from a hot Intemperies with a Fluxion oâ— Cholerick Humours first the Humout flowing to thâ— Part must be drawn away by Bleeding whereby also thâ— hot Intemperies of the whole Body may be moderated afterwards the peccant Humour must be evacuated by proper Purgers and afterwards cooling Juleps and Brothâ— Goats Milk Mineral Waters Baths of warm Water and the like must be used and lastly all those things are to be used which are proposed for the Cure of a Head-ach proceeding from a hot Intemperies But the Pain must be asswaged by cooling and anodyn Topicks For the Cure of an Inflammation of the Ear an emollient cooling and loosning Clister must be injected and so much Blood must be taken away as may answer to the fulness of it and to make a sufficient Revulsion of the Humour flowing to the affected Ear the Cephalick Vein opposite to it must be opened and a great quantity of Blood must be taken away at several times and if the Disease seem to arise from a Suppression of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids the inferior Veins must be opened a good quantity of Blood being first taken from the Arm. And if those Causes are absent the opening of the inferior Veins will make an excellent Revulsion to the most distant Parts to which end Leeches applied to the Anus are also proper Revulsions may be also commodiously made by Frictions and Ligatures of the Arms and Legs and by Cupping-glasses applied to the Shoulders and Back And sometimes Cupping-glasses applied behind the Ears for to make Derivation do much good Zacutus Lusitanus also commends Leeches applied behind the Ears four of a side which he says gave much relief to a certain young Man who was afflicted with a violent Inflammation of the Ear The opening of the Artery of the Temples has also sometimes admirable Success Purging is also very proper in this Disease with Cholagoges afterwards the whole Mass of the Humours is to be attemperated with cooling Juleps made of a Decoction of Lettice Purslain Plantane Sorrel and the like also of the Syrups of Lemons Pomegranates and of red Poppies In the mean time whilst the foresaid Remedies are used Topicks are to be continually applied which must be always anodyn by reason of the Violence of the Pain the Mitigation whereof is principally to be taken care of but at the beginning and increase gentle Repellents are to be mixed with the anodyns at the State and Declination Resolvents are to be mixed with them Take of Womans Milk fresh drawn two ounces of the white of an Egg beat to a Liquor half an ounce mix them and drop it warm into the Ear. Or the Milk alone milk'd into the Ear. Take of the leaves of Plantane and Night-shade each one handful of the flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one Pugil make a Decoction let the Vapour be received into the Ear by a Tunnel Take of Oyls of Violets Water-Lillies and Roses each one Ounce mingle them drop it warm into the Ear. Millepedes infused in the foresaid Oyles and press'd out make an excellent Anodyn for they have an excellent Faculty to ease Pain and for that reason they are used for Pains of the Teeth the Piles and other Pains If the Heat is very violent cooling Juices are to be mixed with the foresaid Oyls in the following manner Take of Oyl of Water-Lillies and Oyl of Roses each one ounce of the Juice of Night-shade and Plantane each half an ounce mingle them and drop it into the Ear. Oxyrrhodinum is used by many Practitioners made of Oyl of Roses two parts and one part of Vinegar but it may be suspected as may be also all other things which repel powerfully for there is danger least the Humour should flow back upon the Brain and it is a general Precept always to be observed not to apply strong Repellents in Inflammations that are near noble parts but gentle Repellents may be mixed with Loosening and Anodyn things for so the Fluxion may be moderately suppressed and not driven far back But in violent Pains we are forced to use Narcoticks but they must be used rarely and with great caution for they are offensive to the Head I know a Person says Galen who lost his Speech and Sense by the use of Opium nor could he be restored by any Medicines But if there be absolute Necessity they may be prescribed in the following manner Take of the Oyl of the Seeds of Poppies one ounce and an half of Camphor and Opium each two grains mingle them and drop them into the Ear. Or Take of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds two ounces of the Juice of Mallows half an ounce of Myrrh half a dram of Saffron half a scruple of Opium three or four grains mingle them use it as above In the Application of Topicks the Precept of Galen must be carefully observed viz. That the inflamed Ear be not touched but Medicines must be dropt into the Ear by a Probe wrapt round with the softest Wool dipt in the Medicines and the Sick must be ask'd whether it be warm and whether he can bear it any hotter and you must drop it in as hot as he can bear it the Probe must be dipt in the Medicine and applied gently to the passage of the Ear that it may flow into it you must continue doing of it till the passage is full and then apply over it to the mouth of the passage and over all the Ear Wool dipt in the Medicine At the state of the Disease Oyls gently resolving are to be mixed with Anodyns in the following manner Take of the Oyls of Camomil Sweet-Almonds and Violets each one ounce Oyl of Lillies half an ounce mix them But Fomentations and Fumes resolve more powerfully which may be prepared of the following Decoction Take of roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the leaves of Mallows Nightshade and St. Johns Wort each an handful of the Seeds of Flax half an ounce of the Seeds of Mallows Marsh-mallows white Poppies each two drams of the flowers of Camomil Dill and Roses each one Pugil make a Decoction in Water or Milk for a Fomentation or Fume The Water drawn from Ash-sticks being dropt into the Ear eases the pain wonderfully it is drawn by burning green sticks in the Fire it drops from the ends of them If the Tumor cannot be resolved but tends to Suppuration which may be known by the increase of the pain a great Pulsation and a violent Feaver Nature must be furthered in her Motion and the following Cataplasm must be applied Take of Crums of white Bread one pound boil them in Milk to the consistence of a Poultis then add the yolks of Eggs number two of Oyl of Roses two ounces of Saffron one scruple make a Cataplasm Or Take one Onyon fresh Butter two Ounces Oyl of Camomil and Roses each one ounce of Saffron one scruple make a Cataplasm which must be applied moderately hot to the part When the Abscess is broken and the
the Sick bends towards the well Side the Motion of Nature must be furthered by applying Cataplasms made of emollient Roots and Herbs of the Seeds of Flax and of the Flowers of Camomil to which being boiled bruised and pulped Meals Butter Grease and proper Oyls must be added whereby unless the Abscess break and cleanse it self by Urine the Matter breaks into the Cavity of the Belly upon which account sudden Death or an hectick Feaver follows Sometimes the Tumour swells outwards and then it must be opened by a Potential Cautery or with a Knife It also happens sometimes that the Tumours become Scirrhous the Feaver ceasing but the Pain continuing with a greater Sense of Weight and a Numbness of the neighbouring Parts which are most commonly incurable for the Sick falls into a Cachexy and Dropsie yet the Cure may be attempted by emollient inciding and digestive Medicines CHAP. LXXXIX Of Bloody Vrine BLood may be conveyed from many Parts to the Urinal Passages and be mixed with the Urine and so render it bloody but that rarely happens and we only discourse here of Diseases of the Reins and Bladder and of that bloody Urine which proceeds from the fault of those Parts The Blood flows from the Reins and Bladder as from all other Parts either by opening of the Vessells by a Rupture or a Solution of the Continuum but very rarely by reason of the Thinness of the Veins which carry Blood to these Places The most frequent causes are Fullness and Acrimony of the Blood and a Stone in the Kidneys a Fall or Blow the lifting or carrying of a great Weight violent Motion of the Body or the like When Blood flows from the Bladder it is little in quantity The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first If it proceed from a great quantity or Acrimony of the Blood Bleeding must be used frequently but little must be taken away at a time and in this case Cupping glasses Frictions and Ligatures must be used to the upper Parts and Derivation must be made by bleeding in the Foot or by opening the Hemorrhoidal Veins When serous and Cholerick Humours promote this Evacuation they must be purged off by Catharticks used by Intervals Take of Rubarb a little torrified and powdered one dram of Coral prepared half a Scruple of the Whey of Goats-milk or of Plantane-water three ounces make a Potion Take of Cassia fresh drawn half an ounce of the Pulp of Tamarinds six drams of Bole-armonick half a Scruple with Sugar make a Bolus After due Revulsions and Evacuations or whilst they are used if there be occasion such things as restrain the Blood and heal the Veins must be given but they must not be presently used least the Blood should be stopt too soon and being thickned it should coagulate somewhere for this Purpose the Juice of Plantane fresh drawn is much commended four or five ounces of it being taken Morning and Evening which is also very proper in all Hemorrhagies but if it be too cold for the Stomach it may be boiled a little with Sugar Sheeps-milk is also much commended four ounces of it being taken with a dram of Bole-armenick but after takeing it the Sick must not sleep nor exercise himself Decoctions also of Knot-grass Horse-tail Purslain and of the Tops of Brambles sweetned with Syrup of Quinces or to qualifie the Heat of the Blood the following Apozem may be used Take of the Leaves of Lettice Purslain Plantane and Comfrey each one handful of the four greater and lesser cold Seeds each one dram of Jujubes three pair of Liquorish half an ounce of the Flowers of Water-lillies of Violets and of Roses each one Pugil make a Decoction to a Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve of Gum-tragacanth a dram and an half of Syrup of Violets and of dried Roses each one ounce and an half of Sal-prunella half an ounce of the Troches of Alkakengi without Opium half a dram make an Apozem for four Doses To thicken and restrain the Blood more powerfully we may add to it an ounce of Syrup of Poppies If the Disease be lasting an Electuary may be made in the following manner Take of the Conserves of Roses and of the Roots of Comfrey each two ounces of sealed Earth and Bole-Armenick of Dragons-blood red Coral Blood-stone and Troches of Ambar each one dram of Hypocistis grains of Kermes and of the Seeds of Plantane each one scruple with equal Parts of Syrup of Mirtles and of Poppies make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Walnut Morning and Evening drinking upon it a little Plantane-water Dr. Gordon's Troches are also reckoned excellent in this Case But because Clots of Blood are wont to be retained in the Bladder and to occasion violent Symptoms for the Dissolution of them it will be convenient to drink warm now and then Mallow-water mixed with a little Vinegar but the quantity of the Vinegar must be so small that it can scarce be tasted Outwardly Topicks must be applied to the Region of the Loins such as are proper to cool and bind the Reins Take of the Roots of Bristort and of Comfrey each one ounce of the Leaves of Plantane Purslain Shepherds-purse Knot-grass each one handful of the Flowers of Pomegranates half an ounce of the grains of Sumach and Mirtles and of Hypocistis each two drams of the Cups of Acorns and of yellow and red Sanders each one dram of red Roses three Pugils boil them in Smith's-water with a little Vinegar strain the Liquor and foment the Reins with it warm A Bath may be made of the same Decoction the quantity of it being increased Take of the Juice of Plantane and of Blood-wort each two ounces of Vinegar half an ounce of Omphacine Oyl one ounce boil them to the Consumption of the Juices then add of Dragons-blood Mastich and of Pomegranate-peel each two drams of Champhor half a dram of the Countesses Oynoment four ounces of Wax a sufficient quantity make a Liniment Anoint the Loins with it frequently at the time you use it mix a little Vinegar with it Leaden Plates with many holes in them worn upon the Reins are very proper When the Voiding of Blood proceeds from the Stone the following Method has been found very successful by Dr. Sydenham who was much troubled with the Gout the Stone in the Kidneys and a bloody Urine and I have also found it very successful I drank says he two ounces and a half of Manna dissolved in a quart of Whey swallowing now and then a little of the Juice of Lemmons while I was purging to quicken this Cathartick which used to work slowly and to render it more pleasant to the Stomach It can scarce be said how much Ease I received about the Region of the Reins by the use of this Remedy for though they did not always ach before yet they were affected with a heavy and troublesom Pain and
cold moist Intemperies or a hot and dry Intemperies also organical Diseases of the Part as an Inflammation or Scirrhus or the like The Vessels of the Womb also often occasion Obstructions which is the most frequent cause of the Suppression of the Courses they being stopt by cold and thick Humours or compressed by Swellings of the neighbouring Parts The Blood is peccant when it is thick and Clammy or when it is evacuated by other ways as by the Nostrils Vomiting Spitting Hemorrhoides and many other Parts I saw sayes Riverius a Girl that had a Pustle in the Head which opened Monthly and evacuated a large quantity of Blood and I have seen many says he that by casting up Blood Periodically from the Lungs had the Courses that Way The external Causes occasioning this Suppression are cold and dry Air and a Northerly Season going into Cold Water especially when the Courses flow too little or too much Nourishment taken also gross and cold Meats or such as are astringent and such as are too hot or such as are salted and spiced too much violent exercise immoderate Watchings much sleep immoderate Ease Bleeding at the Nose or Piles a Loosness and other Evacuations by Vomit Urine and Sweat And lastly violent Passions as extream Anger a sudden Fright long Sorrow great Jealousie and the like The Diagnostick of the Suppression must be received from the Sick but because it proceeds both from natural and preternatural causes the Signs of both shall be distinctly proposed least Physicians should be deceived by Women being with Child by illegitimate Coition and so prescribe Medicines to provoke the Courses rashly to Women with Child First therefore Women with Child most commonly retain their natural Colour and others do not Secondly the Symptoms which use to happen to Women with Child at the beginning abate daily but on the contrary in a Suppression of the Courses the longer they are stopt so much the more the Symptoms are increased Thirdly In Women with Child after the third Month the Motion and Situation of the Child may be sensibly perceived by laying the hand on the Belly but in others the Swelling is Oedematous and not at all hard nor is it always contained within the Limits of the Womb. Fourthly If the inward Mouth of the Womb be touched by a Skilful Midwife she will find it not exactly closed as it is in Women with Child but rather hard contracted and somewhat painful Fifthly Women with Child are most commonly chearful but on the contrary in a Suppression they are most commonly sorrowful and sad The Faults of the Womb which occasion a Suppression may be seen by Inspection and be felt by touching the Parts The Obstruction and Narrowness of the Vessels of the Womb may be known by the Disorder that is felt in the Loyns and in the Parts near the Womb especially just before the Coming of the Courses and if any thing flows out it is mucous whitish or blackish The Diseases of the neighbouring Parts which stop the Mouth of the Womb or the Veins may be known by their proper Signs An abundance of Blood may be known by the Veins being much swelled in the Legs and Arms if the Woman be fleshy and of a ruddy Countenance and has indulged her self for a long while in high Eating But a Defect of Blood may be guessed at if the Woman be fat if she has had a long Feaver and has fasted a long while or has loathed heâ— Meat An â—ll quality of the Blood may be known by an ill Habit of Body the preposterous Motion of the Blood viz. When it flows by contrary Passages is manifest of it self As to the Prognostick a Suppression of the Courses is very dangerous and many desperate Diseases rise from it some in the Womb as Tumours Abscesses and Ulcers others in the whole Body and in various Parts as Feavers Obstructions Cachexies Loathing of Meat a Dropsie a Cardialgia a Cough Difficulty of Breathing Fainting Melancholly Madness Pains of the Head Gout and many others if the Suppression continue long the Belly grows hard great quantity of Urine is voided there is a Loathing of Meat and long Watching the Legs Feet and Belly swell and they die of a Dropsie The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first If it proceed from too great a quantity of Blood Bleeding must be ordered in the Arm and a large quantity of Blood must be taken away afterwards it must be drawn downwards by opening the lower Veins about the time the Woman used to have her Courses before she was ill Frictions Ligatures Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification may be used If by reason of want of Blood the Courses stop as after long Feavers after great Evacuations and when the Body is much wasted you must not endeavour to provoke the Courses till the Body is replenished and till a sufficient quantity of Blood is bred which being done they generally follow of their own accord But if it happen that Nature forget her Office she must be roused up by opening the lower Veins and by Medicines proposed in the foregoing Chapter but the quantity of Blood taken away must be moderate least the Strength should be dejected and the Sick should fall into a Consumption But here it must be carefully noted That every Wasting of the Body does not indicate a Want of Blood but only that which succeeds great Evacuations and the like for sometimes it happens that the Courses being suppressed and retained in the Veins occasion an ill quality whereby the Blood is rendred unfit to nourish the Parts upon which account the Body wasts though the Veins are full of Blood in which Case large Bleeding is required As to the Suppression of the Courses which happens by a preposterous Motion of the Blood when it is evacuated by Bleeding at the Nose by Vomiting Spitting or the Hemorrhoides and other Parts The Cure of it is performed by repelling the Blood from the Parts through which it flows preternaturally and by drawing it back to the Passage of the Womb. The first is performed when the Blood rushes out of the upper Parts by washing the Arms Head and Face with cold water and by forbearing the Exercise of those Parts especially Singing and speaking aloud The second is performed by opening the inferior Veins three or four Days before the Blood breaks out and by Cupping-glasses applied to the Thighs and Legs sometimes with sometimes without Scarification by provoking the Hemorrhoids by Frictions Ligatures Walking Fomentations Baths made of opening Herbs Pessaries uterine Glisters and by other things to be described below But the Bath-water is especially commended and the Sick must bath in them often a good while after Meals but the Water must not rise above the Hypochondres and at the same time the upper Parts must be cooled by fanning them If the Blood flow by the Hemmorrhoides the Cure is very difficult for if you use
and Ambergrise each six grains with a little white Wax make a Liniment wherewith anoint the said Parts and anoint within with Civet or with natural Indian Balsam Lastly let Plasters be applied to the Perineum and the Loins and let rhem be worn continually Take of the Plaster for the Matrix four ounces of the Plaster of Mastick two ounces of Gum Tachamacha and Caranna each one ounce of the Powder of the Roots of Tormentil and Bistort each three ounces of the Powder of Myrtles two drachms of Aromatic Rosat four scruples moisten them with Oil of Quinces and with a drachm of Oil of Nutmegs spread two Plasters upon Leather the one round for the Pubes and the other square for the Loins CHAP. CVI. Of Miscarriage MIscarriage is the Exclusion of an imperfect or unripe Child and consequently a Child dead in the Womb is not said abortive till it is excluded so that whether alive or dead Child be brought forth not being ripe nor having attained to the just growth in the Womb it is to be termed abortive The causes of Abortion are some Internal some External the Internal may be reduced to four Heads viz. to the Humors to the Child to the Womb and to the Disease of the Mother The Humors may occasion Abortion when they offend in quantity or quality They offend in quantity either by way of excess or defect The quantity is excessive in a Plethora for there being more Blood than is requisit to nourish the Fetus it flows into the Veins of the Womb and is excluded like the monthly Courses and so the Child comes away with it There is too small a quantity of the nutritious Humor when the Child's nourishment is by any means lessened as by Fasting whether volunary or forced and when Women with Child nauseat all sorts of Food or vomit it up again Likewise by reason of a thin Diet in acute Diseases or by an immoderate evacuation of Blood Likewise by reason of extream leanness of the whole Body In respect of the Child Abortion may happen if it be over great so that it cannot by reason of its bulk be contained in the Womb and for this reason little Women often miscarry especially if they are married to Men bigger than ordinary whose Children grow very great and find not in the Womb a space large enough to contain them till they come to their perfect growth also plurality of Children may occasion Abortion as when two or three or more are contained in the Womb at one time The Womb it self occasions Abortion if it be not large and capacious enough to widen it self sufficiently according as the Child grows or if there be any thing preternatural in the Womb as an Inflammation a Scirrhus or Imposthume or the like or if the Womb be over moist and slack so that it cannot contain the Child so well as it ought to do Abortion comes two ways from the Diseases of the Mother First when her Diseases are communicated to the Child whereby it is killed or so weakned that it cannot receive due nourishment nor growth such are continual Fevers and Agues the French Pox and many such like Secondly when the said Diseases of the Mother cause great Evacuations or great Commotions of the Body as large Bleeding from what part of the Body soever Fluxes of the Belly grievous Swooning Falling-sickness Vomiting and a Tenesmus which above all other Diseases is wont to cause Abortion External Causes which further Abortion do some of them kill the Child others draw away it 's nourishment and others dissolve those Bands wherewith the Child is fastned to the Womb. The Child is killed by great Commotions of the Mind as by Anger Sadness Frights and the like by Meats earnestly longed for and not obtained by strong purging Medicines by things that provoke the Courses and by those things that expel the Child and by such things as are reckoned by a Specifick Quality to destroy the Child in the Womb by abominable Smells especially the stink of a Candle ill put out Violent Exercise dissolves the Bands that fasten the Child to the Womb as Dancing Running Riding Jolting in a Coach or Cart carrying or lifting from the Ground a heavy Weight a violent Fall a Blow on the Belly vehement Motion of the Belly by Coughing Vomiting Looseness Sneezing Convulsions Crying-out immoderate or over-wanton Embraces and in a word vehement motion of the Arms the turning a Wheel or doing some such work may exceedingly promote Abortion The Signs of present Abortion are manifest of themselves but such as go before Abortion and prognosticate the same are these An unusual heaviness of the Loins and Hips an unwillingness to stir Appetite gone shivering and shaking coming by Fits pain of the Head especially about the Roots of the Eyes a straitening of the Sides and Belly above the Navel the flagging or falling and extenuation of the Dugs but if frequent pains and almost continual Torment the Reins and Loins reaching towards the Share as far as the Os sacrum with endeavours to evacuate the Womb certainly the Woman will shortly miscarry If from violent external Causes such as are a Blow a Fall and the like vehement Pain and Perturbation arise in a Woman with Child she ought to keep her Bed three days or longer As to the Prognosticks Women are more endangered by Abortion than by a true and timely Birth because it is more violent and unseasonable for as in ripe Fruit the Stalks are loosened from the Boughs and the Fruit falls off of it self so in a natural Birth the Vessels and Ligaments wherewith the Child is tyed to the Womb are loosened and untyed as it were of their own accord which in Abortion must needs be vioiently broken asunder Abortion is most dangerous in the sixth seventh and eighth Month. Our ordinary Women say A miscarrying Woman is half with Child again The Cure of Abortion consists in Preservation for that which is past cannot be helpt But all the Symtoms which follow Abortion are the same which accompany Women duly brought to bed The preservation from Abortion consists principally in these two things the one concerns the Woman before she is with Child and the other when she is with Child Before the Woman is with Child all Indispositions of the Body which are wont to cause Abortion must be removed as fulness of Blood ill Humours and peculiar Diseases of the Womb viz. Intemperies Swellings Ulcers and the like Fulness of Blood opens the Veins of the Womb or strangles the Infant while it is in the Womb this if it be a pure and simple Plenitude may be cured by Blood-letting such as shall answer the quantity of Blood superabounding A Cacochymy is either Cholerick and partaking of Acrimony so as to open the Orifices of the Veins or by provoking Nature it stirs up the expulsive Faculty whereby the Child comes to be expelled with those ill Humours or it suffocates the Child by reason of
