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this_o case_n there_o will_v be_v against_o the_o low_a part_n of_o each_o of_o the_o wooden_a body_n a_o pressure_n from_o the_o lateral_o superior_a water_n equal_a to_o that_o upon_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n whereto_o those_o body_n be_v contiguous_a but_o whereas_o upon_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o short_a body_n q_n r_o there_o will_v lean_v a_o pillar_n of_o water_n two_o foot_n high_a the_o pillar_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n that_o will_v lean_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tall_a body_n p_o o_o will_v be_v but_o one_o foot_n high_a as_o the_o attentive_a considerer_n will_v easy_o perceive_v so_o that_o the_o wooden_a body_n being_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o water_n both_o of_o they_o will_v be_v impel_v upward_o but_o that_o compound_a pillar_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o which_o consist_v of_o one_o foot_n of_o wood_n and_o two_o foot_n of_o water_n will_v by_o its_o gravity_n more_o resist_v the_o be_v raise_v then_o 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by_o the_o seven_o follow_a argument_n object_n 1._o say_v he_o because_o else_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o water_n will_v be_v more_o dense_a than_o the_o superior_a since_o they_o will_v be_v compress_v and_o condense_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o they_o ans_fw-fr but_o if_o the_o corpuscle_n whereof_o water_n consist_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v perfect_o solid_a &_o hard_a the_o inferior_a corpuscle_n may_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o superior_a without_o be_v compress_v or_o condense_v by_o they_o as_o it_o will_v happen_v if_o diamond_n dust_n be_v lay_v together_o in_o a_o tall_a heap_n for_o though_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v heavy_a and_o solid_a corpuscle_n can_v be_v deny_v to_o lean_v and_o press_v upon_o the_o low_a yet_o these_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o adamantine_a hardness_n will_v not_o be_v thereby_o compress_v and_o it_o be_v possible_a too_o that_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o water_n though_o not_o so_o perfect_o hard_a but_o that_o they_o 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but_o the_o answer_n to_o that_o be_v easy_a out_o of_o the_o forego_n doctrine_n for_o the_o plant_n we_o speak_v of_o sustain_v not_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n above_o they_o by_o their_o own_o strength_n but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o water_n that_o be_v beneath_o which_o be_v itself_o press_v by_o the_o water_n that_o be_v though_o not_o perpendicular_o over_o it_o superior_a to_o it_o press_v they_o upward_o so_o forcible_o that_o if_o they_o be_v not_o by_o their_o root_n or_o otherwise_o fasten_v to_o the_o ground_n they_o be_v in_o specie_fw-la light_a than_o water_n will_v be_v buoy_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o make_v to_o float_v as_o we_o often_o see_v that_o weed_n do_v which_o storm_n or_o other_o accident_n have_v tear_v from_o their_o native_a soil_n object_n 4._o a_o four_o objection_n be_v this_o that_o a_o heavy_a body_n tie_v to_o a_o string_n and_o let_v down_o under_o water_n be_v support_v and_o draw_v out_o with_o 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the_o fluid_fw-la and_o that_o increase_v as_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o fluid_a increase_v 142_o par._n 8._o that_o water_n may_v be_v make_v as_o well_o to_o depress_v a_o body_n light_a than_o itself_o as_o to_o buoy_v it_o up_o 160_o par._n 9_o that_o what_o ever_o be_v say_v of_o positive_a levity_n a_o parcel_n of_o oil_n light_a than_o water_n may_v be_v keep_v in_o water_n without_o ascend_v in_o it_o 165_o par._n 10._o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o water_n in_o syphom_n and_o of_o its_o flow_n through_o they_o may_v be_v explicate_v without_o have_v a_o recourse_n to_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n 170_o par._n 11._o that_o a_o solid_a body_n as_o ponderous_a as_o any_o yet_o know_v though_o near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n it_o will_v sink_v by_o in_o own_o weight_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v place_v at_o a_o