they are 146 H. Of the four Humors Blood Phlegmâ— Choler and Melancholy 74 Health twelve causes of it 76 Horse-Treacle how made 80 Halting where to find the Grief either before or behind 102 Horse-Spice how made If you intend to make use of it amend the fault for there is left out of it a quarter of a Pound of Anniseeds and a quarter of a pound of the Powder of Liquoris ib. Of Hoofs and the several Kinds of them viz. Brittle and rugged hoofr long hoofs crooked hoofs flat hoofs with broad Frushes hoofs with narrow heels from 104 to 106 Of paring the perfect hoof and fore-Feet 106 Of paring the imperfect hoof every one according to their Kind First of the broken hoof chap. 5 6. 106 Of paring the rough and brittle hoof ch 7. 108 Of Paring the long hoof ch 9. ib. Of paring the crooked hoof ch 11. 109 Of paring the flat hoof ch 13. ib. Of paring the over-hollow hoof ch 15. 110 Of paring the hoof that hath a broad Frush ch 17 ib. Of paring the hoof that hath a narrow heel ch 19. ib. Horse-Bread two sorts of it to keep him in heart and strength of Body c. 116 A horse to be made not to Neigh either in company or when he is ridden 120 Humors drove back that flow too fast to a Wound you have in Cure 140 Hair made smooth sleek and soft 153 Head perfumed see Perfumes To make a horse follow his Master and to challenge him amongst never so many People 154 Heam to expel which is the same as the after-Birth is in Women see General Simples good for it 150 K. Knitting Simples see Conglutinating things L. Lameness to Know where it lies either before or behind 102 Loosening things in general 143 M. The principal Members of a horse 70 Mash how made 97 Mithridate how made 80 Milk to cause general Simples good for it 148 N. Neesing powder Vide Perfumes for the Head O. Oyls 69 Oyl of Oats with the Virtues of it 130 Oyntments Salves Powders and Waters 132 and 133 Oyntments green to make 138 139 140 and 141 Old Horses made seemingly young 120 P. Planets their Names 73 Physicking Observations see for more of them in the second Part. 86 Purgations and their several Vses 96 Physicking a horse and how to Order him after he hath it 99 Pills of all sorts and Purgations 99 and 100 Pu refactives 116 Powders Cordial how to make 1 5 A Powder made of honey and Lyme that will dry up any Wound or Vlcer 131 Pills Purging 13â— Pills what they are for 146 Purgings or Scouring Simples in General 141 Portion what it is 146 A Plaister to dissolve and take away evil humours which shall at any time fall down into the Legs of a horse 135 Perfumes and Purgers of the head of all filthy and gross humours 137 and 138 Purgings of all sorts and they are five viz. by Portions by Glisters by Suppositories and by Grass 146 Certain Principles concerning Simples 140 Prices of Drugs see for them between the two Parts R. Rubarb its Nature 94 Raking of a horse 87 Roots 69 Rowling of Horses and of the Vse thereof 11â— 118 and 119 Riding who first Invented it 121 S. Shapes of a horse at large 67 Simples with Notes in general upon them 69 Sinews of a horse their Number 70 Signes of the Zodiack and Government of them 73 Sickness dangerous how it cometh 7â— Sickness accidental 73 Sickness Cured when it cometh and to prevent it before it comes ib. Of Sickness in General and of the Signes from whence it proceeds 81 and 86 Sorrances what they are in general and Observations in the Cure of them 88 Simples how mixed 87 Swellings hard and soft and how you are to use them in the Cure of them 89 Of Sores 90 Suppositories the several sorts of them from 94 to 96 Scourings what they are 97 Scourings by Grass by Sorrage by Sallow and Elm by Thistles by Malt 98 Scouring of a little stronger Nature ib. Of Shooing and paring all manner of Hoofs and in what Point the Art of it doth consist 104 Shooing the perfect Hoofs and four Feet and how the Shoo Paring and Nail should be made 106 Of Shooing the rough and brittle hoof 108 Of Shooing the long Hoof 109 Of Shooing the crooked Hoof ib. Of Shooing the flat Hoof ib. Of Shooing the over-hollow Hoof. 110 Of Shooing the Hoof that hath the broad Frush ib. Of Shooing the Hoof that hath the narrow heel ib. Of Paring and shooing of the hinder Feet 111 Of shooing the Hoof that hath a false quarter ib. Of shooing and paring the Hoof that is hoof-bound 112 Of making of planch-shooes ib. Of paring and shooing for Enterfering 111 Shooes with Calkins Rings Welts and turning Vices and of the patten shoo 112 and 113 Stars white and black and how to make them 120 and 154 Suppository what it is 146 A Suppository for inward Sickness 127 Salves Unguents powders and Waters 132 and 133 Scouring and purging things in general 141 Particular Scourings of all sorts for Running Horses whose Grease must necessarily be Molten as also for a fat Horse 142 and 143 Sores and Ulcers of all sorts to wash general Simples good for them 148 Swellings and Risings in the Skin hard or soft general Simples good to take them away 149 Simples and their certain Principles ib. Sweat to cause general Simples good for it 150 Sores and Ulcers of all sorts to Cure Simples good in general for them 152 A stubborn Horse to be made go 154 T. To Trim an unruly horse 154 V. Of the Vital Blood 71 Veins their Number that you are to take Blood from ib. Veins opened for what use ib. Veins taken up 90 Veins for what cause they are taken up 116 Of Vomits 134 Wounds clensed old or new before you dress them 141 Wind to Expel Simples that are good for it in general 150 Venomous Beasts of all sorts to Cure General Simples good for them 151 ERRORS that hath Escaped the Press in the First Part of the Experienced FARRIER PAGE 6. line 28. for Clod reade Clot. p. 21. l. 38. f. liâ—ter up Horse r. litter up your Horse p. 44. l. 17. f. streight r. start p. 52. l. 30. f. Horse r. Hose p. 59. l. 7. f. oâ—g r. long p. 62. l. 33. f. Melander r. Malender p. 72. l. 13. f. Crow-scab r. Crown-scab p. 75. l. 19. f. Myly Mouth r. Mayly Mouth p 77. l. 32 f. heat r. heats p. 97. l. 29. f. small r. well p. â—00 l. 29. and 30. f. add them to r. add to them p. 102. In the Receipt how to make Horse-spice put into it A quarter of a pound of Liquoris powder and a quarter of a pound of Anniseeds which are left out of the Receipt p. 102. l. the last f. grie r. grief p. 114. l. 22. f. Chords r. Cords p. 120. l. 6. f. take of a little r. take a little p.
against these and many more Maladies and when they shall have made Trial they will not be of so prejudicate an opinion Of Roweling of Horses and of the use thereof The Roweling of Horses is so common amongst our simple Smiths that they will Rowel him for any disease almost without any sense or reason whereby they needlessly torment the Horse and bring a Flux of naughty humours down to the place which causes him to be Lame which might otherwise be sound But this I must say of it that if it be well used by a skilful Farrier it is not only commendable but causes great good to a Horses Body and Limbs Helps got by Roweling are these It separateth and dissolveth evil humours which are gathered together in any one place it loosneth those parts which are bound and bindeth those parts that are weakned it strengthneth sick Joynts and comforteth whatsoever is oppressed with any cold Phlegm The use of it in General is for inward strains especially about the Shoulders or Hips or else for great hard Swellings which will not be mollified or corroded by any outward Medicine Now if the Bruise be not taken away presently by applying to it some comfortable hot Medicine There will arise a certain Jelly between the Pot and the Bone which offendeth the tender Gristle which covers the ends of every Bone which makes the Horse halt most vehemently Now nothing will take this away but Roweling Now the manner of Roweling is this When you have sound out the certain place of his Grief after you have cast him upon some soft place make a little Slit a handful below the place grieved through the Skin no bigger then you can thrust in a Swans Quill into the same then raise the Skin a little from the Flesh with your Cronet and then put in your Quill and blow all the Skin from the Flesh upward even to the top and all over the Shoulder then stopping the Hole with your Finger and your Thumb beat the place blown all over with a Hazel stick and spread the wind with your hand into every place and so let it go then take some Horse-hair or some red Sarcenet half the bigness of a Mans little Finger and put it into your Roweling-Needle which should be at least seven or eight inches long thrust it in at the first Hole and put it upward drawing it out above at least six inches and if you please you may put in another above that and then Tie the two ends of the Rowls together and move and draw them to and fro in the Skin not forgetting before you put them in to anoint them with sweet Butter or Hogs Grease and every day after likewise for that will make the corruption run out the better Now there are other Farriers think that these long Rowels of Hair or Silk do make a double Sore and a great Scar therefore they make their Rowels of round Pieces of stiff Leather such as is on the upper part of an old Shoo with a round Hole in the midst according to the form in the Margent and then double it when they put it in and then spread it open and lay it flat between the Flesh and the Skin and that the Hole in the Rowel may be just against the Hole in the Horses Skin and once in two or three days to clense the Rowel and to anoint it with Hogs-Grease or Butter and so to put it in again Another French way of Roweling which is Reputed to be the best Way Cut open the Skin with your Incision Knife the length of an Inch or more downwards on the lowest part of the Horses Breast close to the Side that he is lame on then raise with your Finger or Cronet the Skin from the Flesh round about the Orifice about the bredth of a six pence which must be just the Size of the Rowel you put into it whether it be made of the upper Leather of an old Shoo or Horn of an old Lanthorn but the upper Leather of a Shoo is best The form of your Rowel must be in the shape of the Figure in the Margin with a little Hole in the middle of it wherein you must put a Needle and thread through it as you find by the two Pricks on the top and bottom of the Hole Then take a Quill and put it into the Hole and do as you were taught in the Receipt before viz. To blow and beat the wind upwards all over the Shoulder when you have blown it as much as you think fitting draw a Needle and Thread through the Rowel and Skin closing the Rowel in the Slit and let the Hole in the Rowel be right against the Slit you have cut so that it may not move Then run another stitch or two thwart the cut as you see the manner of it by the Figure in the Margin When you have stitcht it up anoint it all over with Butter or Hogs Grease and let the Rowel remain in for about a week or more before you take it out and he will do well Instructions upon Rowelling If you Rowel him for any Swelling then put in your long Rowel the same way that the Veins run and seldom or never cross-wise and the more you blow the Skin for a Swelling the better for the Wind is that that causeth Putrifaction and makes the festered Humours to dissolve and distil down from the secret hollows of the Joynts into those open places where it falleth away in Matter and so the Breast becomes cured How to Geld Horses or Colts You are to observe in the Gelding of Horses First the Age Secondly the Season of the Year And lastly the state of the Moon For the Age if it be a Colt you may Geld him at nine days old or Fifteen if his Stones be come down for the sooner you Geld him the better for Growth Shape and Courage Now a Farrier may Geld a Horse at any Age whatsoever if he be careful in the Cure The Season of the Year to Geld in The best Season for Gelding is between April and May or in the beginning of June at the furthest or about the Fall of the Leaf which is the latter end of September The state of the Moon Now for the state of the Moon the fittest time is ever when the Moon is in the Wane as touching the manner of Gelding it is in this sort whether it be Foal Colt or Horse after you have cast him upon some soft place take the Stones between your fore-most Finger and your great Finger then slit the Cod and press the Stones forth then with a pair of small Nippers made either of Steel Box Wood or Brazil being very smooth and clap the strings of the Stones between them very near unto the setting on of the Stones and press them so hard that there may be no Flux of Blood then with a thin drawing Cauterizing Iron made red hot fear away the Stone then
