and preserved by the use of their like and coâ—traries are destroyed by their contrâ—ries and weary his body by violeâ— Exercises and continual labour Anâ— if there be a suppression of choleriâ— Excrements which before did freelâ— flow either by Nature Will or Art bâ— whosoever seeds upon meats generâ—ting gross blood as Beef Venisoâ— Hare old Cheese and all salt meats without all doubt sliding from his Nâ—ture will fall into a melancholy teâ—per especially if to that manner Diet he shall have avocation full cares turmoils miseries strong aâ— much study carefull thoughts and feaâ— and also if he sit much wanting Exâ—cise for so the inward heat as it wâ— defrauded of its nourishments faiâ— and growes dull whereupon gross aâ— drossie humours abound is gone out of the belly shall stuffe his panch with more Who presently after meat runs into violent Exercises who inhabit cold and moist places who lead their life at ease in all idleness and lastly who suffer a suppression of the phlegmatick humour accustomely evacuated by Vomit Cough or blowing the Nose or any other way either by Nature or Art Certainly it is very convenient to know these things that we may discern if we at the present be phlegmatick melancholick or of any other temper whether he be such by Nature or Necessity Of Spirits IN order of Nature that that offers it self to the next hand is concerning Spirits A Spirit consider as a part of a man and that which enters our Constitution is defined to be an aiery thin and clear substance the seat of the native heat the Vehiculum of the Faculties and Instrument of the out-going Functions and of these there be two sorts one is the In-nate and the other is the In-flowing Spirit The In-nate Spirit is that which is put into every Similar part by the Principles of Generation and that which of the Greeks is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and is the Foundation of the Humidum radicale The In-flowing Spirit is that which breaks forth from elsewhere and nourisheth and preserveth the Faculty and innate heat carrying it every where to the acting the Functions Of this In-flowing Spirit there be three kinds Animal Vital and Natural The first is the Animal Spirit anâ— that which is begotten from the Vital Spirit and the inspired Aire intâ— the Ventricle of the Brain and distributed by the motive and sensitivâ— Nerves giving sence and motion to thâ— whole Body The Vital Spirit is that which is begotten in the left bosome of the heart and the prepared Aire in the Lungs whence it is distributed to all the partâ— by the Arteries The Natural Spirit which goes forth from the Liver by the Veins with the Blood is poured forth into the Extream parts of the Body the Author of Generation Nutrition and Increase Of the Faculties A Faculty it is the Innate power of the Soul used to the performance of Actions and it is defined by Galen to be the Effecting Cause of Actions and therefore is call'd a Faculty Quod quae facit facere possit So that is understood by the Name of a Faculty which hath a power to doe and these Faculties are stated to be Animal Vital and Natural And that is the Animal Faculty which is onely proper to the Animal and for that cause it is so called That is Vital which the Vital begets in the heart and is sent forth from thence by the Arteries for the preservation of Life whence also it receives the Name of Vital The Natural Faculty is that which is in the Liver and sends Aliment to all the parts of the Body by the Veins Of Actions AN Action proceeds from a Faculty call'd in Latine a Function and therefore also they call it an Operation And as an Action so also a Function is three-fold Animal Vital and Natural But Action is defined by Galen to be of two sorts Animal and Natural From the Animal they are call'd Anamae Actiones but from the Animale Actiones Animi CHAP. V. Of Things not Natural THese Res non Naturales are sâ— call'd because they are not oâ— the number of those which enter into the Constitution or Composuâ— of mans Body as the Elements Humors and the rest which have been briefly mentioned already There are six thing which are Res non Naturales The ambient Aire Meat and Drink Sleep and Watching Motion and Quiet Excretion and Retention and Perturbation of the Mind in the right use of which doth consist the prâ—â—ervation of Health And to this purpose that Aire is to be Aire chosen which is neither thick nor rimy nor cloudy neither neer to standing Pools or Rivers but thin and serene neither too hot nor too cold neither too dry nor too moist neither infected with the ill Gales of Lakes common Sewers Sinks nor the filthy breath that is exhaled from dead Carkases nor corrupted by putrifying Dungs or any thing that sends forth filthy fumes neither that which is sent forth by windes out of the Mountains into the Vales and Caves and shut up in other hollow places but pure and thin Of Meats THat Food is to be chosen which is Of Meat of good Juice easie of Concoction that hath not much Excrementitious matter but Food of an ill Juice is to be rejected the particulars of which you will hear more hereafter upon treating of the Scurvy Those are call'd Foods of good Juice which are neither too hot nor too cold dry or moist but â—emperate neither too glutinous nor too thin but of a Medium because they beget good Blood that is neither too thick nor too thin The Quantity of Food must be measured Quantity by the Ability of the Concoctive Faculty and of whole Natures Ability to distribute that which is requisite to the nourishment to every part and therefore the quantity must not abound the power of the native heat and to this end it must be well chewed and ground by the teeth that being swallowed into the stomach the first shop of Nature it may be the easier concocted The Time of taking Food must not Time be before the fore-received Food be cast out by the power of the Expulsive Faculty into the Guts out of the Stomach The Drink must be Beer well boy'ld The drink made of Barley-malt or mixed with Oats it must not be red nor white neither sharp or soure but well boyl'd if Beer and clear and pure of good odour The Quantity of Drink must answer Quantity of drink the Quality of the received Food for if the Food be more solid and dry the Drink may be more liberal where the meats are more moist the Drink must be the less Much swashing of the stomach with The Time drink at Meals is disapproved as unwholsom and yet it must not be too sparing because that will not quench the thirst which is to be regarded As to the Time of Drink as Hunger doth admonish us when to eat so Thirst
Disease And therefore that Salt and the grosser parts of the Chyle when all cannot be attracted from the Spleen and elaborated and attracted by the Liver without Impediment even that which is the subtiler part of the Chyle as that which is familiar to it and naturally more apt to the generating good blood and cannot expell all things from Nature because of the abundance and unaptness they stick in the first wayes and abide in the branches o◠〈◊〉 Porta and Mesaraick 〈…〉 the Mesenâ—ary it self Paâ—â—râ—â— â—nd 〈◊〉 and by reason that it is woâ—â— to administer matter of Cause to such humours they are continually encreased every day And to these salt gross fixed humours there are joyned and mixed other crude and vitious humours and are detained in these places and so â—he Cymists do call the foulness of these humours heaped up in the first wayes Tartarous Having premised these things let us return to the Analogy that seems to be between the Fermentation of Wine and the Blood oâ— Humoâ—rs and concerning ing the first note in the Fermentation of Wine CHAP VIII 〈…〉 when the Faeces are separaâ—â—â— and 〈◊〉 to the bottom if they â—â—â— again elevared to motion or if any Heterogeneous Exotick Sulphur be cast into the 〈◊〉 from thence there will arise a notablâ—◠〈…〉 which unless it be 〈…〉 to the ruinâ— of 〈◊〉 whol◠〈…〉 lik◠〈…〉 there bâ— maâ—y thing â—hich 〈…〉 mixible with â—â—â— blood which â—eing mixed wiâ—◠〈◊〉 â—oe â—iâ—der â—he moâ—ion and Circulation of it â—nd trouble thâ— Oeconomiâ— Indeed these are not so well performed the nourishing Liquoâ—â—eing reduced to a muddiness â—â— inordiâ—â—â—ely ferments the blood and also â—haâ— Liquor is made to degenerate from its statu quo prius into a base and flat Liquor and being such stirres up the Fitts of intermitting Fevers but the vapoâ—ouâ— Excremâ—nts of the Blood the Rasa or Iraseibiles cholerick and atrabilious retained in its bosome it brings forth Catarrhes Dropsies Jaundies Melancholy 〈◊〉 â—any other Effects And Secondly The Sulphâ—â—â—us part 〈…〉 Blood being too much â—â—alâ—ed from thence is produced an inoâ—dinate heat and so is apt to be kâ—â—dled iâ—â—he heart and from thence followâ— a Feverish heat and thence have many Fevers the Cause of their Existence Thirdly There frequently happens a close Union or Constriction of the Sulphur with the wearied or tired spirit the saline parts being brought to a fluidness it excells the rest in power and force and so the Liquor passeth into an Acetum or Vinegar and from the Acidity of the Blood are produced Melancholy Distempers Fourthly There is yet another intemperature of Wines viz. when the spirit being depressed the saline and sulphurous particles combining together are exalted and this may be done in Wines in a two-fold manner And this is very observable Wines may degenerate into Vappa or Vineger and that sometimes from the spirit being depressed and also the sulphur with the salt exalted together doth become musty clammy or slimy which we call Wine over-fretted or become Ropy in either mutation the spirit being brought under the Yoak the sulphur and saline being associated together they grow too powerfull foâ— the other Elements and so they may be changed into the gross disposition of its own Liquor notwithstanding this thing is not done in the same manner in both For in the first Dyscrasia or Intemperature of the Wine the Sulphur somewhat abides with the Salt but in the latter the Salt rather existeth with the Sulphur but whether it be one or the other that is made more powerfull the dominion of the spirit being driven away the other consents with it and taketh away its due state the manner of both is explicable When Generous Wines have long waxed hot and by little and little being wounded the Spirit partly evaporates and being rolled about with the other grosser Elements it is supprest in the mean time the Sulphur the abundance of which is advanced by the great Agitation and the Spirit is brought under the Yoak adhering to the Salt and taking it up it alters the mixture of the Liquor and then by reason of the excellency of the Sulphur combined with the Salt thence comes the mustiness even as with thin Wines long kept the Salt excited and made victorious it depresseth the Spirit and from thence it induceth a sharpness to the subjected Latex and then the exalted Salt which is in it in a lesser quantity getting the Sulphur to it self and joyning it intimately with it self turns the substance of the Liquor from thin into thick and as iâ— were Oleaginous and from a soure savour into a very ungratefull and as iâ— were a Mustiness It is very probable that the Blooâ— may be thus altered in the Scorbutioâ— Affection as Wines as often as theâ— wax hot they degenerate into Ropâ— and stinking For this Disease is not â— much from the Faeculency mixed wiâ— the Blood although such have beeâ— and the Supplement of them may â— known before but it dependeth upoâ— the habitual Intemperature of the Blooâ— and the Argument is this Because a radâ—cated Scurvy is so difficultly cured aâ— sometimes not at all we may state tâ— Dyserasia sanguinis is the Parent of tâ— Scurvy even as we constitute a Dupâ—city of the Wine to wit a Sulphuro-â—linan and a Salino-Sulphurean Fâ— where there is the greatest variety â— Distempers which are attributed to tâ— Scurvy all these may chiefly and veâ— aptly be referred to two heads or Foâ—tains of Evil Viz. CHAP. IX THE first is that in which the Blood is touched with the Scorbutick Miaâ—ines or the prae-existing heat in which to wit the Sulphur having got the prae-domination gets the salt to it self wherefore that being made more rancid or Rammish waxeth inordinately hot in the Vessels and the Excrements being â—urnt to wit the Concretions of the Sulphur and Salt the Sulphur wholly forsakes it self and is dispersed here and â—here the which truely being drove â—utward do produce spots Pustuls Exâ—nthâ—mata and Ulcers but being dispoâ—ed inwardly they occasion Vomitings â—nrdialgia or heart-akings Diarrhaeas â—r Dysenteries and also most cruel pains â—n the scorbutick Rancidity of this kind â—f Blood temperate Remedies onely â—nd frequent Phlebotomies as Scurvy-â—rass Horse-radish and other things enâ—owed with a sharp and biting taste are â—onvenient and for the like reason musty â—r rancid Wines are cured by taking from them their Faeces Moreover by thâ— pouring in of Milk Starch Ising-glass and of other things asswaging or mitigating them In the second place in the Blood noâ—rishing the Scurvy the Salt having gâ— the Dominion it joyns the Sulphur to iâ— wherefore that is not so hot but it bâ—comes thick as ropy Wine and as it we Mucilaginous it is slowly circulated â— the Vessels and whiles it passes the Boâ—els it is apt to stuffe them and to fastâ— the muddiness to them such Effects oftâ— times are made without cutaneous Eruâ—tions there are produced short breatedness and weariness they labour wiâ—