Authors from whence you may gather that there is most commonly an abolition of the internal and external Senses and a stiffness of the Limbs But sometimes the Senses are not wholly abolished for sometimes they can hear and their Limbs may be moved by the By-standers The Cure is twofold one in the Fit the other out of the Fit In the Fit those things are proper which are prescribed for Sleepy Diseases Out of the Fit such things as are used for Cure of Melancholy are proper for from thence it most commonly proceeds But if it come from a Cold intemperies such things are proper as serve to mend such a Constitution if it proceed from abundance of Blood Bleeding is to be used CHAP. IX Of a Palsie A Palsie in Latin Paralysis is a privation of Sense and Motion by reason the influx of the Animal Spirits is hindred There are various differences of it for either it seizes all the parts of the Head then it is called Paraplegia or only half the Body then it is called Hemeplegia or it seises only one part then it is called a particular Palsie It is also called perfect and imperfect It is said to be perfect when Sense and Motion are wholly abolished imperfect when the Functions are weakned And then it is also called Numbness which is a fore-runner of a Palsie There is also another Species of an imperfect Palsie when Motion is hurt and the Sense remains perfect and so on the contrary The causes of a Palsie in general are all those things which hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits into the Nerves and Muscles the most frequent of all is a Flegmatick Humour which by obstructing compressing thickning or cooling the Nerves hinders the said influx of the Animal Spirits The Pituitous humour flows from the Brain into the Nerves and spinal Marrow so a small Apoplexy degenerates into a Palsie because the humour occasioning it is cast from the Brain upon the Marrow or beginning of the Nerves and so it either insinuates it self into the substance of them and shuts the insensible passages through which the Spirits pass or passing by the Vertebra's of the Back and spinal Marrow and following the Course of the Nerves compresses them and so hinders the passages of the Animal Spirits and the same Humour may thicken the substance of the Nerves by its Coldness so that it cannot make way for the Animal Spirits There are other Causes of a Palsie but they are not so common as taking Cold a Blow or Fall the frequent handling of Quicksilver tumors near the Spine or Nerves cutting of the Nerves dislocation of the Vertebra or other Joints The kind of the Disease is easily known for want of Motion and Sense may be soon perceived but the knowledge of the part affected is more difficult But it may be known by those that are skilled in Anatomy who know the Originations and Insertions of the Nerves For if the right part of the Face becomes Paralytick or the left the other parts being sound they know the Brain is only affected according to that part from whence the Nerves are carried to those parts But if the parts under the Head are also afflicted with the Face the Brain and the Spine of the Back are also affected and if the parts below the Head are seised and the Face well the fault is only in the Spine and in the beginning of it if all the Parts are affected But if only half the Body is Paralytick only half the Spine is affected When the Legs are Paralytick the seat of the Disease is about the end of the Spinal Marrow near the Vertebra's of the Os Sacrum and so in the rest the place is to be sought for from whence the Nerves arise And sometimes enquiry after the external Cause much helps to find out the Part affected of which there are two Instances in Galen one of a certain Man who in a Cold and Rainy Season wore a long while a wet Neckcloath about his Neck his Hands became Paralytick The other is of one who lost the Sense of three of his Fingers and when Galen understood that he fell out of a Cart upon his Back he conjectured that some Part was hurt by the Fall under the seventh Vertebra where the Nerve begins and therefore he applied the Medicine which was used before to the Fingers to no purpose to that part The knowledge of the Causes is to be fetched from the Procatarctick Causes the foregoing Diseases and the Constitution of the Sick and so the external cooling and moistening Causes going before Old Age a Flegmatick Constitution Winter cold and moist Diet An Apoplexy going before signifie that the Disease proceeds from a cold intemperies and a Flegmatick humour Feavers foregoing and sometimes a present Feaver Cholerick or Melancholy Constitution Summer-time or Autumn the use of Spices of Salt or hot Meats violent and long Passions of the Mind the excretion of Cholerick and Melancholy humours or of Acid or Acrid Serum hot defluxions upon various parts and Pains arising from thence And lastly when Pain and Convulsions accompany the diminution of Sense and Motion and when such as are so afflicted are injured by hot and drying Medicines and relieved by cooling and moistening Remedies the Palsie proceeds from Cholerick or Melancholy humours Tumors and luxations and Wounds causing a Palsie are easily known The Prognostick Signs A Palsie coming from a pituitous humour stuffing the substance of the Nerves is difficult to Cure A Palsie following an Apoplexy is seldom Cured and most commonly turns to an Apoplexy again A trembling coming upon a Palsie is good If the paralytick Part be hot there is hope of Recovery but if it be always cold it is hardly Cured A wasting of the Part and great Paleness renders it incurable If the Eye of the Paralytick side be lessened there is little hopes of a Cure A Palsie of the Legs or Feet is easier Cured than of the upper Parts A Palsie in old People is incurable A Palsie cannot be Cured in the Winter A violent Feaver coming upon a Palsie is good so is a Loosness coming upon a small and new Palsie The Cure of a Palsie is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes but because it chiefly comes from Flegm and a cold intemperies we must chiefly endeavour to remove this Cause and you must begin with an universal evacuation of the whole Body As to Bleeding that can scarce do any good for the Blood is not in the fault but Flegm and for the most part this Disease seises Old People such as are Flegmatick and naturally Cold But if an abundance of crude Blood should seem to produce the Flegmatick Humour and to nourish it a Vein may be opened in the Arm of the well-side But Blood must be drawn sparingly lest the languid Heat should be extinguished Therefore Bleeding being omitted or used as is said sparingly the Cure must be begun by removing the antecedent
Sick cannot take a Vomit he must be purged by stool but the Humour must be first prepared by things that incide and cleanse Afterwards these things that follow are convenient Cupping-glasses must be applied opposite to the Region of the Stomach and to the Stomach The Stomach must be bound with a Swath-band that it may not be so much dilated Ligatures of the Extremities must be used Let him eat Anniseeds which is thought to Cure the Hickops peculiarly Frequently Glisters must be injected to draw away the Noxious Humours from the Stomach Young Animals must be applied to the Stomach Vinegar of Squills may be taken by Spoonfuls Sneezing casts off the Matter impacted in the Coats of the Stomach As the Physician Chrysimacus cured Aristophanes of a Hickop by provoking Sneezing when he could not do it by stopping of the Spirits and Gargling with cold Water Pills made of one dram of Aloes and three grains of London Laudanum are good Platerus in his Observations says That he cured a Boy of ten Years of Age that had the Hickops for eight Days and Nights continually with the Water of green Nuts distilled with Radishes infused first in Vinegar which he gave him to provoke Vomiting and though he did not Vomit at all yet he was cured But to conclude Narcoticks wiil do the Business when nothing else will CHAP. LXVI Of Vomiting of Blood THe conjunct cause is the Quantity or Quality of the Blood exceeding The external causes are Wounds and Bruises and violent Heat or immoderate Cold or unaccustomed Labour and Excercise or Hollowing If the Blood flow from the Stomach there will be almost always a continual Pain and Weight there and the quantity of it will not be much because the Veins of the Stomach are small and Nauseousness will accompany it and 〈◊〉 Blood will be mixed sometimes with Meat sometimes with Choler and sometimes with Flegm If it flow from the Head there will be a Tickling perceived about the Jaws and Pallate and Blood will flow sometimes from the Nostrils mixed with Snot and a Pain or Heaviness of the Head precedes If Vomiting of Blood proceeds from a Suppression of the Courses it will be Periodical As to the Prognostick Vomiting of Blood from what Cause soever it arises is dangerous for if too great a quantity be evacuated there is Danger of Death if it coagulate in the Stomach and corrupt there it occasions Fainting But a Vomiting of Blood from Suppression of Courses is least dangerous They which fall into a Dropsie by Vomiting of Blood die It must be cured by Medicines that cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach and by such as attemperate it and stop the Apertion of the Veins And First Because an orderly Diet is of great use in this Case the common Diet ought to be astringent and Emplastick and also cooling as Barley Broths Almond and Rice Diet Water-gruel and Jellies and especially Starch boiled in Milk whereunto may be added Pomegranate Juice or a little Rose-vinegar hard Eggs may be also used dipt in Vinegar Also Bread dipt in Water Chicken Broth with Wood-sorrel Purslain and Plantane boiled in it but at the beginning of eating some Astringent thing should be taken as a Quince baked under Ashes Medlars or the like Let the Sick abstain from all acrid salt peppered and fried Meats and also from such things as yield a great deal of Nourishment unless the Weakness of the Sick requires that they should be taken sparingly He must drink but little and when he does he must drink Water wherein Iron has been quenched with a little Juice of Pomegranates in it The Air must be somewhat Cold but he must not expose himself to the Winds nor to the Rays of the Sun or Moon He must sleep moderately and his Body must be kept open and his Mind free from Passion Bleeding must be used sparingly and it must be repeated Frictions and Ligatures must be used and cleansing Glisters must be injected Apply Cupping-glasses to the Buttocks Legs Loins and Hypochondres Let two Spoonfuls of Oxycrat be given if there be a Suspicion of coagulated Blood for by the use of it it may be easily dissolved and driven from the Veins of the Stomach and they will be stopt thereby foment the Region of the Stomach also with it cold and if the Sick does not Vomit the following Mixture may be used to stop the Veins Take the White of one Egg of Rose-water and Vinegar each one dram and an half shake them well and add to them two drams of Starch mix them and let the Sick take it by Spoonfuls Or Take of prepared Coral sealed Earth Bole-armonick Blood-stone Troches of Ambar each one dram of Plantane-water and Syrup of Mirtles each two ounces mingle them let the Sick take it as before Or Let the Sick take Morning and Evening four ounces of the Juice of Plantane cold Galen says That nothing is better than this Juice to stop any Flux of Blood The Juice of Purslain and Knot-grass is also good for the same Purpose Take of the Waters of Plantane and Purslain each one ounce and an half of Syrup of Mirtles half an ounce of Syrup of Poppies one ounce mingle them make a Julep to be repeated often Take of old conserve of Roses and of Comfrey-roots each one ounce of Marmalad of Quinces half an ounce one Mirobalan candied Troches of Ambar and of Lemnian Earth each two drams of Coral prepared and of Saffron of Mars each one dram with Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiat to be used frequently Troches of Ambar do not only bind but also dissolve concreted Blood and therefore are frequently to be used Tincture of Coral made with Juice of Lemons is also very good But when the Blood is evacuated violently and cannot be stopt by the forementioned Medicines Narcoticks must be taken inwardly and injected by Glisters and the Region of the Stomach must be anointed with Oyl of Roses and of Mirtles washed in Vinegar and after you have anointed it sprinkle on Powder of Coral Bole-armonick and sealed Earth or anoint the Stomach with the following Ointment Take of the Juices of Plantane and Knot-grass each one ounce and an half Rose-vinegar one ounce of Omphacin Oyl six ounces boil them to the Consumption of the Juices then add of Dragons-blood Mastich Pomegranate peels and Mirtles each two drams of Camphor one scruple with a sufficient quantity of red Wax make an Ointment Let him drink Water wherein hot Iron hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces and Spirit of Vitriol in it and let his Broths be made of the same Water Let his Loins and Hypochondres be fomented with a Decoction made of Plantane and Purslain in Oxycrat and let it be used when it is almost cold and let him put his Hands into cold Water Afterwards let the foresaid Parts be anointed with Galen's cooling Ointment washed in Vinegar Bleeding being sufficiently used gentle and frequent Purging must be ordered
An Inflammation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumour arising from Blood poured upon the Substance of the Stomach and its Membranes And this Blood is either pure and sincere and then it produces a Phlegmon properly so called or it is mixed with Choler Flegm and Melancholly and then it produces an Oedematous Schirrhus Phlegmon or a Phlegmon mixed with an Erysipelas There may be many external Causes viz. Whatsoever renders the Blood hot as hot Medicines drinking of Wine or whatever forces the Blood thither as a Bruise of the Stomach especially when it is full of Meat to which may be added hot and acrid things taken inwardly as Cantharides Sublimate and the like The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease are a great Burnining Pricking Distending Pain with Pulsation stretching it self to the Back The Tumour may be felt and sometimes seen the Shoulders are drawn backward the Breathing Swallowing and Belching are difficult Sometimes something Bloody is Vomited up there is a violent Feaver accompanied with dreadful Symptoms If the Inflammation be purely from Blood it is somewhat gentler but if it be joined with an Eâ—ysipelas the Symptoms are very violent and there is an inward Feaver though the outward Parts are cold and the Thirst is unquenchable To this Inflammation of the Stomach that Inflammation is near of kin which either seises that Part of the Liver wherewjth the Stomach is covered or that lies upon the Region of the Abdomen which can be only distinguished by the violence of the Symptoms for the Inflammation of the Stomach is the most violent and most dangerous From what has been said it may be easily prognosticated that this Disease is very dangerous and most commonly deadly Nevertheless that is most dangerous which seises the upper Orifice of the Stomach and partakes of the Nature of an Erysipelas If the Inflammation do not kill and be not resolved it degenerates into an Abscess which is known by the Remission of Heat and Feaver the Tumour remaining The Abscess being broken an Ulcer is left behind which may be known by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer of the Stomach does not only proceed from an Abscess broken but also from other causes which must be here mentioned least any thing should be desicient in the Theory of it Therefore the causes of an Ulcer of the Stomach are either Internal or External the Internal causes are acrid Humours bred in the Stomach or transmitted from another place to it as Yellow and Black Choler or salt Flegm The external causes are acrid and corroding Medicines or Poisons and hither may be referred Wounds of the Stomach ill cured which degenerate into an Ulcer and also the Rupture of some great Vein which cannot be well cured after vomiting much Blood up An Ulcer bred in the Stomach may be known chiefly by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool to which primary Sign others may be added For first There is perceived in the Stomach a pricking Pain with Heat especially when any thing acrid salt acid or any thing very hot or very cold is taken inwardly There is moreover a Loss of Appetite Stinking Belching and a small and continual Feaver The Prognostick is most commonly deadly unless the Ulcer be very small and possess the Superficies and has not a Feaver joined with it for the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated is difficultly cured and the Nourishment cannot be well concocted and it is rejected before a due concoction besides Medicines can do little good for things that cleanse which are necessary for the Cure of the Ulcer cause Pain and things that dry which should satisfie the other Indication of Healing the Ulcer are continually spoiled by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humours which always stagnate in a weak Stomach The Cure of the foresaid Diseases is to be instituted particularly And first The Cure of the Inflammation is to be begun by Bleeding repeated in the Arm as often as the Strength will bear and though it may seem to be dejected at first by reason of the fainting and Coldness of the extream Parts yet this Infirmity of the Strength proceeds from an Oppression which requires Evacuation and therefore Bleeding ought not to be forbid Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoid Veins if the Sick has been accustomed to this Evacuation may conveniently cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach Cupping-glasses applied to the Back and Buttocks both dry and moist Frictions and Ligatures of the extream Parts and the heating those that are wont to be cold by applying hot Cloaths and by anointing them with Oyl of Orris Nard and with other hot things may be also conveniently used to draw the Blood from the Stomach But Purging is not allowed of because it disturbes the Humours and draws them to the Part affected Yet Avicen commends a Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Endive-water or in Whey and would have it given daily till the seventh Day yet it is better to abstain from all purging at the Beginning but the Seventh Day being over and some Signs of Concoction and Declination appearing Purging may be instituted with a dram of Rhubarb and a Scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage-water you must add one or two ounces of the Syrup of Roses that the Filth sticking to the Part may be evacuated In the mean while Lenient cooling and emollient Glisters must be daily injected Take of Chicken-broth or a Decoction of Mallows and Violets one Pint of Cassia fresh drawn one ounce of Oyl of Roses and Violets each two ounces of Sugar one ounce and an half Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The same altering and corroborating things may be taken inwardly which were proposed for a Cure of the Pain of the Stomach occasioned by a Cholerick Humour But Syrup of Water-lillies and of the Juice of Purslain are peculiarly proper especially at the beginning because they may serve instead of a repelling Medicine Emulsions also of the four cold Seeds and of the Seeds of white-Poppies are proper for they are lenitive and qualifie the Heat and so do also the following Juleps Take of the Waters of Roses three ounces of Plantane two ounces of the Juice of Sorrel one ounce and an half of Sugar of Roses one ounce boil them a little and strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice a Day If the Pain be very violent Syrup of Poppies may be taken Let him use for his Drink Barley-water sweetned with Syrup of Violets which he must drink cold In Progress of the Disease Medicines are to be mixed with the foregoing which may help the Resolution to which end the following Julep may be prescribed Take of the Syrups of Water-lillies of Apples and of the Juice of Purslain each one ounce of the Syrup of Roman Wormwood half an ounce of the Waters of Sorrel Lettice and Fennel each three ounces of the Species Diamargarite
