copyously at the begynnynge accordynge to the age and strength of the patient The profyte of flebotomy there comme thereby two great profytes to nature The fyrste is that the corrupted bloode is drawē from a principal membre to the emūctories which thynge nature enforced hyr selfe to doe The seconde is that nature hathe discharged hyr selfe of thys venimous mattyer so that afterwarde suche corruption canne not extende it selfe vpon the membre wherefore ye ought to be ware that ye lette bloode none otherwyse than we haue sayde For yf the Carbuncle be founde in the emunctories of the brayne as in the ryght syde yf nowe ye open the veyne cardiake or basilike in the lyfte syde ye shal drawe the infected bloode to the harte or lyuer And yf the Carbuncle be vndre the ryght arme hole and ye open the lyfte Cardiake or lyfte Basilyke ye shall drawe the venimous mattyere to the pryncypall membres If the Aposteme be in the flankes and ye open the veyne called Basylyke it draweth the mattyer to the lyuer Therefore whan the Aposteme is in the Flankes it is better to open the veyne Sciatyke or Saphena For in drawynge the sayde bloude ye shall ayde nature greatlye Wherefore it appeareth that in thys case to committe any error is the cause of deathe Furthere it is to be noted that yf ye canne not lette bloode thorough the weakenes of the patient or for some other cause Than in the steede of Flebotomye it is good to boxe or cuppe the place wyth depe scarificatyon Boxinge or applicatiō of Ventoses as for the emunctoryes of the heade ye muste boxe and make scarificatyon vpon the necke For the emunctoryes of the harte ye muste laye the same ventoses vpon the shulders For the emunctoryes of the Lyuer boxe the buttockes or the thyghes Thus we conclude that we muste euer lette bloode in the sore place for the alleged causes After lettynge of bloode dygeste the mattyer after thys sorte Digestyue yf the disease gyue leysure to take a medicine ℞ of Syrupe of vinaigre of the iuyce of endiuie and of Syrupe of vinaygre called Acetosus symplex or fumiterre Ana ℥ ss of the waters of Endiuie buglosse and hoppes Ana ℥ j. Purgation mengle them After that the patient hath vsed thys Syrupe foure or fyue dayes lette hym take thys potyon yerlye in the mornynge ℞ of Cassia of diacatholicon Ana ʒ v. of electuarye of Roses after Mesue ʒ ij and. ss wyth the decoctyon of cordiall stoures and frutes addynge of Syrupe of Violettes ℥ j. and. ss The nexte daye after the takynge of thys medicine it is verye good to take a clyster Lenityue Whan the mattyer is malygne and furious so that it is not a Carbuncle but Anthrax the mattyer muste be purged wythout digestion bycause Anthrax gyueth no leysure to the patient to digeste the mattyer Wherefore Hypocrates sayde wel that we shuld purge thynges digested and not moue rawe thynges excepte it were verye expedyent Ye shall note that there ben foure cases Howe a purgatyon maye be geuē without a digestiue in whyche ye maye gyue a purgatyon wythout digestyon goynge before The fyrst is whan the mattyer is in great quantyte The seconde whan the mattyere is furyous The thyrde whan the mattyer is venimous as in Anthrax other diseases procedynge of venimous mattier The fourthe is whan the disease is caused of mattyer deryued of a pryncypall membre hurtynge the same As it chaunseth in the pestilence whan a noble membre is touched of infectyon it sendethe the same infectyon to the emunctoryes and ingendreth in them a Carbuncle or Aposteme by the waye of mutation or chaungynge Whan the mattyer is minished ye maye comme to the dygestion of euyll humours and afterwarde to purgatyon Here foloweth a purgatyon verye good for hym that hath Anthrax ℞ of Cassie of diaprunis non solutiui Purgatyon of Diacatholicon Ana ℥ ss of the confectyon of hamech of electuarye de Psillio Ana ʒ j. and. ss wyth a decoctyon of cordyal floures and frutes wherin hathe been sodden of Terebentyne and dittanye Ana ʒ j. of scabiouse of sorell and of the iuyce of Pomegranades make a smalle potion addynge of Syrupe of Vyolettes ℥ j. and. ss The thyrde intentyon whyche is to take awaye the mattyer conioynte is accomplysshed through applicatyon of conuenyent thynges aswell in the hole partes as in the sore And whan the Chyrurgyen hathe perceaued the Carbuncle or Anthrax by euydent sygnes Cornelius Celsus sayethe that there is no greater remedye nor surer waye than incontinentlye to burne the Carbuncle wyth an hote Yron comprehendynge the corrupted parte Cauterie vnto the hole or els to vse a potentyall cauterie so that ye maye see a cyrcle rounde aboute the Carbuncle For a cyrcle aboute the Carbuncle is a sygne of the termynatyon of the venimnes after the opinion of Arzi But we ought euer to be ware that the nygh and sanguine partes be not touched of thys cauterye For it wolde grieue the place wythout profytte and as Galene sayeth that shall not helpe that hathe hurte in it selfe Payne The greate payne caused by aygre medicines vpon the hole place is an euydent cause of drawynge mattyere to the sayde hole parte wythout anye succoure yea it is a cause that malignyte is ioyned to malygnyte For payne is as a cuppynge glasse drawyng humours to the paynfull place And to comme to practyce it is conuenyente to ordeyne the maners and formes whyche be requyred in the curatyon of a Carbuncle or Anthrax Fyrste laye vpon the hole parte thys defensyue Defensyue ℞ of Oyle of Roses of Oyle Mirtine Ana ℥ ij of the iuyce of plantayne and nyghschade of whyte vynegre Ana ℥ j. and. ss lette them boyle all together vnto the consumptyon of the iuyce than putte to of whyte waxe ℥ j. of all the faunders Ana ℥ j. of bole Armenye of terra Sigillata Ana ℥ ss of whyte Coralle and redde Ana ʒ j. mengle them Whan ye haue layed thys defensyue vpon the hole parte laye vpon the sore parte a playstere of floures wyth sodden wyne and a lytle lye whyche is described in the Chapitre of the cure of Cancrena and Ascachilos Also vse the corrosyue medicynes whyche shal be rehersed in thys Chapytre vntyll ye perceaue that the venimnesse of the Carbuncle is mortifyed We haue foūd thyes corrosyue medicines to be of gret vtilitie Corrosyue medicines Whan the bodye is stronge ye maye vse an actuall cauterye so that the Carbuncle be not in a Synnowie place Ye maye also vse a potentyall cauterye begynnynge at the easyest as is Vnguentum Egyptiacum of our descriptyon wryten in the Chapytre of the cure of Formica Corrosyua or with Vnguentum Egyptiacum whyche hathe in it the vertue of Arsenyke and is declared in the same Chapytre or wyth Trocisques of Minium descrybed in oure antidotarye in the Chapytre of corrosyue medicines or wyth a ruptorie of
a playster .. Thys defensyue as it appeareth by the ingredieÌ„tes hath vertue to conforte the place and to kepe it from receauynge mattier antecedente and moreouer it hath parte of familiare resolution Briefly it is a singuler remedy in all woundes to defende apostemation whan the wounde is made after the lengthe of the sayde membre you maye soone iudge that the wounde is wythout daunger of deathe And in thys case it sufficiceth besyde the remedyes aboue noted to make a ligature or byndynge incarnatyue of two endes to ioyne together sondred partes leauynge euer an hole open in the nether parte If the sayde place be hurte wyth apoynted thynge as wyth a darte c. you shall coÌ„sider whether the wound be vpon the muscle For we haue often sene that by incisioÌ„ made after the breadth of the muscle the hande hath loste hys natural mouynge but whaÌ„ the sayde wounde is large ynoughe than it sufficeth to applye a digestiue of the yolkes of egges and oyle of roses hote vnto a perfytte digestion And afterwarde let it be cured accordynge as it is declared in the former chapiters But yf the wounde be so strayte that deriuation of mattier to the said place is to be feared whyche myghte cause greate payne and apostemation Than you mustenlarge the sayde wounde after the sort declared in the chapiter of the wounde of the necke caused by some poynted thynge The cure of the woundes of the elbowe The woundes of the arme in other partyes muste be cured as we haue sayde before Nowe we wyll come to the woundes of the elbow and the handes whyche bene verye daungerous and more in the parte wythin the arme than wythout bycause of the multitude of greate veynes and synnowes whereby greate paynes happen to the sayd places and great apostemations with great abuÌ„dauÌ„ce of bloode whyche cause rigours fieuers spasmes youxinge and perturbation of reason wherfore to auoyde the sayde accidentes we wyll gyue a profitable doctrine Fyrste besyde the intentions afore sayde there be two intentions required The fyrste is to applye conuenient thynges vpon the sayde places The seconde to defende and remoue accidentes Fyrst yf the wounde be large studye to staunche the bloode and to ioyne the sondred partes together as it is sayde in the chapiter of the woundes of the throte then cure the wound vnto the fourth day wyth thys oyle folowyng R. of oyle of the yolkes of egges Ê’ vi oyle of Roses omphacine cleare Turpentyne ana Ê’ ii saffranne ℈ i. odoriferous wyne â„¥ i. and. ss seede of S. IohaÌ„nes wort floures of Rosmarye ana mÌ„ i. Mastyke Ê’ ii ss the iuyce of Plantayne â„¥ i. of womans mylke â„¥ ss calues tallow Ê’ x. oyle of Elders â„¥ ss oyle of roses odoriferous â„¥ i. earthe wormes washed wyth wyne Ê’ x. Seeth them all together wyth a softe fyre vntyll the wyne and iuyce be coÌ„sumed And vse thys oyle wythin in the wounde But in the vtterpart of the wound ye shall applye this cerote folowyng Cerote R. oyle of Roses Violettes Camomylle ana â„¥ ii calues tallowe .li. ss swynes grese â„¥ ii hennes grese mary of the legges of a calfe ana Ê’ i. earth wormes washed wyth wyne â„¥ ii of freshe buttyre â„¥ i. ss Muscilage of Holihocke .li. i. Seeth them all together tyll the Muscilage be consumed thaÌ„ strayne them and put to the straining of Litarge of golde and syluer ana â„¥ ii ss Minium Ê’ vi make a cerote at the fyre wyth sufficient whyte waxe addynge in th ende of cleare Turbentyne â„¥ ii ss Mastyke â„¥ i. and lette them boyle agayne a lytle whan ye haue vsed the sayde oyle in the wouÌ„d foure or seuen dayes yf no accidente lette It shal be verye good to mengle wyth it a lytle honye of Roses and a lytle syrupe of Roses For the other intentions ye shall procede as it is afore sayde But that the payne maye be swaged and Aposteme remoued we wil speke of some necessary remedyes accordynge to the situation of the membres For yf ye perceaue that the mattier whyche causeth payne is hote ye maye take cromes of whyte breade and dyppe it in the brothe of an henne or of fleshe and afterwarde presse it and incorporate it wyth oyle of Roses and yolkes of egges addynge oyle of camomill and a lytle saffran Let these thynges be boyled together tyll they becomme thycke Thys is a synguler remedye to swage the payne of the synnowes beynge hurte and of apostemes caused by the same Item the cromes of whyte breade lythed in cowes mylke and prepared as the foresayde thynges is expedient for the same intention Lykewyse a playster composed of thynges anodine that is to say which remoue payne Playster is commendable after thys description folowynge â„ž of the rootes of holihocke .li. ss of branne camomill melilote of euery one mÌ„ i. of barley of lentyles of euery one mÌ„ ss of lynsede â„¥ i. of parietarie mÌ„ ss Let them boyle all wyth sufficient water vnto the consumption of halfe and then wyth the floure of barley and beanes and a lytle camomil and melilote stamped make a styffe playster addynge of oyle of camomill â„¥ ij of saffran ℈ i. the yolkes of two egges Thys playster appayseth griefe resoluynge matter and moreouer it is maturatiue when the nature wyll that the matter shall come to maturation or rypenes Furthermore ye shall note that yf the matter whyche causeth payne be greatlye enflamed then for the mitigation of the payne it is expedient to applye a playster of the floure of barley and beanes made in a decoction of barley mallowes and violettes wyth a good quantitie of oyle of roses and violettes and a lytle saffran Let them boyle al together and adde in the ende two yolkes of egges For thys playster quencheth inflaÌ„mation Yf the forsayde place chaunce to come to an apposteme called vndemia ye shall resorte to the chapitre whyche treateth of the cure of Vndimia Touchynge the situation of the arme it muste be susteyned towarde the breste that the humours may not easelye descende When there is incisyon of the bone you muste splinte the arme and bynde it conueniently and kepe it vp on hyghe Also a tablette of woode yf the hurte be in the hande or arme vndrelayed wyth stoupes and cloutes and situated vnder the hande and arme from the elbowe to the toppes of the fyngers is verye conuenient Thus endeth the chapitre of the woundes of the shulders cure of the same ¶ The .x. chapitre of the woundes of the brest called Thorax and cure of the same IT chaunceth often that the brest is hurt by poynted thynges The wouÌ„des of the brâ—ste as daggars dartes c. And of them some perce vnto the inner partes Some bene onely superficiall and not percynge Some are wyth hurte of the conteyned meÌ„bres and some wyth out hurte of the same Moreouer of these wouÌ„des persynge and not persynge some bene in the former parte and some
and with a decoction of mallowes make a styffe playstre adding in the ende of the decoction of oyle of roses of oyle of Camomil Ana ℥ ii of buttyre of cōmune oyle ana ℥ i. ss the yolkes of two egges put in whā the decoction shall be taken from the fyre This playstre is of good operation in appaysing griefe in drawing mater to the incision or opened place and suffreth not the sides therof to be rawe After digestion ye must mundifye the place and so incarne it and seale it vp after the doctryne declared in the Chaptre of Flegmon whervnto resorte as the case shall requyre ¶ The xxii Chapter of Frōcles and of theyr cure A Froncle is a lytle Aposteme A Froncle engendred of grosse bloude causyng griefe whan it cometh to maturation and it is with pulsation hauynge the accidentes lyke to the accidentes of Flegmon Neuerthelesse it hath one signe that is not in Flegmō and that is that there issueth out of it without openyng a grosse mattier lyke a rotten synnowe ☜ Note that yf a froncie be not spedelye remedyed it wyll be chaunged into a carbuncle To the cure of a Froncle there belonge thre intentions The fyrste is to ordre diete The seconde to purge the mattier antecedente The thyrde to take awaye the mattier conioynct The fyrst and seconde intention ben accomplysshed after the doctrine declared in the Chaptre of the cure of Flegmon The thyrd intentiō which is to take away the mattier cōioynct is accomplysshed by application of medicines maturatyue For this aposteme commeth euer to maturation and neuer to resolution A maturatyue This is the fourme of a good maturatyue Take of the rotes of white lyllyes ℥ vi of the rotes of tendre buglosse ℥ ii of mallowes vyolettes an̄ m̄ i. whan they bene soddē presse out the water and stāpe them and afterwarde in the decoction of the foresayde thynges make a styffe plaister at the fyre with the floure of wheat barly addyng in the ende of the decoctiō of buttyre ℥ ii of swete oyle ℥ iiii of swynes grece ℥ ii and ss the yolkes of two egges of saffran ℈ i. thā mēgle them with the foresayde thinges stamped and laye it to after the maner of an hote Playstre whan ye chaunge this playstre laye vpon the sore this liquide Cataplasma ℞ of the foresayde decoction li. iii. of the floure of barly It is ℥ i ss in the Frenche and wheate ana ʒ i. ss of cōmune oyle of buttyre of swynes grece melted ana ℥ ii wyth the yolkes of foure egges let them seeth all togyther except the yolkes of the egges to the consūptiō of the fourth parte than put to the sayd yolkes of egges This cataplasma is very euaporatyue it muste be applyed hote with cloutes steped in the sayd decoction It helpeth maturation and procureth the mattier to issue oute and appayseth the payne whan ye perceyue that the froncle is come to maturation and that the grosse matter is purged that with the fornamed plaistre it is good to ayde digestyon Amfidificatiue laying a lytle pece vpō the openyng of the froncle of this abstersiue ℞ of clere terebentine ℥ ii and. ss of hony of roses ℥ i. of the iuce of smalage ʒ vi Let them seeth al togyther vnto the consumption of the iuce thā put to of the floure of barly wheate and veanes an̄ ℥ ii and. ss of saffron ℈ ss the yolke of a newe layed egge This mundificatyue with the plaistre aboue named is verye good to purge grosse matter engendred in froncles After that the grefe is apppaised and the inflāmation hath ceased so that the grosse matter be somewhat purged perfectly to heale the froncle vse this oyntment An oyntmēt ℞ of whyte Diaquilon without gūmes ℥ ii of clere terebentyne of swynes grece ana ℥ ii ss of litarge of golde and syluer of minium ana ʒ ss of Cerusse ℥ i. of oyle of roses ℥ i. and. ss sturre them about at the fyre and make a cerote adding of white waxe asmoch as shal suffice A sygne of perfect decoction is whā the oyntment receyueth a blacke colour This is our shorte curation of froncles which we haue oft proued with good lucke Thus we ende the fyrst parte of the second boke for which god be praysed and thanked ¶ The seconde treatyse of the seconde boke of colde Apostemes in generall ¶ The fyrst Chaptre OF cold humours Apostemes are wont to chaunce in euery parte of mans bodye Symple◠colde apostemes of sondry qualities and quantityes aswell in composition as in symplycitie Symple colde Apostemes bene these glādules or kernelles scrofules nodys or knobbes sephiros vndimies a canker wyndy apostemes and full of water Neuertheles some of these through adustion bene made compounde as it chaunceth in a canker and in sephiros Some of these also are made compounde throughe the admixtiō of humours as it chaūceth in Vndimia These harde Apostemes scrophules glandules bene engendred of gros steame or of indurated melancholy Sometymes certayne colde Apostemes ben engendred of subtyle matter as vndimious Apostemes Sometyme an imposteme is engendred of subtyle watrye fleame as the hydropsye Sometyme of vaporous fleame a wyndye aposteme is engendred And oftentymes in the bodyes of chyldren there is engendred a kynde of colde exitures in whyche mattier is founde lyke the iuce of floure tempred wyth water And oftentymes it produceth quytture without payne and without pulsation of the place and without chaungyng of the place frō his proprecolour whiche thynge is agaynste Auicenna sayinge be ye assured that oute of an Aposteme in the exterior partes in which there is no pulsation neuer cōmeth any corruption But ye must vnderstande Auicenne of hote Apostemes and not of colde For as we sayde before we haue sene many colde apostemes vtterynge quytture or fylthe withoute payne and pulsation Of whiche one after an other we wyl speake in this present Chaptre ¶ The seconde Chaptre of Vndimia Vndimia VNdimia as Galene wytnesseth is a Flegmatyke apostem of white colour softe in felynge withoute heate chefelye whan it is pure How this aposteme is compounde it is suffycientlye declared in the chaptre of Flegmonyke Apostemes A true and symple Aposteme called Vndimia is engendred of naturall fleame whiche as Auicenne declareth in the chaptre of humours is nothyng els but bloude vnperfectlye decocted this Aposteme is wyth lytle payne chefelye whan it cōmeth of a cause antecedent Sometymes after Auicenne this Aposteme is engēdred of a cause Primitiue and than it is not without payne howbeit vndimia cōmeth not ofte of a cause prymitiue The reason is bycause the humours that resort to the hurted placebe not colde but hote For nature sendeth bloude or cholere and spirytes as seruitoures to succour the hurted place Of whiche humours an hote Aposteme is engendred Note that the truest sygne of simple Vndimia is Signe of Vndimia yf
swerdes c. Some by brusynge thynges as by staues stones c. Some by poynted thynges as by a darte an arowe and lyke Furthermore solution of continuitie in the flesh as the doctours say maye be restored by the waye of the fyrst intention but that that is in the bone can not be restored Porus sarcoidis but by the waye of the seconde intention that is to saye per porum sarcoidem Neuerthelesse the bones of yonge chyldren may be restored by the waye of the fyrste intention for two causes Fyrst bycause of the tendernesse of the bone Secondly bycause of the vertu of seede remaynynge yet in the membres of yonge chyldren Some doctours saye that the sinnowes the veynes and the arteries can not be restored by the way of the fyrst intention but by the way of the second intention as bones be Some saye that thys is true onely in arteries whiche thynge Galene wytnesseth sayinge manye haue thought that it is impossyble that the substaunce of an arterie shulde be consounded and theyr probation rested in consyderation and experyence The consyderation was that one of the skynnes of an arterie semeth to be grystellye for grystels and extremities of bones cā not be consounded neyther receyue incarnation The experience was that they neuer sawe an arterie to haue receyued incarnation Arteries may be consoūded But Galene reproueth theyr opynion sayinge that arteries ben incarned bothe by reason and experience By experience for we see sayth he often the arteries that ben vnder the veyne called basilica in the temples and in the legges to be consounded By reason it maye this be proued The bones receyue not consolidation bycause they be harde in an extreme degree But the arteryes being of a meane substaūce betwene a bone and flesh maye receyue incarnatiō by the way of the fyrst intention But before we come to the vniuersall curation of woundes it is expedyent The fyrst doctrine to be obserued in curyng of woūdes that we declare certayne doctrynes touchynge the cure of woundes Fyrst whan ye begynne to cure a depe wounde ye shal put your finger into it to assay whether there be any parte of the bone separated Yf there be you must drawe it out softlye for otherwyse you can neuer come to the true cure Secondly yf there chaunce greate affluence of bloude in the hurt place incontinently you shal staūche the bloude accordyng to the doctrine wrytten in a propre Chapitre of the cure of the fluxe of bloude Whan blood ought to be stopped But yf the bloode be not in greate abundaunce ye shall not staunche it which thyng is approued by Auicenne sayinge that yf the blood runne not to abundantly it is good to kepe the wounde frō apostemyng from oppilations and fieuers wherfore we maye conclude that bloode cōmyng in a small quantitie ought not to be restrayned But yf it runne abundauntly ye shall stop it for bloode is the treasure of lyfe The thyrde doctryne is that the lyppes of a grene wounde muste be sewed togyther incontinentlye that they be not altred by the ayre Also ye must take good hede that thycke and congeled bloode remayne not wythin the wound for it may cause payn and putrefaction and hyndre incartion The fourthe is that you must beware that no heer nor vnctuous thīg nor dust entre into the borders or lippes of the wounde For these thinges let true consolidation Howbeit whā the wounde is depe it is verye good to leaue an hole in the lower parte of it to put into the same a tent rolled in a digestiue of yolkes of egges and terebentine It is profytable for two causes Fyrst to purge the moysture and fylth commyng out of the depth of the wounde Secondly to appayse payne and to kepe the place from apostemation For the mattier that myght cause an aposteme is purged by the sayde hole The fyft doctrine is that after the vnition of the sondred partes by a cōuenyent seame Whan the poynts of the seame must be remoued the poyntes of the sayde seame be taken away after the syxt daye althoughe Arzilata commaundeth to leaue thē .x. dayes For the flowe remouynge of the poyntes causeth manye euyll accidentes as fylth engendred within them payne apostemation wherfore it is more cōuenyent to remoue thē the thyrd the fyfth or at the leest the syxt daye and in stede of them ye shall retayne the borders of the wounde by the admynystration of a pece encolled Enrolled what it is rede the .vi. cha of this boke of woundes wherof we wyl speake in the chaptre of woūdes of the face But to come to the curation of flesshie woundes we saye that therevnto there bene foure intentions requyred The fyrst is accomplyshed by ordynaunce of lyfe or diete The secōde by purgation of the body The thirde by application of sondrye remedyes vpon the sore place The fourthe by defending accidentes that they come not and by remouynge those that be come Concernynge the fyrst intention which is kepyng of diete Diete yf the patient be choleryke or sanguyne it is necessary that he eate no flesh nor drink wyne vnto the fourthe or seuenthe daye Also he must abstayne frō meates that engendre great abundaunce of bloude But flegmatike and melācholyke persons may eate fleshe and drynke wyne namelye at the begynnynge wherfore these chirurgiens the commaunde a strayte diete to all patientes as though they had a contynuall fieuer do euyll and vnlernedly For wine gyuen in due tyme to woūded men as the Philosophers saye furthereth moche the generacyon of flesshe in flesshye woundes wherfore the excellent doctour Arnolde de villa noua sayeth that a spedye consolidation of a wounde chaunceth not but by pure bloude wythoute watrynesse wherfore in this case what thyng is worse than to defraude nature of bloude by the meanes wherof that Wyne to a wounded that is lost is restored and that that is sondred is vnyed and conioyned and the wounde that is hollowe is fylled with flesh Yea we saye wyth Galene that wyne is cōuenyent to anye wounded man For whan it is dronken it engendreth good bloude and whan it is layed vpon the wound it dryeth and mundifyeth it whyche thynges ben requisyte in this case And it is as it were the artifycer of nature And therfore we saye whatsoeuer other thynke that the tru cure of woundes consysteth in two thynges Fyrst in hym that quykneth and mortifyeth all thynges Secondly in nature And nature can not worke ryghtly without the noryshmente of of good bloode neyther in great nor in lytle woundes wherfore we must conclude that meates which engendre good bloude maye be gyuen to wounded men that nature maye be able to engendre the lost substaunce for the consolidation of the wounde who is ygnoraunt that that medycine is not conuenient nor restoreth flesh which drieth humiditie notably and gyueth moysture to drye places cooleth superfluous heate and heateth colde partes
m̄ i. of roses m̄ ss Let them boyle al together with a fufficiēt quantitie of water vnto the consumption of halfe and make a styffe playster in the decoction wyth barley floure well cersed adding of oyle of roses complere ℥ ij and. ss of oyle of camomill ℥ i. and. ss of saffran ℈ i. the yolkes of two egges whych must be put in after that the forsayde thynges be taken from the fyer Thys playster is resolutiue and swageth payne and is not contrarye to maturation yf nature wyll that the aposteme come to suppuration Note that dura mater is sometymes hurte ☞ wounded rente by some piece of the sculle for the consolidation wherof ye maye conueniently laye on thys poudre ℞ of colofonia ʒ iij. of myrrhe Poudre aloes mastyke of euerye one ʒ i. of saffran of sarcocoll of euery one ʒ ss mengle them together and brynge them to a poudre The ayer of the patientes chambre muste be hote in al tymes chiefllye in wynter so that the wynde come not in wherfore let the chābre be kept darke vnto the one and twentye daye Note that ye maye conuenientlye holde ouer the heade a brasen vessell ful of coales that the reuerberatiō of the heate maye touche the woūde chieflye in the fyrst dayes we wyll speake somwhat to kepe of the aposteme of dura mater and a spasme For the prohibition of these two thynges is very profytable in thys case The apostemation is defended by drawyng of the matter from one place to another whyche thynge is done by a diuersiue flebotomie of the veyne called cephalica Item by rubbynges of the extreme partes and bynding of the same and by application of ventoses wyth scarifycation alwayes the age the strengthe of the patient consydered You muste kepe the bellye soluble or loose by suppositories or clysters And for the prohibition of a spasme ye shal rubbe often the nuke or marye of the backebone wyth oyle of camomil and of dille wyth hēnes grese layenge often vpon the necke hote cloutes Lykewyse the patient oughte to haue a cappe furred with lambes skynnes Pronostication For it defendeth outwarde colde Touchynge pronosticacion you maye iudge of deathe or lyfe after the qualitie of the quytture whyche commeth out of the wounde and by the accidentes and not by the poulses or vryne For they that lese theyr speche and whose woundes become drye and the borders thereof fall downe wyth some of theyr mouthes and swellyng of theyr eyes these I saye are wonte to dye Lykewyse when the patiente abhorreth meat and is vexed with colde and hath the palsye and spasme it is a sygne of death Note that as Paule sayeth yf the blacknes that chaūceth in the ryme dura mater be not remoued by the application of honye of roses it sygnifyeth vtter consumption of naturall heate Thys blacke coloure is caused sometymes at the begynnynge wyth bloode retayned vpon the pannicle dura mater and some tyme by a bruse of it and also by the dyenge or colourynge of medicines applyed vpon the sayde place And when thys blacke coloure procedethe of the three causes laste named it is not so daungerous as when it procedethe of putrefaction The sygnes whyche sygnifye helth in thys case bene these Sygnes of health good digestion of the borders of the wounde good colour of the sculle as whyte without to muche dryenes and with some moysture lykewyse when the patient abhorreth not meates and drynkes And when the fleshe that groweth betwene the bone dura mater is of red colour Itē whē the patiēt hath no feuer after the .xiiij. day but is of good corage Furthermore before ye come to handye operation ye shal note the obseruations folowynge Obseruation whych are declared by sondry auctours The fyrst is that you muste admonysh the patiētes frendes of the daunger that you may escape an euel name yf the patiēt chaūce to dye The seconde is that yf the patient be weake you shal not take cure of him as Galene by the auctoritie of Hipocrates sayethe where feblenesse is there you shall not meddle The thyrde is to auoyde the touchynge of the commissures For yf you touche them you maye cause the ryme Dura mater to falle vpon the brayne For it is sustayned thereby The fourth is that yf it be possible you worke not in the tyme of the full of the moone For the brayne increaseth at that tyme and approcheth to the sculle The fyft is the remouinge of the bone For the bone must be taken awaye from the lower place yf there be no lette For whan the bone is taken awaye towarde the lower parte the mattier is the more easelye purged The syxte is that you muste note the quantitie of the eleuation of the bone which is declared by Galene and Paule which doctours say that the bone must not be taken away after the quantitie and lengthe of the cracke whan it is great but it suffyceth onelye to eleuate the bone in the lowest parte of the cracke But yf the bone be depressed or diminisshed it is neadefull to take awaye the bone all togyther The seuenth is that yf you assaye to plucke awaye the bone and it wyll not come out you muste rubbe the sayde bone with oyle of roses that it maye the more easely and with lesse payne be drawen out The eyght is that with all spede you come to handye operation chefelye whan there is pryckynge or depressyon of the pannycles For they cause apostemation and euyll accidentes The nynth is that in sommer the handye operation be fynysshed within seuen dayes and ten in the wynter for the soner the better for the auoydaunce of accidentes And Auicenne sayeth that whan there is necessitie of rubbing cutting or drawynge oute some parte of the bone or to take them vp whan prycking peces be fallen vpō dura mater than you must make haste wythout lokynge for the parfyte generacyon of quytture But yf the sayde pannicle be not hurt you maye loke for the generacyon of quytture Seing that we haue declared the curatiō of a broken sculle by handy operation it is conuenient that we speake somewhat of the same by the waye of exiccation and incarnation which is touched of Auicenne in the Chap. de incisione cutis capitis and lykewise of Celsus about the myddest of the Chapitre of the cure of the sculle Neuerthelesse Auicenne in the alleged place after the opinion of some auncient writers vnderstandeth that desiccatiue medicines muste be applyed after the eleuation of the bone not digestiues mittigatiues of payne as he cōmaūdeth in a peculier cha of the fracture or breakyng of the sculle And it is no merueyl for the bones the pannicles are of drye cōplexion And Cornelius Celsus sayth the aūciēt doctours healed more by the way of exiccation and incarnation than by the way of incision and eleuation of the bone To come to the foresayde waye of curation of