a spontaneous Lassitude a straitness â— the breast and often times they are oâ—noxious to Fainting of the spirits Vertigâ— and Convulsions but in these scorbâ—tick Dispositions they are wont to uâ— Remedies more hot and those endowâ— with a volatile Salt and also Chalybiaâ— which doth thin and stir the blood Aâ— truely in the same manner do they hand Ropy Wines viz. They ought to â— much shaken and stirred Thus far concerning the Radicate Principles of the Scurvy in the Blood Mass and here it is to be explained from what Causes the Blood the Parent of the Scurvy degenerating from its proper goodness doth take that diseasie disposition Notwithstanding it ought first to be shewn in what manner the seeds of this Disease with the other Humour in general is cast into the nervous Juice From the Blood driven forth the Borders of the Brain doth still forth a most subtil matter as for Animal spirits so for a Vehicle and doth scatter them there continually by the whole nervous kind that Latex as long as the Spirit and Salt is well combinated or volatilised with it remains very powerfull there is also a little water with which these are diluted there seems little need of Sulphur and Earth and yet that Concretion of the Spirit and volatile Salt which can pass through all things doth penetrate actuate and irradiate that most excellent humour Concerning the beginnings of the Scurvy untill the Blood being thick and Tone of the Brain are vitiated that Dewy Liquor of the Brain and Nerves as yet spirituous and sweet abides not very unfit to every Office to which it iâ— appointed but afterward being impoverished by the bloody Mass and mucâ— enfeebled it is dropped out inclininâ— towards a soureness Moreover from the faeculent and as it were the rancidous or muddy blood heterogeneoâ— particle are administred much infesteâ— with an Animal Regimen And the Brain being made more weaâ— within are admitted without repulsâ— and thence is powered out into the maâ—rowy Appendix as also the nervouâ— with the moistning Juice hence noâ— there follows the failings and the Eclipses of the scattering Animal Spirit inâ— every Region distractions and doloroâ— complaints and Cramps wherefore Paâ—sies Convulsions Vertigoes Pains Treâ—bling and other preternatural Afflictâ—ons of the Brain and Nervous kind anâ— the more forceable Roots producing thâ— Scurvy are wont to follow And hence it is to be noted in generaâ— that in these three doth consist the scoâ—butick spot affixed to the nervous Juice viz. That the dewy Liquor of the Braiâ— and Nerves is become much more thiâ— or impoverished which doth degeneratâ— Ã Crasi Spirituo-salina toward a soureness which is replenished by the heterogeneous and morbifick particles Hitherto we have shewn how the first seeds of the Scorbutick Affection are sown in the Blood and therein to the Nervous Juice CHAP. X. THe more remote and Extrinsick Cause comes from the six things non Naturales First Aire that is corrupt naughty moist thick putrid and cold cloudy sultery and marine the unpleasant and cloudy season of the Year moist places near the Sea-coasts Laky wet dwelling and Habitations under ground obnoxious to unclean and filthy Exhalations arising from foul Inundations of the Sea and Rivers from whence Hepatick and Splenatick Afflictions are stirred up Secondly Foods not onely in Quality but in Quantity and in Variety hurt much Multa fercula multos morbos ferunt In Qualiity if they be of an evil Juice corrupt too hot too much burnt these easily admitting of putridity and are contrary to the nature of the Bowels which First are the Flesh of Bulls Rams Sows Goats Deer Water-fowls Musty dyet or too Old things salted dryed in the Aire dryed with smoak or kept too long with Salt Red Herring Pickled Herring Bisket Pease Beans Old Cheese Cabbage Chesnuts Among Drinks those are forbidden thaâ— are made of a foul and stinking Water drinks made of Wheat thick and faeculent Wines black slimy impure thick not only taken to satiation but also taken against thirst and Drinks too copiously taken into the stomach hurt the Mesaraick Veins and Liver so that they cannot perform their other Offices There are other Causes of this Disease in some it may draw its rise froâ— an hereditary Cause when the Parentâ— have been much infected with the Invasions of the Scurvy as when the Parenâ— Father or Mother are scorbutick and so it becomes Hereditary also by sucking the Milk of a Scorbutick Nurse and some think it may be taken by Contact and intimate Conversation as drinking in the same Cup by Kissing and by the drawing in of the Breath of those infected And this by some is thought the Cause why in the Lower Saxony the Scurvy is so frequent they suppose that by drinking in the same Cups that scorbutick that having their Gums lax and inflamed with crude Blood their mouth stinking give or communicate the same to others and so also their Companions Si scilicet vir cum faemina scorbutica fluxu albo laborante concumbat may take it want of motion an idle sedentary Life does contribute much to this disease Fastings over much immoderate watchings great and unseasonable Labour and Exercises of Body suppressions of yearly Evacuations immoderate Sleep frequent perturbations of Mind anxious Cares and Solicitudes and things of that kind which doth lessen the Native heat and increase Crudities CHAP. XI Signs shewing the Scurvy hath already iâ—vâ—ded the Body FIâ—st A Heaviness of the whole Body Secondly A spontaneous weariness which notwithstanding Bodies that aâ—â— more gross and big may not so soon peâ—ceive without a continâ—â—l Exercise Thirdly A certain straitness of the Praecordiâ—m â—ourthly A debility of the Leggâ— Fifthly An iâ—ching redness and paiâ— of the 〈◊〉 Sixthly The colour of the Face inclâ—â—ing from a paleness to a dusky Where-ever these are found joyntly you may with certainty pronounce they 〈◊〉 the Scurvy Not that these be alâ—â—he Signs of this disease but that this â—â—uculent disease may be the more unmasked and every ordinary Capacity may understand whether he or she have the Scurvy you shall here have a more particular List of well-nigh all the symptomes of this Disease CHAP. XII THe Scurvy first invading there is presently a sense of heaviness and weariness without a manifest Cause over the whole Body mostly about the Vessel dedicated to Concoction and that from Cacochymia press'd out of all the Veins by the whole frame for by the heap of humours in this Evil there is need that the powers be stirred up 2ly They are troubled with a difficult and slow breathing especially between Labour when the sick is moved or stirred by Reason of a flatulent humour lying under and distending the Hypocondries together with the neighbouring parts the Diaphragma and Organs of Respiration 3. Often-times they are driven over the whole Body but chiefly through the external parts as the Arms Belly sides Hips between the Entrance of the back having a notable passage by the
in haste in that way that is most proper to the Bowels offended with respect to the Nature of the Plant and propensive working thereof That it is Anodyne is greatly probable not onely from the Experiment that some have of it for which cause they take it at bed-time but also from that frequent Experiment that hath been made of it viz. It 's fume onely being administred Glyster-wise in that dolorous Grief the Iliaca Passio in which it seldome fails of giving ease for a time It is diaphoretick by opening the Pores and causing gentle breathing Sweats and for that it is best taken at bed-time physically used viz. Two or three Pipes being taken in sixteen or twenty four hours it opens Obstructions of the Bowels Liver Spleen Ureters it dryes waterish humidities it exsiccatâ—s the Body is good for Dropsical distempers and Constitutions and all Rheumatismes where there is not a Hectick accompanying it repells melancholy fumes allayes the Irritations of thâ— Womb stops the Fits of the Mother helpâ— Concoction dispatches the mass of Food ouâ— of the Stomach into the Bowels and thence tâ— the Draught It is very penetrating by reasoâ— it abounds with a volatile Salt and sharp Oâ— in great quantity and of great force it is ofteâ— proved effectual in Rheums and Defluxions intâ— the Eyes being taken the ordinary way in â— Pipe It is singular in outward Applications it diâ—poses Ulcers and Fistulaes to healing it is â— powerfull Remedy against Tetters Ring-wormâ— all scabby and filthy cutaneous Ulcers beiâ— applyed by Unguents or Lotions viz. the Rooâ— being boyl'd in Water and the places bathed â— onely beware you use it not to the Stomach anâ— Belly for if to the Stomach you may be suâ—prized with strong Vomits if to the Belly witâ— many stools It is chiefly good for cold and flegmatick Coâ—stitutions cold and waterish Diseases Hydropical persons and such as abound with cold waterish stomachs But let those that be of a hoâ— dry and cholerick Temperament and Constitution beware of it for in such it over-heats thâ— Liver scorches the Blood and humours alteâ— the Temperament of the Body to greater dryness introduces a Hectick it destroyes the Oeâ—â—nomia of the whole body it nauseates the Stomach induces the Vertigo dulls the Appâ—tite causes a preternatural drought or thirst stupifies the senses over-heats the Brain it too mucâ— attracts the moisture and humidity of the wholâ— Body to the mouth and by that indangers the Aspera Arteria and the Lungs by defluxions it rots the Teeth over-much heats and inflames the Gummes and by that means makes the blood in that part as we call it more Rank it disturbs the faculty of the Stomach and hastens the Expulsion of the Mass too soon before the due time of Concoction be over and with the same haste hurryes it out of the bowels before the Chyle is duely concocted and afterward attracted by the Mesaraick Veins whence the Body waxes lean and more feeble And because the Aliments being over heated and somewhat mixed with the volatile Salt of Tobacco they are together carryed to all the parts and then if the Blood being waxed over hot be the Parent of the Scurvy why may not the improper and immoderate use of Tobacco be brought in amongst the List of Causes especially considering that the use of Tobacco and the Disease of the Scurvy are both alike Epidemical By this you may suppose that Tobacco is not of such universal use as is conjectured and that it is to be used not wantonly but physically That therefore persons may know whether it be fit for them to use it they must first consider their Constitutions whether they be Phlegmatick or Cholerick And for this they may have recourse to the first part of this Book and to its proper Chapter to which the Index will direct for it is onely fit for moist phlegmatick Constitutions and not for Sanguine Melancholick and Cholerick Secondly Consider upon a trial what Effect it hath upon you laying no weight upon the â—tracting Rheum to the mouth for the moviâ— of the Jaw and Mandable will attract moistâ— to the mouth the rolling of a pebble Stone aâ— many such things that have no Efficacy in theâ— selves will proâ—ure by reason of motion moâ—sture in the mouth Thirdly consider what diseases or distempeâ— you have confirmed or approaching for whiâ— you would use it with respect to what you hâ— hâ—ard above Fourthly You must respect the Measure Quantity you take that it be Medically used littâ—e at a time that Nature may not be so â— customed to it that she may take no notice of â— as hath been mentioned already Fifthly That it be taken at due Seasons aâ— that must be when the Concoction of the Foâ— in the Stomach is fully over which is two â— three hours after Meals such whose Bodyes makes soluble were best to take it in the Morâ—ing but such who are weary by Travel or lâ—bour were best to take it at bed-time For thoâ— that are troubled with sumes rising from beneaâ— whether vapours from the Womb or otheâ—wise let them take it when the Vapours begiâ— to stirre such who are Dropsical and offendeâ— with waterish humours may take it three timâ— in a day in the Morning two or three hourâ— after Dinnâ—â— and at bed-time The sixth thing to be considered is the manner of taking of it whether in a Pipe or bâ— chewing as some do or by snuffe as the I risâ— doe To resolve this question forasmuch as thâ— taking the fume by a Pipe the Tobacco being fired and the fire increased by sucking and drawing in the Aire thence is produced an Oyl and Volatile Salt of Tobacco which is descryed by its hot and biting tartness upon the Tongue and more plainly demonstrable by a trivial Experiment But this Oyl and volatile Salt is the same in kind that is drawn by the Chymical way whereby this Oyl and Salt being pressed out by the fire and uncloathed of its gross body becomes more hot and fiery than before it being consented to by all Chymists that the products of the fire carry with them an Impress of its fiery Atomes by which these things become more fiery and Caustick and therefore are not so friendly to the Stomach this Oyl and Salt being with the moysture of the mouth conveighed or gliding down into the Stomach is the cause of that variety of Effects that is wont to follow and it is not to be questioned but the fume so drawn and pressed out by the insuck'd Aire does carry with it some portion of this Salt and Oyl even as in Wood whose smoak sticking to the Chimneys is called Soot and by distillation yielding an Oyl and Salt inferiour to few but still these Vertues or Powers are according to the Variety of Concretes whence by burning this smoak or fume arises as may be apparent in the soot of Wood and that of Sea-coal yet if this Coal be distilled it yields an Oyl and
