complexion is hot and moist rather temperate incolour Red Rosie or Crimson in smell not stinking in taste savoury of indifferent consistence neither too thicke nor too thinne and is of the nature of three signes of the Aire Gemini Libra Aquarius and hath its originall in the very first minute of our creation and is encreased by the meate we eat being drawne into the bottome of the ventricle and there detained untill by force of concoction it is turned into a thicke substance of colour according to the meate we eat much like in consistence to almond butter and this is called the Chylus which is formed round that it may be the better sucked out for were it like a trough that which was before concocted would be over much whiles the other is sucked out This Chylus seeming one and the same thing in its selfe yet consists of parts of a different nature either by reason of the variety of meats or by one and the selfe same meate this being perfectly concocted is received by the vena porta or gate veine and driven from thence into the small guts and sucked in by the meseraick veines so enters the liver where as some have thought it gets no tincture or rudiment but it being before coloured gives colour to the liver which otherwise is a thing of another kinde and of a farre different colour and from thence it enters the heart where it is perfected for they are much deceived who imagine the blood to have its originall in the liver for in Embrioes you may see the heart and all the vessels made before they live and an Egge in foure and twenty houres will be blood and then a Chicken so the bloud is the first that is made and of this masse of blood are all the other humours made at one and the same time The blood being thus composed is devided into two parts naturall and unnaturall Naturall which I have already shewed you is either arteriall contained in the arteries or venall contained in the veines the arteriall is more red cleare subtle hot and flowing from an opened artery in a violent maner the venall beats not is lesse red then the other darker of colour thick not so hot Vnnaturall is in quality by infection or commixtion with an humour it is unnatural in quality when it is changed from its good complexion is either too hot or too cold too thicke or too thinne or more subtle then it should be by infection when that some part of the bloud is evidently infected and putrified by commixture with another humour that is when there is more of another humour then ought to be either outwardly when the evill humour encreases outwardly on the bloud or inward when an evill humour gâ—nerated within the bloud is absolutly mingled with it as when some part of the bloud being putrified and its subtle parts turned into choller and the grosse parts turned into melancholy and that choller or melancholy become adust and remaine with the bloud it insects and putrifies it and thus it is alienated from the naturall either in substance color smel or tast in substance because it is thicker and more troubled as when there is mingled with it blacke choller or subtler by the commixture of yellow watry choller in colour by either declining to white by the mixture of phlegme or to blacknes by the mixture of melancholy by smell by being of a worse savour by the admixture of rotten humours or by altogether wanting savour by the mixture of raw humors in tast by turning either into bitternesse by mixture of choller or to sharpnesse by mixture of melancholy or to unsavorinesse by the mixture of phlegme And to conclude bloud is no question the first amongst other humors towards the beginning and sustaining of mans lifâ— towards the beginning as thus the seed is nothing else but bloud made white by the more powerfull concoction in the testicles and of bloud is generated the mâ—terial cause of marrow for it is not to be doubted but all the parts of our body are more nourished thereby then by any other humour which will appeare by this exâ—mple the ventricle of a child is nourished in the womb not by any Chilus for there is none but by the mothers bloud which the liver drawes by the veines of the navell Blood is the matter containing the spirits of which the life and every operation of the vegetative vertue consists whether vitall or animall and it may very well challenge to its selfe the principall place being farre more convenient then any of the other humours towards the maintaining of life by reason of its heate and moisture and because it more nourishes the body and more weakens it by its losse for it is the treasure of life through the losse whereof followes death immediately Those in whom this humour abounds are beautified with a fresh and rosie colour gentle and well natured pleasant merry and facetious it is best generated in the spring and accordingly in youth that is to say from the five and twentieth yeare to the thirtieth yeare of age The blood thus brought to the liver as before must of necessity be purged from his too excrementitious humours whereof the bladder of the gale drawes one which we call yellow choller and the spleene the other which we call melancholy which are naturall and excrementitious but not alimentary or nourishing but we will leave these for a while and speake of phlegme which hath the next place to blood because it is neerer the radicall moisture Phlegme Naturall Phlegme is twofold naturall and unnaturall Naturall as it is cold and moist white and sweet by an imperfect concoction in the second digestion taking its originall from the watry and crude parts of the Chylus and is meerely blood perfectly concocted having neither the colour nor the aptnesse to nourish fleshy members that blood hath so that that part of the Chylus that hath suffered any digestion in the liver while the blood is perfected and remaines white savory and watry and of a remisse colour is called phlegme which hath no proper receptacle as the other humours have but runnes along with the bloud that in time of necessity it may likewise be made bloud or at least may supply its defect but it hath an improper receptacle which is the stomach whether it often gathers and the lungs on which it sometimes falles Vnnaturall Phlegme The unnaturall is either changed in its quality or in its quantity by being mixed with other humours for there must be a substance in all a just quality and quantity to the substance belongs the consistence to the quantity belongs proportion and to the quality appertaines savour and colour choller for example must be thin malancholy thicke pituit or phlegme in a meane almost like bloud choller in his first qualities ought to be hot and dâ—y in his second qualities bitter and yellow phleghme in its first qualities ought
