Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	blood_n	great_a	vein_n	1,434	5	9.4641	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64906	The English-mans treasure with the true anatomie of mans body / compiled by ... Mr. Thomas Vicary, Esquire ... ; whereunto are annexed many secrets appertaining to chyrurgerie, with divers excellent approved remedies ...; Profitable treatise of the anatomie of mans body	Vicary, Thomas, d. 1561.; Turner, William, d. 1568. Of the bath of Bathe, in England.; Bremer, William.; Boraston, William. Necessary and briefe relation of the contagious disease of the pestilence.; Mondeville, Henri de, 14th cent.; