collecting it by sensible Experiment the surest of Guides to convince those who oppugne and resolve the Doubting which he hath largely shewn 3. Because the Anatomical Disquisition of the Pancreas and its Juyce is omitted by Sylvius in the first part of his Praxis as not pertinent to his present Scope which omission this Book supplies and to which the said Sylvius in a manner refers his Readers So that he which deliberately reads this Book will be thereby highly inducted to the Vnderstanding of the Doctrines and Notions of the most Learned Sylvius concerning the Pancreatick Juyce throughout his whole Writings as they relate to diverse Diseases and Affections of the Body of Man The second Commodity I shall propound is That this Book doth most Indubitably contain the certain Causes of all Agues or Intermitting Feavers with their true and effectual Rules of Curation It is a wonder to see the many Books which have been written concerning Agues and Feavers perhaps as many as there are Old Womens Medicines for the cure thereof and the great Diversity of Opinions concerning their Causes and differences so that for a man exercised with a tedious Ague to call a Councel of Physitians to his Assistance usually received no more Relief than a Criminal Person doth by the Verdict of a Jury which delivers him from Prison either to Death or Banishment Which hath formerly enrolled this Disease in the Catalogue of those which were wont to be termed Opprobrium Medicorum the Reproach of Physitians Neither in my Judgment is it greatly to be wondered at that Physitians were wont to have no better success in the Cure of this Disease seeing they were involved in so many Vncertainties about the Seat and Cause thereof some assigning the Seat to be in the Blood in general others in some perticular Parts of the Vessels where the Blood happened to be stagnant others in the Meseraick Veines others in the Guts and perticularly in the Colon and several other Conceits as if they went about to gain the Knowledge of the true Seat Arithmetically by the rule of false Position Then again as to the Causes and Reasons of Differences whilst they ascribed them to the Four Humours viz. Blood Choler Phlegme and Melancholy and their different Degrees of Mistion and Putre-Faction they ran upon such Rocks as constantly ship-wracked the Barks of their Opinions For still as they endeavoured to solve one difficulty that would arise they caused the Rise of another But this Author's Hypothesis being so free from all Intricacies and Difficulties renders it agreeable to Truth I have yet further to say in the behalf of its Certainty that is the Consequence of Curation which although every single Cure of a Disease doth not indeed declare the Administrator of the Medicine to have a certain Intelligence of the Cause of the Disease yet when a Distemper shall be certainly cured at divers times in different Persons and with different Medicaments alwayes from the Notions Doctrines and Considerations of the same Cause that surely is a certain Argument that the Cause is known And this I my self have oft-times done even to Admiration by removing Ague-Fits in a few dayes space and never yet failing of the Cure of any kind of Ague whether Quotidian Tertian or Quartan with their Compounds and am yet by God's blessing ready at any time to undertake the cure of the worst Ague-Fits that are which Aquisition I acknowledge I owe to this Author I am able also to perform the same in those deplorable Fits commonly called The Fits of the Mother I have instanced this not out of boasting but to shew the certainty and excellency of the Doctrine of the Pancreatick Juyce and to excite the Reader to a serious Contemplation and Observation thereof There is yet a Third Vtillity of this Book which is That it refutes several Errours in Physick and Anatomy many of which in times past have been received for certain Truths and some of them perhaps yet remaining the Principle whereof relate to the Pancreas or Sweet-Bread and to the Nervous Juyce concerning which I shall say no more but commit you to the things themselves as they shall occur by reading I have nothing more to say but to beg the Readers kind Acceptance and withall to mind him of the Difficulty of things of this Nature especially when an Author writes in such a style as de Graaf hath done that if he meet with any Errours committed by me I hope he will the more easily pass them by as not being Intentional and I presume not Essentiall If I find this be kindly accepted it will encourage me to serve my Country with some-what of my own more at large I do expect to be censured and snarled at by some for as Erasmus saith Nihil morosius Hominum Judiciis there is nothing more peevish than Mens Judgments I shall easily dispense with it being of a peacable Spirit And as I have professed to do this for a Publick Good so I also declare that I have been void of Prejudice therein to all Mens Persons and Interests being only desirous of the Propogagation of all Laudable Science whilest I am Christ Pack From my House at the Signe of the Globe and Chymical-Furnaces in the Postern near Moor-Gate Feb. 2d 1675 6. AN INDEX OF THE CHAPTERS CHap. I. An exact Description of the Pancreas or Sweet-Bread before which some things are put concerning the necessity of Anatomy and its Increase Chap. II. The Opinions of divers Authors concerning the Use of the Pancreas Examined Chap. III. How or in what manner the Pancreatick Juyce is found Chap. IV. The Qualities of the Pancreatick Juyce are described in a plain division of the Glandules of the whole Body is shewed that the Pancreatick Juyce is not Excrementious in like manner how it is generated Chap. V. The Liquor of the Glandules is Demonstrated to be necessary and that the Pancreatick Juyce doth ferment with the Bile Chap. VI. What that Fermentation is in the Sound and in the Sick and what benefit accrews to the Body thereby Chap. VII The Diseases by which the Substance of the Pancreas and its Juyce may be molested Chap. VIII The Functions which are vitiated by the Pancreas or its ill disposed Juyce Chap. IX The Diseases arising from the Vitiation of the Pancreatick Juyce Chap. X. How the vitiated Pancreatick Juyce may be corrected Chap. XI A Discourse of Intermitting Feavers ERRATA Sic Corrigenda PAge 20 line 1 read Months p. 23 l. 9 r Pancreas l. ultim r. Aliment p. 32 l. 2 r. into the Ductus p. 35 l. 4 r. but not except the Spirits were dissipated p. 42 l. 32 r. Faculties p. 43 l. 1 r. imbibe p. 56 l. 11 r. strictly l. 31 r. Preternatural p. 63 l. 1 r. in the Temples p. 91 l. 7 r. Plethora p. 92. l. 18 r. Intermitions p. 97 l. 15 r Ventricle p 98 l 21 r abounds p. 124 l 12 for thirty r thirteen p 131 l
