and who vpon the knowledge of their true causes doeth found the right method of their curation That the Diuell doeth both know the causes of diseases and also how by them to procure and produce diseases is manifest by the History of Iob vpon whom he brought that grieuous generall bâ—ch and byle ouer all his body Iob chap. 2. verse 7. That hee did this by the force of causes in nature must needes bee euident First because hee is a creature and subiect and limited by nature vnto and within heâ— liâ— and therefore is not able absolutely and simply without causes and meanes in nature to produce any effects in nature although our ignorance of his power and knowledge because it so farre excelleth our power or nature doeth call all his workes iustly supernaturall Secondly for that by â—es and dotches are knowne naturall diseases and therefore had naturall causes although haply vnknowne to any man and beyond the nature of knowledge or skill in man These reasons of the Diuels impossibilitie to worke those effects without nature are thus yet more briefly and cleerely made infallible Of nothing simply to produce any thing vnto a true being and existence is the sole and proper worke of any infinite Creator and impossible vnto any creature Therefore the Diuell being a creature could not bring those diseases vpon Job but by created meanes preexisting in created nature in which he is contained and limited And thus much concerning that kinde of Witch and Sorcerer which is enquired at concerning the curing and issue of diseases which we will conclude with this note that all learned men of the best experience haue obserued that in those cures by Witches and Sorcerers the Diuell hath neuer perfectly healed but for a time or else where hee hath seemed most perfectly to cure it hath beene for a reseruation of the body by him cured vnto a greater and further mischiefe in time to succcede Besides this kinde of Witch by meanes vnknowne to man or by a supernaturall vertue in knowne meanes aboue and beyond their nature vndertaking to cure the sicke or to foretell the euent and issues of diseases there is also another kind which doeth vndertake to bee enquired at for extraordinary reuelation of such diseased persons as are bewitched or possessed by the Diuell This kinde is not obscure at this day swarming in the Kingdome whereof no man can bee ignorant who lusteth to obserue the vncontrouled libertie and license of open and ordinary resort in all places vnto wise-men and wise-women so vulgarly termed for their reputed knowledge concerning such diseased persons as are supposed to be bewitched But it may bee obiected that many of these two last mentioned forts are rather deceiuers and Impostors onely who by an opinion of this power and not by any reall power herein doe deceiue seduce and beguile the people This cannot in some be denied notwithstanding least impious imposture bee still tolerated to bee a couert to hide the manifest diuellish practise of Witches vnder pretense thereof whereby it shall euer continue in this shape neglected or vnspied I will both briefely giue satisfaction how the one may bee distinguished from the other and also declare how men ceasing to enquire at Diuels and Witches or Impostors may learne to enquire of their God alone and by the light of nature and reason which hee hath giuen vnto them in his feare with his allowance and approbation more truely and certainely informe themselues CHAP. IX Of Wizards and Impostors how they differ from Witches HOw Witch-craft in diuers kinds may according to euidence of reason be detected hath beene before made manifest How imposture may be discouered sense there is so good vse and necessitie of the distinction thereof for the more perfect separating and setting a part of Witch-craft by it selfe wee will likewise briefly make manifest The Impostor is he who pretendeth truth but intendeth falshood For this cause sometimes vnder an holy pretense he maketh God the Author of his vnholy prestigiation and slandereth God vnto his face sometimes to be reputed an Angell of light he maketh himselfe a license to counterfeit the Diuell He proposeth it his trade to seduce and liueth by lying Sometimes in shew and pollicitation he is a Witch but in the performance of the greater sinne hee is lesse iust and in the personate resemblance solely a Iugler For as the Witch performeth that which in true and infallible reason is transcendent and aboue nature so the Impostor performeth that which in false and fallible reason and opinion onely seemeth parallel Hence as Witches doe strange and supernaturall workes and truely vnto reason worthy of wonder so the Impostor doth things voide of accomptable reason in shadow shew and seeming onely supernaturall wondred and admired And hence it commeth to passe that with vndiscerning mindes they are sometimes mistaken and confounded on for another From hence it is also necessarily concluded that as Witch-craft is discouered by a supernaturall worke aboue reason whereto the Witches consent if accessary so an Impostor is detected by a worke voide of accomptable reason but in a deceiuing false Visar or shew wherewith the purpose and intention of the Deceiuer or Impostor doth concurre As therefore the suspected Witch is tyed to answere vnto any iust doubt which may bee directly vrged against his or her manifest voluntary action that is prooued supernaturall so is a truely doubted Impostor bound to giue satisfaction for such his ambiguous actions as doe in likely reason appeare fraudulent vaine prestigious iuggling couzening or deceiuing And thus shall each appeare in his owne true shape apart of diuers kindes of Witch-craft I haue before produced examples I am here likewise very pertinently for further illustration propose some examples of Imposture in generall that the odiousnesse of this foule sinne may appeare more foule and the ougly face thereof may be more fully discoured Among multitude of examples I will recite onely some few whereof some consist in lewd and guilefull contriuement of action other in the bewitching power of false prophecies reuelations predictions and prognostications Concerning the first who can be ignorant of the impious Example 1 and infamous Impostures of Mahomet who by guilefull counterfeit miracles and pretended angelicall illuminated workes first magnified and set vp that heathenish Empire and Religion of the blasphemous Turkes The History of Sebastian the pretended Portugall King Example 2 as it is set forth by Iohn de Serres according to Master Crimstones translation thereof if he were a true Impostor indeed and were not iniuriously traduced and blurred with vndeserued reproch is an incomparable example aboue and beyond many other I will referre my Reader to to the Author himselfe If we desire more neere or domesticall examples herein Example 3 behold in the raigne of Henry the seuenth a boy of meane parentage through imposturous machinations opposed set vp and crowned King in
in one with thicknesse blacknesse and small quantity of bloud in another with thinnesse brightnesse of colour and more quantity and in one of these also with lesse and in another with more difficulty and labour Shortnesse of winde or difficulty of breathing is a common companion to all the named diseases but in one with frequent expuition in another without and where with expuition in one with more facility in another with difficulty in one with one manner of distension of the instruments of respiration in another with another in one kinde of difficulty of respiration more frequent in another lesse in one more grieuous in another tolerable The like may be said of coughing and paines Coughing in one of the forenamed diseases is with much in another with little and in another with no expuition at all in one continuall in another with intermission in one with intension in another with remission in one loud in another still and where with expectoration in one of one colour and quantity in another of another and in another of none at all in one easie gentle free and without paine in another grieuous and painfull yea suffocatory and neere to strangle Paine likewise is a common companion to all the mentioned diseases but distinguished in the one and the other by the manner nature and situation of the seuerall parts which apart is euery one it possesseth and also by the different oddes fashions and kindes of paine some being sharp some dull some quicke some slowe some with distension some with punction some with heauinesse and sensible weight some more grieuous to the Patient lying some to him sitting or standing some more calme in one position of the body and some in another And thus prudent an skilfull coniecture by due and