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A11336 Regimen sanitatis Salerni This boke techyng al people to gouerne them in helthe, is translated out of the Latyne tonge in to englishe by Thomas Paynell. Whiche boke is as profitable [et] as nedefull to be had and redde as any can be to obserue corporall helthe.; Regimen sanitatis Salernitatum. English and Latin Joannes, de Mediolano.; Arnaldus, de Villanova, d. 1311.; Paynell, Thomas. 1528 (1528) STC 21596; ESTC S104705 118,349 224

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to the bodily hete But comparynge hit to ruddye blud and coler hit is colde Fleme is naturally whyte and this is called swete fleme extendynge this name swete to all the talages delitynge the taste for other wise this natural fleme is nat swete but vnsauery and watrishe and very nere the talage of water And to this fleme nature hath nat gyuen a ꝓpre mansion as she hath done to coler and melancoly but nature maketh it ronne with the bloud for it hath a very nere similitude to bloud And of this fleme there be .ij. necessites and one vtilite The fyrste necessite is that hit be nere the membres so that theyr vertue maye digeste and turne hit in to bloudde and that the membres by hit may be nourished whan they haue loste theyr naturall foode that is for to saye good bloudde throughe restrynte of material bloud whiche restreynt is caused of the stomake lyuer through some causes accidentall The .ij. necessite is that hit myngle with the bloud and make hit apte to nourishe the mēbres of flematike complexion as the brayne and nuche for that that must noryshe these mēbres must be well myngled with fleme The vtilite of fleme is that hit moyst the ioyntes and membres that moue moche leste they waxe drie through the heate that cometh of theyr mouynge and rubbynge Vnnaturall fleme may be deuided Fyrste in hit substance so some therof is muscillaginosū and that is fleme to ones semynge diuerse for in some parte it is subtile and thynne and in some other grosse and thycke it is called muscilaginosū bicause hit is lyke muscilages drawē out of sedes There is an other fleme that appereth egall in substance that is in subtilite grossenes to ones demynge but for a trouth hit is diuers in euery parte this is named rawe fleme And this encreasethe in the stomake and entrayles And to auoyde hit out of the stomake Hippocrates byddethe vs spue twyse a monethe and to voide hit out of the guttis nature hath ordeyned coler to runne from the chest of the gall to the entrayle ieiuniū so forthe to the other lower guttis to scoure away that fleme from the brymmes of the entrayles and to cause hit to discende downe with the other dregges and fylthe Some tyme this fleme is encreased in the veynes specially of olde folkes by minishyng of theyr digestiō and there remaynynge is by lyttell littell augmented and engrossed hurtynge nature whiche can nat by the veynes therto ordeyned voyde hit out yet it doth that is possible to kepe it from the harte and other inwarde membres and driueth it to the outwarde membres and specially to the legges for by hit heuynes hit naturally draweth to the lower partis of man And this is the cause why olde folkes legges are swollen that if one presse downe his fynger therin there taryethe a hole specially towarde night and in fatte folkes suche as were wonte to be nourished with moyst meates There is an other spice of fleme verye subtile wattrishe lyke vnto water some what thicke This fleme is verye often myngled with theyr spittyll that haue yll digestion and of those that be great drinkers it runneth from the brayne to the nose as hit is wonte in the begynnynge of the pose and whan by decoction and boylynge in man hit cometh grosse hit is turned in to fleme grosse white and muscillage There is an other fleme grosse and white called gipseum the subtile partis of this fleme is dissolued through it longe bydynge in the iointis and the grossenes therof remaineth in the ioyntis as harde as stones This fleme engēdrethe a goute vncurable There is an other fleme thycke and grosse lyke to molt glasse in colour clāmynes and weight Secondly vnnaturall fleme differethe in talage for there is certayne fleme that is swete whiche is by mynglynge of bludde with fleme And vnder this is conteyned the vnctuous fleme whiche is engendred by mynglynge of vnctuous bloud and fleme There is an other maner of vnsauerye fleme caused of rawnes as certeyne glassy fleme There is an other salte fleme caused by mynglynge of coler And this is more bytynge drier and lyghter thā any other fleme through the coler mingled therwith whiche is drie lyght and sharpe And this fleme is ofte founde in theyr stomakes that be flematike that drinke moche stronge wyne and that vse salte and sharpe meates and cleuynge to the stomakes causeth other whyle thyrst intollerable and runnyng by the guttis hit some tyme fleeth them and causethe the bluddy mensyn in the fundemēt ofte tymes induceth stronge ●o stiuenes There is an other fleme that is sharpe by mynglynge of sharpe melancolye therwith and some tyme throughe boylynge of fleme as hit chanceth in the swete ieuses of frutes that fyrste boyle and after waxe ripe And this fleme appereth oftner in theyr stomakes that digest yll than in other partis For naturally coler floweth to the mouthe of the stomake to stere vp thappetite whiche descēdyng downewarde some tyme myngled with fleme maketh it sower and this is ꝑceyued by sower belchynges And other whyle this fleme is engendred in the stomake by boylȳg with a weake heate There is an other fleme called pontike whiche is some tyme caused by mynglyng of pōtike melancoly But this is seldome by reason that pontike melancolye is very scarse Hit is some tyme caused throughe vehement coldnes therof wherby the moystnes therof is cōieyled and some what altered to erthynes and thervpon cometh no weake heate whiche causynge it to boyle shulde conuerte it in to sharpenes nor no stronge heate whiche digestyng hit shulde turne it in to blud There be .ij. kyndes of coler natural and vnnaturall Vnnaturall coler is the fome of blud whose coler is ruddy clere that is citrine in the laste degree of citrines as saffron heedes and hit is lyghte and sharpe and the hotter the more redde it is And after this coler is engēdred in the heed hit deuideth in two partis one parte gothe with the bloud in to the veynes the other gothe in to the purse of the galle The parte that gothe with the bloud entreth therwith bothe for necessite and profite Hit is nedefull that hit myngle with the bloud to nourishe the colerike mēbres Hit is behoueful that hit make the bloud subtile and cause hit to entre in to the veynes The parte that gothe to the purse of the galle gothe eke thether for necessite and profite The necessite is double The one is nedefull for all the bodye to mundifie hit from colerike superfluites The other necessite is in respecte of the galles purse The profite also is double The one is to washe the entrayles from dregges and clāmy fleme cleuynge to them The other is to pricke the guttis musculs that they may fele the thynge that hurteth them and voyde all other fylthynes The profe of this is that colike chanceth oftetymes by stoppynge of the hole
