Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	body_n	cause_v	humour_n	1,709	5	7.9545	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A50437	Medicus absolutus adespotos the compleat physitian, qualified and dignified : the rise and progress of physick, historically, chronologically, and philosophically illustrated : physitians of different sects and judgements, charactered and distinguished : the abuse of medicines, imposture of empericks, and illegal practisers detected : cautioning the diseased in the use of medicines, and informing them in the choice of a good physitian / by Everard Maynwaring ...	Maynwaringe, Everard, 1628-1699?	1668 (1668)	Wing M1497; ESTC R32063	68,087	196

so certain a Medicine to effect a Cure as you affirme Answ I grant you the first part of your objection but the inference from thence is not good I never said that a Catholick medicine is infallibly successful in its operation A Catholick Medicine may fail and may frustrate your and my expectation sometimes Perhaps one in twenty or forty may not find the usuall and expected benefit as the rest receives but this was the most probable Medicine to do it before tryal this is more certain in operation this seldomer fails then any other nor is there any Medicine in the world that cures all or never misseth its wonted success Optandum potius quam sperandum tale medicamentum sayes Sennertus such a Medicine may be desired but we have no hopes to expect it if such Medicines were Providence would be resisted Sickness would be slighted and Mortality baffled but there is nothing in nature or art that alwayes and infallibly can free mortals from their languishings and infirmities Non est in medico semper relevetur ut aeger Interdum docta plus valet arte ma lum The best medicine in the world may fail sometimes and be frustrated of its wonted success and therefore this does not defame or derogate from the Catholick Medicine since there is no Medicine but does will and must fail sometimes but this as seldom as any nay more certain in operation then any and more to be relyed on If a Catholick Medicine be the most certain Qu●● efficacious and best Medicine then where a Catholick Medicine can do no good there is no hopes in any other medicine but the Patient must languish under his disease The best Medicine in the world may sail sometimes Solution and a more inferiour may do what that could not in some particular cases and bodies I have known a true Catholick Medicine to miss in its common success and excellency of operation in some one person now and then one in a hundred perhaps shall not receive that benefit and advantage which all the rest have what is to be done then Is this person to be given over for desperate No I have then appropriated a Medicine which I thought might better agree with such a particular body avoiding what I thought might be disgusting or disagreeing with that peculiar nature or something else to be added which this special case might require as the operation of the first Medicine hath hinted and dictated to me and then a much inferiour medicine in point of art hath done that in some bodies and complicated diseases which a more excellent medicine could not effect And this particular propriety of body no man can give a sufficient reason for it nor perhaps well understand why the one medicine failed and why the other had success so mysterious and hidden are the operations of nature in their causes sometimes that the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is apparent the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 very obscure and conjectural and there is no way to find out peculiar different proprieties of bodies in such cases but by variation of medicines and rational tryals He that practiseth with Catholick medicines of his own preparation is not tyed up to them that he cannot go farther in Cures then they will carry him nor alter if there be occasion he that can rightly design and work medicines up to their Catholick operation knows how to appropriate medicines if there be occasion for any special case and person as well as any man whatever and if I should say better the assertion is rational and easie to be proved for his experiments are so many in his various tryals of preparation and use before his medicines be Catholick and radical that he receives more satisfaction in the nature and vertues of all medicinal Ingredients then any other that is but a speculator in medicines no operator he sees and knows their various proprieties both genuine and artificial their discord and concord and Protean natures in several preparations and vatious associations this with that which knowledge furnisheth him with variety of medicines for all occasions whatever that he is never at a loss for medicines and carries a better Pharmacopoeia in his head then another hath in his Library and he being not only a Pharmacopaeian and Operator in medicinal preparations but also a Compleat Physitian knows what to aim at in every particular and special case he can adapt a medicine proper and peculiar where his Catholick Medicines fail and is as ready at this practice for contriving and designing special and peculiar Medicines according to such and such indications with as much reason and facility as any Professor in this Faculty He is not like