diligent perpension comparing together oddes and exactly referring vnto true discerning the seuerall properties and differences of accidents their manner proportions and other due circumstances doth in the end reduce euery accident to his right disease and euery disease to his right cause whereby the prudent and iudicious Physicion doth cleerly vnderstand directly and timely to apply proper and pertinent remedies And thus in doubtfull cases which are neither euident to Reason nor manifest to Sense in the Art and exercise of Physike it is manifest how solert and accurate coniectation through the clouds and mists of ambiguities doth in the end so cleerely send forth and giue so faire a light that doubt it selfe doth become out of doubt and is little inferiour vnto certaine and plaine demonstration As a short summe of all that hath been said whatsoeuer hath beene declared of diseases the same may bee propounded concerning their issues very briefely The issues of all diseases are either informed from Sense or euident by reason or serutable by artificiall coniecture Examples of the first kinde are manifest when with our eyes we behold the motion and Sense externall and other outward functions of the body either abolished or in an high degree depriued of their power and naturall vse This certaine testimony of our sight doth certainely informe the vnderstanding concerning the dangerous issue Examples of the second kinde are manifest likewise we finde either the causes of diseases vnremoueably fixed or the disease it selfe rooted in the substance of any of the principall parts or accidents in malignitie vehemence and fury irresistable In these cases a doubtfull and hard issue is euident to Reason by iust consequent Examples of the latter kind are also apparent when in diseases good and euill signes are so doubtfully mixed that some promise Life others as much threaten Death some in number discourage other some in worth as much as incourage We doe oft see and know in the middest of this mist and darknes where there appeareth not to a common sense so much as the least shew of any indication of certaine issue yet through the exquisitenesse of prudent artificiall perpension and due exact distinction in the forementioned seeming inscrutable oddes the learned Physicion euen in the first scarce sensible budding of indication and in the first most imperfect and scarce-being thereof doth oft discouer that true euent which vsually and for the most part is seene and obserued to come to passe If any man not rightly apprehending reason make a doubt or question of any such possible exquisitnes let him consider and behold it by an easie example In an inequalitie of one and the same Vermiculant pulse where the beginning of the same distension is quicker the next continuation or middle part is sâ—ower and the beginning of the end thereof ending almost before it begin it must needes be very difficult nay almost impossible vnto the first view of Sense or Reason or to a common iudgement or learning to diuide really and distinguish this one short small motion into two or three distinct times and parts of motion the space so very short the faculty of mouing so low and weake and the mouing it selfe almost altogether in an insensible exiguitie and an indiuisible degree of lownesse Wee see oft-times a common vulgar cannot in his reason conceiue it much lesse by his sense at all perceiue it Neither is it found easie to euery man though learned therein yea or educate thereto either perfectly to apprehend the generall Idea of such a motion or at all in the first proofes and tryals of his sense or hand to deprehend any particular Notwithstanding the Physicion that exquisitely discerneth and iudgeth doth both in reason see that euery single smallest motion hath his diuers distinct diuision of parts also by his discerning wary iudicious and exercised touch doth apartly detect and discouer it And thus hath been proued by seueral instances taken in the art of Physicke in steade of al other Arts and Sciences for auoiding tediousnesse and confusion that all knowledge all Art all Science whatsoeuer giuen vnto man hath no other entrance meanes or wayes thereto but thorow Sense or Reason or prudent and artificiall coniecture sagacitie and exquisitenesse of iudging and discerning thereby And that it may the better appeare that beyond these waies and lights the Physicion cannot finde any knowledge or discouery of Diseases let vs view some particular examples of some Diseases for this cause vndiscouerable and not to be detected and therewith consider the impossibilitie of discouery to consist solely herein namely for that they are remoued from any capacitie of Sense or Reason and from the reach of all artificiall search scrutiny accurate insight deriued from both which is the highest straine of humane Vnderstanding In the generall it cannot be denied except of such whose vnderstandings are extremely blinde that it is impossible that those diseases should or can bee at all so much as suspected and therefore much lesse knowne which yeeld no shew no signe no indication of themselues There needeth hereof no other nor better proofe then the enumeration of some particular diseases of this kinde Are not diuers
secret and hidden Apostemations and other inward collections of vicious matter in the body dayly Seminaries of vnexpected and wondred shapes of corruption and putrifaction which lying long hidden in the body and by an insensible growth taking deepe roote in the end sodainely breake forth beyond all possible expectation or thought of the most excellent exquisite and subtill circumspection and disquisition For a briefe confirmation hereof Hollerius doth mention a man the cause of whose disease while he liued being vnknowne to Physicions and Art after his decease his guts were found gangrened and perished and therein things viewed like vnto Water-snakes and his Liuer full of schirrose knots There happened vnto my selfe this yeare last past a Patient a very worthy Gentleman who being extremely vexed with the Strangury Disurie and Ischurie together with pissing of blood in great abundance and the stone by the vse and accommodation of remedies found much ease mitigation of paines and qualification of the extremitie of all the former accidents Notwithstanding for that there were certaine indications of an Vlcer in the body or capacitie of the Bladder his recouerie was not expected but after his decease in the dissection of his body his Bladder was found rotten broken and black without any manifest matter therein as cause thereof or so much as one stone although hee had formerly and immediately before auoided many stones at seuerall times This I produce being fresh in memory as an instance of impossibilitie of knowledge vnto a Physicion in many and frequent cases For how could the fracture or colour of his Bladder while the Patient was liuing by any exquisitenesse of Art or vnderstanding be knowne in any possibilitie meanes or power of man although all the other accidents aboue mentioned were vndoubtedly by certaine indications and signes discouered I might here deliuer many other like Examples out of mine owne knowledge I will onely call to remembrance one more I was of late yeares Physicion vnto a right Noble Lady the cause of whose apparent dangerous estate diuers learned and famous Physicions conioyned with my selfe could neuer discouer In the dissection of her body after her decease her heart was found inclosed with a shining rotten gelly and the very substance of the heart of the same colour In the same Lady an intolerable paine about the bottome of her stomack by fits depriued her of all ease by day and of rest by night and could neuer be either knowne in the cause or remooued in the accident by any meane or remedy but after death in the dissection of her body before mentioned a black round gelly as bigge as a Tenice ball did manifest it selfe in that place where in her life the intolerable paine was seated and fixed Of this euill discoloration of her heart of the matter and euill colour of that matter wherewith her heart was inuironed as also of that collected gelly in her stomacke what possible knowledge thinke you or exquisite vnderstanding or art of man could euer in her life time giue any notice or information Like vnto this is that which Hollerius in the 21. of his rare obseruations doth mention In a sicke man perplexed in a strange manner from an vnknowne cause in his life after his death his liuer and epiploon did appeare corrupted and putrified his stomacke toward the bottome bruised and full of blacke iuice or humour Christophorus Schillincus opening the body of a childe after death reporteth that hee saw in