Pancreatick Juyce being driven to the Intestines in a lesser quantity will not sufficiently free the Gutts from the superfluous Humidity in them and so will occasion many Obstructions as the Learned R. Lower who judgeth this juyce to be ordained by Nature to cleanse the Chyle he writeth in his Treatise of the Heart Chap. 5. page 215. that by the defect thereof he hath observed Obstructions of the Venae Lacteae in these very words It seems to me most true that that great Glandule namely the Pancreas is seated in that place and that Ductus to be opened into the Intestines that the Lympha for so he calleth the Pancreatick Juyce being there separated may be mixed with the descending Chyle whereby it may more readily enter and more expeditely pass through the narrow Channel of the Lactean Veins and indeed the Chyle in the Milkey Vessels either because of its crascitie or for want of potulent Liquor which ought to be for its Vehicle may sometimes be apt to be stagnant and so concrete and by the same reason to stop and altogether fill up those Vessels as in a Dog whose Pancreas was obdurated I once observed Neither also will it sufficiently promote the Natural and due Separation of the Chyle from the Excrements and that especially if the Aliments be more dry or of a more difficult Fermentation Hence necessarily follows a diminished Nutrition of the whole body as also a universal Languishing so that such may rather be said to draw Life than to live But the Pancreatick Juice being separated in a larger quantity and brought to the Intestines will as it were pare off not only their superfluous Pituity but also that necessary part which should defend them from Injuries like a Curry-Comb and besides it will separate more than it ought from the assumed Aliments so that sometimes the unprofitable and excrementitious parts together with the profitable may be conveyed to the Mass of Blood sometimes only the profitable Parts but in a larger quantity than they should may be carryed by the same wayes From whence if here we say a Pethora will happen and thence a Cacochymy Who can overthrow our Assertions More-over we think that the Lancionations in the left Hypocondria first molested by courses do proceed from too great a quantity of the Bile and Pancreatick Juyce separated from the Blood by a more vehement Motion of the Body and the stirring up a greater Effervescency For it is most certain that Running or any other vehement Exercise of the Body doth accelerate the Motion of the Blood through the whole Body which seeing it is the cause of the Separation of these or other Humours then it is also necessary that those Humours be deposited into the Guts in a greater plenty which being separated in a Natural Quantity and Quality if as we have already proved they may excite a natural and friendly Effervescency to Nature may not the contrary happen when they are otherwise disposed by exciting an Effervescency greater and troublesome to Nature After a wonderful manner doth that place confirm this our Opinion in which those paines are perceived by course and very ordinarily though unjustly are ascribed to the Spleen because the Spleen is not in that place where those pains do in us excite a Molestation but hath its seat more down-wards because in that place those paines do manifest themselves in the Anteriour part of the Hypocondria where the thin Gut M emerging under the Mesentery N doth lye by the Peritonaeum as is to be seen in the first Table where we have Delineated to the Life the Scituation of that Intestine The inequal separation of the Succus Pancreaticus and propulsion thereof to the Intestines produceth various Mutations in the Guts and else-where concerning the suddain Happening of which no man will ever assigne a fit Reason who will not give heed to those things Hence we think to be deduced the suddain Deliquiums of the Wind sometimes advening erratick Feavers intermitious of Pulses c. The Pancreatick Juice being more fluid will more dilute the Pituity of the Guts and perhaps sometimes occasion the Flux of the Belly especially if it be conjoyned with a Salsitude by whose acrimony the Guts are provoked to their Contraction and unless that Flux of the Belly follow the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts it will necessarily express a greater Quantity of Chyle into the Venae Lacteae from whence the same incommodities will arise which we have deduced from the Pancreatick Juyce separated in too large a Quantity The more Viscid Pancreatick Juice concreting by the least external Cold will occasion Obstructions as also intermitting Feavers and likewise astringe the Belly Concerning the sensible Qualities and first of the Rellish there is sometimes produced a Pancreatick juyce less acid from whence there is neither a due Effervescency in the Duodenum and therefore not a necessary Separation of the profitable parts from the unprofitable nor a desired Consistency bestowed on the Blood and therefore they in whom such Blood is have been less able to resist Pestilential Venom than those in whom by the laudable Acidity of their Pancreatick Juice have also a more Laudable and greater Consistency of their Blood Hence the reason is also clear Why Melancholly Men are less afflicted with the Plague than those who are endued with a Bilious blood For we think that no man may be infected with the Plague so long as the Natural consistency of his blood is preserved We assert this the more freely because we see the blood in all persons infected with the Plague to be altered and obtain a far more fluid consistency So that if sometimes by chance Negligence Ignorance or any other urging Cause as for example too great a Plethory spitting of blood bringing a present danger to Life let a Vein be opened the blood flowing out although refrigerated nevertheless is in no wise coagulated neither can it acquire a due consistency even as sometimes is wont to happen to the animal Spirits being loosed from their Fetters and dissipated from the acidity existing in the blood wherefore also such a blood by divers Practitioners is called putrid We commonly say because it may so happen that the whole Mass of blood not as yet equally infected the laudible part of the blood in the cutting of a Vein may only flow out the blood remaining in the body being depraved the which thing Practitioners daily observe to happen in Venae-Section we do not only think with other Practitioners that the blood remains fluid without the bodies of those who are infected with the Plague but do also affirm the like fluidity in the bodies of those extinguished by the Pest as we have learned by Experience which perhaps may seem strange to those who know not the Nature of volatile Salts but not so to us who have very often mingled it with the blood and the blood always remained fluid the which cannot be certainly expected from the commixture