the begynnynge ye shall retayne the bloode and the quytture whyche thynge myghte encrease difficultie of breathynge a daungerous thynge in thys case wherfore at the begynnyng ye shal not applye stiptike and clammyshe thynges nether wythin nor wythout Furthermore you maye vse flebotomie in the contrarye parte and scarifycation vpon the botockes and rubbynges and byndynges of the extreme partes to kepe of apostemation at the begynnynge Item it is commendable to vse a clyster hauynge vertue to dyssolue wyndynes and bloode The thyrde intention whych consysteth in purgation of bloode in the inner parte by the mouth of the wouÌ„de shal be accomplyshed as it foloweth Fyrste when the chirurgien commeth to the patiente he muste consyder the sygnes And when he is certayne he muste diligeÌ„tly serche meanes to cause the blood whych is in the inner parte to issue out by the orifyce of the wouÌ„d whych thyng may be brought to passe by conuenient situation of the bodye that is to saye that the heade be layed downewarde the feete beynge raysed vp or that the patientlye vpon a bedde hys heade hangynge downeward leanynge vpon some fourme or stoole lower then the bedde that the blood wyth in maye easely issue out He muste lye thus the fyrst daye For it is good for two causes Fyrst to purge the bloode that is wythin Secondly that bloode other humours the communly chauÌ„ce in woundes fall not into the bodye And the patient muste lye grouelynge asmuche as he can vpon the wounde Some gyue certayne thynges by the mouth to cause the blood to come forth whyche thinge is very commendable so that the medicines be not to sharpe and to stronge Furthermore it is to be noted that if the wouÌ„de be very large so that the spirites come forthe aboundauntly then you muste sewe the sondred partes leauynge an hole beneth that the bloode and quytture maye easelye issue out And after that the bloode is issued and the wounde mundifyed you must begynne to applye tentes of lynte dypped in the whyte of an egge or in wyne And lette the sayde tentes be greate in the outwarde parte that they fall not in or els tye them to a threde that yf they fall in they maye be drawen out agayne Here it is to be noted that ye must not in any wyse laye vpon the wouÌ„de poudre restrictiue as Albucasis sayeth ☜ for it wolde dryue matter towarde the herte or deriue bloode whyche myghte sone choke the patient Item yf ye be sure that there is no bloode entred in by the waye of the wounde then it shall be conuenient that ye sewe the wounde and procede wyth thynges incarnatiue in the fyrst dayes But bycause a man can not haue trewe knowlege at the begynnynge whether the bloode be entred or no it is the surest waye to kepe the orifyce of the wounde open at the begynnynge howe be it the seconde daye ye shall putte in a tente dypped in oyle of roses hote and in a digestiue of terebentyne and a yolke of an egge and a lytle saffran vnto the seuenth daye layenge aboute the wounde a defensiue of oyle of roses of bole armenie and a lytle whyte waxe And for as muche as in the fyrste dayes there happen euell accidentes as payne in the syde Accidentes dyfficultie of breathynge and a greate coughe it is good to applye thys playster folowynge vpoÌ„ the sore syde â„ž of camon il Plâ—yster melilote dille wormewoode ana mÌ„ i. of dryed branne and cersed mÌ„ ij ss of the floure of barley beanes and leÌ„tiles ana .li. ss of roses mÌ„ ss stampe them all and wyth sufficient sodden wyne and a lytle odoriferous wyne by arte and fyer make a styffe playster addynge of oyle of roses â„¥ iiij of camomill dille of euery one â„¥ ij of whyte waxe â„¥ ij and. ss Set the foresayd thynges agayne on the fyer wyth the oyles and the waxe melted and put to in the ende of saffran Ê’ ss This playster as ye may knowe by the symples hath vertue to swage payne and is resolutiue and coÌ„fortatiue and prepareth the bloode the matter to yssue out WheÌ„ the patient is come to the thyrd or fourth daye no euel accident happenynge vnto hym as a spasme tremblynge of the herte and difficultie of breathynge and other lyke and when the patient fyndeth hym selfe in good dysposition a maÌ„ may iudge knowe that the wounde is not mortal Wherfore at the begynnynge vnto the seuenth daye for resolution and purgation of bloode thys poudre wyth hys waters hereafter prepared Poudre maye well be gyuen to the patient â„ž of reubarbe Ê’ ss of madder of mumie of euery one ℈ .i. of terra sigillata ℈ ss of the water of stabious the water of buglosse of the wyne of granades of euery one â„¥ i. Some doctours gyue at the begynnynge potions or drynkes made wyth wyne and hote thinges as cloues and madder whyche thynges maye greatlye hurte the patientes For they cause fieuers and dyfficultie of breathynge Wherfore at the begynnynge pectoral decoctions are better as diadragantum and diapenidium or as thys description A pectoral decoction â„ž of penidies of suggre candye of syrupe of violettes of euerye one â„¥ i. of the nuttes of pyne apples of swete almandes of coÌ„mune seedes of euery one â„¥ iij. of diagragantum â„¥ ss meÌ„gle them and wyth syrupe of violettes make a loch addyng of the iuyce of lyquerice â„¥ ss After that the wounde is come to manyfeste quyture for the mundification and purgatioÌ„ of the same we say that ye muste often washe the wouÌ„de wyth conuenient lotions And though sondrye lotions ben wrytten of the doctours as of Guilhelmus placentinus and other whych are composed wyth wyne and with the decoction of floure delice lupines myrrhe and other hote simples myne opinion is that suche medicines are not coÌ„uenieÌ„t as I haue ofteÌ„ proued for two causes The fyrst is the inflammation of the foresayde thynges The seconde is bycause that when bloode putrefyeth greate heate alwaye happeneth Wherfore to muÌ„difie the quytture and to take awaye the euell complexioÌ„ of the place it is a more sure waye to procede wyth thys lotion A lotion â„ž of cleane barley of lentyles ana â„¥ ij of roses mÌ„ ss of the herbe called horsetayle mÌ„ i. let them boyle wyth water of plantayne and rayne water and a lytle wyne of granades vnto the consumption of the thyrde parte and adde of redde suggre â„¥ ij of syrupe of roses by infusion â„¥ iij. of saffran ℈ ss The quantitie of water muste be fyue pounde whyche muste boyle tyll it come to thre Ye shal wash the wounde here wyth all and bynde it coÌ„ueniently so procede vntyl there issue out matter lyke cleare water when the patient hath vsed the sayd lotion and hath no fieuer and when the wounde is rectifyed and the quytture mundifyed then ye maye adde to the former decoction of honye of roses â„¥ iij. And when the quytture
is altogether mundifyed then ye maye conuenientlye administer stiptike lotions A stiptike lotion as thys that foloweth ℞ of roses of the floures of pomegranades called balaustie of the croppes of brambles called cyme rubi of myrtilles of sumach of euery one m̄ i. of hypoquistidos of myrobalane cytrine ana ʒ ij of hony of roses ℥ ij let them boyle wyth water of plantayne wyne of pomegranades in sufficient quantitie vnto the consumption of the thyrde parte Let thys decoction be spouted into the wounde that perseth wyth a syrynge For so Auicenne teacheth Item in the same tyme yf the patient be not troubled wyth the coughe and the quytture dryed or mundifyed consoundyng and stiptike thynges are permitted to be receaued by the mouth in a liquide forme or in meates as terra sigillata wyth the iuyce of quinces sumach hypoquistidos roses floures of granades c. Galene affyrmeth the same wyth lyke wordes Furthermore we wyll descrybe a playster abstersiue and mundifycatiue whyche shal serue for those intentions when nede shall requyre ℞ of hony of roses strayned Playster ℥ ij of cleare terebentyne ℥ iiij of the iuyce of smalage ℥ i. Let them boyle altogether a lytle and take them from the fyer and forthwith adde the yolkes of two egges of wheate floure well cersed ℥ ij of the floure of fenugreke and barley of euery one ʒ ij of saffran ℈ .i. For the same intention ye maye applye our cerote wrytten in the chapitre of the cure of the sculle beynge brused It is more attractiue thē this plaister When the intention is to consoūde and to drye you may vse a cerote of minium descrybed in the foresayde chapitre Item yf the sayde wounde resyst greatlye true curation and endureth longe tyme ye maye knowe that the sayde wounde is turned to a fistula whyche receaueth seldome trewe curation howe be it we haue healed many whyche hadde fistules and dydde caste out quytture longe tyme by the orifyce of the wounde after thys sorte The cure of a fystle in the breste Fyrst we washed the wounde with thys decoction Decoction ℞ of honye of roses strayned ℥ iiij of the croppes of brambles of the leaues of wylde olyues of euery one m̄ i. of balausties of the ryndes of granades of euery one m̄ ss of lentyles asmuche of the herbe called horsetayle in latine cauda equina m̄ i. of saffran ℈ .i. Let these forsayd thynges be boyled in the lye of vynebraunches and fygge tre braunches and a lytle wyne of granades vnto the consumption of the thyrde parte then strayne the sayde decoction and applye it often wythin the wounde After the sayde lotion I vsed vnguentum de minio and I caused the patiente to vse drynkes that drye and purge quytture as is the potion descrybed by Mesue destinctione eleuen where he makethe mention of playsters and oyntmentes and the sayd potiō is called a mixture to heale woūdes The forme there of is thys A potion of Mesue hys description ℞ of cloues of the rootes of motherwurte of pimpernell of camomill of synckfoyle of the herbe of violettes of the herbe of redde coalewurtes of hempe of euerye one m̄ i. of madder to the quantitie of all Let these forsayde thynges be boyled in sufficient quantitie of wyne tyl halfe be consumed then strayne them and adde vnto them as muche of cleare and cleane honye as the thyrde parte of the sayde decoction shall be The dose of it is in the mornynge ℥ iiij wyth water of mayden heere and scabiouse Here ye shall note that yf in the stede of wyne the sayde potion were made wyth water of maydē heere and scabiouse and wyne of granades it myght conueniently be gyuē to the patient in a fieuer And briefely to fynyshe thys chapitre we wyll gyue two doctrines profytable in thys case The fyrste is that when the chirurgien is called he must dresse it as quyckelye as maye be And the chāber muste be very warme and manye hote clothes aboute the wounde lest the ayre enter in and yf it enter that it be hote and not colde The seconde is the chirurgien muste pronosticate accordynge to the signes that he shal see that he maye saue his name Neuertheles the Chirurgien shall not refuse to cure anye hurte of the membres contayned in the inner parte excepte the harte For nature by the Chirurgiens ayde workethe so well that oftentymes it bryngethe that to passe that semed impossyble Thus. c. ¶ The .xj. chapytre of penetraunt or persynge woundes of the bellie Of woundes persyng thorow the bellie THe woundes of the bellie as the Doctours affyrme ben daungerous cheyfely those that persewyth the hurte of the membres cōteyned The woundes of the bellie communely are caused of cuttynge thynges as by a swerde or poynted thynges as wyth a darte c. Whan the Chirurgien is called to the cure he must consyder the place of the wounde and whether the conteyned membres ben hurte or no which thynge maye be knowen by the sygnes that folowe signes of stomake hurte The sygnes that declare the stomake to be hurt are thies the patient spettethe bloode and hys meate commethe out by the wounde That the guttes ben hurte it is knowen by the great payne Of the guttes and torsyon or grypynge of the bellie and whan the superfluites of the meate commeforthe by the mouthe of the wounde Of the small guttes The sygnes that the small guttes ben hurte are knowen by the place where the wounde is namelye whan the wounde is aboue the nauell If the wounde be benethe the nauel it is in greate guttes we haue declared in oure Anatomie howe that there ben three greate guttes and three small of whyche the three greate are vndre the nauell the three smalle aboue the nauell Wherefore by the place of the wounde ye maye knowe what guttes are hurte You maye knowe whan the lyuer is hurte by thys Of the lyuer that the wounde is aboute the false rybbes of the ryght syde and the bloode that issuethe out of the wounde is redde and the patient hathe greate payne frome the sayd rybbes vnto the flanke by cause the bloode is deryued frome the liuer all a longe vnto the grynde Whan the mylte is hurte it is knowen by thys Of the milte that the wounde is betwene the false rybbes of the lyfte syde and the bloode that issuethe out of the wounde is grosse Of kydnes and verye blacke The hurte of the kydnees is knowen by the place whan the wounde is somewhat lower than the nauell and the bloode also that issuethe oute is cleare and watrishe It is to be noted that sometymes the woundes of the bellie not penetrant or persynge ben not wythout daunger of deathe namelye whan they are aboute the nauell wythin three or foure fyngers bycause of the great muscles that are knytte to the nauell Furtheremore the woundes whiche are in the hyndre
the euyl complexiō of the vlcered perticule Hote cōplexiō For an hote euyl cōplexiō of the vlcered place is knowen by the rednes inflāmation and outward heate of the place and of the partes there about and by the runnyng out of thyn quytture hauinge a redde yelowe or grene coloure A colde complexion is knowen Colde by the blewnes or palenes of the membre wyth whytenes softnes coldnes of the place by grosse slymye and vndigested quytture and wyth watry substance wythout all bytynge and burnyng The signes of an euyl moyst complextion are these The membre is sorte and loose Moyst and full of superfluous moysture These thynges declare a drye complexion drynes Drye hardnes roughnes and thinnes of quytture As touching putrefaction we say that some putrefaction is done alredy some is to be done That whych is done is ambulatyue or walkynge that whyche is to be done continueth styll in hys owne kynde The signes of putrefaction that shall ensue are knowen by alteration of the membres by chaunginge the colour of the sayd vlcers that is to saye by the blacke blewe or grenyshe coloure of the vlcered membre The signes of putrefaction alredy done Signes of putrefaction is euyll colour of the vlcered place and whan the sayde place is depriued vtterly of al felyng though the place shuld be cut or haue bytynge thynges applied therupon An vlcere ambulatiue is sone knowē by enlargynge of the place Further a rounde and fistulare figure resisteth true curinge bycause that the quytture can not issue out but is constrayned to tary in the botome of the vlcers and bycause it remayneth in the botome of the vlcers more thē reason is it receaueth venemenes whych produceth holownes in the vlcers and weakneth the said partes through the weakenes of the mēber the superfluities of the hole membre ben ariued to the vlcered place In like maner the subtilenes of the quytture hyndreth curation for towchyng the partes of the vlcers it maketh a depe holownes throughe hys percyng and through hys moysture it maketh the fleshe softe readye to receaue putrefaction For thynges that come to putrefaction haue parte of moystnes whyche maketh them soft Item the grossenes of the quytture hyndreth curation of vlcers bycause that throughe hys slymynes it cleaueth to the poores and bicause it tarieth to longe in the sayde vlcers it receaueth an euyll qualitie for that that is touched of a rotten thynge rotteth Item the sharpnes of quytture bytynge corosion of the same hyndreth consolidation bycause it consumeth the natural moysture of the mēbre whych shuld be the cause to ioyne together the sondred partes The bloode that is not in due quātitie hindreth curation for the abūdans therof choketh natural heate the wante therof causeth that the vlcered member hathe not hys nouryshmente and nature is deceaued of her purpose bicause it hath not mattier to engender newe fleshe Item the euyll complexiō of the vlcered place letteth curation as well by heate as by coldnes as well by moysture as by drynes whether it be simple or cōpoūde material or not material The reason is bicause that when the complexion of the membre is hurte it must nedes be that the other naturall vertues of the membre be diminished or corrupted for the complexiō of the membre is the hande maide of the natural vertues and helpeth to turne the nourishment in to the substance of the mēbres and conueyeth awaye the noysome superfluities Itē there be some accidētes which hynder curation amonge whyche is immoderate fluxe of blood by which the mattier whereof the newe fleshe shulde be engendred and the spirites is taken awaye or diminished Furthermore paynfulnes weakeneth the hole body the vlcered membres and causeth that the humours arryue to the vlcered place in greate abundans whyche hindreth the cure Also an aposteme whych is a disease compounde of thre thynges namely of euyl complexion euyl compositiō and solution of continuitie hyndreth the cure for sondrye dyseases vexe and greue nature more then one In lyke maner the superfluitie of harde and skalye fleshe gendred in the borders of the vlceres lette the matter to be sente of nature for the generation of fleshe in the same for it can not passe by the poores nor accomplyshe hys naturall operation The addition also of fleshe resysteth curation Moreouer softe fleshe corrosion and putrefaction hyndreth curation bycause that thorough those thynges the matter sente of nature to engender fleshe is altered and so can not do hys kyndelye operation and thus the substaunce of the member is corrupted These thynges before alleged are the causes whyche hyndre the curation of vlceres Nowe we wyll brieflye speake of thynges Remotion of the sayd causes whyche haue vertue to take awaye the forsayde causes Fyrste yf the fygure be fystulare or holowe it muste be destroyed as it shal be declared here after in the chapiter of the cure of fystules and yf it can not be then ye muste fynde a meane to purge the matter before it receaue euyll qualitie in the botome of the vlceres Yf the sayde quytture be subtyle and moyste for rottynge mollifyenge the substaunce of the member ye muste procede to the curation wyth thynges desiccatiue accordynge to the great or small moysture of the sayde vlcere that putrefaction maye be resysted and the straunge moysture consumed Yf the quytture be grosse and slymye cleuynge to the botome of the vlceres and hyndrynge the nouryshmente of the place ye muste remoue it from the vlcered partes as well from the botome as from the borders therof Yf the quytture be sharpe and corrosiue ye muste rectifye the same by thynges whyche haue power to resyste sharpenes and corrosion And when the bloode is in to greate quantitie ye shall diminishe it by cuttynge a veyne yf it be in to smal quātitie ye shal gyue the patient meates of great nouryshement that engendre good bloode Yf the bloode be euyl in qualitie ye muste rectifye it by thynges contrarye to the sayde qualitie as yf it be to hote by colde thynges yf it be to moyst by drye thynges Yf there chaunce fluxe of bloode in the vlceres ye shall drawe the same to the contrarye partes by the cuttyng of a veyne by ventoūs and lyke thynges Yf ther be great paynfulnes ye shall take awaye the cause therof and comforte the vlcered place Yf the fleshe of the vlceres be to soft ye muste take away the straunge or vnnaturall moysture Yf there be superfluous fleshe the same muste be remoued and yf it be harde and shelly ye shall applye there vnto thynges resolutiue and linitiue and yf it resysteth resolution ye muste cut it awaye Yf ther be apostemation ye muste consume the matter by resolution yf it be vndigest ye must prepare it to digestion yf the cause come by corrosion ye shall turne awaye the matter antecedente and remoue the matter conioyncte Yf the
be apostemed It is requisite for the resolution of the matter and for apeasynge of the grefe Epithema to vse fuffumigatyon and epithemes folowynge ℞ of camomylle mellilote branne of the leues of malowes holyhocke and of tapsus barbatus ana m̄ j. of lynseed ʒ j of the rotes of holihocke ℥ .iiij. seeth them all together wyth suffycyent water tyll halfe beconsumed and let the smoke be receauyd and the place epithemed wyth the same decoction ⸫ The thyrde chapyter of the chappyng and cleftes of the fundamente IT chaunseth often Of ryftes in the fundamente that the fundamente is chapped through salte fleme or brente melancolie and sometyme through great costyfenes of the belye or throughe the floynge of a colyrycke humor whyche byteth and chafeth away the skynne of the place wherfore for the curation of the same a leuytyue purgation of the belye presupposed there is nothynge better then to bathe the place and to receaue the smooke of thys decoction folowynge ℞ of camomylle mellylot branne of barlye malowes vyolettes lentylles ana m̄ ii of swete apples somewhat broused in nomber .x. of tapsus barbatus m̄ iii. of lynseed ℥ .iij. of suger ℥ .iij of frankensence of aloes of myrre ana ʒ.ss of licium ʒ x. roche alume ℥ .ii. ss lette them seth al together wyth suffycyent water tyl the thyrde part be consumed and lette the smoke be receyued into the fundament and than vse this lynimente folowynge ℞ oyle of lynseed of oyle omphacine ana ℥ ss of the wyne of swete granades brayed with the ryndes and than strongelye pressed ℥ .iiij. of roche alume ʒ.j of gootes suet and calues talowe ana ℥ .iii. lette them seeth al together tyl the iuce and the wyne be consumed then strayne them and vse them Item oyle of linseed applyed vpon the chappes is good agaynst the paynes of the emoroydes and all dyseases of the fundamēt as Mesue sayth Oyle also of the yolckes of egges laboured in a morter of leade wyth as much oyle of lynsed is a present remedye agaynste the chappes of the fundamente An other lynemente for the same purpose ℞ of the oyle of nuttes Linimentes of the fruite called crysomela of the oyle of swete almons of peches ana ʒ.ii of oyle of the yolkes of egges of oyle of lynseed ana ℥ ss of the iuce of wylde tasell of the iuce of knotgrasse of the iuce of tapsus barbatus an̄ ʒ.vi of aloes epathike ʒ.iii of the iuce of plantayne ℥ .i. seethe them tyll the iuces be consumed than strayne them and vse thys medecyne wythin the fundamente Another ℞ of the oyle of yolkes of egges of the oyle of lynseed ana ʒ x. of goates talowe of moost clere terbentyne ana ʒ iii. of frankensence of Mastike ana ʒ.ss of Rasyn of the Pynaple tree ʒ.i of Aloes Epatyke ʒ.i.ss of tapsus barbatus of the leaues of Plantayne of the leaues of houndestong of horsetayle ana m̄ i. stampe them al and drawe oute the iuce let them all seeth together tyll the iuce be consumed then streyne them and put to the streynynge of litarge of golde and syluer ana ℥ ss of ceruse ℥ iii.ss of burned lede of tucia ana ℥ .ii. myngle them and laboure them in a morter of leade the space of two houres And for as muche as sumtyme the sayde chappes perce into the inwarde parte of the fundamente and cause greate payne chefelye Suffumigation when they are ioyned with emoroides then suffumygacyons and bathynges that swage the payne make to the purpose as a bathe of tapsus barbatus aforenamed Lykewyse ye maye clyster the place wyth the sayde decoction and redde suger and a lytle aloes epathike dyssolued for this clyster swageth payne and maketh good incarnation If the sayde chappes cannot be healed by the foresayde remedyes than it is necessarye to fylle the chappes wyth oure pouder of mercurye for within two or thre times it remoueth the malygnitie as we haue proued in my lorde Marcke cardynal of Romemyshe churche named Cornarius After that the malygnytie is remoued the foresayde remedyes shall suffyce for the curacyon of the vlceres But some tyme it chauncethe as we haue seene that the fundamente is vlcered of a prymytyue cause for the cure whereof at the begynnynge ye shall proceade wyth lenytiue medycynes Wherefore it is conuenyente to bathe the place wyth the decoctyon of malowes of lynseed of tapsus barbatus of barlye and of branne And after the common fashyon ye shall applye a dygestyue of the yolkes of egges and oyle of rooses omphacyne and a lytle saffron Whan the place is dygested for mundyfycation and incarnacyon ye shall procede wyth oyle of lynseede wyth oyle of yolkes of egges and a lytle aloes epatike laboured the space of two houres in a mortar of leade addynge therunto a lytle iuyce of plātayne and a litle litarge of golde and syluer For the reste of the cure ye shal procede with the remedyes afore wrytten c. ¶ The fourthe chapiter of emoroydes or pyles THere are about the ende of the fundamente .v. veynes which are calemoroydalle Of emoroydes or piles and are ordeyned of nature to purge the grosse melancholye bloode in men as womens bodyes are purged euery moneth And as the auncient wryters saye yf the sayde purgation come duely it preserueth the body from sondrye diseases as from the leper from cāker and other like And they be called called emoroyde of Hema whyche in greke is bloode and roys whyche is flowynge kyndes of emoroydes And there are diuers kyndes of them for some bene lyke greynes of raysons or lyke lytle bladers some are lyke wartes and other bene lyke an opened figge redde and full of litle greynes some are lyke mulberyes and are called morales some are small as lytle peces of flesh about the fundamente and some are payneful and apostemous The cause of these for the mooste parte The causes of emoroydes is abundaūce of grosse and melancholyke bloode and sometyme of fleume and sometyme of brent choler sent vnto the sayd place or elles they come through the receit of sharpe medicines or elles of the longe vse of pilles of aloes not washed Wherfore by the great abundaunce of such bloode it chaūceth that the said veynes swel and be extended out of the fundamēt beynge verye paynefull and apostemous Therfore yf the bloode be verye subtyle and sharpe and the passion natural and comynge by courses than the mouthes of the veynes are opened wythoute the melancholye bloode is purged by the benifyte of nature and also the sayde subtile and sharpe humoure Yf they be caused of flegmatyke bloode watrye and not grosse thē they are lyke lytle bladers or greanes of raysonnes whyte in coloure and softe in towchynge and cause no greate payne If they be engendred of grosse flegmatyke bloode they are harde lyke wartes and bene lyke vnrype figges and are not verye payneful
ministres as we haue sayde afore of whyche lette one drawe the hande the other the elbowe they must drawe bothe together equallye And thē let the master restore the bone vnto hys place imbracynge the arme wyth bothe hys handes and let hym haue his aparel prepared as it is said in the vniuersal chapter And let splintes be applyed sixe in nōbre at the leste of whych one must be greater then another and must be layd vpon the fracture as we haue declared in the vniuersal chapter and the byndyng must be more streyght vpon the fracture then in the endes of the splyntes And it is a verye requisite thynge to bynde them conueniently for yf the bynding be to streyte the mēber might be astonyed sometyme cause an aposteme or cancrena and yf it be to loose it wyll not holde the bone fast in hys place When the fracture of the focilles is restored after the foresayd maner let the arme be layed equallye vpō the bedde Neuerthelesse the hande must be somewhat reysed vp that the humours renne not downe to the lower parte At the begynnyng excepte necessitie constrayne ye shal not visit the fracture vnto the .viii. daye Howbeit ye shal laye vpon the bone called adiutoriū a clout dipped in odoriferous oyle of roses beatē with the white of an egge and a lytle iuyce of plantayne leste humours resort to the sore place Furthermore it is a generall rule in thys case and in other lyke that the medicine be chaunged euerye tenthe daye washynge the members wyth the decoction described in the vniuersall chapter of fractures Itē the olde and later doctours cōmaund that the splyntes be not taken awaye wythin xl dayes for as Auicenne sayeth it is better that they shulde remayne to long thā to lytle while It is also requisite in this case that the paciēt absteyn frō laborious mouīg And he must beware that he lay not the member vncomelye Of dyete purgation and flebothomye we haue spoken suffycient in the vniuersall chapter of fractures ¶ The .xi. Chapter Of the fracture of the bones of the handes IT chaunceth seldome that the bones of the hande and the fingers be broken neuerthelesse when it chaūceth the pacyente muste holde his hande vpon a playne table wrapped with stoupes than he muste haue a mynystre to stretche out the thōbe and the other fingers and then the master must conuey the bones of the fyngers and of the other parte of the hande into their natural places applying afterwarde a playster of mildust wrytten in the vniuersall Chapiter of fractures and byndyng on .ii. splyntes accordyng to the length of the fynger He must moreouer bynde the sayde fracture wyth a bande begynnynge from the elbowe to the hande which thynge muste be done sleyghtly that it be neither to loose nor to strayte and the apparell must not be remoued vnto the .vii. daye For other intentions ye shal procede accordinge to that is wrytten in the vniuersall Chapter c. ¶ The .xii. Chapter Of the fracture of the rybbes WE sayde in oure anatomy that .xii. rybbes are situated in mans body of whiche the .v. nether rybbes are called false rybbes and they are seldome broken by reason of the gristlye nature The other rybbes whiche are called complete are often broken by reason of the hardnesse through a bruse or a stroke Concernyng the restauracion of thē the doctours varye neuerthelesse I wyll folowe the excellent doctour m. Guilelmus Placentinus Fyrst as the same doctour sayeth yf the rybbes be broken in one place or in two it maye be knowen by touchyng for ye shal fele a holownesse in the place Signes and by touchynge ye shall cause great payne to the patient and he can not easelye breathe and somtyme there is herde a crashyng of the fracture and sometyme they are but bowed onelye when ye perceyue the forsayde signes then vnderstande that the rybbes be verye moche bowed or els brokē which bowyng or brekyng of the rybbes there foloweth sometymes a disese called a pleurisie coughing spittyng of blood and a great feuer and this fracture is iudged of all doctours to be very daungerous it is lyke in signes causes cure vnto the fractures of the bones of the brest And they must be discretely restored depressyng the bones that stād vp Maner of restoryng and raysyng vp the boones that ben depressed The maner of restoring them is this Ye must laye your lefte hande vpon the parte of the broken bone that standeth out and ye muste prepare your ryght hande to be holden vpon the sayde parte beinge annoynted with some glewysshe oyntment or cerote the space that a man may saye the Psalme of Miserere which done ye must cause the patiēt to cough as stronglye as he can and togyther and in one tyme ye muste thrust downe the parte of the bone that standeth oute with your lefte hande and rayse vp the depressed part with your ryght hande A glewysh oyntment The fourme of the glewysh oyntmēt is this ℞ the white of an egge of mylduste ℥ ss of dragagantū brayed of frankensence ana ʒ i. of fyne byrde lime ʒ vi of muscilage made with rose water glewe of pitche ʒ i. ss mengle them and vse them as is aforsayd or after this maner Take a threfolde cloth and playstre it wyth the sayde oyntment and laye it vpon the depressed part And ye must leaue in the myddes of the playster a pece like a sleue to draw it when nede shal be to reyse vp the depressed bone thrustyng downe with your thombe the parte raysed vp and cause the patiēt to coughe in tyme of restauracion when the bone is restored ye shall applye this playstre folowynge vnto the .vii day renewyng it euery secōde daye ℞ the whytes of .iii. egges of oyle of roses omphacine of oyle mirtine ana ℥ ii of mylduste ℥ i. ss of the muscilage of holyhocke ℥ ii ss of bene floure and barly flour ana ʒ vi of sāguis draconis of terra sigulata of bole armenye ana ℥ ss of frankensēce ʒ i. After the .vii. daye ye shall applye this cerote folowyng ℞ of the rotes of holyhock li. i. two fete of a calfe seeth them all in water and odoriferous wyne and than stampe and strayne the rootes onely and adde to the straynynge of oyle myrtyne and omphacyne ana ℥ iii. of oyle of mastyke ʒ i. ss of most clere terebentine ℥ x. of saffrā fynely poudred ʒ ss of sanguis draconis of terra sigillata ℥ ss of frankensence ʒ ii of beane floure ℥ i. ss mengle them and make a softe cerote wyth suffycient white waxe and lay it vpō the fracture with a brode cloute for his operation is merueilous good to swage payne and to resolue wyndenesse and to comfort the sore place Yf the body be full of humours ye maye cutte the veyne called basilica the fyrst or seconde day in the contrary arme The patientes diete must be
lv Alopetia Fol. ccliiij cxxx Alexanders liniment Fol. cliij Amigdals Fol. v. Anatomie Fol. i. Anatomye the order of it eodem Anatomie .ix. thynges to be consydered therin eodem Anthrax Fol. xxviii Aposteme Fol. xiii xcl Aposteme hath foure tymes eodem Aposteme hath foure maner healynges eodem Aposteme is opened Fol. xv Aposteme simple colde Fol. xxxiiii Apostemes wyndy Fol. xlv Aposteme of the eyes Fol. xlix Aposteme of the browes and eye lyddes Fol. lv Aposteme vnder the eares Fol. lvii Apost of the iawes amigdals Fol. lx Apost of the throte necke Fol. lxiiii Apost hote in the brestes Fol. lxv Apost through flebotomye Fol. 233. Apost colde of the brestes Fol. lxvi Apost of brest rybbes c. Fol. lxvii Aposteme in the backe Fol. lxviii Aposteme of the flankes Fol. lxix Aposteme of the flanke commyng of a longe fieuer or of congeled blood in the bellye Fol. lxx Aposteme of the yarde Fol. lxxi Apost of the fundament Fol. lxxv Aposteme of the shulders eodem Aposteme of the arme Fol. lxxvii Apost of the handes fyngers eodeÌ„ Aposteme sclirotike Fol. lxxviii Aposteme of the fynger called panaritium Fol. lxxix Aposteme of the hyppes eodem Aposteme of the knees thyghes and legges eodem Aposteme of the feete Fol. lxxx Aposteme of the stomake Fol. lxxxi Aposteme of the lyuer eodem Apostemation to let it Fol. lxxxv Apoplexie Fol. iiii Armes woundes of them Fol. xcv Arme broken Fol. clxxvii Aroes the drawing out of theÌ„ Fol. cx Aroe cure of a venemed aroe eodem Arterie Fol. ii Arteria trachea Fol. v. Aschachillos Fol. xxvi Aspes his styngyng Fol. cxvii Attractyue medicines whye they be vsed Fol. ciiij. cvi Auripigmentum howe for to calcinate it Fol. ccvii Aeyre rectifieng of it Fol. xxx B Backe aposteme of the backe Fol. lxviii Backbone peine therin eodeÌ„ ccxxxix Basillare Fol. iii. Bellye Fol. viii Bellye apost of the belly Fol. lxix Belly wouÌ„des ê‘cing throgh it Fol. c. Byndyng or lygature Fol. cxi Bytynge and the cure Fol. cxvi Blader wounde therin Fol. cii Bladers the cure therof Fol. xxiiij Blood when it ought to be stopped in what cause Fol. lxxxiii Blood fluxe of blood Fol. lxxxv Blood signe of arterial blood eodem Blood staÌ„chyng of blood Fol. xciiii Blood staunchynge of blood at the nose Fol. clxxxjjjj clxxxvii Blood the abundaunce of it in vlcers Fol. cxx Blood diminutioÌ„ of it in vlcers eodeÌ„ Bociâ—â— Fol. xxxix ccxxxvij Bodyes tender moyst Fol. lxxxiij bolster Fol. cxiij Bone Fol. ij Bones are nombred Fol. xi Bones broken in generall Fol. clxxij Bones broken dysplased Fol. clxxv Bone of the nose broken eodem Bones chawbones broken eodem Bone canel bone or brest bone broken Fol. clxxvi Bones of the necke brused eodem Bone â—umpe bone broken Fol. clxxvij Bones of the haÌ„des brokeÌ„ Fo. clxxviij Bone rouÌ„d bone of the kne bro. fo clxxix Bonchines Fol. câ—xxxiij Boxynge Fol. xxix Breakynge of the skulle Fol. lxxxâ—ij Breyne panne Fol. iij Breyne Fol. iiij Breyne of the coÌ„motion of the brey fo xci brest Fol. vij Brest wouÌ„des of it Fol. xâ—vij Brest fystula therin Fol. xcix Brestes hote apostemes in bre fo lxv Brest aposteme in it Fol. lxvij Browe aposteme therin Fol. lv Bruse and cure therof Fol. xciiij Brused woundes Fol. â—xiiij Bubâ— a maturatiue for it Fol. â—xxii Burning blerednes of the eyes fo liiij Bâ—râ—ynge by fyre Fo. ccxxxâ—â—iij C Cancrena hys cure Fol. xxvi Canker the forme diuisioÌ„ of it fo xliij Canâ—â—â— Fol. vi Capsula cordis Fol. viij Carbunculus hys cure Fol. xxviij Carbâ—â—culus pustules Fol. lxxi Carolles betwene the foreskinne and heade of the yarde Fol. lxxij Catarattes in the eyes Fol xxxv Cause primitiue antecedeÌ„t Fol. xiij Causes of corruption eodem Cauteries Fol. ccviij Cerote for hardnes of the liuer fo lxxxij Cerote of minium Fol. xâ—â— Cerote for the heade Fol. cxxxvi Cerote for the goute Fol. clxviij Ceâ—â—â—es in generall Fol. ccix Chappes of the lyppes Fol. cxlij Chafynge betwene the thyghes fo clvi Chyldren of the preffynge downe of the bone in theyr heades Fol. xci ccxlvij Chylde deade howe to drawe it out of the wombe Fol. ccxxxij Chilus Fol. ix Chorde Fol. ij Chordes woundes of them Fol. ciiij Cicatrizatiues Fol. ccv Cicatrice Fol. xvi Clisters Fol. ccvi Cistis fellis Colon Fol. ix Complexion is good to be knowen Fol. lxxxiiij CoÌ„plexioÌ„ of medicines incarnati eodeÌ„ Complexions the iudgement of them in all vlcers Fol. cxx Câ—â—craua chilis Fol. ix CoÌ„fideratioÌ„s .iiij. in al cures fol. xlix Conâ—usion Fol. cxiij ccxlvi Cordial confection Fol. xxxi Coronale Fol. iij Cornea Fol. vij Cornea and coniunctiua Apostemes in them Fol. liij Corrosiues Fol. ccvi Cough short breth Fol. cxci cxcvij Crabbe lyce Fol. cxl Curynge in generall Fol. ccxxiij Enttynge of a cataratte Fol. cxxxvi D DecoctioÌ„ helpyng breathing fo xcviij Decoction pectoral Fol. xcix Decoction to breake wynde Fol. ci Deffenes is cured Fol. cxlvi Delatation of the apple of the eye Fol. cxxvii Derbia Fol. cxxxix Diâ—â—â—â—s Fol. x Dietâ— stiptike Fol. c Digestiues of choler Fol. liiij l Digestiues of sanguine eodem Digestiue of fleume and melancholye eodem Digest of salt grosse fleume Fo. liiij Digestiue of hote cause Fo. lxxxi Digestiue of colde cause eodem Digestiue must fyrst be vsed in wouÌ„des Fol. lxxxiij Disease of diuerse ê“perties must haue diuerse curations Fo. xlvi Dislocation Fol. c. lxxix Diuersion of humours Fo. li drawyng out of arowes f. cx ccxlix Dugges cold aposteme of theÌ„ Fo. lxvi Dugges hardnes of dugges not cancrous Fol. lxvij Dura mater causes of apostemation of it Fol. xc E. Eare peyne wtin the eare Fo. lviij Eare apo vnder the eares f. lvij lviij Eares peyne in them Fo. cxlv Eares wormes in them Fo. cxlvij Elbowe woundes of it Fo. xcvi Elbowe displaced Fo. clxxxij Electuary to resolue blood Fo. cxiiij Electuaries lenitiue and resolutiue theyr properties Fo. ccxiiij Electuary to purge fleume Fo. cxliij Emoroydes Fo. cli cclx Epiglotte Fo. v Epitheme coÌ„fortati of the hart F. xxxj Eschare and the cure Fo. xxv Eschare to remoue it Fo. xxij xxvij xxx xxxi xliiij Estiomenos Fo. xxvi Estiomenos the cure f xxviij ccli Excrescentes Fo. xxxix Exiture Fo. xxxiij Experience of vigo Fo. xxvij Eyes Fo. vij Eyes itchynge burnyng blerednes of them Fo. liiij cclix Eyelyddes aposteme therin Fo. lv Eye wounde in the eye Fo. xciij Eyes vlceres spottes and webbes in them Fo. x. xxxij Eyes pani cicatrizes in theÌ„ f. cxxxiij F. Face rubies in the face Fo. xxl Fantasie Fo. iiij Fatnes cured Fo. ccxxxiiij Feuers of maryners Fo. ccxxvij Feuer cureth a spasme Fo. cix Feuer flegmatyke Fo. ccxxx Flebotomy Fo. xxix ccxxij ccxliij Flegmon Fo. xij Flegmon herisipelades Fo. xiij Flegmon the cause therof eodem Flegmon of a primitiue cause fo xiiij Fleg of an antecedent cause Fo.