Syrup of the five opening Roots make an Electuary Let her take the quantity of a large Nutmeg every third Hour drinking upon it three or four spoonfuls of the following Mixture Take of the Water of Penny Royal and Balm each three ounces of compound Briony-Water two ounces of Syrup of Mugwort three ounces and an half of Saffron two drachms of Castor tied up in a Rag and hanged in the Glass one scruple mingle them If these things are used presently upon the Suppression they generally take it off But if they have been used so long that all the quantity is taken and the Lochia are still stopt in this case we may use Laudanum for once but it is best to mix it with hysterick things For instance Take of liquid Laudanum sixteen drops in a spoonful of compound Briony-water Or Take of solid Laudanum one grain and an half of Assa Fetida one scruple and an half Make two Pills But it must be carefully noted that if upon once taking the Business is not done Opium by no means must be repeated again But having waited a while to see what it will do we must return again to Emmenagoges mix'd with Hystericks and afterwards we must Inject a Glister But what was said before of Opium is also to be taken notice of in respect of Glisters for unless the first bring down the Lochia nothing is to be hoped for from more These things therefore being done it is safest and the duty of a prudent Physician to wait and see what Time will do for every Day the Danger will lessen and if the Sick live over the twentieth Day she will be in a manner out of Danger for then she will be able to bear that Method which is fittest to conquer the Diseases which were occasioned by the Suppression of the Lochia CHAP. CXI Of After-Pains PAins happen so frequently to Women in Childbed that few are free from them but they seldom require the Physicians help because they usually cease in two or three Days But if they are sharp and continue longer they are forced to send for Physicians who before they prescribe ought to enquire into the causes of the Pains The chief Causes therefore of Pains after Labour are a great quantity of Blood the Thickness and Acrimony of it and the Narrowness of the Vessels for when the Veins of the Womb have ceased to evacuate Blood for nine Months and when that is heaped up in a great quantity and also grows thick and acrimonious by it's long stay it occasions Pain while it passes through the narrow Passages which returns by Intervals as often as the Womb endeavours the Evacuation of the Blood And when that is over the Pain ceases till more Blood endeavours to come out These Pains are also sometimes occasioned by Wind or cold received into the Womb but the Pain seldom happens from these Causes This Pain is distinguished from other Pains that are wont to afflict the Belly by the continuance or Intervals which follow the Evacuation of Blood and Women can easily distinguish them themselves The thick Blood easily coagulates but the thin is known by its thinness and fresh colour If the Pain arises from Wind it is more wandring and possesses more parts of the Belly nor does it follow the Intervals of the Evacuation of Blood If cold Air be admitted into the Womb it may be known by those things which have been done about the Woman These Pains are not dangerous but are most commonly very troublesome and therefore are to be taken off or asswaged as soon as may be As to the Cure the Vessels of the Womb must be relaxed and the thickness of the Blood attenuated and its Acrimony qualified all which may be done by the following means And first the Woman's Belly must be gently swathed that it may subside and not move hither and thither as it often happens after Delivery upon so sudden an evacuation and then give of Oil of Almonds fresh drawn three ounces mixed with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Violets And Glisters may be injected made of Milk and Sugar and Yolks of Eggs or they may be prepared of a Decoction of Camomel-flowers and of Mugwort in Chicken-broath adding to them Oil of Lillies and Yolks of Eggs. And the Belly of the Woman must be anointed with Carminitive and Aperitive Oils as with Oil of Dill Rue Jasmin or with the following which is very effectual which may be prepared for this use in due season and kept in the Shops Take of the Roots of round Birth-wort of Orris and Peony each one ounce of Cyprus half an ounce of the dried Leaves of Mugwort Feverfew wild Marjoram Calaminth Pennyroyal Dittany of Creet of Wormwood Savin Rue Bettony and Sage each one handful of the Flowers of Rosemary Stechas Lavender Camomel Dill S. John's Wort Elder each half an handful of the Grains of Lawrel and Juniper each half an ounce of Cummin the Seeds of Rue Peony Daucas of the Chast Tree each three drachms of Cloves Nutmegs Cinnamon and Ginger each two drachms of Storax and Myrrh each one ounce Bruise them and cut them and infuse them in three quarts of old Oil adding a litte White-Wine keep them in an earthen Vessel well stopt for the space of a Week then boil them upon hot Ashes four or five hours then press out the Oil and keep it for use If you have it not ready prepared you may boil the Simples upon occasion with equal parts of Oil and White-Wine to the consumption of the Wine afterwards press out the Oil. A Fomentation may be also made of a Decoction of Mugwort Feverfew Baulm of the Leaves of Bays and Calaminth of the Seeds of Daucas Cummin and Caraways of the Flowers of Wall-flower and Camomel made in Water and White-Wine or in Milk Or the following Cataplasm may be applied Take of Onions boil'd in Water number three or four bruise them in a Mortar and add to them of the Seeds of Cummin and Flax bruised each one handful With a sufficient quantity of the Flowers of Camomel and Barly-meal make a Cataplasm and if there be occasion add a little of the Water wherein the Onions were boil'd Spread it upon a cloath and apply it hot to the Navel It is also proper to cover the Belly with a Sheep's-skin fresh flea'd off and applied hot for the Heat of it is very agreeable it eases the Pain and keeps the Belly from wrinkling And the following things may be taken inwardly Take of the Seeds of Daucas powdered one drachm of White-Wine three ounces Mingle them and give it twice in a day Or Take of Nutmegs Aniseeds and Cinamon each one scruple Mingle them make a Powder give it with White-wine or one scruple of Oil of Nutmegs with Broath Forestus used the Flowers of Camomel in Beer or a Decoction of Camomel and Mugwort in Chicken-Broath with good Success It is good presently after Delivery to give the Broath of an
known by the signs which shew watry Humours heap'd up in the Brain the Medicines above mentioned must be used Moreover for those who bear Purging well a Vomit or gentle Purge must be prescribed Wine and Oxymel of Squills also Mercurius dulcis Rubarb and Rosin of Jalap are of good use when the cause of the Convulsions seems to be lodged in the Bowels or when Worms or sharp Humours in the Belly are the cause For Worms a Purge of Rubarb or of Mercurius dulcis with the Rosin of Jalap must be given and the following Medicines are also of use Take of the Roots of Virginian Snake-weed powdered one Dram of Coral calcined till it is white half a Dram make a Powder The Dose is half a Scruple or a Scruple twice a day for three days following drinking upon it the Decoction of the Roots of Grass Take of Hiera pitra and of Venice-Treacle each one Dram make a Plaister for the Belly If the Convulsions are thought to proceed from sharp Humours disturbing the Bowels or Stomach Purging upward and downward by turns is to be observed to this end a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol is to be given Take of Syrup of Peony three Ounces Salt of Vitriol two Scruples of Compound Lavender-water one Dram mingle them give a Spoonful three or four times in an hour till the Child has once Vomited or went to Stool once But if Evacuation downward seem most proper give the Infusion of Rubarb or the Powder of it or Syrup of Succory with Rubarb or Syrup of Roses with Agarick And moreover Glisters are to be used frequently in this case and External Medicines are to be applied to the Belly Take of the leaves of Camomil cut small two handfuls put them into two Bags made of fine Cloth or of Silk which being dip'd in hot Milk and pressed out are to be applied successively to the Belly CHAP. VI. Of the Night-Mare or Incubus IT is commonly supposed by the ordinary sort of People that this Disease is occasioned by the Devil or an Evil Spirit 's lying upon their Stomachs which perhaps may be so sometimes but it also comes from meer Natural Causes as is supposed though what those are or where the Morbisick Matter is placed is not known when it is thought to come from Natural Causes the Cure is to be undertaken in the following manner Bleeding and gentle Purging is first to be used and afterward things proper for the Head as Powders of Ambar Coral Pearls the Roots of Male-peony Dittany of Crete Contra yerva and other things prescribed in the Chapter of the Apoplexy and the like But an orderly Diet is first to be prescribed windy Meats and such as are hard of Digestion are to be avoided and Sleep must not be indulged after Eating or Study and large and late Suppers and lying on the Back must be forbid Infants and Children are often troubled with this Disease the sign whereof is their starting in their Sleep and crying out violently and after they have had these Fits often they fall into Convulsions wherefore a right Method of Cure ought to be administred as soon as they seem to be disordered in their Sleep Inquiry must be made concerning the Milk they Suck whether it be good or not and whether it agrees with their Stomachs after they have Sucked plentifully they must not be suffered to sleep the Nurse must use an orderly Diet and let her take also Morning and Evening a Dose of a Powder or Electuary that is proper for the Head drinking upon it a Draught of Posset-drink wherein the Leaves of Sage or Bettany or the Roots or Seeds of Peony have been boiled Let the Infant take twice a day a Spoonful of Black-Cherry-water let an Issue be made in the Neck and let it lye sometimes on one side sometimes on the other and seldom or never upon the Back And Coral or the Seeds of Male-peony being hanged about the Neck or upon the Pit of the Stomach may do some good When they start violently often in their Sleep apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears Moreover Morning and Evening daily give half a Scruple of the Powder de Gutteta in a Spoonful of Lime-flower-water CHAP. VI. Of Sleepy Diseases Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy THere are four sorts of Preternatural Sleep Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy which because for the most part they proceed from the same Causes and require the same Methods of Cure therefore they shall be treated of together in this Chapter The first and principal cause of these Diseases is a Flegmatick or Watry Humour contained in the Brain contrary to Nature Secondly Sleepy Diseases are wont to be generated by Blood abounding in the Brain and from extravasated Blood stopping or oppressing the Ventricles of the Brain sleepy Disease and especially an Apoplexy is sometimes occasioned Thirdly It is certain that a Comatose Disease proceeds from a Tumor that oppresses the Brain by its weight Fourthly Immoderate Vapors carried to the Head may be the cause of a Sympathetick Coma. Fifthly From the immoderate use of Narcotick Medicines inwardly taken so deep a Sleep is occasioned that many by the imprudent use of Opium have slept their last That Sleepy Diseases are occasioned by Flegmatick Humours stagnating in the Brain is known by a Flegmatick Habit of Body by old Age or Childhood by a cold or moist Season or Country by the Suppression of the Excretion of Flegm by the Mouth and Nostrils and for that the Sick before the coming of this Disease was afflicted with a Dulness of the Head Dimness of Sight and Unaptness for Motion and because in the Disease Flegm flows from the Mouth and Nostrils or falling upon the Throat is frequently swallowed down by the Sick That Blood produces a sleepy Disease is known by a Plethorick Disposition by Redness of the Face and by a Pain in the Head foregoing this Disease That the Sympathetick Disease arises from Vapors elevated to the Brain is known by the absence of those Signs which signifie an Idiopathetick Disease also by the signs of the peculiar disorder of the Parts from whence Vapors are transmitted to the Brain A very thin Diet is to be ordered at the beginning of these Diseases and when the Fit is off the Sick to prevent a Relapse must forbear all strong Liquors and be fed with Barly and Oat-meal Broths or with Chicken Broth and sometimes especially when he Purges with Chickens Lamb and the like When a Physician is first called to a Patient that is seized with a sleepy Disease he must endeavour by all means to rowse him by offering Violence to all his Senses and therefore he must expose his Eyes to the Sun-beams or to a clear Light his Ears must be filled with violent Noises and Clamours and the Sick must be sure to be called aloud by his own name sharp things are to be blown up his Nostrils the Sense of Touching
day if his Strength will bear it which by casting forth the serous Humour through the Pores of the Body will perform the Cure Take of the decoction of Senna Gerionis four Ounces of Syrup of Buckthorn six Drams of Spirit of Sulphur five Drops of Aqua Mirabilis one Dram mingle them and make a Potion to be taken in the Morning At Bed-time after Purging give the following Pills Take of Pill Storax eight Grains of the Juice of Liquorish half a Scruple make three Pills Repeat the Purging Potion every third day for thrice Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of Red Roses vitriolated of the Electuary of Sassafras one Ounce of Frankincense powder'd one Dram of Diacodium a sufficient quantity make an Electuary let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening drinking upon it three Ounces of the following Decoction Take of the pectoral Decoction one Pint add to it in boiling of Balsam of Tolu three Drams of the Leaves of Ground-Ivy half an handful To the strained Liquor add two Ounces of Diacodium and one Ounce of Spirit of Carraways mingle them Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used Lastly He that would wholly prevent this Disease must be well Cloathed and must remove into a hot and dry Country CHAP. XIII Of the Head-ach HEad-ach in Latin Cephalalgia This word is used for all Pains of the Head in general but properly it only signifies a new Pain of the Head Cephalaea is an inveterate Pain of the Head Hemierania the Pain of one side of the Head It is also divided into external and internal Idiopathick and Sympathick and of these some are pricking others heavy and some beating an inward pain of the Head is seated upon the Meninges which lies deep and reaches to the Roots of the Eyes but the outward pain is seated upon the Pericranium and is exasperated when the Head is prest or the Roots of the Hair turned back An Idiopathick Pain is continual This does not proceed from the disorder of other parts but a Sympatick Pain does What that part is which communicates the pain to the Head may be easily known by the proper Signs of the affected part The pain of the Head proceeds from a cold Cause and from a hot Cause For the Cure of the former the Flegmatick Matter is to be evacuated by the following Pills Take of the Pills of Ambar one Scruple and an half of Cochiae Minor two Scruples and an half of Tartar vitriolated ten Grains of Peruvium Balsam a sufficient quantity mingle them make twelve Pills give six of them once a Week in the Morning The Bath is very effectual in this case the party being bathed and his Head washed with it Sneezing Powder is also very proper Sudorifick Decoctions are also very beneficial in iinveterate pains Take of Sarsa parilla and Gujacum each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water upon hot Ashes and boil them over a gentle Fire till half is consumed add to it Coriander Seeds and Liquorish or of Sugar and Cinnamon as much as is sufficient to give an agreeable taste Strain it and keep it in a Glass let him take half a Pint hot in a Morning for fifteen twenty or thirty days and let him have more Cloaths on than ordinary But this is to be noted in the use of Sudorifick decoctions that some Purging Medicine must be given once a Week from the very beginning of the Cure Specifick Remedies should be used and such an one is the following Epithem Take of the Powder of Zedoary one Draw of the Waters of Bettony Vervain and Elder each one Ounce mingle them apply it hot to the pained part with Scarlet Cloth Among the Specificks for the pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises Vervain is the chief whereof the distilled Water is applied to the Head and taken inwardly to four Ounces with four Drops of Spirit of Salt and Forestus says that he knew two sick People that were Cured by only hanging green Vervain about their Necks when other Medicines were used to no purpose If the pain of the Head proceed from a hot Cause give first a Glyster and then Bleed But a greater quantity of Blood is to be taken away when the Pain proceeds from Blood than when Choler abounds Afterwards some Medicines that Purge Choler must be given not only when Choler is the chief Cause but also when Blood is Luxuriant for the thinner part soon turns to Choler If by one Evacuation the peccant matter is not sufficiently purged the Purging Medicine must be repeated at due distances of time in the whole course of the Disease if the Belly be not fluid Glysters that are emollient cooling and gently Purging are to be injected every day For pains of the Head which come upon continual Feavers Sheeps Lungs taken out hot and applied to the Head do powerfully asswage the Pain Or Take of the Seeds of white Poppies two Drams of Saffron half a Scruple of Camphor one Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Populeon Oyntment spread them upon Leather and apply them to the Forehead And after general Evacuations derivation may be successfully used by Bleeding in the Forehead with a Lancet or with Leeches and by applying Blisters to the Neck In the mean while the Humours must be attemperated by Juleps and Emulsions Lastly If the Pain be very violent we must use Narcoticks outwardly and inwardly In every Pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises and will not yield to other Remedies the Head must be shaved and a large Blister applied all over it Diseases of the EYES CHAP. XIV Of a Gutta Serena WHen the Sight is lost and there is no apparent fault in the Eye it is occasioned by the hindrance of the influx of the Animal Spirits into the Eyes An Obstruction is the most ordinary cause of a Gutta Serena which is generated by a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Brain into the Optick Nerves But it is also certain that this Disease is occasioned by the compression of the Optick Nerves by Flegm coleated about them or with Blood or some other Matter heap'd up in that place whereby Tumors are made in those places and Experience shews that an inflamation of the Brain or Phrensie in malignant Feavers occasion Blindness Lastly Wounds in the Head whereby the Optick Nerves are cut hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits to the Eyes This Disease is known by the Eyes seeming to continue in their Natural State only the Pupil appears blacker and larger But there is great difficulty in distinguishing the Causes of it for though when it proceeds from Blood or Pus an Inflamation Abscess or Wound go before yet no sure Sign can be given to distinguish a compression by a Flegmatick Humour from an Obstruction Yet we may in some sort guess because in an Obstruction only of the
to the Cornea and produces various Diseases in it viz. Ulcers Hypopyon Albugo and others and Pustles and other Tumours and Wounds and Ulcers are common to both Tunicks So that all the Diseases of these Tunicks cannot be treated of a part and therefore we are forced to enter upon the Diseases of the Tunica adnata before we treat further of the Diseases of the Cornea Therefore beginning from an Ophthalmia which according to the Signification of the Word is nothing but an Inflammation of the Eye and is called in English Blearedness of the Eyes The conjunct Cause of an Ophthalmia is Cholerick Flegmatick or Melancholy Blood flowing into the Eyes or accumulated there There are many Causes of Fluxion both External and Internal The Causes of Congestion are all those things which occasion an Intempâ—ries or Weakness in the Eyes The Diagnostick of an Ophthalmia is easie for the Blood pour'd upon the Tunica adnata may be perceived by the Eyes if it be occasioned by Blood the whole Face as well as the Tunica adnata will look red and the Veins will appear large If it proceed from Cholerick Blood the Acrimony of the Tears will corrode the Angles of the Eyes and the Cheeks and there will be a violent pricking Pain If it proceed from Flegm theâ— will be a dull Pain and little Heat the Tears will not be sharp but the Eye will be much blear'd and full of viscous Matter If it proceed from Melancholy the Tumour will be small and the redness will incline to a brown Colour the Tears few and the clammy Matteâ— little but thick If the Fluxion arise from the inward Parts of the Head there will be a Head-ach that reaches to the Roots of the Eyes But if the Fluxion pass by the outward Vessels into the Eyes the Pain of the Head is more external the Veins of the Forehead are distended and a Pulsation is perceived in the Temples In order to the Cure of an Ophthalmia a cooling and moistening Diet must be appointed and such Meats as easily digest and rather boiled than roasted Spoon Meats rather than solid the Patient must avoid Acrid Salt and Pepper'd Meats and such as fill the Head with Vapours Milk Sugar and all sweet things must be avoided Wine is not good in the beginning but instead of it a Ptisan of Liquorice and Barly or some other cooling Liquor must be used Sleep is very beneficial because the Motion of the Eye then ceases whereby the Pain and Fluxion are excited the Sick should lie with his Head high on the well side All Motion of the Body must be forbid and Talking and the Belly must be kept open The Patient must keep himself free from Passions especially from Anger The Air must be temperate and pure and free from Smoak Dust and Winds and the Room must be darkned and the Eye must be covered with Black Green or Sky-coloured Cloth the well Eye must be also covered because when that moves to view an object the other is also moved The Course of Diet being thus appointed the external Causes from whence it most commonly arises must be removed A Collyrium must be presently prepared made of Rose and Plantane-water the white of an Egg and of Womans Milk and let it be dropp'd into the Eyes often in a Day and a Rag dipp'd in it must be applied over at the same time Sleep must be indulged as much as may be for it much furthers the Concocting or discussing of the Morbifick Matter If the Disease be not taken off with these things Remedies for a true Ophthalmia are to be used in the following manner A Clyster must be first injected and Blood must be drawn from the Part opposite to the Part affected and Bleeding must be repeated till a sufficient Evacuation and Revulsion are made for this Disease has been often cured by Bleeding alone but respect must be had to the Age the Sex and Constitution of the Sick and in those that have had some accustomed Evacuation suppressed as of the Courses or Hemorrhoids the inferior Veins must be opened or Leeches must be applied to the Hemorrhoids But after a sufficient Evacuation of Blood has made by Vene-section Revulsion must be also undertaken by applying Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification to the Back and Shoulders Frictions and Ligatures are also used to the Inferior Parts and to the foresaid Revulsions Derivation is to be joined which is made by opening the Veins of the Forehead and Temples and in the Angle of the Eye some apply Leeches to the Temples or behind the Ears all which kinds of Derivation are very useful after sufficient Evacuations Galen commends the opening of the Arteries of the Temples when the Ophthalmia proceeds from very hot and boiling Blood And though this kind of Remedy is seldom used in our Age yet it is very beneficial and without danger for in those lesser Arteries by Ligature only the Blood may be stopp'd Blisters are also of good use applied to the Neck and behind the Ears and after Bleeding has been sufficiently used Purging must be ordered that the hot Humours may be evacuated but you must Purge with gentle Medicines and such as cool the Blood as Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of Sena two drams of Rhubarb one dram and an half infuse them in Fountain Water To three Ounces of the strained Liquor add of Manna and of Syrup of Roses solutive each an ounce Make a Potion to be taken in the Morning or the following Bolus may be used Take of Cassia newly extracted six drams double Catholicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram with a sufficient quantity of Sugar make a Bolus In a Flegmatick Ophthalmia Pills are frequently prescribed as Pills of Agarick and the like which although they be very proper when the Disease is at its height yet in the beginning it is better to let them alone lest the Humours being put in a Commotion by the sharpness of the Medicine may cause a greater fluxion upon the Part. Neither is one Purge sufficient but they must be frequently repeated if the Disease prove tedious convenient preparations being premised as Apozems and Juleps proper for the peccant Humour In the first place the heat of the Humours is to be temperated from the beginning of the Disease by refrigerating and thickning Juleps or with an Emulsion of the four greater cold Seeds Lettice and white Poppy Seed made with some cooling Decoction to which may be added Rose-water Universal Evacuations and Revulsions being premised Topicks are to take place and such as are repelling from the beginning ought to be used Nevertheless the more rational Practitioners do advise not to apply repelling Collyriums at the beginning of the Disease Because for the most part they six the Humour that slows upon the Part and so augment the pain and inflamation Galen does censure an Oculist because he proposed repelling Medicines to be used at the beginning of an inflamation Nevertheless astringent