veynes may haue som respiracion and some yll fumes voyde out The .ij. is to drȳke and specially wyne whiche is good in blud lettyng if one hap to swoūde and also hit is very holsome after blud lettyng to reuiue the spirites engendre newe blud whiche thyng in practyse all phisitians obserue The .iij. is baynyng whiche is holsome .iij. dayes before and .iij. dayes after blud lettyng nat the same day Hit is good before if one thynke he haue grosse humors within hym for baynyng leuseth moueth humors for the said cause hit is holsome to take a sharpe syrope before to moue dissolue and make subtile the humours And therfore whan ye wyll let one blud ye must rubbe the arme that the humours in the veynes about may be made subtile prepared to issue out more esily Hit is holsom after blud lettynge that the residue of humours vapours left behynd may be leused Hit is nat holsome the same day for baynyng maketh the skyn lynnowe whiche made lynnowe wyl nat abyde the stroke gyuen in blud lettyng that is dāgerous The .iiij. is byndynge with lynnen clothes whiche is very holsome to stop the blud after euacuation therof before bledyng to drawe the humours to the veynes and to cause them to swel better to appere The .v. is moderate walkyng before blud lettyng to dissolue make subtile the humors afterward to leuse the residue of the humours lefte behynde Here note that some vse to be let blud fastyng but some other say hit were better to eate a rererosted egge fyrst and therto drynke a draught of wyne about the houre of .ix. or .x. before dyner and forth with to be let blud The cause is whā the stomake is empty nature reteyneth styl the blud more strōgly lest she shuld lacke norishement but whan one hath eate a lyttel norishyng meate as wyne egges is than nature suffreth the blud better to issue Exhi●ara● tristes iratos placat amantes Ne sint amentes fleubothomia facit Here be declared .iii. effectis of blud lettyng First it maketh a sad ꝑsone mery Secondly it appeseth angry folkes The reason is this moche melācoly myngled with the blud causeth heuynes and moche coler causeth āger whiche .ij. humors as they be myngled with the blud are drawē out by blud lettyng Thirdly hit kepeth louers from furious rauyng for it remoueth the blud frō the heed auoydyng it by the other exterior partis Farther note that there be .v. causes of blud lettyng The first is that the abundance whether it be in qualite or quantite or bothe shuld be voyded For as Auicen sayth two maner folkes must be let blud One is they that be disposed to be sicke that haue abundāce of blud in quantite The other is they that are sicke alredy through the malice of humors or blud But there is difference in these .ii. blud lettynges For blud lettyng for the abūdance of blud ought to be moche but whā it is done to auoyde yll blud it must be moderate as Galen saythe .ix. metategni And therfore they do very yll that let them selfe blede tyll they ꝑceyue the good blud issue for ꝑauenture all theyr blud shall rūne out er they se any good blud appere Therfore they shuld voyde a lyttel at ones and after the mynde of Galen in this case before they let one blud they shuld gyue hym good meates to engēder good blud to fulfyl the place of the yl blud auoyded and after within a lyttell space to let hym blud a lyttel and a lyttel This is called directe lettȳg of blud for it is done to auoyde abundāce of blud and of suche humors as shulde be auoyded The fyrst indirecte cause is the greatnes of the disease and greatnes of the apparent vehement inflāmacion for as Galē saith ther is no better medicine for an īpostume of vehement inflāmacion feuers great ache Gal. in cōmen illiu● apho qu● egerunt thā blud lettyng The .ii. indirect cause is that the mattier whiche must be auoyded be drawen to y● place frō whens it must be auoyded And therfore in retencion of the menstruous flixe emeraudis the great veyne in the ●ote called sophena must be opend as Galen saith to draw downe the mattier of the blud The .iij. indirect cause is to drawe the humours to the place contrary to that place that they flow to to diuert the mattier frō that place Therfore for to moche abūdance of mēstruosite the veyne basilica must be let blud to turne the mattier to the cōtrary part and so to voyde hit frō hit propre course And therfore he that hath a pluresie on his lyft syde must be let blud on the right side to diuert drawe the mattier to the place cōtrarie to that place that it inclineth to And like wise if it be on the right side to let blud on the lyft The .iiij. indirect cause is that bi lettyng of blud one portion of the mattier may be auoyded that nature may be the stronger vpon the residue and so lettyng of blud is holsome whan the body is ful lest impostumes growe for the regimēt of nature is feble ī regard of these humors wherfore a portion of the mattier is voyded lest through vnablenes of nature in gouernyng the mattier the mattier shuld flowe to som weake place and brede an impostume Fa● plagam largam mediocriter vt cito fumus Ex●at vberius liberiusque cruo● Here thauctor sayth that the gashe made in lettyng o● blud ought to be of a mean largenes that the same grosse blud may esily issue out for whan the gashe is straite the pure blud onely goth out and the grosse abith styl in And note that somtyme the gashe must be great somtyme small The gashe must be great for .iii. causes Fyrst bicause the humours be grosse and grosse blud must be voyded as in them that be melācoly Secondly in wynter the gashe muste be great for colde engrosseth the humours Thyrdly for thabūdāce of humours for they auoyde better by a great gashe than a small But the gashe must be small whan the ꝑsone is of weake strengthe that the spiritis naturall hete auoyde nat to moche and lyke wise in a hotte season and whan the blud is pure Sanguine subtracto sex horis est vigilandum Ne somni fumus ledat sensibile corpus Ne neruum ledat non sit tibi plaga profunda Sanguine purgatus non carpas protinus escas Thre thynges must be consydred whā one is let blud Fyrst that he slepe nat within .vi. houres after ●est the fumes engēdred by slepe ascēde to the heed hurt the brayne There be other causes Fyrst lest he in slepe turne hym on the arme that is let blud and therby hurt hym The .ii. is lest the humours by slepe flowe to the peynful mēbre by reason of the incision so brede an impostume For Galē saith that if