and small in the tayles And as touchynge the greate partes they maye be nombred amonge the membres compoūde But as concernynge the smale partes they maye be called symple membres bycause of the synnowes wherof they take parte The opinion of Galene concercernyng muscles is true which sayeth that after the muscles bene accomplyshed of synnowes lygamentes fleshe and Skynne of the sayde Muscles there growe chordes and ligamentes whyche ben rounde And when they come aboute the ioyntes they compasse the ioyntes aboute in maner of pellicles or thynne skynnes and gyue them mouynge And when the nexte ioynture is well knytte together they goo from that and come to compasse about semblably another ioynture and they cease not to bynde together vntyll they come to the extreme partes of the bodye The sayde muscles bene in nombre fyue hundred thyrty and one after Auicenne A bone Bones bene symple membres harder then other excepte the teethe as Auicenna sayeth and therfore they sustayne the other partes and are of a colde and drye complexion And nature hath brought forth some of them for the defence of the noble membres as the sculle whyche defendeth the brayne and the bones of the breste and of the backe whyche ben for the preseruacion of the herte and of the Nuke Nuke whyche is the mary in the backe bone And the bones of mans bodye bene greater in the endes then in other partes wyth an apparaunt roundnes and some wyth hollownes And the bones whyche bene ioyned to the ioyntures wyth conuenient hollownes are not lyghtelye put out of ioynte for the hollownes of the ioyntures bene fylled wyth the roundnes of the otherbones And as Auicenna sayeth there ben some naturallye enclyned to haue theyr membres soone put oute of ioynte bycause the hollownes of theyr bones is not depe ynoughe The bones of mannes bodye after Auicenne bene in nombre two hundred fortye and eyghte besyde the bones called Sisamina and Os Laude Os Laude whyche is the fundation of the tonge A chorde groweth oute of a muscle Chorde and is compounded of synnowie matter and of pellicles pannicles or thynne skynnes And the accidentes of chordes and of synnowes ben lyke And as Galene sayeth vpon the Aphorismes of Hypocrates a Spasme or the crāpe foloweth the pryckyng of synnowes and chordes or tendons And euen as a chorde is meane betwene a synnowe and a ligamente so a ligamente is meane betwene a synnowe and a bone Here foloweth of ligamentes There bene two maner of ligamentes Of Ligamentes some growe or descende oute of chordes as we haue declared afore of muscles as Galene recyteth Howe be it Guido is not of that opinion whych semeth to vary from the truth sayenge that all the ligamētes growe out of the bones I haue founde no doctour of that opinion There is another maner of ligamentes whych growe out of the bones as Auicenna sayeth in the chapitre De resolutione continuitatis neruorum And moreouer Auicenne sayeth that ligamentes whyche growe out of the bones bene insensyble membres and that a man maye laye to them stronge medicines And this is the cause why Guido said that all the ligamentes growe out of the bones And Auicenna sayeth in the same chapitre that the synnowes whych ben ioyned with the muscles take part of them and Haliabbas is of the same opinion in the secōde boke of the assignation of the ligamētes and chordes Pannicles bene of a synnowie mater Of Pannicles thoughe the hurte of them be not so dangerous as of a synnowe neuertheles by reason of the greate sensibilite or felynge of the same there is much danger there in for sometymes they induce a spasme that is a cōtraction of synnowes Grystell A gristell is of the nature of bones but it is softer And gristelles were made for supplementes or fyllinges of bones and for the garnyshynge of the partes of mans bodye as ye maye se euidently in the nose and in the eares And therfore the solution of the continuite of the same as Hypocrates sayeth receaueth not restauration after the fyrste intencion of restorynge and consoundynge of membres And Hypocrates sayeth that when the bones or the grystelles or the lyppes or the heade of the yeard ben wounded they growe no more neyther canne be consounded after the waye of the fyrst intention Veynes Of veynes A veyne is a membre whyche conteyneth bloode hauynge hys begynnynge at the lyuer Arterie Arterie is a vessell conteynynge spirituall bloode and spirites hauyng theyr begynnynge at the herte Galene sayeth in the .xvi. boke de vtilitate particularum that Arteries dyfferre not from veynes but in the place of theyr begynnynge and that these two bene ioyned together throughe all the body sauynge that the Arterie is sondred in some partes as in the plyghte of the arme and in rheti mirabili Skynne The skynne is the fyrst thinge that appeareth in the outwarde partes And therfore we wyll begynne oure Anatomie at the same Skynne is the couerture of mans bodye cōpounde of fyllettes or fylmes or as it were lytle thredes procedynge from the veynes synnowes and smale arteries ordeyned to retayne the spirites and felynge of the bodye And there ben two maner of skynnes the one couereth the outwarde membres and the other is a pannicle couerynge the membres wythin the bodye as the couerture of the bones called almokatim the pannicle of the braine the couerture of the rybbes and other semblable Fleshe is diuided into thre kyndes that is to wete Fleshe fleshe Glandulous or Kernellie fleshe full of muscles and symple fleshe Fleshe symple is onelye founde in the gommes and in the heade of the yarde Fleshe Glandulous is founde in the brestes of women and in the Emunctories or clensyng places of thys kynde is the fleshe of the stones The thyrd kynde is fleshe musculous whyche is founde throughe out all the bodye in the partes where voluntaire mouyng is neuertheles fat the nayles the heere 's are nombred cōmunely amonge the symple membres whyche thynges are superfluities produced for the profyte of the bodye as we haue sayd before Of symple membres some haue theyr generation of Sperma or sede Symple membres therfore when solution of continuite is caused in them that is when they ben wounded they can not be trulye restored as they were before but they bene repared by some meane as by a pore called Sarcoides or by harde fleshe as for an exemple the bones of the heade the gristels of the nostrelles Some of the symple membres haue theyr generation of bloode as fleshe fatte the solution of the continuite where of maye be trulye consounded and restored And of these membres some ben colde and drye as gristelles bones heere 's ligamentes chordes veynes and pannicles The skynne is of an hote and drye nature contrarie to the nature of al other membres simple Skynne For the skynne is not onely the meane of the partes of
the bodye but also it is a meane of all the substaunce generatiue and corruptiue The membres simple hote and moyst ben spirites fleshe as Auerroys sayeth The mary flegme and fatte are colde and moyste ¶ The seconde Chaptre Compounde membres NOwe that we haue spoken of symple membres it is coÌ„uenient that we traicte of membres compounde The membres compounde ben those which ben coÌ„posed or set together of the foresayd symple membres And they bene called properly Membra heterogenia that is membres made of other that may be diuided into another kynde or membres instrumentall because they ben the instrumentes of the soule as the face the handes the fete the herte the lyuer And of these membres compounde some ben called membres principall some not principall Principall membres The principal membres ben foure the herte the brayne the lyuer and the stones The membres compounde not principall ben all the other excepte the symple Membres not principal as the eyes the nose the eares the head the face the necke the armes the legges and semblable whose complection shal be declared in the chaptre folowynge ¶ The thyrde chaptre of the Anatomie of the heade and of the membres conteyned in the same WE haue traicted sufficientlye of the Anatomie of membres compouÌ„de and that it behoueth to consyder nyne thynges touchynge euery membre of mans bodye but Auicenna sayeth that in the Anatomie of the heade The situatioÌ„ of the heade we muste coÌ„sydre aleuen thinges and fyrst the situation of the same The heade was not set in the hyghest parte of the bodye for the nastrelles nor for the brayne nor for any other sens but cheifly for the eyes as Auicenna sayth and for the vertue of seynge And the reason is thys bycause the eyes haue the garde kepynge of the body so that men maye se theyr enemyes afarre of auoyde that that is noysome to the bodye They were ordeyned of nature in the former part that they might receaue the visible spirite by the synnowe called Optique and that they might carye visible thinges to the coÌ„mune sens for the synnowe Optique beyng diuided into two brauÌ„ches entreth into the composition of the eye as we shall declare here after An other reason is thys bycause the eyes receaue mouynge of the seconde payre of synnowes whych procede from the brayne And for these causes nature hath set the heade in the hyghest parte of the bodye The parte couered wyth heere The brayne panne and conteynynge the brayne and the interiour partes of the same and the Animal spirites is called after the philosophers the vessell or panne It foloweth consequently that we consyder the ioynynges of the partes of the same For froÌ„ the heade the muscles procede and Lacertes whyche go to the necke and to the face ben moued throughe all the partes of the heed The brayne panne of a man is greater then of any other lyuyng thynge bycause the braine is of greater quantite in man then in other beestes The fourme of the heed is rounde as a boole and as Galene sayeth a rounde fygure amonge all other is moost noble and in lest dauÌ„ger of noysome thynges It is also bossie and bouncheth out in the fore and in the hynder partes The composition of the same is partly bonye partly ful of mary and is of a colde complexion also the partes therof and the dyseases whyche chaunce in it as the tothache dysease of the eyes Catarrhes lyke thynges as it shal be declared in a chapter for the same purpose The noÌ„bre of the partes is knoweÌ„ by the partes conteynynge and coÌ„teyned Basilare and by the bone called Basilare vpon whych all the bones of the heade haue theyr seate and fouÌ„dation The partes conteynynge ben fyue the heere the skyn the musculous fleshe the pannicle whyche is called pericranium or gingiua mater bycause it procedeth from dura mater by the commissures of the bones of the heade after thys is the bone named Cranium or the fyrst table of the bones of the heade The partes conteyned ben fyue The fyrst is the bone called the seconde table The seconde is a grosse pannicle called Dura mater The thyrde couereth the substauÌ„ce of the brayne and is called Pia mater or the Teye The fourth is Rhete mirabile The fyfth is the substauÌ„ce of the brayne Vnder thies is the bone called Basilare whych susteyneth the head And it is called Basilare of Basis whych sygnifyeth a fouÌ„dation There ben in the composition of the heade seuen principall bones of whych the fyrst is called Coronale Coronale and begynneth after the opinion of Haliabas in the fore parte aboute the eye browes endeth at the Coronale coÌ„missure And in that bone there is some tymes a strayte coÌ„missure or seame goynge dyrectly to the myddest of the heade chiefly of womeÌ„ And it is called the bone coronale bycause kynges beare theyr crownes vppoÌ„n that bone In the nether partes of thys bone ben two holes whyche are called Colatories or strayners of the nastrelles and betwene the concauite or hollownes of the two eyes there is a lytle bonye addition in the facyon of a cokescombe vpon the whyche nature hathe planted the grystelles of the nastrelles to diuide the nastrelles After this ben the two Laterall or syde bones ioyned to the bone coronal on both sydes Syde bones Os Laude and in the hynder parte they ben ioyned to the bone called Laude or occipitall in the hynder parte And in the toppe of the heade they ben closed together lyke a sawe And they make the commissure called sagittalis For they come dyrectly from the coronall bone to the coÌ„missure called Lauda and thys is the commyssure called Transuersalis Transuersalis in thys fygure of ciffre 7. and the bone called Lauda is of harder substaunce theÌ„ the other in whych there is an hole and through that hole the marye called Nuka descendethe from the brayne to the ende of the backe by Spondiles After this ben the bones called Petrosa or stonye Pâ—trosa whych are false coÌ„missures or seames touchyng the two Laterall or syde bones in the ryghte and the left syde And they ben called false coÌ„missures bycause they ben skalie stonye and harder theÌ„ other And they are bored through for the necessitie of hearynge And these bones begynne at the commissure called Lauda and ende in the myddest of the temples The last bone is called Basilare whyche susteyneth the heade as it is aforesayde And thys bone hathe manye holes and spongiositees whych serue to purge the superfluities of the brayne of these seuen bones procede fyue commyssures where of thre ben trewe and the other false as we haue sayde The fyrste of the thre commyssures is called the commyssure Coronall The seconde Sagittall The thyrde Laudale Nature hath produced the bones of the heede spongious and full of pores or priuye holes in the myddes of two
tables that thoroughe theyr spongiosite they myghte drawe theyr nouryshment And they ben full of pores that the moyst fumes ascendynge from the brayne maye vapoure out wythout the hurte of the brayne The hed was made of sondrie bones to the entente that yf one parte were hurte it shulde not be commucated to the other And that the Anatomie of membres cōtained in the head might be more euidently declared it is profitable after that ye haue taken awaye the flesche of the sculle of the eyebrowes to diuide the brayne panne with a sawe circularely For incontinently assone as it is opened ye maye see the inner table full of pores and glassie as the outwarde and ye may see also the saide true commissures to whiche the pannicle called dura mater is knyt and ioyned Nature hathe produced thies commissures for foure causes The first is that the veynes maye entre by them whiche brynge nourishement to the brayne The seconde that the fillettes or thredes of the sinowes procedynge from the braine maye comme out and gyue felyng to the partes lying aboute The thyrde that the vapoures ascendyng to the braine may haue passage The last that the pannicle dura mater maye be holden vp that it greue not the braine By the middele or sagyttalle commyssure there passe two veynes procedynge frome the liuer and entre in vndre the sculle lyke wyse by the hole of the bone called basilare theyr commethe an Arterie procedynge frome the harte and ascendeth in to the heade vntil he ioyne hymselfe to the sinowes and veynes afore sayde Of whiche the harde pannicle called dura mater is cōpouned and is ioyned to the commissures procedynge wythout them by certaine lytle synnowes and as it were heres so that those synnowes and heere 's or thynne thredes commynge out of the commissures make a pannicle whiche couereth all the sculle and is called Gingiua mater or Pericraniū Pericraniū Therfore it was conuenient that an Arterie shulde ascende vpwarde frō the hart for if hys pulsatiue mouynge and subtile bloode shulde haue gone downewarde it wolde haue descended to hastely Therefore it is moderated by mountynge or goynge vpwarde Neuertheles it was mete that the veyne shulde goe downewarde frome the ouer parte to the nether that the grosse bloode myght easely descende Also the sayde veynes synnowes Pia mater and arteries ioyne them selues together agayne as it is sayde and make a pannicle verye thynne and subtile called pia mater whiche couerethe al the braine And than the sayd veynes and arteries goe downe to the braine and gyue it lyfe nourischement and vitall spirite procedyng from the harte And asmuche more as the braine receaueth of that vitall spirite so muche more perfecte ben the animall spirites The brayne is a substaunce full of marye diuided in to three vētricles of whyche there is one in the fore parte which is greater than the other three The brayn◠The seconde is in the myddest The thyrde hath hys resydence in the hyndre parte And therfore after Galenes iudgemēt it is the foundation of imagination and of deuysynge and of remembraunce Rasis also affyrmethe that the thyrde ventricle is the fountayne of the senses and voluntarie mouynge The Nuke is as it were a streame descendynge from the sayd partie The Nuke and the synnowes that comme frome the same are as it were lytle ryuers commynge out of a greate streame And moreouer the sayd Rasis sayeth that whan the heade sprynge that is the brayne is endammaged al the ryuers namely synnowes descendynge frome the same be also endammaged by the reason of participation But yf anye harme chaunce to the ryuers the foūtayne is not alwaye hurted but the places wherunto the synnowes are directed The substaunce of the braine is whyte and full of marye and softe and of a colde and moyste qualyte In whyche qualytee it differreth frome the maryes of other bones For it was not ordayned to nourishe the sculle but to conteyne the brayne to preserue the same And the pryncypall vtilyte of it is to tempre the heate of the vitall spirites procedynge frome the harte that the animall spyrites myght be made Of vētricles We sayed before that the brayne hathe three ventricles and the former and the hynder after the opinyon of Anatomistes ben diuided in the myddell that is to saye in the ryght syde and in the lyfte and the sydes of them ben wrapped aboute wyth the sayde pannicles goynge here and there vnto the fundation by whiche the ryght parte is diuyded frome the lyfte In the fore parte that is in the fyrste ventricle consysteth fantasie Fantasie whyche retaynethe the semblaunces of thynges receaued by syght and hearynge In the hyndre parte consisteth the vertue imaginatiue Imaginatiue vertue whyche apprehendethe thynges receaued reteyned by fantasie In the middel ventricule resteth the commune sense Commune sense whych apprehendeth the semblaūces of thinges brouze vnto hym by particulare senses and therefore it is directed to that place and there is ended And hereby appeareth the profite of this ventricle which serueth to imagination or fantasie to the cōmune sense and was produced that it shulde gyue sense animal spirite to al the instrumētes of felyng Also the accidētes which may chaūce to this ventricle ben apparant as solution of continuite euyll complectiō the payne of migraime whan there is anye hurte in the ventricle and some tymes it sufferethe Apostemes hote colde Yf the Aposteme be hote and cōsiste in the pānicles it is called Sirsen Syrsen Yf the Aposteme be colde it is called Lethargus Lethargus and inducethe forgetfulnes And yf by chaunce there be an Aposteme in the substaūce of the braine it is called a mortal Aposteme There maye also chaunce to them a disease by reason of the euyll composition with yf it bee vtterly stoppynge ether it is by vapoures Vertigo and than causeth Vertigo or scotome which is a darckenīg of the syght and a swymmyng in the head as though all thynges turned aboute Or yf it be of an euyll humour than it causeth astonishement and the Palsie Palsye And yf al the ventricles of the braine be stopped with the substaunce of the braine Apoplexie they cause a cōtinuall apoplexie Also the braine is diuided in to foure partes the former the hynder the right the lyfte in the former parte bloode raigneth in the hyndre parte flegme in the right cholere in the lifte melancholie And therefore the former parte is hotest ¶ The seconde ventricle AFter that we haue spoken of the fyrst ventricle and of the seate and complection of it and of the vtilities and diseases that maye chaunce to the same it is conuenient that we speake of the seconde vētricle In the ende of the first ventricle there ben two smal partes or substaūces after the maner of the nastrelles of a man whyche ben to the ventricle as it were a bedde
to putrefaction c. Apostemes often tymes comme to putrefaction bycause they canne not wel digeste them selues and those Apostemes ben obscure or darck haue a vehemente tensyon or stretchynge And he sayeth moreouer that whan ye se an Aposteme of great payne and that the payne seme to diminisch and the coloure to waxe grene or blacke ye maye saye that that Aposteme inclineth to corruption and cankerdnes whyche corruption commeth by reason of two causes The fyrste is the multitude of the mattier Causes of corruption and often tymes the malygnyte and small quantytie of the same Another cause of corruption is the inconuenient and vntimely application of medicines repercussyue and sometymes by the application of thynges muche resolutyue in the tyme of the increace of an hote Aposteme For often tymes medicines resolutyue resolue subtyle partes and the grosse remayne and cause putrefaction of the membre By reason of abundant mattyer Thys corruptyon is wounte to chaūce in an hote Aposteme for that that thorough the multytude of the sayde mattier it can not be ruled and moderated by nature nether by the waye of resolution nor by the waye of suppuration and so it muste nedes comme to putrefactyon and it causethe oftentymes the hole membre to rotte Therfore Auicenne sayth well that the Aposteme that commethe not to rypenes nor to declination is euyll and is the cause often tymes of the mortification of the membre Thys corruption also as we haue sayd commeth oftētymes thorough venemous malignite of humours whych nature canne not amende nor moderate nor bringe to maturation or suppuration nor to true resolution We sayde moreouer that corruptiō of Apostemes may chaunce thorough applicatyon of thynges to repercussyue in the tyme of the encrese of hote Apostemes and also in the tyme of declination as Auicenna wytnessethe sayinge that it chaunceth often thoroughe the applicatyon of thynges repercussyue that the mattier retourneth to pryncipall membres And often it chauncethe that the Aposteme waxeth harde and causethe the membre to seme grene and to corrupte Furthermore we haue seen that corruption of an Aposteme hath chaūced thorough defaute of appliynge cōuenyent maturatyue Medicines For an exemple put the case that a man hathe an hote Aposteme and to rype the same a Chirurgien layeth vpon it a maturatyue hote and moyste it shulde be doubtefull leste thoroughe hys heate the maturatyue shuld draw great quantytie of mattier and cause great peyne nether canne nature moderate or amende the mattyer by the waye of suppuratiō and so of necessite the mattyer rotteth in the membre corrupteth the same Auicenne warneth vs to auoyde this inconuenientie touching the maturatyon of hote Apostemes as of cholere wyth bloode and counselleth vs to applye colde and moyste maturatyues And he sayeth that the heade of the Aposteme muste be emplaistred wyth Psillium and colde and moyste defensyues muste be layed all aboute as an emplastre of the decoctyon of mallowes of the sayde Psillium of violettes made accordynge to art and science Lykewyse a playster maye be made of the meale of barley of Oyle of violettes and the yolke of an egge wyth the leaues afore named Finally an Aposteme endeth by induration thorough applying of thynges to muche resolutyue whyche resolue the subtyle humour leauynge the grosse And also thorough application of thynges to muche repercussyue Thys by the gyfte of God we haue ended thys Chap. whose name be praysed ¶ The seconde Chapitre of curynge of flegmon procedynge of the cause primityue WE haue declared in the former chapitre what flegmon is howe manye kyndes there ben of it and in howe many sortes it may chaunce to mans body furtheremore what an Aposteme is and how it endeth In thys present Chapitre we wyll declare the curation of the same As we haue sayde flegmon chauncethe some tymes whan the bodye is replete and sometymes whan the bodye is not replete but neate cleane And whan flegmon chaunsethe to a cleane bodye not fylled wyth euyl humours as Auicenna sayeth it muste be cured wyth thinges mollificatyue and resolutyue as is a playstre of the meale of wheate wythe water and Oyle of Violettes And yf the bodye be fylled wyth humours the naughtye mattyer muste be purged before medicines ben minystred vpon the Aposteme For els whan resolutyon shulde be made alwayes newe mattyer wolde comme Wherefore whan flegmon chaunsethe to bodyes fylled wyth humours ye muste fyrste make a Phlebotomy that is you must cutte a veyne yf the strength and age of the patient wyll suffer Or the patient muste take a purgation Afterwarde ye must laye vpon the Aposteme thinges mollificatyue and resolutiue And thā there is one maner of curing this and that other whiche chaunseth to a cleane bodye sauynge that an Aposteme in a cleane bodye requyrethe not thynges so repercussyue as that that is in a bodie replenyshed with humours And the reason is bycause that the mattier beynge in a bodie replenysshed wyth humours canne not be so well purged but that some quantyte wyll comme to the place of the Aposteme And it is not so in a cleane bodye whyche hathe not superfluous humours And therefore Auicenne sayed well in the aforesayde place that whan the Aposteme fyndeth the bodye wythout superfluytes of humours the Aposteme muste be cured onely wyth mollificatyues and resolutyues wythout repercussyues And to resolue thys Aposteme whan a man seethe that it commethe to the waye of resolutyon we muste make thys prouisyon We muste take of mallowes and of Violettes A resolutyue of eche an handefull and of the rootes of Altea called Holyhocke or marche mallowes some what stamped a pounde lette them boyle all in water of sufficyent quantyte Of thys decoctyon make a playstere wyth the floure of barley and beanes and wheate and a lytle branne well boulted and lette them boyle agayne tyll they ben thycke and putte therunto in the ende of Oyle of Roses of Oyle of Camomylle of eche ℥ ij and. ss and a lytle Saffran A playster Another playster for the same purpose Take of the cromes of breade well cerced a pounde of the brothe of veale or mutton or of an henne in whyche the rootes of Altea or Holyhocke and the rootes of Lyllies were sodden putte the breade into thys decoctyon whyle it boylethe Than strayne them all vehementlye and stampe them in a mortare And whan they ben well stamped putte vnto them of Oyle of Comomylle of Oyle of Roses of eche ℥ ij of Oyle of Lyllies of hennes grese and buttyre Ana ℥ vj. And of the decoctyon asmuche as shall suffyce and sette them on the fyere agayne stirrynge them aboute tyll they comme to a fyrme and styffe mattyer wherewyth ye shall make playsters to be layed vpon the flegmonike Aposteme twyse a daye Another resolutyue playster swagynge the payne and confortynge the synnowie places in thys forme Take of the rootes of fresche great mallowes called Althea or Holyhock li. j. of the rootes of
chiefly whyche come of the pockes whyche by other medicines could neuer be healed wherfore if you nede the same cerote you must resort to that cha or to our Antidotary where you shal finde it ¶ The .x. cha of ignis persicus and pruna THese two names ignis persicus Ignis persicus pruna and pruna as AuiceÌ„ne saith may betakeÌ„ absolutelye for euerye pustle the bladereth causeth a burnyng inflaÌ„mation as yf the vlceration shulde come of fier or of a cauterye and wyth thys bladeryng and burning it is escarous These pustelles differ not but touchynge the greater or smaller inflaÌ„mation The difference betwixt ignis persicus pruna And they ben both of venymous and corrosiue mattier But ignis persicus hurte the lesse than pruna And therfore pruna is of harder resolution and exiccatioÌ„ as Auicenne testifieth The reason is bycause the mattier of pruna is more grosse than the mattier of ignis persicus And the mattier of ignis persicus is of coloure enclynynge to purple rednes And it is called pruna of the lykenes of a cole and ignis persicus of the lykenesse of a flame of fyer The coloure of pruna is more duskishe blacker The signes of pruna bene The signes that the roote hath a blacke coloure wyth inflaÌ„mation of the place and wyth a lytle rednes The rote of ignis persicus is alwaye redde and prima hath not so great eleuation as ignis persicus The cause is that pruna hathe parte of melancholie And melancholie of his nature maketh not great eleuation Moreouer pruna hath a certayne rough hardnes as yf it were a rynge worme or tettre And therfore no great eleuatioÌ„ appeareth but the one parte is some what lyfted vp and the other depressed And pruna is more enflamed about then ignis persicus The signes of ignis ê‘sicus ben these it is more eleuate and lyfte vp than the other but it is not of so great adustion or burnyng and it hath a certayne cruste and bladers and meane inflaÌ„mation and itchynge The cure wher of we wyll declare in the nexte chapi as breifly as we can ¶ The .xi. cha of the cure of Ignis persicus and Pruna The cure of Ignis persicus pruna THe curatioÌ„ of Ignis persicus and pruna hath foure intentions Of whiche the fyrste is ordinaunce of lyfe the seconde digestion and purgatioÌ„ of the matteir antecedent The thyrde is good gouernaunce remotion of the mattier conioyncte The fourthe correction of the accidentes The fyrst and seconde intentions ben accomplyshed by the doctrine declared in the cha of the cure of Herisipelas The thyrde intention whyche is to gouerne the matteir and to take it awaye is accomplyshed by the administration of conueniente medicines vpon the place of griefe after vniuersall purgation and Phlebotomye of that place in whyche the pustles ben Phlebotomie For the matteir of these pustles is euer venomous thoughe Arzi and other holde a contrarie opinion After a purgation or Phlebotomy let the place be epithemed wyth thys same epitheme familiar Epithema and pleasaunte after the doctrine of Nicolas Florentyne And it is in thys fourme R. of the iuyce of cole worte leaues of the iuyce of plantayne anÌ„ â„¥ iii. of salte â„¥ ss voyle these thynges a lytle together and stepe a cloute in the decoction and make an epytheme and laye it vpon the paynfull place Item to thys entention it is good to take two pomegranades one aygre another swete and seeth them in vynegre and barley water tyll they benefully sodde wyth two handfulles of lentyles and asmuche of plantayne than ye shal presse them and stampe them and serce them fynely and adde vnto them these thynges folowing of the meate of rosted quinces yf they may be gotten or in the stede of theÌ„ of peres or wardens â„¥ iii. of the oyle of roses of vurype olyues of oyle mirtine anÌ„ â„¥ ii of white waxe â„¥ i. ss melt the oyles and the waxe and let theÌ„ boyle halfe an houre with the foresayd meate of quinces or wardens and playster the place therwyth Thys medicine is merueylous good in the beginning and in the tyme of augmentation A good playster for this intention R. of cleane barley of lentiles A plaister of beanes ana mÌ„ .i. of weybreide mÌ„ .ii. of floures of pomegranades of roses anÌ„ mÌ„ .i. of sumach of the graynes of mirtilles anÌ„ mÌ„ ss of gaules .. â„¥ i. bray the thinges that are to be brayed grossely and seeth them with sufficient water tyl the barley and leÌ„tiles breake thaÌ„ presse them stronglye staÌ„pe them and strayne theÌ„ and lette them seeth againe a lytle tyl the moysture of the straynynge be consumed wherunto ye shal adde of oyle mirtine of oile of roses anÌ„ â„¥ ii of the floure of barley and lentiles anÌ„ â„¥ i. ss and lette them seeth agayne tyl they ben thycke sturring them euer about Thys playster is good in this case chiefly in the augmentation IteÌ„ another playster of plantayne or weybreid wrytten of Galene AuiceÌ„nna A plaister of weybrâ—â—â— is of good effecte and is thus ordeined R. of weybreid of leÌ„tiles of broune breade of eche equall partes of gaules in nombre .x. which are added of Auicenne seeth them al in water and bray theÌ„ wyth sufficient quantite of oyle of roses make a plaister at the fyer Another of the description of AuiceÌ„ne sayeng that it is good in the begynnyng in the augmeÌ„tation and in the state Take two aygre pomegranades boyle them in vinegre than stampe them make theÌ„ in the fourme of a plaister and laye it vpoÌ„ the place ☞ Note that we haue often proued the playster of pomegranades that of Auicenne last writteÌ„ of aygre pomegranades and we haue founde more profitte in that of our description of two pomegranades other ingredientes then in Auicennes whiche is only of aygre pomegranades vinegre And after our iugemeÌ„t the cause is that the venomous matteir is more strongly holdeÌ„ wythin the meÌ„bre by that of Auicenna then by ours wherfore we must coÌ„sidre well the cause of the application of euerye stronge medicine which doth mightely represse driue backe Another linimeÌ„t R. of the iuyce of plaÌ„tayne of nightshade of houseleke anÌ„ â„¥ i. of the leaues of mallowes violettes sodden strayned â„¥ iiii of the meate of apples rosted and strayned â„¥ ii ss of vngueÌ„tum populeon of vngueÌ„tuÌ„ rosaruÌ„ of oyle of roses anÌ„ â„¥ ii ss put them al in a mortar of lead labour them wyth the pestell the space of an houre wyth the foresayd strayninges putte therunto of litarge of golde syluer anÌ„ â„¥ ii Note that it shall be better to putte the litarge with the oyntmeÌ„tes only afterward to mengle them now puttyng in a lytle oyle and now a lytle of the iuyce of the foresayde herbes and so fourth tyll all be wel mengled laste of
not suffre stronge medicines and quyckely receaue putrefaction Wherfore whan the body is weake of a disease not furious and in a membre of delicate complection and of easye putrefaction than the aygre medicines ought to be of smale mordication or bytyng And lykewyse in contrarye dyspositions they muste be strōg And as Cornelius celsus sayth we muste cure an immoderate qualite of a disease wyth a vehemente remedye a meane wyth a meane Hypocrates sayeth that to extreme diseases extreme remedyes ben necessarye c. Thus endeth thys present Chapitre for which the name of god be praysed ¶ The .xviij. Chapitre of Carbunculus and Anthrax CArbūculus is a lytle venimous pustle burnynge the place where it is Carbunculus And it makethe at the begynnynge a blader and than an eschare as yf it hadde been made of fier or seethynge water and it is wyth intolerable payne burnyng and inflammation al aboute whyche pustle is some tymes redde or yelowe some tymes grene or blewe and sometyme blacke And euerye one of thies after the opinyon of Rasis is mortall bycause of theyr venime neuertheles that that is redde or yelowe is not so daungerous as that that is grene or blacke Auicenne sayth that they whych haue a blacke carbuncle escape not deathe howbeit we haue seen manye to haue escaped And thies pustles carbunculus and Anthrax differre not as olde and new wryters testifye but in gretnes and smalnes For as Guillermus placentinus sayth Anthrax Anthrax is nothyng els but a Carbuncle tourned in to malygnite whyche hathe not been well healed And the colour of it is fyrst chaunged from redde in to grene afterwarde becommeth blacke and by that change we see often that the place commethe to a corrosion and great mortification of the membre in whyche Anthrax is Thies pustles ben multyplied in the tyme of pestilence and in pestiferous regions as Auicenna saythe And those ben more suspected in the tyme of pestilence than in other tymes by reason of the infectyon of the ayre They chaunse often in the emunctories or clensynge places by the waye of termination ad Crisim For the noble membres sende the infectiō to places lesse noble And Auicenna saythe that euery Crisis is grod Crisis but in a fieuer pestilentiall Carbūculus Thys pustle is called a Carbuncle bycause the place where it is becommeth redde and burneth wyth great payne as yf a coale were layed vpon the membre Anthrax Anthrax is a greke word and sygnifieth also a coale for it gnaweth and eateth the flesche as a burnynge coale And ye muste note that Anthrax is a malygne pustle hauyng about it certayne lytle yelowe veynes of the coloure of the rayne bowe For the sayde veynes ben sometyme redde somtyme grene and blacke And at the begynnynge the pustle is no greater than a lentile hauynge the poynte fyxed inwarde It causeth intolerable payne wyth cruell accidentes wyth great ponderosite or heuynes as yf leade on the place dydde oppresse it and the patyent hathe great luste to slepe We wyll wryte a specyall Chapitre of Carbunculus and Anthrax and of the Aposteme whyche chaunseth to them that haue the Pestylence called Bubo Nowe it is euydente what dyfference there is betwene Carbunculus and Anthrax namely in greatnes and smalnes Signes of dethe in Carbunculus After thys knowelege We muste comme to the sygnes whych ben fyue Fyrste ye shall note that yf the Carbuncle appeare and than departe and hyde hymselfe wythout greate alyenation or chaunge of the patient it is a sygne of deathe Secondly yf the place in whyche the Carbuncle was drye vp wythout raysonable causes it sygnyfyeth that the patyent is nygh deathe after the sentence of Hypocrates Thyrdlye yf it be right ouer agaynste the harte or the stomake for the moste parte it is mortall The fourthe pronostyke is whā the Carbuncle commethe to the clensynge plases it is mortall bycause hys venimousnes commeth easelye to the pryncypall membres The fyfthe is that amonge the emunctories those of the harte are moste suspected of deathe The reason is euydent to thē that consydre the poysonned nature of the mattyer For it is alwaye the nature of Venimous mattyer to assaute fyrste the harte as the captayne of mannes bodye Thus thys present Chapitre is ended for whych the name of god be praysed ¶ The .xix. Chapitre of the cure of Carbunculus and Anthrax IN the cure of Carbunculus The cure of Carbūculus Anthrax and Anthrax fyue intentions ben required The fyrste is to ordre the lyfe The secōde to purge the mattyer antecedent The thirde to take awaye the mattier conioyncte The fourthe to purifye the ayre of the house and to rectifie it frome daye to daye and to counforte the harte aswell wythin as wythout The fyfthe to correcte the accidentes Diete The fyrste is accomplysshed by the syx thynges not naturall declinynge to coldnes and dryenes as the ayer and meates ce Wherefore the patient muste eate the meates declared in the chapitre of herisipelas as laictuce a ptisane of barley wyne of Granades and al aygre thynges as Limmōs Veriuyce and lyke thynges mēgled wyth hys meates Semblably ye muste gyue hym in the fyrste dayes a brothe of a chickin and flesche altered wyth veriuyce wyth commune seedes brayed Almandes and the cromes of breade well leuenned Ye maye gyue hym also delayed wyne of small strength and that is of the nature of wyne of Pomegranades Neuertheles thys I admitte only yf the bodye be weake and the disease furious and the accidentes euyll For Auicenne saythe in the chapitre of a fieuer pestilentiall They that eate stronglye perchaunse scape the daungier of so great a disease Finally they that haue a Carbuncle or Anthrax lette them be gouerned as they that haue a Pestilentyall fyeuer The seconde intention is to purge the mattier antecedent And it is accomplished by purgyng the humours by conuenient medicines Flebotomye of the same parte and by flebotomie Assone as ye shall perceaue thys dysease to be euydente incontinently cutte a veyne in the sydewhere the Carbuncle is and not in the opposyte or contrarye And before ye cutte a veyne ye muste alwaye vse a Clister lenityue howbeit some saye that ye muste cutte a veyne in the part opposyte or ouer agaynst regardyng more the daungyer of drawynge the venimous mattyer to the sore place than the peryll of the venimous mattier passynge ouer the pryncipall mēbres They that ben of thys opinion doe euyll as a lerned Chirurgien Antonius Gainereus testifyeth sayinge that in the curation of a Carbuncle or of a pestiferous kernell or botche called Bubo a flebotomye must not be made but in the same parte where the Aposteme is And it muste be done without anye tariynge For whan nature perceauethe that a pryncypall membre is hurte she enforceth to sende the infected bloude to the emunctores as hyr enemye wherefore yf ye lette bloode