Head Tongue Lungs Heart Stomach Liver Bladde of Gall Spleen Intestines Mâ—sentery anâ— Womb but when they are called Stones peâ— Autonomasiam Catexochen they are theâ— to be understood to be begotten in the Reins â— Bladder because they are more frequently generated in these parts If the Stone besieges thâ— Bladder that is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but iâ— the Reins do labour with the Stone it is calle◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nâ—phritis The Stone is defined thus It is a solid anâ— hard body grown together into the form of â— Stone for the most part in the Reins and Bladder affecting them with a Nummeness froâ— an Earthy and salt humour bringing Obstructions and Distention The material Cause of thâ— Stone râ—jecting the Opinion of the Ancientâ— concerning the heat exsiccating indurating anâ— converting the gross and viscid matter into â— Stone is supposed to be a Stonifying Juice viz. An Earthy matter mixed with a Saltish in an equal proportion but the Efficient Cause to be a Stonifying Spirit placed in that Juice we draw in this Stonifying Juice with the Aliment which is found every where in all the Earth And so if by reason of the debility of the Concoctive and Expulsive Faculty or because of the abundance of that Juice all cannot be separated in the Stomach and expelled from thence but it then passes by the Ductum Thoracicum together with the Chyle to the heart and thence with the blood is carryed into the Aorta and at length is drove by the emulgent Artery into the Reins where it sticks to those extream small branches of the Artery or in the fleshy parts joyned to them and being hurried continually by the arrival of the blood in that place by little and little puts on the form of Gravel which if the sense of the Reins be stirred up with the roughness of them it expelleth the Sands leisurely with a serous humour but if the Gravel be generated in the Reins that be weak and there be perceived a dull sense in them and they are retained till they are united together they then grow into Stones which at length by a more forceable stirring of Nature it stirres up the Excretion of them and in the same manner is to be understood the generation of the Stone in the Bladder for if the temperature of the Bladder be not as it ought the Urine which should come out clear exactly mixed with all its parts passeth forth muddy and troubled and the Earthy and Tartarous parts being not exactly mixed with the watery settleth to the bottom of the Bladder and there by an innate power tendâ— to Coagulation and so passes together into â— Stone The antecedent Causes of the Stone are beside the dull and stupid sense of the affecteâ— parts much Cramming and Crudity unseasonable motion of the body after meat all Meatâ— which are gross and afford but a small Juice unripe and austere wines black thick and sweeâ— wines but most of all musty new thick anâ— muddy Beer also continual Riding Leaping and all motion which is made by the Back thâ— immoderate use of Venus To this place belong Hereditary disposition to the Stone but thâ— reason of that Stonifying augmentation in thâ— Reins of some but of others in the Bladder iâ— the strength or weakness of those parts by whicâ— the more weak Reins do fall more easily intâ— this Distemper of the Stone for which causâ— those parts that are more strong are most afflicted with the Stone of the Bladder and is morâ— frequent to Boyes but Old men do mostly labour with the Stone of the Reins These be the Signs of the Stone in the Reins First A fixed pain about the Loyns Secondly For the most part the Urine is crude thin anâ— waterish by reason of Obstruction sometimeâ— bloody when the Stone begins to move it self and dilates the passages and Pipes of the Processes breaking the flesh Thirdly A dulness straight down the Legges Fourthly A pain in the Testicles on that side in which the Stone is and the drawing or Retraction of it upward Fifthly Nauseousness to such a Subversion that they loath all meat and being received in they presently belch it out These be the proper signs of the Stone in the Bladder First A frequent pissing so that at length he come almost to piss continually that he can scarcely forbear pissing Secondly A suppression of Urine the Stone beating of it back Thirdly A Tenesmus which comes by the consent thâ—t the Anus hath with the Neck of the Bladder Fourthly A pain afflicting in some the whole Ductum Pudendi and in some only the Glans and that most cruel toward the end of pissing when the Stone is stirred by the course of the Urine and as it were presses the Sphincter Muscle with greater violence Fifthly There is a frequent erection and itching of the privy part Sixthly A sandy substance in the Urine and by that word Sandy understand a gross thick Gravel to which there is mixed a fat Earth this is that Clay-like Earth that sticks so stiffely to the botom of the Chamber-pot like snot For to preserve from the Stone and Gout the use of Rhubarb through the whole year is judged convenient at least to be taken thrice in a month from two scruples to a dramme at a time either by swallowing without the mixing any other thing with it or by mixing it with Sugar of Rosis The continual use of Sugar of Rosis some do approve above all others in preserving from the Stone there is scarcely any thing that may conduce more to the preservation from the Stone and without any hurt or trouble helping all the parts of the body but chiefly the Kidneys this wholsom help is temperate and that if the Reins be made larger tâ— a convenient state of Nature it self that it maâ— draw or cast forth those stones but if they bâ— full and obstructed then it abstergeth if theâ— be hot it cools it cleanseth the Stomach froâ— all Excrements above all others and strengtheneth it it driveth away all distillations therefore it is greatly approved if it be taken eveâ— day in the Morning one hour before Dinner alsâ— if it be taken twice or thrice in a month froâ— one Scruple to half a Dram. Of the Disease of the SPLEEN THE Spleen which is a certain Cook-rooâ— made for the receiving of the earthy anâ— muddy part of the blood that at length beinâ— there fermented and exalted it may pass inâ— a Ferment as in favour of heat to the blood again to be dispersed abroad This Spleen is infested with many diseases such as these Obstruction a Tumor distendinâ— the part a Scirrhus Pain Inflammation â— Wound an Ulcer c. It frequently laboureâ— with an Obstruction and that from the samâ— Causes which we have proposed in the obstruction of the Liver it is known by a weight anâ— resistance in the left Hypochondria with a certain pain and chiefly after long walking in
lyeth heavyer for that certainly a heap as it were weightily pressing into the Stomach and Praecordia The Inflamation of the Liver which the Greks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a hot Tumor of the Liver with a continual Fever stirred up from an impetuous affluxion of Matter accompanied with a sad Pain afflicting with the sense of weight the Signs of this grief is a weight in the right side of the Praecordiums stretched out from the Jugulum to the Bastard Ribs a small Cough and that dry difficulty of Breathing an accute Fever a Queasiness of Stomach a great thirst the Colour of the whole Body inclining to a Yellow this Tumor easily passeth into an Abscesses which if that happens it pronounces certain death and when it becomes an Imposthume Pain Fever and other Symptoms wax strong the Fits invade many times without order which being over an Exacerbation of heat follows the Puss being made all these things are remitted but the strength remaining is much weaker the Pulse frequent small and languid a frequent fainting of the Spirit the Abscessus being broke there breaks forth much filth from the Puss the Sick is detained with sometimes a hot sometimes a cold Intemperature there is a great loathing of Flesh nevertheless hunger does much hurt the thirst is vehiment the whole Body and specially the Palms of the Hands and the Souls of the Feet are hot the Face white soft habit of Body and raw and crude dejections CHAP. XXV A Cachexia A Cachexia is an evil habit of Body and as it were a Dropsie it is a more soft and loose Constitution of the fleshy and skinny parts of the whole Body and as it were a puffing up with an ill favour'd Colour of the whole Skin either Pale Livid or Leadish this evil is wont to come from impure naughty and corrupt Aliments but if these be not the cause it is charged upon the Imbecility or Impurity of the Stomach and Viscera for Imbecility produces a weak and crude Concoction for the parts of the more pure Aliments being carryed into the habit of the Body notwithstanding it is sent to and as it were agglutinated to the parts yet it is not perfectly assimilated and from hence is made not true and legitimate nutrition but a viscious and unprofitable the Impurity of the Viscera maketh an evil and corrupt Blood which at length is brought into all the parts and being unuseful to be dissipated into the Substance of the Body thence follow an unmeet nourishment the external Causes are Meats of evil Juice frequent gorging of the Belly studying too late at night over much watching suppressae evacuationes mensium suppression of the Hemorrhoides frequent bleeding at the Nose or stopping of other Matter which were wont to flow as a Diarraea and Dysenteria longa Long being in Prison and Subterranian places Venom being drunk or the Bite of venomous Beasts that also which makes much to this Disease is continual Fevers stubborn obstructions of the Liver or Spleen hard and Scirrhous Tumors old people are also corrupted with this Disease by reason of the Imbecility of the Native Heat and Women ob retensionem mensium and Children by Gluttany or excessive eating And also a Cachexia sometimes hath its original from an Ulcer of the Reins where there is Gravel when the perulent Matter by reason of the Obstruction of the Ureters flows back into the Reins and so infecting the Blood the whole habit is defiled CHAP. XXVII Of an Inflamation of the Lungs PEribneumonia is an Inflamation of the of the Lungs with an accute Fever difficulty of Breathing and a Cough the part affected is the Lungs either the whole Lungs or part either the right or the left side the Cause is Blood breaking copioufly into the Lungs and kindling an Inflamation the External Causes are vehiment Exercises especially after long quiet and repletion of the Body overcrying and Extention of the Voice anger the Cold Northern Air especially following the Southern the use of Stagnent Waters as Lakes c. Venomous Diets and sometimes mrlignant Humours as when the Peribneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs are Epidemical The Signs are straightness of the Breast with a heavy and grievous pain reaching to the Spine of the Back difficulty of Breathing and truly a greater than in the Pleurifie an accute Fever troublesome Cough a Redness of the Cheeks in the beginning no Spittle but in process of time there follow Crude