the Emperick that a hath few common Medicines and can do no more then that stock of Medicines he hath pickt up can enable him the Compleat Physitian is not limited or tyed to any set forms of Medicines Catholick or other but he is an ex temporo man if need be he can and does vary upon all occasions necessary requiring it but otherwise he preferrs the Catholick Medicines in whose distinct operations he placeth much confidence as most safe and certain to make the first onset and progress in their due order for the eradicating of a contumacious disease Objection You speak much in the commendation of Catholick Medicines but it seems strange to me that one Medicine can apply fitly to several differently diseased and of different Constitutions some are Cholerick some Phlegmatick some Melancholick that which is good for one is not good for another one must have a Medicine to purge Flegme another to purge Choler c. as the diversity of humours abound and is the cause of this or that disease Answer I grant you there are bodies differing in their superfluous humours and degenerate matter lodged here or there infesting this or that part which causeth variety of diseases or symptomatical appearances but notwithstanding a good radical medicine carryes all this matter off be it this or that not respecting the diversity of its nature if it lie within spear of its activity that is if it lie in such a region of the body where this Medicine dischargeth its operation for evacuating or purging Medicines do not work elective by attracting this or that humour paricularly as you imagine and as the world is made to believe but purgers operate excitative fermamentive and abstersive by excitation and provocation of nature to expulsion by putting nature upon fermentation and separation of the pure from the impure and by stmulating abstersive properties and this is the nature and effect of a true purgative Medicine so that there is no particular purger for this or that humour some for Phlegme and others for Melancholy and some for Choler this is a great mistake and those purgets that are so accounted and supposed peculiar attractives as Senna Agarick Coloquintida Hellebore Rhubarb Scammony c. most in use are of a deleterious

Chance that you did not expect the second Experience is Ex proposito when one does purposely and designedly make a tryal the third is Experientia imitatrix when a Physitian useth or rejecteth those things which in the like cases he has found to do good or hurt and this is that Experience chiefly meant which constituteth that Emperical Art upon which bottom this Emperical Sect was founded and denominated Those men judged Reason useless in their practice and trusted wholy to Experience and therefore did not trouble themselves about examining of Causes and searching into the abstruse nature of Diseases and Bodies but herein differ the Empericks of ancient times and these in our daies for they profess and own nothing but Experience to be their Guide and Master and herein they were ingenious but our Empericks pretend not only Experience but great Knowledge when they are very ignorant in Philosophy and the Tongues now the ancient Empericks and the modern neither make inspection into the Disease it self or the Cause by a rational discourse and investigation being unable so to do but altogether fix their eyes upon the Phaenomena the external and sensible appearances the syndrome and concurrence of Symptomes which historically they have noted in the like Cases and therefore do give the same Remedies This Sect in ancient times flourished chiefly amongst the Egyptians as Herodotus reports every Disease almost had a particular Physitian some were for the Eyes others for the Teeth some for the Feet others for the Hand and so each of them applyed themselves to the Cure of some particular part of the Body Men of note of this Sect were Serapio Philinus Apollonius Glaucius Heraclitus Tarentinus Menodotus c. But in process of time finding their blind Experiments to deceive them which they wholy relyed on they began to establish themselves upon a better foundation and did inquire into Causes and the nature of things Themison Laodicaeus introduced and was Author of that Sect called the Methodists Methodists who held that the knowledge of Causes did not conduce to the Cure nor had they any consideration of the Sick in respect of Temperament Age Custome Sex strength of the Patient time of the Year Region or any thing else which a good Physitian ought to have but only looked upon the Disease in facto esse as it appeared by the Dianosticks and from thence only they took their indication for Cure They made their Art very compendious and short and asserted against Hypocrates who pronounced Vitam brevem artem longam Aphor. that the Art of Physick was neither long not hard and Thessalus would vainly boast and promise to teach it in six months without the assistance of any other learning They reduced all Diseases under these two Heads Astriction and Laxity for which two general Medicines they appointed an Astringent for Laxity and a Laxative for Astriction and one of these was used in all Cases of this Sect was Saranus Antipater Thessalus Trallianus and others The vanity of whose Art was such that I need not use any Argument to refute their Opinions I come now to the