periosteum that which covers the braine pan is called the pericranion which covers the braine is called the mevinx that which covers the ribs and the contained parts as the heart lights and aspera arteria is a proper coate and is called a compassing membrane that which containes the naturall parts and gives to every one his proper coat is called peritoneum and from these the parts have feeling for if you scrape the periosteum from the bone you may cut the bone burn it or any thing without any paine Skinne The skin is the greatest of all the membranes it is the coat covering all the body except such places by which any excrements are evacuated as the eies eares nose privities fundament mouth and ends of the fingers where the nailes grow it is the sluce of the whole body through which it is purged by sweat from all fulginous excrements of substance it is spermaticke for being once lost it cannot be restored as formerly it was but there remaines a skar which is nothing els but flesh dried beyond measure it takes its feeling from the nerves of which together with veines and arteries it is composed and is by nature cold and drie ordained for to keep safe and sound the continuity of the whole body and all the parts thereof from the violent assault of all externall dangers Simple flesh Simple flesh may be seene in the gummes and ends of the fingers the flesh of a muscle is very like these â—ut it is not simple in the pâ—ppes and stones it is called gludulous flesh and the substance of the heart and liver is called flesh but improperly Fat Fat and flesh proceed both from one and the same matter that is blood the difference is that flesh comes of blood heate and overdried the fat from cold by a certaine congealing or growing together of membranes it is of a middle temper betweene heat and cold although it may seeme cold in respect of the efficient cause that is of cold by which it concreates in the joynts is another sort of fat farre more solid and hard then the former and it is mixed with a viscid humour tough like the whites of Egs that it may for a good space moisten those parts which are subject to much drines by their continuall motion another kinde of fat is called seame Seame which is much dryer then ordinary fat and lyes principally about the midriffe where there are many windings of arteries and veines it lyes also about the reines loynes and basis of the heart Compound members Those parts are called compound which are made and composed by the mediation or immediately of the simple which they terme otherwise organicall or instrumentall as an Arme Leg Hand Foote and others of that kinde the simple parts cannot be devided into any particles but of the same kinde but the compound may they are called instrumentall and organicall because they performe such actions of themselves as serves for the preservation of themselves and the whole body as the eye by it selfe not assisted by any other part seeth and by his faculty defends the whole body and also it selfe In each instrumentall part we observe foure properties One by which the action is properly performed as the Christaline humour in the eye The Second without which the action cannot be perfomed as the nerve the other humors of the eye The Third whereby the action is better and more conveniently done as the tunicles and muscles The Fourth by which the action is preserved as the eye-lid and circle of the eye The same we say of the hand as First by the muscle Secondly by the ligament Thirdly by the bones and nailes Fourthly by the veines arteries and skinne Instrumentall parts The instrumentall parts have a fourefold order those that are immediately composed of the simple are of the first order as the muscles and vessels they are of the second that consist of the first simple and others besides as the fingers they are of the third that are composed of the second order and others besides as the hand in generall The fourth order is the whole body the instrument of the soule In all these parts whether simple or compound we doe consider nine things Substance Quantity Figure Composition Number Connexion Temperature Action and Use Amongst the organicall parts there is three principall parts governing all the rest viz. the Braine Heart and Liver because from them some force power or faculty proceeds and flowes over the whole body when as there is no such sent from any other part To these some adde the testicles not for that they are of necessity of the individuall or peculiar body but for generation and preservation of the species Herein we may see the industry of nature who like a good Architect seeks not only to build and furnish her fabricke with all kinde of materialls necessary by which the body may live but also she hath furnished it with the testicles thereby to make it immortall because hereby every one may substitute another in his place before he depart this world The veines arteries and nerves are the first simple instrumentall parts the veines Veines spring all from the liver the arteries Arteries from the heart except only the vena arteriosa which hath its originall from the eight ventricle of the heart it is called vena arteriosa Vena arteriosa compositively therefore is not reckoned amongst the simple instrumentall parts for it is called a veine because it distributes alimentary blood to the lungs and arterious because like an artery it consists of two coates all the rest consist but of one coate knit together with a triple kinde of fibres and this veine hath two principall cavities one by which the Chylus is carried to the liver and is called vena porta Vena porta or the gate veine the other by which the blood made out of the Chylus is dispersed amongst all the members for nourishment and is called vena cava Vena cava the hollow veine The gate veine hath its originall in the blunt end or lower end of the liver and there it spreads its rootes The hollow veine beginneth in the gibbous part of the liver The truncke of the gate veine is divided into two principall branches the one is splenicus which is carried to the spleene the other is mesentericus which goes to the mesentery it hath other small slips that nourish the most part of the lower belly and take their names from the parts they nourish as that which nourishes the ventricle is called grastica intestinalis that nourishes the intestines cistica which brings nourishment to the bladder of the gall from the mesentery branch spring small slips to the right gut which makes the hemorroids The truncke of the hollow veine is also divided into two branches one is carried upwards to nourish the superiour parts another is carried downward to nourish the inferiour An artery differs from a veine because it consists of two