Chollerick or Frothy Spittle The Cure is to be begun with opening a Vein a Glyster if need be being first administred CHAP. XXVII The Pleurisie A Pleurisie is a Disease of the Thorax or Breast the most molesting and accutest of all and there is none that assaulteth the life of a Man more it is an Inflamation which extendeth it self under the Ribs and the Membranes thereto adjoyning and taking its Rise from a thin Chollerick Blood with a continual Fever and pricking pain of the side vehiment Cough difficulty of Breathing it is caused either from pure Blood or hot and Chollerick Humours being mixed flowing into the Membranes the remote Causes are Cacohimia Plethora wonted Evacuations of Blood being supprest Flux of the Belly unseasonably stirred a Contusion of of the Breast from a fall or a violent stroke vehiment Exercise and after that Exercise a large draught of cold Water or the like a large drinking of more pure Wine too much hot or over much cold The Pathognomical Signs of a Pluresie are accute pains of the side difficulty of Respiration as also frequent and little a continual Fever and often observing the Fit of a Tertian in the beginning a dry Cough afterward moist with foul and colour'd Spittle there is an Inflamation of the Intercostal External Muscles this arises sometimes from Blood poured out into those External Muscles and sometimes from Winds and sometimes from a Distillation the true Pluresie is known from a Bastard that the sick cannot lie on that part opposite to the pained side because of the Membrane pained by the newly conceived weight But in the Bastard Plurisie it is difficult to lie down upon the side affected CHAP. XXVIII De Impyemate 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Puss and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Putrefaction Suppuration it is a Collection of Puss in the Capacity of the Thorax or Breast coming from the foulness and filth of the whole Lungs but it floweth thither either from an Angina or Peribnenmonia or it happeneth more frequently from a Pleurisie for these Coughs not being well cleansed there happeneth an Abscessus from which at length being broke there floweth a Puss into the whole Capacity of the Breast CAAP. XXIX De Pthisis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tabes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Corrumpo in Latin Tales and in general it is taken for the Extenuation of the whole Body and it is accepted for any thing that flows from the same Cause and in that sense it is taken among Physitians and so it is
taken frequently for that Consumption of the whole Body which flows from the Ulcers of the Lungs and so this Calamity may be defined it is an Ulceration of the Lungs from a sharp Matter coroding cum febre lenta a Cough with a foul and perulent Spittle by which by little and little the whole Body is Consumed aad Extenuated The Cause of the Phthisis is besides the viscions Constitution of the Lungs a sharp and salt Distillation from the Head as also a sharp Humour from the neighbouring parts cast into the Lungs as Inflamation Suppuration of the pleura mediastina Diaphragma and aspera arteriae which is converted into an Epyema and from those naughty depraved Humours which are generated there is produced a Phthisis and moreover from the broken or eroded Vessels of the Lungs and putrifying there this evil is contracted The Anticedent Causes be viscious Humours Collected in the whole Body which when they be moved or stirred from External Causes and transmitted to the Brain and thence flow into the Lungs and if to this there happens a suppression of other wonted Evacuations of the Hemorhoids vel Mensium The External Causes are Contagious Air very hot or cold or the Autumn Air. Those which are disposed to a Consumption are such who have narraw Breasts their Neck long and narrow and their Shoulders standing up The Signs be these a continual Cough at first a Bloody Spittle and afterwards perulent a small and continual Fever which afflicts most in the might an Extenuation of the whole Body a difficult Respiration the Disease being confirmed the Puss becomes stinking The Hair falls off the Nails are bowed inwards the Cheeks wax Livid the extream part and the Feet sweat and lastly there follows a Diarrhea CHAP. XXX A Catarrh or Rheum THe Head may be said to be the fountain and root almost of all evils and so it is proclaimed to be both from Hypocrates and the rest of the Ancients for when a Catarrh falls from the Head it is the cause of many Diseases for there are few parts of the Body safe from the Incursion of this Enemy the Ears the Eyes the Nose Jaws Lungs the Sides Arms Shoulders Flancks Glandula's Hips Legs and what part is there it doth not Invade for from hence follow Apoplexies Blindness Pleurisies Consumption of the Lungs Palsies Deafness Quinses Orthopnoiae Coughs Horseness Vomitings Inappitency Inflamation of the Liver Bladder and Reins pains of Collick Iliaca passio Fluxes of the Belly and Gouts of all sorts and all Rheumatism and what a Number of Diseases may proceed from a Catarrh so that it deserves to be called the Fountain of all Diseases and Complaints It is by the Latins called Distillatio but from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Name of a Catarrh taken in the largest sence signifyeth a Defluction from the Head to the inferiour parts but when it is taken more strictly it is defined to be a Defluction of an Excrementious Humour from the Head into the Palate Mouth and Lungs having its Rise from the Expulsive faculty of the Brain being excited The Material Cause is a Flegmatick Humour sometimes insipid and sometimes acid salt and sharp and sometimes also corrupt and hurting the substance such as is begotten and gathered in the Head in a contagious or malignant Catarrh or the faculty of the Brain it self being weak chiefly by reason of a moist and cold intemperature for that cause the Head is not able to concoct the Aliment destinated to the Brain neither is it able to dissipate the superfluities begotten there for either by Vice of of the inferiour parts for oftentimes the exhale from below and by studies and business presently after meat are attracted to the Head the Vapours and thick Fumes which the Brain bccause it is not able to beat back the approaching nor dissipate the Fumes already received must retain as in its proper Inn. Thus the Head in this manner being repleated with much Flegm or Vapours condensed into a waterish Humour at length the Expulsive faculty of the Brain being awakened ariseth which being desirous to unburden it self thrusteth forth the burden with which it is over much prest plentifully to the lower parts The External Causes which do either multiply or press out this Excrementious Humour and excite it to a Defluction is the more cold Air Northerly Wind cold Medicines applied to the Head a sudden change or mutation out of a hot Air into cold and so on the contrary the immoderate use of the more thin and clear Winds as also by the flowing of hot Humours hence it is that Catarrhs are more frequent in the Spring season also hot Baths unseasonable friction of the Head with hot cloaths vehiment Motions of Mind and Body heat of the Sun long Sleep over much Watching night Studies some Catarrhs are cold some hot others sweet some salt and some are suffocating when they rush with violence into the Lungs so that they expose a person to the hazard of suffocating and lastly some are contagious CHAP. XXXI A Dysenterie GAllen hath stated four Differences of bloody Dejections The first is when the Blood is cast forth pure by Stool by reason that there is an Imposthume in some inward part or from wonted or accustomed Evacuations is intermitred or from such like cause The second sort is when the Matter Ejected is like Water in which raw flesh hath been washed and this is called Hepatick or Flux of the Liver But the third is an Excretion of Black and shining Blood and this is Gold Melancholly But the fourth and last is a Dysentery in this the Intestines are primarily affected which does appear by the Torments and Gripings of the Belly and it is defined thus it is a frequent crude and perulent Dejection with pain and ulceration of the Belly and Intestines from a sharp Matter Eroding which is peculiarly contrary to the Intestines The next causes are certain sharp Humours obtaining a peculiar and an occult disposition with which the Intestines are Infested and Exulcerated The remote causes are naughty and unsuitable Food Musty Drinks Water that runs through Leaden and Old Pipes the use of Autumnal Fruits as of Grapes and other such like venomous and violent Medicines the Air in the Spring being hot and dry after a rainy aed slabby Winter accompanyed with Southerly Winds for oftentimes this Disease is stirred up at the end of Summer and beginning of Autumn and in Countries very hot for it doth shew forth very much Contagion in those hot parts of the World in the production of this Affect The parts affected are the Intestines sometimes the thick sometimes the thin and sometimes both if this distemper be in the thiner Bowels it bewrayeth it self very much in these following Signs The Torments do come by longer intervails the pain is more sharp and sheweth it self to be about or above the Navel the Feces and Blood are very much confounded and mixed together because
with such Weapons as shall encounter the strongest Adversaries of this kind and that these things reported commended be no Hyperboles It will appear because these things are grounded upon Reason Experience the two greatest Foundations of Indication in the whole Art of Physick And then as to distracted people you may see and Examine the Cures we have done for which purpose we have a very good Conveniency in good Air with Garden-room and good attendance and all other convenient accommodâ—tion for Persons of any Quality and at reasonable Rates and over whom we our selves have a watchful and careful Inspection and discharge the Cure with Conscience and satisfactory Diligence And for such of any Diseases mentioned for the greater satisfaction and certainty of Cure who are willing to have our own oversight and personal Care for such we have convoniency of room and other necessaries You have also our Scorbutick Drops famous for the Scurvy and all Fevers wonderful useful for all Seamen and Persons at Sea or Land being the best Antiscorbutick opening Obstructions of the Viscera strengthens the Parts kills Worms takes away the cause of Fevers quickens the Appetite and does as much as any one Medicine can do unalterable in any Climate small Dose without observing any difficult Diet and Convenient and profitable for any Age or Sex hurtful in no Diseases being friendly to Nature and next of Kin to our Vital and Animal Spirit All this is propounded for the puâ—lick good and that it may so prove read it over observingly consider diligently censure not till you do better and however accept it as a fruit of his affection who means well THE INDEX Chap. 1. MEdicine defined Pag. 1. Chap. 2. Temprraments 4. Chap. 3. Of Parts 7. Chap. 4. Of Humours 9. Signs of a Sanguine Person 12. Signs of â— Chollericâ— Person 13. Signs of a Flegmatick Person 14. Signs of a Melancholly Person 15. Of Spirits 19. Of the Faculties 21. Of Actions 22. Chap. 5. Of tbings Natural 22. Of Meats 23. Of Sleep 25. Exercise how to be performed 27. Passion of the Mind 29. Chap. 6. A Tract concerning the Scurvy 33. Chap. 7. The manner of its Generation 38 Chap. 8. A continuation of the Scurvy 46. Chap. 9. The Cause in the Blood 51. Chap. 10. The Extrinsick Cause 55 Chap. 11. The Signs abbreviated 58. Chap. 12. Tbe Symptoms by which Persons may discern that they have the Scurvy 59. Chap. 10. The Cure of the Scurvy 68. Vegitables appropriate to the Scurvy 71. Rules to be observed in Bread and Beer for Scorbuticks and all others 72. Properties of the best Beer Ale 81 The Nature usefulness and profit of Wine 97. Of the Stone in the Bladder and Reins 104. The Diseases of the Spleen 108. The Tenesmus 110. Of the Dysury 110. Of the Strangury 112. Chap. 13. The Leues Venerea 97. Chap. 15. the Diagnostick Signs 103. Chap. 16. Signs of the increasing Pox. 106. Chap. 17. Signs of an Inveterate Leues Venerea 110. Chap. 18 Of a Gonorrhea 116. Chap. 19. Description of the Dropsie 119. Chap. 20. The Hypochondriack Melancholly 124. Chap. 21. The Histerick Passion 129. Chap. 22. The Jaundise 113. Chap. 23. The Chollick 135. Chap. 24. Diseases of the Liver 138. Chap. 25. Cachexia 142. Chap. 26. Inflamation of the Lungs 144. Chap. 27. A Pleurisie 145. Chap. 28. An Impyemate 147. Chap. 29. De Phthisis 148. Chap. 30. A Catarrh 150. Chap. 31. A Dysentery 153. Chap. 32. A Diarrhea 156. Chap. 33. Caeliack