great_a depth_n then_o that_o of_o twenty_o time_n its_o own_o thickness_n it_o will_v not_o sink_v if_o its_o discern_v be_v not_o assist_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n 184_o appendix_n 1._o contain_v a_o answer_n to_o seven_o objection_n propose_v by_o a_o late_a learned_a writer_n to_o evince_v that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o water_n press_v not_o upon_o the_o low_a 193_o ap._n 2._o concern_v the_o reason_n why_o divers_a &_o other_o who_o descend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o oppress_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n 221_o imprimatur_fw-la robertus_fw-la say_v vicecancellarius_a oxon_n hydrostatical_a paradox_n make_v out_o by_o new_a experiment_n present_v to_o the_o royal_a society_n the_o lord_n viscount_n brouncker_fw-ge being_n then_o precedent_n may_v 1664._o my_o lord_n to_o obey_v the_o order_n of_o the_o society_n that_o forbid_v the_o make_n of_o preface_n and_o apology_n in_o account_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o which_o you_o expect_v from_o i_o i_o shall_v without_o any_o further_a 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needless_a and_o will_v not_o be_v acceptable_a to_o repeat_v what_o monsieur_n paschall_n have_v write_v in_o this_o society_n which_o have_v see_v the_o same_o truth_n and_o divers_a other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n more_o clear_o make_v out_o by_o experiment_n which_o can_v not_o be_v make_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr paschall_n and_o those_o other_o learned_a man_n that_o want_v the_o advantage_n of_o such_o engine_n and_o instrument_n as_o have_v in_o this_o place_n be_v frequent_o make_v use_n of_o wherefore_o have_v already_o at_o a_o former_a meeting_n give_v you_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n a_o account_n of_o paschall_n ingenious_a invention_n of_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o without_o vent_n to_o measure_v the_o various_a pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphaere_n i_o remember_v nothing_o else_o that_o needs_o hinder_v i_o from_o proceed_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o book_n the_o treatise_n of_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la of_o liquor_n this_o i_o find_v so_o short_a and_o so_o worthy_a of_o the_o author_n that_o to_o give_v you_o all_o that_o i_o judge_v worth_n take_v notice_n of_o in_o it_o will_v oblige_v i_o to_o transcribe_v almost_o the_o whole_a tract_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v rather_o invite_v you_o to_o read_v the_o whole_a then_o divert_v you_o from_o the_o design_n by_o cull_v out_o any_o part_n of_o it_o yet_o if_o you_o will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v without_o something_o of_o more_o particular_a i_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o discourse_n consist_v partly_o of_o conclusion_n and_o partly_o of_o experiment_n the_o former_a seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o there_o be_v but_o few_o that_o i_o doubt_v of_o consonant_n to_o the_o principle_n and_o law_n of_o the_o hydrostaticks_n but_o as_o for_o the_o latter_a the_o experimental_a proof_n he_o offer_v of_o his_o opinion_n be_v such_o that_o i_o confess_v i_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o and_o the_o reason_n why_o notwithstanding_o that_o i_o like_v most_o of_o paschall_n assertion_n i_o decline_v employ_v his_o way_n of_o prove_v they_o be_v principal_o these_o first_o because_o though_o the_o experiment_n he_o mention_n be_v deliver_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v usual_a in_o mention_v matter_n of_o fact_n yet_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o he_o express_o say_v that_o he_o actual_o try_v they_o and_o therefore_o he_o may_v possible_o have_v set_v they_o down_o as_o thing_n that_o must_v happen_v upon_o a_o just_a confidence_n that_o he_o be_v not_o mistake_v in_o his_o ratiocination_n and_o of_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o this_o doubt_n of_o i_o i_o shall_v ere_o long_o have_v occasion_n to_o give_v a_o instance_n second_o whether_o or_o no_o monsieur_n paschall_n ever_o make_v these_o experiment_n himself_o he_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v very_o desirous_a that_o other_o shall_v make_v they_o after_o he_o for_o he_o suppose_v the_o