that it be not altogether taken away lest the contrary Distemper viz. a Rhyas be produced CHAP. XXX Of an Epiphora BY the Name of an Epiphora in general a flux of Humours into any part whatsoever is understood Nevertheless it is most commonly taken for the flux of a thin Humour from the Eyes which is also called involuntary Tears which use to flow from the Corners of the Eyes continually To the Production of these Tears which preternaturally flow from the Eyes the ill disposition both of the part sending and the part receiving do concurr The part which sends is the Brain which being affected with a cold or hot Intemperies generates watery Humours and sends them to the inferior Parts which are fit to receive them The recipient Part is the gland by the greater Corner of the Eye and the Caruncle placed above the same Corner The thinness or thickness of which Parts or any other weakness is the Cause why they so easily receive the Humouts that flow into them This Humour is carried from the Brain into the Corners of the Eyes sometimes by the internal Veins and sometimes by the external The Humour causing an Epiphora is sometimes cold and then it produces no other Inconvenience to the Sick but the troublesomness of the Fluxion But sometimes it is accompanied with Saltness and Sharpness and then it produces Pain Redness and also the Exulceration of the Eye-lids As to the Prognostick A new Epiphora occasioned by external Causes is easily cured especially in those that are Young When it is of long continuance and in an old Person it is very hard to be cured That which proceeds from other Distempers as from an Oegylops Fistula Lachrimalis and the like altogether depends upon the Cure of those Diseases The Cure of this Disease consists in taking away of the Fluxion and in strengthening the recipient Part. The Fluxion is to be removed by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation of the Peccant Humour and the strengthening of the Part from which it is transmitted The Peccant or Serous Humour abounding in the Brain is evacuated by Bleeding and Purging Bleeding in a cold Intemperies of the Brain is not proper unless there appears manifest Signs of a Plethora But in a hot Intemperies when the Humours are sharp Bleeding is very proper and may be repeated twice or thrice if it be needful Such Purging Medicines must be used as agree with the Nature of the Patient Revulsion of the Humour must be made by Cupping-Glasses applied to the Shoulders often by Blisters frequently applied to the Neck or by Issues in the hinder Part of the Head or in the Arms. Forestus says when the Disease is obstinate a Blister applied to the forepart of the Head does much good For Derivation Leeches applied behind the Ears are proper and Masticatories used in a Morning And least the Humours once evacuated should be generated again the Brain must be strengthened and dried and if it be of a cold Intemperies such things must be used as are proper to correct it if of a hot such coolling Medicines must be used as peculiarly respect the Head And whilst the foresaid Remedies are in use Topical Remedies must be applied to the Part receiving and first if the Humour flows by the external Veins astringents must be applied to the Forehead and Temples and if the Fluxion proceed from an hot an acrid Humour the following Cataplasm must be applied Take of Bole Armenic Dragons Blood Balaustines and of Myrtles each one dram and an half of Acacia and Hypocistis each one dram of Frankincense and Mastich each two scruples of red Roses one pugil pouder them and mix them with the white of an Egg and a little Vinegar make a Cataplasm wrap it in a Rag and apply it to the foresaid Parts and when 't is dry renew it If it be occasioned by a cold Humour the following Cerate must be applied Take of Frankincense and Mastick each one dram and an half of Gum Anime Tacamahacca and Blood-stone each one dram of Gum Juniper two scruples of Turpentine and Wax a sufficient quantity make a Cerate But to the part affected astringent and drying Collyria must be applied made in the following manner Take of Tutty prepared one dram of Sarcocol moistned half a dram of Frankincense and Mastich each half a scruple of Spikenard grains six make Troches mix them with the White of an Egg and Juice of Quinces and apply them to the Corner of the Eye Or Take of Aloes Cypress Nuts Frankincense Mastich Myrrh each two drams of prepared Tutty Sarcocol moistned each one dram and an half of Dragons Blood Barberries Summach Red Roses each one scruple powder them finely and mix them with Fennel-water and make a Collyrium When the Fluxion is hot the following is best Take of white Troches of Rhasis without Opium of Sarcocol moistned of Acacia and Olibanum each one dram of the Stones of Myrobalans burn'd of white and red Coral each half a dram of Pearls half a scruple of the Juice of Pomgranates boil'd half away a sufficient quantity Make a Collyrium If redness of the Eyes accompanies an Epiphora the following is proper Take of grains of Sumach bruised one scruple of Plantane-water one ounce infuse them for some time then press then out hard and add of Rose-water and Eye-bright-water and of the White of an Egg well beaten each half an ounce of Sugar-Candy finely powder'd one scruple Make a Collyrium CHAP. XXXI Of the Disease of the Eye called Unguis Oculorum IT is a hard and nervous Membrane that arises from the greater Angle of the Eye it first covers the White of the Eye and then the Black and the whole Pupil and so it hinders Sight Sometimes it is thin and white and sometimes fleshy and consists of many bloody Veins This Disease arises from an Ulcer of the Flesh in the Angle of the Eye upon which account an inequality arises in the part which in time grows to this covering It is difficultly cured for the sharp Medicines that are necessary for taking it off must be used leasurely and by degrees by reason of the exquisite Sense of the Eye When it is of a moderate bigness it may be cured by Medicines but when it hath extended it self to the Black of the Eye and is become inverate it can be cured only by manual Operation When it is thick and hard and of a blackish Colour it is of a Cancerous Nature and can never be cured The Cure must be directed to the antecedent and conjunct Cause With respect to the antecedent Cause such course of Diet must be ordered as hath been propos'd for other Diseases of the Eyes arising from Fluxion Evacuations and Revulsions are also to be used and after sufficient Evacuation such Topicks are to be applied as may consume it beginning with those that are gentle such as are prescribed for taking off Spots but if they are not sufficient stronger must be used Forestus
commends the following Collyrium very much Take of the Juice of Fennel four ounces of the Juice of Celandine three ounces of the Juice of Rue two ounces of the Juice of Mallows two ounces and an half of Aloes one dram of Vitriol two scruple of Verdigrease one scruple of Ginger and Cinnamon half a scruple of the Gall of an Eele of Ox Gall or Hogs Gall two drams of Sugar-Candy two scruples boil the Juices add the rest and clarifie them so make a Collyrium But before and after the use of these things the Eye must be fomented with an emollient Decoction But if it cannot be cured by Topical Remedies you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation the manner whereof is describ'd by Celsus and others Of Diseases of the EARS CHAP. XXXII Of Deafness and Difficulty of Hearing WE treat of Deafness and Difficulty of Hearing in the same Chapter because they proceed from the same Causes and differ only in degree They are either occasioned by Diseases of the Head or by a fault in the Ears A Cold Intemperies of the Brain repletion or weakness or any other Disorder especially in that Part from whence the Nerves of Hearing arise may occasion Deafness of Difficulty of Hearing The fault of the Ear may be in the inward or outward part of it In the outward Cavity a perfect or imperfect Stoppage by reason of a Tumor Abscess Blood Matter Flegm or other things from within or without may occasion a difficulty of Hearing But it is to be noted that though the outward Cavity be quite stopped yet perfect Deafness will not follow for sounds can pass through the Mouth to the Ears for there is an open Passage from the Pallate to the inward Cavity of the Ears which serves for the cleansing the Ears aad those that are Deaf are wont to open their Mouths that they may hear the better And if Travelling by Night you put one end of your Stick or the point of your Sword betwixt your Teeth and the other end on the Ground you will easier hear a noise from a far and Footsteps of those that follow you In the inward part of the Ear Humours collected in the inward Cavity flowing principally from the Head most commonly Flegmatick but sometimes Cholerick occasion Deafness or Difficulty of Hearing But these Humours are sometimes transmitted to the Ears from the whole Body as in continual Fevers especially when they are malignant but it also proceeds from an ill Conformation of the Organs of Hearing as when the Tympanum is relaxed by a violent noise or from moisture And for this reason very many deaf People hear worst in a Southerly Constitution because the Membrane is relaxed by the moisture of the Air But sometimes the Tympanum is stretched and dried too much as after acute Diseases Watching or Fasting and sometimes it is broke by violent Motions or corroded by Matter But sometimes Matter and Blood flow from the Ear in great Concussions without any injury to the Hearing when they break out betwixt the Bone and the Membrane or if other Parts of the Ear are disordered from the Birth or by reason of some external Cause as from a Fall a Blow or the like Lastly a cold Intemperies occasioned by cold Air or cold Water falling into Ear or the immoderate use of Narcoticks or of other Medicines may occasion this Disease To distinguish particularly all those Causes by their Signs is very difficult yet they may be guest at in the following manner If Deafness happen by reason of a Disease in the Headâ— some other Senses are also hurt or some peculiar Disease appears in the Brain as pain or dulness of the Head Apoplexy Lethargy or the like The Stoppage of the outward Cavities of the Ears may be perceived by the Eyes if by the Sun you look into the Cavities for then you may see whether it be a Tumour or gross Matter or any other Heterogeneous Substance and then you may know by the relation of the Patient whether any thing is fall'n into the Ear. But if the inward Cavity be filled with some Humour we may reasonably suppose it is Flegm if a Flegmatick Fluxion troubled the Sick before or if he has been frequently subject to such Fluxions But if a Cholerick Humour occasions this Disease a Cholerlck Fever afflicts the Sick or went before and it is also accompanied with violent Pain if it proceed from Blood the Pain is heavy and Blood abounds in the whole Body The looseness and moisture of the Tympanum is known by moist Causes going before and by a moist Intemperies seizing some other Part for it can scarce be imagined that moisture should only seize this part Too much driness or tensity of Tympanum may be known by the driness of the whole Body and drying Causes going before We may also guess at the Rupture or Errosion of the Drum if the violent corroding and tearing Causes above-mentioned went before As to the Prognosticks of this Disease Deafness from the Birth or which has continu'd a long while and is absolute is incurable And that which is not absolute but of a long standing is seldom or never cured That Deafness which proceeds from Choler or Blood in acute and continual Fevers commonly goes off when the Fever ceases Difficulty of Hearing if it be not soon cured degenerates into a perfect Deafness if the Drum be broke and if a Cicatrix be left upon it the Deafness is incurable That Deafness which encreases and decreases by intervals is curable As to the Cure That Deafness which proceeds from a Disease of the Head requires no other Cure than what is requisite for the Cure of the said Disease that which arises from a Tumour that is hard and inveterate is incurable But if it be hot and inflamed the Cure of it is proposed in the Chapter of Pains of the Ears But if it proceed from Matter collected in the Ear see the Chapter of the things that come preternaturally from the Ear. If it proceed from driness it must be cured by a moistning Diet by long Sleep and by washing the Head with warm Water and dropping moistning things into the Ear as Oil of sweet Almonds and the like If it proceed from any thing dropp'd into the Ear that must be forthwith wash'd out shook out or extracted and if some little Animal has crept into the Ear it must either be allur'd out or kill'd The Ears are wash'd by pouring in such things as moisten smoothen and dilate them as Milk Oil of sweet Almonds or some mollifying or loosning Decoction Things are shook out of the Ears by Sneezing It is also good in this case to bend the Ear downwards and to hop upon the Leg of the same side for by this means Boys shake Water out of their Ears when they have been swimming But if those things do not succeed you must endeavour to extract it by carefully putting an Ear Pitcher beyond it or with a pair of Forceps
often in a day But if the foresaid Remedies will not do the business and if the Tooth near the Ulcer be rotten it must be drawn out and the Ulcer will be soon cured otherwise it will be incurable CHAP. L. Of Blood flowing from the Gums BLOOD sometimes flows in a great quantity from the Gums either Critically or Symptomatically But though a Critical Hemorrhage seldom happens by the Gums yet that it does so sometimes Experience and the Observations from Authors show It flows Symptomatically from the Gums by reason of its Acrimony and of the vitious Constitution of the Spleen and also the Scurvy It also sometimes flows plentifully after the drawing of a Tooth the little Artery being torn which was inserted into the Root of the Tooth upon which account sometimes so much Blood flows as kills the Patient The Cure of a Symptomatick Flux is performed by Bleeding and Purging and other Remedies that correct the Disorders of the Bowels afterwards Topicks must be used that are of an Astringent Nature in the form of a Gargarism Lotion Powder Liniment or Opiate If a great quantity of Blood flows upon drawing a Tooth Revulsion first must be made by Bleeding and Cupping-glasses and Astringent Medicines must be applied to the part as a Cataplasm made of Bole-armenick Dragons Blood sealed Earth and other Astringents mixed with the white of an Egg. If these things do not do the Patient must apply his Finger to the part from whence the Blood flows and must be kept there so long till the Blood coagulated upon the Orifice of the Artery stops the Flux If the Blood cannot be stopt by these gentle means stronger must be used Chalcitis burnt and applied stops Blood wonderfully Gum-arabick powder'd and the Cavity fill'd with it is also of use So is also the Powder called Thuraloes applied with the white of an Egg and Hares Down CHAP. LI. Of Vlcers of the Mouth and Jaws SMALL and Superficial Ulcers of the Mouth are called Aphthae and when they are large they go under the common name of Ulcers as those are that happen to Pocky People These Ulcers are wont to be generated by Acrid Humours or Vapors translated from various parts of the Body to the Jaws So in Malignant Feavers such Ulcers frequently happen and to those which are of a hot Constitution and are subject to an Intemperies of the Parts and to others that abound with corrupted Humours upon which Account Children are frequently troubled with Aphthae These Ulcers are various not only for that some are small some greater and because some trouble Children and some grown People but also because an Inflammation accompanies some of them and others it do's not These various Degrees happen according to the variety of Humours from whence they are generated for either they proceed from Blood Choler Flegm or Melancholy or rather from black Choler which is of a burning and malignant Quality But these Differences may be known by their proper Signs for red Ulcers proceed from Blood yellow from Choler white from Flegm livid from black Choler a stinking Ulcer signifies Putrefaction As to the Prognostick Aphthae properly so called are easily cured but deep Ulcers or such as are putrid are difficultly cured and they are most dangerous in Children both because they spread more by reason of the Softness of their Flesh and also because they cannot bear strong Medicines upon which account Children sometimes die of them if they are accompanied with Putrefaction and Malignity And with respect to the Cause from whence they proceed they are more or less Dangerous if they proceed from Flegm there is little Danger if from Blood or Choler there is more if from black Choler most of all Black and crusty Ulcers are deadly especially in Children Ulcers of the Jaws accompanied with a Feaver are dangerous As to the Cure a cooling and drying Diet must be ordered to hinder the Generation of the Antecedent Cause wherefore if in Children the Disease arises from a Fault in the Milk either the Nurse must be changed or her Milk must be corrected by proper Meats and Drinks and by Bleeding and purging if there be Occasion But you must be sure to prescribe a cooling and astringent Diet to the Nurse as Quinces Pears Medlars Lettice and Purslain The same must be prescribed for grown People and they must avoid acrid salt and peppered Meats Moreover with respect to the antecedent Cause universal Evacuations must be prescribed according to the Age of the Sick and first Bleeding makes a powerful Revulsion of Humours flowing to the Part and attemperates their Acrimony and cools the whole Body Afterwards Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied Leeches behind the Ears and under the Chin and a Blister must be applied to the Neck The next Day after Bleeding Purging must be ordered suitable to the peccant Humour and the Age At the same time viz. From the very beginning of the Cure Topicks must be applied but such as are gentle must be first used as Gargarisms or Lotions made with the Waters of Plantain or Honey-suckle and sweetned with Syrup of dried Roses or of Mulberries or of a Decoction of Plantain Leaves Bramble-tops knot-grass Balaustins red Sanders and the like with the foresaid Syrups And if there be an Inflammation it is proper to add the Juice of Night-shade House-leek or of Purslain and Sal Prunella in such Quantity as may not sharpen it too much or instead of them a small Quantity of Crude Allum may be mixed with it If there be no Inflammation Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur is the only Remedy which may be used by it self to grown People The Ulcer being touched with a Stick wrapped round the top with a Rag dipt in it and so simple Aphthae will be cured immediately But for Children the Spirit must be mixed with Honey of Roses to mitigate the Sharpness and must be used with a Stick as above directed If the Ulcers are very painful and accompanied with Inflammation the Mouth must be often gargled with Milk or with an Emulsion of the cold Seeds or with a Mucilage of the Seeds of Fleabean and of Quinces extracted with Plantain and Rose-water Lastly If the pain be so very obstinate that it cannot be appeased by the Revulsions and Topicks proposed but by Reason of the Violence of it sharp Humours are continually attracted and long Watchings occasioned and a Wasting of the whole Body whereby the Life is much endangered the last Remedy are Narcoticks which ease the Pain and hinders the Influx of the Humours they are to be dosed according to the Age and Strength of the Patient I cured a Boy says Riverius of four Years of Age when he was just dying by giving him a grain of Laudanum His Jaws and Tongue were full of deep Ulcers and the Inflammation so great that he cou'd not bear Topick Remedies and the Flux of Humours so much that they flowed perpetually out of his Mouth like a Stream and the
none at all may be adjudged for Life or Death whereas on the contrary by Bleeding the Morbifick Matter is in my power and the Orifice of the Vein may supply the use of the Aspera arteria for I confidently assert that this Disease which if it be treated by the Method we have spoken against is deservedly reckon'd among the most dangerous may be as certainly and as safely cured by the Method I have now prescribed as any other Disease whatever nor could I ever find the least Injury befall any one by so large an Evacuation of Blood though unskilful People think otherwise but for as much as the Cure of this Disease almost wholly consists in Bleeding repeated which being performed in places far distant from populous Towns by unskilful Surgeons and Farriers Poor People are often in danger of losing their Arms and their Lives are hazarded by the Pricking of a Tendon I thought sit to add here the Cure of such Punctures when they happen They whose Tendons are prick'd do not presently perceive a Pain but twelve Hours after Bleeding they complain of it not so much in the Orifice lately made as in the Parts tending to the Arm-pits where at length the Pain fixes and is chiefly perceived when the Arm is extended But the part hurt has no great Swelling that scarce exceeding the bigness of a Hazel-nut an Ichor continually distills from the Orifice which is the chief sign of a Puncture of a Tendon I have known it cured in the following manner Take of the Roots of white Lillies four ounces boil them till they are soft in a quart of Cows Milk then take of Oat-meal and of the Meal of Flax-seeds each three ounces boil the Meal to the consistence of a Pultis in a sufficient quantity of the Milk strained from the aforesaid Roots and mingle the Roots mash'd make a Cataplasm apply it hot Morning and Evening to the part affected CHAP. LVI Of a Peripneumonia A Peripneumonia is an Inflammation of the Lungs with an acute Feaver a Cough and a difficulty of Breathing They that have this Disease perceive a great Inflammation in the Breast with a Swelling of the Lungs and sometimes a pricking Pain they labour for Breath and Breath is short the Feaver is accompanied with great Thirst Watchings and a troublesom Cough and the Spiâ—tle Bloody or streaked with Blood The formal reason and the conjunct cause of a Peripneumonia consist in the Febrile Effervescence of the Blood together with the Stopage of it in the narrow passages of the Lungs which occasions an Inflammation there It is observed that a Peripneumonia frequently follows or comes upon a Pleurisie or succeeds a Quinsie As to the Prognosticks of this Disease common Experience does attest that 't is a very dangerous Disease for many either dye of it or very difficultly recover Health and this is manifest from its Aetiology for a Wound with a great Extravasation or Stagnation of Blood made in the Lungs is very difficultly cured and the affected place is never restored to its Pristine State The Prognostick Signs which are of chiefest note are taken from appearance of the Symptoms and from the nature of things evacuated and from the degrees of Strength A Peripneumonia coming upon a Pleurisie or Quinsie most commonly is worse than when it comes of it self or succeeds either of them But if upon this Disease after what manner soever begun an acute Feaver presently follows with great Thirst Watchings and an Orthopnoea it is ill and yet much worse if a Delirium or Phrensie or Convulsive Motions or an Hemiplegia come upon it Moreover The Patient is as much indangered if he be very Short-breathed if he be troubled with Vomiting or frequent Swooning away a weak Pulse or cold Sweats For while these Symptoms are urgent the Obstruction of the Blood in the Lungs is not at all removed nothing is digested or spit up but the Circulation of the Blood being more and more obstructed and its Accension by Respiration hindred the Animal Spirits are much disordered so that at length the Strength is quite spent and the Vital Flame extinguished As to the Prognosticks from things evacuated we observe a Peripneumonia to be dangerous when nothing is spit up Next to this when the Spittle is thin and crude mixed with Blood it 's far better when the Spittle is yellow and thick streaked with a little Blood The Urine being yellow from the beginning and of a good Consistence with a cloud in the midst shews that almost all the Impurities are lodged in the place affected when from that state it is changed into a thick and turbid Urine it shews that the Morbifick Matter is resorbed from that part into the Blood But if such kind of Urine be suddenly changed into a thin one then a Delirium or Death it self is at hand Much Sweat and plenty of Urine a Diarrhaea Bleeding at Nose the Flux of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids are good Signs in this Disease yea any of these Evacuations happening seasonably do frequently discharge the Disease The condition of Strength is ever of great Moment in making a due Prognostick in this Disease for oftentimes when there be dreadful Symptoms as a violent Feaver a difficulty of Breathing with a Cough Watchings and other ill Signs if the Pulse be as yet strong and the Animal Spirits vigorous there is more hope of the Patient than when these things are more sedate if the Pulse be weak and the Spirits torpid and oppress'd The first Indication of Cure in a Peripneumonia is That the Blood impacted in the Vessels of the Lungs and causing Obstruction and Inflammation may be discussed from thence and restored to its wonted Circulation but if it cannot be done the second Indication will be that the Matter be duly digested or suppurated and presently spit up While the former Indication prevails the Intentions of Healing may be these following First That the more plentiful Flux of Blood to the part affected be prevented Secondly We must endeavour that the Blood stagnating or extravasated in the Lungs be resorbed again by the Veins into the rest of the Mass and restored to Circulation And that it may be the better done the Blood ought thirdly to be freed from its Clamminess whereby its Fluidity is hindred Fourthly We must take care of the most urgent Symptoms viz. The Feaver Cough Watchings and difficulty of Breathing But if notwithstanding all these things the other Indication shall come into use it will be requisite to prescribe maturating and expectorating Medicines vulgarly so called together with these Remedies just mentioned That we may answer the first and second Intention together Bleeding is for the most part requisite in every Peripneumonia yea sometimes it ought to be frequently repeated for the Vessels being emptied of Blood do not only withdraw the Nourishment of the Disease but do often resorbe the Matter impacted in the part affected Wherefore if Strength remain and the Pulse