impostumes brede in the body or in a mēbre hurt the humours flowe thervnto But Auicen assigneth an other cause that by suche slepe may chance cōfraction of the mēbres The cause may be as Galen sayth that slepe is vnholsome in the ague fyt for natural hete goth inward Gal. ii apho suꝑ illo In quo c. and the out ward ꝑtis waxe colde the fumes remayne vnconsumed wherby the rigour is augmented and the feuer fyt ꝓlonged Also by mouyng of the humours ī lettȳg of blud fumes are reised vp to the senowes and braunes of the armes whiche remaynyng vnconsumed waxe colde in slepe and ingrosse in the vtter partes And therfore if one slepe īmediately after lettyng of blud they cause confraction of the senowes and braunes of tharmes Secondly he sayth that one in lettyng blud must beware that he make nat the gashe to depe lest he hurt a senowe or an arterie strynge vnder the veyne for hurtyng of a senowe causeth a mortal crampe or losse of a mēbre as an arme or a fynger and hurt of an arteri strynge causeth bledyng vncurable The .iiij. is one ought nat to eate īmediatly aft he is let blud but he must tary tyll the humors in hym be in qete lest the meate er hit be digested be drawen together with the blud to succour the hurt membre Omnia de lacte vitabis rite minute Et vitet potum fleubothomatus homo Frigida vitabit quia sunt inimica minutis Interdictus erit minutis nubilus aer Spiritus exultat minutis luce per auras subtile to rūne through out al the body outcept the matter be furious The .ii. is abūdance of the matt●er for Galē sayth on the aphorisme Inchoantilus morbis c. that it is than behoueful to be let blud or take a medicine laxatiue to alleuiate nature loded with abūdance of mattier The .iii. is greatnes sharpenes of the sickenes as whan there is a great an acheful impostume though the mattier be lyttel Gal. xiii 〈…〉 For Galē sayth if the impostume be great ye must let blud at the begynnyng though there be but lyttel mattier lest it breke or open er it be rype therfore to eschewe many incōueniēces blud lettyng must be done 〈◊〉 is so 〈…〉 eyther to 〈◊〉 or deth 〈◊〉 The .ii. rule is that blud lettȳg may nat be done on the day of mociō of the sickenes as in crisis nor no other vacuacion nor diuertyng of mattier frō the place that nature sendeth it to Nor like wise in the ague fyt For Galen sayth .i. aph that whā the sickenes is in hit estate neyther blud lettyng nor laxatiue shulde be done for than the matter rypeth whiche rypeth better by quietnes tha●●rryng The .iii. rule is that lettyng of blud shuld nat be done in begȳnyng of the sickenes whan crisis is remoued for Isaac saith in his boke of vrins that though the hart be the engēdrer of the blud spiritis yet the blud is fundaciō of natural hete susteyneth hit for hete is naturally therof engendred and therfore one voydyng blud voydeth hete whiche shulde digest the mattier of the sickenes and so cōsequently the sickenes is prolōged strengthe weaked And therfore hit is to drede lest through lengthynge of the sickenes and weakyng of the strēgthe nature shuld fayle The .iiii. rule is that the body hauyng dregges or filth ī the guttis shuld nat be let blud The cause is there be .iii. thȳges that draw to them hete emptynes all the shap nowe the veynes ēpted by lettyng of blud dawe to them frō the next mēbres as the guttis stomake wherby that bealy is indurated the mattier in the veynes more infected the miseraike draweth the humidites of the ordeurs the ordeurs are dried the more therfor ye must fyrst mollifie the bealy with clisters or suppositories except it waxe laxatiue alone The .v. rule is That lettyng of blud shulde nat be moche vsed for by oft vsyng therof one waxyng olde falleth in to dyuers diseases as epilencie apoplexie and palsey for by remouyng of the blud hete many flematike suꝑfluites are engendred that cause these diseases The .vi. rule is that a woman mēstruate or with childe shuld nat be let blud A womā with childe shuld nat for therby the hete that digesteth meate is dimin● and the foode of that that she goth with taken away specially whan it that she goth with waxeth great for thā it nedeth more foode This sayth Hippocrates .v. aph whā the menstruosite kepeth due curse voydeth naturally inough lettȳg of blud shuld nat be done but whan it voydeth to moche than to diuert the mattier it must be done for nature wolde nat be let of her operacion The .vii. rule is that after the colerike passion one shuld nat be let blud for bi reason that lettyng of blud sturreth vp the humors a colerike on the right side of the body stādeth the mēbre that engendreth blud that is the lyuer and the receptacle of coler the galle Autūne engēdreth melancoly whiche is gethered to gether nat resolued by wenter therfore in ver̄ and wynter those veynes shuld be let blud in whiche melācoly hath dominion whiche be the lyft side veynes for the splen is on the lyft syde of the body whiche is the receptacle of melācoly Secondly he sayth that these .iiii. mēbres the heed the hart the fote and the lyuer after the .iiii. seasons of the yere must be empted the hart in ver̄ the lyuer in somer the heed ī wynter and the fote in autumne Dat saluatella tibi plurima dona minuta Purgat epar splenem pectus precordia vocem Innaturalem tollit de corde dolorem Here he toucheth .vi. cōmodites that come by lettyng blud of the vey●e called saluatella hit is the veyne on the backe of the hāde betwene the myddyll fynger rynge fynger Fyrst it purgeth the lyuer Secōdly it clēset●●ene Thyrdly it mūdifieth the breast Fourthly hit preserueth the stomakes mouthe frō hurt Fyftly hit doth away hurt of the voyce Sixtly hit doth away vnnaturall ache of the hart The reason of all these cōmodites is bicause the forsayd veyne auoydeth blud frō al these places as after it shall appere For a more ample declaracion hit is to witte that in lettyng of blud other while the veynes be opend and somtyme the arteries The openȳg of the arterie is dāgerous the chiefe cause hereof is the ouermoche bledyng whiche is caused .ii. ways One is through feruēt hete of the arterie blud for a hotte thyng is soone mouable delateth openeth the arterie and therfore hit helpeth moche to voyde the blud in lettyng blud the arterie The .ii. cause is mobilite of the arterie and therfore the woūde or gashe in it is slowlier healed for woūdes without rest can nat heale Yet this lettȳg of blud is holsome .iii. maner wise Fyrst whan there is abūdāce of subtile blud ī the body Secōdly