a Playstre in the maner of a Cerote Yf the Vndimia be wyth payne of a cause antecedent than it muste nedes be eyther Flegmonides or herisipelades Yf it be Herisipelades it is necessarye to appayse the griefe and to take awaye the Herisipelas For excepte ye take awaye the payne and the Herisipelas the Vndimia can not be taken awaye The reason is bycause the remedyes requyred to thys Cure of true Vndimia bene hoote and drye and contraryewyse ☜ the remedyes requyred to the Cure of Herisipelas bene not hoote and drye neyther fytte to swage payne caused of Flegmon or Herisipelas Therfore Galene sayethe that whan two diseases bene ioyned togyther the intention of the medicine muste be to the pryncipall withoute the whiche the lesse can not be cured respect had also to the other The fourth intention whych is to correcte the accidentes is accomplisshed as it here foloweth The accidentes that chaunce in this disease bene itchynges chefelye whan the Aposteme commeth of solution of continuitie or by breakyng of a bone or dislocation and whan thys Aposteme is healed by resolution or whan the payne was in the Aposteme throughe commixtion of an hote humour with fleame Yf thys Aposteme come to ryping it must be ryped wyth a Playstre of Holyhocke wrytten in the Chaptre of the Cure of Flegmon wherevnto ye maye adde a lyttle fenugreke and lyneseede A cerote To take awaye the payne of Herisipelas or of Flegmon chauncinge wyth Vndimia ye maye vse this cerote â„ž of the leaues of Mallowes and vyolettes Ana. mÌ„ i. of the rootes of Langedebeefe â„¥ ii of the rootes of Holyhocke halfe a pounde of the seede of quynces Ê’ iii. of cleane barlye mÌ„ ii Let them seeth all togyther wyth suffycyent water tyll the barlye breake than presse them and cut them after the breadthe and afterwarde stampe them and strayne them and to that that is strayned adde of oyle of roses of oyle mirtine of oyle of vyolettes and Camomylle Ana â„¥ ii of hennes grece of vnguentum Rosarum after Mesue of vnguentum Galeni Ê’ i. of calues kyddes and gootes tallowe ana â„¥ i. and ss and let them al boyle agayne togyther a lyttle whyle and than wyth suffycyent whyte waxe make a softe cerot addyng in the ende of the decoction of beane floure well boulted and of barlye floure ana â„¥ i. This cerote is right good to swage payne and hath strengthe to take awaye Herisipelas and to comforte the place And it is somewhat resolutyue of the mattier that causeth Vndimia All whyche vertues bene requyred to the curation of the same After that the grefe is ceased and the inflammation of Herisipelas or Flegmon taken awaye For the remotion of Vndimia ye must procede wyth gentle resolutyues and confortatyues hauyng vertu to comfort to drye and to consume the vnctuositie that is in vndimia howbeit ye must do this wyselye you must beware that Herisipelas retourne not and cause newe inflammation and payne In this case the descryption folowynge is conuenyent â„ž of vngueÌ„tum rosarum Mesue of vnguentum Galeni Ana â„¥ iiii of oyle of roses coÌ„plete and of oyle mirtine Ana .li. ss of oyle of camomyll and dyll Ana â„¥ ii of lambes or kyddes and calues tallowe Ana. l. ss .. of the iuyce of morell of the leaues of mirtilles and graynes of the same stamped al togyther Ana â„¥ iii. of a decoction of holyhocke li. i. Let them boyle al togyther vnto the consumption of the decoction and Iuyces than putte to these vnder wrytten Take of litarge of golde and syluer well brayed Ana â„¥ iiii of bolearmenye â„¥ i. and. ss of Cerusse Ê’ x. of Tutie preparate Ê’ syxe of quenched lyme and ten tymes wasshed â„¥ ss A sygne of the perfecte decoction of of this cerote is whan it begynneth to be blacke we haue proued this cerote with the other aboue wrytten A proued cerote in a cardinall in the cardynall of Alexandria whyche longe tyme trauayled wyth Vndimia meÌ„gled wyth a wyndie Aposteme and with a choleryke humour And it didde holde him from the flanckes vnto the legges and fete And for thys cure we receaued c. lxxx ducates of golde It resolueth flegmonike mattier whiche causeth vndimia with exiccatioÌ„ and confortatioÌ„ of the place so that the hote mattier which is sharpe as we haue sayde and cause the payne and itche sometyme heresypelas inflammatyon canne not ioyne hym selfe wyth the mattyer conioyncte Moreouer it resolueth ventosities or wyndines of flegmatyke Apostemes Whan this Aposteme is comme to maturitie or rypenes incisyoÌ„ must be made accordyng to the doctrine declared in the former cha After incisyoÌ„ ye muste digeste mundifie and incarne the place with the remedies declared in the foresayde chapitre An oyntment for an â—â—che If itche chauÌ„ce in the place ye must anoynte it wyth thys vnctyon â„ž of oyle of roses of oyle myrtine of vnguentuÌ„ PopuleoÌ„ Ana â„¥ ij of vnguentuÌ„ rosarum or in stede thereof of VnguentuÌ„ Galeni infrigidatinuÌ„ â„¥ ij ss of the iuyce of plantayne and nyghshade Ana â„¥ ij lette them leeth all together vnto the consumptyon of the iuyce thaÌ„ stirre theÌ„ aboute with a pestil in a mortare two houres so that they bee all strayned before addynge of litarge of gold and syluer Ana â„¥ ij ss of bole Armenie â„¥ ss of cerusse Ê’ iij. of camfore ℈ j. we haue proued this vnction to be excellent in taking away itchynges of what soeuer sorte they be If the Aposteme comme to hardnes for mollifycatyon and resolutyon ye must resorte to the cha of Sephiros ¶ The fourthe Chapytre of Knobbes NOdi or knobbes after Auicenne ben harde eminences Knobbes hauynge wythin a pannycle as it were a purse called Cistis in whiche the mattyer is conteyned And thys mattyer is sometymes lyke a chestnutte halfe chawed and sometymes there issuethe oute of them a mattyer lyke honye Mellinus and than it is called Mellinus Whan the mattier is lyke a chestnutte as we haue sayde some calle it Lugia Lugia Somtymes there is founde in the sayde knobbes a mattyer lyke the muscilage of Holyhocke and sometimes with corrupted quytture oftentymes there ben founde knobbes whiche onely are ful of carnosyte or flesshines and than they ben called carnall or flesshie knobbes Furthermore there is a kynde whyche commethe vpon the synnowes Fleshie knobbes and is called nodatyon Thys appearethe the dyfference that is betwene nodes or knobbes Nodes nodatioÌ„ diffeâ—â—e and nodatyon For nodes be in the flesshe and nodatyoÌ„ in the synnowes Nodes growe in synnowye places and aboute the ioyntes and moue froÌ„ place to place but nodatyon remayneth fyxed knobbes ben engendred of a cause primityue antecedent and conioyncte The primityue is a fall a stroke or euyll regyment The cause antecedent is a grosse humour flegmatyke sent of nature to the weake place And by reason of the weakenes of the place the subtyle parte
of a Melon and some tymes to the greatnes of a courde And it hathe sondrye names accordynge to the places in whyche it is engendred as we haue sayde of Testudo but we nede not to passe for the names so that we haue the true intentyon of healynge All thies kyndes of eminences ben engendred of a cause primityue antecedente and conioyncte The cause primityue is euyl regiment in eatyng and drynckynge The cause antecedent is the multytude of fleame hardened and dryed The cause conioyncte is the humoure gathered to the place Scrophiles As concernynge Scrophiles some ben paynful and haue part of an hote humour and ben redde and not verye harde Thies maye be healed by resolutyon or by suppuratyon Sometymes they ben greate and olde and haue coniunctyon wyth synnowes and veynes and are of euyll coloure Take no cure of thē for they comme often to a Canker Ye maye haue the same iudgement of glandules whan they comme to malignitie and cancrosytie Consydre wel theyr sygnes that ye maye knowe whan they ben euyll There chaūce in the emunctories certayne harde emynences called Bubo and fugile and they haue coniunction wyth the synnowes ¶ The seuēth Chapitre of the cure of Scrophiles glandules and lyke emynences THe cure of glandules The cure of glandules c. Scrophiles and excrescences of the same nature is accomplisshed by foure intentyons The fyrste is good regiment of diete The seconde is to take away the mattier cōioyncte by medicines resolutiue The thyrde to purge the mattyer antecedent The fourthe to take away the mattyer cōioyncte by handye operatyon or by the applicatyon of a caustyque medicyne whan they canne not be healed by resolutyon The fyrste intentyon is accomplisshed accordyng to that Diete that is sayde in the Chapitre of the cure of nodes In thys case the patyent must endure hōgre asmuche as is possyble and kepe hym selfe frome eatyng vnto vomite He muste haue hys heade layed hygh nether muste he slepe grouelyng whā he slepeth lykewyse he must not speke muche nor laughe whan he speaketh For the accomplisshement of the seconde intentyon lette the mattyer be thus digested ℞ Oximel compositū Digestiue of Syrupe of Sticados of honye of Roses Ana ℥ ss of the waters of scabiouse Endiuie and Fumiter Ana ℥ j. mengle thē After that he hath vsed this digestife let hī be purged with this purgatiō Purgation ℞ of Diacatholicon of Diaphenicō of electuarij indi maioris ana ʒ ij make a small potion wyth the cōmune decoction addynge of syrupe of violettes ℥ i. and. ss Eyght dayes after that he hath vsed thys medicine to euacuate the matter antecedent it is good to take euery daye in the mornynge one of these pilles Pilles by the space of fourtye dayes excepte the two dayes whē the moone chaungeth ℞ of Euphorbiū of ginger of turbith of the iuice of the rootes of Ireos of Agarike ana ʒ i. make xl pylles wyth the sayd iuyce Also it shal be very good to take euery euenynge a lytle of thys compositiō ℞ of hony of roses of syrupe of sticados ana ℥ iiij of suggre ʒ iij. of agarike in trocisques ʒ ss of salis gemme of spike of cinnamome of galangale ana ℥ ij of cloues of macis ana ʒ i. of polipodie ʒ i. ss of turbith preparate ʒ ij of longe pepper ℈ ij make a confection of al these wyth the wyne of quynces The receyte of thys is ℥ ss It is of excellent operation to take away an euel flegmatyke complexion in any bodye it rectifyeth the euyll qualite and purgeth the grosse humour The thyrde intention whych is to take awaye the matter conioynct is accomplyshed by the administration of locale medicines whych maye resolue thys matter and mollifye it Of whych thys is one of good effecte A cerote resolutiue ℞ of the muscilage of holyhocke of fenugreke linsede of drie fygges .li. i. of cōmune oyle of oyle of lillies and camomille ℥ ij of capons grece gose grece and swynes grece melted of cleare terebentine of wethers tallowe melted ana ℥ ij and ss of lytarge of golde well brayed and cersed ℥ viij Let thē boyle al together to the consumption of the iuyce muscilage thē wyth sufficient newe waxe make a cerote clāmysh and cleauynge addynge of armoniake Iris sygnifyeth a flouredeus of galbane dissolued in vynegre ana ʒ i. of newe ireos well brayed ℥ i. and. ss seeth them altogether and make a cerote after the maner of diaquilon Thys cerote is souerayne to resolue scrophules and all other glandules procedyng of flegmatyke matter Another remedy to thys entētiō Playster ℞ of whyte diaquilon of great diaquilō of the swette of shepes woulle called isopus humida ana ℥ i. of ysope of galenes cerote ʒ x. of the iuyce of flouredelys ℥ ss of the iuyce of affodilles ʒ i. of the muscilage of holihocke ℥ iiij Let them boyle altogether vnto the consumptiō of the muscilage then put to of cleare terebētine ʒ vi of whyt waxe asmuch as shall suffice make a cerote Item to the same intētion ℞ of galbanū of serapine of Opopo armoniake ana ℥ ss of the decoction of flouredelis ℥ ij of whyte vynegre ℥ ij and. ss dissolue thē altogether and boyle them vnto consumption of the iuyce and decoction then adde of oyle of lillies of cleare terebentine of whyte waxe ana ʒ iij. let them boyle agayne one boylyng put to of brayed flouredelis ʒ ij Another ℞ of the rootes of lillies ℥ iij. of the sedes of water cresses of ireos cutte accordynge to breadth ana ʒ i. boyle thē in sufficiēt water tyll the sede of the watercresses be broken then presse them and stampe them Whych thyng done make a plaister in the muscilage of the foresayde thynges wyth branne well brayed and sodden wyne asmuche as the muscilage shal be Thys playster is excellēt to resolue scrophules so that they be not paynful and suspected of a canker A cerote To the same intētiō ℞ of armoniake and galbane dyssolued in vynegre and adde a lytle terebentine and a lytle mastique gūme and a lytle of the rootes of flouredelis wel brayed of oyle of lyllies of hēnes grece ana ʒ iij. reduce these thynges to the forme of a cerote vpon the fyer accordynge to arte It is a good remedye for scrophules Yf it chaunce that the scrophules cā not be resolued by the medicines aforesayde but that they come to the waye of maturation it auayleth muche to helpe the maturation forward Maturatiue The maturatiue of scrophules must be such ℞ of the rootes of holihocke of lillie rootes ana .li. ss when they ben soddē in sufficient water stāped strained put vnto them of garleke headdes rosted vnder the coales ℥ iij. asmuche of whyt oynions rosted after the same maner of oyle of lillies buttyre ana ℥ ij of swynes grece gose grece ana ℥ ij ss whyche
chapitre for whych the name of god be praysed ¶ The seconde chapitre whyche treateth of the apostemes of the eyes aswell hote as colde and of theyr curation IN the former chapitre we haue sufficientlye declared al apostemes pustles other dyseases that chauÌ„ce in the heed In thys present chapitre we wyll treate of a kynde of an aposteme whych chauÌ„ceth to the eyes called Optalmia Optalmia as Galene sayeth He wolde say Ophtalmia is a flegmoÌ„ passioÌ„ of the skynne in the eye called coÌ„iunctiua after hys accideÌ„tes it is a dysease of the eye And here in all doctours agre that Optalmia is an aposteme of the skynne called Coniunctiua There chaunce sondrye and daungerous dyseases to the eyes And for asmuche as they be most necessarie noble and profytable to mans lyfe they ought to be kepte wyth greate diligence and the dyseases oughte to be healed more studiouslye The causes of optalmia dyfferre not froÌ„ the causes of other apostemes vniuersall and particulare Causes of ophtalmia seynge that the humours or reumes whyche cause obtalmia come more froÌ„ the braine theÌ„ to other apostemes of other membres For the moste parte thys dysease coÌ„meth of a cause primitiue is augmeÌ„ted by the same as by smokes windes dust the sonne sharpnes of thynges that go into the eyes chyefly wheÌ„ the body is replenyshed wyth humours Two kynde of ophtall There ben two kyndes of optalmia of which one is of lytle appearauÌ„ce lytle inflaÌ„matioÌ„ wyth some humiditye hys action is in the superficiall parte of the eyes and is called of Auicenne conturbation There is another kynde which is deper in the substaunce of the eye in whych the whyte of the eye beyng ful of rednes couereth some tymes the apple of the eye The signes of Obtalmia proceding of a sanguine matter ben these that folowe namelye heate of the eyes Sygnes rednes with inflaÌ„mation of the same of the veynes the fulnes of the skynne called coÌ„iuÌ„ctiua the heuynes of the heade chyeflye about the temples browes blerenes of the eye lyddes and teares dropping downe with heate There ben other sygnes declared in the chapitre vniuersall of a sanguine aposteme Yf the obtalmia be caused of cholere then these ben the signes Opthtalmia of choler sharpe griefe inflaÌ„mation greate rednes of the eyes with plenteous teares whych be somtymes so hote that they scalde the corners of the eyes cause the heere 's of the eye lyddes to fall the patient feleth certayne pryckynges bytynges wythin the eyes as there were sande or duste in theÌ„ The foreheade also is very hote the partes about ben heuy The eyes ben but a lytle blere bycause the matter is hote Of flegme drye The sygnes of optalmia procedynge of flegmatyke matter ben these great inflation of the place lytle inflaÌ„mation lytle rednes lytle payne fewe teares but great heuynes of the heade Melanâ—holie Lykewyse the sygnes of Optalmia procedynge of melancholy ben these lytle rednes lytle heate lytle inflation lytle moystnes the eyes ben of duskyshe colour very heuye Optalmia hath foure tymes as other apostemes namely begynning augmeÌ„tatioÌ„ state declination And euerye one of these tymes conteyneth thre tymes as we haue said in the cha of flegmon as augmeÌ„tatioÌ„ hath begynnyng mydle ende c. And these foure tymes the three of euery one of them are diligentlye to be noted that thynges maye be administred accordyng to the dyuersitie of the tymes Moreouer it is to be noted that optalmia is sometymes caused by coÌ„munite somtymes by essence Ophtal of essence or beynge when it is caused by essence or beyng it procedeth from the heade is called Optalmia capitalis whych thynge is easely knowen by the heuynes of the heade Ophtal capitalis and payne of the same But wheÌ„ there is rednes in the eyes and heate in the foreheade wyth payne and beatynge and the temples ben stretched and the veynes full Ophtal of gingiua mater and the place enflamed these sygnes declare that the optalmia procedeth of gingiua mater And yf there be continuall runnyng of matter froÌ„ the brayne to the palate or roufe of the mouthe and nastrelles wyth neesynge and itchynge ye maye knowe that it procedeth oute of the inwarde partes And yf it procede oute of the stomake it coÌ„meth wyth vomite Furthermore it is conuenient to knowe Paroxysmes that optalmia hath certaine paroxysmes or fyttes and periodes or courses whyche folowe the nature of humours that cause optalmia And as Gordon sayeth we muste not be negligent in obtalmia For yf it be not cured diligentlye it leaueth euel accidentes as cornea ruptura pannus macula whyche ben of harde curation cause vlceration of the apple of the eye And Optalmia after the auncient Contagious and later doctours is a contagious disease passeth from one eye to anoher To the cure of thys dysease there ben requyred syxe inteÌ„tions The fyrst is dyete The seconde digestion of the euell matter The thyrde purgation of the matter digested The fourth prohibition diuersion or turnyng awaye of the catarrous mater whych coÌ„meth to the eyes The fyfth is accomplyshed by administration of sondry locale medicines accordynge to the dyuersite of the tyme of thys dysease The laste is to take awaye the accidentes of it The fyrste intention when the matter is hote Dyete is accomplyshed by the administration of the syxe thynges not naturall enclynynge to coldnes and to dryenes or moystnes accordyng to the nature of the euell humour Yf the matter be colde let the patient be gouerned after the ordinaunce of the syxe thynges not naturall as we haue declared in the former chapitre of apostemes that is to saye yf the matter be flegmatyke ye muste resorte to the chapitre of vndimia Yf the matter be melancholyke resorte to the chapitre of Sephiros Yf it be choleryke to the chapitre of Herisipelas Yf it be sanguine to the chapitre of Flegmon Laictuse But we muste consyder that laictuces be not conuenient in thys case all thoughe they maye be permytted in herisipelas and in the cure of flegmon In the fyrst dayes wheÌ„ the matter is hote let the patient abstaine froÌ„ drinkyng of wyne eatyng of flesh which engendre grosse matter and grosse vapours It is sufficient for hym to eate grated bread soddeÌ„ with suggre or floure of wheate with suggre or grated breade with the coÌ„mune sedes let hys drynke be a ptisane or water boyled with a pece of breade let him drinke it with suggre or wyth a iuleb of violettes Also ye may gyue the patient wyne of pomegranades at the begynnynge vnto the augmentation In the state and declinatioÌ„ he maye vse wyne of good odoure moderatly tempered with water In obtalmia that procedeth of colde matter let the parieÌ„t drynke wyne of good odoure and
vehement payne yea the same doctour sayeth that yf the begynnyng be with vehement payne we muste be content to euapore the matter wyth colde water Howbeit Gentilis expounyng the text of Auicenne vnderstode hote water not colde And I saye that yf the foresayde water be a decoction of mallowes vyolettes barlye melilote it shall be more conuenyent than symple water and of greater operation in swaging grefe In this case a flebotomie diuersyue is conuenyent at the begynnynge Flebotomie as Auicenne teacheth sayinge ye must diminisshe the matter by cuttynge a veyne if it be nedefull wherfore as we haue sayde befor the vnlearned chirurgiens do very euyl in this case applying in all tymes attractyue medicines For by great attraction somtymes the matter is multiplyed in the place into so greate quantitie that nature can not rectifye it neyther by waye of maturation neyther by the way of suppuration and so we haue often sene the matter in the place to be corrupted or come to stonye hardenesse whan this aposteme is brought to maturation by the forsayde maturatyues ye shall open it and after that ye haue opened it and suppressed the bloude you must procede thre or four dayes with medicines which are cōuenyent to make matter fluide or flowyng Afterwarde for the mundifycation incarnation and cicatrisatiō ye shall procede after the doctryne declared in the Chapitre of the Cure of Flegmon in generall Thus by the ayde of god we haue ended this chaptre whose name be praysed ¶ The .xiiii. Chaptre ¶ Of an hote aposteme of the gummes and palate or rouffe yf the mouth Hote apostemes in the gūmes c. AN aposteme of the gūmes and of the palate is engendred often of hote and catarrhous matter It cōmeth also sometymes of the payne and putrefaction of the teeth But of whatsoeuer matter it come presupposed that the antecedēt matter be purged after as the humours shall requyre there is nothynge better than to admynistre this remedy vnder wrytten whiche is of thys effect that it procureth quyckly the yssue of the matter and swageth payn ℞ of fat drye fygges of dates an̄ in nōbre .iiii. of raisines ℥ i. of iuiubes in nombre .xx. of cleane barly somwhat broken A decoction of branne ana m̄ i. of the rootes of langdebefe ℥ ii Seethe these thynges togyther wyth suffyciente quantitie of the brothe of an henne wythout salte vnto the consumptiō of two partes of the thre and let the patient vse often thereof holdynge it hote in hys mouth Also ye maye dyp cotton in the decoction and laye it vpon the aposteme for it ripeth gretly and appayseth the payne whan the aposteme is come to maturation ye shall open the place with a lancette Afterwarde for mundifycation and incarnation it shal suffice to laye often vpon the Aposteme honye of roses Yf the place can not be mundifyed therebye ye maye applye vnguentum Egiptiacum whiche is of suche effect that it mundifyeth the place from corrupt fleshe and conserueth the good And afterwarde ye maye well applye honye of Roses with litiū and with a litle sarcocolle Thus we ende this cha c. ¶ The .xv. Chaptre Of the fallyng of Vuula and of the corruption and inflāmation of the same VVula as the Anatomystes say is a spongyous membre Of the fallyng of Vuula whiche nature hath produced for .ii. causes Fyrste that it myght gyue modulation or tunynge to the voice Secondly that it might receyue the superfluities of the heed The Vuula is oftentymes loosed depressed by flegmatike matter And oftentymes it is inflamed corupted and loosed by hote matter For the curation of the losynge of Vuula by flegmatyke matter a conuenient purgatiō presupposed Cure of flegmatike cause of pilles of Iera wyth agaryke there is nothynge more conueniēt than to draw backe the vuula with a poudre made of one parte of pepper and two partes of myrobalanes citrins applyinge it twyse a daye Furthermore it is conuenient before dynner and supper to washe the feete and the armes in a decoction of thynges confortatyue with wyne water equallye mengled Also it is good to apply ventoses vpon the shulders with scarification Item towe somewhat kyndled and suffumigated with frankencense maye well be layed actuallye hote vpon the heed Immediatly after purgation or cuttyng of the veyne called cephalica yf the strength of the patient wyl suffre it the place muste be epithemed and gargarised with this gargarisme folowynge ℞ of cleane barleye m̄ i. of lentyles m̄ ss of mirtiles of the graynes and leaues of the same A gargarisme of wylde olyues of eche a lytle Let them boile all togyther with suffycient quantitie of water vnto the consumption of two partes of the thre than strayne them and adde to the straynynge of whyte vynegre ℥ iiii of syrupe of roses ℥ ii ss Let them seeth agayne a litle This gargarisme taketh away the euyl hote complexion of vuula comforteth it and is somewhat resolutyue bycause of the barly To this intention wyne of the two kyndes of pomgranades with rose water plātayne water and syrrupe of roses mēgled togyther is very good Afterwarde yf ye perceyue that it can not be restored into his place by the foresayde remedyes but that it commeth to the waye of corruption it is very conuenient to rubbe it of with vnguentum Egiptiacū after the descryption of Auicenne vsyng alway the forsayde gargarysme And yf ye perceyue that by the application of vnguentum Egiptiacum and of the remedyes aboue wrytten the corruption wyll not be taken awaye you must cutte it vnto the roote and laye an hote yron vpō the corrupted place or cauterize it with some potentiall cauterie For this is the curation of auncient and later doctours chefelye of Albucasis Note that whā the matter is hote Purgation for a purgation it is good to vse pilles of assagereth or an electuarye of the iuce of roses with diacatholicon and tamarindes in conuenient quantitie Also Cassia with the forerehersed solutyues is expedient and lykewyse this descryption folowyng ℞ of cassia of diacatholicon ana ℥ ss of an electuarie of the iuce of roses ʒ ii and. ss with water of endyue and sorel make a small potion addynge of syrupe of vyolettes ℥ i. It is very necessary at the begynnynge to kepe a good diete Diete Let the diete be suche as is declared in the Chapitre of Herisipelas whan the mattier is hote whan the mattier is colde lette the patient kepe the diete wrytten in the chaptre of Vndimia we iudge this doctryne declared to be sufficient for the curation of Vuula For the which the name of God be blessed ¶ The .xvi. Chaptre Of the apostemes of the iawes and of the two almandes and of the cure of the same AMigdales bene two flesshie particles or peces situated in the .ii. Of the apostemes of the lawes and amigdales sydes of the vuula after the facyon of two almandes and
thyes sharpe fieuers no appearaunce of swellynge or rednes wythin difficultie of breathyng and swallowynge meate and sometymes the tonge is swollen and the iawes and whan the voyce canne not be well formed but it semeth that the patyent speaketh thoroughe the nose it is an euyll sygne and also whaÌ„ the face is pale and the eyesmoue hither and thyther oftentymes there chauncethe wyth the sayed sygnes a yowxynge Thyes are the sygnes that folow an Aposteme of daungerous terminatyon and thys last termination is wurst of all A Sanguyne Squinancye Furthermore thys disease is sometyme engendred of sanguine mattier somtymes of Choleryke and seldome of Flegmatyke and most seldome of Melancholyke mattyer The sygnes of a sanguyne Squinantia maye be taken out of the Chapytre of Flegmon in generall and lykewyse of other humours accordynge as it is declared in theyr propre Chapytres at the begynnynge of Apostemes after the dyuersyte of the foure humours The cure of Squinantia To coÌ„me to the cure of Squinantia there ben foure intentyons requyred thereunto The fyrste is to ordre dyete The seconde partlye to turne asyde the mattyer antecedent partlye to purge by the nether partes The thyrde to take awaye the mattyere conioyncte The fourthe to comforte the place frome whyche the mattyer is descended The fyfthe to correcte the accydentes The fyrste is accomplysshed by the adminystration of the syxe thynges not naturall Diete of whyche we haue abundantly treated in the former Chapytre of hote Apostemes in generall Wherefore for hys dryncke as good Mesue sayethe lette the patient vse at the begynnyng water of suggre and Hydromell and successyuelye he muste comme to the water of cleane lentiles or barley mengled with a iuleb of violettes or Roses by infusyon Thies take away thyrst and swage inflammation Furtheremore for hys meate he maye comme by lytle and lytle to a potage made of the floure of beanes and barley sodden in water If the patyent be stronge lette the foresayde thynges be sodden in the brothe of a leane chyckynge yf he be weake wyth the addition of oxymell and suggre Laste of all gyue the patyente reare Egges wyth the brothe of an henne Thus by lytle and lytle we muste fortifye nature and so doynge we maye restore the patient to hys fyrste estate Item at the begynnynge ye maye gyue the patyent wyne of Pomegranades wyth a lytle suggre and water of barley For it is bothe dryncke and a remedye of the Aposteme For it resoluethe familiarly and gentilly and moreouer it quenchethe the heate of the place Apostemed and kepethe the meate in the stomake froÌ„ corruptynge as Auerrois testifyeth whych vertues ben necessarye in the cure of thys dysease The seconde intention whyche is partly to purge the mattyere antecedent and partlye to turne it asyde is accomplysshed by an vâ—yuersall purgation aswell by flebotomie as euacuation of the bellie and moreouer by rubbynge the extremites of the bodye and byndynge them laiynge ventoses vpon the shulders and vpoÌ„ the necke wythout scarificatyon or wyth scarification as the case shall requyre All thyes thynges muste be done spedely for thys disease sufferethe not delaye wayting to worcke after the rules of Phisyck Whan you coÌ„me to the curatioÌ„ of this disease Phlebotomie yf the streÌ„gth and age of the patient wyll suffre it shal be conuenyent to cutte the veyne called basilica in the coÌ„trarie syde presupposed that the patiente be purged fyrst with a clyster leuitiâ—e And .xij. houres after you may cutte the veyne named Cephalica in the same syde so that no lette be Afterwarde to take awaye the mattier conioyncte after the doctryne of all doctours it is conuenient to cutte the veynes vndre the tonge For it is a synguler remedye whan the strength of the patient caÌ„ne endure it Item it is good to turne away the mattyer plungynge the legges vp to the knees and the armes to the Elbowes Decoction in thys decoctyon folowynge â„ž of Camomille Melilote Roses sticados mÌ„ ij of branne M. iij. of rosmarye sage wormewoode Ana. M. j. of squinantum a lytle Let them boyle all together wyth a sufficyent quantytie of rayne water asmuche odoryferous wyne vnto the consumptyon of the thyrde parte Thys lotion ministred as it is sayd before and as hote as the patyent maye suffre it onlye twyse a daye aydethe muche the quynce drawyng the humours from the sore place vnto the inferyour partes After thys you maye diminishe the mattyer wyth conuenyent laxatiue medicynes accordynge to the dyuersite of the euyll humours If the mattyer be sanguine after flebotomye as is sayde you muste purge the same wythout digestion PurgatioÌ„ in a Sanguiâ—â— cause in this forme that foloweth â„ž of cassia of chosen maÌ„na Ana â„¥ ss of tamarindes Ê’ j. and. ss dissolue theÌ„ all together wyth the decoctyon of cordyall floures frutes and make a small potion addynge of syrupe of violettes â„¥ j. and. ss But yf the mattyer be Choleryke PurgatioÌ„ in a Choleryke cause ye maye conuenientlye gyue the patyent thys purgation folowynge before flebotomye â„ž of chosen manna Ê’ x. of Diaprunis non solutyue Ê’ vj. make a small potion wyth the decoction of cordyall floures and frutes made of water of violettes and night shade addynge of syrupe of violettes â„¥ j. and. ss If ye perceaue that blood is mengled wyth fleame PurgatioÌ„ in a mixte cause than gyue the patient pylles called Cochie and pylles of Iera wyth agaryke or in the stede of pylles purge the patient with thys purgation â„ž of cassia of DiacatholicoÌ„ Ana â„¥ ss Diaphinicon Ê’ iij. make a small potion wyth the decoction of cordiall floures and frutes addyng of syrupe of violettes â„¥ j. and. ss In thys case suppositories clysters hauyng some acuite or sharpnes seme more coÌ„uenient thaÌ„ medicynes receyued by the mouth For in this case the patientes abhorre to receaue medicynes by the mouthe The thyrd intentioÌ„ which is to take awaye the mattier coÌ„ioyncte is accoÌ„plished by the administration of sondrie thynges vpon the sayd Aposteme accordynge to the diuersitie of the tymes of this disease At the beginnyng of thys Aposteme you muste beware that ye lay not on it thynges vehemeÌ„tly repercussyue before a purgatyon For in retaynynge the mattyer in the place and by inducyng of reumes it maye cause greate payne and consequently drawe muche mattyer to the place Wherefore before the purgatyon incontinentlye as sone as ye perceaue this Aposteme to begynne it is good to administer thys gargarisme folowynge whiche is of suche effecte that it conforteth the sore place and quencheth the heate of the mattyere wyth mitigation of the paine and resolueth somewhat the mattyer coÌ„ioyncte and kepethe the mattyer antecedent from commynge to the Apostemed place And it is in thys forme folowyng A gargarisme â„ž of the water of barley sodden vntyll the barley breake .li. ss of the wyne of swete Granades and sower Ana â„¥ j. syrupe of Roses
breath For the mitigation of payne it is moste expedient to administre a gargarisme made of hote cowes mylke of syrupe of popie and a lytle oyle of violets and a lytle saffraÌ„ Let the patieÌ„t gargaryse the sayd coÌ„position beynge actually hote Also the application of ventoses vndre the chinne is good after the opinioÌ„ of Celsus for it kepeth a man from suffocation bycause it draweth the matter to the outwarde partes To the same intention many doctours coÌ„maunde to applye a ventose vpon the necke wythout scarification We suppose the foresayd medicines to be sufficieÌ„t for the cure of thys daungerous dysease for whyche God be thanked ¶ The .xviij. chapitre of apostemes of the necke and of the throte and theyr partes THere are often apostemes engendred in the necke Apostemes of the throte necke c. or in the throte of catarrhous matter beynge colde or meÌ„gled And lykewyse of hote matter in chyldren by reason of the coÌ„munite that the necke hath wyth the head Thys aposteme coÌ„meth somtymes by rupture or breakyng by an hard crust or shelly scabbe that chaunceth in chyldreÌ„s heades or by some stripe or wouÌ„d And it groweth in shorte tyme to maturation or resolution The sygnes of thys aposteme may easely be knowen by the doctrine of the vniuersall chapiters Sygnes The curation of these apostemes obseruation of general rules and purgation of the bellye presupposed is accomplyshed by the administration of conuenient remedyes accordynge to the place At the begynnynge wheÌ„ the matter is mengled and the aposteme harde you shall rubbe the aposteme wyth oyle of camomill beynge hote and wyth oyle of lillyes and hennes grese and duckes grese layenge it vpoÌ„ vnwashen woulle well toosed taken from betwene the legges of a shepe Yf the matter be hote rubbe the place with oyle of roses and violettes beynge hote and wyth oyle of camomill and hennes grese applyenge it as it is sayde before Yf thys aposteme chaunce in chyldrens neckes thoroughe the foresayde causes it shal be conuenient onlye to anoynte the place wyth oyle of roses violettes beynge actually hote And yf the sayd aposteme come to the waye of resolution A playster resolutiue then ye shall procede wyth a gentle resolution as is thys playster folowyng â„ž of the crommes of breade steped in the decoction of mallowes camomill melilote holihocke aboute .li. i. then bruse well the breade incorporate it wyth the foresayd decoction and seeth it at the fyer wyth oyle of camomil of roses and a lytle buttyr vnto a styffe thycknes addynge in the ende the yolkes of two egges of saffraÌ„ ℈ i. whyche done take it forthwyth froÌ„ the fyer Thys playster resolueth the sayd aposteme and resysteth not the maturation of the same Yf it come to maturitye ye shall helpe the rypynge wyth such thinges as are declared in the chapitre of the cure of Flegmon In whyche we haue taught the maner of makynge incision from the heade to the feete Item for digestion mundifycation incarnation and sygillation you muste procede as it is wrytten in the chapitre of flegmoÌ„ A maturatiue Neuertheles we wyl descrybe here a maturatiue playster whych is after thys forme â„ž of the leaues of mallowes and violettes of euery one mÌ„ i. of whyte lillye â—ootes â„¥ iij. Seeth the thynges in the broth of an heÌ„ne or of fleshe not salted wyth the crommes of bread steped in the sayd decoction and afterwarde pressed and strayned So make a playster wyth freshe buttyre in suffycient quantitie and commune oyle Seeth them vntyll they be thycke addynge in the ende two yolkes of egges and settynge them agayne vpon the fyer al together and make a playster This playster is of ryght good effecte for maturation and resysteth not resolution Yf the aposteme be catarrhous and hote the cure is in maner all one touchynge maturation and resolution Yf the matter be mengled with grossenes and heate and the chirurgiens intention be to resolue then he maye vse thys resolutiue folowing Resolutiue â„ž of the rootes of holihocke sodden and strayned .li. ss of the oyle of camomill dille of euery one â„¥ ij of oyle of roses of duckes grese â„¥ i. of oyle of lillyes Ê’ x. of whyte diaquilon gummed â„¥ iij. ss of the marye of the legges of a cowe of a calfe ana Ê’ vi of cowes tallowe â„¥ iij. make a cerote at the fyer nether to harde nor to softe wyth sufficient whyte waxe Thys cecote resolueth merueylouslye all harde matter wythout drawynge of matter to the place To thys intention the playster of melilote is good lykewyse the playster of diaquilon magnum Howe beit they are not so muche wythout daunger of drawynge matter to the place But yf the aposteme come to suppuration ye shall procede wyth thys maturatiue â„ž of lillye rootes Maturatiue and Holyhocke rootes of euery one .li. ss Seethe them in water stampe them strayne them and then make a stiffe plaister at the fyer in the decoction wyth the floure of fenugreke lynsede and wheate of euery one as muche as shall suffyce addynge of buttyre of swynes grese melted of euery one â„¥ iij. and. ss the yolkes of two egges mengle them and wyth the forsayde straynynge incorporate them and make a playster When the aposteme is rype let it be opened and let it be digested thre or foure dayes afterwarde mundifye it wyth the mundifycatiue de apio or of smalage or with the mundifycatiue of syrupe of roses after our description After mundifycation vse an incarnatiue of honye of roses and sarcocoll bycause of the synnowes whyche are in the place Finally for other intentions yf it be nedefull resorte to the chapitre afore rehersed Note this that the quit ture muste not tarye longe in the aposteme bycause of the multitude of the synnowes veynes and lygamentes whych be in the place Thus we ende this chap. For which the name of God be praysed Amen ¶ Here endeth the thyrde treatyse and the fourth begynneth ¶ The fourth treatyse speaketh of the apostemes of womans brestes and it conteyneth foure chapiters of whyche the fyrste treateth of hote apostemes engendred in the dugges Hote apostemes in brestes THere is engeÌ„dred in a womans brestes an hote aposteme through sondrye causes sometymes of a primitiue cause by a stripe of the fyste or of a staffe or by to hard lasyng of theyr garmentes Sometymes of a cause antecedent that is to saye by to muche abouÌ„daunce of hote humours and by the curdynge of mylke and that for the moste parte The cure of an aposteme of the dugges caused by curdynge of the mylke obseruation of the vniuersall rules presupposed accordynge to necessitie shal be accoÌ„plyshed by the administration of mollifycatiue and resolutiue medicines hauynge for thys cause a lytle resolution that matter be not drawen to the place An aposteme of the dugges desyreth not repercussion bycause of the curdynge of mylke whyche is in the veynes Wherfore thynges euaporatiue and