of this Consumption beginning are Faintness and want of Appetite without any notable Feaver Cough or short Breath though in progress of the Disease when the habit of the Body is wasted some difficulty of Breathing as is usual in all that are Faint may be perceived This Disease is very difficultly cured if the Physician be not made use of at first it ends in an Hydropical and Oedematous Tumour of the Body especially of the lower parts and then the Disease is past all hope The main of the business must be performed by Stomachick Medicines and such as strengthen the Nerves such are Chalybeats Antiscorbuticks and Cephalicks and bitter things of every kind For Instance Let the Sick take if his Body be bound four Ounces of the bitter Decoction with Senna and every fourth night two Ounces of Tinctura Sacra or of the Tinctura of Hiera Picra made in the Waters of Rue Black Cherries Compound Peony In his ordinary Drink hang a Bag of Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks an hour before Dinner let him take half a Dram of Elixir Proprietatis in a Draught of Whitewine wherein Wormwood has been infused Apply to the Region of the Stomach the Magisterial Stomachick Plaister with a few drops of the Chymical Oyl of Cinnamon and Wormwood or foment the Stomach daily with Aromatick Bags made of the Leaves of Mint and Wormwood Cinnamon Mace Zedoary Galingal Cyperus and Sweet-smelling Flag and boil'd in Claret If it be Summer-time let him drink Chalybeat Waters if Winter Syrup of Steel or the Wine of it made by quenching Filings of Steel in good Whitewine three or four times then by infusing in it Zedoary Galingal Nutmegs sharp Cinnamon Mace Cubebs and Cloves grosly beaten But amongst Chalybeats Mynsichts extract is thought the best which must be given in the form of a Bole or of Pills for the space of twenty or thirty days For Instance Take of the Extract of Mynsicht half a scruple Balsam of Gilead seven drops of Haly's Powder six grains of the Compound Powder of Wake-Robin four grains of the Powder of Liquorish a sufficient quantity make Pills of an ordinary size repeat them every day once Opobalsamum by it self as also Spirit of Harts-horn and Spirit of Sal-armoniack are very effectual in this case because they are agreeable to the Nerves For Instance Let the Sick take eight or ten drops of Opobalsam or of Spirit of Harts-horn in a sufficient quantity of Sugar-candy Let him endeavour to make himself Chearful by Exercise and Company for this Disease most commonly proceeds from Care and Sorrow and let him live in a good and open Air And because the Stomach is chiefly affected in this Disease he must eat a delicate sort of Meat and not be too long accustomed to any one The Consumption that proceeds from Innanition is next to be discoursed of and first Of that which proceeds from an Hemorrhage whither by the Nostrils or from the Lungs by Coughing or from the Jaws by Hawking or from the Stomach by Vomit or from the Reins by Urine or from the Hemorrhoidal or Uterin Vessels in the customary monthly Purgation or from hard Labour or lastly from Wounds when there has been a great and long Flux of Blood In this case the Hemorrhage must be first stopt by thickning Remedies and by binding hard the extream parts and if there be occasion and the Sick have Strength Bleeding must be used frequently but sparingly you must apply if the part will admit of it Galen's Stiptick Plaister the Royal Stiptick Water Oxycrat cold Ink Ashes of Hair a little burnt in a Retort and with Vinegar made up in the form of a Cataplasm true Bole Dragons blood and the like and they must be often renewed Let the Sick take inwardly three or four times a day twenty or thirty drops or more of the Royal Stiptick-water in a Draught of the Milk-water and five or six Spoonfuls of the clarified Juices of Plantane and Nettles or let him take frequently in a Spoon the following Linctus Take of Syrup of Purslain three ounces of true Bole Dragons blood of the Troches of Spodium and of sealed Earth each two scruples of Japan Earth one dram of Gum-Tragacanth a sufficient quantity dissolved in Plantane-water mingle them make a Linctus Or let him take thrice a day the quantity of a Nutmeg of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of red Roses one ounce of the Troches of Ambar three drams of true Bole and of Dragons blood each half a dram with Syrup of Myrtles make an Electuary Let him take also every night at Bed-time five or six Spoonfuls of the following Julep shaking the Viol when he uses it Take of Plantane-water six ounces of Cinnamon-water hordeated three ounces of distilled Vinegar half an ounce of true Bole and of Dragons blood each half a dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Myrtles one ounce and an half make a Julep The Flux of Blood being stopt we must endeavour by all means to raise the weak Blood with new and good Chyle and to extinguish the Febrile Flame if it be begun least a Consumption should follow wherefore the Sick must be frequently nourished with good Broths and variety of Meats that are full of Nourishment and of easie Digestion and pleasant to the Stomach but he must be sure to abstain from Wine and from things salted and spiced and because this sort of Sick and all other that are inclining to a Consumption are subject to Anger Sorrow Oppressions of the Hypochonders Hysterick Passions and want of Appetite upon which account they can neither eat plentifully nor digest well They must endeavour to recreate themselves and to take the Benefit of a wholsome and free Air which most commonly does more good than Medicines But if the Sick be Hectick the Peruvian bark given freely is of admirable Vertue and if there be occasion the Sick must use a Milk Diet or Chalybeat Waters but you must by no means Loosen the Body A Consumption also often arises from a simple Gonorrhaea and the Whites also from Imposthumes and large Ulcers and also from giving Suck from a Loosness and Dysentery from a Diabetes from Salivation a Dropsie violent Sweating and the like But a Consumption of the Lungs is the chief The Cause in general of it is an ill Disposition of the whole Mass of Blood and of the Nervous Spirit contracted by degrees by the various Procatarctick Causes whereby the Acrid and Malignant Serum of the Blood separated by the soft and glandulous Paranchyma of the Lungs stuffs and inflames them and at last causes Ulcers which is indeed the containing Cause of this Disease The Procatarctick Causes are first a Suppression of the usual and necessary Evacuations as of the Courses the Lochia of old Ulcers of Issues of Sweat by the Soles of the Feet and other parts of the Body and the like without correcting and removing the Causes on which they depend whereby the Blood
is vitiated Secondly Great Passions of the Mind especially Fear Sorrow Anger deep Thinking unseasonable and too hard Study and the like Thirdly Eating and Drinking too much and unseasonably especially Drinking too much of Wine and Spirituous Liquors Fourthly Neglect of due Exercise Fifthly Long Watching Sixthly Marshy and gross Air and Smoak of Coals Seventhly An Hereditary Disposition Eighthly An ill Conformation of the Breast Ninthly Contagion Tenthly Stones generated Preternaturally in the Lungs Eleventhly Particular Diseases which corrupt the Blood and Spirits By these and such-like Procatarctick Causes the Body being predisposed for a Consumption the Disease takes its rise immediately from taking Cold. For the Cure of an original Consumption of the Lungs Blood must be drawn from the Arm especially if the Sick be Plethorick or accustomed a long while to Blood-letting and let six seven eight or ten Ounces be taken away Secondly It is requisite after Bleeding especially if the Disease took its rise from a Surfet or is accompanied with Nauseousness or a Disposition to Vomiting to give a gentle Vomit of Honey or of Oxymel of Squills and sometimes of the Vinum Benedictum in a moderate quantity The Vomit especially if the Sick bear it well and if it be necessary may be repeated three or four times at the distance of three or four days betwixt each Vomit It is best to give the Vomit towards the Evening the Sick being blooded the day before and at Bed-time after every Vomit you must give an Anodyn Take of Honey of Squills half an ounce give it in a Draught of Posset-drink and repeat twice or thrice in an hour if the Sick does not Vomit enough This is proper for Children and young People Take of Oxymel of Squills and of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each one ounce mingle them let the Sick take it in a large Draught of Posset-drink and let it be repeated twice or thrice in an hour if there be occasion Or Take of Vinum Benedictum seven drams Syrup of Violets two drams mix them and make a Potion for Vomiting And if it be needful you may give of Oxymel of Squills and Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each half an ounce in a Draught of Posset-drink twice or thrice in the Operation Salt of Vitriol is not at all convenient in this case because it irritates and pricks continually the Glandulous parts about the Jaws and so promotes the Flux of the Serum and increases the Cough After the Vomit hath done working give the following Opiat or the like Take of the Pectoral Decoction clarified four ounces of Tincture of Saffron two drams of Helmont's liquid Laudanum fifteen drops of Syrup of Violets two drams mingle them make a Draught or you may give ten grains of the Pill of Hounds-tongue or of Storax Thirdly It is convenient to Purge gently by Stool the Humours by Stomachick Purges and the like which the least agitate the Blood For Instance Take of choice Manna and of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each one ounce and an half or two ounces dissolve them in a Pint of hot Ptisan let the Sick drink half in Bed and the rest half an hour after when he is up Or Take of the best Senna two drams of Cassia with the Canes broke and of Tamarinds each half an ounce of the Seeds of Coriander prepared half a dram boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain or Barnet water to eight ounces dissolve in it an ounce of Manna and half a dram of Sal-prunella Let the Sick take half in the Morning and the rest half an hour afterwards And every Night after Purging give an Opiate to asswage the Blood and to quiet the Lungs least a new Flux of Humours should fall upon the Lungs by the Agitation of the Blood occasioned by the Purge For the same reason it is proper to mix some Opiate with Stomachick Purges to be taken at Bed Time For Instance Take of Aloes-rosat one scruple or twenty five grains of the Pills of Hounds-tongue half a Scruple mingle them make four Pills to be gilded which are to be repeated every other Night after the Patient hath been blooded These Pills are vulgarly called Pilulae Catarrhales by the Apothecaries for they do not only evacuate the Humours by Stool but also hinder a new Flux of them to the Lungs Or Take of the Stomachick Pills with Gums Aleophagin of Mastich or of Ambar half a dram or two scruples of London Laudanum one grain mingle them make four Pills gild them and let them be taken every third Night for thrice And if the Catarrh be very violent and if a Difficulty of Breathing or a straitness on the Breast does not arise from the Use of Opiates an Opiat must be given every Night for at the beginning of this Disease nothing considerable can be done without them Fourthly In this State of the Disease Diaphorecticks do much Good but you must take notice that they must be never used before Bleeding Vomiting and Purging if they are necessary and they must be always mixed with Opiates and such must be chosen as are least hot Take of venice-treacle half a dram or two scruples of Conserve of old red Roses half a dram mingle them make a Bolus Or Take of Diascordium and conserve of Wood-sorrel each one dram make a Bolus Or Take of Matthew's Pill fifteen grains make two Pills gild them and let them be taken at bed-time Or Take of the Pill of Hounds-tongue twelve grains of Diaphoretick Antimony one scruple of Tincture of Saffron a sufficient quantity mingle them make four Pills These Diaphoreticks must be taken at Bed-time and great Care must be taken that the Sick does not take Cold after the use of them Blisters must also be applyed to the Arms and betwixt the Shoulders and Pectoral Medicines must be used when the Sick does not Purge Take of Oyl of sweet Almonds of Syrup of Maiden-hair of Jujubs Violets or of Marsh-mallows each one ounce and an half of White Sugar-candy one dram and an half mingle them exactly whereof let the Sick take a Spoonful every fourth Hour drinking upon it four ounces of the following Apozem hot Take of the Pectoral Decoction clarified one Pint and an half of Tincture of Saffron extracted with treacle-water of Syrup of Maiden-hair Scabious or of Jujubs each one ounce mingle them make an Apozem If you desire to have a more thickning Linctus Take of fresh Oyl of sweet Almonds of Syrups of Comfrey of red-poppies of dried Roses each one ounce and an half of Diacodium half an ounce of Sugar of Roses one dram and an half mingle them make a Linctus If you wou'd have a more lubricating Linctus Take of fresh Oyl of Flax extracted without Fire of Syrup of Liquorish and of Honey of Violets one ounce and an half of white Sugar-candy one dram and an half mingle them exactly make a Linctus If there be a Feaver omit the Hissop and Tincture of Saffron if there be a Loosness use the
it is fit to add Chalk Coral Dragons-blood and other temperating astringent and emplastick Medicines which in some manner fix and mitigate the Ferment of the Blood For Instance Take of the Waters of Tormentil Oak-buds each three ounces Cinnamon-water hordiated four ounces of Aqua-mirahilis one ounce of Pearls and Coral prepared and of Chalk each two scruples of true Bole and Dragons-blood each half a dram of Japâ—n Earth a scruple of destilled Vinegar or Spirit of Vitriol as much as is sufficient to make it gratefully acid Syrup of Mirtles an ounce and an half Mingle them make a Julep let the Sick take two or three ounces of it every third or fourth hour shaking the Viol every time it is used The Cloaths on the Bed must be also lessened and the Sick must be removed into a thin warm and free Air let him always sleep in a large Room and as soon as his Strength begins to fail the Sweat must be rubbed off with dry Linnen Cloaths a little warmed and the Patient must be removed to the other Part of the Bed As to the violent Vomiting that seises Consumptive Persons at the latter end there is little Help to be afforded by Art only the Physician ought to assist by his prudent Counsels since he cannot by Medicines First therefore The Sick ought to be ordered to eat little though frequently at a time Secondly He must eat those things that afford good Nourishment and are of easie Digestion Thirdly After eating he must avoid as much as he can Coughing Sleeping and lying down Sometimes it happens after the Putrid Feaver begins especially if the Evacuation of the Colliquative Matter by Stool or by other ways is hindered by Art that Nature indeavours tho in vain the Protrusion of the Enemy by the Salivary Ducts or the glandulous Tunick of the Mouth and Oesophagus by which means a troublesome Spitting arises that continues for many Weeks Secondly by reason of the Acrimony of the Humour evacuated by these Parts an Inflammation not only of the Membrane of the Mouth but also of the Oesophagus and Stomach follows Thirdly By the Inflammation an Ulceration is occasioned and from thence little Ulcers called Aphthâ—â— accompanied with a very troublesom Pain of the Throat And Lastly An Hicop that is very troublesom arises from the Inflammation and Exulceration Which Symptoms as they are troublesome so are they sometimes long and always deadly for the Cause from whence they proceed is incurable yet cleansing softning astringent and Mucilaginous Gargarisms must be injected with a Syringe and to ease the Pain of the Throat a double Flannel worn about the Neck does much Good by defending it from the external Cold. CHAP. LX. Of Swooning or Fainting THe next and immediate Cause of this Disease is a Defect of the Vital Spirits and this Defect of the Spirits chiefly happens four ways Either because there is not a sufficient quantity of them generated or because they are dissipated and evacuated when they are generated or they are preternaturally altered and corrupted Or lastly They are suffocated and overwhelmed They are not generated either by reason of a Fault of the Faculty or of the Matter the Faculty of the generating the Spirits is hurt either by a Peculiar Disorder of the Heart or by Consent The peculiar Diseases of the Heart that are chiefly to to be taken Notice of are great Intemperies overturning the native Temper of it or destroying the Substance of the Parts and of the Native Heat as acute and malignant Feavers Colliquative Pestilential and Hectick Fevers also Organical Diseases as Constriction and too great Dilatation The Faculty of the Heart is hurt by Consent as from the Brain and Liver which have a great Sympathy with it and also often from the Mouth of the Stomach by reason of its nearness and Exquisite Sense upon which account Swooning is divided into Cardiack and Stomachick that is Cardiack which proceeds from the Heart being Primarily affected that is Stomachick which is produced by Consent of the Stomach It also often arises from the Womb by reason of ill Vapours transmitted thence to the Heart The Fault of the Matter is a Defect or Corruption of the Air and Blood from whence the Vital Spirits are generated A Defect of the Air happens from Respiration or Transpiration hurt A Defect of the Blood from a Fault in Nutrition The Corruption of both is occasioned by putting on another Quality so from the infected Air in a Pestilential Constitution Swooning and Fainting frequently happen and some ill Smells occasion the same and sweet Smells in some Women The Blood is also often corrupted by unwholesome Food Too large Evacuations dissipate the Spirits both sensible and insensible sensible Evacuatioins are first of Blood it self by the Mouth Nostrils Womb Belly Hemorrhoids Bleeding and great Wounds Secondly of other Humours which though they are Excrementitious yet being evacuated in a large quantity they dissipate the Spirits and occasion Fainting Such Humours are wâ—nt to be evacuated by Vomit Stool Urine Sweat by opening a large Abscess especially inwardly as of an Empyema and also outwardly as in a Dropsie the Navel being open Insensible Evacuations are made by too great a rarity of the Skin and by reason of Thinness or Acrimony of things contained by immoderate Heat Bathing and excessive Labour They are also dissipated by long Watching long Fastting immoderate Venery Anger or excessive Joy long and acute Sickness violent Pains of the Heart Stomach Bowels Veins Ears Teeth and of all the Nervous Parts The Spirits are altered and corrupted by an ill Disposition of the Bowels and by any thing that has a malignant and an inimical Quality to the Heart as a venomous and pestilential Air drawn in by the Breath or generated in the Body by Putrefaction of Humours Poison taken inwardly does the same and the Biting of Venomous Creatures Lastly A violent Reflux of the Spirits and Blood to the Heart and the like suffocates and overwhelms the Vital Spirits A noble Virgin which was very subject to fainting upon every small occasion died suddenly by reason of a sudden Reflux of the Blood and Spirits to the Heart as she was about to sign a Contract of Marriage with a very handsom and accomplished Gentleman Fainting also sometimes happens from cold and thick Blood heapt up in abundance in the greater Vessels As to the Cure it must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes but from whatever Cause it proceeds that which follows must be observed in the Fit You must lay them on their Back and sprinkle Water in their Faces and provoke Sneezing put some good Wine or Cinnamon-water into their Mouths apply Bread hot out of the Oven to their Nostrils call them aloud shake them pull them by the Nose double their Fingers pull their Hair use Frictions Ligatures and Cupping-glasses But the Cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes in the following manner If it takes its
they would be easily excluded by things that Evacuate and Cleanse and by Carminative Medicines but most commonly they are fixed in the very Tunicks of the Intestines upon which account it is difficult to remove them and so they occasion an obstinate Disease The Gross Flegmatick and Melancholly Humours flow by little and little through the Veins of the Intestines and so do not presently cause Pain till there is a quantity sufficient to irritate Nature for their Expulsion and then being moved cause Pain or Wind occasioned by them and included in the Coats of the Intestines distends them and not easily getting out occasions a lasting Pain also Choler after the same manner poured through the Veins of the Intestines upon their Coats and imbibed by them causes violent Pains which are wont to be long and obstinate because it is difficultly removed from their substance There is another Species of a bilious Chollick which degenerates into a Palsie scarce known unto the Ancients which proceeds from a bilious Humour not poured as the former upon the Colon but upon the Membranes of the Abdomen which is transferred thither either from the Gall-Bladder or from the Mesentery in the Crisis of long Feavers or by reason of violent Anger or some other external Cause when because of Obstructions it cannot be carried to the common Passages but by a Preposterous Motion is put off suddenly upon the foresaid Membranes of the Abdomen And hence great Pain arises like the Chollick which yields neither to Glisters nor Fomentations nor any other Remedy but continues for many Months by which the Body wasts and the Sick is vexed with a sort of intermitting Feaver and often with a slow continual Feaver at length the Pain remitting a Palsie succeeds that Humour leasurely creeping through the Membranes of the Abdomen to the Spine of the Back but this Palsie chiefly possesses the upper parts yet there is most commonly a Pain in the Thighs and Legs and in some few the use of them is wholly taken away and sometimes it breaks in upon the â—raâ— and causes the Falling-sickness from whence Death generally follows There are other causes of the Chollick but less frequent viz. Stones growing in the Guts Worms wound up in a bottom and obstructing the Intestines a Compression of the Guts by a Tumour of the neighbouring parts and the narrowness of them by reason of an Inflammation and other Tumours of the Guts or a twisting of them occasioned by Wind which is next to an Iliack Passion and sometimes the Matter which causes a Chollick is Venomous and Malignant Lastly All hard Bodies by obstructing the Guts or distending them may occasion a Chollick as stones generated in the Guts a great quantity of Cherry-stones hard Cheese and the like As Platerus relates of a certain Governour a long while troubled with the Chollick and Convulsions who after the use of Glisters evacuated a great quantity of hard Cheese by Stool The External Causes are a cold Constitution of the Air pressing and hardning the Belly or a hot Constitution which does likewise harden the Excrements the use of Meat and Drink unfit for the Mans Constitution of crudâ— and harsh Roots and of gross Meats of hard Digestion too much rest immoderate Sleep unseasonable Exercise immoderate Venery and other External Causes which may injure the Concoction of the Stomach The Diagnosticks of this Disease are plain for first the Pain is violent sometimes afflicting grievously this part sometimes that sometimes it possesses the Region of the Spleen sometimes of the Stomach or Liver or of the Reins sometimes it is above sometimes below the Navel and oftentimes it is most violent in the left side the Patient often Vomits the Pain is increased after Eating the Belly is most commonly bound The Signs of the Causes are distinguished in the following manner If the Pain proceed from Flegm it is not violent unless it be accompanied with Wind the Sick is eased by hot things and injured by cold things a course of Diet before apt to increase Flegm preceded If the Chollick is occasioned by Wind there is a stretching Pain and a certain Inflation of the Belly the Sick perceive a great deal of Wind and a rumbling in the Belly they are much eased by breaking Wind a course of Diet fit to breed Wind was used before as unseasonably drinking cold Water the frequent use of Pulse Turneps and Chesnuts Herbs and Fruits and the like and if the the Wind be contained in the Cavity of the Intestins the Pain is wandring and not fixed to one part and is renewed by Intervals But if it be kept in within the Coats of the Guts the Pain is fixed and is continual and obstinate because it cannot find Vent If the Chollick proceeds from an acrid and Cholerick Humour it is most sharp there is a twitching and pricking Heat Drouth and for the most part a Feaver the Disease is increased by hot Medicines and Diet and is mitigated by cold By the following Signs the Chollick and Nephritick Pain may be distinguished if they are accurately examined First The Nephritick Pain is fixed in the Kidney and stretches it self from that to the Testes according to the length of the Ureter but the Chollick is wandring and painfully girds the lower Belly Secondly The Chollick increases after eating by reason of the pressure upon the Gut by a full Stomach but the Nephritick Pain is not at all increased after eating but rather lessened because some of the Nutritious Juice is carried to the Veins which somewhat asswages the Pain Thirdly In the Chollick Vomiting is more severe and the Belly is more bound because the Colon lies near the Bottom of the Stomach and the Intestines being full or violently provoked contract themselves that they may expel the common Enemy but either of the Symptoms is common to either of the Diseases so that the Intention or Remission of them has a difficult Diagnostick For the Nephritick Pain being intense may occasion greater Vomiting and bind the Belly more than a remiss Chollick Fourthly In the Chollick the Patient is more eased by Vomiting and going to Stool than in Nephirtick Pains Fifthly In the Nephritick Pain the Urine is first clear and thin afterwards something settles to the Bottom and at length Sand or Gravel is evacuated buâ— in the Chollick the Urine is thicker from the beginning The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first There is the same Way of Cure for a Windy and Flegmatick Chollick you must begin with an emollient Glister and afterwards you must give a Carminative and discutient Glister which must be repeated twice thrice or four times in a day till the Pain be gone but if after the use of one or two Glisters the Sick does not go to Stool as sometimes it happens the Belly must be irritated by a sharp Suppository but it is convenient to add to one of the Glisters four