to anger The laste .ij. verses recite some of the forsayde tokens and also some other Fyrste a sanguine ꝑsone is free nat couetous but liberall Secondly he is amorous Thyrdly he hath a mery countenance Fourthly he is moste parte smylynge of whiche all the benignite of the bloud is cause and prouoker Fyftlye he hath a ruddye colour For Auicen saythe that ruddy colour of the skynne signifieth abundance of bloud And this must be vnderstande of brighte ruddy colour nat darke suche as is wonte to be in theyr facis that drynke stronge wynes abundantlye and that vse sauces and sharpe spices for suche colour signifieth lepre to come Syxtly he gladlye singethe and herethe syng●ge by reason of his mery mynde Seuēthlye he is fleshye throughe the cause afore sayde The .viij. is he is hardy through the hete of the bloud whiche is cause of boldnes The .ix. is the sanguine persone is benigne and gentyl through the bounte of the sanguine humour Est humor colere qui competit impetuosis Hoc genus est hominum cupiens precellere cunctos Hi leuiter discunt multum comedunt cito crescunt Inde magnanimi sunt largi summa petentes Hirsutus fallax irascens prodigus audax Astutus gracilis siccus groceique coloris Here the auctour teacheth vs to knowe a persone of colerike complexion Fyrst he is hasty by reason of superfluous heate that mouethe hym to hastynes Auicē ii.i doct iii. cap. iii. And therfore Auicen sayth that dedes of excessiue motion signifie heate Secondly the colerike persone is desirous of honour and coueteth to be vppermoste and to excelle all other by reason that suꝑfluous heate maketh mās mynde prone to arrogāce and foole hardynes Thyrdly they lerne lyghtlye by reason of the subtilnes of the colerike humour And therfore Auicen saithe that the vnderstandynge promptnes and quicke agilite to intelligence betokenethe heate of complexion Fourthlye they eate moche for in them the heate digestiue is stronger more resolutiue than in other bodies Fyftly they encresse soone through strength of naturall heate in them whiche is cause of augmentation The .vj. is they be stoute stomaked that is they can suffre no iniuries by reason of the heate in them And therfore Auicen sayth secunda .i. doctrina .iii. cap. tertio that to take euery thynge impa●iently signifieth heate The .vij. is they be liberall to those that honour them The .viij. is they desire highe dignites officis The .ix. is a colerike persone is hearye by heate openynge the pores mouyng the mattier of heares to the skynne And therfore hit is a cōmon sayenge the colerike man is as heary as a gotte The .x. is he is disceyuable The .xj. is he is soone angry through his hotte nature And therfore Auicen sayth ofte angry and for a smal● cause betoketh heate through easy motion of coler and boylynge of the bloud aboute the harte The .xij. is he is a waster in spendyng largely to optayne honours The .xiij. is he is bolde for boldnes cometh of great heate specially about the harte The .xiiij. is he is wylye The .xv. is he is sklēder membred and nat fleshie The .xvj. is he is leane and drie The .xvij. is he is saff●on colored And therfore Auicen saythe that coler signifiethe dominion Restat et adhuc tristis colere substancie nigre Qui reddit prauos per tristes pa●a loquentes Hi vigilant studiis nec mens est dedita somno Seruant propositum sibi nit reputant fore tutunt Inuidus et tristis cupidus dextreque tenacis Non ex per● fraudis timidus luteique coloris Here he declareth some tokens of a melancoly ꝑsone Fyrst melācoly maketh folkes shrewde and yll manered as they that kyll them selfe The .ij. is great heuines for melancolye folkes are moste parte sad through theyr melancoly spiritis troublous darke lyke as clere spiritis make folkes gladde The .iij. is they talke lyttell by reason of theyr coldnes The .iiij. is they be studious for they couet alway to be alone The .v. is they are no slepers nor slepe nat well by reason of the ouer moche drines of the brayne and through melancoly fumes they haue horrible dreames that wake them out of theyr slepe The .vj. is they be stedfaste in theyr purpose and of good memorie and harde to please and this comethe throughe theyr drines The .vij. is they thynke nothynge sure they alway drede through darkenes of theyr spiritis In the .ij. laste verses he recitethe some of the forsayde signes and other Fyrste the melancolye persone is enuious The .ij. he is sadde The .iij. he is couetous Fourthly he holdeth fast and is an yll payer Fyftly he is simple yet disceitfull and therfore melancoly folkes are deuoute great reders fasters and kepers of abstinence Syxtlye he is fearfull Seuenthly he hath an erth ye browne colour whiche colour if hit be any thinge grene signifiethe the dominion of melancolye as Rasis sayth .ij. Alman Hi sunt humores qui prestat cuique colores Omnibus in rebus ex flegmate fit color albus Sanguine fit rubeus colera ●ubea qu●que ruffus Si peccet sanguis facies ●ubet extat acellus Inflantur gene corpus nimiumque grauatur Est plusquam frequens plenus mollis dolor ingens Maxime fit stontis et constipatio ventris B●caque lingua sitis et somnia plena rubo● Dustior adest sp●ti sunt act●a duicta queque Here the auctour puttethe the colours that folowe the complexions A flematike persone is whitely coloured the colerike is browne and tawnye the sanguine is ruddy the melancoly is pale colered lyke erthe Afterwarde the texte declareth .xij. colours signifienge superfluite of bloud The fyrst is whan the face is redde by ascendyng of bloud to the heed and face The secōd is whan the eies bolle out farther than they were wonte The .iij. is whan the eies are swollen The .iiij. is whan the bodye is all heuye for nature can nat susteyne nor gouerne so great quātite of bloud The .v. is whan the pulce beateth thycke The .vj. is whā the pulce is full by reasō of the multitude of hotte and moyst vapours The .vij. is whan the pulce is softe throughe to moche humidite mollifienge the mattier The .viij. is ache of the forheed The ix is whā the bealy is costife throughe great hete that drieth vp the fylthy mattier The .x. is whā the tonge is drie and rough for like cause The .xj. is great thyrste through drines of the stomakes mouth engēdred of great hete The .xij. is whan one dreameth of redde thynges Auicē ii.i doct iii. cap. vii This Auicen affirmeth sayenge Slepe that signifieth abūdance of bloud is whan a man dreameth he seeth redde thynges orels that he shedeth moche of his bloud ▪ orels that he swymmeth in bloud and suche lyke The .xiij. is the swetenes of spyttell throughe swetenes of bloud Here is to be noted that lyke as there be tokens of