they call Stuypiens doth proceed from the said more Acid Pancreatick Juyce who hath accurately attended to those Invasions and the Symptomes accompanying them and the way of Cure For besides that Acidity which doth very often breath through the Mouth they suffer the Gripings of the Belly the Milk may likewise be perceived to be concreted both upwards and downwards the Excrements of the belly are more Green and give forth a sharp Odour they are also cured by the tempering of Acidity as for Example with Aqua Feniculi Aqua Lilliorū Conuallium Spir. Salis Armoniaci c. The same more Acid Pancratick Juyce carryed to the blood through the Lactean Veines will give it a greater Consistency whence the Blood less Rarifying will produce a lesser Pulse From which Vice highly exceeding we judge a Syncope sometimes to be produced which is not a little confirmed by that Example which Lazarus Riverius relates in Lib. VIII Fol. 358. of his Practice concerning that Syncope which P. Salius as he reports Lib. De Afect Practic Cap. IV. observed in a Girle of 14 Years of Age Who after a dayes suffering of Heaviness of the Head Vertigo and grievous Anxieties the day following suddainly dyed Afterwards her Body being diffected the whole blood in the great Artery and the Vena Cava appeared to be Concreted and so changed that it might intirely be drawn out from the Vein and Artery even as a Sword out of its Scabbard Concerning which thing if any doubt either by ours or others Examples let him take an acid Liquor and pour it by degrees into the Vein of any Living Dog and he shall not only observe the Blood therein to be so Coagulated and Concreted that the greater bloody Vessels may be transversly cut without the Effusion of the blood but also when the acid Liquor shall come in a notable Quantity to the right Ventricle of the Heart that it will presently extinguish and kill the Dog Also no man will deny that Convulsions for the most part proceed from an Internal Cause from the Acrimony of Humours irritating the Nerves and causing by a greater Influx of the animal Spirits into the Muscles Involuntary and also Violent Motions But when there is a two fold Acrimony of Humours viz. Acid and Salt some perhaps may doubt which of these do most frequently produce those Convulsive Motions But for as much as we can observe they rather proceed from an acid Acrimony than a Salt because we see that Aromatick Medicaments and those abounding with a Volatile Salt do very much conduce to their Cure which would never come to pass if they drew their Original from a Saline Acrimony Besides they are accompanyed with such Symptomes which are wont to be the Concomitants of Diseases arising from an acid Acrimony Yea the Effects of Acids are allowed to be far more powerful as is to be seen in Helmont De Lithiasi Cap. 9. Pag. 725. § 71. where he relates that he saw a Chymist which after he had been much Conversant about making of Aqua Regia he fell into the Palpitation of the Heart Convulsions and many other Incredible Dolours by reason of the acid Exhalations which mingled themselves with his Blood From the same Acidity we stedfastly believe That the Strangury is very often produced seeing that together with other Students we have sometimes found the Urines of such as have laboured under the Strangury in the Hospital of Leyden to be Acid and also seen the same Persons cured with such Medicines as temper Acidity The which if you are minded to try saith Helmont De Pleura Furente § 14. Whether or no the Strangury may not proceed from Acidity mix some Drops at least of sharp Wine with the Vrine lately sent forth without pain and inject it again by a Syringe and you shall find to your Pain that what I say is true Also that from the more acid Pancreatick Juyce Ulcers do sometimes break forth in the Skin corroding the same as also producing very great paines they will not deny who following the Opinions of the Antients determine them to arise from the Atra-Bilis seeing that the Atra-Bilis of the Antients as we have above Demonstrated hath its Original from the more acid Pancreatick Juyce We are like-wise plainly perswaded that the more acid Pancreatick Juyce especially if it hath any Austerity conjoyned with it produceth a greater astringency of the Belly For if the Bile by its Acrimony irritating the Guts as is granted may excite the Flux of the Belly why may not that which is contrary to such a Bile produce a contrary Effect Notwithstanding if the belly be bound by a Viscid Matter then we think likewise that a Flux may happen from the sharper Pancreatick Juyce as it hath a power of inciding and attenuating the Viscid Pituity From which it is manifest that the Pancreatick Juyce according to the Diversity of Humours concurring with it doth very often produce a diverse and contrary Effect which thing we would have well noted lest we should seem to contradict our self in explicating the Effects of this juyce As yet we think even as we seem to have already said that the Atra and Eruginous Bile is excited from the more acid Pancreatick Juyce and a certain sharp Bile concurring and consequently all Diseases which Authors deduce from them and therefore they are not cured by other Medicaments than those which are fit to correct the more acid Pancreatick Juyce Which as it is Consonant with Reason so it will not appear Incredible to those who will consider the things above spoken by us with a more attentive