Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	blood_n	humour_n	part_n	2,755	5	4.7026	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62501	Pyretologia, a rational account of the cause & cure of agues with their signes diagnostick & prognostick. Also some specifick medicines prescribed for the cure of all sorts of agues; with an account of a successful method of the authors for the cure of the most tedious and dangerous quartans. Likewise some observations of cures performed by the aforesaid method. Whereunto is added a short account of the cause and cure of feavers, and the griping in the guts, agreeable to nature's rules and method of healing. Authore Rto Talbor pyretiatro.	Talbor, Robert, Sir, 1642-1681.	1672 (1672)	Wing T112; ESTC R200596	26,777	96

strained through the Parenchyma doth leave behind it some salt and earthy parts which after they have suffered some alteration by their attrition and justling in the several passages through the cells cavities and Pores of the Parenchyma are by fresh blood which perpetually flowes thither by continual circulation carried back through the veins into the mass of blood in which they serve for a most useful ferment by which the blood becomes rarified and is made more brisk and lively fit to circulate for the better supply of the parts 2. Of the use and office of the Stomach In the next place Physiophilus I shall show you the use and office of its compeer the Stomach The office of the Stomach is to prepare Chyle of which by several alterations by several ferments is made that vital juice the blood the manner of which is as followeth Food being conveyed into the Stomach is by virtue of a ferment or menstruum inherent in that part reduced into a whitish chyle subacid from whence when it hath attained Natures ends it is emitted by the passage of the Pylorus into the Intestins where it suffers another alteration by a bitter ferment in those parts the more pure part of which is sucked up by the lacteous vessels implanted in the mesentery and the grosser parts discharged by the intestins In these lacteous vessels runs the Chyle through the Pancreas into the Vena cava by means of which it is conveyed into the right ventricle of the heart and by motion of that Engine by the pulmonary Arteries is flung into the Lungs out of which having there separated some crude and phlegmatick Excrements it hasts through the pulmonary Veins to the left ventricle of the Heart out of which it is sent by the aorta into all the parts of the body CAP. II. A discourse of the cause of Intermitting Feavers or Agues I Know Physiophilus it will be expected by this curious Age that I should be as happy in finding out the cause as I have been successful in finding out the cure of this supposed unknown and uncurable disease a Quartan Ague which that I may not seem altogether Irrational and Empirical I shall here endeavour to give the world my opinion of the seat and cause of Agues which I shall not confidently assert as some have their dreams and conjectures but only propose and submit it to the more mature judgments of the learned and judicious and if any nice Critick shall take the pains to contradict it I shall return him no other Answer than that of Martial Carpere vel noli nostra vel ede tua The principal seat of Agues is the Spleen which being deficient the blood wanting its ferment is obstructed in its circulation and likewise the ferment of the stomach wanting a supply from this part is depraved so that Concoction not being well performed tough viscous humours are generated which with the Chyle conveyed into the mass of blood do at certain periods when they arrive at the heart disturb that noble part by obstructing the passage of the chyle or blood upon which violence offered to Natures chief Fortress a trepidation of the whole microcosme doth ensue which lasts so long till by the impulse of the blood or chyle following it it is at last forced through No sooner doth the blood find a free passage having been for some time dammed up but it flows more violently as when a Sluyce is opened in a Mill or other current of water from which violent motion an ebullition of the blood doth ensue which causeth the hot Fit The Ebullition being ended and the blood running again in its ordinary course Nature relieves her self by Transpiration resettling the blood disturbed by the commotion of the late Fit Then doth the Patient continue well till the morbifick matter come round again continually recruiting it self with fresh supplies from the imperfect digested chyle till that cause be taken away either by nature alone by recovering strength and vigour or by help of proper Medicines assisting her against so subtil and potent an enemy The distances of the Fits some being once in 24 hours as Quotidians others once in 48 hours as Tertians and some but once in 72 hours as Quartans are from the levity or ponderosity of the materia morbifica whether Phlegme Choler or Melancholly The heavier body moving more sluggishly in the sanguinary Channel than that which is lighter as we see in a current of water a piece of Firre shall move swifter than a piece of Oak or heavier wood and a Paper or Feather swifter than the Firre The length or shortness of the Fits are from the quantity of the matter