beaten into fine powder mixed with a new laid Egg and given him in half a Pint of Malmsey and separate him from other Horses for this Disease is infectious Things good in General to Preserve the Liver and to open the Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen Amara dulcis Alheal Agrimony openeth and cleanseth the Liver water-Agrimony openeth the Obstructions of the Liver and mollifieth hardness of the Spleen Alexander or wild Parsley Angelica Asarabica the decoction of Avens the Bark or the Root of the Bay-Tree openeth the Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and other inward Diseases the Juice of the white Beet openeth them Wood-bittony Butchers broom or Knee-holly the leaves of Calamint Centaury Columbines Dandelion Liver-wort the leaves or Bark of the Maple-Tree Pimpernel Ground-pine or Chamepitys Agaricum Almonds Fumitory Chamomel Wormwood Licoras Anniseeds Smallage Parsley Spikenard Gentian Succory Endive and Lupine all these are very comfortable for the Liver and are to be Seethed in Water that he drinketh Alloes dissolved Ireos stamped â—avoury Lungwort or Oyl and Wine mixt together but the best of all is a Wolfes Liver dried and beaten to powder and given him in Beer or strowed amongst his Provender or Parsley and Harts-horn or Fennel and Parsley-roots scraped or boiled in Water and given him with Licoras and Sorrel or â—ollipodium of the Oak beaten to powder and strowed amongst his Provender or take Hysop Cowslip-leaves Silver-wort or Lung-wort alias Mullen Harts-horn of each a handful then take Gentian Aristolochia rotunda Fennegreek Enula compana dried and long Pepper of each alike and when they are all powdred and searced take a spoonful of all of them chop the Herbs and mingle them with this powder and put a spoonful of live Honey to it and boyl all of them in strong Ale till half of them be consumed and give it him Blood-warm Groundsel preserveth it greatly Of the Infirmities in General of the Hoofs as false Quarters loose Hoofs casting of the Hoofs Hoof-bound Hoof-running Hoof-brittle Hoof-hurt Hoof-soft Hoof-hard and generally to Preserve Hoofs False Quarters To take off the Shooe and to take away so much of the Hoof on that side the Sorrance is that when the Shooe is set on again the Chink may be wholly uncovered then open the Chink to the Quick with your Drawing-Iron and fill up your Rift with a Rowl of Hurds dipt in this Ointment Take Turpentine Wax and Sheeps Sewet of each alike melted together and dip your Hurds therein and stop the Rift therewith renewing it once a day till it be whole and thus the Rift being closed on the top with this Ointment draweth the place betwixt the Hoof and the Hair with a hot Iron overthwart that place which will make it grow and shoot downwards and Ride him with no other Shoo till his Foot be hardned and become â—ound What is good to Cure a loose Hoof. If the Hoof be loose let it be of what cause soever you are first to open it in the sole of the Foot so as the Humour may have free passage downwards and put a restrictive Charge about it as you have some in my First Part then to heal it up with Turpentine and Hogs-Grease melted together Or take three spoonfuls of Tarr and a quarter of a pound of Rosin and half a Handful of Tansie and half a Handful of Rue and half a Handful of red Mints and half Handful of Southernwood brayed altogether in a Mortar and add to it half a pound of Butter and a Penniworth of Virgins Wax and melt them on the Fire till it come to be a thick Salve then spread it upon a Cloth and lay it to it seven days together till it be whole Or to anoint it with Burgundy-pitch and it will fasten it Or take Bittony Rosemary Rue Bolearmoniack and Frankincense boiled together and laid over it oâ— to take Tar Brimstone in fine powder Wheat-Bran and the Urine of a Man-Child boyled all to a Poultess and apply it hot to the Hoof and it will fasten it or to stop it with the Brains of a Pig or to stop it with Flax dipt in the Whites of Eggs or wash it with Vineger and â—ill it with Tartar and Salt and then anoint it with Olibanum Mastick and Pitch of Greece of each alike and a little Sanguis Draconis new Wax and Sheeps Suet and melt it together and anoint it with it and if the new Hoof come cut away the old Of Casting the Hoof. Take Aqua fortis the strongest you can get and first with a Rape or Drawing-Iron File or draw away the old Hoof somewhat near then touch the Hoof so prepared with your Aqua fortis three or four several dressings and no more then anoint the Foot with the Unguent for Horses Feet viz. take Hogs-Grease three pounds Patch Grease two pounds Venice-Turpentine one pound new Wax half a pound Sallet Oyl one pound melt and mix all these upon the Fire and anoint the Coffin of the Hoof up to the top and this will bring a new Hoof. Another Take Turpentine half a pound Tar half a Pint new Wax half a pound Sallet Oyl one Pint melt all these except the Turpentine together till they be well mixed and a little before you take it from the Fire put in your Turpentine and stir it till it be cold but before hand make him a Buskin of Leather with a thick Sole made fit for his Hoof but wide enough that it may be Tied about his Pastern and dress his Hoof with this Medicine laying Tow or Hurds upon it and so put on the said Buskin and fasten it to the Pastern Joynt or a little above but so as the Buskin do not trouble the Foot renewing the Medicine every day till it be whole and is good likewise for a Hoof-bound Horse and as the Hoof beginneth to come and if you find it grow harder and thicker in one place then another or crumbleth or groweth out of fashion take your Rape and File it into good fashion again and when you finde it so well that you may turn him out put him into some moist Pasture or Medow which will cause the Hoof to become tough Of the Hoof-bound First pluck off the Shooes and shoo him up again with Half-Moon and Lunet-shooes then ease with your drawing Iron or Rape the quarters of the Hoofs on both sides of the Feet from the Cronet down to the end or bottom of the Hoofs so deep till you perceive as it were a dew to come forth and if you make two Rases it will be the better and enlarge the Hoofs the more that done anoint the Hoofs next to the hair about the Cronet with this Ointment Take of Turpentine one pound of Wax and of Sheep or Deers Sewet of each half a pound of Tarr and of Sallet Oyl of each half a Pint melt all but the Turpentine together and when you are ready to take it up put in your Turpentine and stir it
is the least of all Weights M. A handful P. A Pugil p. A. part A. Of each alike Note that Twenty Graines Make A Scruple Three Scruples Make A Dram Eight Drams Make An Ounce Twelve Ounces Make A pound FINIS A TABLE Alphabetically set down shewing where the Diseases of a Horse do Grow either inward or outward in any Part of his Body and how you may Know them and what were the Causes that Bred them The Pages Direct You to their Cuâ—es which are found only in the Second Part. A. ACcloyed or Cloyed is no other then Prickt with a Nail in the Shooing vide Prickt page 396 Arristes vide Rat-tails 377 St. Anthonies Fire is a vehement burning disease in the Flesh and is of the Nature of Noli me tangere or Wilde Fire and is named of some The Singles of an horse which is very hard and difficult to Cure 233 and 234 Anticor or Heart-sickness is caused many times by too much seeding without exercise and sometimes by hard and immoderate Riding and careless looking after him afterwards which makes the Blood of this useful Creature a Horse so corrupted and inflamed that unless it find some way to vent it self forth it soon puts a Period and End to his Life This Disease hath its Seat and Residence near the Heart and is known by a Swelling in the middle of his Breast against the Heart from whence it derives its Name 234 Attaint upper is a Swelling of the Master or Back-Sâ—new of the Fore-legs near the Pastorn-Joynt and cometh ordinarily by an Over-reach 235 Attaint Nether is the same with the other coming sometimes by a Wrench and sometimes by a strain All the difference of them is whereas the other is upon the Foot-lock Joynts this is under it and is usually upon the Heel or Frush and is not always visible to the Eye but it may be felt by the heat and burning of it and by its softness which will arise by a Swelling like a Bladder or Blister wherein will be corrupt and vitious matter like to Jelly which will make him complain very much ib. Anbury is a kind of Wenâ— or spungy Wart growing upon any part of a horses Body 279 Apoplexie vide Palsey Ach or Numbness in the Joynts cometh by Cold taken by hard and violent exercise or labour 232 Avives Vives or Fiveâ— see Vives B. Bloody Flux vide Flux bloody 310 Back-swayed vide Swaying in the back Barbes are a common Disease and few horses are without them they are known by two Paps under his Tongue which seldom prove hurtful to him till they be inflamed with corrupt blood proceeding from vitious humours which wilâ— make them raw and grow beyond their usual length and cause them to become very painful to him which will hinder his feeding You must clip them away with the Scissers 301 Blood-spaven is a soft Swelling which groweth through the Hough and is commonly full of blood and is biggest upon the inside and being fed by the Master-Vein makes it greater then the swelling on the outside It runneth down the inside of the Hough down the Leg to the Pastorn This Disease is occasioned from the corruption of the Blood taken by hard Riding when the Horse is young and tender which by overmuch heating makes it so thin and flexible that the humour falling downwards resideth in the Hough which makes the Joynts stiff and causeth him to go with great pain and difficulty This Disease not growing hard makes it more easie to Cure then the Bone-spaven 260 Bone-spaven is a great Crust as hard as a bone if it be let run too long it sticketh or rather groweth on the inside of the Hough under the Joynt near to the great Vein which maketh him to Halt very much it cometh at first like a tender Gristle which by degrees cometh to this hardness It is bred several Ways either by immoderate Riding or hard