and Lienterial Passion 117. Chap. 34. The Asthma 159. Chap. 35. Of the Gout 161. Chap. 36. Of the Angina or the Quinsie 162. Chap. 37. Descriptioni of a Phrensie 165. Chap. 38. Melancholly Madness 167. Chap. 39. Of a Mania 168. Chap. 40. The Palpitation of the Heart 170. Chap. 41. Of Worms 171. Chap. 42. A continual Fever 173. Chap. 43. An Intermitting Fever 181. Chap. 44. A Hectick Fever 186. Chap. 45. The Ricket 189. Chap. 46. A Convulsion 191. Chap. 47. Of a Rheumatism 193. Medicines for every Disease 194. The great Arcana's 209. Instances of great Cures 219. CHAP. I. Medicine Defined MEdicine is defined with respect A Galen de constitutione artis to its End in this manner It is an Art which teaches the preservation of present health and the restoring of that which is lost or a Science by which we protect the present health and expell Diseases In Physick be these five parts First 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Physiology Secondly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Pathology Thirdly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Semeiotical part Fourthly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Dietetical part Fifthly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Therapeutical part The first of these treats of those things which are call'd Natural as Elements Temperaments Humours Parts Faculties Actions and Spirits An Element is defined to be the least or most simple part of the thing which it composeth Or thus the four first or simple Bodies are called Elements Fire Air Water and Earth or an Element is that most simple part which cannot be divided into any species diverse from it self and that which is not perceptible to our Eye but is imbarqued in the shell or clothed upon with those more 〈◊〉 Bodies â—hich we call Elements And therefore those pure virgin or unmixed Elements are rather to be conceived in our Minds than otherwise to be apprehended because they present not themselves to any mortal view And they are called Elements because they are those first Principles that enter into the composition of all Natural and created Beings and by reason oâ— their Effects they are described or express'd by Hypocrates by the names of Qualities as Hot Moist Cold and Dry. Of these Elements there are in number Four Fire Air Water and Earth and every one of these have a doublâ— Quality The Fire is hot and dry thâ— Air is hot and moist the Water is colâ— and moist and the Earth is cold anâ— dry These Elements you see have eacâ— of them two Qualities viz. The Fire is hot and dry the Air is hot and moist c. that so their first Qualities might be tempered by other qualities viz. the Moistness of the Air might temper the Heat of the Fire And these Elements are by Philosophers divided again into Male and Female the Male are the Fire and Aire and the Female are the Water and the Earth the first of these forms and concocts the seed and by the Aire as it were the sheath oâ—â—â—e conceived seed sends iâ— iâ—â—o the Water and Earth there as in its proper Matrix to be formed according as the Archeus or Spiritus Mundi shall dispose and the Nature of the place or Womb shall be adapt for those seeds in order to the production of such and such an Off-spring These Four Elements in the composition of mixed Bodies retain the qualities and are so mixed on with the other that no simple part may be found Of these Elements two
lengtâ— of time there is perceived a livid colour of thâ— Face and there appears other tokens of Melancholy prevailing A Scirrhus is a hard Tumor of the Spleen having its rise from an indurated gross humour it hath the same Cause with a Scirrhus in the Liver and both have the same diagnostick signs save onely in the Scirrhus of the Spleen the hardness and resistance is perceived in the left Hypochondria Sometimes a pain afflicts the Spleen without hardness and that rises from a flatus which distendeth not onely the substance of the Spleen which is almost without sense but also the encompassing Membrane it self It is distinguished from the pain of the Collick by this that it is more grievous and fixed onely in a place An Inflammation of the Spleen is of the same nature with an Inflammation of the Liver it differs onely in this that this is very seldom from pure blood but most frequently from gross and melancholly blood and it hath the same Cause as well the Adjunct as the Antecedent The Signs are a Tumor and hardness in the left Hypochondria stretched forth to the Diaphragma and Shoulder also there 's a pain and pulsation in the same Hypochondria a continual Fever a loathing of Meat a thirst a small blackness of the Tongue they are most troubled lying upon their right side because of the weight of the Bowels lying upon the Stomach and sometimes also the left if the Tumor be great and sometimes this Tumor is of the figure and form of the Spleen and sometimes it filleth the whole left Hypochondria and sometimes it appears below the Navel the multiplyed matter occupying the neighbouring parts and especially the Navel A TENESMVS A Tenesmus is a continual cruel eager desire to go to Stool but in vain for that they can discharge nothing from them or little oâ— no Excrements come away Nevertheless they ought to cast forth something and when they have they are stirred up with new desires to go to Stool although by endeavour they caâ— do nothing The part affected in this Evil iâ— the Extremity of the right Gut the Cause is any thing that stirres up the Expulsive Faculty of the right Gut as an Exulceration of the righâ— Gut from a Dysentery or from a sharp biting and salt humour sticking to a Tumor of the neighbouring parts also a Stone sticking in the neck of the bladder also a cold intemperature of the part contracted from sitting upon a colâ— Stone or long stay in the Water Of the DYSVRIE THE Dysurie is a difficulty of Pissing oâ— an Excretion of Urine with great pain and torment it differs from the Strangury by a manifest Effect That in the Strangury or dropping of the Urine the bladder doth not tarry till the whole Urine be gathered together but expells it as it were presently with pain but it stayes in the Dysurie and truely continues longer than is meet but when it is discharged the Sick perceives a pain and such difficulty that often-times unless he press the place of the Bladder with the hand or he use great endeavour the Urine flowes not freely Moreover in the Strangury it is neither restrained nor liberal for it is made by drops but in the Dysurie it is liberal but not restrained or if it be not made freely it is wholly restrained The Cause is either in the Urine or in the Neck of the Bladder in the Urine when it passes forth more sharp by reason of a more hot Diet or by the mixtion of sharp and acrid humour as Bile and salt Phlegme or of Pus flowing out of an Abcessus being broke or if there be an Exulceration or Inflammation in the neck of the Bladder which maketh the Urine passing that way sharp By the Name of a Dysurie is sometimes understood that which is called the Heat of Vrine for there are the same Causes in both Of the STRANGVRY 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gutta a Drop and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vrina Urine it is an Excretion of Urine made by drops either with or without pain and a continual desire to make water The Cause of this affect is sharp humours the Stone an Inflammation of the right Gut or of the Womb and also Pus sent from the Reins oâ— Bladder all which produces this affect by stirring up the Expulsive Faculty of the Bladder by reason of the Sphincter Muscle The External Causes are the drinking of Wine or faeculent Beer eating of crude Aliments as Pease Beans c. And this Diseasâ— is sometiâ—â—s mixed with the Ischury and Dysury CHAP. XIV The Leues Venerea LEues Venerea hath obtained variety of names the Neopolitan Disease Malum Indicum the Indian Evil Morbus Italicus the Italian Disease and by Fracastorius Siphilis Pudendagra the Great POX but in common Morbus Gallicus the French POX a name by which it is as well known as any it may aptly be called Flagellum Dei Irati the stroke of a Provoked God It is defined thus The POX is an occult and contagious Disease of the whole substance of the Body bewraying it self by Pustles Marks Ulcers Torments and Pains the Efficient cause is an occult and venomous Quality contracted by contagion and touch and sticking in a certain Humour as the subject but this pernicious spot although it spread it self abroad by various ways yet it is mostly propagate into Mankind by a Venereal Copulation and this Evil being sowed the cruel Symptoms bud through the whole Body the Mind is sad the Body is weary and heavy the Face pale Pustles breaking forth chiefly about the Forehead and then over the whole Body there 's felt a wandring and vehement pain now in the Head anon in the Muscles and by and by in the Joynts and chiefly molesting in the night bewraying it self by a stinking and foeted Gonorrhea Ulcers and Bubo's arise about the Privy-parts there also happen naughty Distillations which do Erode one while the Palate another â—hile the Uvula and sometimes the Jaws and Almonds sometimes consume the Lips in some the Nose in others the Eyes and in some the whole Privy-parts are consumed and all the Members do languish there is no desire to Meat no sleep but sadness and a continual disposition to anger Some time they are accompanied with a small Fever there happens a shedding of the Hair a falling out of the Teeth and when the Malida becomes very inveterate there are Cancerous Calous Fistula's Ulcers and Tophies viz. in various parts of the Body a Caries or Rottenness of the Bones and first in the Cranium then in the Palate and Nose a Hectick Fever a Consumption Cachexia or an evil habit or disposition of the whole Body Falling-Sickness Deafness Blindness Exastocis or bunching out of the Bones and these are done in a double manner either by the adhesion of the gross or viscide matter fixed or fastned to the Bones or in the manner of an Excrescence of the Bone from
speed the person that hath the Jaundise and it is so called Galgulus which if it be beheld by a person that hath the Jaundise the Bird presently dies but the Sick is healed in Latin it is called Aurigo the Kings-evil Regins Morbus Arquatus the Kings Disease or the Kings-evil it is the Effusion of Choller through the whole body the Cause is attributed to an obstruction of the passages of the Bladder of Gaul and biliary Pores and hence the Choller of the Bladder of Gaul destinated to the Intestines the Ductus being abstructed is rejected and is for that Cause disgorged into the Blood from whence it is sent forth every where into the Blood and from thence it is thrust forth every way into the Skin one is called the Yellow and the other the Black and both is produced from one and the same Cause they differ in this that in the Black the Gauley Bladder being longer obstructed so that the particles of the Gaul is so Copiously heaped up being not Concocted they produce a Black Colour not a perfect Yellow to the Blood and Serum the Stools in the Jaundise are whitened but not always the Jaundise thickens the Urine and from thence it looks blackish it suddenly invades a Man and for the most part without a Fever and without any great decays of strength also the Jaundise is produced by reason of the ill Disposition of the Liver from the hot intemperature of the same either with or without an Inflamation It comes in Fevers in manner of a Crisis and also by drinking of Poyson or biting of venomous Beasts by which the whole Mass of Blood looses its former purity and is corrupted into a Citron Colour'd Humour by which means at length the whole Skin is infected and tincted with a Yellow Colour for the Jaundise is known by the Yellow Colour of the whole Body but chiefly perceived in the Whites of the Eyes as also by the dullness and Itching of the Body bitterness of the Tongue Chollerick Vomitings and Sighings CHAP. XXIII The Chollick THis Disease the Chollick takes its Name from the Gut called Colon because it is in that Gut wherein it doth exercise its cruelty and the Torment of it is oftentimes so much that many are most miserably handled by it There is a sad sense of Pain of the Bowels and chiefly of the Colon with the Retention of the Stools arising from a Solution of Continuity The nearest Cause is Solution of Continuity for so great a Pain can scarce draw its original from any intemperature only the material Causes are Winds indurating Excrements stopped in the Intestines especially Chollerick and Fâ—gmatick Humours and sometimes an Inflamation and also Worms and any other matter whether cold or hot and whatsoever can obstruct