Mind But perhaps some will say after what manner doth the Pancreatick Juyce produce the Atra-Bilis seeing that we have ascribed the Whitishness of the Chyle after the Effervescency in the thin Gut to the acidity of the Pancreatick Juyce To which we answer That Acids according to the Diversity of the matter where-with they are mixed do also produce a divers Colour for example pour an acid Spirit to common Sulphur dissolved in a Lixivium and its red Colour will be changed into white Antimony Calcind with Nitre or Chalk being boyl'd in Fountain-Water and any acid thing being affused to its clear Colature will presently acquire a Saffron Colour A clear Infusion of Galls mixed with the Solution of Vitriol maketh Ink to which if you add the acid Spirit of Vitriol that Ink will lose all its blackness and become clear like to Fountain-Water The Blew Tincture of Violets being mixed with Oyle of Vitriol will wax into a Purple The Wood Acanthus brought from Brasile being infused in Common Water doth freely yeild a red Tincture which put to Distilled Vinegar acquires a Colour like to White-Wine A Knife after it hath cut a Pomecitron in the Middle unless it be wiped and cleansed from the Soure Juyce of the Citron in a short time will be reduced to a nigrous Colour And why from the same acidity too much exalted
second Opinion is attributed to Baccius and Folius both which sharply maintained that the Chylus passeth from the Intestines to the Liver and Spleen through the Ductus Pancreaticus The contrary of which is as clear as the Meridian Sun Seeing that nothing is received from the Gutts into this Ductus but only the Juyce sent forth by it self to the Intestines The third Opinion is ascribed to Johan Veslingius because in his Systeme of Anatomy chap. 4. he thus speaketh of the Pancreas The use of this Ductus is not obscure for seeing it hath acertain Juyce not much unlike to the Bile it is manifest that such an Excrement is separated from the Chylus by a further Concoction and being conveyed into this Vessel is thence emitted into the Duodenum Asellius Riolanus and others favour this Opinion but Experience contradicts it and manifestly sheweth that the Humour contained in the Pancreas is never really in it self bitter and therefore in no wise to be compared with the Bile If at any time it happens that the Probe being put into this Ductus be yellow every one will easily believe that this is not occasioned by the Humour contained in the Pancreas but from the Bile as well flowing from the Ductus Cysticus as the Hepaticus immediately into the Intestine especially if he consider that the Stylus is spotted by the Bile before it passeth from the Intestine to the Ductus Pancreaticus and again that it passeth through the Bile whilst it is drawn out For the Ductus Pancreaticus and the Ductus Biliarius in Men perforate the Intestine in the same place And although the most famous D. Van. Horne in a Bilious Diarhaea saw that Vessel full of Choler we say it was Preternatural in as much as the Bile which Copiously adhered to the end of the Ductus as is wont to happen in a Diarhaea was thrown into the Cavity thereof by the Agitation of that dead Body Also that the excrement of the further Elaboration or Concoction of the Chylus is not sent into this passage is manifest in regard the same is witnessed by Occular Inspection In some Animals that Glandulous Body doth not at all touch the Milky Vessels and in others it only passeth over and in no wise enters their Substance as also because they are easily separated from the Pancreas without the Effusion of any Chyle as we have formerly demonstrated in Dogs Cats and other Animals Therefore we do not see upon what ground they might maintain the further Concoction of the Chylus to be celebrated in it unless they following the Opinion of Asellius would take this Glandulous body for the Middle Glandule of the Mefentery into which the Venae Lacteae are altogether immersed The fourth Opinion is of Bartholinus as is manifestly apparent from his Anatomy Chap. 13. De Pancreate where he thinks the Bile to be purged Naturally by its Ductus and will have it to be the Bilar-Vesicle or Gall-Bladder of the Spleen so that the same use which the other affords to the Liver he believes that this affords to the Spleen Which Opinion by the leave of so great a man Anatomy in our Judgment seems to confute Seeing the Ductus Pancreaticus passeth not to the Spleen neither are there any other Vessels which do convey any thing from the Spleen to it For there are found only two kinds of Vessels which carry any thing back from the Spleen viz. The Veines and Lymphatick Vessels But the Veines carry back the Blood to the Liver and the Complication of the Lymphaticks carrying from the Spleen do not in like manner go to the Pancreas but to the great Receptacle of the Chyle so that nothing can be discharged out of the Spleen to the Pancreas as our tryal in France hath sufficiently manifested for their sakes who judging this to be the best Opinion of most Authors rejected ours We tyed a Dog upon a Table as is Demonstrated by the first Figure of the third Table and when we had made a little Hole in the left Hypocondrium with our two fore-Fingers we pull'd out the Spleen whose Bloody Vessels we tyed with two or three several Ligatures and afterwards we cut the same in sunder between the Spleen and the Bonds and when we had quite taken away the Spleen we drew together the Lips of the Wound with small threds in three or four several places whereby this Dog in ashort time being well cured was returned to us at which we did not at all wonder because we once had a Bitch which brought forth three or four Puppies after the Extirpation of her Spleen and two Mouths after the loss of the Spleen in the same Dog we collected a notable quantity of the Pancreatick Juice which the Professors of Andegave the Doctors of Vtrecht D. Haverloo and D. de Maets judged to be acidly Salt which being true none as we think free from Prejudice will maintain that the Succus Pancreaticus proceeds from the Spleen Also it is worthy to be noted That those Dogs did no less greedily desire or better digest their Food after the Extirpation of the Spleen than before from whence we receding from the Common Opinion judge that no Fermentitious Matter or Humour is sent from the Spleen to the Stomach