labour which dissolves the Blood into thin humours and falleth down and maketh its residence in the Hough which causeth the place to swell and so becometh a hard Bone which occasions this name of Bone-spaven it cometh also hereditary from the Sire or Dam which are troubled with the same dâ—sease 261 Blood-running Itch cometh by the Inflammation of the Blood being over-heat by hard Riding or other sore labour It getteth between the skin and the flesh and maketh a Horse to rub scrub and bite himself which if let alone too long will come to a grievous Mange and is very infectious to any Horse that shall be nigh him What cureth the Mange cureth this disease 369 Bots and Wormes in general are of three sorts viz. Bots Trunchions and Maw-wormes Bots are usually found in the great Gut near the Fundament Trunchions are found in the Maw and if they continue there too long they will eat their Passage through which will certainly bring death if not killed The third sort are called plain Wormes which remain in a Horses Body which are of an evil effect also Bots are a small worm with great heads and small tails breeding in the great Gut adjoyning to the Fundament which may be taken away by your hands by picking them away from the Gut where they stick Trunchions are short and thick and have black and hard heads and must be removed by Medicine Maw-wormes are of a reddish colour somewhat long and slender much like unto Earth-wormes about the length of a Mans Finger which also must be taken away by Medicine They proceed all from one cause which is raw gross and phlegmatick matter engendred from foul feeding which causeth all these three sorts of evil creatures to breed The Signes to know when he is troubled with them is He will stamp with his feet kick at his Belly turn his Head towards his tail forsake his meat He will groan tumble wallow and also frisk his tail to and fro 303 Bunches Knots Warts and Wens come somtime by eating of foul meat by bruises by hard riding and sore labor wherby the blood becomes so putrified and foul that it turns into evil humors which occasions these kind of sorrances 278 Blood-shotten Eyes or all diseases of the Eyes come of two causes viz. either inward or outward The inward Causes proceed from evil Humors that resort and flow to the Eyes or by some stroke or blow that is given him thereon 290 to 291 Bleeding at Nose cometh commonly among young horses proceeding from great store of blood or by means that the Vein ending in that place is either opened broken or fretted It is opened many times by reason that the Blood aboundeth too much or that it is too fine or too subtil and so pierceth through the Veins Or it may be broken by some violent strain cut or blow Or it may be fretted or gnawn asunder by sharpness of the blood or by some other evil humours contained therein 306 Botch in the Groyn cometh by reason that a horse being full of humours and
ib. Retiring ib. Of bitting 28 Of streight turnes and turnings ib. The first streight tnrn ib. The other streight turn 29 How to help an ill Rein and Cure a Run-away Jade 30 The help ib. Another for unconstant Carriage ib. The Office of the Feeder The Introduction to the Work touching the time limited for a hunting horse 31 Their Reasons ib. Long time inconvenient ib. The first Ordering of the Running Horse according to the several Estates of their Bodies 34 To have an Eye to the particular Estate of a horses Body ib. The first Fortnights feeding of a horse for a Match that is fat foul or either newly taken from Grass or Soil 35 His feet stopped with Cow-dung ib. Four Considerations in giving of Heats 37 The second Fortnights feeding 38 The first read ib. The Vse of the Muzzel ib. The first Scouring 40 Ordering of him after his Scouring ib. The third Fortnights feeding 41 The second Bread ib. The fourth last Fortnights feeding 42 The last and best Bread ib. Certain Observations and Advantages for every Feeder to observe in sundry Accidents 44 Of Meat and Drink ib. Observations for Lameness 45 Observations from the estate of his Body ib From his Inclinations ib. From his outward handling ib. From his privy Parts 46 For his Limbs ib. For Water ib. Observations from the Ground to run on ib. Observations from Sweat 47 Observations from the hair ib. The Office of the AMBLER Observations in Ambling 47 Mens Opinions and Errors 48 Ambling by the Ploughed Field ib. Ambling by the Gallop ib. Ambling by Weights ib. Ambling in Hand or not Ridden 49 Ambling by the help of Schooes ib. Ambling by the help of fine Lists ib. Ambling by the Hand only 50 Ambling by the Tramel ib Errors in the Tramel ib. The best Way to Amble a horse 51 The form of the Tramel 52 The true use of the true Tramel 53 VVhen to alter the Tramel ib. VVhen to Mount his Back 54 VVhen to Journey ib. The Office of the BUYER wherein is shewed all the Perfections and Imperfections that are or can be in a Horse 55 Observations and Advertisements for any Man when he goes about to buy a horse ib. The End for which to buy ib. Election how divided 56 The General Rule ib. Of Breed ib. Of Colour ib. Of Pace or Trotting ib. Ambling 59 Racking ib. Galloping ib. Stature 60 The particular Rule ib. How to stand to view his Shapes viz. His Eares his Face his Eyes his Cheeks and Chaps his Nostrils and Muzzle his Teeth his Breast his fore-Yhighs his Knees his Legs his Pasterns his Hoofs the setting on of his Head his Crest and Mane his Back Ribs Fillets Belly and Stones his Buttocks his hinder-Yhighs his Cambrels his hinder Legs and his Tail c. from p. 60. to p. 67 An uncontroulable Way to know the Age of a Horse viz. By his Teeth Mouth Hoofs Tail Eyes Skin Hair and Barrs of his Mouth from p. 65 to 67 The perfect shape of a horse altogether ib. Rules to be observed of putting a horse to Grass and taking him up again 68 Of Cleansing and making a horse clean 69 General Notes concerning some Simples ib. Of Syrups Pills Powders Electuaries and Ointments ib. Of Oyls Roots Herbs Seeds Rind or Bark 69 70 A TABLE of the Office of the Farrier Alphabetically set down p. 70. A Accopium a Drink with the Virtues and Nature of it 123 and 124 Atman a Confection with the Virtues of it 125 B. Baths of all sorts 135 to 137 Bonâ—s how many a horse hath and where scituated 72 Blooding a horse when the best time 73 Blood-letting with Observations upon it 87 Of Burning 88 Burning Actual and Potential 90 Bread made for a horse to keep him in heart and strength of Body and to keep him from faintness in his Labour and Exercise be it never so sore 116 Bread to make another sort ib. Bangle-Eares how to help 121 Balls Cordial to Cure any violent Cold Glanders which prevents Heart-sickness which Purgeth away all Molten-Grease which recovers a Lost Stomach and makes a Lean horse fat suddenly ib. Blood cleansed general Simples good for it 149 Bewitched general Simples good for it 151 C. Complexion â—f a horse which is the most necessary Faces that a Farrier can Judge of his Infirmities by 74 Corrasives 89. 115 and 145 Cauterizing 89 and 90 Cauterizing in what cause 114 Cautery Potential 115 and 145 A Caustick 115 and 145 Cordial Powders to make 125 Charges of several sorts 131 and 132 Copperas water 139 Congluâ—inating Simples 146 Clensers of the Blood Simples good for it in general vide Blood clensed Cordials and Strengthners of Nature See for Simples that are good in general for it 151 To cast and overthrow a horse 153 D. Diapente a Drink how to use it and to shew you the Virtues of it 79 Diahexaple a Drink with the Virtues of it 79 and 80 Diatessaron made or Horse Mithridate how made ib. Drinks given when you neither have Diatessaron Diahexaple or Diapente 81 Diseases of a horse known by the signes he shews from 81 to 86 Drugs the Nature of the principal sorts of them 94 Drinks in general for all inward Diseases of a horse that troubles the whole Body from 126 to 128 Other general Drinks for the Cure of all inward Sickness ib. A Drink very comfortable 131 A Drink Operative ib. Drugs their Prices see for the Table of them between the first and second part Decoction what it is 146 E. Of the Elements and their Nature 73 Eyes a Caution about them 90 To make the black and red Aegyptiacum which are both Corrasives For their Naures are to corrode and eat away all manner of proud and naughty Flesh out of any old sore or Vlcer 126 Drenches in general for all manner of Sicknesses 126 and 127 Dead Foal to expel general Simples good for it 148 F. A Farriers Office in what part it doth consist 70 A Farrier ought to know principally five things 90 A Farrier what he ought to know before he goes about to Purge a horse 96 To fat a lean horse in twelve or fifteen days 123 Another for the same purpose ib. Of Feavers and how you may know every sort of them one from another 129 and 130 Fatning things in general 143 Lust to provoke Simples good for it in general 148 G. Of Glisters and their Vses 90 Glisters for Costiveness 91 A Glister Laxative 90 A Glister Restringent 92 and 93 A Glister for a fat horse that cannot be kept clean ib. A Glister in case of a desperate sickness ib. A Glister for the Pestilence and all Feavers ib. A Glister for the Cholick ib. Advice given upon giving of Glisters and what are to be put into them ib. Laxative Glisters what simples are to be put into them 94 Gelding of horses how and in what Season is best 119 Green Ointments several sorts of them 138. 139 and 140 Glisters what
which may be any ways noxious to the inward part of the Body And it also preventeth sudden Sickness if you do suspect it Fifthly the opening of the two Plate or Breast-Veins do help the Anticor Sickness of the Heart Morfoundring which is the Foundring in the Body by over-riding whereby the Grease of the Horse is molten it also preventeth Diseases in the Liver Lungs and inward parts grieved and sometimes Hurts in the Shoulder which causeth Lameness before Sixthly we use to touch the two Thigh-Veins before which helpeth Foundring in the fore-Feet Mallenders Splent Screw Ring-bone and such like infirmities in the fore-Foot and such other higher Parts Seventhly we use to take Blood from the four Shackle-Veins before and this is very good for the Crow-scab Ring-bone and such like Diseases Eighthly we use to strike the two Spur-Veins which Cureth the Farcin in the Sides Morfoundring swelling under the Belly which is a Disease called the Feltrick and the like Ninthly we prick the two Toe-Veins which do help Frettizing Foundering Hoof-bound beating of the Horses Feet by Riding upon hard and stony ways and the like Tenthly we open the two Thigh-Veins behind and this doth help the Grief of the Kidneys swelling in the Hinder-Legs Foundring Sellenders Scratches Kybes c. And it also helpeth Diseases in and about the Belly as Pissing of blood Pissing oft after great and extraordinary hard labour and the weakness of the Reins the Back Belly Guts or any other of the inward Parts the Curb Spaven and such Diseases which come of Rankness of Blood Eleventhly we sometimes do open the four Shackle-Veins behind and this is very good against Founderings and other pains in and about the Feet Twelfthly we let Blood in the two Flank or Hanch-Veins and this is most probable for all kind of Feavers the Stones Poverty and the Felter-worm Thirteenthly we draw Blood from the two Tail-Veins which Cureth the Mange in the Tail falling of the Hair or Itch in the Tail And these are for the most part