Rational Physitians Rational Physitians who are the considerable Party that deserve to be insisted upon and rightly understood they were stiled Rational Physitians because by a strict ratiotination they did search into the Causes of all things and were not contented to trust Experience only for their Rule and Guide as the Emperical Sect but did joyn Reason with Experience to confirm and ascertain the truth of what they did believe they took Cognisance of the whole frame of Nature and dived into the Secrets thereof they brought under examination the natural action and proprieties of all things they considered accuratly the Frame of Man's Body in its natural and preternatural state what was conducing to preserve him in health and what would free him from sickness they took an account of all the preternatural affects that humane bodies were incident to how procured how differenced and discerned and how to be remedied and this they did establish by Rules and Precepts to constitute and settle the Medicinal Art upon a hand some and certain foundation These Rational Physitians though aiming all well and industriously tending towards one end yet differed much in their Progress and Medicines to attain it and still continue so to this day Of these there are two grand dissenting Parties Dogmatists or Galenists and Chymists or Hermetic Physitians they were called Dogmatists from the many Opinions that did arise amongst themselves and now called Galenists from Galen their great Patron whom they assert and profess themselves to be his Disciples and own his Doctrine Galen lived about six hundred years after Hypocrates Galen and practised Physick at Athens Alexandria and Rome where he was in great fame and splendor he was a very learned man and intended the honour and good of the Profession as appears by his great labour and pains which he took in writing so many Volumes of Physick and crushing the Emperical Sect and Methodists that defamed this excellent Art but for all this he was not so fortunate in his works as to build the stately structure of Physick which he had notably framed upon a right foundation which caused him to accumulate errors that his voluminous Writings are of little advantage except to those who are wary and intelligent and rightly principl'd that know how to pick and chuse such I say may make some good use of his Works but they that admire and read him so as to swallow all that 's presented and become a perfect Disciple of his such shall never be excellent in the true knowledge of Physick if they persist Doubtless had this great Physitian been acquainted with the discoveries in Physick which some Physitians in these dayes are Masters of his parts and industry were such he had excelled all before and after him and Galen then would not have been a Galenist but a Chymist I shall not note the failings of this great man others have sufficiently done that already yet many there are that think his Works most perfect at least will have them so Servilia quorundam recentiorum ingenia satis mirari non possum Senert Co● ct disse● Chym. cum Gal●● qui scribere ausi sunt se cum antiquis errare malle quam cum recentioribus verum dicere sayes Sennertus So addicted are many jurare in verba magistri they will maintain the Credit of their Patrous right or wrong But Julius Scaliger notes the pertinacious defence of antique Authors to be very injurious to truth and increase of knowledge Equidem saepenumerò miratus sum mortalium vel audaciam vel pertinaciam Lib. 3. de Caus Ling. Lat. qui tuentur errores quos ii qui commiserunt si viverent emendarent Many there are who dotingly do so adore their Patrons that they will maintain such tenents of theirs as they themselves had they been alive now

in Physiologye as the first step in Physick After this he considers the requisite supports of this Machine what is required by Nature to preserve this humane body in due order and to maintain it in strength and vigour and now he is conversant in the diaetetick part of Physick appoints and regulates man in his Meat and Drink in sleeping and watching in exercise and rest assignes him a fit place to live in c. most agreeing and suting with his body the longer to preserve it And as Nature does not continue long in the state of integrity and health but declensions and disorders will arise and this exquisite Fabrick tends towards a dissolution and decay he then considers the body of man in its preternatural state the Dyscrasy and Alaxy wherewith it is discomposed or liable thereto he is therefore acquainting himself with the Pathological part of Physick taking cognizance of all the diseases incident to mans body in their causes with the Symptomes and Phaenomena that discover them and being well verst and sharp fighted in the discovery of diseases and their complications he next applyes himself and consults what is fit and requisite to reduce and recover back again this lost health and vigorous state of Nature first qua methodo how this must be done and here the methodus medendi directs and regulates him secondly quibus auxiliis with what and by what means and that is Chyrurgical Diaetetical or Pharmaceutical from which three fountains he draws proper Remedies and applyes fit means for the reduction of Nature to her pristine and integrity of Operations And for a copious