phaenomena_n he_o build_v upon_o to_o be_v produce_v fifteen_o or_o twenty_o foot_n under_o water_n and_o one_o of_o they_o require_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v sit_v there_o with_o the_o end_n of_o a_o tube_n lean_v upon_o his_o thigh_n but_o he_o neither_o teach_v we_o how_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v enable_v to_o continue_v under_o water_n nor_o how_o in_o a_o great_a cistern_n full_a of_o water_n twenty_o foot_n deep_a the_o experimenter_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v the_o alteration_n that_o happen_v to_o mercury_n and_o other_o body_n at_o the_o bottom_n and_o three_o these_o experiment_n require_v not_o only_o tube_v twenty_o foot_n long_o and_o a_o great_a vessel_n of_o at_o least_o as_o many_o foot_n in_o depth_n which_o will_v not_o in_o this_o country_n be_v easy_o procure_v but_o they_o require_v brass_n cylinder_n or_o plugg_n make_v with_o a_o exactness_n that_o though_o easy_o suppose_v by_o a_o mathematician_n will_v scarce_o be_v find_v obtainable_a from_o a_o tradesman_n these_o difficulty_n make_v the_o experiment_n propose_v by_o monsieur_n paschall_n more_o ingenious_a than_o practicable_a i_o be_v induce_v on_o this_o occasion_n to_o bethink_v myself_o of_o a_o far_o more_o expeditious_a way_n to_o make_v out_o not_o only_o most_o of_o the_o conclusion_n wherein_o we_o agree_v but_o other_o that_o he_o mention_n not_o and_o this_o with_o so_o much_o more_o ease_n and_o clearness_n that_o not_o only_o this_o illustrious_a assembly_n but_o person_n no_o more_o than_o moderate_o verse_v in_o the_o vulgar_a principle_n of_o the_o hydrostaticks_n may_v easy_o enough_o apprehend_v what_o be_v design_v to_o be_v deliver_v if_o they_o will_v but_o bring_v with_o they_o a_o due_a attention_n and_o mind_n dispose_v to_o prefer_v reason_n and_o experience_n to_o vulgar_a opinion_n and_o author_n which_o last_o clause_n i_o annex_v because_o the_o follow_a discourse_n pretend_v to_o confute_v several_a of_o those_o challenge_v a_o right_a to_o except_v against_o their_o authority_n it_o not_o be_v my_o present_a task_n to_o deliver_v the_o element_n or_o a_o body_n of_o hydrostaticks_n but_o only_o ten_o or_o twelve_o paradox_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v provable_a by_o this_o new_a way_n of_o make_v they_o out_o i_o shall_v to_o avoid_v confusion_n deliver_v they_o in_o as_o many_o distinct_a proposition_n after_o each_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v in_o a_o proof_n or_o a_o explication_n to_o show_v both_o that_o it_o be_v true_a and_o why_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o to_o all_o these_o i_o shall_v to_o avoid_v needless_a repetition_n premise_v a_o word_n or_o two_o by_o way_n either_o of_o postulatum_fw-la or_o lemma_n and_o because_o i_o remember_v to_o what_o assembly_n i_o address_v this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o no_o other_o than_o a_o easy_a supposition_n i_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o short_a paper_n about_o a_o mercurial_a phaenomenon_n
gravity_n of_o these_o two_o liquor_n the_o inequality_n betwixt_o the_o surface_n x_o and_o the_o surface_n l_o m_o will_v be_v also_o great_a as_o may_v be_v try_v by_o substitute_v for_o common_a water_n oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la which_o be_v a_o saline_a liquor_n much_o heavy_a than_o it_o and_o that_o in_o case_n the_o pipe_n contain_v not_o a_o light_a liquor_n than_o the_o external_n fluid_fw-la the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o pipe_n will_v not_o be_v high_o than_o that_o of_o the_o liquor_n without_o it_o we_o shall_v by_o and_o by_o have_v opportunity_n to_o manifest_v by_o experience_n from_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o show_v we_o may_v safe_o infer_v the_o proposition_n upon_o who_o occasion_n all_o this_o have_v be_v deliver_v for_o since_o the_o oil_n in_o a_o pipe_n open_v at_o both_o end_n may_v be_v keep_v suspend_v in_o any_o part_n under_o water_n as_o at_o q_o because_o it_o be_v there_o in_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o external_n water_n and_o since_o be_v lift_v up_o in_o the_o water_n as_o from_o q_o to_o saint_n the_o oil_n can_v no_o long_o be_v keep_v suspend_v but_o by_o its_o own_o gravity_n will_v run_v out_o and_o since_o in_o a_o word_n the_o deep_a the_o water_n be_v the_o great_a