the small veines running thorow the substance of the liuer many small scrauling wormes then liuing Beniuenius doth make mention of a woman tormented grieuously by a needle in her stomack which was impossible by any art or exquisitnesse of vnderstanding to bee conceiued or suspected if nature it selfe working it out thorow the body and substance of the stomacke vnto the outward view and Sense had not so discouered it I will not here mention the generation of wormes stones and the like in the guts gall heart longs and other parts of which no Art or excellence of knowledge can possibly take notice vntill they haue prooued themselues vnto the sight Many diseases of these kindes being fearefull and terrible accidents and afflictions vnto the body yet for the most part are neuer detected because they haue not onely no proper tâ—ue certaine likely but no possible meanes or way of indication or notice at all in any reason or vnderstanding of humane Art or Science without which the most exquisite and Scientificall Clarkes are altogether disabled and must necessarily bee ignorant Thus hath beene at large manifested that nothing can bee vnto the Physician in his Art and Science knowne which either by outward Sense or inward is not apparent or by likely and artificiall coniecture from both is not detected or discerned The like might bee vrged concerning the trials of Lawe and Iustice and inquisitions of offences and errors against the Law which are the diseases of a Common-weale as the former of the body of man Many offences against the Lawe are apparent vnto the outward Sense as sight or hearing and therefore being witnessed by hearers or beholders are without doubt or difficultie immediately dispatched sentensed and adiudged Many also are euident to reason which therefore are held and reputed inuincibly and infallibly to conuince Many offences also there are neither manifest to Sense nor euident to reason against which onely likelihood and presumptions doe arise in iudgement whereby notwithstanding through narrow search and sifting strict examination circumspect curious view of euery circumstance together with euery materiall moment and oddes thorowly and vnto the depth and bottome by subtill disquisition fadomed the learned prudent and discerning Iudge doeth oft detect and bring vnto light many hidden intestine and secret mischiefes which vnsensibly and vnobseruedly would otherwise oppresse and subuert the Common-weale When by none of these wayes of extrication the trueth can possibly be gained the wise and vpright Iudge vnto necessitie in want of due warrant vnto iust proceeding doeth with patience and sobrietie submit For this cause as may be seene vpon records many cases iustly necessarily and vnauoidably stand perpetually inscrutable vndecided and neuer determined as certaine proofes euidences of the limitation and annihilation of mans knowledge in many things of this life Almightie God oft-times decreeing to hide some trueth from the fight of man and detaining it in his owne secret will and pleasure CHAP. III. Whether Witch-craft haue any other wayes or meanes of inuestigation then these before mentioned and what is the true inuestigation IT hath beene at large before declared how God and Nature haue limited and confined all knowledge of man within certaine wayes and bounds out of which and beyond which it cannot passe as also for that cause that no iustifiable Art or true Science whatsoeuer doeth or can exceed those restraints There haue bin also diuers examples produced of the necessitie of mans ignorance in the impossibilitie of much
obsession of his minde with frightfull visions whereof as in the disposition temper substance or qualitie of his braine or body there was no ground or cause so in the Apple it selfe was no other pernicious mixture but that the Diuell as with Iudas Sop though wholesome and sauing in it selfe so in this medicinall fruit entred and possessed where God permitted The like may be said of other both outward and inward remedies which by a Magicke power are and may be oft interrupted turned and bent vnto a vse contrary to their nature For this cause Hippocrates himselfe in his booke de Sacro morbo de Natura muliebri doeth acknowledge many accidents as also diseases and remedies themselues to be diuine as hauing their cause and being aboue the course of nature When therefore fitting vnto any cause matter or humour in the body according to true Art and Reason discouered apt and fit remedies are aptly and fitly by the iudicious Physition applyed notwithstanding contrary to the nature and custome of such remedies they haue vnusuall and iustly wondered effects is there not iust matter of doubt concerning an vnusuall and extraordinary cause answereable thereto The deepe and mysticall contengents in this kinde and their hidden reason and cause the vnlearned man or he that is not exercised in difficult discoueries cannot discerne nor can the intricate and perplexed implications therein of doubts and ambiguites possibly become intelligible in euery ordinary apprehension yet by the former easie and familiar example euery man may gesse and coniecture at the most abstruse The subtiltie of the Diuell doeth easily deceiue a vulgar thought and in the clouds and mists of doubts and difficulties beguileth vsually the dimme sight and disquisition The learned Physition notwithstanding possessing true iudgement and learning who doeth and can warily obserue and distinguish first the wonders of nature vnknowne vnto euery mediocrity of knowing secondly the true wonders aboue nature in due collation with nature to be knowne doth not easily or rashly with vulgars erre or runne mad in the confusion of vaine and idle scruples The wonders of nature are such naturall diseases as are seene in their wondred and admired shapes or mixture to haue a great likenesse or deceiuing identitie with such maladies as are inflicted by the Diuell The wonders aboue nature are such diseases as are truely and vndoubtedly knowne and prooued to haue no consistence or power of consistence or cause in sublunary nature For illustation hereof I will giue one materiall instance fitting our present time that shall apertly without exception manifest the distinction of both these kinds therewith declaring the great oddes and difference betweene true knowledge and vnderstanding in the learned Physition and the amazed wonderments of vulgars and ignorant men There are vulgarly reported among our English vulgers to bee in the bodies of many Witches certaine markes or excrescencies which are vsually deemed the randevowe of the Diuell where by couenant hee doeth sucke the blood of Witches These excrescencies are vsually described to beare sometimes the shape of Warres and Teares or some other such like tumours They are most commonly found in the priuie parts They are found sudainely after their appearance sometimes to vanish They doe oft bleed and therefore are vulgarly deemed the remaining dropping of the Diuels sucking There are diseases likewise like vnto these by Physitions many hundreth of yeeres published both by ancient Physitions and Chirurgions as also by those of later times oft cured That this be not esteemed as a wonder or a fable I will produce some of their seuerall shapes described by seuerall Authors and will cite them according to their vsuall names which are these Thymion Nymphe Cleitoris Cercosis Morum Alhasce Ficus Mariscae Of the first thus saith Paulus Aegineta in his sixt booke and 71. chapter It is an excrescence or eminence standing out from the rest of the flesh sometimes red sometimes white for the most part without paine the bignesse of an Aegyptian beane and of the colours of the flowers of Thyme They are found saith he in the priuie part of women and are cured by cutting them away Ioannes Hucherus of the Citie of Beuois in France sometimes one of the Kings counsell and Physition vnto his person in his second booke concerning barrennesse doth testifie that the former excrescence doth sometimes grow in some length sometimes in the hands sometimes in the feete sometimes in the thighes sometimes in the thighes sometimes in the face but saith that they are most troublesome in the priuie parts both of man and woman Celsus saith in his first booke chap. 28. that these excrescencies doe sometimes open and bleed send out blood Thymion inquit facile finditur cruentatur nonnunquam aliquantum sanguinis fundit Antonius Musa vpon the 26. Aph. of Hippocrates the third booke testifieth by his obseruation in diuers particulars that the former disease or excrescence doth oft-times weare and vanish away without helpe or remedie The second disease or excrescence called Nymphs Paulus Aegineta in his 