holyhocke and lyneseede l. ss melt them all at the fire and lette them boyle with the sayde muscilage and than strayne them and make a softe cerote wyth suffyent whyte waxe Item we haue proued a playstre made of ryse sodden til it be thycke wyth the brothe of a shepes heed or of an henne and incorporated wyth suffycient buttyre oyle of camomylle and haue founde it good which I dyd boyle in a posâ—et addynge in the ende the yolkes of .iii. egges and of saffran ℈ i. It mollifyeth the hardenesse of the mamilles merueylouslye Lykewyse crommes of breed steped in a decoction of holyhocke and afterwarde stamped with oyle of roses camomyll and dyl and set on the fyre with a lytle of the forsayde decoction and an ounce of duckes grese and boyled togyther and hauyng added in the ende the yolkes of thre egges and of saffran ℈ ss is of good effect Thus endeth this present Cha. for which the name of God be blessed ¶ Here endeth the fourth treatyse of Apostemes and the the fyfth begynneth ¶ The fyrst Chaptre Of apostemes of the brest and of the rybbes and that chaunce vpon the paÌ„nicle called diaphragma or midriffe IN the regyon of the breest Of apost of the brest eybbes c. and ribbes there are engendred hote and colde Apostemes as in other partes of the bodye And they come sometymes of a primityue cause but for the moost parte of a cause antecedent Yf they come of a primitiue cause than the cure may be after the cure of flegmoÌ„ engeÌ„dred of a primitiue cause For mooste commenly these apostemes are of an hote nature and bene engendred of bloude or cholers wherfore I wyll recite the ordre of a mattier that chaunced at Genua whan I was in that cytie An experieÌ„ce There was a labourer whyche satte vpon a wall And he had a soÌ„ne of thre or foure yeres of age whyche came vnto him vpoÌ„ the wall whom as the father saw he rose vp to mete hym and by an euyll chaunce they fell downe bothe And the sayde labourer was sore hurte in the rybbes so that it came to a greate apostemation And whan the Aposteme beganne to enclyne towarde maturation he was vexed wyth a sharpe fieuer wherfore it was necessarye to open the Aposteme acccordynge to the length of the rybbes The incision was made very greate and depe for the Aposteme was greate and there issued oute greate quantitie of matter And one daye at the tyme of his dressynge nature voyded at ones in one instante a greate quantitie of matter by the opened place of the Aposteme by the Patientes mouthe and hys bellye we seinge thys chaunce ordeyned conuenyente potions wasshynges incarnations and mundifycations whereof we wyll speake in the chapitre of a wounde that pearceth into the breest so that by the ayde of God we restored the labourer being an olde man vnto his health agayn At whyche curation the excellent Phisition Iames Baroia a Geneuoye greatlye meruayled Yf the Aposteme be engendred of a cause antecedent we muste consydre howe we proceade to the curation of it eyther by resolution or by an other meane For yf the sayde Aposteme come by the waye of termination ad crisim as we haue often sene after longe fieuers than the wyse Chirurgyen ought to consydre whether the Aposteme be come to maturation Yf it so be he maye conuenyently make incision after the length of the rybbes as we haue sayde But yf the place be not yet come to maturation lette it be ryped wyth a playstre of colewortes made with buttyre and the brothe of flesshe vnsalted or wyth a Playstre of holyhockes and other wrytten in the Chapitre of the cure of Flegmon And bycause this aposteme sheweth no exiture nor swellynge outwardlye so that vnconnynge Chyrurgyens perceyue not the collection of the sayde aposteme ther is greate nede of an experte and learned Chyrurgyen wherfore for the verifycation of thys Aposteme whan it is growen in the sayde place and that there is gatherynge of corruptyon in it it is necessarye to knowe the sygnes that are wonte to come before maturation that is to saye Signes of maturatioÌ„ heuynes and ponderositie of the place wythout swellynge chefely whan it is percynge and for the moost parte without rednesse of the place And it hath alwaye a lytle fieuer And the patient eateth wyth greate dyfficultye and can not slepe And yf the Chirurgyen presse the place with hys fynger where the matter is gathered togyther there remayneth in the pressed place a concauitye or holownesse and moreouer ye maye feale a pulsation or beatyng Lykewyse ye maye haue knowlege by the relacyon of the Patient for thys Aposteme bryngethe greate payne To conclude whan the foresayde sygnes be obserued by a wyse Chyrurgyen and whan the Aposteme is come to maturation let depe incision be made after the length of the rybbes and after the quantitye of the mattier For whan the mattier is in greate abundaunce the openynge must be the greater At the fyrst ye shal not suffre moch fylth to yssue out that nature be not to moche feabled Therfore the quytture must be retayned in laying tow and hurdes vpon it wyth the whyte and yolke of an egge mengled togyther The next daye lettte it issue out in good quantitie And bycause thys Aposteme is penetrant or persynge we ought to procede as it shal be declared in the Chapitre of a persynge wounde Yf ye perceyue that the aposteme perceth not than must the place be digested with a dygestyue of terebentine by the space of thre or foure dayes After digestion let the place be mundifyed wyth hony of Roses and terebentyne and with a mundificatyue of smallage And ye shall consydre yf the Aposteme haue manye hollowe places that before the incarnation the sayd hollowe places muste be mundifyed wyth vnguentum apostolorum layed vpon a tente or wyth vnguentum Egiptiacum or wyth vnguentum mixtum or wyth a lotion of lye or pouldre of Minium of oure descryption whyche taketh awaye superfluous flesshe Afterwarde for the incarnation and sigillation ye shall vse the remedyes wrytten in the former Chapytres Yf the Aposteme chaunce in the fore partes of the breastes ye muste procede as it is declared afore of an Aposteme in the rybbes Thus endeth thys Chapitre For the whyche God be praysed c. ¶ The .ii. Chaptre Of an Aposteme in the backe as well hotte as colde THe Aposteme the chaunceth in the backe Aposteme in the backe bycause of the nobilitie of the place where the nuke is situated and by reason of the multitude of synnowes is daungerous as the doctours saye The curation of it is this If the Aposteme be hote the vniuersall rules presupposed ye shall annoynt the place wyth oyle of camomyll oyle of Roses and oyle of vyolettes by the space of two or thre dayes And yf ye perceyue that the Aposteme bendeth to the waye of resolution than it is conuenyent to
Hernia aquosa is apostemed with a flegmatyke and watrie aposteme whych is sent from the liuer to that place wherfore the principal remedy is to rectifye the membre that sendeth the matter to the sayd place namely the lyuer touchyng hys vertue digestiue For vndimia hidropisis The cause of vndimia hidropisis hernia aquosa hernia aquosa for the moste parte as the doctours say procede through the errour of the vertue dygestiue of the lyuer Wherfore it is necessarie to comforte the lyuer that it maye make good dygestion sequestration of the humours And to begynne Syrupe the patient muste vse thys syrupe the space of a weke ℞ of syrupe of the iuyce of endiue ℥ i. of syrupe of cicoree ℥ ss of water of endiuie ℥ ij of buglosse ℥ i. mengle them when he hath vsed thys syrupe lette hym be purged wyth thys purgation ℞ of manna ℥ i. Purgation of diacatholicon ℥ ss of reubarbe steeped in water of endiue ℈ ij make a small potion wyth the decoction of cordiall floures and frutes Also ye may gyue the patient pilles of reubarbe and assagereth After purgation ye shall vse locall medecines for it may be healed at the begynnyng Playster Fyrst apply thys playster folowynge ℞ of the floure of lentyles beanes barley of euery one .li. ss Let them boyle all wyth barbers lye and sufficient sodden wyne called sapa tylit be thycke Item to the same intētion this playster folowynge is conuenient An other beynge of greater efficacite then the other ℞ of roses balausties or floures of granades nuttes of cypresse of euery one m̄ i. of the floure of beanes and orobus ℥ iiij of gotes dunge ℥ iij. make a styffe playster at the fyer wyth sodden newe wyne and lye Also to thys intention it is profitable to vse a sponge dypped in a decoction of roses of floures of pomegranades of nuttes of Cypresse of roche alume of calamus aromaticus boyled wyth lye and stiptyke wyne whyche you muste bynde conuenientlye vpon the stone Yf the hernia be full of water and olde Incision then there is nothynge more expediente then to drawe oute that water twyse a yeare namelye in the sprynge tyme and in harueste by cuttynge a veyne wyth a lancette in the syde where the aposteme is or towarde the myddest of the purse or a lytell hygher Signes of hernia aquosa The sygnes where by ye may know that the hernia is full of water bene these The place swelleth by lytle and lytle and is heuie when ye beholde it wyth a candell ye shall perceyue it to shyne as a blowen bladder full of water Lykewyse when ye presse the place ye shall fele a certayne rysynge swellynge and redoundynge betwene youre fynger and it Thus by the grace of God c. ¶ The .vj. chapitre of Hernia carnosa or fleshie HErnia carnosa is alwayes engendred by an aposteme in the purse of the stones Hernia carnosa by waye of termination or by an humorall aposteme of the same stones And it commeth bycause the matter taryeth longe in the purse and the subtyll parte is resolued and the grosse remayneth and becommeth clammyshe cleaueth to the stone and corrupteth it And nature resystynge it bryngeth it at lengthe to a carnositie or fleshynes and to an harde dysposition called of the doctours hernia carnosa The causes of thys hernia ben declared in the chapitre of an hote aposteme in the purse and in the stones The signes of thys hernia maye be knowen Signes by the longe tyme of the disease For by way of incision a true hernia carnosa is very seldone and scarcelye healed Also ye maye knowe the sayde hernia by touchinge For ye shal fele an harde thynge vpon the stone hauynge some softnesse wythin and mouynge of the stone Also ye maye knowe it by the heuynesse and aggrauatyue payne of the place And whan ye laye anye thyng vpon it it profiteth nothynge Some call it herniam neruosam or synnowye some verrucosam or warty bicause ther cleaueth a piece of harde flesh to the stone like a wart It is called synnowye bycause it cleaueth to the stone and to the lytle conduyctes called didymes The cure of hernia confirmed the cure chieflye whan it is wyth vlceration of the purse vnto the stone is impossible by the waye of resolution as al doctours teache After the obseruation of the vniuersall rules touchynge diete and purgation declared in the chapiter of an harde Aposteme in the fyrste treatyse ye shall make incision after the doctrine of the excellente physition wyllyā of Plaisance or after the doctrine of Albucrases in the chapiter of hernia carnosa Incision The custome of these doctours is to make incision of the purse called osseum vnto the stone wyth a rasoure or some other sharpe instrument After that ye haue opened it you must loke whether the stone be corupted or not If it be not corrupted ye shall diuide all the carnosite wyth a conuenient and sharpe instrument and then reduce the stone into hys propre place Then ye muste sewe vp the place of incision and cure it as woundes ben cured chyefly wyth thynges incarnatiue and desiccatiue Yf ye perceaue that the stone is corrupted thē ye muste bynde the cōduyct called dydimus and cut it in the nether parte of the place that is boūde take awaye the stone wyth the carnosite then cauterize the dydime The reste of the curation shall be accomplyshed accordynge as it shall be sayd in the cure of relaxation or burstynge caused by incisyon in the nexte chapitre Note that thys kynde of hernia is not cured by the waye of resolution nor by the waye of incisyon without greate diffycultie and daunger of death Wherfore a wyse chirurgien muste admonishe the patiētes frendes of the daunger vi kyndes of hernia There bene syxe kyndes of hernia namelye Humoralis Aquosa Carnosa Verrucosa zirbalis and intestinalis And thoughe hernia zirbalis and intestinalis be not in the nombre of apostemes neuerthelesse that ye maye easelye fynde the chapiters of all the kyndes of hernia we wyll wryte a chapitre of the cure of hernia zirbalis and intestinalis whyche is communelye called Crepatura or els burstynge ¶ The seuenth chapitre of rupture or burstynge Of rupture THere are three kyndes of ruptures or burstyng after the opinion of doctours The fyrst is called relaxation loosynge or mollification This relaxation commeth when the pannicle called Siphac is mollifyed wyth certayne relaxation or losyng by some wyndenes or some other cause that induceth rupture or breakynge And thys kynde is called a lytle rupture bycause it shewethe a lytle swellynge aboute the flankes Yf thys relexation be encreased so that it becommeth so grosse that it cause the payne and a swellynge aboute the flanckes lyke an Egge it is called a rupture not complete Yf the swellynge waxe bygger and the guttes fall into the
purse of the stones then it is called a rupture complete The causes that engendre a rupture bene sometymes primitiue The causes of rupture and somteymes antecedente Primitiue bene these a fall from an hyghe place a strype wyth the fyste wyth a staffe wyth a dagger wyth the fote The causes antecedente bene for the mooste parte humours flegmatyke grosse and wyndye sente to the nether partes from the membres nutritiue And thys cause procedethe moste of euell dyete and meates that engendre grosse humours and greate cowghynge Also of coldnes of the feete and greate cryenges as syngers preachers trompetters and other mynstrelles vse All these forsayde thynges cause rupture or burstynge Lykewyse to leape or lyfte heuye burthens causethe rupture and many other thynges whych may chaunce when a man forceth hymselfe to muche Nowe seynge that we haue serched out the kyndes of rupture and the causes of the same it is tyme to come to the cure by the waye of exiccation or dryenge and conglutination or gluynge together The cure The curation of a rupture not complete and complete vnto the age of .xxx. yeares and aboue is accomplyshed by regyment vniuersal and partyculer Vniuersall regiment shall be accomplyshed by good ordynaunce kepte in eatynge Dyete and drynkynge Wherfore the patient muste vse to eate fleshe of good nouryshmēt rather rosted then boyled wyth coriandre and fenell stronge and swete Lette the fleshe be of mutton of a yeare olde of veale of a kydde of chyckens of hennes of capons of faysannes of pertriches of byrdes that lyue in myddowes and hylles Also ye maye gyue the patient egges how so euer they bene dressed chiefelye wyth cynnamon and maioram or wyth a lytle perseley or a fewe myntes lykewyse a suppynge or shewe of borage wyth the leaues of conferye wyth perseleye and a lytle myntes wyth egges or wythoute egges and the brothe of the good fleshe aforenamed is verye conueniente in thys case Also ryse wheate and grated breade bene profytable when they are sodden aparte wyth the sayde brothe The wyne muste be of good odoure of meane strengthe and moderatelye delayed wyth good water also of meane coloure neyther to redde nor to whyte but clarette or yelowe Item thys curation is accomplysshed by the regiment of an vniuersal purgation whych may euacuate euell matter and conforte the membre from whyche the matter is deryued Fyrste lette the patiente take thys syrupe Syrupe the space of a weke ℞ of syrupe de duabus radicibus wythoute vynegre of a syrupe of cicoree or in the stede of it of the iuyce of endiue of euery one ʒ vi of the water of endiuie fumiterre mayden heere of euery one ℥ i. Let the patient take it warme in the breake of the daye When he hathe vsed thys syrupe lette hym take thys purgation ℞ of diacatholicon ʒ vi Purgation of diafinicon ʒ iij. and. ss of reubarbe infused or steeped ℈ i. mengle them and make a small potion with the commune decoction The particuler regiment is accomplyshed by the administration of sondrye conuenient remedyes vppon the place Fyrst yf the rupture be complete when ye haue shauen of the heere 's about the priuie mēbre ye shall reduce the guttes and the zirbus wyth your hāde into hys place and thē ye shall bynde a fyne sponge vpon the rupture accordyng to the quantitie therof or more dypped in the decoction folowynge let the sponge be bounde vpon a trusse made by a good artificer ℞ of stiptike redde wyne .li. iiij of roses of balaustyes or floures of pomegranades of the leaues of myrtilles and graynes therof of sumach of the leaues of plantayne of hypericon or saynt Iohns wurte of woodbynde of euery one m̄ i. of the rootes of the greater consolida called conferie and the lesse theyr leaues of euery one m̄ ss of the rootes of holihocke ℥ ij of the nuttes of cypresse in nombre .xij. of hipoquistidos ℥ ss of roche alume ℥ ij of vynegre of roses ℥ ij and. ss of licium ℥ iij. of myrre of frankencense of euerye one ʒ v. of fyshe glue ℥ i. Let these foresayd thynges be boyled together wyth the sayd wyne vntyll halfe the wyne be consumed then strayne the decoction Decoction and wyth the sponge applye it vppon the rupture and vse a trusse chaungynge it twyse a weke It is requisite that the patiente kepe hys bedde and vse none exercyse of the body When you haue vsed this spoūge the space of fyftē dayes other fyften dayes ye shall vse thys poudre folowynge ones a daye shal make a fumigation of the forsayd decoction and when ye haue sprynckeled the poudre vpon the rupture bynde on the sponge after the maner aforesayde Poudre The ordynaunce of the pouldre is thys ℞ of frankencense mastyke myrre of euery one ʒ ij of aloes of sanguinis draconis sarcocolle mumie of euerye one ʒ i. and. ss of bole armenie of terra sygillata of euery one ʒ ij and. ss of whyte dragagantum brayed of fyshe glue ana ʒ i. ss of balausties or the floures of pome granades of the nuttes of cypresse of a myrobalane citrine of hipoquistidos of euery one ℈ iiij of laudanū wel brayed ʒ iij. and. ss brynge them al to a fyne pouldre This pouldre is of good operatiō in thys case it draweth together the loosed parte it dryeth riueleth or wrynkeleth and incarneth not a lytle After that these dayes bene passed and that ye haue vsed the sayde thynges ye shall procede wyth thys cerote folowynge whyche ye muste sprede vppon a lether and tye it to wyth a trusse chaungynge it frō weke to weke Thus you muste procede vnto fourtye dayes countynge the dayes passed Cerote The forme of the cerote is thys ℞ of the foresayde pouldre ℥ iij. of the iuyce of the roote of cōsolida the greater or conserye and the lesse ʒ x. of cleare terebentyne ℥ ij and ss of oyle of mastyke and oyle omphacine of euerye one ʒ iij. of oyle of terebentyne oyle of myrtilles of euery one ℥ ss of lytarge of golde and syluer of euery one ʒ vi of gotes talowe ʒ v. Let the foresayde oyles be boyled with the lytarge and a lytle stronge vynegre of roses vntyll the vynegre be consumed And then let them boyle agayne with the iuyce of conferie and afterwarde adde the terebentyne and boyle them agayne a lytle wyth a softer fyer and styrre them euer aboute and wyth the foresayde pouldre and whyte waxe make a cerote in a styffe forme whyche we haue proued to oure worshyppe and profyte and haue healed many therwyth Nowe that we haue sene the cure of a rupture by the waye of conglutination and exiccation it is conuenient that we describe the cure that is by handye operation that is to saye by incision whyche muste be done by a man well exercised therin Fyrste a conuenient purgation by clisters presupposed let the patient lye vpon a benche
the milt An other Here foloweth an other cerote good for the same purpose ℞ of the rootes of holyhocke ℥ iiii of the rootes of whyte lyllyes ℥ ii of the rotes of langedebefe ℥ i. and. ss Seethe thē all in fatte brothe of capons hēnes or other flesh than stampe them and strayne them and adde to the straynynge of oyle of camomyll of dyl an̄ ℥ ii ss of oyle of cappares ʒ vi of hēnes grese of duckes grese ana ʒ x. of calues grese ℥ ii ss of the mary of calues legges ℥ i. of buttyre ℥ iiii of the leaues of Rue m̄ ss of the floures of rosemarye of smalage leaues of euery one the thyrd parte of an handful of vynegre one cyath of the foresayd decoction li. ii Let the grese oyles marye boyle agayne vnto the consūption of the decoction and vynegre than with suffycyent whyte waxe and the foresayde straynynge and diaquilō make a cerote at the fyre in good forme addynge of saffran ℥ i. ss vse it vpon the milte after the maner of a playstre Thus endeth c. ¶ The .vii chaptre Of scrofules and fugilles which bene engendred vnder the arme holes and in the flankes Of scrophules fugils SCruphules and fugilles ben often engendred vnder the arme holes .c. For the curation whereof the remedyes wryttē in the Chaptre of scrophules are sufcyent Neuerthelesse for a more ample doctryne The cure of a fugill we wyll brefely declare the maner of curyng a fugille Fyrste ye shal make a depe hole in the myddest and put in it two graines of arsnyke For it mortifieth the carnositie with the thynne skynne that contayneth it yf it be applyed ones or twyse Also quycksyluer sublimed is of the same vertue whan the place is mortifyed ye must procure the fall of the escare and so procede as in the cure of scrophules The cause of fugylles Fugilles are engendred of grosse and flegmatike matters and they bē lytle depe swellynges of red coloure vnmouable in toutchynge and of lytle payne Sometymes they come to fylth or corruption we haue healed them often after theyr vlceration separatynge the good flesshe from them rounde aboute Incision with a sharpe instrument and putting into the incision of our poudre of mercurie euery daye a lytle vntyll we se the botome Afterwarde we were wonte to plucke vp the fugyle wyth lytle sharpe tenacles hauynge some hollownesse lyke a spone Yf any thynge remayned afterwarde we mundifyed it or rather rooted it vp with a trocisque of minium after oure description or wyth our poudre of mercurie or with a ruptorie of capitel Thus we ende this present chaptre for which the name of God be praysed ¶ Here begynneth the thyrde booke ¶ The fyrst treatyse is of woundes from the heed to the feete ¶ The fyrste Chaptre Of flesshye woundes and of the commune disputation of woundes in generall and of the cure of the same A woūde as aūcient and later doctours testify is a solutiō of continuitye fresh A wounde and blodye and wyth out putrifaction chesti made in softe partes Solution of continuitie is a passyon cōmune to mēbres symple Solution of continuitie and membres compounde neuerthelesse more proprelye to membres symple than compounde as Auerrois testifyeth The other partes of the diffinition that is to saye fresh or newe blody and without putrefactiō ar put for a dyfferēce of vlcers with putrefactiō And we added in softe partes for a dyfferēce of breakynges or brusinges in harde membres wherfore Iohannitius sayth in the diffinition of chyrurgerie that chirurgerie is double one worketh in soft partes the other in harde The kyndes of solutiō of continuitie take theyr dyfferēces of thre thinges The fyrste taketh his dyfference of the nature of the membre in which it is as Galene testifyeth sayinge Some woundes are in sēblable partes some in instrumentall Of those that are in semblable partes some are in soft partes some in harde som in meane where as he sayde in softe partes he vnderstode in the flesshe and in the fatte And by harde partes he vnderstode the bones and the ioyntes and grystles by the meane partes he vnderstode the sinnowes ligamentes arteries and veynes And of woundes that chaunce in instrumentall membres some are in the principal membres as in the hert the liuer the brayne some in mēbres seruyng to the same as trachea arteria meri the blader Some in instrumentall membres not seruynge to the principall membres as in the eares the nose the eyes Causes of 〈◊〉 solution of continuitie The causes of euery solution of cōtinuitie as Haliabas witnesseth are thynges sensible or insensible Thinges insensible are these staues swerdes stones c. Thynges sensible are the bytynges of serpentes or other venimous beastes or of men c. Seing that we haue suffycyentlye spoken of the kyndes and causes of solution of cōtinuitie in mēbres simple cōpounde it is conuenient that we declare the deuysion of the sayde solution of continuitie Solution of continuitie is double namely simple and compound The symple is that that is without losse of the substaunce of the parte where it is For the cure whereof one onely intention is requyred that is to saye vnition or conioynyng of the partes seperated or sondred Compounde is that that is with the losse of the substaunce of the parte where it is To whose cure there are necessarily two thynges requyred One is generatiō of the lost substaunce The other is to ioyne the partes that bene sondred whan the lost substaunce is restored by conuenient medicines Lykewyse we saye generally that euerye wounde is compounde Woundes compounde that hath any thyng ioyned vnto it without remotion whereof the wounde can not be healed as woundes caused by brusynge whiche are apostemous and be with solution of continuitie and therfore for theyr curatiō you must not procede by the waye of the fyrst intention at the begynning bycause of the bruse For Galene sayeth that euery brused wounde must be putrifyed A digestyue 〈…〉 woundes and turned into quytture or mattier For the curation of these woundes at the begynnynge ye shall vse a dygestiue For that swageth payne and seperateth the matter altered through contusion or brusynge from the hole partes After the same maner a wounde that is altered by the ayre must be handled Furthermore there are woundes cōpounde that ben payneful apostemous altered through the ayre all other in which any thīg not naturall is conneyted as a pece of yron a pece of wode or a stone which can not be in the wounde without hurt thereof And of these flesshye woundes some are superficiall some depe The superficial are easely healed for they requyre onely conuenyent byndinge The depe are eyther accordynge to the length of the place or accordynge to the bredth They that are made accordynge to the length are more easelye cured thā the other bē caused by cuttyng thynges as
The seconde chapytre of the fluxe of bloode and of the cure thereof IT is euydent after the doctrine of auncient writers Of the fluxe of bloode that blood floweth out of the veynes thorough two causes The fyrste issuynge commethe by cause primytiue the seconde by cause antecedent The fluxe of blood called Hemoragia proceding thoroughe a cause antecedent Hemoragia maye chaūce thre maner of wayes First by resudatiō or swetynge out of veynes Secondly by openyng of the mouthes of the same Thyrdly by corruption of the veynes caused by some sharpe venimous and bytyng matter But bycause we wyll treate only in this present chapy of the fluxe of bloode that chauncethe in woundes and vlceres we wyll declare the cure thereof as briefely as we canne Fyrst ye shall note that the fluxe of bloode which chaunceth in awounde is great lytle or meane Whan it is lytle or meane it is sone restrayned And it is a sygne that the veynes ben not verie greate If bloode flowe out of the wounde abundauntlye and yf ye perceaue that the wounde is in a place of greate veynes or Arteries than incontinentlye wyth all diligēce ye shall remedye it For as the Philosophers saye bloode is the treasure of lyfe A sygne that the bloode issueth out of an Arterie is thys Signe of arterial bloode the colour is purple and it commethe out by leapes The bloode that commethe out of the veynes is grosser and redder than the bloode of the Arteries and therefore leapeth not Furthere it is to be noted that yf the fluxe of bloode be wyth putrefaction of the wounde and continuethe manye dayes than there is daunger of deathe as we haue seen in lytle fluxes of bloode in the handes fete or armes And Auicenne sayth that yoxyng the crāpe and perturbation of rayson foloweth thys fluxe of bloode As touchynge the bloode fluxe of the inner membres as of the lyuer the lunges the reynes and the blader we wyll not treate of them in thys present chapytre but hereafter particulerly The curation of the fluxe of bloode hathe a double intentyon namelye a particuler and vniuersall The intention vniuersall is accomplisshed by purgation of the bodye and regiment of lyfe whyche maye engrosse blood And more ouer by rubbynges The cure of Hemoragia and dyuersions in the contrarye syde The patyente in thys case shall eate Lentiles Rise Quynces Layctuce Purcelayne breyfely all stiptyke frutes as aygre Pomegranades ce For hys dryncke he shall vse colde water wyth a iuleb of Vyolettes and Roses whyche in thys case is verye good For it engrosseth bloode and altereth humours and quencheth thirst Also water of symple barley is not to be discommended The bodye is dewly emptied in thys case by flebotomie in the contrarye syde hauynge a lytle orifyce or mouthe and made by a diametre as from the ryghthande to the lyfte Phlebotomie But yf the wounde be in the lyfte syde of the head ye shall cutte a veyne of the fote in the same syde And yf it be in the ryght syde ye shall cutte a veyne in the ryght fote after the sentence of Galene and Hypocrates Item thys digestiue is souerayne to alterre Digestiue and engrosse bloode ℞ of syrupe of vyolettes ℥ j. of syrupe of roses ℥ ss of the water of violettes sorell and purcelane Ana ℥ j. mengle them Moreouer cōserua of roses and vyolettes maye be conueniently permytted Dyuersyōs by rubbynges vētosations wythout scarification some tyme wyth scarification muste be practysed in the contrarye syde And incontinently plonge those contrarye partes in hote water and weete the sore membre wyth water and vynegre Lykewyse it is good to laye a ventose vpon the lyuer wythout scarifycation It is profytable also to laye vpō the stones the whyte of an egge Rose water and vynegre wyth a cloute so that it be actually colde The particuler intention of hemoragia of woūdes and vlcers is accōplyshed by the administration of sondrye locale medicynes accordynge to the sondrye intentiōs required in thys case Cōsideratiōs in hemoragia Fyrste you muste consydre whether the wounde out of whyche the bloode runneth be wyth putrefactiō or wtout putrefactiō And yf the woūde be depe wythout putrefaction losse of substaunce than it is expedient to sewe the woūd depely that the sydes maye be ioyned together prouided euer that no congeled blood remayne wythin the wounde Aterwarde immediatly ye shall laye thys poudre vpon it wyth the whyte of an egge ℞ of the floure of beanes and lentyles and of mylle dust Ana ʒ iij. of Sanguinis draconis of frankencense Ana ʒ ij and. Pouder ss of Myrrhe of Aloes Ana ʒ ij of terra sigillata of bole armenie of gypsum Ana ʒ j. ss of hares heare cutte in as small pieces as maye be ʒ vj. of a cobwebbe cutte in pieces ʒ iiij of spong of the see somewhat dryed at the fyer or burnt and brayed ʒ iij. and ss of coralles of all the saunders ana ʒ j. and. ss of the iuyce of the herbe called lingua passerina or knot grasse of the iuyce of conferie Ana ʒ v. of dragagantum braied ʒ iij. the whytes of two newe layed Egges Note that to the sayde whytes of Egges it is sufficient to putte of the fore rehersed poudre ℥ j. of burnt cotton ʒ x. The maner of appliyng thys poudre is thys You muste mengle the sayde poudre wyth the whyte of an Egge and putte thereof wythin and wythout the wounde After thys ye shall fylle the wounde wyth lyntes and stowpes or towe dypped in water and vinegre than lette the woūde be bounde wyth a conuenient maner of byndynge and boulsters whyche thynge is requisite in this case Furtheremore it is a synguler remedie to laye the sayde poudre so prepared vpon the mouthe of the veyne wyth the toppe of the fynger holdyng it a good space vpon the veyne and pressynge it downe by lytle and lytle so that the patiēt be not payned there wyth and incontenently afterwarde lette it be bounde as we haue shewed before For thys thynge is profytable for two purposes Fyrste it kepethe the bloode frome runnynge Secondelye it causethe the bloode that flowethe out of the veyne to congele vpon the mouthe of the same by reason whereof it stoppethe the waye of bloode cheyfely whan the veynes ben smalle Furtheremore sometymes it is necessarye to cutte the veynes and the Arteries that their orifices or mouthes maye be in the depthe of the membre and couered wyth fleshe and by thys meane it is restrayned wythout the mother of bloode The maner of byndyng a veyne Sometymes also it is necessarye to tye the veyne and cheyfely the arterye For whan it is tyed the place is sone incarned The maner to tye it is as it foloweth You muste putte a nedle vndre the veyne wyth a cered threede and drawe it together softly or els ye shall bynde the veyne aboue and tye
table so that there commeth out of the inner table certayne lytle pieces whyche do prycke the ryme called dura mater Accidentes Whiche prickyng hath euyl accidentes folowynge as apoplexia vertigo and greate astonisshement of the membres and sometyme losse of speache wyth manye other euyll accidentes whyche fewe escape excepte they ben succoured with handie worke and the bone taken awaye that hurtethe the sayd pannicle Lykewyse the bone of the heade is broken by cuttynge thynges as swerdes ce and by poynted thynges as by a darte c. Here you shal note that sometymes it chauncethe that the sculle is broken by a bruse and not the skynne and that in rype age Certes in chyldren of two or three yeres of age we haue seen the bone bowed wyth the skynne as a vessell of thynne brasse is easely thruste in with a mans fynger howbeit in the cyrcuite of the bruse in the ouerparte we haue seen some cracke whereof we wyll make a peculier chapytre Furtheremore we haue seen the inner table of the sculle to be opened by the waye of contusyon or brusyng as by a gonne and yet the fyrste table was hole ☜ And thus we maye conclude that the inner table of the sculle maye be broken and opened without breakynge of the outwarde The breakinge of the sculle is knowen by vomitynge Sygnes of breakynge of the sculle whyche happenethe incontinentlye after the stroke and the patient thynketh that he seeth manye candelles and is deesie in the heade and often fallethe doune Whan thies accidentes happeÌ„ at the begynnynge of a wounde in the head they proue playnely that the sculle is broken The later doctours assygne manye accidentes in the breakynge of the sculle cheyfely Guido and Arzelata whyche deceyue the Chirurgiens oftentymes The sayde doctours allege ix tokens namely that the patyente canne not see lyght that he canne not breake the knotte of a strawe betwene hys teethe also that he canne not abyde the pluckyng of a knottie chorde frome betwene hys teethe and other thynges whyche we for cause of breuiete passeouer The former accidentes assygned by auncient doctours chaunce all or moste parte of them in a notable breakynge of the sculle the fyrst daye whereof great quantitie of bloode felle vpon the ryme called dura mater And yf the sayde breakynge of the sculle be wyth the hurte of the pannicles of the braine and of the substauÌ„ce of the same the foresayd accideÌ„tes namely apoplexia scotoma vertigo and astonyshment of membres wyth a continuall fyeuer and colde chaunce infallybly yea and bloode also yssueth out of the nose eares And wheÌ„ the stroke is great it semeth that the substauÌ„ce of the brayne coÌ„meth out of the wounde Note also that as Cornelius Celsus sayeth the foresayd accidentes happen somtyme in wouÌ„des of the head though the sculle be not broken For wheÌ„ some veyne is cut by some coÌ„myssure there entreth a certayn quaÌ„titie of bloode vp on dura mater coÌ„geleth corrupteth so that it bryngeth the sayde accidentes with great payne causeth the patieÌ„t to dye But this later case happeneth not often We haue sene the sayd accideÌ„tes to happen in the fyrst dayes somtymes a good whyle after the breakinge of the sculle that when the bloode that is fallen vpon dura mater coÌ„meth to putrifaction which thyng is true wheÌ„ the bloode is in lytle quantitie when the breach was but lytle Neuertheles as we sayd before when the breache is great the forsayd sygnes ether all or parte happeÌ„ the fyrst dayes at the lest wythin seuen dayes in the sommer or ten in the wynter A litle breach But yf the breache be lytle namely after the bygnes of an heere but very lytle bloode descendeth vpon dura mater we saye that the sayd accidentes sygnes wrytten by Guydo and Petre de Arzilata happen not It foloweth then that the sculle may be broken and yet the sayd accideÌ„tes chauÌ„ce not at the begynning but a good whyle after the stroke they wyl appeare And we haue sene that these accidentes haue chaunced slowly by lytle and lytle so that vnexperte chirurgiens haue thought that those accideÌ„tes proceded of some other cause then of the wounde Howe to know the brekyng of the sculle wherfore that ye may haue knowlege of euery breach howe lytle so euer it be as Auicenne Cornelius Celsus saye you must consyder the stryker and the thynge wherwyth he stroke And also whether the stroke came from afarre or nyghe or froÌ„ aboue or whether it was done by anger by a cuttyng thynge brusynge or poynted or whether he that stroke were not holden of them that stode by whether the man that was stricken was bare headed or couered by such discrete inquisition ye maye haue knowlege of the breache wherfore yf a man be greuously stryckeÌ„ and some of the sayd sygnes folowe though the chyncke or ryft be not founde in that place where the skynne is rased awaye ye shall coÌ„sydre whether ther be any swellyng or softnes in some other place and open it yf perchauÌ„ce the cut bone may be founde For yf the broken bone be not eased it causeth greuous apostematioÌ„s whiche afterwarde can not be cured wyth out greater payne of the patient then he shulde haue had at the fyrst And the sayd doctour affyrmeth that some tymes the wounde is in one syde and the breach in an other wherfore in euery stroke in whyche breakynge of the sculle is feared it is a moost sure waye to open the place largely For the skynne is sone healed agayne The same doctour sayth moreouer that for the serchynge out of a priuie chyncke or ryft it is conuenient to laye blacke ynke vpon the skulle and then to take it awaye wyth a conuenient instrument For the ynke entreth into the clefte or chyncke and there remayneth blacke Dinus also sayeth that when ye haue layed yncke vpon the bone ye muste not cease to remoue it vntyll no appearaunce remayne of the same Seynge that we haue declared the signes and the accidentes of a broken sculle it resteth that we declare the cure therof by haÌ„dy operation as briefly as we can The cure of a broken sculle maye be Cure accomplished two maner of wayes namely by the waye of incision or eleuation of the bone by the waye of exiccation and incarnation Fyrst to come to handye operation we saye that wheÌ„ a chirurgien is called for the cure of a broken sculle there is no surer operation theÌ„ to enlarge the wounde with a sharpe raser Make incisioÌ„ crossewyse or thre corner wyse vntyll ye maye se the brokeÌ„ bone playnly And in the tyme of incision ye shall seperate wyth your nayles the pannicle called pericraneuÌ„ that the sayd pannicle be not hurte by touchynge and rubbynge of the instrumentes of yron For the rubbynge of the sayd paÌ„nicle as Corneliê° Celsus wytnesseth causeth greate paynes inflammations and fieuers After thys incision the
dayes you muste set the forsayd thynges vpoÌ„ the fyer agayne boyle them vntyll the wyne be coÌ„sumed theÌ„ strayne them through a thycke clouth with stronge pressynge set them on the fyer agayne addynge a sufficient quantitie of whyte waxe make a cerote in a good forme And when you wyl vse it you shall malaxe or softeÌ„ it wyth gotes mylke or cowes mylke wyth the iuyce of the forsayde herbes last of al wyth aqua vite After that you haue vsed these thynges the space of fouretene dayes it is profytable to applye stouppes dypped in thys decoctioÌ„ folowyng â„ž of redde wyne Decoction li. iij. of roses of myrtilles of wurmwoode ana mÌ„ i. of the floures of pomegranades called balaustie mÌ„ ss of squinaÌ„tuÌ„ a lytle of the nuttes of cypres in noÌ„bre .xij. of rosemarie of saynt Iohns wurte of madder of fyne graine ana mÌ„ ss of hony â„¥ ij let thynges that are to be brayed be braied grossely theÌ„ boyle them vnto the coÌ„suÌ„ptioÌ„ of the thyrde parte and strayne them Thys decoction muste be applyed actually hote after the maner aforesayd Note thys that a piece of syndall muste be put betwene the sculle dura mater as it is sayd before after the daye that the bone is remoued vntil the bloode or quytture whych was vndre the bone be clearely muÌ„difyed and vntyl the said paÌ„nicle be incarned with the sculle The application of a syndall betwene the sculle The cause of applicatioÌ„ of the syndall dura mater is profytable for two thynges Fyrste for purgation of bloode and quytture whych was vnder the bone and that easely depressyng dura mater from the bone wythout any hurte of the same Secondly it kepeth the ryme dura mater that it be not hurt through the roughnes of the bone when the sayd ryme moueth maketh pulsation or beatynge After that the fouretene dayes bene passed Incarnatiue ye shall fyll the wouÌ„de with thys incarnatiue for sufficient incarnation of the ryme dura mater with the sculle â„ž of clere terebentyne â„¥ ij of hony of roses â„¥ i. of odoriferous wyne â„¥ iij. of saynt Iohns wurt of betonie of pimpernel of centauree the greater ana mÌ„ ss stampe the foresayd herbes meÌ„gle them al together boyle them vnto the wyne be consumed then strayne them through a thycke cloth and adde to the straynyng agayne of cleare terebentin â„¥ ss of hony of roses Ê’ iij. of myrrhe Ê’ ij of sarcocolle of aloes hepatike ana Ê’ i. of saffran ℈ i. of sersed barley floure Ê’ ij ss Yf it chauÌ„ce that in the wounde superfluous fleshe be engendred as we haue sene in many then ye shal laye vppon it vngueÌ„tuÌ„ mixtuÌ„ or roche alume burnt or our poudre of mercurie And yf any vnctuous fleshe be engeÌ„dred vpon dura mater the applicatioÌ„ of the poudre of hermodactyles is a sure remedy amoÌ„ge al other And a spoÌ„ge somwhat burnt hath the same effecte After incarnatioÌ„ let the place be sealed vp with vngueÌ„tuÌ„ de minio A poudre sicarâ—izatine whych is wrytten in the ende of thys present chapitre puttynge thys poudre folowynge into the wouÌ„de â„ž of bole armenie â„¥ ss of roche alume burnte Ê’ ij of the floures of pomegranades called balaustie of mirtilles of myrobalanes citrine ana Ê’ i. ss Lykewyse to thys inteÌ„tion it is conuenient to washe the wounde with redde wyne in whyche roses mirtilles floures of pomegranades a lytle alume haue ben boiled we haue euer vsed these forsayd remedyes with our owne honour profyte of the patientes Auncient doctours haue declared the forme of sondry instrumentes of yron as trepanes haÌ„mers molinels c. whych are perillous But it is our custome to describe those meanes of healynge patieÌ„tes that ben lest daungerous AuiceÌ„ne also sayeth that many haue reproued the vse of trepanes and other instrumentes of yron Seynge nowe that we haue declared the cure of a broken sculle aswell by handye operation as by locall medicines we wyll speake hereafter of thynges concernynge dyete and conuenient purgation to defende apostemation and sondrye accidentes with other obseruations whych muste be kepte in the procedynge of handy operation The dyete of a wouÌ„de with a cracke in the sculle muste be slendre Diete The patieÌ„t shal eate grated breade sodden in water with almandes a lytle suggre And yf the patient be weake he maye eate of the brothe of a chycken altered wyth barley he may also haue a potage made with wheat floure or grated bread Further more it is good that the patient eate after meat a confection of quinces that vapours ascende not into the brayne Likewyse wheÌ„ the patieÌ„t is weake at the begynnynge he muste abstayne from drynkynge of wyne and he must drinke water of barley with suggre or with a iuleb of violets chiefly wheÌ„ he hath a fieuer yf he be very weake ye may gyue hym wyne of pomegranades After that eleueÌ„ dayes ben passed ye may gyue the patient a chycken to eate and to drynke wyne moderatly delayed And after fourtene dayes ye maye ordeyne hys dyete somewhat grosser that the incarnation of dura mater wyth the sculle may come to passe more easely TheÌ„ ye may gyue hym the extreme partes inwardes of beastes of good nouryshment as the trypes of an heyfare the heade the fete of the same Also he may eate ryse sodden in the forsayd brothe of laudable fleshe How be it he muste not eate to saturitie or fulnes for there is nothing wurse in this dysease theÌ„ the superfluitie of meates and drynkes Causes of Apostâ—mation of dura mater Wherfore Auicenne sayeth that an aposteme of dura mater coÌ„meth through fyue causes namely by multitude of wyne and meates by the ayer wherfore he sayeth beware of colde euen in the sommer by aggrauation of tentes or other thynges put in to the wounde or by the bone whyche is sharpe and roughe and hurteth the ryme called dura mater and by some pryuie cause When the cause of the aposteme is manyfest then cure the aposteme with hys contrary Yf the cause be hyd study in the remouinge of it to serche out the secrete cause as yf it came of drinkyng wyne you muste forbyd wyne to the patient Yf it came of to muche eatynge of fumous meates ye shall forbydde the same and cause hym to kepe a slender dyete Yf a pryckyng sharpe bone staÌ„de out ye shall laboure to remoue it And yf it procede by aggrauation of tentes you muste take them awaye and also the medecynes that aggreue the sayde pannicle Yf the colde ayer be the cause of the apostemation the patient muste be kepte in a warme chambre and you muste often laye vpon the heade of the patient hote cloutes To take awaye the aposteme of dura mater Playstes it is very expedient to applie thys playster â„ž of the rootes of holyhocke .li. ss of camomill melilote ana