supply of Pharmaceutick means he searcheth the Animal the Vegitable and Mineral Family to find out fit matter to work upon and industriously applyes himself to the Pyrotechnical or Chymical Art being the most excellent and ingenious way of medicinal preparations he is very studious in the Scientifical or Philosophical part of Chymistry which distinguisheth him from the Emperick Chymist contemplating the principles and nature of all things in their causes and effects and to prove the verity of his speculative notions he is very laborious in the operative and practical part of Chymistry more particularly designing medicinal Experiments and tryalls which makes him a perite and most excellent pharmacopoeian daily projecting and operating in Chymicall Pharmacy whereby he adorns the Medicall Art and enricheth it with a store and treasury of efficacious and most noble Medicines Tinctures Spirits Essences Elixirs Extracts c. and therefore Mathiolus well saith Lib. 4. epist ad A●driam de Blav. neminem medicum absolutum esse posse imo nê mediocrem quidem qui in Chymia non sit exercitatus No Physitian can be compleat scarce an indifferent one that is not exercised in Chymistry and Sennertus he is of the same opinion and adds moreover Cum enim medicus sit ille admirabilis Cons dis Chym. Cum Galen cap 18. qui quod est divinum in morbis in medicamentis in natura novit actionumque fontes investigat ista omnia praecipue Chymiae beneficio assequi potest what ever is rare and extraordinary profound in nature the knowledge of that is attained chiefly by Chymistry And Mesue a famous Physitian speaks thus of Chymists Antidota distiect 21. they make manifest and discover the hidden properties of things that I may confidently say scarce any one is able to attaine to the internall knowledge of things who is not skilfull in Chymicall operations c. To good purpose then does the Hermetic Physitian spend his time in Chymistry since this is the Key of Knowledge Wonder not then but applaude him in the Spagiricall dissecting and opening the bodies of Concretes in separating their Constituent parts since this is the way to discover the hidden properties of each part disjoyned and to know the result of the whole in their natural composition He makes artificial trialls to find out their Similar and dissimilar natures their conflicts and actings upon each other by what repugnant properties they stand at distance and by what mediums they are united He knows how to separate the pure from the impure rightly distinguishing between this and that Sulphurious Saline Mercurial c. and takes what is proper to serve his turn and rejects the rest He knows how to tame or kill an exorbitant or noxious quality in a Drug or Minerall that the amicable and excellent medicinal property may more safely and clearly shew its energy T is he alone that knows how to volatise the fixed and to fix the volatile that it may serve his purpose pro re nata In learning and knowing these and such like artificial operations the natural Chymistry of the Microcosme is rightly understood this art being but an imitation of nature which being unknown the art of curing is obscure and dark and he shoots at randome that hath not these helps to direct and give him aime in the prosecution of any disease In the body of man nature digests transmures separates fixeth and volatiseth subdues and tameth exalts and advanceth to make fit for her purpose the nutrimental object to serve her several uses in the nutrition supply and conservation of the body but when nature is disordered and put by or deficient in these her daily actions and these her wonted and necessary operations who so sit and who so knowing to restore them again as the most expert and sagacious Chymical Physitian whose daily business it is to perform these operations that he may the better understand the Chymistry of Nature and be able to assist her by his art where nature is unable of her self to perform the work This learned Spagyrist or Hermetick Physitian does not despise and throw aside the laborious Works of our famous Predecessors and wholy shake off their Doctrine but does respect use and assert them so far as is agreeable with the truth of later discoveries and therefore they do him wrong and have a false apprehension that think he practiseth empyrically with Chymical Medicines and without Art established by Rules and Precepts or by new fantastick unstable notions no he stands and is founded upon most certain Principles demonstrable by sense and is able to give the most satisfactory account of Diseases according to their Radix and Seminaries adapting Medicines and exhibiting them most rationally and methodically that he may most deservedly be called The Rational Physitian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 He knows and can manifest it that the Medicinal Science requires alteration in some fundamentals generally received that many derivative Doctrines must fall to the ground that the Professors in this Faculty are not to sit down be satisfied with the Labours of our Predecessors though worthy to be reveverenced and recorded for their great endeavours but that there is much work yet left to be finished and much to be unravelled that is supposed perfect he is therefore strict in the examination of old Tenents and sedulous in