a day Certainly the Magisterial-water of Worms of the London Dispensatory is very beneficial in this Disease so are the Spirit and Salt of Harts-horn Spirit of Blood Flowers of Sal-armoniack which I have often used with good Success Moreover Testaceous Powders as Crabs-eyes Coral Pearls and Vegetables which are counted good for the Gout as the Roots of Birth-wort the Leaves of Ground-pine and Germander and the like mixed with Antiscorbuticks conduce to the Cure of this Disease Oyl of Worms of Frogs and Toads are often useful to ease the Pain I have been told by a worthy Man that the Water drawn from what is contained in the Stomach of an Ox newly killed by Distillation and applied hot with Cloaths gives certainly ease For Convulsive and Paralitick Diseases occasioned by the Scurvy Remedies proper for them must be mixed with Antiscorbuticks For a Consumption and a Feaver ocasioned by the Scurvy gentle Catharticks Digestives and things that corroborate must be used And because they often arise from a scirrhous Tumour in the Stomach or Parts thereabouts things that open Obstructions are to be used as Tunbridge-waters and the like Moreover Fomentations Liniments and Plaisters must be outwardly applyed Asses or Cows-milk diluted with Barly-water or with some proper distilled-water is often good so is Broth made of Snails and Snails boiled in Milk Moreover Distilled waters of Milk or Whey with Snails and Antiscorbutick Herbs do a great deal of Good in this Case And for the Feaver the following Medicines may be used with a thin Diet Take of the Raspings of Harts-horn and Ivory each two drams and an half of Eryngo Roots candied six drams of the Roots of Chervil Dandelyon each half an ounce of the Leaves of Harts-tongue Liverwort each one handful one Apple sliced of Raisins one handful boil them in four Pints of Fountain-water to the Consumption of a third part pour the strained Liquor upon two handfuls of Brook-lime and a dram and an half of Sal-prunella or of Nitre fixed one dram let them infuse for the Space of three Hours four or six ounces of it may be taken three times a day Take of the Leaves of Brook-lime four handfuls of Wood-sorrel of the Herb and Root of Dandelyon each two handfuls of Snails cleansed one pound and an half the Peels of two Oranges After they are bruised and cut pour upon them six Pints of new Milk or Whey made with Syder or of the fresh Juice of Apples distill them after the common Way Three ounces may be taken twice or thrice a day A Scorbutical Rhumatism must be cured by Purging but especially by Bleeding and repeated sometimes according to the Strength of the Patient Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used and four or six ounces of the Infusion of Horse-dung in Wine or Ale may be taken twice or thrice a day on the Days the Sick does not purge Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood is also very good in this case A Scorbutical Dropsie arising from an evident Cause or occasionally is often cured wherefore if the Sick cannot sleep Opiats must be given and Purging must be repeated at due distances according to the Strength of the Patient and Glisters must be often injected to keep the Body loose Take of Mercurius Dulcis one Scruple of Rosin of Jalap five or ten grains of Cloves half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Panado At other Times Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks must be given Take of Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with the Tincture of Millepedes as much as you please Give a Scruple or two Scruples twice a day in some proper Liquor Take of the Spirit of Sal-armoniack what quantity you please The Dose is fifteen drops Take of Mille pedes prepared three drams of Salt of Tartar two drams of Nutmegs one dram mix them make a Powder The Dose is half a dram twice a day with some proper Liquor Or Take of dried Bees powdered two drams of the Seeds of Bishops-weed powdered one dram of Oyl of Juniper one scruple of Turpentine a sufficient quantity for a Mass of Pills The Dose is one scruple or half a dram to be taken twice a day drinking upon it three or four ounces of the following Water Take of the Leaves of both the Scurvy-grasses of Water-cresses of Pepper-wort and Arsmart each three handfuls of the Roots of Wake-robin Briony and Florentine-orris each four ounces of the middle Bark of Elder two handfuls of the Winteran-bark two ounces of the yellow Peel of four Oranges and three Lemmons and of fresh Juniper-berries four ounces cut them and bruise them and pour upon them two quarts of Rhenish-wine and of the Wine made of the Juice of Elder-berries one quart Distill them in a common Still and mix the Waters The Dose is three or four ounces twice a day after a Dose of any of the Medicines above prescribed There remains one Symptom that comes though rarely upon the Scurvy viz. A crackling of the Bones but the Cure of it is not yet known An orderly Diet is of great moment in the Cure of the Scurvy The Sick must only eat Meat of easy Digestion he must avoid thick and clammy Meat and such as are smoaked and Pulse Milk-meats unripe Fruit and things that are sugared for the Scurvy has increased wonderfully of late by the immoderate use of Sugar Their Drink must be middling mild Beer that is clear and medicated with Antiscorbuticks Exercise and Labour are so beneficial in the Scurvy that many have been cured by them alone An Air moderately hot and dry thin and pure should be chosen CHAP. LXXXV Of the Stone in the Kidneys and of the Nephritick Pain THE Nephritick Pain is called that whick afflicts the Reins and Ureters The cause of this Pain is various but the most frequent is a Stone or gross Flegm The less frequent causes are Clods of Blood thrust into the Ureters or thick Matter conveyed from the Reins or other Parts into the Ureters The diagnostick Signs of the Stone The first Sign is a fixed Pain about the Region of the Loins the second is bloody Urine the third thin and little Water at the Beginning of the Fit which is sometimes succeeded by a total Suppression of Urine if both the Ureters be obstructed the fourth is the frequent voiding of Sand and little Stones the fifth is a Numbness of the Legs the Sixth is the drawing up of the Stones the seventh is Nauseousness and Vomiting The Cure of the Nephritick Pain and Stone sticking in the Reins and Ureters is peformed by dilating the Passages by the Explosion of the Stone or any other Matter which causes Pain and also by removing the antecedent Cause and mitigating the Pain to the which Indications the following Remedies answer Take of the carminative Decoction for a Glister ten ounces of the Electuary of Laurel-berries of the Electuary of Juice of Roses each three drams of Venice-turpentine dissolved in the Yolk of
Inflammation of the Reins are a heavy Pain in the Region of the Reins and there is sometimes a pulsation If the place wherein the Arteries are be affected and the Pain is extended to the neighbouring Parts so that the Sick cannot raise himself upright nor stand and but difficultly turn himself to the opposite side neither can he lie upon that side nor upon his Belly and therefore he is forced perpetually to lie upon his Back if his Knees or if his Body be any way moved the Pain is much exasperated there is a Numbness of the same side by reason of a Nerve which goes from thence to the Leg his Urine is hot and in the beginning thin and yellow afterwards red and thick The Sick has a continual and acute Feaver and it is often accompanied with watchings a Delirium Nauseousness and Vomiting But in an Inflammation of the Bladder the Pain is seated upon the Region of the Pubis and Perinaeum in which Parts there is a Heat and sometimes an apparent Redness the Urine is always hot and voided difficultly the Passage being stopt by the Tumour and the right Gut is affected by reason of its Nearness upon which account there is frequent endeavours to go to stool and sometimes the Belly is bound There are also other Symptoms that are common with the Inflammation of the Reins as a Feaver watching and the like The Cure of an Inflammation in the Reins and Bladder is performed by Medicines that cause Revulsion and Derivation and by such as cool and moderately repel by Anodyn resolving and suppurating Medicines And First Bleeding is very necessary twice thrice or oftener acccording to the Strength until the Fluxion is stopped and the Pain abated A large quantity of Blood being taken away from the upper Veins the lower are to be opened also in the Foot to make Derivation The Hemorrhoidal Veins are also to be opened especially if they are swelled and Cupping-glasses with Scarification are to be applied to the upper and lower parts to make Revulsion Frictions and painful Ligatures of the extream parts are also to be used Emollient cooling and moderately loosning Glisters must be injected in a small quantity Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of sweet Prunes four pair of Barley cleansed and of the Flowers of Violets each one Pugil make a Decoction to eight or ten ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Cassia of Oyl of Violets four ounces of Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The Heat of the Blood must be mitigated by Juleps and Emulsions Take of the Waters of Endive Lettice and Purslain each four ounces of Syrup of Pomegranates two ounces of Syrup of Water-lillies one ounce mingle them make a Julep for three Doses to be taken Morning or Evening Or Take of the Roots of Sorrel two ounces of the Leaves of Mallows Plantane Purslain and Endive each one handful of the Tops of white Poppies half an handful of the Seeds of Annise and Lettice each one dram of the Flowers of Borrage Violets and Water-lillies each one pugil boil them to a Pint and an half then add of the Syrup of Pomegranates four ounces Or Take of sweet Almonds blanced one ounce of fresh Pine-nuts half an ounce of the Seeds of Lettice Sorrel Purslain and white Poppies each three drams beat them in a marble Mortar and pour upon them of the Waters of Barley or Lettice or Purslain one Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Sugar of Roses make an Emulsion for three Doses Syrup of Poppies may be conveniently added to this Emulsion to restrain the Fluxion more powerfully Cooling Glisters must be also injected In the Beginning of these Inflammations Purging is not convenient but at the Declination gentle Purges may be used as of Manna Cassia Rubarb Tamarinds and the like But cooling and moderately repelling Medicines must be used outwardly at the beginning as liquid Epithems made of the Waters or Juices of Plantane Sorrel Endive Night-shade and of Roses with a little Vinegar red Sanders and Camphor also Liniments of Oyl of Roses Omphacine and of Violets the white Oyntment or Populeon alone or mixed a little Vinegar being added to them may be applied almost cold to the Parts every hour If the Pain be very violent it will not be improper to add to the Epithem or Liniment a little Opium or Saffron A Cataplasm may be also made of Barley-meal with the Juice of Endive Purslain and Night-shade Oyl of Roses being added to it and Populeum Oyntment but it must be frequently changed before it grows hot But here three things are to be observed First We must not continue too long the use of cooling Medicines least the Expulsion of the conjunct matter by Sweat should be hindred and the Tumours should grow Scirrhous Secondly in an Inflammation of the Bladder things that are but a little cooling and astringent must be used least a Suppression of Urine should happen which is a Symptom that is very frequent of it self in this Disease Thirdly Cataplasms are not so proper in an Inflammation of the Bladder as Liniments and Oyntments because they oppress the part with their Weight Wherefore when cooling Medicines have been used a very little while and after Bleeding repeated the Fluxion being pretty well stopt we must use Emollients and gentle Resolvents as Fomentations made of a Decocton of the Roots of Marsh-mallows of the Leaves of Mallows Violets Pellitory of the Seeds of Flax Fenugreek Mallows and of Cotton of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Rosemary and Roses and Liniments are to be applied of Oyl of Lillies Roses and with a little Oyl of Camomile The following Pultis is very softning and Anodyne Take of the Crums of white Bread one pound boil them in Goats-milk to the Consistence of a Pultiss then add the Yolks of three Eggs of Oyl of Roses four ounces of Saffron half a dram make a Cataplasm it must be often changed a little Opium and Camphor may be added to it if the Pain be very violent If there be danger of a Gangrene a corroborating Cataplasm must be made of the Meal of Beans Orobus and of Lupins boiled in Wine But when the Inflammation is in a manner taken off then resolving Decoction and Liniments must be used In the whole course of the Disease respect must be always had to the Feaver Pain Watchings Suppressions of Urine and the like And to ease the Pain of the Bladder Anodyne Suppositories or Yolks of Eggs with a little Opium and with the Juice of Henbane or the like must be tied up in a rag and put up the Fundament If the Inflammation of the Reins cannot be discussed but tends to Suppuration which may be known by the Increase of the Feaver of the Pain and of other Symptoms also by shaking and Vomiting and by a greater Weight about the Part especially when
it before in those parts but if he be delirious or paralitick the Suppression of Urine may be imputed to either of these Diseases The Compression that is made by Tumours of those or of the neighbouring parts or by other Causes above mentioned may be known by the proper Signs of those Diseases The Obstructions of the Channel of the Bladder may be known by probing it with a Wax Candle or a Catheter and if they do not penetrate but stop in the Passage it is a Sign that a Stone or a Caruncle or some other Matter obstructs and these things that obstruct may be distinguished viz. If a Stone stop the Channel Nephritick Pains went before if it fell from the Reins and if it was bred in the Bladder or lay a long while there the Signs of the Stone in the Bladder preceded at least some of the gentlest of them if a Caruncle stop the Passage a virulent Gonorrhea preceded or an Ulcer in the Passage of the Yard that emitted purulent Matter for a long time Lastly If clotted Blood or concreted Matter or thick Pus occasioned the Obstruction small parts of them have been evacuated through the Yard or have stuck to the Catheter when it has been used A false Ischury may be known for that there is no Tension nor no Tumour nor Weight in the Region of the Pubis but rather a Vacuity is perceived there there is no desire of making Water nor no Irritation of the Bladder and when the Catheter is used it passes in easily but Signs of the Stone in the Kidneys went before or of an Inflammation of the Ureters or of great Fullness or large Drinking went before but little Urine followed upon which account the Veins were too much filled Or Lastly there is a burning Feaver or a Dropsie whereby the Serous Matter is diverted As to the Prognostick A Suppression of Urine is very dangerous if it exceed the Seventh Day it certainly kills for the Serum regurgitates upon the whole Body and the Patient is in danger of a Suffocation or a Coma. Suppression of Urine occasioned by a Wound in the Spine or by reason of a Luxation of a Vertebra is incurable If the Smell of Urine can be perceived from the Mouth or Nostrils of the Sick it is deadly If a Tenesmus come upon a Suppression of Urine the Sick dies in seven Days The Hickops also indicate sudden Death The Cure of a Suppression of Urine whether it be total or partial is to be directed to the taking off the Causes And First The false Ischury that depends on the Diseases of the Reins or Ureters must be cured in the same manner as an Inflammation a nephritick Pain or the Stone in the Kidneys But that which proceeds from a Fulness of the Emulgent Veins must be cured by large Bleeding and by Hydragogue Medicines A true Ischury must be also cured by Remedies that take off the cause producing it And First If it proceed from an Inflammation of the Bladder or neighbouring Parts it must be cured as an Inflammation of the Bladder is but if the Suppression is caused by a Stone thrust into the Neck of the Bladder it must be removed by the following Remedies First The Sick must be laid upon his Back and his Legs must be elevated and he must be shook much and a long while that the Stone may fall back into the Bladder and if by this means it cannot be moved it must be forced back with a Catheter but if the Stone has passed into the Passage of the Yard we must endeavour by all Ways to exclude it by moving gently with the Fingers towards the end of the Yard and also by dipping the Yard into warm Milk or by placing the Sick in a Bath to enlarge the Passage But if it will neither go backwards nor forwards Practitioners teach that it must be cut out the upper and lower part being tied But an Obstruction of the Neck of the Bladder which proceeds from an Inflammation must be cured by proper Remedies for an Inflammation But in the mean time if the Urine be retained too long it may be gently let out by a Wax-candle dipt in Oyl of sweet Almonds But you must forbear the Use of a Catheter least Pain being occasioned you should increase the Inflammation thereby But the Suppression of Urine which proceeds from a Caruncle must be cured by the Extirpation of the Caruncle This must be done by proper Remedies thrust in by a skillful Chirurgion upon a Wax-candle But Necessity urging for sometimes the Caruncle swells and obstructs the whole Channel we must use the Catheter to evacuate the Water though there is danger that the Part will swell more But you must first endeavour to lessen the Inflation of the Caruncle by Bleeding and Vomiting and by repelling Medicines applied to the Pubes and Perinaeum If the Suppression of Urine be occasioned by thick Flegm Purging is first convenient with Diaphaenicon and Rubarb made up in a Bolus and afterwards Turpentine must be given frequently with Powder of Liquorish afterwards a Decoction of the opening Roots may be given with Oxymel and Byzantine Syrup In the mean while Glisters Fomentations and emollien and opening Baths must be used and all those things are proper that are proposed to dissolve or expell the Stone And amongst the rest the following are found by Experience peculiarly proper Take of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Troches of Mirrh two scruples of a Decoction of Savin three ounces mingle them make a Potion whereby a Suppression of Urine was cured in a short time in a certain Woman If there seem to be abundance of Flegm in the whole Body a universal Purge by an Apozem prepared for three or four Days must be ordered which is proper at the beginning Bleeding being first used A Julep also of the Juice of Pellitory of Sea-fennel and of Lemmons with Oyl of sweet Almonds is also very beneficial Dodoneus mentions an Observation of one of eighty Years of Age that was perfectly cured of a Suppression of Urine by only using once a Lee made of the Ashes of Egg-shells mixed with Rhenish-wine Arnoldus Villa Novanus commends Winter-cherry-wine and he mentions a Cardinal who had not made Urine for four Days and was much swelled was cured by drinking Winter-cherry-wine the Wine was made by beating five or seven or more winter-cherries with good White-wine afterwards it must be strained Millepedes also beat and given in White-wine are very Effectual to provoke Urine Oyl of Scorpions of Mathiolus also forces Urine powerfully five or six drops of it being given with Broth or some other Liquor The frequent use of Sal-prunella does also the same especially when there is danger of an Inflammation which is often occasioned in the inner Coat by the Urine too long retained Spirit of Salt also does the same but is more effectual the Juice of Pellitory clarified and four ounces of it given with half an