parts and the just number of the parts and the â—quall proportion it is required that they have a right scituation and that they joyne all together as nature hath appointed in a well composed body from hence it is that if any member be out of joint if the intestines fal down into the flanck or cod if the right gut come out it is called a disease in scituation wherto pertains the growing together of the lips fingers and secret parts of women eyther from the birth or by an ulcer Bâ—sides number magnitude and scituation is also required a conformation of the instrument which consists of foure things 1 the figure 2 the cavity 3 the smoothnesse 4 the roughnesse some have their nostrils either by nature or accident depressed and closed some their nose either turning too much up or pressed too much downe which we call a disease in figure also crooked legges are called a disease in figure if the pores of the skin the veines arteries nerves or uceters are too big and wide or too narrow and small or crushed by som neighbouring part it is called a disease in the passage or hollownes the like if the guttes are stopped when the part made by nature light becomes heavy as the aspera arteria whose inner coat ought to be light if it be made heavier or sharper by some acride distillation or if the part which ought to be rough as the ventricle wombe and guttes the better to containe if they be made light or smoth as it happens to the guttes affected with a fluxe and to women with child who miscarry by reason of the slipperinesse of the wombe it is called a disease of roughnes or smoothnes A solution of continuity A distemperature only hurts the actions of the similar parts an organicall disease hurts the instrument but a solution of continuity as an ulcer a wound a fracture a luxation and tumors against nature doe hurt both the operations of the similar parts trouble and hinder the use of the instruments and therfore are called common diseases a fracture in a bone is called a solution of continuity in a nerve a convulsion in a ligament a divulsion in the skin the excoriation in the flesh a wound ulcer rupture contusion a rupture of the fleshy part as of a muscle and sometimes of a veine or artery is a solution without a wound a wound is a solution of continuity in the fleshy part from an outward cause an ulcer from an inward cause as a sharp corroding humour CHAP. XVI Of the causes of diseases The causes of diseases THE cause of a disease is an affect against nature which causes the disease which is either externall or internal the externall is that which is outwardly and evidently upon our bodies as strokes falles shot woundes c. the internall have their seat in the body and are divided into an antecedent and a conjunct the conjuâ—ct is it which neerest and immediately causes the disease as the bloud which causeth a phlegme the antecedent doth not actually cause a disease but procures matter and stirs it up almost to the making of a disease but between it and the disease are some causes placed as aboundance of humours and ill digestion and these things must chiefely be considered before we think of expelling the disease because How to remove a disease diseases are first cured by removing the cause antecedent and then the causes conjunct The externall ought to be knowne because they breed diseases internall and wonderfully change the body therefore to be sought with all diligence that they bring us to the knowledge of the hidden internall diseases The externall are either not to be avoided and amended but necessarily enter into our bodies as aire meat and drinke labour and rest sleepe and watching repletion and evacuation and perturbations of the minde or to be avoided and unnecessary as warre wounds by swords or stones and the like The cause of a disease commeth sometimes from the corrupt matter whereof they are generated as when either the father or mother is not sound then needs must the seminall matter be infected and thus the disease is called hereditary some are ingendrd after our birth as by the evill regiment of life by strokes falls c. as you have heard CHAP. XVII Of a simptome What a Simptome is THere is as I have shewed you before three affects contrary to nature the cause of a disease the disease and a simptome the cause goeth before the disease a simptome accompanies it just as the shadow goeth with the body in the generall signification it is called any thing whatsoever that chanceth to man contrary to nature for whether it be cause or a disease yet if they come in a disease and are over and above nature they are properly called simptomes There be three kinds of a simptome first when the action is hurt which may be done three waies they mâ—y be abolished diminished and weakned or depraved as when an eie is blind the action of seeing is depraved or abolished dulnesse of sight is a diminution or weakning thereof and a suffusion which hapneth in the beginning of a cataract is a deprivation of the sight The second is the immoderate evacuation or retention of excrements as by retaining such as should be evacuated and expelling those as should be retained as bleeding in a sound heathfull body that is not plethoricke and retention of the courses in women urine and stone in the bladder The third is a simple affect of the body or a mutation of some qualities contrary to nature as the scabbe of