6. booke 8. chap. doeth describe to be a swelling or growing out of a peece of flesh in the secret part of a woman rising oft-times vnto an vndecent fashion and a great bignesse Auicenne deliuereth the same description Tom. 1. Fen. 21. Tract 4. and Albucasis Chirurg Part. 2. Chap. 72 73 74. The third excrescence called Cleitoris is little different from the former by the description of the same Authors Auicen lib. 3. Fen. 28. Paulus Aegineta in the fore-mentioned place The fourth excrescence called Cerrosis the same Author in the same place compareth vnto a long taile and saith that it hangeth downe and issueth out of the part before mentioned in women and is cured by being cut away The fift excrescence called Morum hath that name from his likenesse vnto a Mulberrie The sixt called Alkasce from his likenesse vnto a Bramble leafe Auicenne Tom. 1. lib. 3. Fen. 21. Tract 4. cap. 20. As for the seuenth and eight Excrescences growing likewise as the rest about the secret parts they haue beene so commonly in auncient times knowne that Martiall the Poet out of his owne acquaintance with them hath made sport thereof in wittie verse Dicemus ficus quas scimus in arbore nasci Dicemus ficus Caeciliane tuos Of the Mariscae thus also writeth Invenal Coeduntur tumidae medico ridente Mariscae Of these Mariscae thus saith Antonius Musa vpon the Aph. 30. lib. 3. Wee call them saith hee crests or combes from their likenesse vnto the combe of a Cocke which saith he if they bee not in time cut away and cured by actuall cauteries they are neuer cured at all Thus much concerning these diseases out of learned Authors Let vs now consider these naturall diseases which are called wonders in nature because not ordinarily or vulgarly seene with those markes of Witches or diseases and excrescencies effected and caused by the Diuell in Witches which therefore must needes
generall power of Nature he can doe nothing Therefore to conclud this point he cannot be able to commaund or compasse any generation aboue the power of Nature whose power is more vniuersall and greater then his We will then hence conclude that aboue and beyond the vniuersall Nature and course of all generation hee cannot make a true transmutation of the substance of any one creature into another It was before prooued that it is impossible for him to doe it by creation It is here manifest that he cannot doe it by any course of true generation There can be no real transmutation of one substance into another without either a creation or generation Wee will therefore conclude with the saying of Saint Augustine de Ciuitate Dei lib. 18. cap. 18. Nec sane Daemones naturas creant sed specie tenus quae à Deâ— crâ—ata sunt commutant vt videantur esse quae non sunt that is diuels cannot create any nature or substance but in iuggling shew or seeming onely whereby with false shaddowes and outward induced shapes couering those things which are created of God by these commutations they cause them to seeme that which they are not indeed Concerning other manifest iugglings and illusions of the Diuell diuers authors haue giuen diuers examples but that which aboue all the rest doth most palpably detect him herein is a history related by Ioannes Baptista Porta in his second booke De Magia naturali He there witnesseth that vpon the Diuels suggestion a Witch beleeued firmely and perswaded her selfe that all the night she had rid in the ayre ouer diuers great Mountaines and met inconuenticles of other Sorceresses when the same night the mentioned Authour himselfe with others had watched and seene her all that imagined time of her transuection in the ayre to be within her chamber profoundly sleeping yea had smitten her made her flesh blue with strokes and could not a wake her nor perswade her afterward when shee was a waked that they had so vsed her or at all had either seene or beheld her Thus preualent was the iuggling power of the Diuell S. Austine de Ciuitate Dei lib. 18. doth deliuer an History concerning the father of one Praestantius who lying in a deep traunce so profoundly that no meanes could awake him did dreame as when he awaked he did report that hee was transformed into an Asse and carried bagges or burdens of come into a campe of Souldiers At the same time in the same manner such a like Asse as hee in dreame imagined himselfe did bring such burdens into the same campe From these examples may bee iustly drawne a plaine demonstration of the Diuels palpable iuggling and illusion which also may serue for confirmation together with the reasons before annexed vnto my former answer concerning the Diuels seeming or deceitfull presentation of the reall body of Pythagoras in two distant places at once in the same point of time And from all these conioined and conferred may be truely inferred and collected that the Diuell as hee doth many supernaturall workes really so he doth many other by illusion and beguiling the imagination These his iugglings notwithstanding are things also supernaturall and tricks onely possible to Spirits and impossible to man For it is impossible to man to frame so liuely a seeming presence of man in one place that it shall not bee discerned otherwise then the very same true presence real substance which is really in another place as also to fasten such dreames as were before mentioned vpon men and according to those dreames to cause the things dreamed by the witnesse and testimony of other beholders to bee brought to passe in so liuely likenesse and similitude as cannot bee discerned and discouered otherwise then the very same that they were in dreame likewise beleeued From hence it doth also follow very necessarily that what man soeuer shall vndertake these supernaturall iuglings which are onely possible in the power of Spirits of the Diuell alone is thereby as truely conuinced to bee a Witch or Sorcerer as he that vndertaketh any of the former reall supernaturall workes or any other of the like kinde because they are both and all alike proper onely to the diuell and wherein man can haue no property or power but by and through him Let vs now then againe returne vnto the Diuels reall supernaturall performances and workes vnto Sorcerers from whence by the way of answer vnto the former doubt concerning Pythagoras his supposed realty of being at once in two places we haue hitherto onely digressed It is written as a thing vsuall vnto many famous Magicians Sorcerers and Witches vnto the view and sight of some admitted spectators to raise resemblances of the dead which seemeth a thing vndoubted by the Witch of Endor raising Samuel the Prophet vnto Saul the King before mentioned In this kinde those famous and renowned Witches Medea and Circe in old and ancient times are reported to excell Hence among the Heathen had Necromancie the reason of the name and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is diuination by calling vp or raising the dead Later times haue not been behinde former times in the record of the like but to adde reason to inforce the truth of report herein I will answer an obiection which may bee made Whether in these apparitions there be onely illusion and imagination or some thing truely and really visible vnto the outward sense As touching the reall raising of the dead it is impossible vnto the limited power of the Diuell either in the substance of body or soule to reduce or bring the dead back into this world or life or sense againe because in death by the vnchangeable and vnalterable decree of God in his holy Writ the body returneth into dust from whence it came and the Soule to God who gaue it Notwithstanding since the outward shape and figure and proportion of any substance and not the substance it selfe or creature is the true and naturall obiect of the eye according to the Philosopher who truely saith Res non videntur sed rerum species that is the substances or things themselues are not offered nor come vnto the sight but only their shape and outward figure as also for that common sense and experience doe teach vs that it is a thing absurd and impossible that all those bodies and substances which in infinite number wee dayly see and behold really and materially in their corporall substances and dimensions should be contained in the small body of the eye for these causes I say it is possible according to reason that the Diuell in these supposed apparitions of the bodies and substances of dead men may present true reall and naturall obiects certaine and assured vnto the eye and sight if hee can onely present thereto the outward liuely pourtraitures and shapes of the substances or bodies though the bodies themselues be away That the Diuell can doe this is no doubt For if