more or less Double Tertian double and treble Quartans are occasioned by a quick supply of the morbifick matter so that there may be two or three several masses of the morbifick matter in the veins which arrive at the heart by succession But since the most plausible reasons unless backt by some demonstrable experiments seem but suppositions or conjectures I shall instance one common experiment used for the cure of Agues which though it doth not certainly cure yet it always delays the fit and that is strong ligature to the pulse which by retarding the circulation of the blood doth likewise hinder the coming of the morbifick matter to the heart and it may accidentally cure as some times it is known to do by retaining the morbifick matter if it be on that side the ligature that it must pass under it before it arrive to the heart where by the continual impulse of the blood the morbifick matter may be so dissipated and disunited that it may never unite again I have observed where it hath cured the part hath been extraordinarily swelled and they endure a great deal of pain and once a Gangrene happened upon this ligature Another confirmation of the cause of Agues being from tough viscous humours is that which the country people in Essex and other parts call an Ague-cake I have observed these in four Patients two were cast out of the stomach by nature and the other two by Emetick medicines One of them was like a clotted piece of phlegme about the bigness of a Wallnut pliable like Glue or Wax weighing about half an ounce another about the bigness of the yolk of a Pullets Egge and like it in colour but stiffer weighing about five drachmes the other two of a dark colour more tough about the like bigness and heavier It is a general observation amongst them that their Ague comes away when they see those Ague-cakes In those before mentioned it was verified and I have reason to believe it since the observation hath been confirmed by so many experiments CAP. III. Of the Diagnostick Signs of Intermitting Fevers or Agues THe signs of Intermitting Fevers in general are these They suddenly invade the Patient with a trembling or shaking and vomiting or at least some provocation thereto and sometimes they have convulsive motions in

hands reer'd and finished but since polished and refined by the more curious wits but less industrious persons of our latter ages but were they more industrious and less witty this conjectural art of Physick would become more certain by the help of observations and experimental demonstration The art of Physick began originally either from accidental Experiment or Observations taken from the irrational Creatures as Birds Beasts and Fishes which being led by some instinct of Nature to convenient remedies for the cure of their proper Maladies have furnished Man with many wholesome remedies and medicaments Thus the virtue of Celandine in the effects of the eyes was learnt from the Swallow who hath been often observed to squeese the juice of that herb with her bill upon the blind eyes of her young by which means they gain their sight It is observed of the Dear in Candy and those parts that being wounded with a poysonous Arrow they repair immediately to Dittany an herb that grows plentifully in those Countries which by an Alexipharmick virtue expels both Arrow and Poyson According to Virgil Plutarch Pliny and others Naturalists Dictamnum genetrix Cretea carpit ab Ida Puberibus Caulem foliis flore Comantem Purpureo non illa feris incognita capris Gramina cum tergo volucres haesere sagittae Virg. Aeneid Thus englished by Mr. George Sandys With her white hand she crops from Cretan Ide The fresh-leav'd stalk with flower in Purple dy'd A soveraign herb well known to fearful Deer Whose trembling sides the winged Arrows bear The Egyptian Ibes was the Inventor of Glysters a Bird not much unlike the Stork and a great Enemy to Serpents who filling his beak with salt water and spouting it up into his guts when he was hard bound taught the world the convenience of provoking a stool that way Letting Blood we learnt from the Sea-horse in Nilus who finding himself oppressed with too much blood doth at such times come to the shore side and with a sharp reed or thorne pricks his leg then stands and bleeds some time and afterwards dips his leg in the mud which stops the bleeding and heals the wound I could insert a great many more observations from Naturalists but these are sufficient To these we must joyn that ancient custom of bringing the sick into their publick market towns where they were lodged in convenient places such as our Hospitals there being placed one or more Overseers who were sworn to take care of the sick and administer such medicines as should be prescribed by such as came to visit the sick all persons being obliged to view the sick before they acted in their own affairs who did commonly give an account to the Overseers whether they at any time had been afflicted with any of those diseases the sick laboured under and if they had by what means and remedies they were relieved and recovered which remedies were administred to the sick and if they had good success they were recorded with a Probatum By this way they in time came to have a stock of approved remedies for all known diseases and thus