the flesh to a leprosie Thus I have shewed you the briefe introduction to the art of physick wherof I have only gathered together the chiefe and principall heads because it is so largely discoursed on by others yet out of such a magazine I thought it not amisse to extract a small proportion briefely to instruct the practitioner in the chiefest things belonging and necessarily to be considered in the administration of medicaments for the chiefest thing that belongs to a Physition is to know the causes of thinges which the antient Philosophers got by admiration of the fabrique next I shall shew you the exposition of some wordes difficult to bee understood and so as breifely as I can proceed to the medicaments CHAP. XVIII Ill dayes CRiticall daies be such daies on which there is or may be perceived some manifest alteration in a sick body either to health death or continuance of sicknes and are very necessary to be observed the critick day doth often happen after the beginning of the sicknes the 3. 5. 7. 9. 11. 14. 17. 21. 28. day in which daies neither medicines nor bloudings should be used neither any naturall or voluntary evacuation be stopt as flux of the belly bleeding at the nose urine sweate vomiting flux of the hemorrhoids or courses in women some follow the Egptians rule in observing certaine daies wherin if any fal
he includes two principall offices of a Physitian for a disease proceeds either from too much emptinesse or from too much fulnesse The first whereof is cured by adding what is wanting end the latter by taking away that which exceedes Galen calls physicke a science of the healthfull unhealthfull and neuters which are neither well nor can properly be said to be sicke and this is made good three waies as the body as the cause and as the signe that body is counted healthfull that enjoyes his perfect health that cause is healthfull that procures health and is the meanes of preserving it The healthfull signe doth show or indicate the present health the unhealthfull body is affected with a disease which is generated by an unhealthfull cause and the manner and greatnesse of the griefe is showne by the unhealthfull signe a body is said to be neither healthfull nor sicke when it is as it were declining and cannot be said to be perfectly well nor altogether sicke But the more vulgar and common definition of physicke is this Physicke is an art which preserves health in the sound and restores it to the sicke and preserves the neuters that are neither well nor sicke and from hence it is said to be an art of things naturall not naturall and against nature the former were according to the theory these are according to the practique Things naturall doe agree with our nature and are those things whereof our body is compacted and made and are in number seven viz. Elements Temperaments Humours Members Faculties Operations and Spirits Things not naturall are those meane and indifferent things whereby the body is preserved in health and are six in number Aire Meate and Drinke Sleepe and Watching Labour and Rest Fulnesse and Emptinesse or repletion and inanition and perturbations of the minde Things against nature are those that doe destroy our health and are of three sorts A Disease the cause of a Disease and a Symptome Hereby you may understand the two parts of Physicke Theoricke and Practique and by the Theoricke know every disease and the quality thereof and by the Practique to preserve health and cure a disease by the due administration of things not naturall and by removing of those that are against nature Things naturall and which properly belong to the constitution of our body are as I said before in number seven Elements Temperaments Humours Members Faculties Actions Spirits whereto are annexed Sex Colour Composure Time or season Region Vocation of life CHAPTER I. Of Elements An Element what it is AN Element is the most least and simple portion whereof any thing is made and in the destruction thereof is lastly resolved which to say plainely the foure first and simple bodies which accommodate and subject themselves to the generation of all manner of things be the mixture perfect or imperfect Thus Aristotle called the Heaven an Element counting five parts of the world Heaven Fire Aire Water and Earth Of Elements we reckon foure whereof two are grosse and heavy and move downewards as Earth and Water and two are light and strive upwards as Fire and Aire Earth is a simple body whose naturall place is the center of the universe in which it naturally remaines solid and still round as an apple in the middle whereof as the antient Philosopher writes is the pit of hell like as the blacke kernels lyeth in the midst of the apple and at the day of doome when all things shal be renewed then shall this Element be made a thousand fold more transparent and brighter then the Christall or any pretious Stone that they that are in the bitter paines of hell to their encrease of torment shall through it behold the blisfull joyes of heaven which will be more paine to them then all the torments of hell Earth is of nature cold and dry Water is also a simple body whose naturall place is to compas the earth it is light in respect of the earth but heavie in respect of the fire and aire therefore Reolanus saith that the earth holds the lowest part because of it's heavinesse and the fire because it is absolutly light hath the highest place the aire and water because they are as it were equally heavie or light have the middle place water being heavier then the ayre lighter then the earth the nature of water is cold and moist Aire is a simple body whose naturall place is above the Water and under the Fire and is by nature hot and moist Fire is also a simple body whose naturall place is above all the elementary parts because it is a hollow superficies of the Heavens and by its absolute lightnesse striveth upward even to Heaven its nature is hot dry these are so contrary in nature that they cannot be joined without a meane which is a temperament which fals out next to be treated of CHAP. II. Of Temperaments What is a Temperament A Temperament therefore is a concord or mixture of the former disagreeing elements or a mixture of hot cold moist and drie Of these temperaments which are in number nine