wanteth so much true iudgement as to distinguish when he doth see a certaine true obiect offered vnto his sight from without and when he is incountred onely with a resemblance thereof from within his fancie and imagination is diseased in body or minde or both and therefore is no competent Iudge or witnesse in these or any other weighty affaires For that is in health of body and in the outward organes and instruments of sense and sound in his reason iudgement and vnderstanding though sometime the fogge and mist of deceiued sense or fancy ouershadow the brightnesse of true and vndeceiued reason for a short time in him yet it cannot so perpetually eclipse it but it wil recouer his light and true splendor againe and truth will shine more excellently in the end out of that darknesse This is very liuely seene in the example of S. Peter Acts 12. verse 10.12 who at first did thinke he had onely seene the Angell which God sent vnto him to deliuer him out of bonds in a dreame or vision but when afterward he was come to himselfe and his true sense and reason hee then perfectly discerned and knew that he was reaâ—y deliuered out of prison by an Angel of God If men could not certainly discerne betweene that which they doe really see and that they falsely imagine in visions dreames and fancie then were the life of man most miserable there could be no certainty of truth no excelling in knowledge or vnderstanding All men should be a like vnable to distinguish whether we liue in dreames onely or in wakeful deed But the certaine knowledge which God hath giuen vnto mankinde in so infinite kindes and measures doth prooue the eminence of reason and vnderstanding aboue the intanglements and depression of sense and fancie There remaineth as yet another doubt which is how those things which before were mentioned to be spirituall and supernaturall can be subiect in reason vnto outward sense or be knowne thereby howsoeuer by the former examples it doth so seeme It is true that a Spirit and a Spirituall worke simply in it selfe in the owne nature and substance cannot be seene by any bodily eyes or be deprehended by any outward sense Notwithstanding as they doe mixe themselues with bodily * substances which are subiect to sense by accident Spirits and spirituall operations are certainly tryed and discouered euen vnto sense For how is it possible that a Spirit should mixe it selfe in corporall things but the discrepant nature thereof and mighty difference must produce and beget some great apparent alteration which alteration being beyond the wonted nature of the one doth prooue another superiour nature in the other For illustration hereof let vs borrow an instance from one of the forenamed manifest Sorceries Water is turned into blood by a Spirituall power The eye doth manifestly see the water and as apparently after see the blood and is a true and vndeceiued witnesse of both Reason and common sense doe know the transmutation to proceede from an inuisible power which appearing in visible bodies is by them apart seene and doth detect an inuisible Author because an immediate effect manifested to sense doth necessarily in nature prooue the immediate cause though hidden and vnknowne to sense That inuisible and spirituall things may by those things which are visible and bodily be conceiued and discerned the holy Scripture doth witnesse in these words of Saint Paul Rom. 1.20 The inuisible things of God saith he are seene by the visible things or by his workes in the creation of the world which are visible It may be here demanded since it is the propertie of the Diuell in his seeming miraculous contriuements and actions though a limited and finite obiect creature of God yet to indeauour to counterfeit and imitate the most high and mightiest workes of wonder of the infinite Creator thereby to magnifie deifie and equall himselfe vnto God in vnbeleeuing and seduced hearts Since I say this is his property how shall the fraile vnderstanding and capacitie of man distinguish the maruailes of the diuell so liuely resembled thereto from the true miracles and truly miraculous workes of God that thereby with more facility and lesse confusion industrious mindes may discouer the proper workes and acts of the Diuell and his associates Enchaunters Witches and Sorcerers First the true miracles of God being transcendent aboue all created power and the immediate effects only of a creating vertue Almighty God for his sole good will and pleasure doth vsually and euer dispense by the hands and through the administration of holy men Prophets and Apostles manifestly called of God Secondly the end and scope of Gods miracles directly and mainely ayme and are bent at the glory of God and the benefit of his people not vnto any priuate end any particular vaine end tending to satisfaction of priuate lusts and curiositie For this cause the holy Apostles vsed the gift of miracles not vnto any other ends then vnto the confirmation of that holy Gospel which they preached and published from God neither did they therein ascribe ought vnto their own praise or glory but solely vnto the praise and glory of God and the good of his Church That this was their true end and ought to be the scope and end of all that receiue the power of miracles from God Saint Paul doth witnesse and teach 1. Cor. chap. 12. verse 4 5 6 7. Now there are saith he diuersities of gifts but the same Spirit and there are diuersities of administrations but the same Lord and there are diuersities of operations but God is the same which worketh all in all But the manifestation of the Spirit is giuen to euery man to profit withall It is from hence manifest that if any miracles proceede from God as Author they are dispensed by men sanctified by God and who can and are able to prooue and iustifie their warrant from God as also that these men of God doe solely professe and bend them vnto the glory of God and the weale of his Church This then is the square and infallible rule by which all miracles doe stand or fall and are approoued either to be of God or conuinced to be of Diuels Let vs then conclude this point with that excellent and diuine saying of Theophilact vpon the 9. chap. of S. Luke Praedicatio miraculis miracula praedicatione sanciuntur Multi enim saepe miracula ediderunt per Daemones sed ecrum doctrina non erat sana quamobrem earum miracula non extiterunt a Deo That is the word of God doth establish and confirme the truth of miracles and miracles ratifie and confirme the authoritie and truth of the word For many haue done miracles by the power of the Diuell but their doctrine was corrupt and not found and therefore their miracles were not of God Wheresoeuer therefore miracles or supernaturall workes shall dare to shew their heads not contained within those limits or compasse that is neither prooued
memorable and famous Witches not onely in these shapes and formes shrowded which are here mentioned but in many other Besides those kinds therefore which here the holy Scripture hath nominated let vs take a short view of some other which are in other shapes found since all are in their common kinde and nature the same It is no strange thing that in the shape and vnder the precense of Astrologie some men haue hidden sorcerous practise and performing vnder the colour thereof such things as were onely in the power of Spirits haue thereby cleerely manifested that they deriued and borrowed them of Spirits Saxo Grammaticus in his historie de rebus Danicis doth make mention of a sort of Wizards who would vndertake for gaine to foretell the certaine state and constitution of weather to come so assuredly that they would vsually fell vnto Marchants prosperous and fortunate windes when by aduerse and opposite gales they were deteyned from their intended voyage This kinde of Sorcerer may very rightly be referred vnto that which in Deuter. 