in the hynder They that are in the hynder parte ben more daungerous then the other for many causes namely bycause of the multitude of greate veynes and arteries that passe by the lengthe of the backe and also for the multitude of the synnowes whyche descende from the nuke and moreouer bycause of the lygamentes whych haue coniunction wyth the harte and bycause also that the pannicle called Mediastinum and the mydryffe ben nyghe to that parte Sometyme a wounde in the sayde parte thoughe it be not penetraunte or persynge is deadlye But it is not mortall or deadlye in the former parte yf it perse not wythin the breste The sygnes of the penetration or persynge of suche a wounde wythout the hurte of the inner membres bene these Ayer cōmeth out of the wounde the patiente hathe greate payne to breathe and felethe griefe in the sore place wyth ponderositie or heuynes chyefelye aboute the small rybbes You maye moreouer knowe whether the wounde persethe by the applycation of coton well toosed vpon the orifyce of the wounde and by the holdynge of a lytle candell burnynge nyghe to the wounde for the flame thereof shal be moued and lykewyse the coton yf the patiente holde hys breathe stoppynge hys mouthe and nostrelles The sygnes also by whyche you shal knowe whether the harte be hurte ben these there issueth oute of the wounde blacke bloode the extreme partes bene colde and death foloweth incontinently after For Auicēne sayth that the harte can not endure solution of continuitie without the approchynge of death Sygnes of the woūdyng of lunges The sygnes that chaunce when the lunges bene hurte are these effusion of bloode full of fome continuall coughe dyfficultie of breathynge and payne of the rybbes Midriffe The sygnes that declare the midryffe to be hurte Mediastinū or the pannicle called Mediastinum bene these dyfficultie to fetche breathe continuall coughynge sharpe pryckynges in the sore place heuynes of the sayd place and perturbation of reason whych can be restored by no medicine and moreouer the patiente fyndethe hym selfe worse and worse euerye daye and wyth fieuers Also you maye knowe the putrefaction of the bloode in the inner parte Sygnes of putrifyed bloode by the stynckynge of the patientes breathe by the continual inquietnesse of the patient and by the increasynge of the fieuer and other euyll accidentes afore rehersed Galene sayeth yf bloode be shedde in to the belly besyde nature it commeth necessarely to putrefaction When it is putrefyed it is wonte to engendre greate paynes fieuers and heuynes of the place wherfore we affyrme that the sayd accidentes chaunce accordynge to the quantitie of rotten bloode in the inner parte Nowe that we haue knowlege of woundes percynge and of the hurte of the inner membres it remayneth that we come to the curation of the same whether they bene persynge or not But before we speake of the curation we wyll declare the dyscorde that is betwene the doctours of thys tyme concernynge the same There ben many that commaunde to shutte incontinently the penetraunt wounde and to procede wyth desiccatiue thynges aswell wythin as wyth out to cause incarnation sayenge that yf the sayd wounde be not shutte the ayer wol entre in vnto the harte more ouer that the vitall spirites woll issue out by the wounde whyche thynge myghte hurte the patient Agayne many ben of a contrary opinion and commaunde to kepe the wounde open And yf the wounde be not large they saye it must be enlarged that the blood maye issue out affyrmynge that yf the bloode whyche is in the inner parte yssue not out by the orifyce of the woūd it maye engendre many euyll accidentes and corrupte the inner membres Wherfore to auoyde suche accidentes they commaunde to kepe the wounde open Vigo hys iugement In my iudgement they whyche cōmaūde to kepe the woūde open maynteyne a surer opinion then the other for many reasons Fyrste bycause of the commune bruyte For yf the patient shulde dye the people wolde say that the retaynynge of bloode caused hys deathe whyche is true Lykewyse bycause the bloode beynge retayned causeth some fistula and other accidētes whych brynge the patient to death To come to the curation we saye that the curation of a wounde penitraunt is accomplyshed by foure intentions The cure The fyrst is ordinaunce of diete The seconde euacuation of matter antecedent The thyrde purgation of the blood whych is entred in to the inner parte The fourth mundifycation of quytture cause by the sayde bloode and after mundification incarnation of the place Touchynge the fyrste and the seconde intention ye shall procede as it is declared in the former chapitres excepte that yf the patiēt be very weake and hath euel accidentes as soūdyng in such case you may gyue hym wyne and other thynges that comforte nature Furthermore bycause that difficultie of breathynge happeneth to the patiente ye shall gyue hym meates sodden with rootes of perseley and fenell And for the comfortation of hys harte and stomake ye maye mengle wyth the meates of the patient a lytle cinnamome and saffran Item it is very profytable to vse often at the begynnynge A decoction that helpeth breathynge thys decoction whyche helpeth respiration or breathynge and kepeth of catarrhous matter whyche happeneth in the sore places ℞ of cleane barley m̄ i. of the rootes of langdebeefe ℥ ij of cleane liquerice somewhat stamped ʒ x. of the commune seedes ℥ i. of iuiubes and rasines ana ʒ x. of penidies ℥ ij ss of suggre cādy of syrupe de duabus radicibus ʒ x. of fyne suggre ℥ iij. Let them boyle altogether wyth suffycient rayne water vntyll the barley breake thē strayne them Let the patiēt vse here of as we haue sayd for it is merueylous good Prouided alwayes that the patiente haue conuenient digestiues and purgations accordynge to the qualitie of the humour as is afore declared Item seuen or eyght dayes after the woūde besyde the meates declared ye may gyue the patient fleshe and wyne of good odour mengled wyth sodden water of the decoctiō of cinnamome and coriandre Yf the patient haue a fieuer he must eate the fleshe of chyckens and hennes kyddes flesh and veale boyled wyth perseley and altered wyth the foresayde thynges Lykewyse you shall procede when you wyll purge the quytture of the inner parte Also you maye gyue the patient potage made of the brothe of the foresayd fleshe with perseley buglosse borage laictuce and beetes It is good for the wounde for the breath and for the taste and engendreth good bloode When you wyll mundifye the wounde and drye vp the quytture thē the sayde fleshe is better rosted thē boyled Also byrdes that lyue in woodes and meddowes maye well be suffered but not waterfoule Item there bene some whyche commende that the patient vse stiptike meates but not at the begynnynge but when the bloode and quytture are purged For yf you gyue them at
the administration of locall medicines Fyrst yf the wound be made after the length of the membre ye muste ioyne together the soÌ„dred partes with a coÌ„uenient seame procede wyth thynges moderately desiccatyue Also you must digest the wounde with a digestyue made wyth oyle of Roses yolkes of egges the space of two or thre dayes layeng about the same a digestyue magistral ordeyned in the chap. of the cure of the woundes of the adiutorye whaÌ„ the digestion is ended ye shal mundifie the wounde wyth a mundificatyue of syrupe of roses of our description And yf nede be ye may put a tent in the lower parte that the mattier may be purged the better After mundification ye must incarne it adding to the sayd muÌ„dificatiue a lytle aloes hepatike and a litle sarcocolle And for the sigillation you maye coÌ„ueniently vse VnguentuÌ„ de minio described in the cha of the fracture or breaking of the sculle Ye shal procede lykewise whan the wounde is made after the breadth of the membre whan the wounde is caused by coÌ„tusion or brusyng it is coÌ„uenient that the wound be digested a longer time bycause that euerye wounde that is made by coÌ„tusion necessarely cometh to putrefaction As Galene sayeth oeÌ„ vnlnus c. For the other intentions ye shal procede after the doctrine written in the former chapiters Thus. c. The .xiiii. chap. of the woundes of the thyghes and of the legges of theyr partes with the cure of the same woundes of the thighes legges and their partes THe wouÌ„des of the thighes and legges muste be cured as the woundes of the armes of the bones called adiutoria But the pronostications ben diuerse For the woundes of the thighes and the legges are more daungerous than the other bycause of the multitude of the great synnowes veynes muscles chordes and ligamentes whych bynde together the ioynctures And in the former parte of the knee there bene two synnowes verye sensible whyche descende from the brayne and whan they chaunce to be hurt great payne and euyll accidentes ensue as a spasme a fieuer aposteme ê‘turbatioÌ„ of reason c. whiche oftentimes bryng the patient to deth because of the comunion coniunctioÌ„ that they haue wyth the brayne wherfore AuiceÌ„ne sayth in the cha of wouÌ„des that induce a spasme ther ben vlcers in the nuke vlcers in the higher part of the knee And the lacertes of those partes beÌ„ very sinnowie therfore the wouÌ„des induce a spasme sodayne deth Lykewyse within the legge and without they ben very dauÌ„gerous bicause of the gret veines which beyng cut issewe of blood foloweth For the stauÌ„chyng wherof you muste resort to the cha of the fluxe of bloude For the blood of those partes can not be easely restrayned Moreouer they are more daungerous than thother bicause they bene lower the higher meÌ„bres sende humours to the lower that is to say to the thyghes and legges cause ofteÌ„ apostemation in the said places which thing chaunceth not in the armes And therfore it is profitable to hold the meÌ„bre eleuate lyfted vp with the rest of the body wherin the comune prouerbe of ItaliaÌ„s is verified namelye Lamano al pecto la gamba al lecto that is to say the hande on the brest the fote in the bedde Likekewyse whaÌ„ the wouÌ„de is vndre the knee that the dauÌ„ger of apostematioÌ„ is passed it is expedieÌ„t to bynd the legge from the foote to the knee For Guydo sayeth that the diseases of the legges haue nothynge propre by them selues and deferynge from other diseases of the bodye but byndyng that the antecedent mattier be not deryued to the sore place To the cure of the forsayde woundes the intention alleged in the former chaptres are requisyte Concernyng the fyrst and seconde intention ye shall so procede as it hath ben ofteÌ„ sayde in the former Chaptre The thyrde shal be accomplysshed by the application of conuenient medicines vpon the sore place wherfore obseruation of conuenyent dyete vniuersall purgatyon presupposed there is nothyng better to defende apostemation than to admynistre thiÌ„ges that swage payne For as Galen sayeth payne in woundes draweth humours to the place as a veÌ„tose wherfore we wyl declare certayne remedyes to ease payne and those onely which we haue proued Fyrste this liniment is good to be layed aboute the sore ioynctures A liniment whiche is of our description â„ž of the oyle of camomyll of the oyle of roses ana â„¥ ii of hennes grese Ê’ x. of erthwormes washed with wyne â„¥ i. ss of saffran ℈ i. of calves suete â„¥ i. Let the forsayd thynges be boyled togyther a lytle than put to of whyte waxe â„¥ i. Lette them boyle agayne a lytle strayne theÌ„ IteÌ„ we are wont to put this oile to the wounde whiche is of merueylous operation in wouÌ„des of the ioynctures â„ž oyle of terebeÌ„tin of oyle of roses oÌ„phacine anÌ„ â„¥ ii of moste clere terebeÌ„tine Ê’ x. of erthwormes â„¥ i. ss of mastike Ê’ vi of guÌ„me elimi armoniake dissolued with wyne Ê’ i. ss of saffraÌ„ ℈ i. of the floures of s iohns wort mÌ„ i. ss of ceÌ„taurie the greter mÌ„ i. of oyle of lineseed Ê’ vi let these thinges be boiled together a litle afterward strayne them through a cloth thaÌ„ set them a suÌ„nyng in a glasse the space of a moneth and putte into the vessell a fewe floures of saint IohaÌ„nes wort chaunge them euerye seuenth daye Thys oyle as it maye appeare by the simples is of great excellentie in the wouÌ„des of the synnowes ioynctures For it easeth payne it draweth gentlely dryeth moderately which intentions are requisite to the cure of the said wouÌ„des Likewyse you may apply vpon the wound plaisters that swage griefe wrytten in the former chapiters Item thys vnguent folowynge is good to be applyed in all times vpon the sayd woundes Vnguentum basilicuÌ„ magistrate which is of our description and is called vnguentuÌ„ basilicuÌ„ magistrale R. of the oyle of camomylle and roses anÌ„ â„¥ iii. of the oyle of linsede â„¥ ii ss of the oyle of swete almandes â„¥ i. of hennes grese calues suet anÌ„ â„¥ ii of cleare terebentyne â„¥ iiii of mastyke Ê’ x. of wethers suet â„¥ i. ss of erth wormes washed wyth wyne â„¥ ii ss of saffran ℈ i. of the muscilage of holihocke li. ss Let them all boyle together besyde the terebeÌ„tyne vnto the consuÌ„ption of the muscilage than strayne them adde to the straynynge of litarge of golde siluer anÌ„ â„¥ i. ss of miniuÌ„ Ê’ x. lette them boile agayne wyth a softe fyre stirre them about And then encrease the fire let theÌ„ boyle agayn til they become black of colour than adde the foresaid terebentine of rosyne of the pine tree Ê’ vi of shippe pitche Ê’ ss of white diaquiloÌ„ wyth guÌ„mes â„¥ iii. Let them boyle agayne a lytle wyth sufficiente whyte waxe
the sayde medicynes incarnatiue Fyrste we saye by the auctoritie of Auicenne that that is an incarnatiue medicyne whyche hath vertue to congele and make thycke good bloode in the flesshe And that is brought to passe by medicynes that haue power to drye in the fyrst degre or in the begynnynge of the seconde degre For yf the medicyne be to muche desiccatiue it wyll let the bloode to comme down to the place And so the flesshe shal not haue mattyer wherwyth it maye be encreased Lykewyse yf it scoure to muche it wyl make the bloode to runne to fast and so consume the mattier that shuld engendre fleshe Wherefore a medicyne incarnatiue muste be of suche qualytie that it maye conserue the cōplexion of the sore membres For Galene sayeth that we muste kepe the course of nature whyle it contynueth And agayne whan it is lost we muste restore it And the foresayd medicines worke cheiflye by the nature and vertue of the membre And therfore we muste consydre the nature and qualitie of the mēbre For somme ben moyst and some ben drye The drye requyre drye thinges and the moyste moyste thynges For moyst membres are not preserued by dryenesse but are destroied therwith al. For as Galene sayth hote bodyes wyll haue hote remedyes and drye bodyes drye remedyes c. Whyche thynge muste be vnderstande concernynge the naturall complexion of the membre and not concernynge the disease For as a disease touchynge hys curation desyreth hys contrary so a mēber desyreth his lyke So it foloweth that in woundes of moyst membres ☜ we muste vse moyst medicynes that the nature or complexion of the membre be not destroyed Neuerthelesse we muste note that a medicyne incarnatiue ought to be lesse drye in a temperate bodye than in a body vntemperate in his qualitees And therfore we sayd in the chap. of flesshie woundes that drie strong and thicke bodyes membres for the incarnacion of theyr woundes require greater exciccation or dryenge thā tender bodyes or membres For whā woundes happē in tender bodies the incarnatiue may not exceade the first degree of drynesse but in drye and stronge bodyes the incarnatiue medicyne must be in the begynnyng of the seconde degree Wherfore we conclude that a medicyne incarnatiue muste be dyuers accordynge to the dyuersitie of bodyes and membres For the same medicyne is drye in the fyrste degree in one bodye and moyste in another And therfore it engendreth fleshe in one and corruption in another And therfore Galene sayeth expressely that fanckincense is drye in the fyrst degre in respecte of a temperate bodye For in a temperate bodye it engendreth fleshe And that onely bycause it preserueth the complexion of the mēbre and dryeth the superfluous moystnes that hyndreth the generatiō of fleshe which thynge chaūceth not in a drye body for therin it engēdreth not flesh but quytture because it is moyst in respect of the same And therfore Galene numbryng medicines incarnatiue declareth sundry medicines simple in complexion As frankincense barley floure beane floure and floure of orobus floure delice tutia climia aristologia and the plante of oppoponax And he declareth some incarnatiues compounde in complexion as mirre sarcocolle sanguis draconis Wherfore it foloweth that a medicine to engendre fleshe muste in dryenesse excede the naturall dryenesse of the membre But where as we sayd before by the auctoritie of Galene that a medicine incarnatiue must be of such drynes that it maye preserue the complexion of the membre It is true yf ye vnderstande it absolutly that is to say the membre alone But it muste moreouer haue vertue and power to heale the dysease For a medicine muste be of such power that may not alonly cōserue the cōplexion therof but also dystroye dysease Also where as we sayd that a mēbre is cōserued by his lyke as moist mēbres by moyst thynges we saye that it is true yf ye vnderstande cōseruatiō only but yf ye haue respecte to the cure of the dysease ye must not only administer thinges lyke but ye shal also administer thynges that both conserue the naturall cōplexion of the membre and destroye the dysease Wherfore seynge the moystnes is cōtrary to generatiō of fleshe in woūdes ye must administer such drye thinges that besyde the natural cōseruation of the membre it maye also drye vp the moystnesse of the wounde Thus to cōclude we saye that a medicine incarnatiue euē in moyst bodies ought to be of a drie cōplexion Further more ye shal note thys one thynge touchynge the incarnation of woūdes that ye muste maynteyne the natural cōplexion of the mēbre the nature of the bodie Which thyng Galene wytnesseth sayenge that nature is the worker the phisition or chirurgie is the minister For the generation of fleshe wythout the helpe of nature is against the operation of the same And therfore it is very necessarye that the pacient be fedde with meates that engendre good blood And to thys our purpose sayeth Auicenne in the chapitre of a fleshie wounde when thou haste kept the complexion of the membre take good hede that nothynge be drawen thervnto but blood that is naturall And here in are two thynges to be noted Fyrst that the incarnatiue medecines be of that cōplexion that the membre is of so that they shall not be able to drawe vnto the member any thynge but naturall bloode that as well in qualitie as in quātitie for the bloode that is noysome other in qualitie or quantitie doeth hynder the growynge of fleshe in the wounde as sayeth Galien in the thyrde and fourth bokes de ingenio sanitatis and as Auicenne sayeth take hede that nothynge be drawen to the mēber but only natuturall bloode And this shal ye do yf ye defende the mēber that no antecedente matter of the bodye come to it cause payne with apostemation in the place and chaūge the mēbre frō his natural cōplexion And thus doynge there shal come only natural bloode vnto the membre And thus it foloweth that the medecines incarnatiue shal haue theyr operation in regendringe of fleshe closynge vp of the woūdes And thys is the mynde of Auicē to let the cōming of euel blood and of contrary humours as it is sayd in the place before alleged the stoppyng of bloodynes watrines c. It is also to be noted that these incarnatiue sigillatiue medecines of woūdes vlceres ought not to be administred within afore that the sores be mūdifyed the woūdes digested as the cause shal requyre For as Auicēne sayeth capitulo de nascentia carnis in vlceribus there maye be no incarnatiue layed to the vlcere tyll it be very perfytly mundifyed and that ther be brought vnto it the nouryshmēt that is gentel naturall bloode wherby nature wyth the incarnatiue medecine doth engēder blood bothe in vlceres woūdes And afterwarde he sayeth when that the euel fleshe rotten matter are expelled thē may ye laye to the
smalnes Lykewyse rotten vlceres differ lytle froÌ„ fylthye Neuerthelesse in this one thynge they differ that somtyme the rotteÌ„ vlcere is ambulatiue or walkynge And therfore this vlcere putrefactiue and ambulatiue is not without a fieuer whyche goeth not from hym tyl the putrefaction and ambulatioÌ„ be remoued wherefore Galene called thys kynde of corosyue vlceration formicam ambulatinam et igneÌ„ persicum And therfore maligne and poysonable vlceres be cured after one maner and lykewyse fylthy and rotten vlceres The causes of maligne and virulent vlceres are wouÌ„des metyng the suê‘fluities of a body full of euyll and superfluous humours or vlceres folowynge euyl pustles or corrupte diete Lykewyse the causes of fylthye and rotten vlceres are apostemes and exitures to rype and caused of grosse somewhat hote humours in whyche also the chirurgien vsed longe tyme mollityue medicines Holowe vlceres are for the mooste parte engendred of a wounde euyl cured or of a greate aposteme broken of it selfe or bicause the incision was verye smal The causes of corosiue vlceres are sharpe and coleryke humours wyth adustynge or brennyng And therfore Auicenne sayeth Virus speakyng of the qualitie of quytture that that which is thyn and subtyle is called Virus and that whyche is grosse and thycke is called fylth The thinne requireth exiccatioÌ„ and the thicke abstersioÌ„ or skowring Virus is engendred of the boylynge of hote humours wyth the watrines of the same Fylth is engendred of superfluitie of colde grosse humours Furthermore of vlceres some be with a spasme some ben painful and some wythout payne some rounde some playne some depe hauynge many holes are called of Cornelius Celsus chyronica Moreouer some be softe some be hard some shelly some there are in which certeyn veynes are swollen through putrefaction and are called Vlcera varicosa of al these kindes we wyl make a ê‘ticuler chapter The vlceres whyche engendre a spasme bycause of their euyll qualities as Auicenne sayth are holow vlceres rotteÌ„ corosiue caÌ„kerous painfull and the vlceres of Argyromater that is to saye of a philosopher that onely healed vlceres of mooste harde curation Lykewyse certeyne vlceres engeÌ„dre spasme bycause of the place as the vlceres whyche be nye the synnowes chiefly those which are in the backe by reason of the nighnes of the nuke and the vlceres whyche bene in the former parte of the knee bycause the lacertes be very synnowie therfore the woundes and vlceres of that place doth sone enduce a spasme and manye other euyll accidentes as we haue declared in the chapiter of the woundes of the sayd place Further ye shall note that the vlceres of synnowie places maye engender thre kyndes of diseases Fyrste yf the mattier ascend or mount toward the brayne it engendreth a spasme or perturbation of reason and yf it goo downe to the nether membres it wil cause a fluxe of bloode wyth quytterouse mattier whych thyng we haue sene to haue often chaunced And yf it come towarde the partes of the middes of the bodye it wyll engender a pleuresye As touching signes AuiceÌ„ne saith that the generatioÌ„ of heare about the wounde whyche heare before dyd fal awaye is a good signe Also whyte quytture thynne equall in colour and substaunce and in lytle quantitie is a signe that the vlceres wyl be easely cured wherfore in euery vlcere ye maye make pronostication of easy or vneasy curation by the coÌ„sideration of the qualitie or quantitie of the quitture It is a laudable quytture whyche is engendred by digestion through natural heat of the meÌ„bre therfore it must be whyte not thycke equall Quytture not laudable is diuers Some is grosse slimye som blackish some venomous som corosiue of reddish coloure And therfore Auicenne sayth there bene vlceres whose rootes are sharpe that is to say the humours of whome suche vlceres are engendred are sharpe hote and bytynge wherefore through theyr sharpnes they are wont to engendre great ytche which manye tymes maketh the place to be vneaselye cured Lykewyse there be some vlcers as the same man sayth from whych ther sweateth out citrine or yelow corruption so that through hys heate it burneth and byteth the partes that lye about the vlcere And these vlcers bene of verye harde curation Further it chaunceth sometyme that euyll colour of bodye as whyte pale or yelowe accompanieth euyl vlcers whiche thynges signifye corruption of the lyuer and corruption of bloode sente from the lyuer to the vlcered place Also melancholyke and harde vlcers of blewe or blackyshe coloure are of harde curation Vlcers moreouer of blacke coloure wythout felynge ben worste of all bycause of their greate putrefaction Also vlcers that haue harde skalye borders or lippes can not be healed except these lippes or skales be remoued with a sharpe medicine The signes whiche are good in vlcers Good signes in vlcers be whan after muÌ„dification the borders of the lippes be whyte the growing of the flesh is lyke the graynes of pomegranades Also whaÌ„ the quytture is white and not thycke engendred by good operation of nature And when the vlcers be touched by a bytynge medicine they cause not so greate payne as when the vlcere is maligne And therefore those chirurgiens are deceaued whiche saye that it is a good signe when thynges abstersiue wyth mordication or byting administred in woundes cause payn thynkyng that it chauÌ„ceth by the reason of good fleshe where in very dede it cometh of the malignitie of the vlcere For good fleshe when it is touched with a byting medicine causeth litle payn And the reason why euyl fleshe feleth more the bytyng of the medicine then the good flesh is thys namely the sensibilitie of a contrary thynge whych is founde alway in a maligne vlcere For paynfulnes is the felynge of a coÌ„trary thynge Seynge then that euyl fleshe is euer paynful therfore byting medicines by the reason of sensibilitie of the euyll fleshe necessarilye cause greater payne in euyl vlcers than in vlcers muÌ„dified from that corrupt fleshe And therfore Auicenne sayeth thus beware in all medicines that ye cause not payne chiefly yf there be an aposte or euyl coÌ„plexion griefe yee it is nedefull that ye remoue the causes whych hynder the healynge of vlcers as thoughe he wolde saye that bytyng medicines ought not to be admistred in anye paynfull vlcere for that shulde adde payne vpon payne yee wheÌ„ the vlcere is apostemous he forbyddeth the washynge wyth wyne or wyth water of alume And these dryeng thinges are much praised of him in dryeng of vlcers to bryng on skyn when the vlcere is muÌ„dified and perfytly incarnated Furthermore the comune practicyeners do approue oure sayeng which do vse alume of roche burned to bryng on skynne and yet it causeth not greate payne but it wold do the crontrarye yf it were applyed vpon euyl fleshe Neuertheles yf the fleshe in the vlcere be rotten or cankerous theÌ„
bycause it hath lytle felyng bytynge medicines layed theron shal cause lytle payne And note that euyll fleshe is more sensible and felynge then good by accidens and that those bodyes are more apte to receaue curation of vlcers whych haue lytle superfluitie with good complexion and good bloode But in moyste bodyes as are the bodyes of women wyth chylde of them that haue the dropsy and of children vlcers are not easely cured bicause of their moystnes Also vlcers whyche succede some disease are of hard curatioÌ„ bicause nature enforseth her selfe to sende the water of the first disease to the seconde as we se daylye in the vlcers caused of the french pockes of whyche we wyll make a treatyse by the grace of god that shal be profitable to the studiouse reader Further concernynge vlcers in sinnowye places when the quytture is good and the vlcere swelleth a lytle about it is a good signe And the sayde vlcere is not redye to cause a spasme nor perturbation of reason nor other euyl accidentes Howebeit yf the said vlcers swell beyonde reason it is no good signe Some vlcers be of euyll complexion whyche must be reduced and rectifyed by their contraryes for the rectification of them Euyll signes in vlcers is the cause of theyr curation Euyll signes of vlcers are when they become drie with out quytture for no reasonable cause and when the vlcers bene swollen a aboute and the same swellynge conueyeth it selfe away without any resonable cause Thys is a signe of death bicause the mattier is drawen into the inwarde parte and by sinnowes mounteth vnto the brayne and causeth a spasme and other euyl accidentes Also Galene sayth that wheÌ„ swellyng hydeth it selfe in vlcers and apostemes the man dyeth Hipocrates affirmeth the same sayeng yf swelling apeare in woundes and vlcers and sodenly vanyshe awaye without reasonable cause it is mortall whan he sayeth wythout reasonable cause he meaneth excepte it be remoued wyth a resolutiue medicine than it is to be feared lest a spasme shal be caused by that mattier For Hypocrates sayeth that a spasme in a wounde or vlcere is mortal And he sayeth moreouer in the same place when swellynges apeare in woundes the patientes suffer not spasme nether waxe madde but wheÌ„ they vanysh awaye the sayd accidentes chaunce to some men Nowe seyng that we haue declared the kyndes of vlcers according to the diuersity of causes and accidentes it is coÌ„uenient that we declare the thynges which hynder the curation of the same And fyrst ye shall knowe that there be two maner causes whyche hynder the saide cure that is to saye causes conioyncte and causes anticedent The causes conioyncte be these that folowe paynefulnes euyll complexion aposteme a corrupted bone the hardnes of the lyppes suê‘fluous fleshe softnes distemperatnes of the vlcere as well in heate as in colde a rounde figure of the vlcere a superficiall and fistulare figure or some other figure The causes antecedeÌ„tes haue euyll humoures in quantitie or qualitie Further we saye that thynges that hyndre consoundyng are of double difference that is to say other they be of the parte of the vlcere or of the part of thynges annexed and ioyned to the same Yf they be of the part of the vlcere they procede of solution of continuite or of quytture as it appeareth by the diffinition of an vlcere The hyndrans caused by solution of continuitie cometh of the figure as roundnes holownesse c. The hyndrance caused by quytture cometh of the substaunce or of the qualitie wheÌ„ it cometh of the substance it is by reason of the subtilenes grossenes slymynes or runninge mattier Yf the hindrance come of the qualitie it is bycause of hys sharpenes his corosion or substance by it selfe or by accideÌ„t and the foresaid causes are nombred with the mattier conioynct The hindrance that cometh by thinges annexed to the vlcers procedeth of a cause materiall or efficiente the materiall is bloode sent to the member for hys nouryshment whyche cannot be chaunged in to good nouryshmente therefore hurtethe the vlcered place as well through hys euyl qualitie as throughe hys quantitie wheÌ„ it hyndreth through hys quantitie it is by abundaunce or insufficient quaÌ„titie and when it hurteth by qualitie it is through euil coÌ„plexion as coldenes heate moystnes drynesse simple or compounde material or not materiall Lykewyse the efficient cause whyche hindreth healynge of vlcers is euil complexion of the vlcered meÌ„bre whyche is contrarye to the natural complexion of the sayd membre And it is called efficient bycause of the actiue qualities which are heate and moystnes the sayd causes ben simple or coÌ„pounde material or not materiall Further if the hyndrance procedeth by thynges contrary to the vlcers whych brynge euyll disposition vnto them eyther they be accidentes or maladyes yf they be accidentes they are paynfulnes c. yf they be maladies they be purgynge of the belly aposteme shelly flesh additioÌ„ of flesh corosion putrefaction and such other maladyes whyche ben annexed to vlcers These are they whyche hynder the ryght curation of vlcers as well by thynges annexed to vlcers as by causes material and efficient The signes of the sayde thnges shal be knowen as it foloweth Fyrste ye shall knowe Signes of abundans of bloode that the bloode is to muche abundaunt in quantitie by the nature of the patient whiche is stronge and fleshye of reddyshe coloure and hath full and large and great veynes and wheÌ„ the quytture of the vlcers is bloodyshe Ye shall knowe that the bloode is diminished in quaÌ„titie by thynges contrarye to the aforesayde that is to saye Sigges of diminition of bloode when the bodie of the patient is leane and thynne when the veynes ben small emptie and than the mattier whyche shulde engender fleshe is not deriued to the vlcered place and the quyture is in small quantitie Further ye shall knowe that the bloode of humours fayle in qualitie by the signes folowing First in heat Qualitie whyche is knowen by the yelowe colour of the body of the face of the eyes and when the bodie is leane and choleryke then the quytture whyche issueth oute of the vlcers is for the most parte yelowe and yf the heate be to muche so that it burneth the humours the quytture is of a duskyshe coloure somwhat blacke And yf the humours be colde ye may know it by that Colde that the patient is flegmatike pale wheÌ„ the vlcered membre is whyte and the quytture is slimy and grosse whyte in coloure And yf they bene drye Drye the meÌ„bre vlcered is of a duskyshe colour and the bodye of the patient is drye leane and the quytture is thycke like ashes and derte and of blacke colour After that we haue declared the signes whyche procede of sondrye maters accordynge to the diuersitie of the coÌ„plexion of the bodye we must serch out the cause that hyndreth the curation of an vlcere after the diuersity of
vlceres Fyrst bycause we haue often spoken of the accidentes of all euyll vlceres we wil now onely speake of paynfulnes for in some vlceres ther is vehement gryefe so that it causethe euyll accidentes and sometymes bryngeth the patiente to deathe wherfore yf there be vehement gryef than ye shall applye thynges aboute the vlcere that be stupefactiue as a playster made of the leaues of whyte popie and of henbane wrapped in wete cloutes and putte vnder hote ymbres Playster stupefactiue and afterwarde stampe them and strayne them and adde oyle of Roses Omphacyne and vnguentum Populeon and make a playstere wyth a lytle waxe Item to thys intentioÌ„ vse the oyntmente folowynge â„ž the leaues of mallowes and of henbane Ana. mÌ„ ij sethe them in water and afterwarde stampe them and strayne them and adde vnto them of oyle of Nenuphar oyle of popye as muche as shall suffyce set them on the fyer agayne and make an oyntmente addynge of Philonium Persicum Ê’ vj. Item vse this recepte â„ž oyle of Popie oyle of Camomylle oyle of Violettes Ana â„¥ j. of whyte waxe Ê’ vj. make a lyniment at the fyere addynge of womans mylke â„¥ ss of opium ℈ j. of Saffran Ê’ j. the yolke of an Egge and styrre them aboute in a morter of leade the space of an houre If the dyfficultie of healynge seame to procede thoroughe the euyll complexion of the vlcered parte ye muste consyder whether the sayde complexion be hote or colde materiall or ymateriall yf it be hote lette it be cured wyth local mediâ—ynes and that haue vertue to cole as vnguetuÌ„ de cerusa A colliry made with water of roses plaÌ„tayne and with whyte sief wythoute opium is of good operation Further the difficultie of healynge chaunceth of the quantitie or qualitie of bloode if it be in quantitie it is other superfluous or diminished yf it be in qualitie it is in complexion hote or colde moist or drye c. If the bloode be superfluous the cure is accomplyshed with slender diete and wyth cuttyng of a veyne by administration of bloodsuckers If the bloode be diminished ye shall remedye it wyth grosse diete of good iuyce and by drawyng nouryshment to the vlcered place by rubbynges vnctions and fomentations and suche fomentations that swage payne so continuynge tyll the member waxe redde and begynne to swelle If the blood be of an yl qualitie as of a hote materiall coÌ„plexion let the hote mattier be purged yf it be thinne with rubarbe Myrobalanes Tamarindes pulpe cassie wyth water or wyne of pomegranades made after the maner of iuleb c. And yf nede be let the mattier be purged wyth the iuyce of roses psilio or sebesteÌ„ c. Yf the mattier be grosse throughe adustion let it be purged with a lectuary lenitiue of hamech diasene cassia strengthened with sene pillulis indis c. Note that hote mattier beyng subtile must be digested before purgation with sirupe of roses endyue vinaygre simple occisaccaruÌ„ syrupe of violets with the waters of endyue violets sorell or other like If the mattier be grosse through adustion it must be digested wyth a sirupe of apples of buglosse of hoppes with a iulep of violettes of fumiterre or other suche Here ye shal note thys one thing that in eating drinkinge in other thynges not naturall ye kepe a proportioÌ„ according to the defaut in these other coÌ„plexions which are found with an vlcere If there chaunce a fieuer in the vlcers so much more ye shal encrease the forsayde thinges in the degre of coldnes or diminish the same as the fieuer shal seme stronger or weaker If the blood be of a hote coÌ„plexioÌ„ simple or coÌ„pounde wtout mattier theÌ„ the foresayde digestiues shal onely suffice wtout purgation If it be of a colde complexion material theÌ„ let the mattier be purged If it be flegmatike with aloes agarike polipody turbith electuary de dactilis pillule de hiera pillule cochie or other like alway directyng the mattier with syrupe de bisantiis with oximel sirupe of vinaygre coÌ„pouÌ„de with hony of roses with waters of fenell borage smallage maioruÌ„ mint worwood or other such These thynges one after another are good in an euel colde coÌ„plexion not material wythout purgation Lyke curation shal be in colde mattier moyste materiall but if the coÌ„plexion be moyst wtout mattier onelye digestyues are conuenient but if the coÌ„plexioÌ„ be drie material the mattier muste be purged the meÌ„bers that engendre the same rectified If it be not materiall the cure shal be wyth hote moyst thinges Hitherto we haue spokeÌ„ of the cure of euil blood Furthermore we saide that the roundnes of vlcers hindreth curatioÌ„ wherefore the chirurgien shal reduce it froÌ„ a rouÌ„de vlcere to alonge vlcere with an hote yron or with a caustike medicine briefly it is a generall rule in the cure of these vlcers that if the difficultie of their curation do coÌ„sist in yl blood that then ye minister meate whiche engendreth good bloode contrary to that that hyndreth the cure If the cause be in slender nouryshmente the bloode shall be multiplyed by dilatynge the waye wyth good meates But yf the cause be mollifitation thorowe fylthye mattier than it shall be healed wyth the cure of a fylthye and softe vlcere If superfluous dryeng be the cause so that it be not a fistulous vlcere it shall be cured wyth moyst thynges and herin it auayleth muche as AuiceÌ„ne sayeth to perfume the vlcered place wyth some thynge of gentle moysture and by administrynge medicines of lytle exiccation or drieng and therfore AuiceÌ„ne saith perchaunce it is good to administer cloutes dypped in warme water If some cankerouse corruptioÌ„ be the cause of difficultie then cure that accidente as it is sayde in the cure of a canker Lykewyse yf a fistula be the cause resorte to the cure of a fistula For the remouynge of other causes that letteth the curation of vlcers resort to the second chapiter of thys presente boke Nowe I wyll begynne to declare certayne remedyes as I promised afore Oyntment And to speake generally of oyntmentes whyche helpe vlcers that ben harde to cure these ben they Fyrst R. of oyle myrtyne oyle of roses omphacine anÌ„ â„¥ iii. of goates suet of calues suet anÌ„ â„¥ ii of Plantayne leaues of woodbynde of the tender partes of bramles of the leaues and graynes of myrtilles of the leaues of wylde olyues of the herbe called Horsetayle ana mÌ„ i. of Hypocistidos Ê’ x. two sower pomegranades of the herbe called alleluya of sorell anÌ„ mÌ„ i. ss of vnguentum populeon oyle of roses complete ana li. ss stampe all these foresayde thynges together and let them seeth wyth a cyathe of water of plantayne and as muche of water of Roses tyll the waters be consumed theÌ„ strayn them set the liquor vpon the fyre agayne put thervnto of ceruse â„¥ ii of Litarge of gold and syluer anÌ„ â„¥ i.