weight_n and_o pressure_n be_v require_v in_o the_o cylinder_n of_o oil_n to_o be_v able_a to_o countervail_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n and_o keep_v itself_o from_o be_v lift_v up_o thereby_o there_o seem_v no_o cause_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o the_o superficies_n g_o h_n do_v more_o press_v that_o superficies_n than_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n contiguous_a to_o the_o superficies_n i_o k_o do_v press_v that_o and_o consequent_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n that_o be_v under_o the_o uppermost_a surface_n of_o it_o be_v press_v by_o those_o of_o the_o same_o fluid_a that_o be_v direct_o over_o they_o as_o we_o see_v also_o that_o the_o 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all_o a_o few_o advertisement_n to_o avoid_v the_o necessity_n of_o repeat_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o discourse_n and_o first_o what_o be_v here_o say_v of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n upon_o one_o another_o and_o the_o other_o affection_n that_o we_o shall_v attribute_v to_o it_o in_o the_o follow_a paper_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o heavy_a fluid_n in_o general_a unless_o there_o shall_v appear_v some_o particular_a cause_n of_o except_v some_o of_o they_o in_o particular_a case_n second_o whereas_o i_o late_o intimate_v that_o the_o inequality_n betwixt_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o pipe_n and_o of_o the_o external_n water_n be_v in_o part_n to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o slenderness_n of_o the_o pipe_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o these_o experiment_n i_o do_v it_o for_o this_o cause_n that_o whatever_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v which_o we_o need_v not_o here_o inquire_v after_o we_o be_v assure_v by_o experience_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o when_o glass_n pipe_v come_v to_o be_v slender_a water_n and_o many_o other_o liquor_n though_o not_o quicksilver_n will_v have_v within_o they_o a_o high_a surface_n then_o that_o of_o the_o same_o liquor_n without_o they_o and_o this_o inequality_n of_o surface_n as_o far_o as_o we_o have_v yet_o try_v increase_v with_o the_o slenderness_n of_o the_o pipe_n but_o this_o as_o to_o our_o present_a experiment_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o so_o little_a moment_n that_o it_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v intimate_v that_o we_o do_v not_o oversee_v it_o three_o wherefore_o notwithstanding_o this_o little_a inconvenience_n of_o slender_a glass_n we_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o employ_v such_o in_o the_o follow_a experiment_n because_o we_o find_v that_o in_o those_o of_o a_o wide_a boar_n upon_o such_o little_a inequality_n of_o pressure_n as_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v avoid_v the_o oil_n and_o water_n will_v pass_v by_o one_o another_o in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o so_o spoil_v the_o experiment_n which_o require_v that_o the_o oil_n within_o the_o pipe_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o entire_a and_o distinct_a body_n four_o common_a oil_n and_o water_n or_o any_o other_o two_o liquor_n that_o will_v not_o mingle_v may_v serve_v the_o turn_n in_o most_o of_o these_o experiment_n but_o we_o rather_o choose_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n because_o it_o be_v light_a and_o thin_a clear_a and_o colourless_a and_o may_v be_v easy_o have_v in_o quantity_n and_o be_v not_o so_o apt_a to_o spot_v one_o clothes_n or_o obstinate_o to_o adhere_v to_o the_o porous_a body_n it_o chance_v to_o fall_v on_o as_o common_z and_o other_o express_a oil_n and_o for_o their_o sake_n to_o who_o the_o odour_n be_v offensive_a we_o present_o correct_v it_o by_o mingle_v with_o it_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o rhodium_n or_o some_o other_o chemical_a oil_n that_o be_v odoriferous_a five_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n though_o it_o be_v not_o 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but_o the_o true_a one_o be_v that_o there_o can_v no_o more_o of_o water_n gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o body_n that_o be_v in_o it_o or_o under_o it_o then_o as_o much_o water_n as_o can_v descend_v in_o case_n that_o body_n leave_v its_o