was the foundation of Physick laid and these Overseers took upon them the name of Empiricks or experienced men and such a one was Archagathus the first Physician we read of who was called from Peloponnesus to Rome and for his skill in healing was made a Freeman of that famous City Then our Empiricks or Protomedicks began curiously and with much industry to observe the precedent signs of a disease and the several symptomes in the beginning state and declination of every distemper and by these observations they framed their Diagnosticks and Prognosticks by which they could foresee a disease and tell the event of it With this knowledge only our Protomedicks were satisfied viz. to know a distemper and to foretel its event as whether long or short sharp or mild terminate in life or death and to know how to cure it by approved Medicines delivered them by their predecessors not troubling themselves with that which we call the rational part of Physick as to give reasons for the causes of Diseases the operation of Medicines and several such niceties which after ages dived into Then started up a second sort of Medicks which called themselves Methodists these did a little smooth and plain the former rough cast structure of the Empiricks by reducing the several diseases to general heads as to the eight principal parts viz. the head heart lungs stomach liver spleen reins womb and appropriating Medicines and Herbs to the several parts calling them Cephalicks Cordials Pectorals Stomachical Hepaticks Spleneticks Nephriticks Hystericks and to these they added Arthritick Medicines appropriated to the joynts Thus far the Methodist Then came the Dogmatists and they undertook to dive into the causes of Diseases and the reason of the various Operations of Medicines and having framed this Hypothesis of the four humours they made the Plethora or Cacochymy of those humours in the various parts of the body to cause the several diseases But for the reasons of the operation of Medicines upon these humours and their appropriation to such parts of the body they were absurd and ridiculous as because they did assimilate the form or colour of the part and humours therefore they must operate upon that part or humour they did resemble This they rendred the reason why Eye-bright was specifical to heal the distempers of the Eyes because its flower they say resembles a Birds eye elder Mushromes or Jewes Ears good against the swelling of the Glandules of the Ears Lung-wort for the Lungs Beans for the Reins and Testicles from the similitude they have to those parts so Rheubarb to purge Choller Agarick Phlegme black Hellebore Melancholly because they are of that colour they suppose the humours to be of But what rational man would be satisfied with such reasons Were it not better to tell a Patient these have been approved Medicines in those cases confirmed by the experience of many ages Others in our latter dayes styling themselves rational Physicians have rendred more plausible reasons being grounded upon Experimental Philosophy these by anatomizing the parts of Plants and Minerals know the natures of them as also the effects and constitutions of the whole body or parts not only by ordinary dissection but by a spagyrical examination and separation of those parts and the reasons grounded upon these tryals make a greater impression on our belief because they are demonstrable by some analogous Experiments Thus have I shown you Physiophilus the progress of Physick through the several ages to this present time I shall now treat something of the present state of the Practice of Physick as it stands divided between the Learned Rational Physician and the Illiterate Modern Empirick the one hath Law and Reason to warrant his Practice the other only success the one in his Practice is guided more by reason than experience the other not so much by reason as experience

the urine of healthy persons but sometimes thick with a red sediment if the disease run high Phrensie Convulsions Madness happens Spots Pustules Blains Buboes Carbuncles c. break forth Of the signs Prognostick in Malignant Fevers These Distempers generally afflict the people about the Autumn and Winter more than the Spring and Summer they last according to the nature of the disease and strength of the Patient four seven twenty one or forty two dayes The dangerous symptoms in these diseases are unquiet sleeps the Patient not relieved by them madness imbecillity of the retentive faculties a creeping low and irregular Pulse black and turbid Urine Convulsions Epilepsies c. otherwise if the Patient is relieved by sleeps hath a regular pulse good Crises happen moderate sweats and the Patient appearing refreshed after them signs of concoction in the Urine c. the Patient is in no danger SECT IV. A discourse of the cause of Fevers YOu know Physiophilus such is the humour of this present age that they are not contented with those accounts of Fevers the Antients thought rational but must have some new well-tuned Hypotheses to please their humours that I may not be thought altogether Empirical I will follow the steps of some of our modern ingenious Physicians and run with them in their rational accounts of Fevers which being pleasant and coherent do gratifie our humours and delight our curious