all the Veins that are usually opened So that the full sum or number of Veins which Farriers commonly open are thirty Other Veins there are which are of a smaller proportion and therefore not fit to be opened I will not say that these Veins so opened doth Cure the Diseases absolutely but it doth sometimes asswage the Malignancy of the Malady sometimes it preventeth Diseases and sometimes again it prepareth the Body the better to receive such Physical Drinks which do inwardly Cure them and such Salves Oyls Unguents which do dry and heal up outward Infirmities c. How many Bones a Horse hath and where they are Situated All the Bones which every Horse hath whereby to make up an Organical Body are these viz. He hath in his Head thirty nine or fourty Teeth The Bones in his Head do Comprehend the Crocks and Handles of the Scull albeit they be composed of parts and parcels of other Bones also the two flat Handles which from the Pallat and the Fork or Throat hath five the Chine hath fifty two the Breast one the Ribs hath thirty six the fore-Legs and fore-Feet hath fourty four and the hinder-Legs and Feet fourty so as the whole structure of the Body of a Horse whereby to perfect a full Building of Bones consisteth of about two hundred fifty seven or two hundred fifty nine if they be rightly computed which do represent themselves altogether at what time the perfect Anatomy of a Horse is laid open Of the Elements The Elements are four and they give Life and Nutriment unto Man and all other living Creatures They are these Fire Air Water and Earth Their Nature The Nature of Fire is to be hot and dry Air to be hot and moist Water to be cold and moist and Earth to be cold and dry Signes of the Zodiack Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricornus Aquarius Pisces These do all Govern the twelve Months of the year and are placed above the Zodiack Names of the Planets Saturn Jupiter Mars Sol Venus Mercury and Lunâ—a The Government of the Signes Aries governs the Head Taurus the Neck Gemini the Shoulders and Armes Cancer the Stomach and Breast Leo the Heart Virgo the Belly and Guts Libra the Reins and Buttocks Scorpio the Privy Parts Sagittarius the Thighs Capricornus the Knees Aquarius the Legs and Pisces the Feet The best time to let a Horse Blood in If there be no extraordinary cause as in Case of desperate Sickness or so then Jan. the third and fifteenth Feb. the fourth and ninth Mar. the seventeenth and eighteenth April the tenth and sixteenth May the first and thirteenth June the fifteenth and twentieth But for July and August by reason that the Canicular days be then predominant Blood-letting is not so good but only in urgent Case of Necessity In Septemb. the eleventh and twenty eighth Octob. the eighth and twenty third Novemb. the fifth and Seeds Gather Seeds and Fruits when they be fully ripe and they also last but one whole year Rind or Bark Gather the Rind or Bark of any Simple when the Herb is ripe dry them and they will last many years The Office of the Farrier What Points Consist the Office of the Farrier IT Consists in four things viz. Science Experience Knowledge and Handy Work But I shall let pass the first three and speak to Handy-Work and that is To Heat an Iron well to Turn a Shoo well to make and Point a Nail well to Pare the Hoof well to Cauterize well to let Blood well to be light and well-Handied Bold and Hardy and Dressing of a Horse well of such Accidents as may happen unto him The Principal Members of a Horse Some hold that there be four and make the Stones or Gignitors one but I say there are but three The Liver the Heart and The Brain and if he be offended in any of these he will die but if any other Member besides these be hurt he may live and therefore the Stones or Gignitors cannot be one of the Principal Members for you cannot touch any of those three but you kill him out-right or desperately endanger him Now the Stones may receive hurt and if I despair of Curing them I can cut them out without peril of his life Of the Sinews and of the number of them There are two Sinews or Tendons which are white and begin at the end of the Nose and extend themselves along the Neck and along the Back and make their extent to the four Legs and take their ligaments in the fore-Feet There are in every Horse twenty nine or thirty great and small The two great Sinews which I named before It. Two Branches which are main Sinews that proceed from the Brain and run down the Cheeks to the Teeth It. There are from the Shoulders to the first Joynt of the Armes or fore-Legs downwards two great Sinews It. From the Knees to the Pasterns are four
keep him warm and let him fast three houres after it and then give him a Mash and Hay after that But in case Diapente is not to be had then take Celandâ—ne half a handful as well Roots as Leaves well washed and picked Wormwood and Rue of each half a handful boil them in a Bottle of Ale or Beer to a quart and strain it well and put it into half a pound of sweet Butter and two or three spoonfuls of Treacle and give it him luke-warm But secondly to prevent it before it comes is when you turn him to Grass to let him Blood likewise and to give him the next day the Drink of Diapente and so to abate his Cloaths if he hath any to harden him before you turn him to Grass to prevent his taking of Cold. The Drink of Diapente Take of Gentian of Aristolochia rotunda of Bay-berries of Myrrh and of the Shavings of â—vory of each a like quantity and let them be Pounded severally and finely Searced and after weighed so as the quantity may be just and even not any one less or more then another and after you have mixed them very well together put them into a Gally-pot close stopped as that no Air get into it and so keep it for your use How to use it If you Drench him for a Cold or Glanders give it him in Muscadine if for other Maladies then in sweet Sack and the quantity must be a Pint and an half But if you cannot get either Sack or Muscadine then give it in strong Ale or Beer the quantity of this Powder of Diapente must be two or three spoonfuls unless to a small sick and feeble Horse then according to your own Judgement as you shall think requisite The word Diapente is as much as to say Composition of five Simples The Vertues of Diapente It is the most Sovereign thing which can be given to a Horse by way of Drench to Cure him of very many Diseases It is good against all infectious Maladies as Feavers of what Nature soever all sorts of Pestiâ—encies or contagious Colds Coughs wet or dry Glanders Surfeits inflammations in the Blood or Liver Frenzies Yellows it purisieth refineth and purgeth the Blood from all infection and Corruption it easeth the overflowing of the Gall and the working of the Spleen In a word it Cureth whatsoever Diseases the Body of an Horse may be inwardly inclined unto The making of the true Diahexaple Take the Roots of round Aristolochia wash them small scrape them and make them as clear as may be then take Juniper-berries unexcorticated and Bay-berries excorticated take the purest and best drops of Myrrh and the finest shavings of Ivory of each an equal quantity beat all but the Myrrh together and Searce them fine Lastly beat the Myrrh and searce it also then mix them altogether press it hard into a Gally-pot and keep it for your use The Vertues of Diahexaple This Powder or indeed Mithridate is most Excellent and Sovereign against all manner of Poison either inward or outward it Cureth the biting of venomous Beasts and helpeth short wind and pursiness It Mundisieth Clenseth Suppleth and maketh thin all gross Humors it healeth all diseases of the Liver and Stomack helps Digestion and being given in a Pint of Sack it Cureth all Colds it is good against Consumptions breaks Phlegm helps Staggers and all diseases of the Head Gerrard It Recovers Tiring and Weariedness and takes away Cramps and Convulsions dries up the Scurvey breaks the Stone opens all inward Obstructions and helps the Yellows the Gargil and the Dropsey Diascordies It Cures all Diseases of the Lungs as Glanders and Rottenness gives ease to all Gripings and windiness of the Belly provoketh Urine takes away Infection and kills Wormes A Drink to open an Horses Body and to Clense it Take a Quart of New Milk Sallet-Oyl Honey of each half a Pint an Ounce of London Treacle and the Yolks of six Eggs beat altogether then put to it Licoras Sugar-Candy Anniseeds all in Powder of each an Ounce and infuse altogether and so give it him ride him after it set him up warm and let him fast two houres or more How to make Diatessaron Mithridates or Horse-Treacle Take of the Powder of Diapente two Ounces and put it into a clean Stone-Mortar and put thereto clarified or Life-Honey the like quantity Let the Mortar be hot before you put them in then with a Pestle of Wood work it till it come to a Treacle then take it forth and keep it in a Gally-pot close stopped for your use How to use it Take half an Ounce of this Confection and dissolve it in a Pint and an half of Muscadine or sweet Sack and give it him Blood-warm and as you see occasion you may add to it of London-Treacle an Ounce The Vertues of it It is good for all Poisons and infectious Diseases and drives sorth all manner of Sickness from the Heart and is good for all sorts of Feavers and all other desperate and dangerous Sickness taking first Blood from him if there be cause How to make the Electuary of Diatessaron Take Gentian Bay-berries Aristolochia rotunda or Birth-wort of each two Ounces all beaten to very fine powder Put them into a Stone-Mortar as you did the other with two pounds of clarified Honey and work them together till they come to a Treacle and when you have done put it up into a Gally-pot and keep it for your use close stopped use it as you do the other The Vertues of it It resists Pestilence and Poison and Cures the Biting of any venomous Beast It is good for the Falling Sickness Convulsions and all cold Distempers of the Brain As also for Colds and Coughs wet or dry Surfeits Glaunders Inflammation of the Blood and Liver Yellows and many other Diseases which a Horses Body is inclineable unto A Drink given when you neither have Diahexaple Diapente or Diatessaron Take of Tarr two Ounces of Honey an Ounce black Soap two drams and bay Salt a handful incorporate them well together then take two Egg-shells the Crowns only being broken so as you may get forth the Meat and fill them full with this Medicine and put them down his Throat and walk or ride him gently up and down a quarter of an hour or more warm Cloathed that done set him up warm and Litter him well and let his Drink be either Mashes or white Water for four or five days after and let him fast three houres after his Medicine and let his Hay and Provender be sweet and good Signes of all Sickness in General If you find in your Horse heaviness of Countenance extream Loosness or extream Costiveness shortness of Breath Loathing of Meat dull and imperfect Eyes rotten or dry Cough staring Hair or Hair unnaturally discoloured a staggering Pace frantick Behaviour yellowness of the Eyes of Skin faint or cold Sweat extraordinary lying down or beating or looking back at his Body