fragi●is vel subtilis sensus stomachi sit Et fastiditi tibi sunt fleubothomandi Here thauctor putteth .xij. thynges that let blud lettyng The fyrst is coldnes of complexion for as Galen saith bloud lettyng cooleth augmenteth coldnes bicause as Isaac sayth bloud is the foūdacion of natural hete and in that bloud lettyng voydeth bloud hit voydeth hete so consequētly cooleth The .ij. is a feruent colde contrey vnder whiche a cold season shulde be cōprehēded whiche also letteth bloud lettyng for in a coūtrey season very cold the blud is closed in the depest partis of the body and the bloud that taryeth in the vtter partis the colde maketh thycke whiche to voyde is no wisedome The .iij. is feruēt ache vnder whiche eke may be cōprehended great inflāmation of the body for if one in suche accidētis be let bloud there foloweth motion agitatiue contrarie to nature and greatter inflāmation whiche weaketh nature more The cause of this motion agitatiue is attractiō to diuers partis for by bloud lettyng attraction is caused to the place that is let blud by great ache attractiō is caused to the place of ache The cause of greatter inflāmaciō is that by blud lettyng the humors be moued wherby they be more inflamed And this is trouthe whan blud lettyng is lyttell artificial Yet if it be done tyl one swoūd hit is holsome in the forsaide cases for this bloud lettyng whan it ouercometh the attraction of the ache it causeth nat motion agitatiue like wise it taketh awaye inflāmation whan there be no humors that shuld moue hete and cause more inflāmacion This is Galens mynde sayeng Gal. in cōmen illius apho que egerunt there is no better medicine for an īpostume of feruēt inflāmation feuers a great ache than blud lettyng The .iiij. is baynyng specially resolutiue for that letteth bloud lettyng for that were vacuatiō vpō vacuatiō whiche nature can nat esily beare The v. is carnall copulacion for īmediately ther after one shuld nat be lettē bloud bicause of double weakyng of nature The .vi. is to olde or to yonge as it is before touched Of this Auicen sayth Take hede howe thou lettest one bloud in any of the forsaid cases outcept thou trust in the figure in solidite of the musculs largenes of the veynes the fulnes of them and ruddy colour The .vii. is longe sicknes for by suche lettȳg of blud nature is doubly febled both by the lōge sickenes diminishiō This is of trouthe sayth Auicen outcept there be corrupt bloud for than bloud lettyng is holsome The .viij. is great replecion of drynke The .ix. is to eate to moche meate and vnder this is cōprised meate vndigested The cause hereof as Auicen sayth is this there be .iij. thynges that drawe to them that is voydnes hete and secrete vertue or proprete Than if the veynes be empty through voydyng of bloud they drawe to them frō the stomake or lyuer vndigested or suꝑfluous meate or drynke whiche vndigested meate cōmen to the mēbres can nat be amended that is digested for the third digestion can nat amende the faute of the .ij. nor the secōde of the fyrst if the faute be so great that hit can nat conuert into the mēbres hit there remaynȳg may cause some disease The .x. is feblenes Gal ii 〈…〉 for bloud lettyng is a stronge voyder as Galen sayth therfore a feble persone may nat endure great diminishyng of blud The .xi. is subtile sensiblenes of the stomakes mouthe whiche is called the hart strynge for of suche bloud lettyng swoū●yng foloweth easily And vnder this weakenes of the stomake is eke cōprised and easy flowynge of coler to the mouthe therof endusyng vometyng Wherfore they that haue the forsaid accidentes shuld nat be let bloud for by bloud lettyng the humors moued be enduced to the stomakes mouthe as to a place accustomed and bicause hit is a weake an impotent membre to resiste that flixe therfore by suche lettynge of bloud many inconueniences chāce This is one cause why many swoūd whā they be let bloud by reason the coler floweth to the stomake whiche bytynge the stomake pyneth the hart stomake so that hit causeth one to swoūde The .xij. is lothyng for if in this lothynge one be let bloud whan the veynes be empty they drawe to them yll mattier causyng lothesomnes Auicen toucheth many of these .vi. last accidentis And besides the forsaid accidentis there be other that let bloud lettyng First voydyng of menstruous flixe or the emeraudes for one diseased with eyther of these shulde nat be let bloud yet it may be done to diuert the flixe or matter The .ii. is rarenes of cōposition for in rare bodies is moche dissolucion therfore this resolution suffiseth them without euacuation as Galen sayth .ix. teigni The .iii. is rawnes and clāmynes of humours for than beware of bloud lettyng bicause it encreaseth rawenes of humours and therfore in lōge sickenes ye shuld nat let bloud for rawnes of humours encreseth strength febleth and the sickenes prolōgeth And therfore Auicen sayth that in longe sickenes before one is let bloub he shuld take a laxatiue although he nede bothe Rawnes of humors is caused .ii. wayes One is throughe abundance of humours chokyng naturall hete whiche chokynge bredeth rawe humours and than bloud lettynge is holsome Wherfore Alexander sayth Lettyng of bloud in the begynnyng of the dropsy is holsome Alex. ii.ii. ca. de hydroppist whan it cometh by abūdance of mēstruous blud that through some cause is prohibited to issue or by abūdance of the emeraudis For lyke as a lyttel fire is quēched vnder a great heape of wodde lyke wise natural hete is suffocate with abundāce of humours The .ij. cause of rawe humors is feblenes of natural hete as in folkes of feble cōplexion or that haue ben longe sycke or be very aged for than the said blud