corode and press the Intestines or much alter them because they are not able to refuse the maliguant matter and these things can stir up the Pain of the Chollick but the matter causing this Pain is sometimes contained in the Cavety and sometimes between the Tunicles or Wrinkles and Folds of the Intestines Among Physitians there is mention made of a Three Fold Chollick of a Windy secondly a Flegmatick and Chollerick That which ariseth from Winds hath mostly a wandring Pain which doth not stay long in the same place but one while upward another while downward and anon wanders into the other side and there Torments by distending the part The Chollerick Humours being the Cause they produce the Collick with the sense of a gnawing Pain and oftentimes it hath accompanying it a thirst and bitter 〈…〉 Mouth That which takes its Rise from vitriated Flegm if stiffly adhering to the Intestines produceth as it were a sense of perforating the Intestines with an All or Stake and is frequently accompanied with a Nauseousness and Vomiting a Retention of Excrements so that sometimes the Wind can neither break upward nor downward and oftentimes a Pain now in this part and anon vehimently infesting another by which the Pains of the Chollick may be distinguished from the Pains of the Gravel and Stone but it is much more manifest if the Pain be in the higher parts of the Reins and vitriated Flegm be ejected by Stool or the Pain hath been quieted either with the Ejection of the indurated Stools or with other matter for these do sufficiently manifest the Chollick other ways as chiefly the place and a stability but otherwise dull pain of the Legs straight upward and the Exclusion of Sand Gravel and Stone doth shew that the pain is the pain from the Stone CHAP. XXIV The Disseases of the Liver THe Liver whose Office it is to receive the Blood from the Vena Portae being seperated from the Gaulish Humour and depurated and to lead it into the Vena Cava it lies open to many and various Diseases such as be hot and cold Intemperatures Obstruction Scirrhus Inflamation and Pain an Obstruction is very familiar to the Liver and it is assaulted with no distemper more than this which is easily done by reason of the small Branches of the Vena Portae dispersed every where into the substance of the Liver the Causes be these First the more obstructed Pores of the part binding things a Contusion Compression and Ligature The second is by reason of the unaptness of the Blood to pass the Pores because of its great Viscidity and Thickness The Third is the Oppression from the plenitude of the part because of a fuller Diet Exercises omitted and suppression of wonted Evacuations Heaviness and Distention with a Dull Pain doth shew this Affect and chiefly if it be in the right Hypochondria and it is chiefly manifest when any one will sustain an Exercise after Meals A Scirrhus of the Liver is a preternatural Tumor in that part hard and resisting the Touch and without pain unless it be strongly prest and it draws its original from a stubborn and inveterate Obstruction for the most part but sometimes though rarely from an Inflamation and this is not done suddenly but step by step for in the first place the Humour the Author of the Obstruction doth fill and stuff the small Veins of the Liver this being done from thence it doth rebound into all the substance of the Viscera and obstructing it and from thence the Veins hence being heaped up much fuller the Liver distendeth into a large heap that it appears swell'd and then being dryed and the thinner part by the force of heat is dissipated so all the rest waxeth hard and by the mixtion of it the substance of the Liver doth wast and at length there is produced a true Scirrhus more easily perceptable especially by the Touch if the Party be tender and the Belly be not fat and the Sick lying straight upon his Face either in the left side for it cannot be discerned without the Touch for it is circumscribed in the Place and Figure of the Liver Moreover it is perceptable easily lying upon the right side but the left
before they are cast forth they perform a long Journey When the thicker Bowells are affected the pain is not so great and the Torments are not only felt in the lower Bowels but also presently after the Torments the Excrements are cast forth upon which also there swimeth a Cruor which is in the other intimately united CHAP XXXII A Diarrhea A Diarrhea which as it is commonly taken doth note every flowing of the Belly but properly so called it is an immoderate frequent or continual dejection of the Belly in which there flows not Crude Aliments as in a Lienteria neither bloody filths as in a Dissenteria but Excrementious and more unmixed Humours more sincere in quantity and quality without Inflamation Exulccration or a vehement sence of Pain the abundance and pravity of the Humours procureth this Disease by stirring up the Expulsive faculty of the Stomack and Intestines things furthering this Disease are Errors committed in Diet and Meats of evil Juice venomous and easily corrupted and gorging themselves with excess of Food new Beer or Ale intemperate Air the omission of bodily Exercise the constriction of the Pores of the whole Body In a Diarrhea there be many Differences by reason of the Matter which is Billious Flegmatick Melancholick and serous by reason of the place from whence the Matter floweth for in some it is from the whole Body but in others from some peculiar part as from the Brain the Stomack Intestines Missentery Liver Spleen and Womb and lastly with respect to the manner and efficient Causes for some are Critical the appearing Signs of concoction in Fevers being rightly done by Nature this way others are Symptomatical breeding of Teeth in Children doth produce a Flux of the Belly CHAP. XXXIII The Caeliack and Lienterial Passions THese Affects are known more or less according to the difference agreeing or disagreeing which in both is an Excretion by the Belly of uncocted Foods but they are distinguished by this that a Lienteria laevitas Intestinorum is an over quick and sudden Excretion of unconcocted Food being not changed or altered neither in substance nor in the due Colour but in the Caeliacal is the Food received or alterâ—d passing from the Stomack into the Bowels is in some meaner manner concocted The cause of both is the retentive faculty of the Stomack and Bowels being hurt in a Lienteria it is almost abolish'd but in a Caeliaca it is but diminish'd the retentive faculty of the Stomack is abolish'd or diminish'd from the same Causes as they are more grievous or more gentle there is most frequently a cold and moist intemperature joyned with a Flegmatick Humour relaxing the Ventricle and smiring the wrinkled Superficies thereof that it cannot retain the Aliment falls into the Bowels unconcocted This is done by reason the Expulsive faculty of the Stomack and Bowels is irritated from gnowing Humours which by pulling stirs up an untimely Excretion an Inflamation in like manner stirs up this faculty and also an Ulcer of the Stomack or poison taken or things of a Malignant quality besieging the Stomack In the Caeliacal Passion this is taken for a Cause viz. the straining through of the Chyl being hurt by the spungeous scurf of the Intestines in passing into the Milky Veins moreover the Lienteria does often succeed most grievous and deadly Diseases as it is seen in a Dyssentery and malignant Fever because of the great imbecility of the retentive faculty These Evils are not to be slighted for that they draw the nutriment from the whole Body CHAP. XXXIV The Asthma THe Asthma or short Breath it is called in Latin Suspirium it is defined thus it is a frequent hard and and short breathing or difficult Respiration and oftentimes without a Fever joyned with a great contention of the Lungs the cause consists in the straightness of the Lungs which being stopped with a gross viscid Humour very stiffly sticking to the Pipes and Caverns of the Lungs and being stopped it draws its original from thence thin and serous Humour and also copious is frequently the Efficient of this evil A Tubercules or Push as also Gravel sticking in the Lungs do act their parts vere often in producing this Affect All these are wont to produce the Asthma by obstructing either by stopping the aspera Arteria the smoother Arteries or subsisting in the substance of the Lungs the Morbick Matter by pressing the Lungs or obstructing or pressing somewhat into the Lungs by reason of the debility of the Viscera it is gathered together by little and little and sometimes it flows from another place from the Head in the manner of a Catarrh which is rare or from the Pulmonal Artery CHAP. XXXV The Gout ARthritis or the Joynt-disease Morbus articularis which is also called Gutta articulorum plurium it is a pain running from thence which is a defluction of a serous and sharp Humour falling into the Joynts hath stirred up the parts affected the Membranes Tendones and Ligaments taking their original from the Periostium and from thence indued with sense for the Joynt is made firm from these the conjunct cause of the Gout is solution of unity but the Antecedent is a serous Humour Salt and Tarterous from Aliments impregnated with a Tarter from the imbecility of the parts appoinâ—ed to concoction taking its original from thence those Foods being not well digested by this means this salt and subtil Humour comes to the Joynts the sensible parts being partly distended and partly tearing by its Acrimony bringeth most cruel and sharp Torments which can scarcely be laid asleep again although helps be administred by the very hand of Apollo and hence it is called medicorum opprobrium CHAP. XXXVI Angina or the Quinsie ANgina is called so ab strangulo to choak or be strangled the Symptoms are properly of the Face and Larinx and it is terrible and deadly as well for the sharpness of Pain as for the interception of the Office necessary to maintain Life and the oppression of the part by whose Office life cannot be for it hindereth the swallowing necessary to Life it taketh away the Respiration without which the Animals cannot live to the point of Life It is defined to be a Flegmonous Affect of the Jaws all the parts of the Gula or Throat by which as the Meats and Drinks and also the Spirits do enter so in this Affect it thrusts them forth But some are Legittimate and True some be Bastard there be four Species of the True one which Hypocrates doth account the most dangerous of all wherein there is nothing appears neither in the Jaws nor Neck but this kind of all most obstruce Inflamation doth inflict most and grievous Symptoms not without fear of present strangling by this Fernelius saw a sick person die in the space of Eighteen Hours being sound in his Mind and intire in his senses this kind is called Angina latens The other is that interiour Laâ—ings of the Jaws and Muscles are