place_n thus_o for_o example_n 22._o if_o there_o be_v a_o man_n in_o the_o barrel_n b_o that_o shall_v with_o his_o body_n so_o stop_v the_o hole_n a_o as_o to_o hinder_v the_o water_n get_v out_o he_o will_v feel_v upon_o himself_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a cylinder_n of_o water_n a_o b_o c_o of_o which_o i_o suppose_v the_o basis_n to_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o hole_n a_o for_o as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o sink_v down_o through_o the_o hole_n all_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n will_v descend_v too_o but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o little_a high_o as_o about_o b_o so_o that_o he_o do_v no_o long_o hinder_v the_o water_n from_o run_v out_o at_o the_o hole_n a_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o feel_v any_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v over_o he_o 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upon_o which_o monsieur_n cartes_n ingenious_a though_o unsatisfactory_a explication_n be_v build_v and_o yet_o i_o shall_v add_v ex_fw-la abundanti_fw-la that_o suppose_v what_o he_o say_v that_o in_o case_n the_o solid_a b_o shall_v descend_v towards_o a_o the_o incumbent_a water_n will_v not_o descend_v with_o it_o but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o subjacent_a water_n equal_a in_o bulk_n to_o the_o solid_a will_v ascend_v and_o succeed_v in_o its_o room_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o accidental_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o steinchness_n and_o fullness_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o though_o indeed_o the_o superior_a water_n can_v actual_o descend_v upon_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o solid_a at_o b_o if_z at_o the_o same_o time_n while_o that_o body_n descend_v a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n succeed_v in_o its_o
your_o hand_n that_o you_o will_v imagine_v some_o ponderous_a weight_n be_v lay_v upon_o it_o and_o i_o remember_v by_o such_o a_o experiment_n i_o have_v not_o only_o have_v my_o hand_n put_v to_o much_o pain_n but_o have_v have_v the_o back_n of_o it_o so_o bend_v downward_o as_o if_o it_o be_v go_v to_o be_v break_v but_o though_o such_o consideration_n as_o these_o may_v much_o lessen_v the_o difficulty_n of_o our_o phaenomenon_n who_o cause_n be_v inquire_v into_o yet_o still_o it_o seem_v somewhat_o odd_a to_o i_o that_o since_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o by_o stevinus_n his_o confession_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a pressure_n of_o water_n against_o every_o part_n of_o the_o body_n who_o endeavour_n tend_v inward_a so_o exceed_o forcible_a a_o pressure_n which_o thrust_v for_o instance_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o thigh_n against_o the_o bone_n the_o skin_n and_o flesh_n of_o the_o thorax_n against_o the_o rib_n shall_v not_o put_v the_o dive_v to_o any_o sensible_a pain_n as_o i_o find_v not_o by_o one_o that_o i_o examine_v that_o it_o do_v though_o this_o man_n tell_v i_o he_o stay_v a_o good_a while_n at_o the_o depth_n of_o betwixt_o 80_o and_o 100_o foot_n under_o the_o sea_n water_n which_o be_v heavy_a than_o fresh_a water_n for_o that_o which_o stevinus_n explication_n will_v only_o showis_n that_o there_o must_v be_v no_o manifest_a dislocation_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o body_n whereas_o the_o bare_a compression_n of_o two_o small_a part_n one_o against_o another_o be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v a_o sense_n of_o pain_n but_o it_o seem_v the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n be_v better_a able_a to_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o a_o every_o way_n ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la then_o if_o we_o be_v not_o teach_v by_o experience_n we_o shall_v imagine_v and_o therefore_o to_o satisfy_v those_o that_o seclude_v the_o question_n about_o the_o sense_n of_o pain_n think_v it_o a_o abundant_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o body_n immerse_v under_o water_n be_v not_o compress_v by_o it_o that_o divers_a be_v not_o oppress_v and_o even_o crush_v by_o so_o vast_a a_o load_n of_o water_n amount_v by_o stevinus_n computation_n to_o many_o thousand_o of_o pound_n as_o be_v incumbent_n on_o they_o we_o will_v add_v that_o though_o