and laid as a Plaister dispenseth Knots and Kernels in the Flesh the Juice of Colts-foot is good for all hot swellings and inflammations Endive applied asswageth all Swellings and Tumors coming of a hot cause an Oyl made of the broad Flag Flower-deâ—luce mollifieth all manner of Tumors and Swellings in any part of the Body As also of the Matrice the Roots of stinking Gladwin boiled in Vineger or the Grounds of Beer and laid upon them consumeth them the Decoction of the leaves of the Goose-berry bush cooleth them Frankincense mingled with Honey and applied dissolveth hard swellings the fresh Herb of Groundsel made into a Poultess taketh away the heat and pains of them and used with Salt dissolveth Knots and Kernels Henbanâ— asswageth all manner of swellings in the Cods or elsewhere if they be boiled in Wine or the Grounds of Beer and applied either of themselves or by a fomentation warm True-love or one Berry hath the same Vertues Hore-hound boiled in Hogs Grease is also good for any swelling in any part of the Body St. Jâ—hâ—s wort dissolveth swellings Knotgrass cooleth all manner of hot Inflammations breaking out by heat Hedge Mustard is good for swellings in the Stones The Decoction of Rag-weed or Pellitory of the VVall is good Rye-bread or the leaves thereof ripeneth and breaketh Imposthumes and other swellings so doth Wood-Sage the leaves of Southern-wood boiled till they be soft and stamped with Barley-Meal and Barrows Grease and applied to the place grieved is good for all cold Tumours The Decoction of the Root of Scabins applied doth wonderfully help all sorts of hard or cold swellings in any part of the Body c. Simples good in General to cause Sweat given inwardly or applied outwardly Mountain Calamint given inwardly or applied outwardly being boiled in Sallet-Oyl and the Body anointed with it the Juice of Scabius given him with Treacle Camomil used in Baths provoketh it opening the Pores and mitigating the Griping pains in the Guts and Bowels the Juice of Bugloss mixed with Brandy and the Body rubbed therewith is good Master-wort or Herb-Gerrard is also good Fennel-Gyant mixed with Sallet-Oyl and the Body anointed with it An Oyl made of Asarabaca with Landanâ—m by setting it in the Sun and the Back anointed with it is good Wood-sage c. Simples and other things that are good to Expel the Heam in Beasts which is the same as the after-Birth is in Women Time Winter-succory penny Royal boiled in white-Wine and given Common Horehound boiled also in the same Wine and given Dittany given or put up in a Pessary driveth forth the dead Foal and expelleth the Secundine Angelica driveth it forth also so doth Parsley-seed Alexanders Hops Fennel Savin and bay-Berries the powder of the inside of the wrinkled skin of the Gizzard of a Hen that Lays dried and given in white-Wine is excellent c. Simples good in general to provoke or expel Wind. Alexander or House-parsley Angelica seeds Bay-berries the seeds of the wild Carriots Bishops-weed dissolveth it Caraway-seeds Cardamum seeds sweet Chervil Cummin taken inwardly or given in Glisters is good for the gnawing of the Guts and Belly Dill-seeds the Herb Devils-bit boiled in Wine Fennel-seeds Filapendula or Drop-wort Hemp seed the Berries of Holly Juniper-berries the Root of Lovage Lavender Nep or Cat-mint Nutmegs wild Parsnix or the Seeds or Roots of common parsley dissolveth it both in the Stomach and Bowels China-Roots Winter and Summer-Savoury penny-royal given him in Sack Burnet Saxaâ—rage stone-parsley the seed of smallage Time or Mother of Time Valerian c. Simples that are good in general for Cattel that are bewitched Two drams of the berries or seed of True-love or one berry beaten to powder and given him for twenty days together restoreth him Misle-toe growing upon Pear-trees and hung about the Neck is very good Amara â—ulcis gathered in its Influency is also good for it used as before Peony is good The branches of the Holly-tree is reported to defend not only from Witch-craft but Lightning also c. Simples that are Cordials and Strengthners of Nature Gentian strengthens the Stomach exceedingly and keepeth the Heart from fainting Clove Gilly-Flowers are great Strengthners both of the Brain and Heart and are very good to put into Cordials for sick and weak Horses St. Johns-wort Juniper-berries strengthens the Brain and all the Limbs of the Body Marigolds strengthens the Heart so doth Saffron and Mustard-seed Give not above two drams of Saffron at a time when you use it Mother of Time is a great strengthner of it Red Roses doth not only strengthen the Heart but Stomach and Liver and the retentive Faculty and mitigateth the pains that arise from Heat Bugloss Balm Motherwort Mace Cinnamon Cloves Anniseeds Canary c. Simples that are good in general either taken inwardly or applied outwardly for the Biting or Stinging of any venomous Beast viz. Adders Vipers Spiders Wasps Bees and Hornets c. The Decoction of Agrimony given him or the Juice of Alexander or Horse-parsley Aristolochia rotunda or Birthwort Asarabica Balm Wood-bitony the powder of the dried Leaves of the blew Bottle given in Plantine-water Comfrey Bucks-horn Plantine given him with some of the Leaves laid to the hurt place is good against the Biting of Adders the Juice of the Root of the Bur-dock given him inwardly and applied outwardly to the place bruised with Salt is also very good for them to ease the pain thereof Water-Caltrops Cantaury Campions Flower-de luce boiled in Vineger and given is good so is the Decoction of the Root of Common Elder the seed of St. Johns wort given inwardly and applied outwardly is good for them so is Sage Rocket Penny-royal Pimpernel Ground-pine Marjorem Summer-Savory taketh away the stinging of Bees or Wasps the Root of Spignel the green Herb of Tobaccho applied to the place bruifed the Leaves of the Tamarisk Tree boiled in Wine and given him is good so is Valerian and Vipers Bugloss the Flower of Barley or Wheat-meal boiled in Vineger applied to the place grieved is very good to draw forth the Venom the Juice of Mead or Trefoyl is also good for them c. A very large Account in general of what Simples are good for all sorts of Sorâ—s or Vlcers whether inward or outward of what Nature soever Agrimony Alehoof boiled with a little Honey and Verdegrease doth wonderfully cleanse them and stayeth the spreading and eating of the Cankers in them the Juice or the Water of Angelica is very good to wash them with so is Anemone or Wind-Flower and Archangel Arsmart is good for putrid Ulcers Alloes beaten to powder and strewed upon them is also good so is the Juice of Broom and Water-bitony the Water or Juice of Bistort or Snakeweed or of the Leaves Buds or Branches of the Bramble is very good to wash them with the â—uice of the Leaves of the blew Bottle helpeth all Ulcers or Sores in the Mouth Bugle Burnet wild
Saffron boiled in Beer or Ale and this now and then used will keep a Horse in perfect Health Wormwood is good against Poison Quinsey biting and stinging of venomous Creatures Cholick Wormes and to keep Clothes from the Moths it helps the Spleen strengthens the Heart and heats the Stomach VVillow-Herb vide Loose-strife Wallwort or Danewort vide Dwarf-Elder Woodroff is of Temperature like unto our Ladies Bed-straw but not so strong being in a mean between heat and driness it prevaileth in Wounds as Cruciata and other vulneary Herbs doth The Leaves and Berries of the Wafering Tree are cold and dry and of a binding quality the Decoction of the Leaves is good to Seringe a sore Mouth with and is good for the Diseases of the Gums and fastneth loose Teeth VVormes do conglutinate and comforteth Sinews VVhite Lead is a great drier and shealer of Scabs and is good put into Medicines for Scratches and for Sellanders and Mallenders Y. Yarrow called also Nose-bleed Milfoyl and Thousand-leaf it cleanseth and is meanly cold but it most of all bindeth An Ointment of it Cureth wounds and is good for Inflammations It is good for the bloody Flux The Ointment is good not only for VVounds but Ulcers likewise and Fistulaes especially such as are bound with moisture The Hair being washed with the Decoction stayeth the shedding of it taken inwardly is good for the Mattering of the Yard and the Juice of it is most excellent or the decoction of it injected into the Yard with a Syringe to stop the extreme flowing of the Seed although the Issue dorh cause Inflammation and Swelling of the secret parts and though the Spermatick Matter do come down in great quantity as hath been very well proved VVater Yarrow is of a dry Faculty by reason it taketh away hot Inflammations and Swellings Z. Zuche which are called Gâ—urds are cold and moist in the second degree and allayeth all manner of Inflammations or hot Swellings Softning or dissolving Herbs are Four viz. Mallows Marsh-mallows black Violet and Bears-breech THE EXPERIENCED FARRIER The Second Part. Before you Enter upon the Drenching and Physicking of Horses Take these Directions with you I. THAT all Diseases are Cured by their Contraries and all parts of the Body are maintained by their like viz. If Heat be the Cause of the Distemper then appropriate those Medicinâ—s that are cold to it If cold then give hot If Wind be the cause of Illness then finde out in your Table of Simples proper Medicines for that Disease and use them according to Directions II. Apply not the Medicines to one part of the Body that are appropriated to another part viz. If the Brain be over-heated use not such Medicines as cool the Heart and Liver III. If you give distilled Waters for the Disease you intend to Cure Give such Water as is distilled out of the Herb proper for that Disease and sweeten it with the same quantity of Syrup as you give Water made also of the same Herb or some other proper for the Disease IV. If the Disease of the Body lie remote from the Stomach and Bowels then use Pills or Balls which is the most proper Physick for the Distemper because they are longest in digestion and therefore the most fit to carry off the Disease by degrees V. Rather be found faulty on the safer side by giving your Physick too weak then too strong VI. Consider the natural temper of your Horses Body that is afflicted and support it in that or else you weaken and destroy Nature in stead of Repairing it as the Heart is hot the Brain cold so apply your Simples accordingly 7. Those Medicines that are hot in the first degree are just of the heat and temper of the Blood and therefore most wholesom and proper for the Body VIII All Medicines that are opening and provoke Urine are best given in white-Wine or Ale for they are of an opening Nature and a great Strengthner of the Reins IX All Medicines that are given to stop any Loosness or Scouring let him fast three houres or more before he receive them X. Let your Medicines be proper to the humor offending or else you will weaken Nature not the Disease XI If the Humor offending be thin that you intend to remove then let your Medicine be gentle but if it be thick and tough then give him some cutting and opening thing the Night before to prepare his Body the better for his Purge the next day XII Have a care how you use binding Medicines when you purge tough humors XIII If your Horse be bound in his Body either Rake him with your Hand being first anointed with Sallet Oyl Hogs-Grease or sweet Butter before you pull his baked or hard dung from him or else give him a Glister before you give him a Purge XIV You must consider the strength and stature of your Horse and accordingly prepare your Medicines either stronger or weaker XV. If you give your Horse a Drench for a Cold you usually