18. verse 10. is noted by a regarder of times which perhaps may also not vnaptly be vnderstood a Magicall Astrologer His performance aboue the nature and power of his Art of that which is onely in the power of a Spirit doth both detect the Diuell to be chiefe Author of the workes and the other to be also guilty to the worke That the professors of Astrologie haue in former ages vnto Astrologie ioyned this diuellish skill and custome as also other kinds of Diabolicall Diuinations plainely doth appeare First by the word of God Daniel 2. verse 2. wherewith the Astrologers the Caldeans Magicians Sorcerers and Enchanters are conioyned Secondly it doth appeare by the Lawes which by the Romane Emperours were prouided against them ioyntly together with Caldeans Magicians and Southsayers The words of one ancient Law are Nemo Aruspicem consulat aut Mathematicum nemo Ariolum Caldeum Magum that is let it be enacted or ordered that no man aske counsell of a South-sayer a Mathematician an Astrologer a Caldean a Magician Dion in the 27. booke of Historie doth make mention of Astrologers who by diuellish skill practised and vsed to send the Diuell to present dreames vnto men in their sleepe for which cause Tiberius the Emperour reuenged himselfe vpon such Astrologers though otherwise himselfe a great friend and louer of Astrologie Sir Christopher Heydâ— in his defence of iudiciall Astrologie doth out of Osâ—ander recite this distinction of Astrologie Astrologia pura qua nihil habet de Magiâ— that is Astrologie that is not mixed noâ— intermidieth with Magicke Whereby is necessarily concluded that Astrology may be and sometimes is impure and defiled with Magicke and Sorcerie In other places of the same worke he maketh a difference betweene Astrologers simply and such as with Astrologie ioyned Magicke And out of Brentius he reciteth these words Non negat Hierimias caâ— partem Astrologiae quae sequitur manifestas natura rationes that is the Prophet Ieremy doth not deny or condemne that part of Astrologie which is guided by manifest reason or cause in nature Hereby then is vnauoidably concluded that the Prophet of God condemneth that part of Astrologie which exceedeth causes and reason in nature and that necessarily must needs be Sorcery and Magicke As it is not obscure that some men vnder the colour of Astrologie haue practised Magicke and Sorcery so is it no lesse euident that many others vnder the pretense of aduising and counselling in Physicke For curation or Prognostication of diseases haue likewise exercised the same diuellish practise That this hath beene no new vpstare custome the multitude of diseases which ancient times doe register to haue beene cured by enchaunted Spels and words and Magicke skill doeth plentifully witnesse The most ancient father of all Physicke and Physicions the incomparable worthy founder of Method and Art Hippocrates Dioscorides Theophrastus with other succeeding Ancients doe generally all acknowledge the force and power of Magicall curation Galen in his younger time gaue no credit thereto but in the more aged experience of right obseruation he doeth acknowledge it I will not stuffe this small Treatise with the particular citation of euery Author Later Physicians also of the best and most choise note doe herein with former ages consent and concurre and experience doeth confirme trueth in both Whosoeuer is acquainted with bookes and reading shall euery where meete a world of the wonders of cures by wordes by lookes by signes by figures by characters and ceremonious rites As what the practise of former ages hath beene is manifest so what our age and later time doeth herein afford is almost no where in this kingdome obscure The neerest vnto that impudence which herein this our time doeth produce and set foorth is that history of a Germane Witch reported in the Maâ—etis Maleficarum There was as the Author of that worke saith sometime a Sorceresse in Germany who vsually cured not onely all that were bewitched but all kinde of diseased people so farre beyond all power or course of Art and Nature and with such facility that all vse of the Art of Physicke or of Physicions was altogether for a time neglected and forsaken while people from all Countries both neere and remote in such numbers and frequence resorted vnto her that the Gouernour of that Countrey imposing vpon euery man one penny that resorted vnto her thereby raised himselfe a mighty treasure What others among the most ancient Author that are not Physicians doe publish concerning the power of incantations in the curing of diseases is needlesse to write Hee that hath read any few lines of old Homer or of diuers other aged Poets shall finde plentifull record hereof Herodatus is not silent herein But to omit all their needlesse testimonies Physicians of these last times of the most eminent note and worth whose pennes are yet scarce dâ—ie doe witnesse the trueth hereof from their owne knowledge fight and experience Aboue the rest Ferâ—â—iâ— de Abditis nerâ— causis is worthy any mans paines or view Let vs now lastly see what may bee collected out of the booke of God concerning the power of the Diuell in curing diseases from whom all these inferiour Agents Witches and Sorcerers doe deriue their power and skill If it bee in his power where God doeth permit to induce diseases it must needes bee in his power to cease or calme diseases because both causing and curing consist in the vertue and force of the same meanes Hee therefore that knoweth how and by â—hat cause the disease is induced doeth necessarily vnderstand that by the remouall of that cause it is cured and according to that rule can equally as well by remouall of that cause cure as by the induction of the cause bring sickenesse For this reason it is a maxiâ— in Physicke infallible that he is the most excellent Physician who knoweth best the causes of diseases
Impostors concerning the sick supposed to be bewitched may inquire and be better satisfied by the light of Reason which God hath giuen vnto them Reason doth detect the sicke to be afflicted by the immediate supernaturall power of the Diuell two wayes The first way is by such things as are subiect and manifest vnto the learned Physicion onely the second is by such things as are subiect and manifest vnto a vulgar view Those things which are manifest vnto the Physition alone are of two sorts The first is when in the likenesse and similitude of a disease the secret working of a supernaturall power doth hide it selfe hauing no cause or possbilitie of being in that kinde or nature The second is when naturall remedies or meanes according vnto Art and due discretion applyed doe extraordinarily or miraculously either lose their manifest ineuitable nature vse and operation or else produce effects and consequences against or aboue their nature the impossibilitie of either of these in vsuall or ordinarie course of nature doth certainely prooue an infallibilitie of a superiour nature which assuredly therefore must needs be either Diuine or Diabolicall This conclusion concerning the infallibilitie of a supernaturall mouer from the like assumption the learned and worthy preseruer of reuerent antiquitie Master Camden in his description of Cheshire hath truely inferred vpon the miraculous prelusions and presages euer and prepetually forerunning the death of the heyres of the house or family of the Briertons These and such like things saith he are done either by the holy tuteler Angels of men or else by Diuels who by Gods permission mightily shew their power in this inferiour world Whensoeuer therefore the Physition shall truly discouer a manifest transcending power manner or motion in any supposed disease there is an vndoubted conclusion of the Author Where likewise remedies finde concomitances or consequences contrary to their nature or such as neuer were nor euer can be contingent in course of nature this assumption truly granted doth inuincibly inferre a transcendent force and vertue therein neuer to be denied The Demonstration hereof is euident A proper cause is certainely knowne where is detected his proper effect Ergo where is effected ought supernaturall there is infallibly discouered a supernaturall cause Thus how diseases and the wonderfull accidents which oft happen in diseases may be by the Physicion detected according vnto the rule of reason whether induced by the Diuell or no is briefely pointed at How the guilt of any man therein with the Diuel which doth onely conuince a Witch may and ought appeare hath beene before declared and shall likewise hereafter be further made cleare It will not now be immateriall or vnprofitable for confirmation illustration and better proofe of those two waies which are distinguished to be onely subiect and manifest vnto the Physicion in the detection of the secret workes of Diuels and Witches in diseases to produce one or two examples of both Concerning the first Fernelius in his 2. booke De Abd. Rer. causis chap. 16. deliuereth a history of a yong man of a noble family who was by a violent convulsion in an extraordinary manner long time tormented Diuers learned Physicions remained long time doubting and vnsatisfied both in the cause of this disease as also of the seate or place where the cause with any sufficient reason might be iudged setled Behold very pregnant inducements of the finger of the Diuell moouing in the disease One was the incredible velocitie of motion in the diseased impossible vnto the force of man the other was for that in all the fits and convulsions though very strong and vehement his sense and vnderstanding remained in the diseased