eight are called distemperate and one temperate The temperate is also devided either to temperature of weight or temperature of justice but we call it not a temperature to weight wherein the elements are mingled by a like heape or weight but where it is exquisitely made temperate by the equall mixture of the foure first qualities wherein no quality exceeds but wherein all equality is included and that as if it were put in a ballance it drawes downe neither to this nor that parte Secundum justitiam A temperament to justice is that which is conveniently temperate to the vse that nature hath appointed and destinated it therefore all those things that have taken from nature a mixture of the elements though unequall yet agreeable to motion and use are called temperaments secundum justitiam as if wee see any living creature that performes the functions of nature aptly and as is ought to doe we say he hath a temperament secundum justitiam according to justice The distemperate temperament is double simple and compound the simple wherin one only quality exceeds the other two contemperate as hot cold moist dry hot in which the heate hath the dominion over the cold the moist and drie being temperate cold in which the cold excels the heate the other two being temperate The compound in which two qualities exceed and this is hot and moist or hot and drie cold and moist or cold and drie for the first qualities may be joyned within themselves six manner of waies but heate cannot be joyned with cold nor moisture with drinesse because they are in themselves contrary neither can they remaine together in one subject Heere may be added the temperatures of the seasons of the yeere which are four Spring Summer Autumn and Winter and are in nature hot cold moist and drie Spring The Spring is the most temperate as being neither too cold and moist
congeales when it is out of its vessels but red choller will not it is made red by being mingled with some bloudy moisture and it is made pale almost to the likenesse of naturall choller by the mixture of phlegme Blacke Black choller so much degenerates from the naturall as that it acquires the name of another humour which is properly called melancholy of which we will speake in his place You shall understand that that part of naturall choller that goeth with the blood through the veines is sent thither for two speciall reasons which we may call necessity and profit of necessity because it is requisit and needfull that the cholericke members be nourished by it whereto agreat part of choller is required Secondly for profit that it may subtle the blood in the veines and make itth more penetrating in its passage Another part of naturall choller is seperated from the masse of humours generated in the liver and is sent to the bladder of the gall of necessity and for profit of necessity that the whole body may be purged cleansed and mundified from cholericke superfluities for the gall either by its owne property or by the naturall attractive vertue doeth draw unto it choler as a thing most fit and proper for it self even after the maner of the Loadstones drawing of iron which kind of delight in attracting is established in a certaine hidden sympathy which nature hath ordained betweene choler and the bladder of the gall by whose attraction the whole body and likewise the bloud is cleansed and mundified from all superfluous choler which otherwise might impaire the health secondly for profit first that it may wash the intestines from dregs and viscous phlegm secondly to pricke and sting the guts and muskles of the belly that they may feele that it is hurtfull for them and therefore may endevour to expell it for the expulsive faculty doth not exercise it selfe in expelling the dregs remaining in the belly and guttes unles it be excited by choler flowing thereunto whereby it often happens that the passages betweene the gall and the guts being stopped the colicke ensues Choler is chiefly bred and expelled in youth and acride and bitter meats yeeld matter to it but great labours of body and mind give the occasion It maketh a man nimble quicke ready for any performance leane and much subject to anger and quicke of concoction Choler is of the nature of the three signes of the fire Avies Leo and Sagittarius and is fiery hot and drie of consistence thin of colour yellow or pale or taste bitter it provoketh the expulsive faculty of the guts and attenuates the phlegme cleaving to them but the alimentary is fit to nourish the partes of like temper with it Melancholy Melancholy or the melancholy humour being the grosser portion and as it were the mud and dregges of the bloud is partly sent from the liver to the spleene to nourish it and partly carried by the vessels into the rest of the body and spent in the nourishment of the parts endewed with an earthly drynesse it is an enemy to mirth and jollity and neere kinsman to death and is by the ancients devided into two parts as phlegme is that is naturall Naturall melancholy and unnaturall the naturall is cold and drie and is generated in the Chilus passing as aforesaid Vnnaturall melancholy The unnatural is not like the dregs of blod but it is like the lees of wine burnt hotter lighter then naturall melancholy is and taks its originall from any of the humors adust as from choller adust turned into melancholy which only amongst all the humours reserves its owne proper tast that is bitter from phlegme adust which phlegme if it be watery and very subtle then the melancholy thereof generated will be salt which if it be not salt then the melancholy will be acide and sharpe from bloud adust and this kind of melancholy is salt having also some little sweetnesse for bloud is the treasure of nature and most diligently preserved by the other humours whereby it seldome happens that it is wholy and totally adust because it retaines some sweetnes from naturall melancholy adust from whence it happens that if the naturall melancholy from whence this unnaturall melancholy proceeds be subtle then this melancholy arising from the adustion will be even as sharp as vineger and being cast on the ground turnes into bubbles and this is the worst of all the kindes of melancholies and is called atra bilis Atra bilis or blacke melancholy for it