give him of these sorts of Powders viz. Fennegreek Liquoris Bay berries Anniseeds Cummin-seeds Grains of Paradice Long Pepper Elecampane Turmerick c. But be sure you exceed not above three Ounces of them in his Drench at one time XVI If you give a Horse a Scouring that is very strong and lusty you may venture to give him with safety an Ounce or more of the best Barbadoes Alloes which is the strongest sort of Aloes that is powdred and made up into Balls with fresh Butter as you have Directions afterwards XVII If you give Aloes Succotrina you may give an Ounce and an half of it because it is of a weaker Nature than the other dissolved on the Fire in half a Pint of white-Wine and brewed afterwards in a quart of strong Beer with about two Ounces of fresh Butter put into it which by reason of the Loosning and Opening quality it hath will cause the Aloes to work so much the sooner and better This Proportion is to be given only to a large and strong constitutioned Horse a less quantity will serve a smaller An Advertisement about the several sorts of Aloes and how you may know not only their Goodness but also distinguish them one from another There are four several sorts of them and differ only in Purity viz. Aloes Caballina Aloes Hepatica Aloes Barbadoes and Aloes Succotrina 1. Aloes Caballina is a yellowish sort of Aloes much of the colour of a boiled Liver and is somewhat dearer stronger and better then Aloes Hepatica This is seldom sold by it self but kept only to mix amongst the black and courser sort of Aloes to give them a good colour 2. Alâ—es Hepatica is much of the same kind with the Caballina for they come over mixt together but is of a blackish Roziny colour when Refined which is accounted the best colour 3. Aloes of Barbadoes is found out but of late years but is accounted the strongest sort of all the kinds of
put on the Saddle again and let it so remain all Night and this presently helpeth any Swelling in the Withers or any other part of the Back as also any Swellings by Spur-Galls But if the Skin be broken or ulcerated then take sweet Butter Bay salt and the powder of Frankincense of each as much as will suffice boyl all these together and with a Clout fastned upon a stick dip it into it scalding hot and scald it two or three times but if it be full of corruption then make incision on both sides beneath that the Matterative stuff may the more easily void away downwards and heal it up with your powder of Lyme and Honey or to anoint it well with the Oyl of Turpentine and it will either asswage or break the Swelling and if it be broke squeeze forth the corruption and drop some of the said Oyl into it Morning and Evening and it will both cleanse and heal it but if the Skin be only Galled off take Cream and Soot well mixt together and lay upon the Sore and it will heal it presently if the Wound be not very deep Things good in General for Swelled Cods If it come of Rankness of Seed or of Blood then let him have a Mare and let him Cover her two or three days together and half an Hour after Ride him into the Water above the Cods or Stones against the stream and he will do well But if it come of other Causes take the Lees of Claret-Wine or for want of that the Dregs of strong Beer and Cummin-seed made into fine powder and a little Wheat and Bean-Flower boyl them altogether to an Ointment and anoint his Cods warm therewith then draw forth his Yard and wash that and his Sheath also with white-Wine Vineger and three or four Houres after Ride him into the Water above the Cods and let him stand in the Water some short time and to Ride him against the stream do this every day till the Swelling be asswaged or take the Roots of wilde Cucumbers and white Salt boyl them in fair Water to an Ointment and anoint his Cods with it warm and then apply this Ointment Take Goats-Grease or Deers Sewet the White of an Egg and Sallet Oyl boyl them gently and anoint his Cods therewith but this must be after he hath been ridden into the Water and dry again A Charge for Swelled Cods Or take Bolearmoniack beaten into fine Powder Vineger and the Whites of Eggs well beaten together and anoint him therewith daily till it be abated and if it Impost humate where you find it to be soft open it with a hot Iron or with your Incision Knife if it break not of it self and heal it up with your green Ointment taught you as aforesaid Another for any Bite or Bruise on his Cods which cause them to Swell very much To remedy this Accident Wash and Bathe them very well with warm Whey Morning and Evening for three or four days together and anoint them after it with the Oyl or Ointment of Populeon till you finde the Swelling abated keeping his Cods warm with a Linnen Bag made in the nature of a Purse and drawn easily over them If you find that the Swelling is abated you may then apply the Common Charge of Soap and Brandy to it very hot which will Knit the Strings of his Cods together again But if you find that they are so torn that you question his Cure then the best way in my opinion is to Geld him A most Excellent Bath which is not only good for Swelled or bruised Cods but for all manner of Bruises in any Part of the Body from Head to Foot Take two quarts of the strongest Ale you can get Then set it over the Fire in a large Skillet or Pipkin and put to it two good Handfuls of the Rind of the black Berry Bush and let it Simper away till it come to a quart then strain it forth and keep it for your use How you are to use it Bathe the grieved part Night and Morning with it very hot and heated very well in by the Fire then dip a Linnen Cloth in the same and bind it up hot When you have done peel off the Bark towards the Root when you gather it for that is the best This is a very great Strengthner of any weak Member by either Bruise Strain or Pain Things good in General for Bursting or Ruptures in Horses Though I hold it incurable yet I shall give you those things that worketh much good though no absolute Cure These things are great Knitters and are to be taken inwardly Valerian Rupture-wort Cross-wort Cranes-bill the powder of the Roots of Chammack the Leaves and Nuts of the Cypres Elm leaves or the Bark thereof Corn-Flag any of these things given inwardly with the outward means used maketh the Cure the more effectual The outward means is this Bring the Horse into a place where there is a Beam overthwart and strow it thick with straw then put on four strong Pasterns with four Rings on his Feet and fasten one end of a long Rope to one of those Rings with the loose End of the Rope and so draw all his fore-Feet together and he will fall then cast the Rope over the Beam and hoist him up so that he may lie flat on his Back with his Legs upwards without strugling then Bathe his Stones well with warm Water and Butter molten together and the Stones being somewhat warm and well mollified raise them up from the Body with both your Hands being closed by the Fingers close together and holding the Stones in your Hands in such manner work down the Gut into the Body of the Horse by stroaking it downwards continually with your two Thumbs until you perceive that that side of the Stone to be so small as the other and so having returned the Gut to the right place take a List of two Fingers broad thoroughly anointed with fresh Butter and Tie his Stones both together with the same so nigh the Body as may be yet not over-hard but so as you may put your Finger between that done take the Horse quietly down and lead him gently into the Stable and keep him warm and let him not be stirred for the space of three Weeks but forget not the next day after you have placed his Gut in his true place to unloosen the List and to take it away and as well at that time as every day once or twice after to cast a dish or two of cold Water up upon his Cods and that will make him to shrink up his Stones and thereby to restrain the Gut from falling down and at the three Weeks end to make the Cure so much the surer take away the Stone on that side he is bursten so he shall hardly be bursten on that side again and during the Cure let him not eat much nor drink much and let his Drink be always warm A
Provender suddenly when he is too hot panting whereby his meat not being well digested breedeth evil humors which by little and little do spread through all his members and at length doth so oppress all his Body that it taketh away his strength and make him in such evil condition that he can neither go nor bow his Joynts and being once laid is not able to rise again neither can he stale nor dung but with great pain Itcometh also if he drink too much upon Traveling when he is hot and not riding him after it The Signes to know it He will be Chill and quake for Cold after drinking and some of it will come out of his Nose and some few days after his Legs will Swell and after a while begin to Pill and have a dry Cough which will make his Eyes to Water his Nose to run with a white Phlegmatick stuff and cause him to forsake his Meat and make him hang down his Head for extream pain in the Manger Foundering is a French word and signifieth no more then a Surfeit given in the Body of a Horse 272 and 399 Chest-Foundered is discovered by this infirmity He will often covet to lie down and stand stradling with his fore-Legs 275 Fa se Quarter is a Rift Crack or Chink on the out-side but most commonly on the inside of the Hoof which is an unsound Quarter seeming like a Piece put therein and not all of one entire Piece It cometh several ways somtimes by ill Shooing and Parâ—ng sometimes by Gravelling or a prick with a Nail or Stub which will make him halt and waterish Blood will issue out of the Chink or Rift 335 Flux cometh several ways vide Lask or Loosness Bloody Flux or Flix are of several kinds sometimes the fat of the slimy filth that is avoided is sprinkled with a little Blood sometimes the Excrements is like waterish blood and somtimes like pure Blood and all these do spring from one and the same cause which is the Ulceration of the Guts Now you may know by their several mixtures whether the Ulceration be in the inner small Gut or in the outward great Gut if it be in the inner Guts then the Matter and Blood will be mixt together but if it be in the outward Gut then they be not mingled together but come out severally the Blood most commonly following the Matter It cometh commonly of some sharp Humour breeding by filthy raw Food or sore Travel or Labour being violently driven through many crooked and narrow Passages do cleave to his Guts and with their heat and sharpness fret them causing Ulceration and grievous pains It cometh also by some great Cold Heat or moistness or by means of receiving some violent Purgation as Scamony Stibium or such like violent Simples applied in too great a quantity or it may come by weakness of the Liver 310 The Fig this disease bears its name from a hard piece of Flesh growing upon the Frush or Heel which resembleth the shape and fashion of a Fig. It cometh by reason of some hurt received in his Foot being not throughly Cured or by some Stub or Nail Bone Thorn or Stone and sometimes by an over-reach upon the Heel or Frush 389 Falling-Evil is a disease that is seldom seen which is no other then the Falling Sickness proceeding from ill Blood and cold and thick Phlegm gathered together in the fore-part of the Head between the Panicle and the Brain which being disperst over the whole Brain