a_o experiment_n propose_v by_o monsieur_n paschal_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v such_o that_o at_o first_o sight_n i_o say_v that_o it_o will_v not_o succeed_v and_o be_v not_o upon_o trial_n mistake_v in_o my_o conjecture_n yet_o it_o give_v i_o the_o occasion_n to_o make_v another_o which_o will_v i_o hope_v full_o make_v out_o the_o thing_n i_o design_v it_o for_o the_o ingenious_a mounseur_fw-fr paschal_n will_v persuade_v his_o reader_n that_o if_o into_o a_o glass_n vessel_n with_o lukewarm_a water_n in_o it_o you_o cast_v a_o fly_n and_o by_o a_o rammer_n forcible_o press_v that_o water_n you_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o kill_v or_o hurt_v the_o fly_n which_o say_v he_o will_v live_v as_o well_o and_o walk_v up_o and_o down_o as_o lively_a in_o lukewarm_a water_n as_o in_o the_o air_n but_o upon_o trial_n with_o a_o strong_a fly_n the_o animal_n be_v as_o we_o expect_v present_o drown_v and_o so_o make_v moveless_a by_o the_o lukewarm_a water_n wherefore_o we_o substitute_v another_o experiment_n that_o we_o know_v will_v not_o only_o succeed_v as_o you_o will_v present_o see_v it_o will_v do_v but_o teach_v we_o how_o great_a a_o pressure_n the_o include_v animal_n must_v have_v be_v expose_v to_o we_o take_v then_o a_o somewhat_o slender_a cylindrical_a pipe_n of_o glass_n 24._o seal_v at_o one_o end_n and_o open_a at_o the_o other_o and_o to_o this_o we_o fit_v a_o rammer_n which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o some_o thong_n of_o soft_a leather_n that_o be_v careful_o wind_v about_o it_o do_v so_o exact_o fill_v the_o pipe_n that_o it_o can_v not_o easy_o be_v move_v to_o and_o fro_o and_o will_v suffer_v neither_o water_n nor_o air_n to_o get_v by_o betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o internal_a surface_n of_o the_o glass_n we_o also_o provide_v some_o small_a tadpole_n or_o gyrini_n about_o a_o inch_n long_a or_o less_o which_o sort_n of_o animal_n we_o make_v choice_n of_o before_o any_o other_o partly_o because_o they_o can_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o smallness_n swim_v free_o to_o &_o fro_o in_o so_o little_a water_n as_o our_o pipe_n contain_v &_o partly_o because_o those_o creature_n be_v as_o yet_o but_o in_o their_o infancy_n be_v more_o tender_a and_o consequent_o far_o more_o expose_v to_o be_v injure_v by_o compression_n than_o other_o animal_n of_o the_o same_o bulk_n but_o come_v to_o their_o full_a age_n and_o growth_n will_v be_v as_o indeed_o such_o young_a tadpole_n be_v so_o soft_a and_o tender_a that_o they_o seem_v in_o comparison_n to_o the_o big_a sort_n of_o fly_n to_o be_v but_o organise_v jelly_n one_o of_o these_o tadpole_n be_v put_v into_o the_o water_n and_o some_o inch_n of_o air_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o pipe_n for_o the_o use_n anon_o to_o be_v mention_v the_o water_n and_o air_n and_o consequent_o the_o tadpole_n be_v by_o the_o intrusion_n of_o the_o plug_n or_o rammer_n with_o as_o great_a a_o force_n as_o a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o employ_v violent_o compress_v and_o yet_o though_o the_o tadpole_n seem_v to_o be_v compress_v into_o a_o little_a less_o bulk_n than_o it_o be_v of_o before_o it_o swim_v free_o up_o and_o down_o the_o water_n without_o forbear_v sometime_o to_o ascend_v to_o the_o very_a top_n though_o the_o instrument_n be_v hold_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n nor_o do_v it_o clear_o appear_v to_o we_o that_o the_o little_a animal_n be_v injure_v by_o this_o compression_n and_o most_o manifest_a it_o be_v he_o be_v not_o crush_v to_o death_n or_o sensible_o hurt_v by_o it_o and_o have_v repeat_v this_o experiment_n several_a time_n &_o with_o tadpole_n of_o differ_v age_n we_o may_v i_o presume_v safe_o conclude_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o animal_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o though_o water_n be_v allow_v to_o weigh_v upon_o water_n yet_o a_o diver_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v oppress_v by_o it_o since_o whether_o or_o no_o water_n weigh_v in_o water_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o our_o experiment_n the_o water_n and_o consequent_o the_o tadpole_n be_v very_o forcible_o by_o a_o external_n agent_n compress_v betwixt_o the_o violent_o condense_v air_n and_o the_o rammer_n and_o by_o the_o notice_n we_o take_v