not only corrodes the parts whereinto it is gathered but wheresoever it touches it burnes and scaldes as powerfully as Lime Ashes or burnt Lees of Wine wherein some reliques of fire remaine hereby it happens that a disentery caused by this humour is deadly because it ulcerates the intestines now blood adust melancholy humours and atra bilis may easily be distinguished for from blood adust arise carbuncles from melancholy schirrous tumours and from atra bilis is generated cancer and of this last the smell is so contagious that the very flies doe shunne it but if that naturall melancholy be grosse then that which proceeds from it by adustion will be of farre lesse sharpnesse A part likewise of naturall melancholy passeth along with the blood of necessity and for profit of necessity that it may be mingled with the blood in that quantity and proportion as is necessary and requisite to nourish some members which are maintained by a great portion of melancholy as the bones and other cold and dry melancholy members Secondly for profit that it may attenuate the grossenesse of the blood and strengthen and consolidate it untill it becomes a solid part of such hard members as it ought to nourish A part of naturall melancholy is also sent unto the spleene the blood having no need thereof which is done for the aforesaid causes The first is universall for it is very necessary the whole body should be purged of superfluous melancholy and also particular because it ought to nourish a particular member that is the spleen The second is of the melancholy that flowes to the orifice of the stomacke and by his stipticity straining and as it were milking out the moisture it there findes as a woman straines and presses out the milke from the Cowes teates with her fingers and this profit arises two severall waies first when melancholy bindes unites and strengthens the orifice of the stomacke that the meate may be the better retained therein secondly where such melancholy by his acridnesse makes a kinde of commotion in the mouth of the stomacke whereby the desire of meate is excited and stirred for after the mouth of the stomacke is thus moved a kinde of griping followes as saith Iames de Forlivio which presently the sensitive faculty perceiving is excited to the desire of meate whereby that griping is ended Melancholy is made of meates of grosse juice and by the perturbations of the minde turned
coates that the spirits may not be exhaled and that it may not be broken by the continuall motion and beating a veine beates very little or not at all A nerve A nerve is that which proceeding from the braine or spinall marrow hath sence and motion some partes of the body which have nerves have feeling also but no voluntary motion as the membranes veines arteries guts and all the entrailes from the braine arise two soft nerves which have feeling the hard nerves spring from the spinall marrow and are moving from the braine proceed seven conjugations of nerves from the spinall marrowe thirty paire that is sixty nerves some nerves cannot be perceived to be hollow at all it is a simple part of our body bred and nourished by a grosse and phlegmaticke humour The second instruments Of the three first and simple instruments veines nerves and arteries and of the eight aforesaid parts least conformable being knit in due quantity number and scite spring the second instruments amongst which the muscles Muscles have the first place as being the instruments of voluntary motion which is performed six maner of waies viz. upwards downewards forwards backwards to the right hand and to the left hand this is simple motion the second voluntary motion is circularly as when you lure a hauke you swinge your hand round A muscle consists of veines nerves and arterious flesh and fibres from which they receive nourishment life sense and motion they are reckoned amongst the second instruments because they consist of a coate a tendon and a ligament and are devided into three partes the begining middle and end the head insertion and neather parte and these are all differing in figure scituation perforation and quantity colour and connexion The fingers The fingers consist not only of veines of which they are nourished of arteries from whence they receive spirit and vitall heate nerves by which they feele and muscles whereby they are mooved but also of three bones in each finger that is fifteene in each hand which are hollow fistulous and full of thinne and liquid marrow and not of grosse and thick as in the arme or thigh whereby they are fortified and sustained likewise of ligaments whereby the bones are connexed of flâ—sh and skin by whose coniunction is ordained the true organicall touching the fingers are in number five The nailes are generated by the fibers of the ligaments and the excrements of the tendons which are terminated at the bottom of the nailes The hand The hand consists of five fingers the palme or hollow of the hand the back of the hand and the wrest it is the instrument of instuments made for to take up and hold any thing for with the hands are all the other instruments made it is devided into five fingers the more easily to take up even the least bodies of any figure or fashion soever and to this end nature ordained us the nailes because the fingers ends being soft flesh might not turne away in meeting with a hard body The heart The heart is the chiefe mansion of the soule the organe of the vitall faculty and is placed in the body as the Sun in the firmament it is placed by nature as it were in a box that it may have free liberty to spread it selfe and receive hurt neither from the ribs or vertebres of the chest it containes a continuall moisture that by its motion and heat it may not be over dried it consists of a hard and dense flesh in which are two hollowes the right side is the biggest the left side is the more corpulent and thereby the more straite but it is the more solid and thick that the vitall spirits which are worked in it may not be exhaled In the right hollow are two vessels a branch of the hollow veine whereby the heart drawes the bloud from the liver and the gate veine by which it sends the bloud throughly concocted and subtilized to the lunges In the left side also are two vessels the great Artery