doth suddenly cause the Beast to fall and bereave him of all sense for a time It is more subject to Italian Spanish and French Horses then to English Some are of opinion that at a certain course of the Moon Horses and other Beasts many times do fall and die for a time as well as Men. This Disease is known by these Signes When they are fallen theiâ— Bodies will quiver and quake and their Mouths will foam and when you think they are dying they will rise up immediately and fall to their Meat You may know whether they will fall often or not by putting your Fingers to the Gristle of their Nostrils and if it feel cold he will have most but if it be warm he will seldom fall 239 397 Frenzy vide Madness G. Gigges Bladders or Flappes in the Mouth of a Horse are small Swellings or Pustules with black Heads on the inside of his Lips under his great Jaw-teeth which will sometimes be as great as a Wall-Nut and so painful withal that they will make him let fall his Meat out of his Mouth or at least keep it in his Mouth unchawed They do proceed from foul Feeding either of Grass or Provender you may feel them with your Finger 418 Gangrene is a running and creeping Sore that as far as it runs mortifies the Flesh causing it to rot so that of necessity that Member wherein a Gangreen is Radicated must be cut off 329 Grease Molâ—tn is when his Fat is melted by over-hard Riding or Labour You may know it by his Panting at the Breast and Girting place and heaving at the Flank which will be visible to be seen the Night you bring him in and the next Morning and besides his Body will be very hot and burning ib. Glaunders is such a lothsom and filthy disease and withal so infectious that it will infect those that stand nigh him It cometh first of Heats and Colds which beginneth with a thin Rheum and ascendeth up to the Head and setleth near to the Brain and so venteth it self at the Nose which in time groweth thicker and thicker till it comes of a yellowish Colour like unto Butter which is then very hard to cure but if it comes to a viscious and of a tough and slimy substance and the Colour be Green and stink much having run some Months with some reddish Specks in it then the most Experienced Farrier may fail in the Cure thereof and the Horse die under his Hands for then it is most certain if he hath those last Symptomes that his Lungs are Ulcerated and his Cure not to be performed without great difficulty Besides these inward Signes to know this Disease I shall give you one outward one which is He will have some Kernels and Knots that may be felt under his Chaul and as they grow bigger and more inflamed so doth the Glaunders more increase within the Body of the Horse I would advise you before you begin his Cure to prepare his Body for four or five days together with scalded Bran and give it him instead of his Provender for this will dry up the moisture and bad humours in his Body then let him Blood in the Neck and the next day Rake him and give him the Glister in the First Part. 254 and 414 Graveling cometh to a Horse in traveling by meanes of little Gravel stones getting betwixt the Hoof and the Shoo which setleth at the Quick and there festereth and fretteth 364 H. Hoof-Brittle
no such thing 387 388 Râ—t-tails is a most venomous disease and not much unlike to the Scratches of a horse It cometh to him several ways sometimes by too much rest and the Keepers negligence in not rubing and dressing him well and by reason of too much rest and good keeping without exercise the blood corrupting in his body falls down into his Legs which causeth this disease 377 Retrat is no other then a Prick in the Foot by a Nail vide Prickt 395 Rheum cometh by Cold which maketh his Teeth loose and seem long by the shrinking up of his Gums which will spoil his feeding that all the Meat will lie in Lumps in his Jaws vide Colds 241 Rot is a disease so like unto a Dropsey that it is hard to distinguish it from the same mistake not this disease for rottenness for if he be rotten his Liver and Lights are so putrified that they are not to be recovered But this Rot is of the Nature of a Sheeps Rot that is said to be rotten when his Liver is become soul and tainted yet we do eat his flesh and affirm it to be good meat whereby the Sheep is not rotten but hath a Disease called the Rot It cometh several ways sometimes to young Horses feeding in Wet or Fenny Grounds and sometimes when they are over-heated in their breaking whereby their Blood is enflamed putrified and corrupted causing Obstructions in the Liver which cause putrefaction and so knots and pustils do engender therein which breedeth this Disease The Signes are these he will lose his Stomach pant much beat and heave in his Flanks swell under his Belly his Hair will stare his Legs swell burn and dint when you press it with your Finger and his Coat will not shed at those usual times as other Horses do and will be so faint and feeble that he will lose his courage and mettle 398 Running of the Reins vide Mattering of the Yard 131 S. Shedding of the Seed cometh somtimes from abundance and rankness of the Seed sometimes by Strains or putting too heavy a load upon his Back and sometimes by weakness of the Stones and Seed-Vessels not being able to retain the Seed until it be digested and thickned 331 Strain or Sprain is the Sinews stretched beyond their strength by reason of some slip or wrench 294 Shackle-gall is on the Pastornes vide Gall 284 Surbating is a beating of the Hoof against the Ground It cometh sometimes by means of evil shooing lying too flat to his Feet sometimes by Travelling a Horse too young before his Feet are hardned which many times doth occasion a Foundring sometimes by hardness of the Ground and high lifting up of the Horses Feet and those Horses that are flat footed their Coâ—â—ns are so tender and weak that they be most subject to this Sorrance The signes to know it is he will Halt on both his fore-Legs and go stiffely and creeping although he were half Foundred 373 Spleen see the Nature of it 329 Screw is the Nature of a splint only the splint is on the inside of the Knee and the screw is on the outside 263 Swellings and Tumors cometh by Heats and Colds taken by hard Riding or fore Labour whereby the Horse being overmuch heated the Grease falleth down and setleth in his Legs and other parts which grow dry and hard and breedeth splints spavens curbs Ring-bones and the like sorrances which in time are no other things then proper Tumors Besides it doth occasion other Knots and swellings See the First Part for the Cure of them Scratches are of several sorts and kinds though they are called by several Names viz. Crepances Rats-tails Mules Kibes Pains c. being no other then the very Scratches which are certain dry Scabs Chaps or Rifts that breed between the Heel and the Pastorn-Joynt and so goeth many times above the Pastorn even up to the very Hoof of the hinder Legs but sometimes they are upon all four Legs though not very common They proceed several ways sometimes by dry melancholy Humors which fall down upon his Legs sometimes by fuming of his own dung lying under his heels or near him sometimes by the Negligence of the Groom in not rubbing his Heels well especially after a Journey or hard Labour when he brings in his Horse from Water and doth not rub his Legs and Heels dry from the Sand and Dirt which doth burn and fret them and so cause Swellings and those Swellings cause Scratches sometimes it cometh by corruption of the blood after great heats and surfeits taken sometimes by being bred in Fenny Marish and watery Grounds and sometimes they come to a Horse after a very great Sickness taken by Surfeit Or lastly by over-hard Riding or Labour whereby his Grease is molten which falleth down and setleth in his Pastorns and Feet-locks which doth occasion this Sorrance The Signes to know it are these The staring dividing and curling of the Hair it beginneth first with a dry scab upon his Pastorn Joynts like unto chaps or chinks and are in several shapes and formes sometimes long sometimes downright sometimes overthwart which will cause the Legs to swell and be very gourdy and run with fretting waterish matterative and offensive stuff which will make him go so lame at the first setting out that he will be hardly able to go 'T is good to clip away his long shaggy hain from his Pastorns if he have any which will in some measure prevent them or or at least curb them 266 Sit-fast or Stick-fast is a hard Knob which is as hard as a Horn that grows in a Horses Skin under the Saddle fast to his Flesh which cometh by a Saddle-Gall or Bruise which not Imposthumating the Skin falleth dead and looketh like a hard piece of Leather 352 A Surfeit is occasioned by Heats and Colds The Signes to know it is He will not thrive but be gaunt Bellied and dried up in his Body and cannot Cough but Gruntingly His Coat will stand staring and doth not lie smooth sometimes his Cods will swell And when it falleth out of his Body into his Legs they will swell also and stink by reason of the thin moist white yellow thick and stinking Water or Matter that flows from them which will make them so stiff that he is not able to go over the Threshold 366 Not Staling or Dunging cometh several wayes sometimes by being too high kept and but little exercise given him therefore exercise is as wholesom for a Horses Health as good Food is nourishing to his Body sometimes it cometh when you suddenly travel him when he hath been newly taken from Grass before his Body is emptied of it and dry meat put into the room thereof The Signes to know this Grief is He will lie down and tumble with extream pain as if he had the Bots. 357 Staling of Blood vide Pissing of Blood Selender is a kind of Scab and is the same with the Mallender only the difference