excepte they be vlcered and ioyned wyth some hote humoure Theyr colour is betwene blewnes and rednes If they be caused of melancholyke and flegmatyke bloode mixt together they ar like lytle peces of flesh of blacke colour called Condilomata and yf they be caused of brente choleryke bloode wyth melancholye they are in coloure and figure lyke to a mulberye and verye paynefull Item ye shal note that some be naturall and some accidental the naturall are those whiche in some dodies euerye moneth or euery yere foure tymes purge grosse and melancholyke bloode The accidentall are those whyche procede of the foresayde causes throughe euyll diete and other thynges not naturall wherfore the pacient muste auoyde all sharpe salt tarte thynges and the engender melancholyke bloode as all pulses the heade and the inwardes of beastes and grosse fleshe as of kyne swyne goates hares and byrdes of the ryuer Further more the emoroydes are caused inwardly and outwardelye Those that are engendred inwardly are natural they are woÌ„t to sende forth grosse bloode those that apere outwardelye sende forth watry bloode somewhat reddyshe The cure of emoroydes shal be accomplishid by an vniuersal and particuler regiment Cure of emoroydes The vniuersall regiment hath two intenciones namelye ordinaunce of diete and purgation of the cause antecedent Particuler regiment is accomplished by the administration of locall medicines As touchyng the fyrst intention we say that when they droppe inordinatly they muste be restrayned thoughe it be a generall rule that the flowynge of bloode by certayne tymes courses shulde not be restrayned leste the pacient fall into a dropsye throughe the weaknes of the lyuer and of the stomake For the restraynynge of the same the remedyes whyche be administred to stoppe the floures are conuenient in thys case applyed as well within as without lykewise in prouokynge the same Yf the fluxe come of a colde cause let the pacient be purged with diacatholicon cassia with the decoction of myrobalanes called kebuli equally proportioned accordynge to the strength age of the patient Yf they procede of hote mattier ye shall purge the body wyth diaprunis not solutiue reubarbe wyth the decoction of myrobalane citrine The doctours say that the solutiues must purge in pressing together leauyng some stipticitie in the meÌ„bre that sendeth and receaueth the humours After purgation ii dayes ye shal administer a bathe of thinges the restreyne as sumach roses myrtilles plaÌ„tayn boyled in water wherein hote steele hath beÌ„ queÌ„ched It it is good to take trifera magna cuÌ„ saÌ„guine draconis with a litle mumia a lytle reubarbe wyth wyne of aygre pomegranades Rasis prayseth trosciskes of karabe Playsters for the emoroydes with sumach to restrayne the fluxe of the emoroydes he prayseth the application of a playster of spica written in the chapter of the weaknes of the liuer Item a sirupe of myrte of roses is of great excellencie in this cause Furthermore it is very good to laye vpoÌ„ the rennyng place in the somer a plaister of lentilles roses beanes made wyth water wherin a hote yron hath ben quenched for it stauncheth blood marueylously Item this playster folowing serueth for the same purpose R. of roses of myrtilles of the leaues of plaÌ„taine of the herbe called lingua passerina or knotgresse ana mÌ„ i sethe them all in water wherein hote yron hath ben quenched then stampe them streyne them put therunto a lytle wyne of pomegranades a litle vinaygre of roses shake them together brynge them in the maner of a plaister vse the same If the fluxe of emoroydes chauÌ„ceth in wynter ye must take wormewood with oyle of roses omphacine a lytle sage and mugwort and seeth them in a pot and afterwardes stampe them applye them vpon the place Ye shal put also wtin the fundament this oyntment folowing R. of roses myrtilles knotgrasse anÌ„ â„¥ ss of fraÌ„kensence Ê’.i of saÌ„guis draconis of myldust of â—eane floure anÌ„ Ê’.ii of hares heare cut in smal peces Ê’.ii.ss of bole armeny terre sigill anÌ„ Ê’.iii.ss of tutia of litarge of golde syluer anÌ„ Ê’.i.ss of the iuyce of tapsus barbatus of the iuyce of horsetayle plantayne and comferye ana Ê’.iii the whytes of two egges shake them all together put them into the fundameÌ„t with cotton or wyth lynte for it is a presente remedye to staunche bloode Also byndynge of the armes and shulders and ventoses is verye good to tourne awaye the mattier Also it is profitable to laye a ventose vpon the liuer Item it helppeth muche that the patient eate before his meate some stypstyke thynge as rosted peares or quinces or mynes made of the same medlers wyldynges c. Also ye muste auoyde anger immoderate vse of women and greate exercise Thys doctrine shall suffice for particuler purgation of emoroydes Vniuersall cure of emoroydes Nowe we wyll come to the vniuersall cure whyche shall be accomplyshed by foure intentions The fyrste consisteth in the ordinaunce of diete the seconde in purgation of the mattier antecedente the thyrde in remouinge the matter conioynt the fourth in correction of the accidentes As towchyng the fyrste the patient must vse suche meates as maye engendre good blood and destroy euyl as chickyns hennes partryches fesauntes motton veale sodden wyth herbes that engeÌ„der good blood as borage buglosse lettuse spinache c. He must auoyde all fishe excepte perches and fyshes that lyue amonge stones Also he must auoyde al sharpe thynges that engender melancholyke blood For the seconde intention whiche is to purge the mattier antecedente you shall vse Diacatholicon or Cassia or Diacassia and ye shal forbeare solutyues into whyche Aloes and scamonye enter wherfore it shall suffice to loose the bellye with one of the sayd lenitiues The thyrde intention shall be accomplyshed wyth the administration of locall remedyes And fyrste yf the emoroydes be like mulberies though they be of lytle aperaunce yet they cause great payn which if you swage not spedelye an apostemous or fistulous vlcere maye be engendred in the place Wherefore Lanfranke a lerned man comaundeth at the begynnynge to cutte the veyne called Basilica of the same syde the next daye the veyne saphena of the same syde And if the patient were wont to haue purgation by the veynes emoroydal ye shall prouoke the same and yf he were not acustomed he shal forbeare And herein the chirurgiens erre often tymes applyenge in the begynnynge of emoroydes bloode suckers and thynges that prouoke bloode wherby they haue broughte the place to an aposteme or to a fistula wherfore it is better to studye to swage the payne and to resolue the emoroydes wherunto a suffumigation and fomentation of the place by this decoction folowynge is profitable in all kyndes of emoroydes whyche we haue proued in Iulye the seconde A pope full of pyles R. of the leaues of Malowes and Violettes of
agues by the waye of crysis and somtime they appere in women after theyr delyueraunce of chyldren The sygnes are manifest in syght and in touchynge for some tyme they are harde and stretched oute chefelye when they be full of bloode and the coloure of them is blackyshe and sometyme they come to vlceracyon cause greate payne and are harde to be cured and there ensueth often a fluxe of bloode which is also of harde curacyon and though it be cured it commeth agayne with more malignitie so that when we wolde cure the sayde vlceration we haue ben constrayned to purge the matter by the places that lye aboute namelye by an issue Lykewyse besyde the saide vlceration the veines so swel are fylled sodēly with grosse melancholicke and burned blood that the sayde bloode congeleth together and commeth by lytle and lytle to putrifaction and so there ascend vp euell vapoures and fumes to the brayne cause euell accydentes in the brayne and in the harte whereby the pacyent often tymes dyeth Wherfore the cure of these veines wyth vlceration or wythoute vlceration chefely yf they be confermed cānot be accomplysshed wythoute euydent daunger of the paciente I speake of vlcered veynes because the matter whyche was wounte to dyscende to vyle places and there to be purged throughe the curation of the varyces is retayned and cōueyed to the nobler members as the harte the stomacke and the brayne and so the dysposition thereof shulde be the worse wherfore Hipocrates saith that yf ye heale emoroides leuynge notone open daunger of the dropsye tysyke and frenesy shall ensue Wherefore in such dyspositions that is to say in emoroydes and swollen veynes it is better to leue them open then to cure them For they that be cured dye quyckelye but they that be not cured but palliated lyue a long season For Arnoldus de villa noua sayeth when there is an vnnatural issue in a mās body by the which some mater is wonte to be purged it cannot be stopped wythoute greater incommodyties excepte the matter be purged by a place nye to the sayde issue And therefore wise chirurgiens in thys case make an issue wyth an actuall cauterye or potencyall foure fyngers vnder the knee that the mater be purged by the same by whych meane we haue healed manye The cure of swolne veynes not vlcered by insicion is very daungerous for great fluxe of bloode foloweth the sayde incision whiche is harde to be retayned and sometyme when nature cannot deryue the bloode and matter to the wounded place the same blood beinge kepte in growethe to cankerdnes Wherefore I was wonte in the cure of swollen veynes fylled wyth melancholyke bloode a conuenyente purgacion of the bodye wyth the applyinge of leches vpon the emoroydall veines presupposed to euapoure oute the bloode wyth thys decoction folowynge ℞ of the rootes of holyehocke lj ss of hoorehounde of cammomylle of mellylote of dylle ana m̄ j. of branne of cleane berlye ana m̄ ii of honye lj i. ss seethe al these thynges at the fyre and make a bathe thereof where wyth ye shall washe the whole legge and make euaporation wyth sponges dypped therein Also we were wonte to make a cerote of the decoction of holyhocke and wyth the thynges vnderwrytten and wythe these two thynges for the most parte we euapoured oute the bloode and resolued it perfytly ℞ of holihok soden cutte and stamped lj ss of oyle of comomylle dylle ana ℥ .ij. of freshe butter and hennes grese ana ℥ i. ss of gose grese and duckes grese ana ℥ i.ss of calues talowe ℥ .iii. of the marye of of the legges of a calfe and of a cow ana ʒ.vi make a soft cerote of al with the foresaye straynynge and wyth suffyciente whyte waxe addynge of saffron ʒ.i Furthermore to open a veyne aboute the knee the member beynge fyrst bounde strayned that the congeled and corrupte bloode maye only yssue oute perchaunce it shall not be vnprofytable for by the euacuacyon of bloode sometyme the foresayde accidentes are remoued Afterwarde vpon the cutte place ye shall leye thynges that staunche bloode as the whyte of an egge beaten wyth pouder restryctiue The curation of the vlceres of swollē veynes dyffer not frome the curation of vlceres of the legges and of the thyghes declared in the former chapyter But for as muche as suche vlceres are ioyned wyth vehemente payne and malygnitie therefore for the remouyng of the same we wyl descrybe certayne peculyer remedyes and fyrst a fomentation to swage the payne A synguler fomentation ℞ of the leaues of malowes violettes of the leaues of plantain ana m̄ i. of clene barly m̄ ii of the seed of quinces somewhat brayed ℥ ss of scabyouse m̄ i. ss of butter lj ss let them be sodden altogether wyth suffycyente water tyll the thyrde parte be consumed and vse thys remedye after the maner of a fomentacyon After ye haue washed the place with a sponge ye shall take the yolcke of a newe layde egge and of butter ℥ .i ss whych ye shal laboure in a mortar of lead and applie them with cloutes And yf ye put to thys medecyne an ℥ of vnguentum populeon yt shal be verye good we haue some tyme remoued the payne and malignitie of the sayde vlceres by apliynge oure pouder of mercurye ones or twyse and afterwarde leying vppon the same thys sparadrappe folowyng and thyn plates of leade vsynge a conuenyente maner of byndynge from the insteppe to the knee and whan the place was paynefull we washed it wyth the water of plantayne and water of alume Lykewyse we founde that the iuce of plantayne and of houndestonge boyled wyth a lytle suger tyll halfe be consumed and applyed vpon the vlcered place is of good operacyon The leues also of the sayde herbes and the leues of woodbynd layed vppon the vlceres in steade of an oyntemente or sparadrappe bryngeth great ease to the pacyente The myxture of the sayde sparadrap is ℞ of the iuce of plantayne nyght shade ana ℥ .ii. of the iuce of knotgrasse houndestonge and wodbynde ana ℥ .i of oyle of rooses omphacyne of oyle of rooses complete of oyle myrtyne ana ℥ .ii. of calues talow ℥ .iiij. of swines grese of gootes talowe ana ℥ .ii. ss of cowes talowe ℥ .iii. of vnguentum populeon ℥ i.ss of lytarge of golde and siluer ana ʒ.i.ss of minium ʒ.x of bole armenye fynelye poudred of terra sigillata ana ℥ ss let the fattes the oyles and the iuces seeth together tyll the iuces be consumed then strayne them and adde the reste to the straynynge and lette them seethe at the fyre and styrre them aboute tyll they be blacke in coloure than make a sparadrap or a soft cerote wyth suffycyente whyte waxe addynge in the ende of the decoction of camphore brayed accordinge to arte ʒ.ii of tucia ʒ.x vse thys medecyne in all vlcers for it is of excellente operation Item vnguentum camphoratum some
somwhate the fleshe frome the bone in the ouer parte of the member And afterwarde cutte the rotten fleshe frome the boone by pece mele and couer the bourders wyth warme cloutes that they be not hurte by the ayre Than ye muste compasse about the ouer parte wyth youre handes and reduce the fleshe cyrclewyse and sawe the bone as hye as ye can wyth a sawe of sharpe teethe Whyche done ye muste cauteryse the cutte place vnto the hole parte and afterwarde ye muste cauteryse the boone and than cure the wounde as other burned woundes bene cured And because that some commaund to astoyne the member before incisyon by applycation of a medycyn wherin opium entreth or by the smelling of a spunge wherein opium is that the hole bodye maye be broughte a slepe Ye shall vnderstande the reuerence saued they enterpryse a daungerouse busynes for thys dysease somtymes chaunseth of a medycine made wyth opium as wrytters affyrme Neuerthelesse the member may be bound afore incision in the vpper parte because of the course of the bloode Furthermore they that prayse the applycacion of a certayn sparadrap for the conseruation of the corrupte member wyth the hole are not to be herde for the application of them doth brynge shame to the chirurgien hyndraūce to the patient Fynally when the escare is remoued ye shall procede as is declared in the chap. of vlcers in general thus endeth the treatyse of vlceres The .v. boke of master Ihon Vigo of Genuay of the frenche Pockes of the deade euyl and scabbe of the paynes of the ioyntes of the tethe ¶ The fyrst chapter of the cure of the frenche Pockes not confyrmed IN the yeare of our Lord. Of the frēche pockes not confermed 1494. in the monethe of December whē Charles the Frēche kynge toke hys iorney into the partes of ytaly to recouer the kyngdome of Naples there appered a certayne dysease through out al ytaly of an vnknowen nature whych sondrye nations hath called by sondry names The Frenche men call it the dysease of Naples bycause the souldyours brought it from thence into Fraunce The Neapolitanes call it the Frenche dysease for it appered fyrste whē they came to Naples so other languages call it by other names whervpon we nede not greatlye to passe but rather what the nature and cure therof is Thys dysease is contagious chiefly yf it chaūce through copulation of a mā wyth an vnclene woman for the begynnynge therof was in the secret members of men and women with lytle pushes of blewe colour otherwhyles of blacke sometyme of whytyshe wyth a certayn hardnes aboute the same whych pustules could not be healed by medicine applyed with in or wythout but that they wold enbrace the hole bodye wyth vlceration of the genitall partes euer returnyng agayne after they were healed chiefly in the ioyntes in the armes vnder the knees in the foreheade and welnye spredde through all the body yet at thys tyme they begyn euē so but it is not so contagious as it was at the begynnyng Furthermore a moneth after the sayd pustules the patient was vexed wyth great payne in the heade the shulders the armes the legges after whych payne that is to saye after a yeare more certayne hard thinges lyke bones were engendred in the patient wyth exceding paine in the nyght tyme whych seased in the daye tyme. For the swagynge wherof the chirurgiens administred anodyne medicines that apease griefe and preuayled nothinge but the ende of the payne was euer corruption of the bone as it chaūceth in the windines of the backbone for the most part the mēbres remayned croked and drawen together through the sayd paynes After a yeare a halfe there appered in thys shamefull abhominable dysease certain knobbes of grosse and flegmatyke matter rooted after the maner of a whyt chessenut lyke a chorde or a synowe halfe rottē whyche were ryped of nature wtout helpe of medicine Wherfore after theyr brekyng or openyng of them all kyndes of vlcers were sene in thē accordyng to the diuersytie of bodyes for in one bodye it is not credible For in sondry bodyes sondry accidentes are wont to be engendred with thys dysease And I dare say that al the dyseases that come of a cause antecedent wherof the chirurgiens haue made mencion maye be nombred in thys shamefull dysease accordyng to the dyuersitie of bodyes And fyrst to speake of apostemes we haue sene in thys detestable sycknes all kynde of hoote cholerike and sanguine apostemes And also we haue sene great quātitie of colde flegmatike and melācholyke apostemes in matters cōpoūde yf the bloode be ioyned wyth fleume and the bloode hauynge dominion the aposteme is called flegmon vndemiades and so of the cōiunction of other as we haue declared in the boke of apostemes in generall Furthermore we haue sene in the sayd dysease al kyndes of quyttures accordynge to the dyuersities of the .iiij. The packes haue parte of al dyseases euyll humours We haue sene deade fleshe growyng in great aboundaūce and also greate multytude of glandules scrophules apostemes called talpe ectopinarie wyth corruption of the bone in the heade And moreouer we haue sene al sortes of the apostemes called formice carbuncles and cancrenes to haue ben ioyned wyth the said dysease and al sortes of vlceres wrytten by al the doctours haue bene sene in thys dysease And yf the vlcers of the sayd dysease be diligently consydred they haue participation with corrosiue and putrefactiue vlcers with creping vlcers cancreouse and cancrenouse virulent maligne paynfull apostemed holowe fystulous vlcers wyth corruption of the bone shelly with harde lyppes briefly the said vlcers haue an euel proprietie vnknowen to vs thorough the malignitie wherof they are harde to be healed and returne shortly agayne Lykewyse in thys dysease all kyndes of paynes may be nōbred as the goute in the handes and fete and of the knees and sciatica Item al sortes of euell scabbes are founde in thys dysease that is the deade euel assaphat and as it were a leprye salte flēgme in the handes and in the fete skalles ryngwormes tetters c. Itē we haue healed sondrye dyseases of the eyes cōmynge of the pockes chyeflye the dysease called ophthalmia but it shulde be to longe a thynge to reken vp al the accidentes that come of this dysease Howebeit we wyl adde this one thynge that they that are touched therwyth are subiecte to a slowe feuer and a consumynge whyche hath brought the patiēt sometyme to death The cause of thys dysease is alwaye primitiue as by hauynge knowlege of fylthy vncleane and pocky women for thys dysease through hys venymnes and the venymnes of the pustules whych chaunce in the priuie partes is spredde aboute the hole bodye from the head to the fete and corrupteth the blod of all tht bodye and produceth pustules scabbes and croustye skalles And ye shall vnderstande that resolutiue medicines that swage
â„¥ i. of chosen manna â„¥ ss make a small potion wyth the decoction of cordiall frutes and floures but in the somer yf nede be the purgation and digestioÌ„ noted in the former chapter may conuenyently be mynistred IteÌ„ it is very good to take the space of a weke a sponefull of the forsayde syrupe fastynge without waters and also to receyue .vii. houres before dyner as moche triacle as the quaÌ„titie of a chesnutte Lykewyse the pylles vnderwrytten are good to be gyuen before the application of the vnctioÌ„s and other remedyes and ye muste gyue therof at ones but Ê’ ss at mydnyght or in the mornyng Piâ—â—es for the pockes â„ž of black elebore of good turbyth ana Ê’ ii of Galenes tryacle â„¥ ss of tormentylle of genciane of dytanye ana Ê’ ss of diagridium â„¥ ss of reubarbe â„¥ i. ss of the spyces of hiera with agarik Ê’ ii mengle them togyther and make pylles with a syrupe of sticados after the maner of peason the receyte of them is froÌ„ ℈ ii to Ê’ i. Somtyme one is receiued somtyme ii and somtyme .iii. IteÌ„ let the patient receyue pylles ordeyned agaynst the frenche pockes and the accidentes therof after our description wherwith we haue healed many with this cerote Special puÌ„les for the pâ—â—kes forsayde remedyes The forme of them is this â„ž of myrobalanes embli belli indi anÌ„ Ê’ ii ss of the spices of mastik pilles â„¥ ss of sticados of the coddes of sene of epithymi of saffran ana Ê’ ss of gentiane of anise ana Ê’ i. of polipodie of blacke elebore an Ê’ ii fyne turbith Ê’ i ss of diagridiuÌ„ ℈ iiii of gynger of serapyne of cynamuÌ„ of nutmygges of lignuÌ„ aloes of tormentil of dytanye of carduus benedictus coloquintida ana ℈ ii of agaricke in trociskes of fyne reubarbe of washen aloes ana â„¥ ss of Galenes triacle Ê’ vi make pylles after the maner of peason with a syrupe of vynegre The dose is Ê’ i. SoÌ„tyme .v. pilles are receyued somtyme iii. soÌ„time one Note also that they haue great strength agaynst the pestileÌ„ce Also ye shall obserue that whan this disease is coÌ„firmed it is very seldome healed but with a cure palliatiue And as concernyng his confirmatioÌ„ it hathe no determyned tyme but by signes for in some bodyes it is coÌ„firmed in .vi. monethes which seldome chaunceth in some within a yeare in some wtin a yere an halfe And we call this desease confirmed when in processe of tyme these accidentes are founde therein namelye swellynges hardnesse pryckyng virulent and corrosyue vlcerations with corruption of the bones payne of the ioyntes and foreheed c. Thus we ende c. ¶ The .iii. Chapter Of the deed euyll or mortmale THe deed euyl as the doctoures of this tyme testify is a maligne fylthy and corrupt scabbe which begynneth for the most part in the armes thyghes legges chefly in the legges it causeth crusty pustles ful of fylthy matter This disease coÌ„meth by the way of coÌ„tagion as wytnesseth rosa anglicana soÌ„tyme of a leprous woman somtyme of a scabby somtyme of a woman which had lately the floures After that this disease is confyrmed as some men saye it is not healed but by a cure palliatiue And this disease is confirmed after a yere and an halfe or there about and therfore it is lyke to the frenche pockes in sygnes causes and cure Concernynge the forsayd medicines as well locall as vniuersall for the cure of the french pockes we toke them of theodorik in the Chapiter of mortmale and in the chapter of the cure of scabbes wherfore before the curation of thys disease we thought it coÌ„uenieÌ„t to wryte a chapter of the frenche pockes for the remedyes of the one agreeth with the other The cause antecedente of this disease for the most parte consysteth in euyll meates and drynkes whiche engendre corrupt humours and ther fore we haue seene sometymes that the forsayde pustles haue become maligne and haue bene turned into cancrenositie whereby also the pustles are somewhat raysed aboue the fleshe wyth the coloure of a mulberye halfe rype And than I scarifyed the place depely vnto the bone and the patient semed to fele nothyng wherfore this disease passeth from cancrena to aschachillos and esthiomenos This disease is engendred of grosse melancholyke and corrupte bloode a signe wherof is blaknesse of pustles Somtyme also it chaunceth that gros and salt steme is mengled with melancholie of which large pustles or scabbes are engeÌ„dred of whyte colour with some blewnesse and moche itchynge The curation of this disease hath two regimentes namely vniuersal perticuler The vniuersall is accomplysshed by losyng of the belly accordynge to the euyll humoure by cuttynge the veyne and by application of bloodesuckers vpon the veynes emorroydall Yf the pustles bene blacke whiche is a sygne of melancholye it must be digested with this syrupe folowing â„ž of the lesse syrupe of fumiterry of the syrupe of the iuce of endyue ana Ê’ v. of oximel symple Ê’ ii of the water of fumiterrye of maydenheere of endiue ana â„¥ i. when the patient hath vsed this syrupe the space of a weke let him take the purgation folowing â„ž of diacatholicon â„¥ i of the confection of hamech Ê’ x. ss make a smal potion wyth the decoction of cordyall floures and frutes addyng of polypodye of hartestonge of maydenheere coddes of sene and epithimi ana a litle and of syrupe of violettes â„¥ i. ss ☞ Here ye shal note that bicause melancholye is erthye therfore it is conuenyent to renewe the digestion and to purge it being digested wyth the forsayde purgation which purgation also ye shall vse often But yf the matter be melancolycke wyth salte fleame let it be thus digested â„ž of syrupe of fumiterrye of oxisaccaruÌ„ of oximel ana â„¥ ss of the water of fumiterrye and maydenheere ana â„¥ i. ss mengle them togyther and lette the patien vse therof the space of a weke when the matter is digested whiche is knowen by the good coloure multitude and some grosnesse of the vryne then let the patient be purged with the purgation folowyng â„ž of diacatholicon and diafinicon ana Ê’ iiii of the confection of hamech â„¥ ss make a small potion with the forsayde decoction addynge of syrupe of violettes â„¥ i. Item pylles of fumiterry and pilles aggregatiue may be somtyme conuenyentlye admynystred in stede of the forsayde purgation Also the incision of the veyne basilica is very good in this case for it purgeth gros blood Morouer bloodsuckers layed vpon the veynes emoroidall ventoses applyed in any place of the bodye hath broughte greate ease in this sycknesse The perticuler remedyes shal be accomplyshed by the admynistratioÌ„ of local medicines I wyl recite certayn remedyes whiche I haue vsed after purgation wyth worshyp and profyte Fyrst I ordeyned the bathe vnderwrytten wherew t I wasshed the scabby places twise a day â„ž dockes fumiterry anÌ„ mÌ„ ii of
that it shal be of greter exiccation or drying put to the forsayd oyntment of lyme thryse washed with rayne water ℥ i. ss of liquide storax ℥ ss and so vse thē Forthermore all meates that engendre grosse brente and colerycke bloode muste be auoyded as grosse flesh pepered and salted meates garlyke mustarde drye fygges c. Somtyme yf the age and strength of the patient wolde suffre it is conuenient to draw blood out of the veyne basilica most often in this case ventoses are to be vsed vpon the shulders armes buttockes and thyghes chefely whā the scab is spred through oute all the body And therefore Auicen aloweth wel the application of ventoses vpō the thighes with scarificatiōs we haue proued moreouer that laying of blood-suckers vpon the emorroidal veines is verye profytable to drawe oute gros melancholy and burned blood Pylles also in this case are greatlye praysed of Auicenne so that one onelye be taken at one tyme. But I was wonte to admynistre the pylles vnderwrytten ℞ of wasshed aloes ℥ i. of pylles of mastik ℥ ii make pylles lyke peason with the iuce of celydonye The receyte of them in hole parsōs is ʒ ss vnto .iii. ℈ Yf ye wyll haue it of a stronger purgation put therunto of pylles of fumiterry ℈ .i. c. ¶ The .v. Chapter Of the paynes of the ioyntes that is of artetik goute in the handes and feete and kneees ¶ To the moost reuerende lorde my lorde Sixtus prest of the Romayne church vicechaunceler of the titule of saynt Peter ad vincula A Passion arthetyke as the aunciente and later wrytters declare is an outwarde payne of the ioynctes caused of abūdaunce of fleume Of the peyne in the ioynctes and sometymes of colerike humours rennyng to the sayd ioynctes And according to the places wherunto the mattier floweth it receyueth sondrye names wherfore when it floweth to the fete it is called podagra when it floweth to the handes it is called chiragra and when it renneth to the knees it is called genugra and when the sayd humours be arriued into the hyppes it causeth the gout called sciatica The payne wherof is extended from the hippe to the lytle too In the goute called Podagra the peyne begynneth about the great too In chiragra about the fore finger or thōbe they whyche haue thys disease lyue in reste and pleasure a riotous lyfe wtout excersice of the body whiche also eate grosse and melancholike meates and pulses as beanes peason Cycers c. wherfore Ypocrates sayeth that the grecians called Helenes were troubled wyth the gout bycause they vsed to eate beanes and peason and other pulse Thys passion moreouer is founde in prelates of the churche in those whych were poore men and afterwarde came to some hye dignitie wherefore they gaue them selfe to slouthfulnes delicate lyuyng wherwyth the ioynctes are wont to be troubled wyth grosse slymye humours thorow euyl digestion wherfore moderate excercise is verye good to auoide this disease idelnes doth the cōtrarye For as yron cankreth when it is not exercised so mannes body thorowe rest is corrupted with euyl humours Neuerthelesse immoderate exercise chiefly vehement walkynge prouoketh the goute in the fete as Arnolde de noua villa doth witnesse sayeng of muche drynkynge of wyne of greate walkynge of often vse of women and by forbearynge of accustomed purgatiōs innumerable persōs become goutie And thys passion cometh by inheritaunce and it is merueylouse peynful chiefly yf it be engendred of a hote cause so that it bryngeth the patiente in despiratiō to a palsy to apoplexia to difficultie of breathyng perturbation of the sences and sodeyne death But the peynes of a goute caused of a colde grosse and slymye mattier be not very greate Howbeit they contynewe longe and therfore Hipocrates sayth that sometyme they are not ended in .xl. dayes But when the mattier is hote they ende in .xiiii. dayes as I haue sene in Iulio secundo I haue often sene that this disease hath proceded of a grosse slymye and chalkye mattier so that the mēbers haue euer remayned croked and knobbye And this kind of the gout receyueth no cure but a palliatyue cure as Ouide sayth Soluere nodosam nescit medicina podagram that is no medicyne can heale the knobbie gout And marueale not yf the peynes of ioynctes procedyng of a hote cause ben greate for as Galene sayeth that humours whyche cause peyne in the handes fete knees or haunches fyl the concauitie or holownes whych is betwene the ioynctes and stretche out the ligamētes muscules and synnowes and thorow that stretchyng a great peyn is caused and no crampe which peynes chaunce for the moost part in the spryng of the yere and in the heruest chiefly in the ioynctes of the fyngers and the toes Cornelius Celsus sayth to thys purpose that the peynes of ioynctes come soner to the toes and fyngers thā to other partes And the thys disease chaunceth not to gelded men nether to yong mē that haue not had copulation with womē nether to women that haue not theyr accustomed purgations reteyned To come to our purpose we ought to consider the cause and the accedentes of the disease And we must know that one kynde of the goute cometh of a colde cause an other of hote And of those the procede of hote mattier some are with great peyne as those which come of pure choler and some ar not of so great peyne they come of choler mēgled with fleume The peynes of the ioynctes procedyng of cold mattier are small moderate but they are hard to heale and dure longer as we haue said and the place where the peyne is is swollen and whyte But if the mattier be hote the place is red and in thys passion there chaunceth often a lytle fieuer whych is wont to ende whē the mattier leaueth his sinnowie places and cometh to the outwarde partes And therfore Galene sayth that in the peynes of the teeth and of the ioynctes it is a good signe For when swellyng chaunceth in the outwarde partes it is a greate token that the mattier hath left his synnewe and is come to the fleshye particule Further we saye that thys disease maye be nombred amonge colde and hote apostemes and therfore there be thre causes therof as antecedent primityue and conioyncte as we haue declared in the treatyse of apostemes The members from whence the mattier of the said peynes procede are diuers for when the mattier is flegma tyke and slymye it cometh from the stomake or from the brayne And yf the mattier be hote that is to say choleryke or sanguine those humours procede alwaye from the lyuer And so sayeth Anicenne declarynge that thys disease procedeth of the superfluitie of the seconde and thyrde digestion And the mēbers that receiue this mattier are the ioynctes But Anicēne deuideth these causes .iii. maner waies Fyrste into a cause efficient which hath humours Secōdly into a cause instrumētall and
those are the waies and condittes by whyche the mattier cometh to the ioynctes The thyrde cause is the partes receyuyng namely the ioynctes weakned by nature or by some other chaunce Naturally wheÌ„ they ben prepared by enheritauÌ„ce to the ioyncte accidentally bycause the patient hathe suffred a strocke in the ioynctes or an aposteme or hathe vsed the euyl diete aforesayd we haue declared sufficientlye the causes and signes Cure of goutes now we wil come to the cure The cure of thys disease hath thre intentions The fyrst is diete the seconde purgation of the mattier antecedent the thirde is local medicines and remouing of the accidentes For the fyrst intention it is necessary to vse meates that engeÌ„der good bloode as flesh of byrdes chyckyns veale byrdes of the mountaynes as pertriches fesauntes c. Hys wyne muste be claret delayed wyth sodden water yf he the hath the disease wolde vse soddeÌ„ water with hony it shulde be very profitable and might kepe of the goute from comynge to hym In the declaration of the disease the patient maye vse wyne with the sayd water or with the decoction of cinamome All herbes rootes and all kyndes of poulse that engender troublous and grosse blood are to be forborne whith all diligence in this sicknes And likewise all kindes of flesh that engender grosse blood and melaÌ„cholike as bief porke byrdes of the ryuers c. But although herbes be forbiden yet spynache betes lettuse parcelye soden with conuenient fleshe maye be permitted And also the patient maye vse Rice almondes cleane barlye in the broth of the foresayd kyndes of fleshe A notable phisicion Hugo de Senis couÌ„celeth in thys disease procedynge of a colde mattier to vse sage rosemarye spike wyth a lytle cynamome nutmeges for it digesteth grosse mattier and comforteth the sinnowes But al pepered thynges and salte and hote thynges as garlyke oynyons radysh rocket and all sharpe and tarte thynges muste be auoyded and lykewyse all kyndes of Colewortes and rapes wheÌ„ the matter the causeth the gout is hote the wyne must be more delayed wyth water than wheÌ„ the mattier is cold and the diete must be more cold in herbes and fleshe and a lytle more subtyle And the patient must absteyn from eles and such fyshes Howbeit he maye eate sometymes carpes roches perches Furthermore he must absteyne froÌ„ al see fysh except those that haue redde fleshe and small bodyes The seconde entention is accoÌ„plyshed by the administration of purgations and digestions accordynge to the disposition of the humours for yf the mattier be hote and chieflye coleryke thys digestiue folowyng is conuenient R. of a syrupe of roses by infusion ana Ê’ vi of water of buglosse hoppes endyue ana â„¥ i. geue it the patient twyse a daye Yf the mattier be sanguine and the goute in the haÌ„des ye shal cutte the veyne basilica If the goute be in the feete ye shall cutte the veyne called hepatica or the comune veyne of the arme on the same side If it be a sciatica the comune veyne of the contrary arme shal be cutte In the state of the disease for the euacuation of the mattier conioynct ye maye open the veyne called saphena on the same side For Celsus saith that the cuttynge of a veyne in the begynnynge of thys disease kepeth the patient that he be not vexed wyth the goute for euer or at the leste the space of a yere When the mattier is sanguine digest it wyth thys syrupe R. of a syrupe of the iuyce of endyue of syrupe of roses made by infusion of the lesse syrupe of fumiterre anÌ„ â„¥ ss of the waters of endyue hoppes and fumitery anÌ„ â„¥ i. or make it thus Recipe of syrupe de besantiis of syrupe of roses by infusion and of syrupe of endyue anÌ„ â„¥ ss of waters of endyue buglosse and fumiterry anÌ„ â„¥ i. But yf the mattier be mengled with fleume then the digestiue shal be after thys sorte R. of syrupe of the iuyce of endyue of sirupe de duabus radicibus without vinayger of the lesse syrupe of fumiterry anÌ„ â„¥ ss of the waters of endyue fumiterry and fenell ana â„¥ i. But yf the mattier be vtterly colde and grosse than thys digestion folowynge is moost conuenient R. of syrupe de duabus radicibus wythout vinaygre of hony of â—â—ses streyned of oximel ana â„¥ ss of the waters of fenell sage rosemary ana â„¥ i. and let it be spiced wyth a lytle cynamome nutmegges in the winter After the coleryke mattier is digested by the space of sixe dayes at the leste then ye shall vse this purgation R. of chosen manna â„¥ i. of an electuary of the iuyce of Roses â„¥ ss make a smal potion with the decoction of cordial floures frutes or make it thus R. of diaprunis noÌ„ solutiui â„¥ i. of the electuary of iuyce of roses of electuary of roses after the description of Mesue anÌ„ Ê’ ii make a small potion wyth the foresaid decoction An other way R. of the pylles of harmodactiles the lesse after Mesue ℈ ii of pilles assagereth Ê’ ss make .v. pylles wyth the water of endyue and let the patient take them an houre before daye and lette hym fast sixe houres after an hour after dynner he may slepe a litle hour yf he haue great lyste to slepe If the mattier be saÌ„guine the purgation folowyng is very conuenient R. of diacatholicon of cassia ana â„¥ ss of an electuarie of roses after Mesue Ê’ iii. make a small potion wyth the comon decoction or thus R. of an electuary of roses after Mesue ℈ iiii make a lozenge wyth sugre and let the patitient take it an houre before day with the foresayd prouiso But yf the mattier be meÌ„gled that is to saye yf it be hote and colde for the purgation therof we muste vse medicynes that haue mengled vertues of whyche thys maye be one R. of diafinicon of cassia ana â„¥ ss of electuary of roses Ê’ ii make a small potion wyth the foresayd decoctioÌ„ or ye may make it thus R. of diacatholicon diafinicoÌ„ ana â„¥ ss of an electuarie of roses after Mesue Ê’ i. ss make a smal potioÌ„ with the water of fenel buglosse and smaâ—ge addyng of syrupe of violettes â„¥ â—orthus R. of the pilles of hermodac tiles the greater and the lesse ana Ê’ ss of agaryke made in trosciskes ℈ i. make .v. pilles wyth the water of endyue and fenel which the patient shal receyue an houre before daye as is aforesayd Furthermore yf the mattier be vtterly colde and grosse it shall be thus purged R. diafinicon Ê’ vi diacatholicon â„¥ ss of agaryke in trociskes Ê’ ss make a smal potion wyth the decoction of damaske prunes mayden heare pollitricuÌ„ gallitricuÌ„ cordiall floures addyng syrupe of violettes â„¥ i. or make it thus R. pilles of hermodactiles the greater Ê’ i. make .v. pilles with water of sage and rosemary whych the patient shal vse as is aforesayd The thyrde
plantayne Ê’ iij. ss of the wyne of pomegranades Ê’ ij of honye of roses Ê’ vi of sarcocolle Ê’ i. ss of vynegre squillityke â„¥ ss of the leaues of wylde olyues somewhat stamped mÌ„ ss lette them be sodden altogether excepte the liciuÌ„ the hony of roses theÌ„ strayne them let them sethe againe with hony of roses licium tyll .ij. partes of .iij. be consumed rubbe the guÌ„mes wyth thys coÌ„position for it fasteneth the tethe remoueth putrefaction comforteth the synowes that come to the rootes of the tethe And yf a more desiccatiue medicine be requyred ye shal vse vngueÌ„tum egiptiacum of the descriptioÌ„ of AuiceÌ„ne for it hath vertue to remoue the euyll fleshe and to conserue the good Nowe that we haue declared the passions of the tethe the causes ther of we wyll teache wyth what remedyes the sayd dyseases may be remoued for as Galene sayth the payne of the tethe is the greatest of all paynes that kylleth not the pacient Besyde the syxe causes aforenamed the payne of the teth may come of wormes which are engendred in the holowes of the same by apostemacion of the ligamentes of the gummes but nowe we wyl come to practise Ye maye knowe whether the matter be hote or colde by administration of medicines vpon the tethe yf the matter be hote the payne seaseth by the application of colde thynges Contrarywyse yf the payne be colde the patient is eased with the application of hote thynges The cure To the cure of the sayd dysease ther be .iij intentions requyred The fyrst is ordynaunce of dyete the seconde purgation of the matter antecedente the iij. application of sondrye locall medicines Fyrst the patient muste absteyne from all meates that sone putrifye in the stomacke as fyshe grosse fleshe salted from al whyte meates chease c. And he muste vse meates of easye dygestion that engender good blood Hys wyne muste be of good odoure myngled wyth sodden water After refection he muste pycke hys teeth and clense them that no rotenes be engendred therin The seconde entention whyche is to purge the matter antecedeÌ„t is thus accoÌ„plished when the matter is hote Mesue coÌ„maundeth to cut the vayne cephalica or in the stede therof to laye ventoses vpon the shulder or vpoÌ„ the necke Item sacrifycation of the gommes application of bloodsuckers is a present remedy in thys case to cause the payne to cease incoÌ„tinently These medicines folowynge purge the matter that causeth the payne Namelye an electuary of roses after Mesue an electuarye of psilium cassia diacatholicon pylles of reubarbe pylles of assagereth medicines that purge colde grosse matter are these diafinicon hiera with agarike pylles sine quibê° and pylles cochye But pylles of fumiterrye and agaryke purge myngled matter so doth cassia diacatholicoÌ„ The thyrde inteÌ„tion is accoÌ„plyshed by the administration of sondrye remedyes vpon the place Fyrst yf the matter be hote yt maye conueniently vse the wyne of pomegranades with the water of plantayne a lytle vynegre sodden wyth sumach roses floures of pomegranades a lytle licium Item to the same enteÌ„tion it auaileth much to washe the mouthe wyth thys decoction â„ž of the rootes of tapsus barbatus hauynge whyte leaues mÌ„ i. of roses of barlye of sumach ana mÌ„ ss of tormentille brayed of the seed of henbane brayed ana Ê’ ij of all the saunders ana Ê’ i. of lettuse mÌ„ ij of the tender croppes of brambles of the leaues of wylde olyues and of myrtilles anÌ„ mÌ„ i. let theÌ„ be al soddeÌ„ together with .iiij. pound of rayne water and a lytle vynegre and a lytle wyne of pomegranades vntyl halfe be consumed holde thys decoctioÌ„ in the mouth for it swageth payne maruelously An other decoction â„ž of the leaues of plantayne of lettuse of lingua passerina or knotgrasse of sorell of nyghtshade ana mÌ„ ss of sumach Ê’ iiij clene barlye mÌ„ i. let them seeth all together tyl the barlye breake and put thervnto of vynegre â„¥ ij of syrupe of roses by infusion of diameron ana â„¥ i. ss wyth the skynne of an addre lette them seeth agayne tyll halfe be consumed then strayne them and vse the decoction as is aforesayd for it swageth the payne commynge of an hote cause in the teeth Auicenne sayeth that to washe the mouth with vynegre of the decoction of an adders skinne appeaseth the tothache through a certayne proprietie that is therin I haue proued .ij. partes of the wyne of pomegranades wyth the sayd medicine it hath succeded well Item to washe the mouthe wyth the decoction of a frogge sodden in vynegre and water as Rasis afyrmeth is a good remedye agaynst the tothe ache It is profytable sometymes to vapour out the matter to prouoke it to the outwarde partes that it may leue the synowy partes come to the fleshie And therfore Galen sayeth that swellynge of the chekes in the toth ache is a sygne that the payne wyll cease for then the matter leaueth the synowe coÌ„meth to the fleshe for the euaporation wherof I euer vsed this ordinauÌ„ce â„ž of the leaues of lettuse violettes ana mÌ„ ss of clene barly somewhat broken mÌ„ i. of raysons of iuiubes noÌ„bre xx of the rootes of langdebefe clene piked â„¥ ij of lycorice Ê’ vi of the croÌ„mes of breade â„¥ i. sethe them altogether with sufficieÌ„t quantitie of rayne water tyll ij partes of .iij. be coÌ„sumed theÌ„ strayne them put to the straynyng of syrupe of violettes â„¥ iiij Ye shall often washe the mouthe therwyth for it easeth payne by suppuration of the matter or swellyng of the place Yf ye put fygges and dates to thys decoctioÌ„ whyle it dothe sethe it maye be well permytted agaynst a colde matter Item agaynst the paynes of the tethe caused of a hote matter ye may conueniently vse the seed of henbane brayed wyth a lytle sandrake and a lytle coriander a lytle opium incorporated all together wyth a lytle vynegre Ye maye make this ordinauÌ„ce after the maner of a trocyske or a bagge and in a lyquide forme and laye it vpon the sore place Ther be many whych saye the vyneegre hurteth the teeth whose opininion is to be refused for as Galene sayeth the medicines of the tethe whether they be repercussiue or resolutiue muste be of stronge penetration or percyng bycause of the hardnes of the sayd tethe wherfore all the wrytters make theyr medicines wyth stroÌ„ge vynegre And Auicenne sayeth Vynegre that vynegre is a comon medicine for al matters affirmynge that the coldnes of vynegre is sone taken away wyth other medicynes myngled therwyth neuerthelesse hys cuttynge depe percynge remayne whych .ij. qualities are necessarie in thys case Therfore GalieÌ„ sayeth by the authoritie of Alchigenis that vynegre is an excellent medicine to heale the tothe ache coÌ„maundeth to myngle vynegre with galles to applie the same vpoÌ„ the painful place wheÌ„