Aorta whereby it sends the vitall spirits every way and the arteria venosa whereby it receives the aire from the lunges which are only the bellowes of the heart to coole it The heart hath auricles or little eares on every side to hold up the gate vein and branch of the hollow veine that they be not broken by the violent motion of the heart the heart is one alone scituate most commonly upon the fourth vertebrae of the chest being placed there by nature because it is the most sure and armed place and is besides as it were covered on every side by the hands of the lunges and is made of a more dense solid and compact substance then any other part of the body because it must have a naturall motion of its selfe These thinges I have spoken in briefe only to shew you how necessary it is to be perfect in Anatomie wherby you shall the more easily discern the pâ—rts affâ—cted by the place of paine and cure it by a fit application of remedies without the hurting of any other part next I shall speake of the faculties CHAP. V. Of Faculties What a faculty is A Faculty is a certaine power and efficient cause proceeding from the temperament of the part and the cause whereof proceed the actions and powers of the body The animall faculty Of these are three kindes in every perfect body that is the Animall Vitall and Naturall which have a certaine simpathy one with another for if one be hurt all the rest suffer with it The Animall is that which proceeds from the proper temperament of the braine and yields knowledge sense and voluntary motion and this is of three kindes 1. Moving which remaines in the Muscles and Nerves as the fit instruments of voluntary motion 2. Sensative which consists in the five externall senses Sight Hearing Taste Smell and Touch. 3. and principall which comprehends the reasonable faculty the memory and fantasie The Animall faculty being thus seated in the braine sends from thence sence and motion by the nerves or certaine chanels into the whole body Vitall faculty But the Vitall faculty is that which sendeth life to every member of the whole body and maintaines the essence of the spirits and this hath his seat in the heart from whence he sends heat through the arteries to every part of the body and is much hindred by diseases in the breast Naturall faculty The naturall faculty is that which carries the nourishment into all the members of the body and this claimes his place in the liver it is by Avicen and most of the ancient Philosophers concluded that this naturall faculty is divided into two parts whereof one is the preserving of life and health unseparable and to nourish the body as comming from the fountaine and mint of nourishment the other is the preserving and maintaining the forme and species made in generation First by drawing the seminall matter from the humours of the body and
Appetite procured part ibidem page 49 num 6. Asthma cured part 2. page 113. num 8. page 121. num 26. Artichoke stalkes dried part ibidem page 147. num 21. Apricockes dried part ibidem page 145. num 16. Aire which is best part 1. page 59. B Backe strengthned and cooled part 2. page 11. num 10. page 158. num 10. page 49. num 6. Balmes to make part ibidem page 94. Banisters balme Vesalius his balsome page 96. Fallopius his balsome page 97. Barberies preserved part ibidem page 141. num 5. candied page 148. num 22. Bathes part ibidem page 98. Belly purged part ibidem page 173. num 61. Bloud what it is part 1. num 23. Blouding part ibidem page 80. Bloudy flux stopped part 2. page 42. num 51. page 49. num 6. page 163. num 23. page 43. num 53. Bleeding stanched part ibidem page 61. num 3 page 66. num 18. page 92. num 15 page 173. num 60. at nose page 168. num 43. Bloud clensed part ibidem page 40. num 46. good bloud bred page 172. num 57. Beauty procured part ibidem page 80. num 36. Blasting helped part 2. page 44. num 57. page 165. num 31. Boxing or cupping part 1. page 82. Bone broken to draw out part 2. page 17 num 16. cured page 46. num 64 page 51 num 10. page 89. Bone ache part ibidem page 167. num 39. Botches or boiles part ibidem page 51. num 10. pestilent botch page 167. num 38 page 169. num 49. Braine strengthened part ibidem page 22. num 13. Breast purged part ibidem page 123 num 1. Breast sore part ibidem page 89. num 2. page 92. num 16 17 18. Breath kept sweet part ibidem pâ—ge 44. num 55. page 38. num 41. page 74 num 22 page 97 num 35. Bladder and reines purged part ibidem page 38. num 42. naples bisket part ibidem page 153 num 33 frence bisket num 34 prince bisket num 35. Bruises cured part ibidem page 171 num 54 page 42 num 51 page 49 num 6 page 51 num 10 page 54 num 17 page 38 num 42 page 12. num 14 page num 11. page 10. num 9. Burne or scald part 2 page 13 num 16 part 16 num 23. C Cabbage stalks dried part 2 page 147 num 21. Candy rocke very clear part ibidem page 149 num 25. Cankers cured part ibidem page 86 num 58 page 71 num 10 page 58 num 26. page 30 num 21. page 17 nu 16 page 70 num 9 page 105 num 4 in the mouth page 76 num 24. Cataplasmes or poultisses part ibidem page 89. Catarches cured part ibidem page 25 num 20. Cleare cakes part ibid m pâ—ge 148 num 24. Carbuncles cured part ibidem page 167 num 48 page 86 num 58 page 91 num 11. Cherries preserved part ibidem page 138 num 1 dried page 146 num 17. Cider to make part ibidem page 135 num 14. Clisters to make part ibidem page 3. Collar what part 1 page 29 purged part 2 page 63 num 9 page 104 num 1 2. Good Colour bred part 2 page 172 num 57. Chops in the hands or feet part ibidem page 43 num 53. Child dead in the wombe expelled part ibidem page 34 num 30 page 41 num 48 page 38 num 42 page 123 num 1. Childbed paine eased part ibidem page 35 num 32 page 41 num 49. Collicke cured part ibidem page 174 num 65 page 41 num 49 page 43 num 53 page 62 num 5 page 104 num 2 page 36 num 33 page ibidem num 34 page 38 num 40 page ibidem num 43 page 40 num 46 page 21 num 10 speedily eased page 49 num 6. Consumption cured part ibidem page 157 num 6 page 99 num 4 page 31 num 22. Concoction helped part ibidem page 324 num 4. Conception false expelled part ibidem page 42 num 50 Conception helped num 51 page 43 num 53 page 49 num 6 page 79 num 35. Conserve of Plums part ibidem page 143 num 11 of tender fruits or berries page 144 