The Fifth Opinion is attributed to the most Famous Lindanus seeing that in his Medic-Physiol c. 5. Art 5. pag. 114. he saith When I consider what appertains to the Vse besides the structure of the Pancreas how many Diseases Practise takes notiee of in it I cannot doubt but that the thicker and more useless Purgations of the Blood are thrown out into it by the Ordinary Law of Nature so as they may be corrected by the Spleen and also by an Extraordinary all the Melancholy which either an Intemperate Diet or Disease hath bred The Ductus it self gives us cause to believe That they are both carryed to the Intestines and Curation teacheth the same by the Medicines often required And this Opinion seems also to us to be contrary to the Truth seeing that the Pancreatick Juice as often as it hath been truly collected by us alwayes appeared Limpid like Wine But what we shall say concerning the Excrementitious Humour will sufficiently appear by the following Article and also by those things which shall be spoken of presently after The Sixth Opinion is manifest enough from Wharton's Treatise of the Glandules Chap. XIII whilst he writes Therefore I think that this Glandule as likewise all others do minister to the Nerves and that it receives some of the Superfluities of the Nerves of the Sixth Paire with the little Branches of the Spinal Marrow in the greater folding of the Vnitings and by its own Proper Vessel carries it to the Intestines But seeing that the Nerves are designed to carry Animal Spirits we do not understand upon what ground the industrious Anatomist will hold that the Excrementitious humour is carryed through them and wherefore he will affirm that it is
of any other thing with the blood then volatile Salts But on the contrary if you mingle any acid Spirit with the Blood Dictum Factum the Blood will be more or less Coagulated according as that Spirit shall be more or less Acid as for example if to try the Experiment we take Oyle of Vitriol Oyle of Sulphur per Campanum Aqua Fortis Aqua Regia c. Besides that the Blood will presently be Coagulated by them it also acquires a Ches-Nut Colour But if we take the Dulcid Spirit of Salt Juice of Lammons Distilled Vinegar or the like whose acid Spirit is more Temperate the Blood will only acquire the Consistency of a grosser Syrup with its red Colour remaining unhurt From whence it is evident the use of Acids may preserve men from the Plague not as according to the Opinion of many Authors that they cut and attenuate but as they preserve the natural Consistency of the Blood and do hinder its being infected with a more sharp Volatile Salt which we together with the Air suck into our Bodies For this cause the most Famous Dr. Sylvius who likewise hath Constituted the Venom of the Plague in a more sharp Volatile Salt when some Years since in the great Plague at Amsterdam which he fore-saw he took a Crust of Bread imbrued with white-Wine-Vinegar in which Mary-Golds had likewise been steeped by which Alexipharmack he so well preserved himself that he never was infected with the Pestilential Venome But when through too much hast he omitted the said Alexipharmack as soon as he entred into an infected House he was infected with a pain in the Head from which at other times he was free Which things being rightly considered every one may see that the Pestilent Venome is not indued with any force of Coagulating as the most Learned Willis hath stated it in his Treatise of Feavers C. 13. But seeing that Dr. Dela-Font hath sufficiently cleared this to all Opposers in his Discourse concerning the Pestilent Venome Chap. VIII We shall not spend any more time either to the Reader or our selves but wave the further Disquisition of those things because it is besides our purpose in this Treatise accurately to describe the Pestilence Wherefore we will leave the rest to a further Occasion seeing it is time that we return to the Incommodities flowing from the more Acid Pancreatick Juyce The Pancreatick Juyce being more sharp is the cause first of every Internal Cold being first of all felt in the Region of the Loyns and afterwards dispersed into the whole Body as for the most part we observe in the beginning of the Fits of Agues or Intermitting Feavers Secondly Of all Cutting paines as well in the Hypocondria's and whole Belly as in other parts of the Body Thirdly Of all manifest paines in the Belly from whence the Sick is sometimes tormented after a wonderful manner Wherefore we deduce all the black and aeruginous Bile from the same more Acid Pancreatick Juyce Because sometimes being put into a Pewter Chamber Pot or Brass Bason they Corrode the same and send forth a sharp Savour and also excite a manifest Effervescency which every man who hath saluted but the threshold of Chymistry knows cannot happen from any thing but Acids From whence they may be compelled to confess their Errour who affirm That all black Choler proceeding from Vomitting or Dejection of the Belly comes from the Follicles of the Gall or the Spleen All these things are not a little confirmed by the following Experiment sometimes made by us in a Dog in the Section of whom being alive having opened the Duodenum we found a greenish Liquor among the black such as the Antients have depicted to us for Atrabilis that we might pursue a more Intimate cognition thereof we examined diligently all the wayes through which any thing might be transfer'd to that Intestine and seeing that besides the Bilar Duct the Pancreatick and the Ventrile there was no way perceptible to the sight through which any notable Quantity of Humors might be afforded to the Intestines we judge therefore that in one of those the matter thereof must be obscured Wherefore we examined all those wayes in the first whereof we found the Bile naturally Constituted that waxing Yellow from a Green In the second we found the Pancreatick Juyce most limpid like to Distilled Water In the third we found the Aliments half crude having the Colour of White Ashes Seeing therefore that neither the Liver nor the Pancreas nor also the Stomach carryed that Atrabilis to the Intestine we began to suspect whether that Atrabilis might not emerge by the Union of two or three of those Humours being mingled together by course Concerning which thing that we might attain to a greater Certainty we affused Spirit of Vitriol