assaulted with a manifest Phlegmon this is cruel equal and above the Symptoms but yet there there is less danger in that which shews it self in a manifest Tumor The third doth occupy the interiour Jaws together with the Neck in which the Tumor is without and the redness conspicuous with the heat and pain the Symptoms which are in the former is nothing to this and yet here is better hope of health the Inflamation getting outward it may be digested The Fourth is the lightest of all and is judged the safest which doth not take the interiour Jaws only but also the Pole and the Muscles and yet by a Tumor of these the interiour Muscles of the Laring is prest together and all the entrance is stopped The Causes of all is Chollerick or Sanguine defluction which flows down into these seats and bringeth either an Erysipelus or a Phlegmon Or Angina is wont otherwise to be divided when the internal Muscles of the Throat are inflamed with a great straitness of Respiration but also when the external are inflamed Again when the internal Muscles of the Face are taken with a Phlegmon and doth very much hinder the swallowing and at length the external parts of the Jaws and Chin are besieged with an Inflamation Nota The Bastard is without a Fever this is produced when there is a petuitous distillation falling into the Jaws and Muscles of the Neck and then perchance there is a Tumor but without redness heat or a Fever Hitherto belongs that Species of an Angina which is produced by no proper Affect but when the Vertebraes of the Neck loosened within the Jaws and entrance of the swallow or Throat do swel and is made more strait it is known by this that the Neck is hollowed within the Sick grievously afflicted with Pain also a fall or a stroke went before or the Humour hath loosened the bands of the Vertibraes CHAP. XXXVII The Description of a Phrensie APhrensie is a perpetual or continual Delirium taking its original from an Inflamation of the Membranes of the Brain The Causes of a Phrensie is Chollerick Blood fallen out of the Vessels transpiration being intercepted it putrifies in the Membranes of the Brain external Causes increasing the Distempers are hot Air the rise of the Sun Strong Drinks over heating and inflaming the Brain Anger a Contusion or a Wound The Signs of a Phrensie are a perpetual Delirium or pratling and talking Idle Watchings a continual Fever the Respiration is low and frequent if it comes from an Inflamation of the transverse partition of the Brain but great and rare in a true Phrensie some are true which we have here described others are Bastard Phrensies which are called Paraphrenities and that is when hot Intemtemperatures are communicated to the Brains either from the whole Body or in burning Fevers or from an Inflamation from some one part viz. of the Stomack Liver Lungs and very often from the Diaphragma or Midâ—iff from the Inflamation of which there is usually stirred up a Phrensie resembling a true Phrenitis A Phrensie is a most accute Affect which oftentimes kills in seven days CHAP. XXXVIII Of Melancholly Madness THe Melancholly is a Delirium joyned with fear sadness or sorrow without a manifest Cause and without a Fever and it is either a deprivation of the Imagination and Ratiocination arising from from a Melanchollick Phantasm by which he is detained in his thought by one Cogitation without a furious anger and a Fever with sadness and fear the original of this Disease dependeth upon a certain disposition of the Animal Spirits produced from the mixtion of a Melancholly Humour to which there follows the sad dark Phantasms which afterwards rouling the Objects to the Intellect do stir up this doting and anguish of Mind They who have this evil Disease are sad and solitary very fearful and stubborn which from certain Phantasms to themselves which neither are nor can be they imagine many false things they fear things not be feared they sudden and disquiet the Mind without a cause they are silent Morose and suspicious they have hunger above what is usual they sigh often the Respiration is slow and seldom and so is also the Pulse they speak absurdly Some are primarily affected from the Brain Some by consent of the whole Body Others again are called Hypocondriack and do return by Circuits or Intervals And lastly others are thus by a Symhathy of the Womb. CHAP. XXXIX The Mania A Mania ab insaniendo by the Latines furor or insania it is a Delirium without intermission and without a Fever but joyned with a certain fearce rage it ariseth from a hot and fiery disposition of the Spirit and perchance accompanyed with a venomous and malignant quality Authors will have this Disposition arise from Atra-bilis They which labour under this Disease are searce and unruly unless they be stopt with Chains they tear their Cloaths and like unto great and fearce Beasts they do violence with Teeth Nails and Fists neither do they spare themselves moreover they sleep very little they have a stupendious strength of Body a noise or sounding in the Ears dullness of the head a shining splendor in the Eyes sadness and long cares having preceded anger upon a light occasion the Eyes set and flxed upon the Objects they behold much inclining to filthy and foolish laughter a suppression of the Months and Hemorhods These do shew the approach of this Disease Sometimes a Mania is produced from External Causes such as these Witchcrafts Nightshade the bite of Mad-digs or Wolves and sometimes it comes by consent of the Womb and then it is called furor uterinus CHAP. XL. The Palpitation of the Heart PAlpitatio Cordis it is an immoderate and violent Concussion of the Heart which being troublesome to it it endeavours to shake off facultas motrix doth occasion this some troublesome matter stirring of it up which do stir or vex the Heart such as vapours and flatuousness in malignant Fevers suppressio mensium Hypochondriack Melancholly approaching the Heart also putrid and sharp Humours and too copious and so Gravel and Worms for such as these be many times generated in the Heart and then it doth necessarily induce a Palpitation of the Heart and also Tumors arising in the Praecordium Blood effused from Wounds to the Heart and also a nefect of vital Spirits and preternatural heat in the Heart as they stir up by a more vehement motion so also a Palpitatâ—on which is a depraved motion ensues The External Causes are a vehement Motion and Exercises of Body too much heat and anger over much craming Poisons being taken too hot Bathings and Passions of the Mind do oftentimes precipitate the Sick by swounding to death viz. the Motion of the heart being interrupted CHAP. XLI Worms LVmbrici or Worms are wont to be in all the parts of the Body but chiefly in the Intestines from a gross and clammy Flegm which is corrupted and seated in â—he common
the state and declination in which some sooner some slower and in a longer time are wont to be dissolved the beginning ought to be computed from the time the Blood begins to wax hot and the Sulphurous part begins to take heat until the hotness and fury of the Blood hath over-spread the whole Mass of the Cruor and thence it is that oftentimes the Heat and Cold doth assault viz. by reason of the admixtion of the Crude Juice with the Blood The augmentation shall be when the kindling of the Feaver doth occupy the whole Mass of the Blood Viz. The Sulphur or â—leaginous part of the Blood being made hot and waxing hot by parts at length being like moist Hay laid up in a Rick after a long heating breaks out altogether into a Flame and the Mass with the Excrements or adust particles which increases the fermentation is aggravated at this time the Sick complains of intollerable thirst moreover they are afflicted with pain of the Head continual Watchings and oftentimes Delirium a Frensie and a Convulsive Motion there 's a loathing of all Aliments or they are cast forth by Vomit there 's a bitterness of the Mouth an ungrateful Savour a roughness of the Tongue a vehement swift Pulse the Urine exceeding Red and oftenâ—imes Muddy and replenished with contents The State is another time of the Disease by which Nature endeavours a Crises or Expulsion of the â—dust Matter remaining of the burning of the Blood for after the deflagration of the Blood and nourishing Juice this adust Matter is born in so great a quantity it growing turgent that it irritates Nature to an Expulsion which is called a Crises the Cause of this is rather to be fetched from thence than from the â—fluence of the Moon The Declination follows the Crises in which in the kindling of the Blood languishing it is not so hot and being very powerful with the Vital Spirit that now it subdueth the residue of this adust Matter and by little and little casteth it out until it be restored to the former Vigour or with the same too much depressed Spirit more infected with the adust Excrements and so it passeth away foul and impoverishâ—d so that it doth not assimilate the Nutritive Juice nor is it fit to circulation nor to come to the Heart nor to sustain the Lamp of Life CHAP. XLIII An intermitting Fever AN intermitting Fever is not less violent and intense during the time of the Fit there is in this a furious heat of Blood as in a continual yet this is not peculiar to an intermitting it hath a certain time of intermission and for the most part every Fit from the time of the cold or shaking and the Fits return with certain States and Periods of time so that it can hardly be measured more exactly by a Clock or Dial but this furious heat of the Blood constituting this Fever doth depend upon the assimilation of the nutritive Juice the vice of the Blood it self being fettered for whilst the nutritive Juice is not assimilated with the Blood for although the Particles do persist in the Mass of Blood as a Heterogeneus and not of the same Stock or Linage yet now it â—â— Circulated with it without tumult or trouble and saturated with it to a swelling up of the Mass of Cruor and so that presently boyleth and catcheth a feverish heat with which it is subdued or thrust out of doors as a Hetrogeneous thing from the society of which when the Blood is freed the intermission of the feverish heat follows at length afterward from a fresh supply of this Juice a new Fit is induced for the cause of this cold and shivering in the Fit of this Fever is stirred up seems to be the fluor and sweling or puffing up Viz. of the nutritive Juice degenerated into a nitrous and acetous Matter wherewith the flowing Spirits and Heat are dulled and blunted from thence there is perceived in the whole body a sense of cold and the nervous Bodies irritated are stirred up into tremblings but afterwards with these nitrous Particles being thrust forth from every part into the Superficies of the Body the Blood being now freed from the weight and oppression of them do gather it self together and getting up again do begin to shine forth and so that most intense heat succedeth which persisteth till that Fermitive Matter be well nigh burnt brought under and subtillated and Evaporateth by sweat and insensible transpiration but why the Fits do return often in the appointed intervals of times such a reason as this may be given for it because an equal portion of the nutritious Juice is continually administred to the Blood by flowing into the Vessels Franciscus Sylvius thinks the cause of all intermitting Fevers to be the pancreatical Juice stagnant in some part of it or more The leading Vessels of the Pancreas being obstructed and by its delay in that place is made sharper and that acid Acrimonia and by the Flegm more or less viscid is the cause of the said obstruction the way being prepared penetrating by force and being poured out into the thin Intestine and their stirring up with the Choller and Flegm the fury of the intermitting Fevers are divided into Tertian Quartan and Quotidian the Tertian repeats its Fit every Third day and if it be Exquisite it begins with a vehement shivering to which a sharp and a biting heat succeeds which is turned into a sweat and the Fit is finished within Twelve Hours The Causes disposing to this Fever are a Hot and Chollerick Temper a youthful Age a heating Diet the more hot constitution of the Air Watchings Cares Anger Fasting over much Exercise sometimes the Jaundise comes upon a Tertian and then the Fever is discharged What Haley hath written is taught for a very vulgar Experiment in persons labouring with a Tertian that if Ulcers and Pustles breaks out in the Lips and Nose it presages the termination of the Fevers for indeed it is as it were a Crises also a Flux of the Belly coming upon a Tertian the Matter Concocted there dissolves it Again a Quotidian is that wherein the Fit is wont to return every day and oftentimes it returns in the Hours within night and without shivering but with Cold only or with a light or easie shivering from hence the Heat transacted in the time of the Cold is gentle and very little burning the Fit is protracted longer and oftentimes it is wont to indure Eighteen or Twenty Hours Lastly that is a Quartan returning every Fourth day it begins with yauning and gaping and a Pain of the whole Body then there follows a Cold after that a quivering and shivering with which the Bones seem as if they were broke where there is perceived a â—â—in which from Quartan is named 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the pain of the Bones the heat succeeding is very troublesome but more remiss than in a Tertian and Sweat doth oftentimes conclude the Fit This Fever