three Doses adding to each one ounce of Syrup of Violets and a dram of Sal-prunella if the Pain be very violent some Syrup of Poppies may be added to it and a dram of Gum Arabick powdered Broths may be also prepared in the following manner Take of the Roots of Marshmallows half an ounce of Mallows one handful of Liquorish half an ounce of the Seeds of Quinces one dram boil them with Chicken Broth and let it be taken for several Days together The Whey of Goats Milk is also very good a large draught of it being taken at a time and if there be no Feaver milk it self is more effectual especially Asses Milk If the Disease is inveterate Epsom and Tunbridge-waters are very proper Forestus cured himself of a violent Dysury by only using a Decoction of Mallows sweetned with Syrup of Violets a Conserve of Mallows has also done much good an ounce of it having been taken Morning and Evening and three ounces of Mallow-Water being drank presently after the Conserve of the Flowers of Marshmallows is as good or rather better some Practitioners commend the Troches of Alkakengi a dram of them being taken at a Time in some proper Liquor When the Pain is very violent the dipping the Yard in Milk whilst the Urine is rendring or in a Decoction of Mallows and the Seeds of white Poppies does much good in this case A small decoction of Mallows sweetned with Syrup of Violets or with Conserve of Roses is very proper for the ordinary Drink And to ease the Pain Injections may be made for the Passage of the Bladder of Milk an Emulsion of the cold Seeds of Plantane and Whey whereunto may be added the White of an Egg well beaten and a Scruple of the Troches of Alkakengi External Remedies do also much good to qualifie the Heat of Urine as Baths and Fomentations applied to the Pubis and Perinaeum made of a Decoction of cooling Herbs also Liniments made of Oyls of Roses of white-lillies and of Oyntment of Roses and of the white Oyntment with Camphor CHAP. XCV Of a Chlorosis or the Green-Sickness THe Green-Sickness is a vitious Habit of the Body proceeding from Obstructions it is accompanied most commonly with a Palpitation of the Heart Difficulty of Breathing and a longing for absurd things and with an Unfitness for Motion and other Symptoms The Diagnostick manifestly appears by the following Series of Symptoms First The Face and whole Body is pale and sometimes of a leaden livid and green Colour Secondly An Inflation and as it were a Swelling appears upon the Eye-lids the Legs also swell especially about the Ankles Thirdly There is a Dulness and Unwillingness for Motion Fourthly There is a Difficulty of Breathing especially when they move much or go up Stairs Fifthly There is a Palpitation of the Heart upon Motion Sixthly There is a heavy and often a lasting pain of the Head Seventhly The Pulse is quick Eighthly The Sick are drowsie and incline to Sleep Ninthly There is a great Aversion for wholesome Food Lastly The Disease increasing and the Obstructions being multiplied a Suppression of the Courses at length follows which shews the Disease is confirmed As to the Prognostick This Disease most commonly is noâ— dangerous but if it be neglected too much it occasions great Diseases as a Scirrhus Tumours a Dropsie and other grietvous Diseases which at length kill the Patient When the Disease is small and chiefly arises from Obstructions of the Veins of the Womb it is easily cured by Marriage in Young Virgins Women that have had this Disease a long while are either barren or bring forth Children that are Sickly and short liv'd There is great Hopes of Cure when the Courses keep their exact Periods and flow in a due Quantity and Quality The Cure of this Disease is performed by opening Obstructions by purging off the vitious Humours by Correcting the Intemperies of the Bowels and by Strengthning them First therefore A gentle Purging Medicine must be given that is agreeable to the Constitution that the first Region may be only emptied and if the Belly be bound a Glister must be given first of all Afterwards Bleeding must be ordered unless the Disease is very inveterate and the Maid be inclined to a Cachexy But a Vein in the Arm must be opened though the Courses are stopped for at that Time if you should bleed in the Foot the Obstructions of the Veins and of the Womb would be increased That quantity of Blood being taken away that is necessary proper Purges must be used viz. Take of the Pill Coch Major two Scruples of Castor powdered two grains of Peruvian Balsam four Drops make four Pills let her take them at five in the Morning and let her sleep after them Let these Pills be repeated twice or thrice every Morning or every other Morning according to the Strength of the Sick and their Operation After the purging Pills let her take the following Take of the Filings of Steel grains eight with a sufficient quantity of Extract of Wormwood make two Pills to be taken in the Morning and they must be repeated at five in the Afternoon She must continue this Course for thirty Days drinking presently after the Pills a Draught of Wormwood Wine If a Bolus be more pleasing Take of the Conserve of Roman-Wormwood and of the Conserve of the yellow Peel of Oranges each one ounce of candied Angelica and Nutmegs candied and of Venice Treacle each half an ounce of Ginger candied two drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges Make an Electuary Take of this Electuary one dram and an half of the Filings of Steel well powdered eight grains with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning and at five in the afternoon drinking upon it a draught of Wormwood-wine Take of choice Mirrh and of Galbanum each one dram and an half of Castor sixteen grains with a sufficient quantity of Peruvian Balsam make twelve Pills of each dram Let her take three every Night at Bed time drinking upon them three or four Spoonfuls of compound Briony water through the whole Course But if these Pills should purge then the following must be used instead of them Take of Castor one dram of Volatile Salt of Ambar half a dram with a sufficient quantity of Extract of Rue make five and twenty small Pills Let her take three every Night at Bed-time CAHP. XCVI Of the Suppression of the Courses THere is said to be a Suppression of the Courses when in Women of a mature Age that neither give suck nor are with Child the Evacuation of Blood by the Womb which naturally is wont to be monthly seldom or sparingly proceeds or is wholly stopt The Cause of this Suppression is to be referred either to the Womb or to the Vessels of it or to the Blood which flows or ought to flow through them Various Diseases of the Womb may occasion this Suppression namely a
added Sulphur CHAP. C. Of the Scirrhus of the Womb. THE signs of a Scirrhus in the Womb are a hardness in the region of it a sense of weight in the part especially when the Sick stands but there is no Fever or Pain whereby it is distinguish'd from an Inflammation and if there be any Pain it is small If it be in the body of the Womb it is easily known by feeling the region of the Pubes but if it be in the Neck of the Womb it may be touch'd with the Finger it is distinguish'd from a Mola by the preceding Causes also because in a Mola the Courses if they flow flow disorderly But in a Scirrhus if they flow they keep their order Also in a Mola the Breasts are full of Milk but in a Scirrhus they grow small As to the Prognostick every Scirrhus is difficultly cur'd for great hardness once contracted can scarce be mollified Moreover the Natural Heat in the part affected with the Scirrhus is very weak so that it can scarce discuss the gross and almost stony Matter A great and obstinate Scirrhus occasions at length a Dropsie If a Scirrhus of the Womb be treated with too hot and too moistening Remedies it degenerates into a Cancer The Cure is to be directed to two things viz. to the antecedent and conjunct cause By reason of the antecedent Cause Bleeding must be ordered first in the Arm if the Disease be not very inveterate But afterwards in the inferior Veins especially when the Courses are stopt The opening of the Hemorrhoidal Veins is also very proper for they evacuate feculent Blood and draw from the Womb by reason of the Communication which they have with it Purging is also necessary and it must be repeated by intervals The Purges must be made of such things as evacuate Melancholy First you must use such as are gentle afterwards stronger But opening Medicines and such as prepare the Melancholy Humor must be given before Purges in the Forms of Apozems Juleps or Broaths according to the Disposition of the Sick But besides common Apperitives chalybeat Medicines must be also used whereby the great Obstruction in the Womb and other Parts may be dissolved And that the superfluous Humors may be diverted Issues should be made in the Legs and must be continued there till the Courses which are generally stopt in this Disease return orderly For the conjunct Cause emollient and resolving Medicines must be applied outwardly in the following manner Take of the Roots of Marshmallows and of Lillies each two ounces of the Leaves of Mallows Violets Marshmallows and Bears-breach each one handful of the Leaves of Mugword and Calamint half an handful of the Seeds of Flax and Fenugreek each one ounce of the Flowers of Camomile and Melilot each one pugil Make a Decoction wherewith foment the Region of the Pubes and Groin with a Spunge dipt in it and pressed out To mollifie more a Decoction may be made of the Entrails of a Sheep and the Roots of Briony and wild Cucumber may be added But you must begin with things that are gentle and proceed by degrees to stronger Of the same Decoction the Dose of the Simples being increased a Bath may be made which is very effectual in this case and more powerful than the Fomentation Glisters also and Injections may be made of the same Decoction and frequently used whereunto may be added the Oils of Lillies Camomil and Sweet Almonds Take of the Oils of Lillies and of Sweet Almonds each three ounces of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Fenugreek extracted with White-Wine one ounce of the Fat 's of Hens Geese and Ducks each one ounce and an half of fresh Butter and of Lard of each two ounces with a sufficient quantity of Wax and Turpentine make an Ointment The following is approved of in all Scirrhus's Take of Bdellium Ammoniacum and Galbanum each equal parts beat them in a Mortar with Oil of Ben and Lillies then add of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Fenugreek Flax and of Figs a like quantity make an Ointment Of the same Matter Wax being added an effectual Plaster may be made and applied to the region of the Womb behind and before or Diachylon with Orris may be applied A Cataplasm may be made of the residue of the Decoction for the foresaid Bath bruised and pulped adding to it of the Meal of Fenugreek and Flax-Seeds each one ounce of Figs number six of the Powder of Orris Root two drachms of Saffron half a drachm of hens Fat and Oil of Sweet Almonds each a sufficient quantity make a Cataplasm The Mud of a Sulphurous Bath may be applied instead of a Cataplasm But these Medicines must be used with great caution lest the Scirrhus should be hardned or what is much worse should degenerate into a Cancer So that it is best to desist by intervals and it is to no purpose to use Medicines when the Scirrhus is without Pain and of a stony nature CHAP. CI. Of a Cancer of the Womb. A Cancer of the Womb is a hard Swelling of the Body or Neck of it with pricking and lanceing Pain It is occasioned by black Choler collected in that part or by a Scirrhus ill cured which easily degenerates into a Cancer in that part especially by reason of a great afflux of Blood which being retained in the Veins near the Scirrhus and not sufficiently evacuated by the Courses acquires a malignant quality It is twofold either ulcerated or not ulcerated As long as the Morbific Matter is of lesser Acrimony and Malignity the Cancer does not break but when the Matter becomes more acrid it causes an Ulcer It is easily known by what has been said for if there be a hard Tumor in the Body or Neck of the Womb which occasions a pricking and lancing Pain you may pronounce it cancerous But it is more evidently distinguished if it be seen by the Eyes as when it is in the Neck of the Womb by the help of a Speculum Matricis for then an unequal livid or black Tumor encompassed with Branches of Veins will appear But if it be ulcerated it casts forth a yellow or black Sanies that stinks much and sometimes Blood by reason the Veins are corroded which run to it so that sometimes when a large Vessel is opened it flows so much that the Life of the Sick is hazarded There is also a small Fever Anxiety Nauseousness and a Heat of the Privities and the like As to the Prognostick a Cancer is incurable whether it be ulcerated or not wherefore seeing a perfect Cure cannot be expected we must endeavour to hinder the breaking of it and the increase of it when it is broken and in both we must qualifie the Violence of the Pain which may be done by such things as evacuate the whole Body and by other Remedies which alter and evacuate the melancholy Humor and black Choler and hinder their Growth As by bleeding in the Arm Hemorrhoids Foot Potions
Carminative Medicines be applied below the Navel of the Patient such are Bags of Anniseeds Fennel-seeds Fenugreek-seeds Flowers of Camomile Elder Rosemary and Stechas mixed together or a Rose-cake fried in a Pan with rich Canary and sprinkled with Powder of Nutmegs and Coriander-seeds or the Gaul of a Wether newly kill'd or his Lungs laid on warm If by these means the pains cease not let a Glister be injected made of Wine and Oil wherein two drachms of Philonium Romanum may be dissolved or Narcoticks may be given inwardly in a small quantity to allay the violence of the Humors and Wind as we are wont to do in the pains of the Cholick But if by reason of contumacious pains that will not be asswaged or of the violence of some external cause Blood begins to come away Medicines that cause Revulsion are to be applied to turn the course of the Blood from the Womb such are Frictions of the upper parts and painful Ligatures also Cupping-glasses fastened to the Shoulder-blades under the Dugs and under the short Ribs on both sides and if the Woman be full of Blood it will not be amiss to take some blood from her when she begins to void blood and especially before it begins to come and the blood must be taken away at several times a little at once And if the flux of blood continues we must proceed to an astringent and thickening Diet and Medicines and so the Powders and Electuaries before described may be administred also juice of Plantain new drawn and syrup of Poppies to the quantity of an ounce with Powder of Bole-armenick or Dragons-blood Also binding and astringent Fomentations may be used outwardly made of Pomgranate-peels Cypress-nuts Acorn-cups Baclaustins Grape-stones and the like boiled in Smiths water and red Wine Or a little bag full of red Roses and Balaustins may be boiled and applied hot to the Patient's Belly The above-mentioned Plasters and Cere-cloaths may be used and to bind more make a Pultiss of astringent Powders with Turpentine and whites of Eggs spread it upon Tow or course Flax and apply it to the Navel and Reins warm The Tow that is to be applied to the Navel must be moistened with Wine that which is to be apply'd to the Kidnies with Vinegar The two following Medicines are accounted Secrets and it is believed they will certainly retain the Child in the Womb if they be used before it be torn from the Vessels of the Womb. Take of Leaves of Gold number twelve of Spodium one drachm the Cock's treading of three Eggs not addled mix all very well till the Gold be broken into small pieces afterwards dissolve them in a draught of white Wine and give it three Mornings following At the same time let the following Cataplasm be applied Take of Male-frankincense powdered two ounces the whites of five Eggs let them be stirr'd together over hot Coals add Turpentine to make them stick then spread them upon Tow and lay them upon her Navel as hot as she can possibly endure them twice a day Morning and Evening on the three days aforesaid CHAP. CVII Of hard Labour THAT is said to be hard Labour which does not observe the due and ordinary course of Nature and longer time is spent in it and the pains are more violent than usual and the Symptoms that accompany it are more grievous Many Causes may be assigned of it both external and internal The internal depend on the Mother the Womb or the Child As to the Mother the natural weakness of the whole Body may make the Labour difficult or her Age she being too young or too old or it may be occasioned by Diseases which she had with her Big-belly Leanness and too much dryness of the Body or Fat compressing the Passages of the Womb the ill conformation of the Bones encompassing the Womb as in those that are Lame may also occasion it Wind swelling the Bowels a Stone or a preternatural Tumour in the Bladder that presses the Womb may be the cause so may the ill constitution of the Lungs or of the parts serving Respiration For the holding of the Breath is very necessary to help the exclusion of the Child As to the Womb various Diseases of it may render the Delivery difficult as Tumors Ulcers Obstructions and the like As to the Child hard Labour is occasion'd when by reason it is dead or putrified or any way diseased it cannot confer any thing to its own exclusion Also when the Body or Head of it is large or when there are many So Twins most commonly cause hard Labour or when it is ill situated as when the Hands or the Feet offer first or when one Hand or one Foot comes out or when it is doubled or when the Membranes break too soon so that the Water flows out and leaves the Orifice of the Womb dry at the time of exclusion or when the Membranes are too thick so that they cannot be easily broken by the Child The external causes depend on things necessary and contingent things necessary are those which are commonly call'd Non-natural so cold and dry Air and a North-wind are very injurious to Women in Labour because they bind the Body and drive the Blood and Spirits to the inner Parts and they are very injurious to the Child coming from so warm a place also hot Weather dissipates the Spirits and weakens the Child and causes a Fever in an ill habit of Body Crude Aliments and such as are difficultly concocted and those that bind taken in great quantity before Labour do render it difficult the Stomach being weakened and the common Passages contracted which ought to be very open in this case Drowsiness hinders the action of the Mother and Child and shews that Nature is weak The unseasonable motion of the Woman much retards the delivery as when she refuses upon occasion to stand walk lie or sit or flings her self about unadvisedly so that the Child can not be born the right way being turned preposterously by the restlesness of the Mother The retention of such things as should be evacuated at the time of Labour as of Urine that swells the Bladder or Excrements in the right Gut the Hemorrhoids also much swelled narrow the neck of the Womb and so hinder Natures endeavours And lastly violent Passions of the Mind as Fear Sorrow and Anger make the Labour difficult To things contingent ought to be referred a Blow a Fall or a Wound which may much obstruct Labour also the By-standers which ought to assist the Woman viz. strong Women and Maids which may lift her up just at the time of Delivery especially a skilful Midwife which ought to advise in every matter for if she be unskilful she may make the Labour difficult For sometimes the Midwife orders the Woman to endeavour an Expulsion and to stop her Breath when the Ligaments of the Fetus stick firmly to the Womb so that the Woman is tired before the time of her Delivery
the disease was violent the sick had as it were a Fit in the evening and then the Symptoms raged more cruelty In the next place I will treat of the irregular Symptoms that happen in this disease when it is unskilfully handled It is to be noted therefore that the irregular Symptoms that occur on the eight Day in the distinct small Pox and those that happen on the eleventh in the Flux always reckoning from the first approach of the Disease are of very great moment with respect either to the Life or Death of the patient and therefore they ought to be exactly weighed for it is manifest that the greatest part of those that die of either sort die on the days above-mentioned When Sweat is promoted much by Cordials and hot Regimen the Particles are eliminated which should have served to elevate the Pustles and to swell the Face on the Eight Day and it appears flaccid and white and the Sweat which flowed freely to this day now ceases of its own accord nor it can it be raised again with the hottest Cordials The patient is taken light-headed of a sudden with Anxiety violent Sickness and restlessness he makes Water often but little at a time and in the space of a very few hours takes leave of his Friends and repairs to his long home But in the Flux the Sick is in the greatest danger and most commonly dies on the 11th Day for the Salivation which hitherto preserved the Patient is wont to cease of its own accord at this time Therefore unless the swelling of the Face persists a little longer and that of the Hands now manifestly beginning supplies it's place the sick must necessarily perish But it happens too often in this hot Disease that the Crasâ—s of the blood being weakened and broke by an over-hot Regimen and being so highly inflamed that it is no longer able to exterminate leasurely the inflammatory Particles to say nothing at present of those Mischiefs that are occasioned by sweat unseasonably forced so that either the Face or Hands do not swell at all or the Tumour vanishes with the Salivation There are yet other symptoms that happen at any time of the Disease and belong as well to the distinct small Pox as the Flux As a Frensie a Coma and Purple Spots which are most commonly the forerunners of Death and sometimes there is a bloody Urin or Blood is cast up from the Lungs both these Hemorrhages happen most commonly at the beginning of the Disease before the Pustles come out sometimes also there is a total suppression of Urine There are also other symptoms that sometimes arise from a cause contrary to those above mention'd when the Patient has been injured by violent Cold or excessive Bleeding or by being over purg'd viz. the Pustles fall of a sudden and a Loosness supervenes so that the Patient if he be Adult is in great danger moreover the Tumour of the Face and Hands is repell'd on this account But the Symptoms that proceed from taking Cold very rarely occur for what those do that are occasioned by too hot a Regimen As soon as the Signs of this Disease shew themselves I keep the sick from the open Air and forbid them the use of Wine and Flesh and allow them small Beer gently warmed with a Tost for their ordinary Drink and now and then permit them to drink as much of it as they will I order them for their Victuals Oatmeal and Barly Broaths and rosted Apples and other things which are neither too hot nor cold nor too hard to be digested I forthwith prohibit a hot Regimen and the use of all manner of Cordials On the fourth day I commit the sick to his Bed and then if they come not out well some gentle Cordial may be properly prescribed at least for once to drive out the Pustles Among the Medicines for this purpose those they call Paregoricks such as liquid Laudanum Diascordium and the like if they be mixed in a small quantity with some proper cordial Waters excell the rest But it is to be noted That if I am call'd to a strong young Man who has besides given occasion to the Disease by excessive drinking of Wine or any Spirituous Liquor whatsoever I reckon it not sufficient for the restraining of the ebullition of the Blood that he abstrain from his Bed and Cordials unless moreover he be blooded in the Arm. When the Pustles first come out I then diligently consider whether they be of the distinct or confluent kind because they differ exceedingly one from the other though they agree as to some symptoms If therefore from the bigness and paucity of the Pustles and the slowness of their coming out and from the vanishing of sickness and other symptoms which tire the Patient after the eruption of the flux Pox it appear that they are the distinct sort I take care that the sick be refreshed with small Beer Oatmeal and Barly-gruel and the like And if the small Pox be but few and in Summer-time and that very hot I see no reason why the Patient should be kept stifled up in Bed and why he may not rather rise a few hours every day provided the inconveniencies of too much Cold or Heat may be prevented by the place and cloathing but if either the cold season of the Year or a large eruption of the Pustles put the Patient under a necessity of keeping his Bed continually I take care that he lie not hotter nor has more Cloaths on him than when he was in health and that he have a Fire kindled only morning and evening unless it be Winter nor do 〈◊〉 require that he should be always fixed to one place lest he sweat which I confidently affirm cannot be promoted without great danger When the Disease is going off it is proper to give three or four spoonfulls of Canary-Wine hot or some other temperate Cordial Medicine At the same time also a little hotter and more Cordial-diet may be allowed For instance Sugar-soâ—s and Oatmeal-candie and the like nor is there need of any other thing at all in the distinct and gentle sort if the Patient will suffer himself to be treated moderately in this method and diet unless by change Restlessness or Watchings should now and then persuade the use of a Paregorick But if the small Pox Flux the case is very hazardous for I reckon this sort is no less different from the other than the Plague is from this though among the Vulgar who take names and words for things the cure of both is said to be the same for towards the end of the disease the sick is in great danger viz. on the 11th Day in the common Flux-pox on the 14th Day in a worser sort and the 17th Day in the worst sort But sometimes though rarely one the 21st Day the Fever the Restlessness and other symptoms invading together whereby the sick is generally destroyed unless Art relieve him Wherefore seeing there is