to the Bile drawn forth from its Vesicle and placed it in the heat of the Sun from whence there was commonly excited from the Black a Greenish Liquor such as we first found in the Duodenum Hence we concluded the said Humour called Atrabilis not to flow from this or that part but to be generated in the Duodenum Namely as the Natural Colour of the Bile hath been transmitted into Black and Green by the Concourse of the more Acid Pancreatick Juyce Seeing that the Pancreatick Juyce by the ordinary Law of Nature may continually be mingled with the Bile and the Intestinal Pituity we will a little propose the same as joyn'd with those Humours If it chanceth that the more sluggish Pancreatick Juyce bounds with a sharper Bile and the Intestinal Pituity rightly Constituted the strength of the Pancreatick Juyce in that Concourse will be altogether infringed and the Exhalations which are excited by the Effervescency of those Humours will ascend not so much with Acid as Lixivious Particles which when they reach to the Stomach by infringing its Fermentation they will hinder the Concoction of the Aliment and destroy the Appetite but if it happen that those Exhalations ascend to the Jaws there amongst other Incommodities they will induce a Dryness of the Mouth especially if they infect the Spittle with their Salsitude But if they proceed further through the Milky Veines to the Heart from whence with the blood they may pass through the other parts of the body they will also produce a Heat in those as at first in the Intestines and there more troublesome where those Exhalations are most sharp If a more sharp Pancreatick Juyce concurreth with a sharper Bile there will presently be a mighty Effervescency excited in the Duodenum whereby the Intestines are sometimes so distended that they threaten a Ruption which thing we have very often observed whilst we applyed our selves to our Study in Leyden whilst we mixed together divers Liquors sit for Fermentation in two little Vessels in part of the Intestine intercepted by Ligatures even as D. Schuyl hath expressed it Fig. B. in his Treatise De veteri Medicina wherefore we judge in the first instant
in Ulcers the Cyrurgions Probe may not be stained with a certain Blackness as we have very often observed and such Ulcers be happily cured by Temperating of the acidity as Helmont admonisheth De Blase humano § 53. we leave to the judgment of others It may here suffice for us to have proved that from one and the same acid permixed with diverse things one while a White another a Black another a Yellow another a Purple and so moreover other Colours may arise He which desireth to excite many Colours in the Solution of Minerals and Vegitables endued with no Colour let him go to that most curious Treatise which D. Willis hath written concerning Fermentation where pag. 88. Edit Ang. he may find very many Mutations of Colours not unprofitable and being about to assigne the Reason thereof he saith in the following page If the reason of this Phaeno-mena be enquired it ought altogether to be deduced from those minute particles within the pores of every contained Liquor which according to the scituation and position being after a divers manner altered by the Infusion of another Liquor do diversly transmit the beams of the light and manifoldly break or reflect it and so cause the divers appearances of Colours c. Having now unfolded the Diseases risen from the more acid Pancreatick Juyce we seem in our selves to hear some in short to ask the Question from whence the acid Humour in the body may proceed if we do not use any acid things To which we answer that we can in no wise want those things which abound with an acidity For there is an acidity in the air which appeareth if the Caput Mortuum of Vitriol be exposed to the air which from the same eliciteth a new acidity Also that the air is full of Nitrous particles Gassendus Entius Digbaeus and others which professedly or otherwise ingeniously treat of this Matter have proved But no man is ignorant that Nitre containeth in it self an acidity There is also an acidity inherent in Aliments For in Kitchings if flesh or other Aliments begin to corrupt their Broth doth wax sower yea we have collected an acid Spirit in quantity sufficiently large from the sweetest of Condiments to wit Sugar by chymical Art There is also an acidity inherent in Drink for Beer or Ale as also Wine being left to themselves without the addition of any other thing do wax Soure From whence it is no wonder as Hippocrates witnesseth Lib. De Vet. Med. Text. 24 that there should be an Acidity in Men. But it being granted that there is an acid Humour in our Bodies some one more desirous of Truth may ask How it comes to pass that it doth not only corrode the parts of our Bodies but also Copper and Tinn as we have shewed above To this we shall also answer That the Fermentations continually happening in our Bodies is sufficicient for this thing For we daily see that by their help many things are very sharp which before were sweet or at least Temperate VVhether now this may happen by the Dissipation of the animal Spirits or by reason of any other inward Cause we leave to the Judgment of others Likewise Experience testifies that Men feeding upon a cold Diet do sometimes for the same Reason and Cause fall into burning Feavers We have also deservedly ascribed the Uterine Suffocation or Mother-fits so called to the Pancreatick juyce divers ways vitiated but especially the Austere The following Observation seems to give us no small light into the Truth of this Matter which our Friend Elsnerus in the Year 1667. sent to us from Paris to Andegave We opened saith he a Maid extinguished by the Suffocation of the Womb in whose dead body we found nothing at all to which death might be ascribed but the blood coagulated in the Ventricles of the Heart beyond the order of Nature Which too much coagulation of the blood may not be deduced from any other cause than from an acid Juyce as we have sufficiently proved But the reason why we judge that this Effect is not produced by the Pancreatick Juyce being simply acid is that all women which have a sharp Pancreatick Juyce are not affected with that Disease And therefore we do the more easily believe that there is an austerity or harsh Sowerness present with it because we have known almost the