lettyng is vnholsome bicause hit augmenteth rawenes for the blud that obserueth hete is drawen out and so the body is made colde and the humours more rawe Therfore the bloud must be left to digest these rawe humours The .iiij. is vndue disposicion of the aire eyther to hotte or to colde for moche hete causethe stronge resolucion and great colde maketh the blud thicke and vnapte to issue or auoyde Quid debes facere quando vis fleubothomar● Vel quando minuis fueris vel quando minutus Vnctio sine potus lauachrum vel fascia motus Debent non fragili tibi singula mente teneri v. thynges in bloud lettyng This text declareth .v. thynges that ought to be done about bloud lettyng some before som at the tyme some after The first is anoyntyng whiche other while is vsed in the bloud lettyng as to anoynte the place or veyne that is opened to aswage the peyne somtyme hit is vsed after blud lettyng to kepe the gashe that it close nat vp to soone that the humours left in the
that comethe from the purse of the galle to the guttis Vnnatural coler is double For one is vnnaturall throughe outwarde cause myngled there with The other is vnnaturall throughe a cause in it selfe for the substance therof is nat naturall Coler vnnaturall throughe an outwarde cause is an other knowen and famous And hit is that that fleme is myngled with And it is called famous or notable by reason hit is ofte engēdred And of this kynde of coler cometh the thyrde wel knowen There is an other that is lesse famous and that is hit wherwith melancoly is myngled Famous coler is either citrine and engendred by mynglynge of subtile fleme with naturall coler orels hit is yolkye lyke to yolkes of egges and is engēdred by mynglynge of grosse fleme with natural coler Coler of lesse fame is caused .ij. ways One is whan the coler is burned in hit selfe and turned to ashes from whiche the subtile parte of the coler is nat seperated but myngled therwith And this coler is the worste An other is whan melancoly cometh from without and mynglethe hit with the coler And this coler is better than other and is ruddye in colour hit is nat clere nor flowynge but more lyke to veyne bludde This vnnaturall coler hauynge his owne propre substāce without mynglynge of any other humour is ofte engendred in the lyuer by reason that the subtilnes of the bloud burneth hit selfe and tourneth in to coler and grossely in to melancoly An other coler there is engendred in the stomake of yll meatis nat digested but corrupted orels it is engendred in the veynes by other humours And of this coler be .ij. kyndes For one is called coler prassiue lyke the colour of the herbe called prassion whiche is engendred of the yolkynes whan hit is burned for the burnȳg causeth a yolky blackenes ī the coler whiche myngled with coler citrine engēdreth a grene coler The other is called rusty coler lyke to rusty iron it is engendred of passiue whā prassiue is burned only tyl the humidite ther of be dried away and through hit drines begynneth to waxe white And these .ij. last colers be yll and venomous and yet rusty is the worse Lyke wyse there be .ij. kyndes of melancolye naturall and vnnaturall The naturall is the dreggis and suꝑfluite of good bloud whose talage is betwene swete and pontike And this melancoly whan hit is engendred in the lyuer is parted in .ij. partis Of whiche one entreth with the bloud and there with remayneth in the veynes The other is conueyed to the splene The fyrste parte entreth with the bloud for necessite and profite Hit is nedefull that it myngle with the bloud to norishe the melancoly colde and drie membres as the bones The vtilite is to make thycke the thynne bloud to stynte the suꝑfluous runnynge therof to make it stronge and to strengthe these membres in to whiche hit muste be conuerted The other parte that nedeth no bloud gothe to the splene both for necessite and profite The necessite is double one vniuersall throughe out the bodye to purge hit of melācolious superfluite The other is but ꝑticular only to gouerne the splene This melācoly is also profitable for mans body for hit runnethe to the mouthe of the stomake straynynge out the humidites that hit fyndeth there as a woman straynynge a cowes dugges drawethe out the mylke This vtilite is double Fyrst hit constrayneth thycketh and comforteth the stomake Secondly by reason it moueth the mouthe of the stomake through hit egernes hit maketh one haue an appetite and lust to meate Vnnaturall melācoly is as a thynge burned or ashes in respecte of other humours Of this there are .iiij. famous kyndes though there be many nat famous The fyrst is ashes of coler and this is bytter The .ij. is ashes of fleme and if the fleme that is burned were very subtile and wattrishe than the melancoly therof engendred wyll be salte in talage But if the fleme be grosse that is burned than the ashes therof or the melancoly of hit engendred enclyneth to sowernes or ponti●ite The .iij. is ashes of bloud and this melancolye is laste a lyttell drawynge to swetenes The .iiij. is ashes of naturall melācoly And if natural melancoly wherof so it be be subtile thā it will be very sower And whā hit is caste out vpon the grounde hit boyleth and sauoureth of the aire and causeth both flies and beastis to voide the place But if the naturall melancoly be grosse the vnnaturall therof ingēdred shall nat be so sower Natuta pingues isti sunt atque locantes Semper rumores cupiunt audi●e frequentes Hos venus et Bacchus delectant fercula risus Et facit hos hytares et dulcia verba loquentes Omnibus hi studiis abiles sunt et magis apti Qualibet ex causa nec hos leuiter mouet ira Largus amans hylaris ridens rubeique coloris Cantans carnosus satis audax atque benignus Sanguine folkes This texte techeth vs to knowe sanguine folkes Fyrst a sanguine persone is naturally fatte But we may nat vnderstande that sanguine folkes be proprely fatte for that is a token of a colde complexion Auicē ii.i doct iii. cap. iii. as saythe Auicen But they be fatte and fleshye with all for fatte in sanguine persones is taken for fleshye Auicen saythe that abundance of ruddy fleshe and styffe signifieth a hotte and a moyst cōplexiō as a sanguine ꝑson is For thabūdance of ruddy fleshe wytnesseth fortitude of vertue assimilatiue and multitude of bloud the worke and waxe by heate and moysture as witnessethe Galen sayenge Thabundance of fleshe is engēdred by abundance of bloud For heate perfectlye digestynge and the lyke vertue to fleshe makethe the fleshe