num 12. Contusions part ibidem page 37 num 36. Cough cured part ibidem page 37 num 38 page 34 num 30 page 42 num 52 Cough or Cold pa. 105 n. 6 page 122 num 29 page 123 num 1 of the lungs p ge 121 num 27 28 page 157 num 5 page 166 num 36 page 35 num 32. Courses in women Provoked part ibidem page 165 num 33 page 123 num 1 page 119 num 24 page 49 num 6 page 45 num 59 page 44 num 56 page 42 num 50 page 34 num 30 page 23 num 16 page 38 num 42 page 37 num 39 page 11 num 12. Crampe part ibidem page 20 num 9. page 22 num 14. page 25 num 20 page 35 num 32 page 95 num 4. Fresh cuts part ibidem page 58 num 28. D. Dayes good and evill part 1 page 78. Damsons preserved part 2 page 139 num 3. Decoction of flowers and fruits part ibidem page 132 num 7. Drinke which is best part 1 page 61. Disease what part 1 page 72 cause of a disease page 75. Disentery helped part 2 page 24 num 18. Dropsie cured part ibidem page 174 num 62. page 79 num 35 page 44 num 56 page 41 num 48 page 40 num 46. E Elements what part 1 page 6. Electuaries Diaphaenicon part 2. page 104. Benedicta Confectio Hamech part 105 Heir a simplex 106 de ovo page 107 of the juice of roses page 104. Eearewigs got into the head part 2 page 161 num 16. Emplaisters part 2 page 47 de Ianua Divinum ibi the blacke emplaister page 48 Sir Philip Parys his emplaister page 49 Oxecrotium page 51 Doctor Morsus Oxecrotium page 52 gratia Dei page 53 57 green salve 55 tobacco salve page 58 blacke salve page 59. Epilepsie curied part ibidem page 22 num 14. Emerroids cured part ibidem page 30 page 40 num 44. Eares thâ—t run part ibidem page 97 num 7. Eares troubled with a buzzing part 2 page 160 num 13. Eringo roots candied part ibidem page 150 num 26. Eies cleared part ibidem Page 163 num 24 page 123 num 3 blearednes cured page 97 num 7 page 86 num 58 page 84. num 49 dimnes cured page 82 num 42 bruised eie page 82 num 41 sore eies page 81 num 39 page 76 num 25 26 27. page 77 num 29 page 7 num 7 Eies inflamed page 68 num 1 page 49 num 6 pâ—ge 44 num 56 page 43 num 54 page 40 num 46. F Faculties what part 1. page 49. Face cleared part 2 page 71 num 12 preserved young page 72 num 16 made smooth page 73 num 17 18 19 20. rednes and pimples cured page 74 num 21 face and hands made white page 85 num 53 after the pox page 12 num 13 14. Freckles taken off
ibidem page 23 num 28. Strangury cured part ibidem page 41 num 49 page 38 num 40. Succkets candied part ibidem page 150 num 27. Sugar boiled to a manus Christi height part ibidem page 154 num 36 to a candy height num 37. Suppositars to make part ibidem page 4. Swelling comming of a hot cause part ibidem page 90 num 4 Swelling page 89 num 1 page 49 num 6. T Teeth kept white part 2 page 65 num 17 page 74 num 22 Teeth fastned page 33 num 28. Thorne drawed out part 2 page 17 num 16 page 34 num 30 page 10 num 9. Throate sore cured part ibidem page 89 num 3. Temperaments what part 1 page 7. Tetter healed part 2 page 105 num 4. Toothach helped part ibidem page 69 num 5 page 79 num 35 page 97 num 7. Tumours to suppurate part ibidem page 91 num 9. V Venery excited part 2 page 44 num 55 page 40. Venome drunke expelled part ibidem page 34 num 30. Vertigo cured part ibidem page 22 num 14. Vitall spirtis comforted part ibidem page 79 num 35. Virtues of hearts to know in all seasons part ibidem page 137 num 19. Vomiting stayed part ibidem page 169 num 46 page 41 num 49 page 33 num 28 page 42 num 51 page 118 num 19. A Vomit part 2 page 173 num 61. Vlcers cured part ibidem page 38 num 42 page 31 num 21 page 47 num 1 2 page 54 num 18 page 57 num 25 page 58 num 26 page 61 num 1 page 68 num 2 page 80 num 37 page 86 num 58 page 13 num 17. Vnguents to make Aureum Enulatum part 2 page 7 Populeon Apostolorum page 8 Album Vulpinum page 9 of St. Cosme and Damian page 10 de Calcantho page 13 Aleblastrum page 16 Flos Vnguentorum page 17. Vrine provoked part ibidem page 41 num 47 page 37 num 36 p. 23 num 16 page 42 n. 51 page 44 num 56 page 45 num 58 page 90 num 5 6 7 page 110 num 2. Vvula helped Part 2 Page 49 num 6. W Water pretious part 2 page 74 num 22. For those that cannot hold their Water ibidem page 166 num 34. Waters to make part ibidem page 68 Aqua mirabilis page 75 rysell page 77 Doctor Stevens his aqua composita page 79 Hydromell page 82 of copperas page 83 Aqua coelestis page 86. Webs in the eies cured part ibidem page 16 num 24. Weights and measures part 1 page 85. Wild fire cured part 2 page 164 num 25. Winde in guts and stomacke expelled part 2 page 44 num 55 56 page 45 num 58 page 20 num 7 9 page 40 page 168 num 41 page 90 num 5 page 120 num 20. Wombe windy part ibidem page 42 num 50. Hard Words expounded part 1 page 87. Worms killed part 2 page 42 num 52 page 43 num 53 page 45 num 60 page 19 num 4 page 79 num 35 page 41 num 49. Old Wounds cured part ibidem page 17 num 16 page 42 num 51 page 46 num 63 64 page 49 num 6 page 52 num 16 page 51 num 10 page 56 num 21 22 page 59 num 29 page 59 num 31 page 61 num 2 page 25 num 20 page 27 num 21 page 33 num 28 page 35 num 31 page 86 num 58 page 94 num 1 page 95 num 4 page 66 num 5 page 97 num 6. Wounds made by gunshot part ibidem page 27 num 17. Y Yard ulcerated cured part 2 page 69 num 3. Youth preserved part ibidem page 75 num 23 page 79 num 35. FINIS READER My absence from the Presse hath caused some faults which I shall desire thee to correct as followeth In the first Part. PAge 4. line 30. for were read are p. 6. 15. and still round as c. p. 8. 16. it p. 10. 3. and this is the age c. p. 14. 18. fronkles p. 22. 13. and from it the bloud c. p. 25 16. two p. ibid. 17. for gale gall p. 30. 29. for itth it p. 42. 6. meninx p. ibid. 31. glandulous p. 43. 3. heat p. 45. 20. splenica p. ibid 21. mesenterica p. 51. 29. digestive p. 60. 22. for nerves nearnes p. 64. 19. for cold could p. 70. 16 are most necessary c. p. 74. 6. for uceters ureters p. 75. 17. for phlegme phlegmone p. 79. 22. for fift first p. 81. 16. saphaena In the second Part. PAge 54. 6. and wheate bran as much as shall suffice and frie it altogether and make a plaister and lay it warme c. p. 95. 21. for oile all p. 140. 20. for skin scum p. 143. 6. quiddinie p. 147. in the last title artichocke p. 149. 21. brasile powdered p. 159. 14 chicken both p. 171. 14 for put pat p. ibid. 16. and it will take c.