perfect and nothing obscured or interrupted which in convulsions according vnto naturall causes was neuer seene and is impossible The force of these reasons to euince the presidence of the Diuell in the manner and motion of the fore-named disease the Diuell himselfe did shortly after iustifie declaring and professing himselfe the Author thereof in plainly expressed words In the fore-named booke and chapter there is another report or relation of a man sudainly surprised with an extraordinarie fashion or shape of madnesse or phrensie wherein he vttered and reuealed things hidden and of profound Science and reuelation not onely aboue the pitch and power of naturall capacitie and the stimulation thereof in diseases contingent and the forgerie of fained extasie but really in true and vpright iudgement and vnpartiall discerning of a Physition beyond all question and exception supernatuall The sequele after made it good These examples are sufficient vnto men that are wise and with whom reason hath authoritie I doe not affect vnaduised multiplication herein suspecting many histories and reports of diuers Authors The possibilitie of those which are here produced beside the vnstained credit of the Author is apertly confirmed by the holy Scripture where in the Lunatike the Diuell manifested himselfe by actions onely proper and appropriate vnto the power of a Spirit such was his casting the Lunatike into the fire and into the water his violent â—ending and tearing him which were things by the Physition iudiciously distinguished in most part impossible vnto the power and nature of the Lunatike himselfe or of his disease alone though not all The man possessed among the Gaedarens Matth. 8. Mark 5. Luke 8. likewise doth establish the same who was knowne and seene euidently by the Physition how farre simply or solely diseased and how farre possessed beyond diseased extasies by those vndoubted workes and that finger of the Diuell when he easily brake in peeces those yron chaines wherewith the Lunatike was bound so that no force thereof whatsoeuer could hold or binde him as also when he vttered and spake that more then humane vnderstanding and reuelation of Iesus Christ to be the Sonne of God a knowledge as yet vncommunicated vnto mankinde and vnto reason impossible Concerning the second way of detection subiect vnto the Physition alone namely when naturall remedies aptly applyed are attended with supernaturall consequences contrary to their nature or aboue the same out of the former Author and fore-named place there is an example also without farther straggling of vnquestioned estimation A certaine man there mentioned vehemently burning and thirsting and by intolerable heate compelled to seeke any mitigation or extinction of his heate and thirst in want of drinke or other fitting liquor happened to finde an Apple in the moisture and naturall iuice whereof hoping the vsuall short refreshing of the tongue he after the first tasting thereof immediately found not onely that which was contrary to the nature of an Apple greater burning and thirst then before but had instantly his mouth and iawes so fast closed and sealed vp thereby that he hardly escaped strangling The reasonable doubt of the latitation of the Diuell in this faire harmelesse and vsuall remedie of the tongues thirst and drines was afterward made more euident and manifest by the sudaine and swift
multiplicitie of consideration and circumspection ought diligently attend the intricate maze and labyrinth of error and illusion in their deceiueable likenesses whereby the Diuell for his owne aduantage and the perdition of seduced and beguiled men doth sometimes cunningly hide his owne workes and the diuellish practises of Witches and Sorcerers from their due detection and punishment sometimes to insnare the guiltlesse and innocent doth iugglingly seeme to doe those things which Nature doth iustly challenge not as his but as her owne in iust ballance weighed It is most certaine that the Diuell cannot possibly mixe himselfe or his power with any inferiour nature substance or body but the alteration by the coniunction of so farre discrepant natures in the vnchangeable decree of the vniuersall nature of all things necessarily and vnauoidably produced must needs witnesse and manifestly detect it in the great and mighty oddes This is very euident and apparent in all the supernaturall workes of the Diuell before mentioned in the generall discourse of this small Treatise or worke whether such as were declared manifest to sense or such as were euident to reason whether such as were effected by the Diuell himselfe with the consent or contract of a Sorcerer or Witch or such as were without their knowledge societie or contract performed by himselfe All those supernaturall workes of both these kinds were therefore knowne to be supernaturall because they were aboue and beyond any cause in sublunary nature The like the learned Physician may certainly conclude concerning diseases inflicted or mooued by the Diuell For it is impossible that the finger or power of the Diuell should be in any maladie but such a cause must needs produce some effect like it selfe where true and iudicious discerning is able to finde the infallible certaine and vndeceiued stampe of difference Thus farre hath bin briefely declared how the Physician properly and by himselfe doth alone enter into the due consideration and examination of diseases where is iust occasion of question whether naturally or supernaturally inferred How vnfit it is here to admit euery idiot for a Physician or Counsellor as is too common both in these and all other affaires of health let wise men iudge Certainely from hence it commeth to passe that most men for euer liue in perpetuall confusion of their thoughts in these cases and as a iust iudgement of God against their carelesse search and neglect of learned and warranted true counsel all certainety and truth herein doth still fly farre from them For as in these ambiguities is requisite and necessary a learned iudicious and prudent Physician so is it as necessary that he finde those that neede herein aduice truely and constantly obedient vnto good reason temperate and discreete not mutable vpon euery vaine and idle proiect to start away and to bee transported from a reasonable iust discreete proceeding vnto vncertaine vaine and Empiricall tryals since wisdome knowledge and truth are neuer truely found but onely of those that with diligence patience and perseuerance search and seeke them out It remaineth now to come vnto the second way of detection of the bewitched sicke which was before said to consist in such things as were subiect and manifest vnto a vulgar viewe as the first vnto the learned Physician alone As of the first some few examples haue been propounded so of the latter let vs also viewe other some In the time of their puroxismes or fits some diseased persons haue beene seene to vomit crooked iron coales brimstone nailes needles pinnes lumps of lead waxe hayre strawe and the like in such quantity figure fashion and proportion as could neuer possibly passe downe or arise vp thorow the naturall narrownesse of the throar or be contained in the vnproportionable small capacity naturall susceptibility and position of the stomake These things at any time happening are palpable and not obscure to any eye without difficulty offering themselues to plaine and open viewe These like accidents Beninenius Wierus Codronchins and others also euen in in our time and countrey haue published to haue been seene by themselues Some other sicke persons haue in the time of the exacerbations of their fits spoken languages knowingly and vnderstandingly which in former time they did neuer knowe nor could afterward know againe as Fernelius a learned Physition and beyond exception worthy credit doth witnesse concerning a Sicke man knowne to himselfe Some Sicke men also haue reuealed and declared words gestures actions done in farre distant places euen in the very time and moment of their acting doing and vttering as I haue knowne my selfe in some and as is testified likewise to haue beene heard knowne and seene by diuers witnesses worthy credit in our country in diuers bewitched Sicke people As these examples are manifest to any beholder which shall at any time happen to view them so are the examples of the first and second kinde euident to the reason and iudgement of the learned and iudicious Physicion and all doe therefore certainely detect and prooue a supernaturall Author cause or vertue because they are manifest supernaturall effects Thus haue we pointed out briefely the detection of the bewitched Sicke both by learned Reason proper vnto the iudicious Physicion and