doth wont to continue longest and the which begins in Autumn and for the most part continues the whole Winter and departs not until the Spring unless by accident and so some do continue from one Year to many Years we have known some hath been extended to Seven Years and more but in Summer they be shorter Those things which dispose to this Fever are Autumn the Sea-Coast the end of Summer a Melancholly Temper and such who by an evil manner of Diet obnoxious to a Hypochondriack affection But the cause of these constituted Periods seem to be ascribed to the divers constitutions of the Blood Viz. by which from a due temper it is perverted one while into sharp and anon into an acid or austere disposition for which cause the divers intemperatures of it the nourishable Juice newly brought doth more or less depart from a maturation and degenerates sooner or later into a matter apt to ferment CHAP. XLIV A Hectick Fever FEbris Hectica that is a Habitual Fever or a Fever conversant in the Habit it is a preternatural Hcat in the substance of the Heart sticking and burning in the solid parts drying and consuming and brings the whole Body to extream leanness There are Three Degrees of this Fever The first is when the dewy moisture is dryed and consumed The second is when the fleshy and fatty Substance is depopulated and perisheth and in this the Extenuation of the Body is evident The Third is when the Febra's and Membranous Substance is wasted and the whole Body waxeth lean then follows Facies Hypocratica the gastly Countenance and the Bones only appear covered with the Skin This is the true wasting and Hectick which of the Greeks is called Marasmodes and which is incurable The internal Causes of the Hectick are burning and continual Fevers Ulcers and continual inflamations of the Liver Stomack Lungs Reins and other Bowels Those things which refer to outward Causes are such things as can generate other Fevers such things as do very much either consume the humid Substance in the solid Members or very much stirs up a continual heat or are apt to perform both to which the promptitute and disposition of the subject and the continual disposition of heating do make to the receiving of this preternatural heat Such are the heat of the Sun or fire vehement Exercise heating Meats and Drinks immoderate Excretions as a Diarrhea Dysenteria Animi Pathemata or more vehement passion of the Mind And lastly Hunger a more hot and dry Habit of Body is more apt to take this Fever The beginning Hectick is not easily known the other kind is difficultly Cured The Signs of all Hecticks are common the heat of the whole Body is equal and of which they do not complain nor do they understand themselves to be Feverish it first appears weak by reason of the fewness of the Vapours but if thou wilt apply thy hand longer there appears a sharpness and gnawing heat by reason of the dryness and solidity of the subject and greater in the Arteries than in other parts by reason of the communion of the Heart and this Heat increaseth one Hour or two after Meat is received no other ways waxing hot than Calx Vive if Water or any such thing be poured upon it the Pulse small frequent and swift the Urine oleaginous with a branny sedement CAAP. XLV The Rickets RAchites the Rickets a Disease unknown to the Ancients which yet at this day no Disease is more frequent in this Kingdom it is a cold and moist intemperature of the whole Spinal Marrow entring the Skul the arise of all the Nerves and of all the Membranous and Febrous parts of the whole Body with the defect and feebleness of the Spirits and tone of the parts visciated the cause and parts primarily affected do fetch their definition from this whose Signs and Symptoms are looseness and softness of the parts primarily affected debility and pining or enervation of the parts serving to Motion weakness and feebleness of the Joynts the Head bigger than is meet the Face fuller and more florid the Musculous parts wax lean certain Protuberations and Nodes about certain of the Joynts mostly in the Rist and in the Extremity of the Ribs a bowing or incurvating of some of the Bones which more frequently happens to the Bones of the Cubit Shins Thighs and Shoulders sharpness and straitness of the Breast Bunches and Tumors of the Abdomen Repletion and Tention of the Hypochondries a frequent Cough difficult Respiration and many other evils of the Lungs as the stuffing of them hard Tumors Imposthumes Inflamations growing or sticking to the Pleura a weak and a feeble Pulse the common Cause of which seems to be an unequal and unprofitable Nutrition the Antecedent Causes are beside the falt in the Seed of the Parents defiled with the like disposition redundant viscious Humours in the Body Flegm Choller and chiefly Melancholly but the Procatarctical Errors committed in the use of res non naturales Infants are taken with this Disease till they are Two Years and a half old and sometimes after CHAP. XLVI Of a Convulsion A Convulsion in Greek called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 according to the Celsus is a distention of the Nerves Or thus a Convulsion is a continual and involuntary contraction of the Nerves and Muscles towards their original upon which there follows a stiffness a deprivation of the Figure and Form of the Part with a most cruel Pain the Part affected is the Muscle which is the proper Instrument of voluntary Motion The nearest Cause of this Convulsion is an Irritation of the Nervous Parts from any thing molesting and troubling the Muscle the Animal Faculty performing the Motion being drawn into consent The Material Causes are any Humours Flegm only excepted so that they have acquired also a certain occult enemical disposition in the Nerve as also the Vapours and Humours in the Nâ—rves and Chollerick Disease which can pull the Nervous Parts and become a true cause of Convulsion A Convulsion is either of the whole Body or it is of more or fewer parts that which is of the whole Body doth constitute Three Species or Sorts the first is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when the Head Neck and upper parts of the Back is pulled together The second 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is when those parts or the lower parts of the Spine are vexed The third is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that wherein the Neck and whole Body appears stiff and bowed into neither part but these last Species of the Cramp are very rare Moreover there are other Species of the Convulsion which are wont to be called Flatulent which by the Italians is called Crampa and vulgarly with us Cramp this happeneth oftentimes to the Muscles of the Shoulders Shins Fingers Hands and Feet and this done with great Pain that which is stirred up from Flatulentsy is not so dangerous for that is easily taken away by frixion only CHAP.
Nature and Operation of the Sun for as the Sun is among the Stars so is this Pill to other Medicines the Son hath Light in it self and being the Fountain of Light communicates Light to others and radiates the whole Vniverse with its Beams attenuates and rarifies the thick dissipates the thin it Worms the Earth the Womb of Vegitables and Minerals it excites the whole Vniverse to perform its Office to which it is destinated So to be short these Pills of ours in like manner sheds forth their power in our Bodies they open stubborn Obstructions of the Liver Spleen Pancra's Missentery Midriff purges the Head cleanses the whole Body of Flegm and Melancholly takes away Obstructions of the Viscera and Vriters excites Nature into act by which means these Pills Cure the Scurvy Dropsie Jaundies Agues Fevers Kings-Evil Rickâ—ts Melancholly Frensie Madness Stinking-Breath Vomiting stopping of the Stomack Green-sickness want of Appetite kills Worms it Cures shortness of Breath barrenness in Women Fits of the Mother stoppages of their Months they dispose all filthy stinking Sores Vlcers and Fistula's to healing by mundifying and cleansing the Blood above all other remedies by altering and taking away thc acidity thereof and seperating its Hetrogeneous parts they resist corruption and putrefaction of Humours and these Pills are easie to take being few in number small in Dose gentle in operation certain in success being a certain remedy in most Diseases And such as have been famous for doing good and in some as it was said of the Sun they Eradiate the whole Microcosm with their solar Raies shaving off the occasional Causes of Disease and enlivening the Archeus or innate Spirit and inabling it to put forth all its power into Acts by which means the Functions are set at liberty to perform their respective Offices Besides these Pills Cure the Scurvy and Pox above all other Remedies causing the filthy Scabs to vanish and in short time to fall off like Leaves in Autumn restoring the Body in statu quo prius clearing the Skin of all morphewous filths and reducing it to its former floridity They that have this Remedy will want few others and for all mens use because cheap in price and excellent in their Effects The next Remedy is our Cordial Wine which Cures the Scurâ—y Leues Venerea Dropsie and Gonorrhea this Cordial Wine purges the Blood and frees it from all watrishness it opens Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen purifies the Blood promotes its Circulation comforts the Heart revives the Spirits opens the Pores causes gentle breathings and by gentle transpiration frees the Body from burdensome offending Humours and Filths cast to the Habit by which means the Body becomes quick nimble and sprightly fit for the performance of its Offices with agility and pleasure and as this Wine is of great Vertue so it is of small price and therefore a Remedy for the Poor The third Remedy is our Anodyn which puts forth superlative Effects in the Gout Stone and almost in all Diseases and especially in the most deplorable it is a most Rich high Cordial comforting and reviving the Spirit in the most languishing Disease seewtens the Blood thickens Rheums stops and totally takes away Catarrhs strengthens the Brain opens the Pores causes gentle transpiration an Effectual Remedy in all Rheumatisms giving sweet delightful and safe ease in all manner of pain even in the Stone and Gout in Excoriation of the Lungs and Aspira Arteria it is a good Remedy by which Consumption and Vlceration of the Lungs are prevented and consequently many delivered to our Knowledge from inevitable death In Vapours and Fits of the Mother where all Remedies have failed this hath never This Remedy dulls and takes away the Orgasmus Sanguinis which puts the Womb into such a fury that no other Remedy will so certainly safely and speedily appease it This being a Disease so general almost to all the Female Sex of what Condition or Degree soever and that which so miserably afflicts so many making their Lives so uncomfortable and by which means have cause to believe many are dispatched to the Grave alive under a bare suspicion that they are dead when they are only in a Fit through the ignorance of relation and tender these things considered what a value would this put upon such Remedies as that hath been found to be in truth time would fail us if we should tell the Times Cases and Persons wherein we have put a stop to the most Impetuous Carrear of the most truculent Disease Acute Peracute and Chronical we could instance in Fevers Consumption and sometimes where according to the Indicium of Diseases we have had good reason to believe a beginning Consumption of the Lungs by means of this Remedy the Rheums have been thickened the Brain comforted the Blood sweetened the tast whether Salt or Acid of the Catarrh or Snivil altered and sweetened the Hectick appeased the Feverish Morbifick Matter cast through the Pores they being gently opened the Archeus quieted the Lungs eased and a respit being procured to them from violents occasioned from perpetual Coughing and Labour to pump up the offending Matter and this not by stopping the proper passages of Expectoration and weakning of Nature stupifying the senses but by altering the dsposition of this forrein Guest strengthning of Nature comâ—orting and reviving of the Spirits fortifying of the parts and especially them most concerned the Brain and Lungs cooling the Fever This and much more is done if the Testimony of the Sick may be believed by this means as is said we have Cured Beginning Consumption and never could perceive the least Vestigium or Footstep of any inconveniensie arising thence and therefore this may be called Divine Anodynum for its apparent and superlative Effects that it puts forth in the most dolorous and afflicting Distempers and as in these so in many others Our next Remedy is our Laudanum without Opium which appeases the Archeus Eradiates the whole Microcosm with its solar Raies the Remedy is a true restorer and preserver of Health being given four times in a Month a preservative and commonly three times in a week for a Curative for this Medicine Eradiates its Vertue through the whole Body and Expels from it all Impurites either sensibly by Sweat or Vrine or insensibly by gentle or amicable transpiration The Fourth is our famous Antidote or Remedy against Convulsions and Falling-sickness with two or three Spoonfulls of of which according to age and strength we have snatcht many from the Jaws of Death where the Distemper hath baffled the mosr powerful and prevailing Remedies against those Diseases Instances of which we shall give you herafter at the latter end of this Book and though we have used them for may years yet to our Knowledge have not failed where instructions have been observed this Remedy hath no apparent Operation by either Vomit or Stool and suitable to any Age or Condition Fifthly our sure Balsom for the Asthma