is that the Mallender breedeth upon the bending of the Knee on the inside of the Fore-Legs and the Selender is bred on the bending of the Hough in the Legs behind proceeding both of like causes and requireth like Cure 275 Stinking Breath is occasioned by means of corrupted and infected Lungs and you may know it by the Smell vide Lungs infected 333 A Splint in the beginning is a very Gristle and will if let run too long become to be as hard as a Bone and will be greater or smaller according to the cause of its Coming sometimes as big as a Wall-Nut sometimes as big as a Hazel-Nut It is found for the most part upon the inside of the Shank between the Knee and the Foot-lock Joynt and is very hard and difficult to Cure It is so painful to Him that it will not only cause him to Halt Trip Stumble but also fall in his Travel It cometh to him by means of too hard Travel or sore Labour whilst he is very young or by oppressing him with too heavy a burden whereby the tender Sinews of his Legs are offended It cometh also Hereditary from the Sire or Dam being troubled therewith and is known by the sight and feeling for if you pinch it with your Thumb and Finger he will shrink up his Leg. 263 Stumbling cometh two ways First Naturally Secondly Accidentally Naturally by reason that the Sinews of the fore-Legs are somewhat streight so that he is not able to use his Legs with that freedom and nimbleness he should which to Cure him of this Disease is to cut him of the Cords viz. A Slit made upon the top of his Nose and with your Cornet raise up the great Sinews and cut them asunder and heal it up again with some good Salve and this will do him no harm but good for it will give him the use of his Legs so perfectly that he will seldom or never trip more Secondly Accidentally by either Splint or Wind-galls or by being foundred prickt sâ—ub'd graveled Sinew-strained hurt in the Shoulder or Withers or by carelessly setting him up when he is too hot which maketh him go very stiff which stiffness causes stumbling 341 Stavers or Staggers is a Giddiness in the Head which when it seizeth the Brain cometh to Madness It is caused several ways sometimes by corrupt blood or gross and tough humors oppressing the Brain and is very common to most Horses and very dangerous if not taken in time sometimes it cometh by turning him out too soon to Grass before he be cold which by hanging down his Head to Seed stirreth and make thin Humors that fall down to the head and so by degrees seizeth the Brain which bringeth this mortal Sickness It cometh also by sore riding and hard labour which inflames and putrifies the Blood and disorders the whole Body The signes of this Disease are these Dimness of sight reeling and staggering of the Horse who for very pain will beat his Head against the Walls and thrust it into his Litter forsake his Meat and have waterish Eyes 235 Swelled Legs cometh to a Horse several ways sometimes by hard Riding or sore Labour when he is too fat and carelessly putting him to Grass or setting him up in the Stable too hot whereby he taketh cold which causeth the Blood Grease and Humours to fall down into his Legs and so cause them to swell sometimes it cometh by long standing in the stable when the Planks where his fore-Feet stand higher then his hinder-Feet doth which uneasie posture causeth the Blood to settle in the hinder Legs which causeth them to swell 287 Stifled this Malady cometh to a Horse Accidentally viz. Either by some strain in Leaping or by a slip in the stable or on his Travel or by some stroke or blow with a horse which either puts out the bone or much hurts or strains the Joynt The sign to know it is by the dislocated bone bearing it self out which will make him grow lame and unwilling to touch the Ground but only with his Toe till it be put in again 393 Stone cometh many ways sometimes from the weakness of the Bladder occasione by gross and bad Humors stoping the Water-Conduit or principally by violent Labour or immoderate Riding sometimes it cometh by foul Matter descending from the Liver and Spleen which falling down into the Kidneys and Bladder setleth there whereby there groweth in the Mouth of the Conduit certain hard inflamed Knobs which stoppeth his Urine and causeth him to stale with great pain and trouble by reason the Sinews and Pozes about the Neck of the Bladder are benumbed which taketh away the sense and feeling of the Bladder sometimes it cometh by keeping a Horse in his Travel too long from staling for his Water being over-heat by Exercise doth conglutinate and become so viscous and thick that Nature cannot discharge it self so freely as it should do and being pent up too long in his Kidneys engendereth Gravel sometimes red and sometimes grey which falling down into the Conduits by mixture of Phlegm and gross Humours is there brought by Conglutination to become a hard stone which stoppeth the Passage of the Urine so as he will not be able to piss or stale The signes to know this Distemper needs no more then this That he would fain piss but cannot and that many times drop by drop 360 and 363 String-halt is a sudden twitching or snatching up of his hinder-Leg much higher then the other and cometh most an end to the best Metled Horses It cometh by taking cold suddenly after hard Riding or sore Labour especially if you wash him when he is too hot which will chill his Blood and so stupisie and benumb his Sinews that it takes away the sense and feeling of that Member 341 and 394 Strangury or Strangullion is when a Horse is provoked to stale often and avoideth nothing but a few drops It cometh to him several ways sometimes by hard Riding or sore Labour which heats and makes sharp the Urine somtimes by hot meats and drinks sometimes by Ulceration of the Bladder or by means of some Imposthume in the Liver and Kidneys which being broken the Matter falleth down into the Bladder and with the sharpness thereof causeth a continual provocation of Pissing which will be with such pain that he will whisk wry and beat about his Tail as he pisseth 360 The Strangle is not as some suppose a Quinzey but an Inflammation of the throat proceeding from some cholerick or bloody Fluxion which cometh out of the branches of the Throat-veins into those parts and there breedeth some hot Inflammation stirred up by a hard cold Winter or by cold taken after hard riding or labour 'T is a great and hard swelling between the Horses nether chaps upon the roots of his Tongue and about his Throat which swelling if it be not prevented will stop his Wind-pipe and so strangle or choke him The Signes to know this disease are His Temples
of his Head will be hollow his Tongue will hang out of his Mouth his Head and Eyes will swell and the passage of his Throat so stopt that he can neither eat nor drink and his Breath will be very hot 349 Swayed in the Back cometh several ways sometimes by some great strain slip or heavy burden sometimes by turning him too hastily round His Grief commonly lieth upon these kind of strains and wrenches in the lower part of the back below his short ribs and directly between his Fillets You may perceive it by the reeling and rowling of his hinder parts in his going and be ready to fall to the Ground by his frequent swaying backward and side-long and when he is down 't is a great deal of trouble for him to rise again 399 Shoulder-pincht cometh either by labouring or straining him too young or by putting too great a burden upon his back You may know it by the narrowness of the Breast and by the Consumption of the flesh of the shoulders insomuch as the fore-part of the shoulder bone will stick out and be higher then the flesh And if it be of a long standing he will be very hollow upon the brisket towards the Arm-holes and will go wider beneath at the Feet then above at the Knees The Cure I set down here because it is not in the place of Cures 'T is this Give him a Slit with a sharp Knife an inch long upon both sides an inch under the shoulder-bone then with a large Quill put into the Slit blow up first one shoulder and then the other as big as you can possibly even up to the Withers and with your hand strike the Wind equally into every place of the shoulders and when they be both full beat all the windy places with a good Hazel wand over all the Shoulder then with a flat Sclice of Iron loosen the skin within from the flesh Then rowel the two slits or cuts with two round Rowels made of the upper Leather of an old Shoo with a hole in the midst that the corruption may issue forth and let the Rowels be three inches road and put in flat and plain within the Cut Then make a Charge and lay upon the same Look in the Table for a Charge and there you may take your Choice Shoulder-wrench or Strain cometh several ways sometimes by turning or stopping too suddenly upon some uneven ground sometimes by running hastily out at some door som etimes by slipping or sliding in the Stable or abroad sometimes by the stroke of another Horse and sometimes by falls on the Planks or slippery Ground You shall perceive it by his Trailing his Leg upon the Ground close after him 351 Shoulder-splaiting or Shoulder-tâ—rn cometh by some dangerous sliding either abroad or at home whereby the shoulder parteth from the Breast and so leaves an open Rift not in the Skin but in the flesh and film next under the skin which maketh him so lame that he is not able to go You may know it by the trailing of his Leg after him in his going 417 Shoulder-pight is when the Shoulder-point or pitch of the Shoulder is displaced by some great Fall Rack or Strain You may know it by this His Shoulder-point will stick out further then his fellow and besides he will Halt downright ib. Spaven-blood or bone vide Blood or Bone-spaven Shrow-running vide Planet-struck T. Tongue-hurt cometh by accident or with a Bit Halter or the like 374 Tetter Flying-worm or Ring-worm is a very evil sorrance which runneth up and down the Skin of a Horses Body from whence it bears its Name It cometh to him several ways sometimes by heat in the Blood which engendreth a sharp and hot humour sometimes by bad and foul feeding it is most commonly found in his Rump which runneth down the Joynts till it comes into his Tail and if it continue there long it will turn to a Canker But yet sometimes it will settle upon some fleshy part of his Body which will so trouble him with itching and rubbing against walls and posts that he will bring away the hair yea and the Skin and Flesh also with his Teeth if he can come at it so violent is his itching You may know it by the falling away of the hair by his continual rubbing but if it get into the Joynt between the top of the Rump and the Tail then it is known by a Scab which you may feel with your Finger and if you scrape or pick it away there will come out of it by little and little a thin water which being let long to run will in time run into his Tail and become a Canker as I said before 371 Trunchions are wormes in shape short and thick and of a pretty bigness which have black and hard heads vide more for Bots and there you may find all the kinds of them that do engender in a Horses Body 303 V. Aves Avives or Fives are all one Disease They are certain flat Kernels much like unto Bunches of Grapes which grow in a Cluster close knotted together in the grieved place They Center from the Ears and creep downwards between the Chap and the Neck of the Horse toward the Throat and when they come to inflame they will swell and not only be painful to the Horse but prove mortal by stopping his Wind unless you take a speedy course for the Cure of him 'T is commonly rankness of Blood that is the cause of this Infirmity When you go about the Cure of them have a care you touch them not with your Fingers for that will venom them 376 W. Wind-broken or broken Wind cometh to a Horse when you let him stand long in the stable without exercise and foul food whereby gross and thick humors are drawn into his Body so abundantly that sticking to the hollow places of the Lungs stop up his Wind-pipe that the Wind cannot get backward nor forward sometimes it cometh to a Horse when you run him off his Wind when he is very fat and foul you may know it by his heaving and drawing together of his Flanks and by blowing wide his Nostrils 251 252 Wart or spungy Excression growing near to the Eye doth come from condensed Phlegm residing there which in time causeth the Eye either to consume or to grow little if it be not remedied 279 A Wen is a hard Rising out of the flesh like a Tumor and Swelling and are of several Sizes sometimes great sometimes small some are painful and some are not painful They proceed from gross and vitious humors binding together in some sick part of the Body but most commonly by some stroke bruise blow or a stone thrown at that place it is outwardly flesh but towards the root it is Matterative 278 Wind-Galls are Bladders full of corrupt Gelly which being let forth is thick and of the colour of the Yolk of an Egg they are sometimes great and sometimes small and grow upon each