also by common sense and reason in all men If men more at large please to exercise themselues in due consideration and proofe hereof they shall finde more certaine and sound satisfaction and fruit with the blessing and allowance of God then can issue out of the mouthes of Sorcerers and Witches which God hath cursed and disallowed and in whose hearts and mouthes the Diuell is oft a lying Spirit It hath been briefely and yet sufficiently herein proued that Almightie God hath giuen vnto Reason light whereby reasonable temperate and sober minds through circumspect care and diligence may see and behold whatsoeuer is truely possible or iust for man to know with the fauour and allowance of Gods grace in the detection and discouery of the bewitched Sicke Whosoeuer therefore shall contemne or neglect this light and shall aske counsell of Diuels and Witches the open and proclaimed enemies of God doe certainely relinquish their faith and trust in God their Creator and their patience and dependance vpon his prouidence And although it may somtimes fall out that prosperous issue doth seeme to follow the counsell of the Diuell yet doth it behoone men to be wary and not presume lest it prooue onely a sweete baite that by a sensible good the diuell may draw their bewitched desirous vaine minds vnto an insensible damnable hurt For certainly he who will rather be beholding vnto the Diuell for his life or health then chuse to die in the gracious and mercifull hand of God his Creator can neuer expect to participate any portion of saluation in him without extraordinary repentance Thus much concerning the reasonable discouery of the bewitched Sicke wherein leauing to enquire at Witches Sorcercers or impostors vpright men that loue or feare God
is a speciall seruice and acceptable duty vnto God expressely commanded by himselfe Deut. 17.3 4 5. In the performance therefore of this worship as it is solely and truely religious to seeke their extermination by those meanes and in that manner which Almightie God doth approue and allow so with misgouerned zeale or feare in the ignorance or neglect of the right manner or way inconsiderately to follow vnwarranted pathes thereto is plaine Superstition Iulius Scaliger in his third booke of Poetrie thus describeth very liuely the nature of Superstition Superstitio satisfacit ad notandum eum habitum quo metuimus aut Deum sine ratione aut ei opera attribuimus quae opera ne cogitauit quidem vnquam ille that is this word Superstition doth serue to set forth such an habit or disposition of minde wherein wee worship or so feare God as is voide of cause or reason or vnto our owne hurt or damage we attribute vnto God as of God those workes or things which Almighty God himselfe neuer thought or intended The word which the Greekes vse for Superstition is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 inconsulta absurda diuinae potentiae formido that is an absurd and ill-aduised feare or worship of God which certainely is there where he neither requireth it nor is true cause or reason either of such worship or in such sort or manner In this speciall part therefore of the worship and feare of God namely in the discouery of Witch-craft and Sorcery as wee haue before laboured to finde out those waies which are lawfull iustifiable and allowed so let vs now briefely display the folly and vanity of erroneous and blind pathes pointing deceitfully thereto that we seeke not superstitiously to serue God in our inioyned and commanded duties of the discoueries of Witches with our owne vanities or follies rash inuentions or deuices but in reasonable iust discreete and religious proceeding which is onely and solely acceptable with God In former ages and times haue been published by diuers writers many ridiculous traditions herein so vaine and so farre vnworthy any serious confutation that they scarce deserue so much as bare mention Of this sort are the imagined profligations of the fits of the bewitched by beholding the face of a Priest by being touched by hallowed ointments or liniments by the vertue of exorcisation of incense of odours of certaine mumbled sacred or misticall words I will therefore omit these as by time it selfe worne exolete found worthlesse and almost of later writers left namelesse and will onely oppose and examine such later experiments as doe in our time and country most preuaile in esteeme CHAP. XIIII The casting of Witches into the water Scratching Beating Pinching and drawing of blood of Witches IT is vulgarly credited that the casting of supposed Witches bound into the water and the water refusing or not suffering them to sinke within her bosome or bowels is an infallible detection that such are Witches If this experiment be true then must it necessarily so be either as a thing ordinary or as a thing extraordinary because nothing can happen or fall out that is not limited within this circuit or compasse That which is ordinary is naturall as likewise that which is natural is ordinary Aristotle in the second of his Ethickes saith of that which is naturall quod aliter non assurscit that is ordinarily it is not otherwise then euer the same From whence it doth follow by good consequent that whatsoeuer is ordinary must be naturall because it keepeth the same course and order which is the property of nature For this cause Scaliger in his booke de subtilitate saith Natura est ordinaria Dei potestas that is nature is the ordinary power of God in the ordinary course and gouernment of all things If then this experiment in the tryall of Witches be as a thing ordinary as it is vulgarly esteemed it must be found likewise naturall If it cannot be found naturall it cannot be ordinary That it is not nor cannot be naturall is manifest First for that the ordinary nature of things senselesse and voide of reason doth not distinguish one person from another vertue from vice a good man from an euill man This our Sauiour himselfe doth confirme Math. 5. verse 45. God maketh his sunne to arise on the euill and the good and sendeth raine on the iust and vniust Nay we may further obserue in the booke of God and also reade in the booke of nature and common experience that the common benefit of nature is not onely vouchsafed vnto all wicked men indifferently but euen vnto Diuels themselues who doe not onely participate in nature the common essence faculties and powers proper vnto the substance and nature of all other Spirits but also doe exercise these powers and spirituall forces vsually vpon other inferiour natures subiect vnto their supernaturall nature reach and efficacy as is often seene in their workes euen vpon the bodies and goods of the blessed Saints and sonnes of God Hereby then is euident that nature cannot take notice or distinguish a wicked man no not a Diuell and therefore much lesse a Witch But here may be obiected that diuers herbs and other simples produce many strange and wondered effects by an hidden secret and occult qualitie and property in nature though there appeare no manifest qualitie oft-times in them by which in reason or probabilitie they should or can bee effectuall thereto This Physicions doe dayly witnesse and prooue true Why then may not there bee likewise yeelded the like hidden power or antipatheticall vertue in the nature of the element of water and thereby a Witch bee detected as well without knowne cause or reason thereof in nature notwithstanding naturally the euils or diseases both of body and minde are both detected and cured by elementary substances or compositions in which there is no manifest knowne proportion therewith It is truly answered that although in this supposed experiment of the disposition of the element of water towards Witches casualty may haply sometimes seeme to iustifie it true yet is not this sufficient to euince it a thing naturall Those things which are naturall necessarily and euer produce their effect except some manifest or extraordinary interception or impediment hinder Thus fire doth necessarily ordinarily and alwaies burne and consume any combustible matter or fuell being added thereto except either some manifest or extraordinary hindrance oppose it The like may be saide of all other elements for their naturall effects in their proper obiects Naturall medicines likewise if rightly accommodated with prudence art and discretion vnto the right disease doe neuer faile their vsuall productions or effects This Almighty God in his holy writ doth confirme and long and aged experience of many hundreths of yeares hath successiuely witnessed wherein the ancient records of all learned writers haue euer testified innumerable medicinal herbs and drugges certainely and truely to bee euer the same Present times doe likewise see