fancies But I must beg their pardon if I leave them sometimes in the method of curing and follow the experienced and well-troden paths of the Ancients The Hypothesis granted that Blood and Wine are analogous and observe the same rules and method in casting out extraneous bodies the cause of Fevers will be thus understood when either from the defects of the Duumvirate i. e. the Stomach and Spleen change of Air or Diet whereby the habit of the body is altered violent Passions retention of Excrements and the like an imperfect and ill-digested chyme is prepared and conveyed into the mass of blood which being not fit for mixture and assimilation is resected and cast forth as an Heterogenous matter From hence is caused a commotion or hermentation of the whole mass of blood which last so long till the extranious matter be cast out either by the Pores of the skin Ureters Intestins or other emunctories The Experiment may be proved in Wine into which if you put any Heterogeneous matter as a drop of a Candle Sugar or any Liquors it will immediately ferment which will not cease till the extraneous matter be thrown out or separated from the Wine and lodged at the bottom of the Vessel and the whole body of the Wine remain pure and clear Thus we see persons after excess in eating or drinking fall into Fevers the ferment of the stomach being diluted and depraved by such excess and the parts designed for conveyance of chyle or nutriment are obstructed so that an unsuteable chyme is sent to the Veins which the blood cannot admit of So likewise we may observe from such persons as have fed upon ill diet a long time as at Sea or in Captivity the body at length hath been accustomed to it but when such have returned home and came to feed upon good and wholsom food they have oftentimes fallen into very high Fevers the reason of it may be this The parts of the body designed for concoction were not acquainted with such food and through depravity could not digest them sufficiently or if this food were digested into good Chyme yet when it came into the veins the blood could not admit of its mixture and assimilation because it is of a contrary nature to that which was produced from the former ill diet When this Chyme from some ill food or bad air hath contracted a poysonous nature the blood touched with this venomous Miasme is either too much fused from whence follows a greater ebullition in the mass of blood by which the vital spirits are wasted and dispersed or sometimes the blood is coagulated by which its circulation is hindred and a stagnation of that vital current follows as in the high malignant and Pestilential diseases SECT V. Of proper Diet to be observed in Fevers IN putrid Fevers in the beginning and state of the disease a thin diet is necessary as Water-grewel broth of Chicken Mace-Ale Barly-water with cooling and cordial Syrrups In the declination Mutton or Veal-broth or gravey of meat stued with a little Claret and a chive of Mace after the first Purge which is not to be administred till signs of concoction appear in the Urine Chicken boyled or roasted Mutton or Veal c. may be allowed For drink White-wine Posset-drink or small Beer with a fourth part of White-wine In Malignant the Diet must be thin but spirituous as clear Sack posset-drink Mace-ale broth of Chicken with Harts-horn and cordial Flowers boyled in it In the declination of the disease White-wine Cawdles gravy of Mutton stued with Claret a little Mace and Nutmeg then after purging Flesh may be permitted viz. such as is of easie digestion as Chicken young Rabits Lamb or Veal the drink during the encrease or state of the disease must be cordial Julips but afterward good fresh Beer with half Ale that is well boyled and neither too new or stale SECT VI. Of the method of curing putrid Fevers FIrst of all take care to clear the Stomach if you be consulted in time and nature will bear it Proper Vomits are these Oxymel scilliticum Oxymel simplex Infusio croci metallorum Sal vitrioli vel Gilla Theophrasti Then prescribe as a Julip this tincture of Roses viz. ℞ Florum Rosarum Rubr. ℥ j. Spir. vitrioliʒiv Aquae Fontanae liv infundantur in loco calido per horas sex postea coletur colaturae depuratae adde sacchari albissimi ℥ iij. Aquae Rosarum Damascenarum ℥ iv misce fiat tinctura de quâ bibat aeger ad libitum At other convenient times let the Patient take this Cordial ℞ Aquarum melissae cardui benedicti una ℥ iij. perlarum Corallii praeparat an ℈ j. syr acetositatis citri ℥ iss misce fiat Julapium pro quatuor dosibus If the Fever increase and violent symptoms appear as Delirium Phrensie c. apply blistering playsters to the Neck Arms and Anckles and Herrings or this following Cataplasme to the Feet ℞ Carnis Halecum ex muria ℥ iij. Radicis Brioniae ℥ j. fol. Rutae M. j. Salis nigriʒvj saponis nigri q. s fiat cataplasma plantis pedum applicandum After which Applications administer this following bolus ℞ Conservae Rosarum Rubr. vitriolat ʒj pulveris ex chelis cancrorum compositi ℈ j. laudani Londinensis gr j. misce fiat bolus Then administer other proper Cordials pro re nata till you observe a good crisis and signs of concoction in the Urine at which time observe Natures indications as which way she offers to drive out the morbifick matter whether still by