faste styffe Also Auicen saythe euery fleshye body without abundance of fat grece is sanguine Galen ii ●egni Wherto Galen assēteth Secondly the sanguine person is mery and iocunde that is to say with mery wordes he moueth other to laugh orels he is gladde throughe benignite of the sanguine humour ꝓuokynge a man to gladnes and iocūdite through clere perfect spirites engēdred of bloud Thyrdly he gladly hereth fables mery sportis for the same cause Fourthlye he is enclyned to lecherie through heate and moystnes prouokynge to carnall copulation Fyftly he gladlye drinketh good wyne Sixtlye he delyteth to fede on good meate by reason the sanguine ꝑsone desyrethe the mooste lyke to his complexion that is good wynes and good meates Seuenthlye he laugheth lyghtly for bloud ꝓuoketh to laughȳg The .viij. is the sanguine persone hath a gladsome an amiable countenance through lyuelynes of colour and fairenes of cōplexion The .ix. is he speaketh swetelye throughe amiablenes of sanguine nature The .x. is he is apt to lerne any maner of science throughe lyuelynes and perspicuite of his wytte The .xj. is he is nat lyghtlye angry and this cometh through moystnes abatynge the feruour of coler prouokynge
abundance of bloud so there be signes of the abundance of other humours as in these verses folowynge Accusat coleram dextre dolor asper alingua Tinnitus vomitusque frequens vigilantia multa Multasitis pingr●s egestio torsioventris Naul● a fit morsus cordis languescit ore●is Pulsus 〈◊〉 est grocilis d●us velo●que calescens Aret amarescit incendi asomni● fingit The tokens of abundance of fleme are cōteyned in these verses folowynge Flegma supergrediens proprias in corpore leges Os facit incipidum fastidia cerebra ●il●as Costarum stomachi simul occipitisque dolores Pulsus adestrarus ettardus mol●s inanis Precedit fallax fantas●ata somnus aquosa The signes of abundance of melancoly are conteyned in these verses folowynge Humorum pleno dum fex in corpore regnat Nigra cutis durus pulsus tenuis et ●rina Solicitudo timor et tristicia somnia tempus Accrescet rugitus sapor et sputaminis idem Leu●que precipue tinnit et sibilat auris Denus septenus vix fleubothomia● petil annus Spiritus vbe●ior erit per fleubothomiam Spiritus ex potu vini mox multiplicatur Humorumque cibo damnum lente reparatur Lumina clarificat sincerat fleubothomia Mentes et cerebrum calidas facit esse medullas Viscera purgabit stomachum ventremque●oerce● Puros dat sensus dat somnum tedia tollit Auditus vocem vires producit et auget Here thauctour speaketh of bloud letting Fyrst he sheweth what age is required to be bloud lettē sayenge At .xvij. yere of age one may be let bloud And touchynge this Galen saythe Galē .xl. ●e iugenio that children shulde nat be let bloud oneles they be .xiiij. yere olde at lest bicause childrē bodies be sone resolued from outwarde heate and therfore by voydynge of bloud they shulde be greatlye weaked Also for that they nede to nouryshe theyr bodies and augment them they shulde nat diminishe theyr blud And eke for that they be soone dissolued from outwarde heate hit suffiseth wherfore they nede nat to be let bloud And wittethe well that as bloud lettynge is nat conuenient for children so it is vnholsome for olde folkes as Galen saythe Gal. lx tegni For the good bloud is littell and the yll moche and bloud lettyng draweth away the good bloud leaueth the yll as Auicen saythe and therfore bloud lettynge is vncōuenient for suche persones Aui iiii i cap. x. Secōdlye he puttethe the hurte of bloud lettynge Of necessite with voidynge of bloud done by bloudde lettynge mans spiritis beynge in the bloud do grealye auoyde Thyrdlye he sheweth howe the spiritis shulde be cherished and restored and that is by drinkynge of wyne after the bloud lettyng For of all thynge to norishe quickely wyne is best as is before sayde The spiritis also be cheryshed and restored by meatis but that is nat so quickely as by wyne And the meate after bloud lettynge must be lyght of digestion and a great engendrer of bloud as rere egges and suche lyke And all thoughe meate restore the spiritis after bloud lettynge yet let the pacientes beware of moche meate the fyrste and .ij. day For Isaac saythe in dietis that they muste drynke more than eate and yet they must drynke lesse than they dyd before bloud lettynge for digestion is weaker Fourthlye the auctour putteth .xj. conueniences of bloud lettȳge duly done Fyrste temperate bloud lettynge comforteth the syghte for diminishynge of humours doth eke diminishe fumynge to the heed and the repletion therof darkynge the syght Secondelye hit clerethe and maketh pure the mynde and brayne through the same cause Thyrdly it heateth the mary for it minishethe the superfluites that therto come and cole it Fourthly it purgeth the entrayles for nature vncharged of bloud digesteth better rawe humours that be lefte Fyftly bloud lettynge restreyneth vometyng and the laske for hit diuerteth the humours from the interior partis to the outwarde specially lettȳge bloud of the armes as Auicen saith For lettyng bloud of the feet stoppeth nat so well yet ꝑchance the bloud lettynge shall augmente the laske and that .ij. wayes Fyrste by bloud lettynge nature is discharged of her burden and thā comforted hit prouoketh other vacuations Secondly if the laske be caused by great weakenes of vertue contentiue For than for that by bloud lettynge vertue is weaked the laske is augmented The .vj. is that blud lettyng clereth the wyttis For it minisheth vaporation that gothe to the heed troublethe the wyttis The .vij. is hit helpethe one to slepe for therby many humours be voyded by whiche sharpe vapours and diuers are lyfted vp lettynge one to slepe The .viij. is hit takethe awaye tediousnes and ouer great grefe for therby vertue is vnlodē of grefe and eke with the bloud melācoly the dregges of bloud whiche induceth tediousnes and grefe is drawen out The .ix. is hit cōforteth the herynge for therby the vapours and humours ascendinge to the heed and lettȳge the herynge are diminished The .x. is hit comforteth the voyce for therby the superfluites and humidites that may come to the breaste or pype of the lyghtis and let the voyce are diminished The .xj. is hit augmentethe the strengthes for therby the body is vnladen of hit grefe wherfore vertue is augmented Tres insunt istis Maius september aprilis Et sunt lunares sunt velut ydra dies Prima dies primi postremaque posteriorum Nec sanguis minui nec carnibus anseris