Disease from the Heart This method above others has been most successful in my practice viz. That the Patient be kept in his Bed only two or three days after the Eruption that the blood may gently breath out according to its own genius through the Pores of the Skin the inflamed Particles which offend it and that he have no more Cloaths nor Fire than he is wont to have when he is well I forbid all Flesh and allow him Oatmeal and Barly-broaths and the like and sometimes a rosted Apple his Drink must be either small Beer or Milk boil'd with treble the quantity of Water I oftentimes mitigated the Cough which almost continually accompanies this Disease with a draught of some pectoral Decoction or with a Linctus fitted for the purpose but above all the rest I took care to give Diacodium every night through the whole course of this Disease For Example Take of the pectoral Decoction one pint and an half of syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half mingle them and make an Apozem take three or four ounces three or four times a day Take of Oil of sweet Almonds two ounces of syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce of white Sugercandy a sufficient quantity mingle them and make a Linctus of which let the Sick lick often especially when his Cough troubles him Take of black Cherry-water three ounces of Diacodium one ounce mingle them for a draught to be taken every night But if the Patient be an Infant the dose of the Pectorals and of the Narcotick is to be lessened with respect to the Age. But if by means of too hot Cordials and too hot a Regimen the Patient be in danger of his Life after the Measles go off which is very frequent by the violence of the Fever and the difficulty of breathing and other Accidents that use to afflict those that have a Peripneumonia I have bled the smallest Infants in the Arm and have taken away that quantity of Blood which their Age and Strength indicated with very great success and sometimes when the Disease has been obstinate I have repeated bleeding The Loosness also which follows the Measles is also cur'd by bleeding What we have now said of the Cure of those symptoms that come upon the going off of the Measles may be sometimes also of use when they are at their height if they are occasioned by a false and artificial heat I was called to visit a Maid-servant that had this Disease together with a Fever difficulty of Breathing and purple spots all over her Body with very many other dangerous symptoms all which I attributed to the hot Regimen and hot Medicines which were too much used I ordered her to be bled in the Arm and I prescribed a cooling pectoral Ptisan to be taken often by the help of which and a temperate Regimen the purple Spots and all the other symptoms vanished by degrees CHAP. CXX Of a continual Fever FIRST I observe That the inordinate commotion of the Blood the Cause or Companion of this Fever is stirred up by Nature either that some heterogenious Matter contained in it and inimical to it should be excluded or that the Blood should be changed into some new disposition I reckon that the true and natural Indications that arise in this Disease shew That the commotion of the Blood must be kept to that degree which is agreeable to Nature's purpose that it does not rise too high on the one hand from whence great symptoms flow nor be depressed too low on the other by which means the protrusion of the morbisick Matter may be hindred or the endeavours of the Blood affecting a new Condition frustrated so that whither the Fever takes its rise from heterogeneous Matter provoking it or from the Blood affecting a new State in either case the Indication is the same These things being premised I institute the method of Cure in the following manner When I am called to Patients whose Blood of it self is weak as it is most times in Children or when it wants Spirits as in old Age and in young Men weakned by long Diseases I forbear bleeding for if I should bleed such their Blood being already too weak it would be rendred altogether unfit to perform the business of Despumation But when I have to do with those whose Blood is of a contrary Nature such as is wont to be in young Men of a robust Constitution and sanguine Complexion I order Bleeding in the first place which cannot be omitted here without hazard beside in some other cases to be mentioned hereafter for otherwise not only Phrensies Pleurisies and such-like Inflammations may be feared but also by reason of the superfluity a Stagnation of the whole Mass As to the quantity I only take away so much Blood as I conceive will free the Sick from such dangers he is obnoxious to by the immoderate commotion of the same furthermore I regulate the Estuation by repeating Bleeding or omitting it by using or forbidding the use of hot Cordials and lastly by keeping the Body loose or stopping it as I perceive the commotion is high or low After Bleeding if it be necessary according to the cases above-mentioned I diligently enquire whether the Patient was enclined to Nauseousness at the beginning of the Fever and if so I presently prescribe a Vomit unless the tender Age or some great Weakness of the sick forbid it Truly a Vomit is so necessary when an inclination to Vomiting has preceded that unless that Humour be expelled it will occasion many difficult Symptoms that will hinder the Physician in performing the Cure and will very much endanger the Patient a Loosness is the chief and most usual of these which most commonly follows in the declination of the Fever as often as Vomits are Indicated The Vomit I frequently use is this following Take of the infusion of Crocus Mettalorum six Drachms of Oxymel of Squills and compound Syrup of Scabious each half an ounce mingle them make a Vomit which I order to be taken in the Afternoon two hours after a light Dinner And that the Vomit may succeed the better I appoint six or eight pints of Posset-drink to be provided for these Medicines are dangerous if they are not washed off and therefore as often as the Patient Vomits or goes to Stool he must presently take a draught of it by which means the Gripes will be prevented and he will vomit easier It is to be Noted that if the condition of the Patient requires Bleeding and Vomiting it is safest to bleed first for otherwise whilst the Vessels are distened with Blood there is great danger lest by violent straining to Vomit the Vessels of the Lungs should be broken and the Brain hurt and so the Patient may die Apoplectick of which I could produce some Examples if I thought it convenient let it suffice that I warn you to use great caution in this case If any one should ask
Cause which is a cold intemperies of the Brain To which end the following Remedies must be used Take of the Roots of Cyperus Florentine Orris Angelica Zedoary Elecompane each one Ounce of the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Peniroyal Calaminth each one handful of the Tops of Thym and Sage each half an handful of the Seeds of Anise Sesely and Fennel each three Drams of Liquorish rasped of Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one Ounce of the Leaves of Senna cleansed and sprinkled with Aqua Vitae two Ounces of the Seeds of Carthamus bruised and of fresh Polypody of the Oak each one Ounce of Agarick newly trochiscated of Turbith and Hermodactil's each three Drams of Ginger and Cloves each one Dram of the Flowers of Staechas of Rosemary Sage and Lavender each one pugil boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water to a Pint dissolve in it four Ounces of White Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it with two Drams of Cinnamon and make an Apozem for four Doses to be taken in a Morning In the first and last Dose dissolve three Drams of Diaphaenicon Or Take of the Mass of Pill Cochiae Minor two Scruples moisten them with Bettony Water make five or six Pills guild them and let him take them early in the Morning The Pills of Agarick and of Cochiae major are used for the same purpose Take of Gujacum and of Sarsaparilla each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water over hot Ashes then boil them over a gentle fire to the consumption of half strain it give half a Pint hot in the Morning and cover the Sick well that they may Sweat The use of this may be continued for fifteen or twenty days or longer In the use of Sudorifick Decoctions this is always to be observed viz. let some Purging Medicine be given once a Week omitting for that day the Sudorifick Potion Sneezing Apoplegmatisms Blisters Head Powders and Baths are also used After the use of the Diet Drink give the following Pills once a Week Take of the faetid Pill Coch. Minor each half a Dram Troches of Alhandal four Grains mingle them and make Pills to be taken in the Morning But because the Humour wants preparation before every Purge therefore two or three days before every Dose of the Pills give three or four Ounces of the following Water in the Morning two hours before Eating Take of Gujacum four Ounces of the Bark of the same one Ounce of Sarsaparilla one Ounce and an half of China one Ounce of Sassafras six Drams of Wood of Aloes and of Galingal each one Dram and an half of the Roots of Angelica Peony and Fennel each three Drams and an half of the Seeds of Peony two Drams infuse them twenty four hours in six Pints of Fountain Water and two Quarts of White Wine Afterwards add the Leaves of Bettony ground Pine Sage each one handful of the Flowers of the Lime-tree Primrose Staechas and Rosemary each two Pugils of Lavender Flowers one Pugil of Old Venice Treacle half an Ounce of the Seeds and Bark of Citron each two Drams and an half of Polypody half an Ounce of Cinnamon six Drams distil them in a Bath to two Pints and an half of the Liquor add four Ounces of Penids If the Purges abovementioned are not successful it will be convenient to give Chymical Vomits as Vinum Benedictum and the like if the Sick is able to bear them After general Evacuation we must use Topicks both to the Paralytick part to recall the Heat and Spirits and to the Spinal Marrow where for the most part resides the Cause of the Disease therefore let the part affected be rubbed daily gently with hot Cloaths and let Cupping Glasses be applied to the Heads of the Muscles of the part affected let them have a narrow Mouth and much Flame But they must not be kept on long lest what is attracted should be dissipated Afterwards apply a Plaister of Pitch and Rosin of the Pine that what is attracted may be kept in All the Paralytick part may be Stung gently with Nettles Afterwards the part affected may be anointed with proper Oils Ointments and Balsams The following Ointment is very good in this case Take of the Juice of Squills four Ounces of the Juice of Wild Cucumber and of the Juice of Rue each one Ounce of Euphorbium Castor Sagapenum Ammoniacum Bdellium dissolved all in Vinegar each one Dram and an half of Myrrh Frankincense Pellitory of Spain Niter each one Dram of Oils of Elder Turpentine and of Euphorbium each half an Ounce of Wax a sufficient quantity to make an Ointment After the anointing the part wrap it about with hot Cloaths If the Disease goes not off by these means Plaisters are to be applied to the Spine of the Back the following is of excellent use for this purpose Take of Ship-pitch Galbanum Sagapenum and Gum Ammoniack each one Ounce of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and of Mustard Seed each half an Ounce of Euphorbium two Drams of Yellow Wax three Drams of Oyl of Turpentine a sufficient quantity make a Plaister It is also very good to Sweat the Part affected by the Vapours from a Decoction of Cephalick Herbs and Roots made in White Wine but the Decoction must not touch the Part. A Decoction of the Roots of Burdock is also much commended in this Case These sorts of Baths are to be used twice or thrice a Week and after Bathing you must put the Sick to Bed and give him a Dram of Venice Treacle The green Leaves of Tobacco infused in Malago Wine and the Parts bathed with it after Sweating is reckoned the best outward Remedy for a Palsie But lastly the Bath Waters are best if the Sick drink of them some days Bath and Wash the Head with them and afterwards rub the Parts with the Infusion of Tobacco Leaves The Paralytick Parts must be always kept warm If it can be with the Skins of Foxes Hares or Lambs CHAP. X. Of a Convulsion A Convulsion in Latin Spasmus is an involuntary and perpetual Retraction of the Nerves and Muscles towards their Original It is twofold one properly so called to which the Definition above mentioned agrees the other is rather a Convulsive Motion and they are thus distinguished In a true Convulsion the retraction of the Muscle is continual and the Member immoveable In a Convulsive Motion the Member is variously agitated as in the Falling-sickness They also differ in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceeds from fulness or emptiness a Convulsive Motion from Irritation A true Convulsion is divided into universal and particular an universal takes its rise either from the Brain and then the Muscles of the Face are also seised with Convulsions or it arises from the beginning of the Spinal Marrow then the Muscles of the Head or those that move the Spine forward or backward are seised with Convulsions Upon which account there are three sorts
most fitly conduce to the carrying down of the Faeces When they I say are forced to give way to a Motion contrary to their Fibres the aforesaid Pain is occasioned from thence which is fixed to one part and is like the boreing of an Auger when either the Valve which is placed at the Beginning of the Colon hinders the going back of the Excrements to the Ilion or any other Membrane belonging to the Sinus sustains alone the Force of this preposterous Impulse We may assign a twofold Cause of this Inversion from whence the Pain arises viz. Obstruction and Iritation First therefore Whatever violently obstructs the Intestines so that nothing can pass downwards necessarily produces this contrary Motion in them Among these Authors are wont to reckon the Excrements hardened gross Wind collected in a great quantity and tying up as it were the Intestines the Constriction of them in a Rupture And lastly An Inflammation and other great Tumours which stop up the Internal Cavity of the Intestine In the mean time we must not deny that this contrary Motion owing its rise to these Causes is rather to be accounted the Motion of these things taken in than of the Intestines nor is this an Inversion of the whole Duct of the Intestines but only of those which are situated above the Seat of that Obstruction wherefore I call an Iliack Passion proceeding hence spurious Secondly I think that in the Iliack Passion the cause of the Inversion of the Peristaltick Motion of the Intestines is most commonly after this Manner viz. Sharp and malignant Humours are cast upon the Stomach and the Guts that are next to it by which the Motion of the Stomach is inverted and forced violently to cast up what is contained in it at length the small Guts that are joined to the Stomack being weakned yield to the violent Motion of it and with them at last the greater follow by Consent the Stomach Vomiting leading as it were the Dance this I call a true Iliack Passion and which is treated of now The Method of cureing it has been hitherto in a manner unknown whatever some boast of the use of Quicksilver and Bullets which besides that they do little good are very oft injurious I have successfully used the following Method When it appears by Glisters cast up by the Mouth and other Signs that it is a true Iliack Passion I endeavour these three things First That the contrary Motion of the Stomach which causes the like Motion of the Guts may be hindred Secondly That the Intestines being weakned by the sharp Humour may be corroborated Thirdly That the Stomach and Guts be freed from these Humours And that I may Answer these Indications I institute the Cure after this Manner First I prescribe one Scruple of Salt of Wormwood in a spoonful of Juice of Lemons to be taken Morning and Evening but at other times of the Day I order some spoonfuls of Mint Water without Sugar or any thing else to be taken twice in an Hour by the repeated use of which alone the Vomiting and the Pain arising from thence will soon vanish At the same time I order a living Kitling to lie continually upon the naked Belly But after the Pain and Vomiting has wholly ceased for the Space of two or three Days I give one dram of the Pill Coch-major dissolved in Mint-water which I also order to be used very often all the time of the working of the Pills that I may the more certainly hinder the Return of the Vomiting nor is the Kitling to be removed before the Patient has taken the Pills I have observed that it is to no purpose to give these Pills or any other Purge how strong soever until the Stomack is strengthned and reduced to its Natural Motion and the Guts also to that which is proper to them for otherwise all Catharticks taken inwardly would prove Emetick and so do more hurt than good and therefore I do not use Purging Medicines until for some Time I have used those Medicines which respect the Stomach I prescribe a very thin Diet for I allow onely some spoonfuls of Chicken-broath to be taken twice or thrice a day in the mean while I order the Patient to keep his Bed all the Time of the Sickness till the Signs of perfect Health appear and when he is well I appoint him to persist in the use of the foresaid Water for a long Time and to keep his Belly warm with Flannels doubled that there may not be a Relapse where unto this Disease is very prone CHAP. LXXIV Of Costiveness BY Costiveness we do not understand a pefect Stoppage of the Belly so that nothing is evacuated downwards as happens in the Iliack Passion but only a slow and unsuitable Evacuation that Way whereby the Excrements and the Relicts of the Meat are seldom ejected and not according to the quantity taken in When the Belly is bound Vapours arise to the Head and Catarrhs and Diseases of the Brain are produced the Concoction is hindred and the Actions of other Parts For the Cure of this Disease the following Medicines must be used Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows and of Lillies each two ounces of the Leaves of Mallows Marshmallows Mercury Violets Bears-breach each one Handful of Linseed and Fenugreek-seeds each half an ounce of the Seeds of Annise one dram and an half of sweet Prunes three pair of the Flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one Pugil boil them to a Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve of Oyl of Lillies and of Fenugreek-seeds each two ounces of fresh-butter half an ounce of Catholicon Duplicatum and of Diaprunum simplex each six drams make a Glister to be injected as often as there is Occasion But we must endeavour to loosen the Belly by other Remedies because by the frequent use of Glisters Nature grows more slothful and at length will never ease the Body without a Glister To this End sweet Prunes or roasted Aples are to be eaten an hour before Meals or in a Decoction of Prunes an ounce of Mauna must be dissolved The following Broth certainly loosens the Belly and keeps it loose for some Days Take of the Leaves of Beet and Mercury each one handful boil them in common Broth let it be taken an Hour before Dinner CHAP. LXXV Of a Lientery and the Caeliack Passion A Lientery is a sort of Loosness wherein the Meat is voided in a short time nothing altered but as it was taken in at the Mouth In the Caeliack Passion the Nourishment is voided crude and imperfectly digested There are many Causes of the Lientery and Caeliack Passion proposed by Authors all which may be reduced to three Heads viz. A cold Intemperies of the Stomach and Intestines an Irritation of those Parts and a great Debility of the retentive Faculty from a grievous and deadly Disease There is another Cause different from those mentioned which uses peculiarly to produce the Caeliack Passion
viz. The Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins whhich stops the Passage of the Chyle Aetius and Celsus and many of their followers do propose another Cause of the Lientery viz. A hard Cicatrix upon the Intestines produced by a Dysentery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the Variety of the Causes producing it And first that which is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour may be Cured with the following Remedies but you must begin by Purging Medicines made of Aloes Rubarb and Mirobalans Take of old Conserve of Roses six ounces of the best Venice Treacle six drams Marmalad of Quinces a sufficient quantity mix them Let the Sick take half a dram in the Morning drinking nothing upon it Or Take of Japan Earth one dram and an half of red Coral and Crabs-eyes prepared each one dram of old Conserve of Roses one ounce and an half of Balsamick Syrup a sufficient quantity mix them make an Electuary The Quantity of a Nutmeg of it may be taken Morning and Evening Take of Gum-caranna of the Magisterial Stomach Plaister each a sufficient Quantity of the Chymical Oyl of Wormwood twelve drops mix them make a Plaister for the Region of the Stomach That which proceeds from a bilious Humour is to be cured with the following Remedies Take of the best Aloes washed in Rose-water three drams of Rubarb powdered and moistened with Borrage-water one dram of Mastich red Sanders red Coral prepared each one scruple of Syrup of Roses solutive a sufficient quantity make a Mass for Pills of which let the Sick take half a dram or one dram at a time Take of sealed Earth Bole-Armenick red Coral prepared Pearls prepared of the Seeds of Purslain and Sorrel each one dram of the Shavings of Hartshorn and of the Leaves of Mint dried each one scruple of red Roses half a Pugil make a Powder to be sprinkled upon Broth or to be taken in a Spoon with a little Water wherein Iron hath been quenched But if the Stools be pure Chyle this Distemper does not proceed from the Fault of the Stomach but from the Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins which is very frequent and is chiefly incident to Children therefore it is to be cured with Remedies that open Obstructions CHAP. LXXVI Of a Diarrhea A Diarrhea is that sort of a Loosness in which excrementitious Humours without Blood Chyle or Ulceration of the Intestines are voided by Stool There is another Species of a Diarrhea which is called colliquative arising from the Colliquation of the Substance of the Body If a Diarrhea be critical and is easily born and the Disease goes off by it or is greatly diminished the Sick is benefited by it But if a Diarrhea be Symptomatical it occasions a great deal of Pain to the Sick the Strength greatly decreases and the Disease upon which it comes is considerably augmented or at least does not decrease As to the Cure a Symptomatick Diarrhea rises for the most part from bad and corrupted Humours therefore the Cure of it is to be begun with the Evacuation of the Peccant Humour Take of the best Rhubarb six grains of the Seeds of Coriander bruised two scruples infuse and boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-water to three ounces of the strained Liquor add of Rubarb torrified one Scruple of the Syrup of Succory with Rubarb one ounce mix them make a Draught to be taken in the Morning A Vomit is also sometimes convenient because it makes a Revulsion and Evacuation of the Morbisick Matter If there be Signs of abundance of Blood and the Body being strong Bleeding is necessary in the beginning The Body being sufficiently evacuated both by purging Medicines and the Loosness it self astringent and strengthning Medicines are to be given as well by the Mouth as injected by Glisters and applied to the Belly Take of Diascordium grains twenty five of the compound Powder of Crabs-Claws grains seventeen of Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mix them make a Bolus to be repeated upon Occasion Take of Epidemick-water half an ounce of Cinnamon-water hordeated three drams of black-cherry-water two ounces of Liquid Laudanum prepared with Juice of Quinces fifteen drops Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mix them let the Sick take this Mixture after the Bolus above prescribed and at Bed-time Take of Epidemick-water and of Cinnamon-water hordeated each three ounces of Mint-water one ounce of Black Cherry-water five ounces of Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mingle them let him take six spoonfuls after the Bolusses Take of Hartshorn calcin'd two ounces of Nutmeg four Scruples of the Roots of Tormentil three drams boil them in Fountain-water to three Pints adding towards the end an ounce of White-bread add to the strained Liquor two ounces of Doctor Stephens's water and sweeten it with Syrup of Quinces let him take it for his ordinary Drink Or Take of Diascordim three drams of Cinnamon-water and simple Angelica-water each five ounces infuse them hot in a close Vessel to draw a Tincture strain it and add to it fifty drops of Laudanum Cydoniated and a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Mint mingle them let him take two Spoonfuls every Night at bed-time and in the Day a spoonful after every Stool Or Take of London Laudanum three grains of Doctor Stephens's water and of Cinnamon-water hordeated each one ounce of Syrup of Quinces one dram mingle them make a Draught let him take it at bed-time repeat it at three in the Morning and at eight in the Morning Take of the Leaves of Mint the tops of Wormwood each four handfuls of Zedoary Galingal Cyperus sweet smelling Flag Nutmeg sharp Cinnamon Mace each half an ounce of Cubebs Cloves each two drams make two Bags to be boiled in Clarret-wine and Smiths-water each a quart press them hot out of the Liquor and apply them by turns to the Region of the Stomach Take of Conserve of common Wormwood half an ounce of old Mithridate Six drams of Powder of Mastich a sufficient quantity make a Plaister to be spread on Leather and to be applied to the Region of the Stomach you must spread the Margin with Paracelsus's Plaister to make it stick Or Take of the Stomach-plaister three drams of Oyl of Mace by Expression two scruples of Chymical Oyl of Wormwood and of Chymical Oyl of Mace each two drops mingle them make a Plaister to be applied to the Stomach Take of Diascordium six drams of Venice Treacle two drams boil them in Cows Milk let eight ounces of the strained Liquor be injected for a Glister and let it be repeated thrice Or Take of the Roots of Tormentil three drams of Yellow Mirobalans two drams of Balaustins one dram and an half of the Flowers of red Roses half an handful of Rice bruised half an ounce of Coriander-seeds half an ounce boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-water to fourteen ounces strain it and make a Glister of half of it and give the other half four hours