of_o the_o quantity_n of_o air_n before_o the_o compression_n begin_v and_o that_o to_o which_o it_o be_v reduce_v by_o compression_n the_o moderate_v estimate_n we_o can_v make_v be_v that_o it_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o eight_o or_o ten_o part_n of_o its_o former_a space_n and_o so_o according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o prove_v the_o pressure_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o air_n and_o consequent_o upon_o the_o water_n and_o the_o include_v tadpole_n be_v as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n of_o above_o 200_o if_o not_o 300_o foot_n high_a and_o yet_o all_o this_o weight_n be_v unable_a to_o oppress_v or_o so_o much_o as_o manifest_o to_o hurt_v the_o tender_a tadpole_n which_o a_o very_a small_a weight_n will_v suffice_v to_o have_v crush_v if_o it_o press_v only_o upon_o one_o part_n of_o it_o and_o not_o upon_o the_o other_o we_o may_v thence_o learn_v the_o truth_n of_o what_o we_o have_v be_v endeavour_v to_o evince_v that_o though_o water_n be_v allow_v to_o press_v against_o water_n and_o all_o immersed_a body_n yet_o a_o diver_n may_v very_o well_o remain_v unoppress_v at_o a_o great_a depth_n under_o water_n as_o long_o as_o the_o pressure_n of_o it_o be_v uniform_a against_o all_o the_o part_n expose_v thereunto_o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la about_o this_o passage_n see_v the_o publisher_n to_o the_o reader_n reader_n chief_o in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o unpublished_a part_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o osefulness_n of_o experimental_a philosophy_n philosophy_n a_o account_n of_o this_o passage_n also_o may_v be_v have_v from_o the_o publisher_n advertisement_n to_o the_o reader_n reader_n that_o excellent_a mathematician_n the_o learned_a dr_n wallis_n savilian_n professor_n of_o geometry_n this_o experiment_n and_o the_o explication_n of_o it_o if_o to_o some_o they_o shall_v here_o seem_v somewhat_o obscure_a will_v be_v easy_o understand_v by_o the_o figure_n and_o explication_n belong_v to_o the_o first_o ensue_a paradox_n see_v the_o second_o figure_n in_o certain_a note_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o physics-mechanical_a experiment_n touch_v the_o air_n fig._n 3._o fig._n 1._o 2._o fig._n 4._o fig._n 5._o see_v paradox_n the_o six_o fig._n 6._o fig._n 8._o figur_n 9_o fig._n 10._o fig._n 11._o see_v fig._n 12._o fig._n 13._o fig._n 14._o see_v the_o proof_n of_o the_o 11._o paradox_n fig._n 15._o fig._n 16._o fig._n 17._o fig._n 18._o in_o the_o physicomechanical_a experiment_n fig._n 19_o 19_o the_o word_n about_o be_v add_v because_o indeed_o the_o author_n as_o he_o elsewhere_o deliver_v do_v by_o exact_a scale_n find_v brass_n to_o weigh_v between_o eight_o or_o nine_o time_n as_o much_o as_o water_n but_o judge_v it_o needless_a to_o his_o present_a argument_n and_o inconvenient_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o fraction_n fig._n 20._o in_o the_o history_n of_o fluidity_n &_o firmness_n second_o tom_n lettre_fw-fr 32._o fig._n 22._o stevinus_n hydrostat_fw-la lib._n 5._o pag._n 149._o sed_fw-la exemple_n clarius_fw-la ita_fw-la intelliges_fw-la este_fw-la abcd_n aqua_fw-la cujus_fw-la fundum_fw-la d_o c_o in_fw-la quo_fw-la foramen_fw-la e_o habeat_fw-la epistimeus_n sibi_fw-la iesertum_fw-la cui_fw-la dorso_n incumbat_fw-la homo_fw-la f_o quae_fw-la cum_fw-la ita_fw-la fiat_fw-la ab_fw-la aqua_fw-la pondere_fw-la ipsi_fw-la insidente_fw-la nulla_fw-la pars_fw-la corporis_fw-la luxari_fw-la poterit_fw-la cum_fw-la aqua_fw-la ut_fw-la dictus_fw-la est_fw-la undiquaque_fw-la aqualiter_fw-la urgeat_fw-la fig._n 23._o si_fw-mi vero_fw-la ejus_fw-la veritatem_fw-la explorare_fw-la libeat_fw-la eximito_fw-la epistemiun_n tumque_fw-la tergum_fw-la nulla_fw-la re_fw-la fultum_fw-la sustinebitur_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o locis_fw-la cateris_fw-la ideoque_fw-la istic_fw-la tanto_fw-la pressu_fw-la afficietur_fw-la quantus_fw-la tertio_fw-la exemple_n secunda_fw-la propositionis_fw-la huius_fw-la demonstratus_fw-la est_fw-la vidquantam_fw-la efficit_fw-la columna_fw-la aquea_fw-la cujus_fw-la basis_n sit_fw-la foramica_fw-la e_z altitudo_fw-la autem_fw-la eadem_fw-la quae_fw-la aqua_fw-la ipsi_fw-la insidentis_fw-la quo_fw-la exemplo_fw-la propositi_fw-la veritas_fw-la manifest_a declaratur_fw-la fig._n 24._o