vti In sene vel iuuene si vene sanguine plene Omni mense bene confert incisio vene Hi sunt tres menses Maius september aprilis In quibus eminuas vt longo tempore viuas Here thauctour sayth that these .iij. Maye september aprile are the monethes of the moone and in them are dayes forbidden to let bloud that is the fyrste of Maye and laste of september and aprile Thoughe this be a cōmon rule yet hit is false For the forsayde dayes maye be as good and worthy to be chosē as the other after the diuersite of constellation in them Farther the auctour saith that in those days none shuld eate goose fleshe whiche also is false erronious and very witchecraft I thynke thauctour had this sayeng of the iewes whiche obserue suche maner Secōdly he saith that men of myddell age yonge folkes whose veynes be ful of bloud may be let bloud euery moneth for those may well resist resolutiō in them is great quātite of good bloud Thyrdly he saith that blud lettyng for mans helth must be done in one of these .iij. monthes maie septēber aprile but yet with difference for in aprile maie the lyuer veyne muste be let bloud bicause than in vere tyme the bloud encreaseth and in septēber in the splene veyne bicause of melancoly whiche than in autumpne encreaseth Frigida natura frigens regio dolor ingens Post lauachrum coitum minor etas atque seniles Morb●s prolixus repletio potus et esce Si
in anno Tempore vernali calidus fit aer humidusque Et nullum tempus melius sit fleubothomie Vsus tunc homini veneris co●ert moderatus Corporis et motus ventrisque 〈◊〉 ▪ sudor Balnea purgantur tunc corpora medicinis Estas more cale siccat nascatur 〈◊〉 Tunc quoque precipue coleram 〈◊〉 dominari Humida frigida fercula dentur sit Venus extra Balnea non prosunt sit rare fleubothomie Vtilis est requies sit cum moderamine potus Here thauctor noteth dyuers thynges Fyrste that moche fastynge in sommer drieth the body for in that that somer of hit nature is hotte and drye it ●esolueth the humours the whiche also be resolued by oft sweatȳg in somer so fastyng thervpō drieth the body moche more for whā the humidite of meate is gone the hete of the body worketh on hit owne humidites drieng them vp Wherfore Hippocrates sayth Hūger is expediēt for those that are very moyst for hūger drieth the body The .ii. is that vometyng ones a moneth is holsom for therby hurtfull humours conteyned in all the circute of the stomake are voyded To this agreeth Auicē Hip. ● ꝑt 〈◊〉 sayeng Hippocrates byddeth one vomete eche moneth twyse .ii. dayes one after an other that the ii day may auoyde it that the fyrst day cōude nat this conserueth helth scouryng the stomake from fleme coler The stomake hath nothȳg to purge it as the guttis haue red coler Auicen putteth other profites of vometyng well done Fyrste hit is good for heed ache caused by moyst vaporoꝰ mattier ascendyng frō the stomake to the heed but if heed ache come of hit owne hurt of the brayne thā vometyng doth 〈◊〉 hurt thā ꝓfite Secōdly it clereth the syght ●rke● by vaporous mattier of the stamake orels nat The .iii. is hit doth away wamblyng cau● 〈◊〉 ●make in auoydyng the humour that 〈…〉 The .iiii. is hit comforteth the stomake in to the whiche coler is descended the whiche corrupteth the meate The .v. is hit doth away lothyng or aborryng of meate The .vi. is hit doth away the cause that maketh one haue a luste to sharpe ponticke and sower thynges the whiche cause of these disposicions remoued putteth awaye the effecte therof The .vii. is vometynge is holsome for the laske that cometh before the dropsy for hit auoydeth the mattier of the sayd laske and purgeth the stomake The .viii. is hit is holsome for the grefes in the raynes and bladder for the mattier flowynge to these partes hit diuerteth an other way The .ix. is if vometyng be done by constraynt of elborie hit auoydeth the mattier wherof lepre groweth hit amendeth the fyrst digestion that the other digestions may the better be done The .x. is hit maketh one to haue a good colour The .xi. is hit purgeth the stomake of a humour that causeth epilencie The .xii. is by stronge constraynt hit remoueth a stoppynge mattier the whiche causeth ictericie And like wise hit auoydeth a flematike mattier whiche comonly is cause of this stoppyng The .xiii. is hit auoydeth the mattier that causeth asma the whiche is a disese causȳg one to draw his breath peynfully and eke hit comforteth the spiritall membres by whose hete the superflu● causynge asma are consumed The .xiiii. is hit 〈◊〉 ●lsome agaynste shakyng and palsey for hit auoy●h the mattier that is cause therof The .xv is ●s holsom for one that hath great blacke sore● his lower partes for hit turneth the humours away frō thēce Al though vometyng duely wel done be cause of these cōmodites yet whan it is vnduely done hit induceth many hurtes for it febleth the stomake and maketh it apte for mattiers to flowe into hit hurteth the breast the syght the tethe olde heed ache c. as Auicen sayth iiii.i cap. xiiii The .iii. thynge that is noted in the texte is that there be foure seasons of the yere ver̄ somer autumpne wynter Ver̄ in respect of other seasons is hotte and moyste though hit be temperate in it selfe as Galen sayth in his boke of complexions wherof hit foloweth that this season is more apte to let blud in than the other for hit dothe more encreace humours And therfore in this season moderate vse of carnal copulacion tēperate mociō laske flixe and swette is conuenient and like wise tēperate bathyng to diminishe repleciō This season is eke good to take purgaciōs in The .iiii. is somer heteth and drieth and therfore hit encreaseth redde coler hotte and drye And for this cause in somer we must fede on colde moyst meates to diminishe the feruentnes of hete and drought and than we must absteyn ● from carnal copulacion whiche also drieth and frō oft bathyng and be let blud seldome for like cause We must vse quietnes and lyttell mocion for 〈◊〉 ●s doth moyste and moche mocion dryeth 〈◊〉 ●is season in speciall we must vse moderate ● 〈◊〉 drynke for suꝑfluous drynkyng of cold●●nke by reason that the pores be open doth ma●●e body sodaynly a colde or causethe the palsey or laxite of the membres orels sodayne dethe From the whiche he defende vs that lyueth and reigneth eternally Amen Finis Thus endeth the regimēt of helthe Imprinted at London in Fletestrete in the house of Thomas Berthelet nere to the cūdite at the signe of Lucrece Anno domini 1528. mense Augusto· Cum priuilegio a rege indulto