like Disease excited from the Pancreatick Juyce being austere in a certain Bitch as also in a Famous Man the truth of which the following Testimony freely exhibiteth to us done in the Year 1663. as it was communicated to me by the most expert Dr. Sylvius I tested the Pancreatick Juyce and found it first as it were Saltish but afterward the Relish being some-what changed it seemed then to be Sub-acid with a light Austerity There was such a Stink produced in my Mouth that two of my Acquaintance which were with us admonished me concerning it The Stink was like to that which riseth from Muddy and strinking Water My Mouth and Jaws were not only exsiccated or dried but also so constringed that I seemed to be suffoccated which like thing I suffer by a Disease familiar to me And all these things vanished not suddainly but remained and endured for a while till they left me by Degrees and of their own Accord The Bitch's Juyce was brought to the Famous Dr. Sylvius and exhibited to his Tast in our presence From this and the like Observations it seemeth not absurd to assert That Men may some-time be affected with a like Hysterick Suffocation especially when its nearest Cause happens not from the VVomb but from the small Gut in which by reason of the Vitious Effervescency of concurring Humours excited Exhalations and austere Flatulencies are stirred up which as often as they arise through the Oesephagus or Gullet and come to the Arteria-Asperia or Wind-Pipe they so constringe those parts that the Sick think themselves to be in the peril of Strangulation or Choaking That divers Species of the Hypocondriack Affection may be produced by the said Pancreatick juyce divers ways vitiated the Books of Practical Physitians do testifie and the symptoms confirme But that we stay no longer upon the more acid and austere Pancreatick juyce and the effects from them arising we think fit to deduce at least one effect from the said juyce more Salt imagine a serous Diarrhaea which by its saline Acrimony produceth a more violent and more frequent peristaltick Motion of the Gutts These things being rightly considered we doubt not but that by a diligent tract of time by the Observation of those who happen to be conversant about the Sick many effects will be made more manifest And if there be more of Art in knowing than in curing Diseases who sees not that this Pancreatick juyce being altogether known the cure of many Diseases may be performed more easily more speedily and more profitably First of all in this Treatise we have described the Diseases taking their Original from a
Tasts found in the Pancreatick Juyce doth not exclude its Acidity 58. The Effervescency between the Bile and the Pancreatick Juyce is demonstrated by Experiments ibid. What Effervescency may sometimes happen in the Sick 61. That there is a hot and cold Effervescency is evinced by Observations and Experiments ib. What Effervescency happeneth in the Sound 62. Wherefore the Effervescency is not perceived in the time of Health ibid. The Palpitation of the Heart 63. The first Vtility of the Intestinal Effervescency ibid. The Effects of diverse Effervescencies are propounded 65. The greater or lesser Affinity of Acids with things dissolved 66. The Reason is examined Why acids do more powerfully joyn themselves to these than other Liquors 67. How the Aliments in the Stomach differ from those in the Guts ibid. That the cause of that Mutation is to be ascribed to the Pancreatick Juyce or Bile p. 68. The white Colour of the Chyle from whence it proceeds 69. The Second Vtility of the Intestinal Effervescency ibid. An Objection against the Alleadged Vtility from the Effervescency 70. The Solution of that Objection ibid. The Separation of what Particles may happen by the sole Fermentation of the Aliments 71. What Particles of Aliments are necessary to Life ibid. The Vtility of the Intestinal Effervescency is farther described 72. The way whereby the more Subtile parts of the Humours penetrate to the Heart from the Intestines ibid. The Natural Consistency of the Blood from whence it proceeds 73. Whether or no the Pancreatick Juyce may afford a Ferment to the Stomach 74. For what reason the Pancreatick Juyce doth incrassate the Bile ibid. For what reason it attenuates the Bile 75. What the Pancreatick Juyce effects being well and what being ill disposed ibid. That the Pancreas is the cause of many Diseases is witnessed by famous Physitians 76. The Order of their Calling ibid. The Diseases where-with the Substance of the Pancreas is wont to be infested 77. The History of the Pancreas of Thuanus grown into an admirable Magnitude 78. That the Pancreas is not the Vicar or Helper of the Spleen 79. Various Abscesses of the Pancreas found in dead Bodies ibid. Cancer 80. The History of it concreted into a stony Hardness 81. Stones ibid. That all the Glandules are Obnoxious to Stones 82. That the Pineal Glandule is more frequently afflicted with Stones in France than in Holland ibid. That the Pancreaas doth not alwayes follow the evil Affections of the Liver or Spleen ib. The Vices of the Pancreatick Juyce 83. The Pancreatick Juyce wherefore more sparingly driven to the Intestines ibid. Why more copiously propelled to the Intestines 84. Why inequally divided into the Guts ibid. Why it may be more Fluid 85. Why more Viscid ibid. The Vices of the Pancreatick Juyce perceptible to the Tast ibid. the lesser Acidity of the Pancreatick Juyce from whence 86. It s Acidity increased from whence ibid. It s Salsity from whence ibid. The cause of Austerity is searched into 87. The Faults of the Pancreas what Functions they hurt 88. The Faults of the Pancreatick Juyce what Functions they hurt 89. If it be sent to the Guts in a lesser Quantity ib. If it be carryed to the Guts in a greater Quantity 90. If it be inequally moved to the Guts 92. If more Fluid ibid. If more Viscid 93. If it be less Acid. ibid. Running-Pain in the Left-side from whence it ariseth ibid. Wherefore Melancholy men are less subject to the Plague than Cholerick ibid. Why the Blood of those who are infected with the Plague will not Coagulate ibid. That Volatile Salts do make the Blood more fluid 94. That Acidity is the cause of the Blood Coagulating ibid. That an Acid is the best Preservative in the time of a Plague 95. That a more Acid Pancreatick Juyce is the cause