heale And therfore AuiceÌ„ne saith that if it be not restored quyâ—kely humours maye be deryued to the place and rotte the member As touchynge the restauration the doctoures are of sondrye opynyons but commonlye the later writers teach .ii. wayes of restauration The fyrste is the waye of Albucrasis which is vniuersal to all dislocations of the hippes chefly whan ye knowe not in whyche side the dislocation is it is after this sort Ye must tie the pacient to some pyller or other stronge thing with a double towel bounde vnder his armes flanckes and also of the other side ye muste tie to his knee an other towell discending downward toward the in step which done at ones the paciente must be so stretched on euerye syde that he may seme to hang from the ground in the tyme of the stretching the master must enbrace the ioynt with hys handes mouing the hippe hither and thither til he perceaue that it is come to his proper place which thing is knowen by the seasinge of paine by the equalitie of the other legge And though this meane be comon to al dislocatioÌ„s yet it is chefely good in a dislocation of the inner and outewarde parte The second way is this Ye must set the pacient al along vpon a table longer then the pacient and set a barre at both endes Than ye muste bynde the pacient vnder the flankes with a towel crossewayes ouer the belly drawinge it vp ye must tye it to the barre wyth annother towel ye must bynde the legge aboue the knee crossewyse wyndyng it often tymes ouer the legge vnto the heele and ye muste tye it to the tother barre and ye must stretch oute the pacient with pinnes put betwene the towel and the barre turning and wrestyng the same on euery syde tyll the mayster maye set the ioynt in hys place wyth hys handes Another maner of byndyng Ye muste bynde the pacyente vnder the armes vnto a barre wyth a towell and hys hyppe wyth another towell to a presse for thys wyse all dislocatyons of the hyppe maye be restored so that they be newe After the restauration of the sayde dyslocations ye shall vse the remedies wrytten in the vnyuersall chapyter of fractures But yf thys dyslocation come of a cause antecedente for the restauration thereof the olde wryters prayse an actual cauterye to drye vp the superfluos moysture After that the ioynt is returned into hys place it is ryghte profitable to vse a splente of woode wrapped with hurdes frome the out warde parte of the hyppe vnto the insteppe byndyng it crossewyse accordyngelye and thys apparell muste not be chaunged but euerye syxte daye The restauration is accomplyshed in .xxx. dayes The .viii. chapter of the dislocacion of the panne or rowell of the knee ⸫ THe ioint of the knee as Haliabbas sayeth may be dysplaced on euerye side excepte the former parte for the panne or rounde boone suffereth it not to be there The restauration herof is finished as we haue often declared in other chapters that is to saye by stretchynge the legge and addressynge the boones into the ioyntes wyth handes whan the panne of the knee is onelye oute of the ioynte lette the pacyente set vpon a bench and put hys foote vpon the grounde and then let the mayster set the pan in his place pressynge it strongelye wyth hys handes and afterwarde lette the place be plaistred wyth a playster of myldust and wyth stoupes than bynde it and putte cloutes vnder the hamme that the knee bowe not For the confyrmamation of the ioynte ye shall applye some of the remedies wrytten in the former chapyters And it is good to splente the knee frome restauratyon vnto the .xii. day And ye shall remoue the apparel euery thyrde daye The pacyente maye not goo vppon hys legge tyll it be perfytelye healed for as Auycenne sayth the knee is sone put out of ioynte c. The .ix. chapter of dyslocation of the heele and of the toes ⸫ THe hee le is sometyme dysplaced with a complete dyslocation and some tymes it is onlye separate or sondred The dyslocation of it can not chaunce but in the former or hynder parte and it maye be knowen by the swellynge of that syde where the heele is dysplaced The ioyntes of the toes are soone dysplaced and soone restored For the restauration of the heele boone whan it is throughly dysplaced nedeth gret stretchynge and thrustynge downe vpon the sayde dislocation But yf it be onelye separated it nedeth not greate stretchynge or compression but it may be redressed wyth the handes onelye The restauration shal be accomplyshed as it foloweth that is to sape The maner of restoring the heele ye muste haue two mynisters of whyche one must holde the fote and the other the knee and they muste stretche oute the legge together and than the mayster muste returne the boone into hys place and after restauratyon ye shall applye the remedies wrytten in the former chapter and it muste be bound discretelye not to harde for therby the synowes of the foote maye be hurted For the restauration of the toes ye shall procede as we haue sayde of the fyngers Here ye shal note thys one thynge that after the bone of the heele is redressed the patieÌ„t walke not the space of .xl. dayes for after restauration the foote abydeth paynefull a longe season by reason of the multytude of the bones synowes and ligamentes And therfore to swage the payne and resolue the matter that causethe it to comforte the place it is ryght conueniente to vse the ordinaunce vnderwrytten after the maner of a cerote â„ž of the rootes of holihocke sodden Cerote to swage payne and stamped â„¥ ss of the rootes of enula campana of salomoÌ„s seale in lyke maner sodden and staÌ„ped â„¥ iij. of oyle of camomill roses and myrte of euery one â„¥ i. ss of agrippa and dialthea of euery one Ê’ vi of oyle mastyke â„¥ ss of erthe wormes washed wyth wyne â„¥ i. ss of camomil roses wormewood squinantum of rosemarye floures of euery one a litle of odoriferous wyne one cyathe let them seeth all together tyl the wyne be consumed then streyne them and adde to the streynynge of beane floure and barlye floure well bulted of redde pouder ana Ê’ v. of saÌ„guis draconis of mumia ana Ê’ iij. of saffran Ê’ i. of all the sandres Ê’ i. ss of moste clere terebentyne â„¥ i. Agayne make a softe cerote wyth sufficiente whyte waxe and the forsayde streynynge accordynge to arte whyche is a greate medicine in all wrestynges and attritions of lacertes And thus endeth the booke of fractures and dyslocations in the name of God who be blessed foreuer and euer AMEN Here beginneth the seuenth booke of mayster Iohn de Vigo of the nature of simples COnsyderynge the great vtilitie that commeth by the knowlege of simple medicines I thought it good to make a particuler boke of the same beynge comunelye
vi mengle them and make as it were an electuarye with honye of roses and a syrupe of vyolettes the receyte of it is from .vi. ʒ to ℥ i. Celedony is hoote and drye in the thyrde degree the vertue thereof is put in colliries to sharpinne the sighte The iuce of it put into the teeth causeth them fal within a certayn space as some reaporte The roote is of lesse exiccation or drying and it hath vertue to drawe and to resolue and therfore the sayde roote brayed and sprynkled with vynegre and holden in the teeth healeth the toth ache cōmynge of a colde cause Catapucia or spurge is hote in the thyrde and moyst in the seconde and it hath vertu to purge fleme melācholy choler therfore the decoctiō therof with mercury polipody doder borage reisins damaske prunes soddē in the broth of an henne and spyced wyth a lytle cinamome purgeth al rawe slymye flegmatyke and melancholycke humours chefely if it be takē fasting wyth syrupe and honye of Roses Furthermore the poudre of spurge taken with a lytle cynamome in a rere egge or in the broth of an henne purgeth grosse fleame myghtely and wythoute payne wherfore the vse thereof is good for the conseruacyon of the health of the bodye Canabus or hempe is hote and drye in the seconde and the seede is dryer and therfore it hath vertue to breake wynde Coperose is hoote and drye in the fourth and therfore it is corosyue Consolida or comfery is hote and drye with temperate heate and slymy moysture and therfore being chewed it taketh awaye the drynesse of the mouth and both the consolidaes that is to saye comferye and dasies haue vertue to consounde woundes Some say that comferye brayed bytwene two stones by a diuyne myracle kylleth anthrax Howbeit they ar both of one vertue Cantharides are lyke the greater flyes but that theyr bodyes be longer of grene colour and they ben hoote and drye in the thyrde degree and haue vertue to burne and to blyster Castoreum is hoote and drye in the seconde it hathe vertue to comforte synnowye places and therfore his oyle is good for the crampe Capitellum whiche is made of lye of Frenche sope is hote and drye in the fourth it burneth and cauteriseth as it were fyre Item capitelle made thycke at the fyre in a brasse banne wyth a lytle vitrioll romayne breaketh all Apostemes in cauterysynge Cinis or asshes is of hoote and drye complexion but of more or lesse excesse accordynge to the nature of the woode wherewyth it is made it hath vertue to drye and to scoure Chese beinge fresshe hath vertue to consounde but olde chese is cōtrarye Crassula is colde in the thyrde and moyste in the seconde and therfore it quencheth inflāmations and is very repercussiue and the iuce thereof with the iuce of lettuse oyle of roses and the whyte of an egge beaten all togyther easeth Herisipelas and healeth the chafynges of the priuye mēbres and is good agaynst scaldynge Cressoni or water cresses ben hote and drye in the second they open and perce and when they bene eaten with oyle and vinegre they prouoke vrine and they are agreable to some mennes taste Cumyn is hote in the thyrde and drye in the seconde It hath vertue to resolue and to breake grosse wyndynesse and when it is mengled wyth waxe with oyle of camomyll and of myrte with the iuce of radyshe and a lytle iuyce of wormewoode it resolueth deed blood that remayneth vnder the skynne throughe a bruse and it healeth easelye the blacknesse and blewnesse of the eye lyddes whē they come of a primitiue cause Carduus benedictus hath vertues that coole and bynde The leaues and floures sodden in swete wyne wyth sapa resolue the swellynge of the stones and the sayde carduus benedictus healeth all vlcers of the fūdament Item the iuce of it is conuenyentlye putte into oyntmentes agaynst woundes Galene sayth that carduus benedictus hathe vertue inflatiue or puffynge vp and that it is moderately percynge Dytany is hote and drye in the thyrd and it is good gaynst the stingyng of venemous thynges howe soeuer it be admynystred and therfore Virgil sayth that deere being wounded by venimous arowes naturallye seke out dytanye whiche they eate rubbe the wounded place therewith and so recouer health The decoction folowyng taken in drynke hath gret vertue in all percyng woundes in the brest and fystles ℞ sufficient quantitie of the rootes of dytany of auens of mugwort of mouseare of ielosioures of red coolewortes of threleafed grasse seth thē with the wyne of pomgranades and let thē be made swete with a syrupe de duabus radicibus Daucus or frenche persnepes or as some thynke yelow carattes bē hote and drye in the thyrde degre Theyr vertue is to drawe to loose to consume and to prouoke vryne ELeborus albus or whyte elebore is hote and drye in the thyrde hath vertue to purge fleme but the blacke purgeth melancholy and in old tyme they were vsed in purgatiōs bycause the bodyes were then stronger and myght sustayne stronger purgatiōs But nowe in stede therof we vse scamonie neyther can the other be vsed wythout euydent daunger The iuce of elebore mēgled with swynes grese and oyle of mastyke and laurell with a lytle quycksyluer quenched and a lytle litarge which all must be incorporate after the fourme of a liniment healeth all scabbes of harde curatiō chefely after a bathe of the decoction of mallowes vyolettes barly brāne fumyterrye and apples Item the sayde linimente mengled with terebentine is good agaynst all morphewes and scalles Enula campana is hoote and drye in the seconde degree the roote thereof sodden wyth holyhocke and Salomons seale and a lytle wormwod which all afterwarde must be stamped and strayned and ye must make a styffe playster with sapa beane floure branne and melilote addyng of oyle of roses camomyll and myrt an̄ ℥ ii The roote I saye thus ordeyned resolueth marueylouslye contusyons and attritions of muscles and lacertes and wrestynge of synowes after the fyrst dayes ben passed and it swageth payne Item it may be admynistred in goutes of the feete and of the iointes Fynally the vertue of it how so euer it be admynystred easeth the passyons of the herte and of the stomacke Esula or rounde spurge is hote and drye in the thyrde hys vertue is to purge melancholie and fleme and it draweth vp the rootes of wartes and dryeth them Epatica or lyuer worte is colde and drye in the fyrst The leues of it stamped and sodden in the wyne of pomegranades wyth barlye floure wyth whyte saunders and with oile of roses omphacyne disperse dryue backe and resolue a hote aposteme of the lyuer And a decoctiō of the same made with garden endyue and wild endyue and a lytle maydenheer and a lytle cicorie sodden in water and suger and a lytle wyne of pomegranades healeth the lyuer when it is distempered in heate Ebulus or walwurte is hote and drye it
dissolue liquide pytch shippe pitch are conuenientlye put into oyntmentes for colde vlcers Purcelane is colde in the thyrde and moyste in the seconde The iuyce therof hathe vertue and proprietye to plucke vp wartes being rubbed therwythall And moreouer it stoppeth the flowynge of hote humours And whan it is put into playsters for flegmon and herisipelas it defendeth putrefaction and finallye it healeth the congelation of the teeth Pinguedo anatis or duckes grese is hoote and moyste and excedeth all other in swagynge peyne wyth mollification Peper is hote in the fourth and dry in the seconde it draweth notablye in dissoluynge and consumeth through hys drynes Prunes be colde and drye and the meate of them sodden in a brothe of fleshe wyth a quynce or a warden or buttyre is good for hote apostemes of the fundament and of the yarde And yf ye put therunto barlye floure wyth the yolkes of egges and a lytle saffraÌ„ it wyl be a singuler remedy Pomegranades are sondrye some be swete some other sower The sower are colde and drye in the seconde The sweete are colde and moyste in the fyrst The iuyce of them both stamped wyth theyr ryndes and sodden wyth as much honie of roses and the leaues of wylde olyues somwhat brused cureth perfytlye the vlceres of the nosethrylles and of the mouthe The graynes of them confort the stomake vsed moderatelye Otherwyse they hurt the same The wyne of pomegranades takeÌ„ after repast kepeth meate from corruption Item when they be sodden in the ryndes stamped and made after the fourme of a playster they are excellent remedies at the begynnynge for al hote apostemes Populus or the popler tree is cold and drye in the thyrde It is repercussyue and stupefactyue yf ye rubbe the nosethrilles and temples wyth the iuyce therof And the oyntment called populeon mengled wyth the whyte of an egge oyle of violettes and oyle of popie abateth the heate of a chafed yarde and swageth the peyne Popye is colde and drye in the second and therfore it astonyeth moderatelye Psilium is colde and moyste in the seconde and hathe vertue to represse choleryke apostemes and therfore in the begynning augmentation of the same it is a good reê‘cussiue ministred in the fourme of a muscillage Item the muscilage of psilium beaten wyth oyle of Roses omphacyne wyth an oyntmente of roses and the iuyce of lettuce made after a playster or linimente healeth herisipelas The inner parte of thys sede is hote and drye in the thyrde and therfore hathe vertue to burne to chafe the outwarde part cooleth and souppleth Papirus is colde and drye wyth familier repercussion therfore when it is weted wyth water of roses oyle of Roses and aplyed vpon the legges it reteyneth deriuation of humours Psidia is colde in the seconde and dry in the thyrd it hath vertue to dry cicatrise and restrayne Polium montauum is hote in the seconde drye in the thyrde it hath vertue to sesolue coÌ„sume and to prouoke vryne Petroleum is hote and drye in the thyrde and more beynge sodden with philosophers oyle terebentyne earth wormes and the iuyce of walworte it is a merueylous medicyne agaynst the peynes of sciatica and other goutes Pinguedo or grese is hote moist more or lesse accordyng to the nature of beastes and it hathe vertue to rype and mollifye and swageth peyne Palma is hote and colde in the seconde Pentaphillon or cynkefoyle drieth vehemently howbeit it hath no manifest hotnes Pineole or the kernelles of a pinaple are hote and moyste and bene of greate nouryshmente The ryndes of them bene colde drye and stiptike Plumbum is colde and moyste in the seconde and it is good agaynste maligne and cankerouse vlcers and hathe a meruelouse prerogatyue to resolue the hardnes and lyppes of the said vlcers through a certeyn vnknoweÌ„ vertue Plates of lead bound fast vpon knobbes resolue them maruelouslye Peaches bene colde in the seconde and drie in the fyrst Dioscorides sayeth that they conforte the stomake Serapion saith that the leaues of peches are abstersyue and resolutyue and thorowe theyr bytternes haue strengthe to kylle wormes Peches be of harde digestion and yf they be eaten afore meate they prepare awaye for other thynges to passe out but yf they be eaten after meate they are easely corrupted howebe it they are rectifyed wyth good wyne Pellis castrati or the skynne of a wether newely flaine is good for strypes and brusing of the entrayles and of the bellye procedynge by a fal and sometyme it restoreth the patiente in one daye resoluynge and consuming the bloode that is out of the veynes Piretrum is hote and drye in the thyrde it hathe vertue to drawe and to heate and therfore holdeÌ„ vnder the teeth it healeth the toeth ache procedynge of a colde cause yf it be fyrste mollified wyth vinaygre Pionye is hote and drye in the seconde the seede of it caried about the necke wyth the roote preserueth enfantes from the epilepsia or fallynge sycknes Item when it is poudred wyth sage rosemarye and maierum and geuen to drynke with hydromell or methe it healeth the epilepsia or at the lest swageth it Percelye is hote and drye in the seconde it prouoketh vryne The roote of it is of harde digestion howebeit it styrreth vp appetite and the leaues confort the stomake And yf it be meÌ„gled with fenell water cresses bawme Myrte Rue in lytle quantitie wyth floures of rosemarye pympernell borage lettuse in equal portioÌ„ making a salet of it wyth swete oyle and vinaygre it styrreth vp appetyte effectuouslye Paritarye is hote and drye in the thyrde and the seed is colde and drye wyth stipticitye and when it is fryed wyth buttyre and eaten it maketh the stone to come oute of the raynes the blader Item parietarye heated in a panne wyth a lytle wine and percelye leaues and water cresses and applyed vpon the bone ouer the priuy members prouoketh vryne And yf ye seeth it wyth malowes Roses mugworte branne husked beanes and stamped sodden agayne wyth sapa tyll they be thycke It shulde be a good playster for attrition and brusynge of the lacertes and muscules REsina pini or rosin of pynaple tree and almoost all other rosins haue vertue to heate and bene mundyficatiue and dissolutyue and mynystred in oyntmentes they heate and drye colde vlcers and produce flesh in woundes of stronge bodyes Roses ben colde in the fyrst and drye in the seconde and are moche vsed in oyntmentes syrupes other confections Rosemarye is hote and drye in the thyrde it resolueth and mundifieth with coÌ„fortation the floure is called authos which hath vertue to clarifye the syghte Item it hathe vertue to resolue and mundifye with coÌ„fortation Rue is hoote and drye in the thyrde and hathe vertue to consume wynde and the iuce of it is put in coliryes to helpe the dymnesse of the syght Radysh is hote and drye in the seconde the rymme of it taken in a lytle quantitie aydeth
sodden in the brothe of fleshe it maye be vsed with oyle and pepper for it sharpeneth the syght Pastyes or pyes are seldome to be vsed Item muschrymes of all kyndes are to be auoyded If ye chaunce to vse them ye must seth them in water wyth leekes and afterwarde frye thē wyth organye and pepper All kyndes of fyshe except see fysh and skalye fysshe and all frutes that lyghtly be corrupted in the stomake muste be eaten in small quantitie The best among them are these grapes fygges prunes rype peches peres and apples of good sente These thynges my sonne Aluisius shal suffyce for preseruation of thy healthe yf thou remembre to kepe a moderation in slepe that is to saye that thou slepe not past .vii. or eyght houres and that in the nyght and not in the daye c. ¶ The .ii. Chapter Of Flebothomye and ventoses FLebothomye as the doctours testify is a good euacuation of humours and surer than a purgation receyued by the mouth for it lyeth in the chirurgyens wyll to emptye euyl blood and kepe in the good by closynge of the veyne And it is a synguler remedye to heale diseases procedynge of aboundaunce of bloode of euyll qualitie as Arnoldus de villa noua declareth gyuynge a good definition of the same Flebotomie and sayinge Flebothomye is the cuttynge of a veyne purgynge bloode and humours rennynge therewithall Here ye shall obserue a generall rule whiche is that ye purge the bellye wyth a lenitiue clyster before ye vse flebothomye lest the emptye veynes be fylled wyth euyl vapours ascendynge from dregges and noughtye humours The lettynge of blood must neyther be to aboundaunte nor to smalle for yf it be to aboundaunt the strengthe of the pacyent shall be weaked yf it be to smalle the disease shall not be cured Howbeit it is better to fall in to lytle then in to moch wherfore Auicenne sayeth that we must auoyde that we brynge not the patient to one of these two infirmyties that is to saye to the boylynge oute of colerycke humours or to the rawnesse of colde humours Rasis sayeth that flebothomye vsed in due tyme mayntayneth health and defēdeth diseases It semeth conuenient to cut a veyne the seconde or thyrde day of the sycknesse but it is better to renewe flebothomye than to let oute moche blood at ones for lyfe consistteth in blood Flebotomye preseruatyue maye not be vsed in wynter nother in somer but in the spryng of the yere and in haruest Antonius Gaynerius saythe that whan yong menne ben infected with the pestilence they muste be let blood aboundantlye for so the venemouse matter maye be soone purged and the pacient healed But ye shal note that as flebothomye duly vsed is the cause of many commodities so if it be vsed out of season and inordinately beside that it weakeneth nature it bringeth many diseases as the dropsye c. Wherfore we muste procede discretelye If flebothomye be vsed for the remouynge of some disease a lenytyue clyster muste go before and the nexte daye ye must cut a veyne afterward ye must geue an other medicine of gentle solution The doctoures assigne many vtilities of flebothomy The first is to emtye all humours the seconde to turne matter frome place to place the thrid to drawe the fourth to alter the fifte to preserue the bodye that it fal not in to some disease the syxt to lyghten the patient wherof Galene speketh sayeng If the patientes age and strengthe wyll suffer it is verye good to cut a veyne not onelye in continuall feauers but in all diseases commyng of rotten humours Howebeit flebothomy must not onely be vsed because of multitude of humours but also because of the foresayd vtilities and for the intemperance of diseases The in temperaunce of a disease as Galene sayeth is accordynge to .iii. thynges that is to say accordyng to the principalitie of the greued parte according to the actiuitie of the disease accordyng to the euyll qualytie and disposition of the same Seynge that we haue shewed the vtylyties of flebotomye we wylle nowe declare what veynes are wont to be cutte A declaration of the order of phlebotomye and whan persones maye endure the cuttynge of theym Those whyche maye endure flebothomy are menne of strong and sanguyne complexion hauyng ample and large veynes Contrary wyse weake and pale personnes can not susteyne flebothomye neyther chyldren before they be twelue nor olde menne after .lxx. yere olde excepte great necessitie requyre it Howebeit Auenzoar dyd lette his sonne bloode at thre yeare olde The veynes whyche are wont commonly to be opened are these fyrst the veynes of the forhead agaynste the dysease ophtalmia and the mygryme to heale greatte peynes in the heade and the frenesye and a leprye not confyrmed The .ii. veynes whiche are founde in the necke are sometyme cut to auoyde humours and rewmes The veyne aboute the nosthrilles is commonly cutte to recouer lost hearynge and to purge the humours of the head Item the .ii. veynes whych are within the mouthe are cutte agaynste skalles and pustules in the heade and agaynst peynes of the teth and of the iawes Also it amendethe heuynes of the head and dyseases of the mouthe and of the throte The veyne of the lyppes beyng cut easeth apostemes of the throte and of the gummes The veyne that is in the toppe of the nose is cut agaynste heuynesse of the head and droppyng of the eyes The two veynes vnder the tongue are cutte for the passions of the throte chyefly for the quynce to purge the matter conioncte The veyne betwene the lytle fynger the ryng fynger is opened for the diseses of the mylt and quartayne feuers The veyne called cephalica is cutte in the hande agaynst the passions of the heade and the eyes at the begynnynge in the contrarye parte and in the state on the same syde that the matter conioyncte maye be purged The veyne called Cardiaca or mediana is cut agaynst passions of the harte The veyne called Basilica or epatica is ordeyned for the passions of the lyuer and in them that haue quarteyne feuers The veyne called Saphena whyche is in the insteppe is wonte to be cutte agaynst the payne in the hyppes and agaynst inflammation and a postemes of the stones and the matrice and to prouoke the floures The veyne called sciatica which is in the outward parte of the fote is opened agaīst the dysease called also sciatica The veynes behynd the eares are opened agaīst apostemes of the eyes and to amende remembraunce and mundifye pustles and spottes of the face The veynes of the tēples are opened to swage greate payne of the eyes and to heale the dysease called Ophtalmia And whē they ben opened the heade muste be bound diligentlye The veynes emoroidall are opened or haue leches applyed vnto them to purge melancholyke humours and to preserue the body from leprye canker scabbes mortmale vertigo and melancholia And therfore Hipocrates
or such as purge rotteÌ„ mattier For lyce are engendred of rotten mattier Concerninge diete the patient muste absteyne from meates that engender corrupte or rotten mattier as figges chestnuttes colewortes c. To come to locall medicines some affirme that the iuce of brome wyth the iuce of wormewood and oyle of mirt sodden kylleth lyce yf ye annoynt the heade therwythall Oyle dissolued with aloes lykewyse vsed is of lyke effecte Item a decoction of the gumme of an yuye tree whyte beetes and blacke of the coddes of senye made with wormewood yarowe and lye kylleth lyce yf ye wasshe the heade wythall twyse a weke Note that what soner killeth lyce kylleth nyttes also To kylle crab lyce in the priuy members and vnder the arme holes ye shall rubbe the place wyth a clout wherwyth the goldsmyth gyldeth syluer But if the lyce be fouÌ„de in the eye liddes ye shal vse a surer medicine Take of a heÌ„nes galle Ê’ ss water of roses of wormewood anÌ„ Ê’ ii of aloes epatyke â„¥ i. mengle theÌ„ lay it vpon the eyeliddes Or thus â„ž of buttyre thryse washed wyth rose water Ê’ iii. of aloes epatyke Ê’ i. mengle them together and make a linimente and anoynte the eye liddes therwyth when the patient goeth to bedde c ¶ Of the stynkynge of the nose and of the mouth THe euyl odour of the nose and of the mouthe maye come of sondrye causes as Galene sayeth Somtyme it cometh by corrupte vapours ascendyng from rotten humours in the stomake and this chaunceth to those persons that lyue riotously vsyng excesse in meate and drynke Sometymes it chaunceth through the rottenes of the goÌ„mes and of the teeth The stynke of the nose cometh somtyme of a rotteÌ„ vlceration and sometyme of corrupte and catarrouse mattier desceÌ„ding froÌ„ the brayne and somtyme through the stoppyng of the streynour of the nose and thys kynde is of harde curation or rather incurable as some affirme The cure of thys euyll disposition coÌ„sisteth in thre intentions The first is ordinaunce of diete the second purgation of corrupte mattier The third is administration of local medicines For the fyrste the pacicient muste absteyne from all meates that engender grosse and corrupte humours as are grosse fleshe fyshe colewortes oynyons garlike pasties and pies and he muste eate meates of good digestion as capons chyckyns veale lambe lyke spyced wyth cynamome Hys breade must be vnleuened Pomegranades are comended in thys case for they suffer not meates to corrupte in the stomake Item stiptyke frutes as medlers quynces are permitted after meate but al other frutes are to be abhorred Furthermore hys wyne muste not be swete nor grosse nor troublous nor stroÌ„g Of herbes he may vse borage lettuse maioruÌ„ ê‘cely mintes sauerye tyme sage sorell rosemarye Also it is good to vse after meate corianders swete fenell cynamome For the seconde intention lette the mattier be purged wyth diacatholicoÌ„ cassia and tamarindes or with pilles of mastyke or pilles de octo rebus or pilles of washed aloes these muste be receyued twyse a weke thre houres before supper or .ii. houres after supper We haue founde it good to take in the mornynge fastynge an ounce of honye of roses aromatised wyth a lytle cynamome and nutmigges Also the roote of gynger wyth hony suger receyued fastynge comforteth digestion and causeth good odour of the mouthe and so doth the rynde of a citron or of an orenge confecte as is aforesayde Item confection of the thre saunders and aromaticum rosatum receyued fastynge wyth a lytle wyne is profitable in thys case The thyrde intention is thus accomplished Fyrst yf the cause of the stynke be in the rotten teeth let them be remoued But yf it be in the goÌ„mes let them be rubbed wyth thys mixture folowynge R. of the water of sorel of the wine of pomegranades anÌ„ â„¥ i. of roch alume Ê’ ii ss of licium Ê’ vi let them seeth all together tyll the water and wyne be consumed yf nede be of stronger remedyes put to the mixture of vnguentuÌ„ egiptiacuÌ„ Ê’ vi If the stinke of the nose procede of rotten vlceration ye muste mundifye the place wyth the forsayde remedye or wyth vnguentuÌ„ apploruÌ„ mengled with vnguentuÌ„ egiptiacum It is good also to draw into the nose thrilles thys decoction folowynge R. of water of roses and plantayne ana â„¥ iii. of wyne of pomegranades â„¥ ii of licium of hony of roses ana â„¥ i. ss of sarcocolle Ê’ i. of alume Ê’ i. ss of myrrhe Ê’ ss seeth them all together a litle Item it is good to make a lotion wyth water of roses wyne of pomegranades a lytle odoriferous wine wherein roses myrte calamus aromaticus ciperus and a lytle alume a lytle honye of roses are sodden IteÌ„ it is good to holde in the mouth cynamome nutmigges or sweete fenell to eate medlers after repaste or sower apples ¶ A chapter of horcenes TO clarifye the voyce a purgation wyth pilles of hieracum agariâ—o or wyth cassia and diacatholicon premised it is verye profitable to take thys decoction folowynge hote when the patient goeth to bedde R. of water of scabiouse fenell and buglosse ana li. i. of iuiubes fattefigges raysons dates ana â„¥ i. of clene liquiryce Ê’ x. of sirupe de duabus radicibus wtout vinaygre â„¥ iii. of hony â„¥ ii of penydies of suger candy of sirupe of violettes anÌ„ â„¥ i. ss seeth theÌ„ all together in a glasse tyll the thyrde parte be consumed Dioscorides sayeth that assa fetida takeÌ„ wyth water of hony rectifieth a horce voyce Item it is very good to take after supper Ê’ i. of these pilles R. of the iuyce of liquiryce of aloes epatike of dragagantum braied of assa of aloes ana Ê’ i. of cububes of myrrhe ana Ê’ ii of liquyde storax of clere terebentyne anÌ„ Ê’ i. ss of coriandes swete fenel anÌ„ ℈ ii of garden saffran Ê’ ss meÌ„gle them all together and make pilles wyth hony Also pilles bechichie siue de liquiritia holden vnder the tonge synke downe to the longes and clarifye the voyce Item a leke boyled wyth oyle and eaten wyth hony ameÌ„deth horcenes yf ye put therto a lytle cubebes it shal be the better Auncient wryters in thys case prayse a decoction made wyth honye water and mustarde Finallye a decoction made wyth the seede of quynces liquiryce the rootes of langdedefe syrupe of violets soupleth the roughnes of the pype clarifieth the voyce And thus we make an ende c. ¶ A chapter of an aposteme which is wont to chaunce through flebothomye IT chaunceth sometimes that through negligence in cuttyng a veyne a synowe is prycked or that yuell bloode is reteyned thoroughe streate phlebotomye of whiche .ii. causes the membre is apostemed with a coleryke or a sanguyne aposteme For the curation whereof ye shall resorte to the booke of apostemes Howebeit ye shall obserue this one thynge that if ye feare the commyng of an
foure iuce of an orenge howebeit the apothecaries make this syrupe with the iuce of a citron as they haue shewed me Natheles Fuchsius techeth that they ben both of lyke vertue and effect And Io. Agricola sayth the citroÌ„ signifyeth an orenge and also a limoÌ„ And bycause this name is doutfull I leue it to thy iudgemeÌ„t good reader whether thou wylt when thou fyndest the ryndes of a cytron or the iuce vnderstand an oreÌ„ge or a pome citroÌ„ Acorus BruÌ„felsius calleth acoruÌ„ wild flour delyse Mainarde sayth that he was wont to vse calamus aromaticus in the stede of acorus Some take it for galingale Adiutorie They call the two bones which extende from the shulders vnto the elbowes ossa adiutoria Aematites Haematites is a precious stone and hath his name of bloody colour For Haema in Greke signifyeth bloode It hath strength to heate to thynne and to scoure and it is vsyd in medicines for the eyes Agarike Some say that AgaricuÌ„ is a rote and some affirme that it growtth to trees lyke to destooles It is founde in wylde places of Sarmatia and also in Galatia and Cilitia and it dryueth out fleame and cholere but not spedely Agrippa Agrippa is an oyntment descrybed in Galenes antidotari Albugineus Albugineus is that that pertayheth to the whyte of the eye Alchohol The barbarous auctours vse alchohol or as I fynde it sometymes wryten alcofoll for moost fyne poudre Alchachinga Alchachinga is taken for the secoÌ„d kynde of nyghtshade Plinnie calleth it halicacabum Alleluya They vse thys worde Alleluya for a kynde of thre leaued grasse which is soure in taste Almocatim The barbarous wryters calle the nether bones of the heed Almocatim Aloes Aloe is the liquour of an herbe brought vnto vs out of India Som affirme that the maner of makyng it is this They staÌ„pe the herbe draw out the slymye iuyce and lay it to the fyre tyll it boyle and than they set iâ— a sunnynge tyll it be drye And that that is purest they call succotrine or succocitrine that which is in the middell beinge lesse pure hepaticke and fynally that which synketh to the botome and is as it were the dregges they call Cabaline Aloe is bytter in taste and of an hote and drye complexion It purgeth choler and comforteth the stomacke and is moreouer of greate effect in woundes Althea Dioscorides wrytteth that Althea is a kynde of wylde mallowes hauynge rounde leaues and floures lyke roses it is commenlye taken for holyhocke and so I haue euer translated it Howbeit the chirurgyens beyonde the see vse marche mallowes for Althea Alumen zuccarinuÌ„ There bene manye kyndes of Alumes But thre bene mooste knowen which they coÌ„munely call IamenuÌ„ zuccharinum or rotundum and roch alume Alume hath vertue to bynde and therfore it is called Stipteria in Greke and it is moreouer abstersyue or scourynge Ambrosine Ambrosia is communelye taken for wylde sage Ameos Ameos Ammi in the genetiue case Ammeos is a whyte seede hote and drye in the thyrde degre It groweth by the cytie of Egypte called Alexandria In stede of this herbe some vse the seed of cheruel Amygdalae At the roote of the tonge there bene as it were two flesshye kernelles lyke sponges called in Greke parisâ—â—mia in latyne tonsillae and of the 〈◊〉 doctours amygdalae that is almondes Amydum They corruptly vse this worde AmyduÌ„ for that that is called in greke Amylon and it is the iuyce or mylke of wheate steeped in water certayne dayes and afterwarde pressed Anthera Though Vigon thynketh Antheram to be the yollowe in the myddest of a rose yet Cornelius Celsus sayeth that it is a composition for the diseases of the mouthe wherein roses entre Anotamie Anotamie is a Greke worde and sygnifyeth the cuttynge vp of a mans bodye or of some other thing Anacardinum mel They call the iuyce of anacardus honye anacardine And whan they saye that anacardus is the frute of a tree called Pediculus Eliphantis whych groweth in Sicilia and Apulia The honye or iuyce of this frute burneth bloode and rooteth vp wartes Animall spirites Resorte to vitall spirites Anodine Thynges whiche are wythout grefe are caled in Greke anodina Howbeit Vigon vseth the word for thynges that remoue payne Antecedent Antecedent Goyng before Antidota Antidota are medicines to be receyued within the bodye whereof there bene thre dyfferences For some are gyuen agaynst poyson some agaynst the styngyng of venemous beastes or serpentes and some heale diseases gathered of corrupt meates and drinkes They call a boke wherein suche medicynes are descrybed an antidotarie Anthos Anthos in Greke sygnifyeth a floure howbeit it is coÌ„munely vsed for the floures of rosemarye Antimonium AntimoniuÌ„ is a veyne of the earth lyke leade howbeit it hath this difference from a metal A metal melteth Antimonium is brayed and wyll be burnt rather than molten it is colde and drye in the thyrde degree And it is put in colliries for the eyes c. Anthrax Anthrax is engendred when grosse and boylyng blood leanyng to some part of the body burneth the skynne For Anthrax in Greke sygnifyeth a coole and for the same cause it is called carbunculus in latyne which is a diminitiue of carbo a coole Apium risus Apium risus is taken for Batrochion whiche is thought to be crowfote it is called BetrachioÌ„ or ranuÌ„culus bicause frogges delite therin And therfore the later auctours cal it apiuÌ„ raninuÌ„ And they say that it is called apium risus bycause the man that eateth therof dyeth laughynge For risus signifieth laughing which auctours assigne to that that groweth in Sardinia Aphorisme Aphorismus signifieth a distinctioÌ„ Aposteme Aposteme is a passion wherein the thynges are sondred whiche before were ioyned togyther wherfore ther remayneth an emptye space whyche receyueth a wyndye or moyste substaunce or bothe And the sayde substaunce fretteth the partes about makynge roume for hym selfe In latyne it is called abscessus Aqua gariofilata Aqua gariofilata is the water of cloues as it appeareth in the fourthe boke of abridgementes Howbeit bycause gariofilata is commenly taken for ieloflours for that that they haue the odour of cloues called gariophili I thynke I dyd translate it ones the water of iellyflours Here ye shal note that though gariofillata be commenlye taken for iellofloures yet other well lerned men thinke it to be AueÌ„s and so perchaunce I haue translated it sometymes Armoniake Dioscorides calleth that that Vigon calleth armoniake ammoniacum of ammos whyche sygnifyeth sande For it is the lyquour of a shrub in Aphrica called agafyllis whyche falleth vpon sande and so is found in clottes Ammoniacum also is a kinde of salte founde vnder sande Arcula puerorum Arcula pueroruÌ„ The later wryters of chirurgeri vsing an arabike terme call the blysterynges which through corrupt mylke happen in the roofe of chylderens mouthes AlcolaÌ„ Yf this be not the disease whiche Vigon calleth arculaÌ„ I can lerne of nomaÌ„ what it shulde be
greate prouocation to the seege but can do nothynge It commeth of teinein which signifyeth to stretche Tension Tension stretchynge Terra sigillata Terra sigillata is an earth dygged oute of certayne caues in the Isle Lemnos And bycause it was sent from thence beinge sealed it was called Sigillata Some thynke that we haue not the thynge thoughe we retayne the name Terebentine Mainarde sayeth that the true Terebinthina was broughte oute of the Isle called Chios and out of Libia and Pontus But nowe in the stede of it we vse Rhasyne of the fyr or sapyne tree Terminatio ad crisim Crisis sygnifyeth iudgemente and in thys case it is vsed for a sodayne chaunge in a disease Thys chaunge is wonte to happen foure maner of wayes For eyther the patient is immedyatly delyuered of hys disease or is moche better at ease or dyeth incontynentlye or becommeth moche worse The fyrst of these chaunges is called Crisis the seconde Elleipes that is wantynge the thyrde cace that is euyll the fourth ateles that is vnperfyte Hereafter it appeareth that those chaunges which happen by litle and lytle are not properly called Crises but lises that is solutions or loosinges Trachea arteria The wesaunde pype is called Trachea bycause it is rough Transuersalis Transuersalis crosseouer Trifera Trifera is an electuarie made of myrobalanes gynger cloues c. for wyndynesse rawe humours c. Trociskes Trochiscos in Greke is a lytle whele Amonge the apothecaries it is a confection made of sondrye pouders and spyces by the mene of some lyquoure In latyne they call it Pastillum Tunecis Some thynke that Tunici is the herbe that dioscorides calleth polemonium and some take it for the floures of gillofloures Polemonium after Dioscorides descryption hath leaues lytle bygger than Rue but longer In the toppe of hys braunches it hath as it were Iuye berryes in whyche there is a blacke seede The roote is dronken with wyne agaynst venyme Tutia Tutia is called in Greke Pompholix that is to saye a bubble For it is that that bubbleth vp in brasse whan it is boyled and cleueth to the sydes or couer of the fornace And that that synketh and is as it were the asshes of boyled brasse is called Spodium For spodos in Greke sygnifyeth the dust and asshes wherof spodion is a diminutiue Turbith Musa sayeth that Turbith is the seconde kynde of spurge Some thynke that Turbith is taken out of a plant whyche hath leaues lyke the leaues of the myrte tree Varices VArix is the swellynge of a veyne somtymes in the temples sometyme in the base parte of the belly somtymes about the stones but chefelye about the legges Ventoses They vse this worde Ventosa for Cucurbicula that is a cuppynge or boxynge glasse Ventricles Ventricles Lytle as it were mawes chambres holes Vermicularis Vermicularis the lesse housleke it groweth vpon houses Vesicatorie Vesicatorie Bladderynge blysterynge Viscum One kynde of Viscum is byrdelyme made of honye and oyle An other kynde is called Damascene and commeth from Damasco Mysteltowe also is called Viscum Vlcers Vlcers Sores Volubilis There ben many kyndes of volubilis one hathe whyte floures lyke belles and wrappeth it self in hedges Another crepeth on the grounde wyndeth it selfe aboute herbes The germaines call volubilos winde bycause I thynke it wyndeth and wrappeth it selfe aboute bushes or herbes I founde it englished in an olde wrytten boke hyehone Vitis alba Vitis alba hath leaues and braunches like a set vine and twyneth it self aboute brambles wyth hys tendrelles as a vine byndeth it selfe to trees and it hathe clusters of redde coloure lyke grapes wherwyth men were wonte to courie skynnes The name soundeth a white vine and it is called moreouer brionia There is another called nigra vitis or a blacke vine it hath leaues like yuie catcheth trees which grownigh vnto him with his tendrelles it beareth clusters fyrste grene and afterwarde blacke when they ben rype and it is called in latine bryonia nigra and vua taminia Vngula Vngula is a sinnowye eminence of the skynne of the eye called coniunctiua beginning at the greater corner of the eye and procedyng vpto the apple of the eye and when it is increased it couereth the apple also Vndimia Vndimia is a barbarouse terme in greke it is called oedema in latine tumor For it is a softe swellynge wythout payne Vital spirites A spirite is a subtile fyne aerye and cleare substaunce produced of the thynnest and fynest parte of bloode that vertue and strength maye be caried from the principal parte to the rest The physitions teache that there ben thre kindes of spirites animal vital naturall The animal spirite hath his seate in the brayne and is spredde in to all the bodye by synnowes gyuyng facultie of mouynge and felynge It is called animal bycause it is the first instrument of the soule whych the latines call animam And it is ingēdred of the vital spirite caried vp thither by arteries and there more parfectly digested and elaboured For whych purpose nature made the merueylouse nette in the brayne as it were a chaungeable and manifolde mase The vital spirite is conteyned in the harte and is caried to the partes of the bodye to cause naturall heate It is engendred of inspiration and of exhalation or outbreathinge of bloode The natural spirite dwelleth in the lyuer and in the veynes Howbeit some alowe not the addition of this spirite beyng contented wyth the other two Nowe that we haue declared the spirites we wil speake somewhat of the natural faculties There ben thre faculties I call a facultie the cause wherof action or doynge procedeth whych gouerne man and are distributed to the hole bodye as it were from an hedspringe namely animal vital and natural The animal facultie is the whyche sendeth felynge and mouynge vnto al the bodie from the brayne by sinnowes as it were by lytle pypes or conduytes moreouer it nourisheth vnderstāding therfore the Greciās cal it logisticē The vital facultie gyueth lyfe from the harte by arteries vnto all the bodye the Grecians call it thymoeides that is fitte to be angry or couragious wherby it appeareth that the hart is the headsprynge of natural heate The natural facultie gyueth nouryshment to al the partes of the bodye from the lyuer by veynes and is called of the grecians epithymetice that is couetynge or appetyng and also threptice that is nouryshynge And it hath foure vertues attractiue retentiue alteratiue and expulsiue The attractiue vertue is the whyche cā drawe such iuyce as is agreable to the part the iuce is agreable and fryndlye to the parte whyche is apte and fit to be made lyke to the sayd parte and to fede the same This facultie ministreth matter wherby euerye parte is nouryshed and is as it were an handmaide to the retentiue vertue The retentiue vertue is the whyche retayneth the drawen iuyce vntyll the alteratiue vertue hathe chaunged it in to the nature of the parte that is nouryshed and so it serueth the alteratiue vertue The alteratiue vertue is that whyche altereth chaungeth and boyleth that that is drawen and retayned a certayne space and finallye maketh it like and ioyneth it to the parte that is nouryshed The expulsiue vertue sondreth straunge and vnprofitable thynges from concoction and dryueth superfluities out of euery part of the bodye leste they taryenge to longe in the bodye shulde rotte and putrifie And thys also is a seruaunte to the alteratiue vertue Vitriolū romanū Musa sayeth that vitriolum romanum is that that Dioscorides calleth Misy whyche is founde in mynes hath the colour of golde and is harde and when it is broken it sendeth out the golden sparcles shinynge lyke sterres It hathe vertue to purge to heate to scoure awaye euyll corruption lyenge in the corners of the eyes when vitriolum is put wythout the addition of thys worde romanum Some vnderstande therby chalcantum whyche ye shall seke in the lettre C. Vuea One of the skynnes of the eye is called vuea bycause it is lyke the stone of a grape Vuula In the extreme parte of the rouffe of the mouthe there appeareth hangynge a lytle peece of fleshe whyche some call columellam some vuulum that is a lytle grape Xylobalsamū The woode of bawme is called xylobalsamum the frute carpobalsamū the iuyce or liquor opobalsamum zeduarie zeduaria is thought to be a roote of hote and drye temperamente whyche they seeth in wyne for the cough for paynes of the stomake c. Of wieght Libra or a pounde is deuided in to twelue ounces Here ye shal note that those apothecaries erre whyche for a pounde put sixtene ounces into theyr medicines For that is the marchauntes pounde The fourthe parte of a pounde is called quadrans in latine the thyrde triens the sixte sextans wherfore quadrans or a quarterne is the weyght of thre ounces Triens of four Sextās of two An oūce maketh viii .. drāmes a dram .iii. scruples And as the comune practicioners say .lx. barley cornes make a dramme Granum is the weyght of a grayne Manipulus signifieth an handfull Here folow the notes of these weyghtes A graine gr A scruple ℈ A dramme ʒ An ounce ℥ A quarterne Qr. A pounde li. Halfe. ss An handful m̄ Ana. is vsed for euerye one In number n̄ FINIS