of Cold in the Region of the Loynes 96. Of Pain and Torment of the Belly ib. Of Black and Eruginous Bile ibid. That the Spleen doth not generate Atra-Bilis 97. A rare Observation demonstrating to the Eye the Generating of Atra-Bilis ibid. The Pancreatick Juyce together with other Humours is joyntly examined ibid. What Effervescency is excited between a dull Pancreatick Juyce and a more sharp Bile 98. A more sharp Pancreatick Juyce meeting with a sharper Bile what it effecteth 99. What Effervescency is excited between a sharper Pancreatick Juyce and a more dull Bile 100. The Diseases arising from the Pancreatick Juyce 102. The cause of Intermitting Feavers to be ascribed to the Pancreas ibid. A more Acid Pancreatick Juyce the cause of the Gout 103. The cause of a great Appetite and Hunger ibid. The Cause of difficult Breathing and a dry Cough 104. The Cause of those outragious Epileptick Fits which the Dutch call Stuypiens 105. The Cause of Contraction of the Pulse and Swounding ibid. The cause of Convulsions 106. The cause of the Strangury 107. The cause of Malignant Vlcers ibid. The cause of the Adstriction of the Belly 108. The cause of Melancholy and Diseases from thence proceeding ibid. An Answer to an Objection That it cannot excite the Atra-Bilis 109. It is demonstrated by Examples that Acids may stir up divers Colours ibid. The reason thereof searched into 110. How Acidity may abound in their Bodies who are not conversant in the Vse of Acids 111. It is demonstrated that the austere Pancreatick Juyce may be the cause of the Suffocation of the Womb. 112. A wonderful Effect of the Pancreatick Juyce being tasted 113. That men do sometimes labour under the like Hysterick Suffocations ibid. The Cause and manner of the Generation of Mother Fits 114. The cause of the Hypocondriack Affection ib. A Salt Pancreatick Juyce is the cause of a Diarhaea ibid. How the Pancreatick Juyce is to be corrected 116. If it be effused more sparingly by reason of Viscidity or Obstruction ibid. If it flows more largely 117. Purgers Electively given ibid. Nothing of Excrement driven by the Purges through the Meseraick Arteries into the Instines 118. That Purging Medicaments may operate as happily by the Venae Lacteae ibid. The Correction of the over-fluid Pancreatick Juyce ibid. It s too much Acidity corrected 119. The Correction of its Austerity 120. It s Salsitude rectified ibid. The History of Agues or Intermitting Feavers 121. The Pathognomick Signe of a Feaver 122. The cause of a Feaver determined to be four-fold ibid. That there is a different cause of Continual and Intermitting Feavers 123. VVhat the Minera of Intermitting Feavers is 124. That it is not to be found in the Blood ibid. The Swiftness of the Bloods Circulation ib. That the Stagnation of the Blood cannot produce the cause of Intermitting Feavers ib. The cause and manner of the Generating of Inflamations ibid. That all the Humours described in the Schools are not to be found neither do they ever raise a manifest Effervescency 125. That the Focus of Intermitting Feavers hath been by many rightly sought in the Abdomen but ill ascribed to the Miseraick Veins the Duplicature of the Omentum the Intestine Colon c. ibid. The Focus of Intermitting Feavers to be ascribed to the Pancreas alone 127. The reason thereof examined ibid. An Objection against it answered ibid. That an Obstruction of the Ductus Pancreaticus is the cause of Intermitting Feavers 128. The Generation of an Obstruction in the Pancreatick Duct 129. The cause of the Fits access is the dissolution of that Obstruction 130. The Pancreatick Juyce accompanyed with Viscidity ibid. An Obstruction of the Pancreatick Duct found after Death in one who dyed of a Feaver 129. For what reason the Pancreatick Juyce groweth more sharp 130. In what manner it is made sharp and carryed to the Intestines and there effervesceth with the Humours 131. When that Effervescency may be called Feaverish ibid. The cause of a more frequent Preternatural Pulse ibid. The Division of Intermitting Feavers into Simple and Compound ibid. A Sub-division of the Simple into Quotidians Tertians Quartans c. 132. A Sub-division of the Compound according to the Feavors of which they are compounded ib. A Division of Intermitting Feavers into Cold and Burning ibid. The Essence of Intermitting Feavers consists not in Heat ibid. A Division of Intermitting Feavers according to their Symptomes 134. The reason of the return of the Fits sometimes daily other-while every Third or Fourth day ibid. The inequal Intermediate Space of Intermitting Feavers ibid. The cause of that Inequality 135. How long the Feaverish Fits may return and when wholly cease ibid. The cause of Intermitting Feavers both Simple and Compound 136. The reason of the same and of a diverse Species of Intermitting Feavers ibid. Why in Compound Intermitting Feavers the Fit of one doth precede supervene or follow the Fit of another 137. That Intermitting Feavers cannot proceed from an evil Diathesis of the Blood ibid. The reason why the Fits of Compound Feavers sometimes come sooner or later than their usual Hour 138. How Quotidians Double Tertians and Trible Quartans may be known ibid. The diversity of Heat and Cold of the Fits from whence 139. The cause of the Feaverish Heat and Cold inquired into ib. That acids are Cold and do produce Cold. ib. That the Bile exciteth Heat in the body 141. Why the Fits of Intermitting Feavers do usually began with Cold and Terminate with Heat ibid. Why Acid Vomitings and Belchings are rather to be deduced frrm the Pancreas than the Stomach 142. The Symptomes perceived in the Region of the Loynes in the time of the Cold Fit signifie the Male affection of the Pancreas 143. In what manner the Cure of Intermitting Feavers is to be performed 145. Medicaments tempering the Feverish Cold. ibid. Wherefore Medicines against the Feaver are to be exhibited in the very instant of the Fit 146. Medicaments tempering the Feaverish Heat 147. To asswage the Thirst ibid. When drink is to be allowed the Feaverish and when not 149. What Medicaments are to be given out of the time of the Fit and how to be accommodated to the Symptomes ibid. What Diet is to be prescribed for those afflicted with a Feaver 150. FINIS * The Origin is Thalamus Plin Epist 2 lib. 6. Surely this is an Hyperbole i. e. the Dutch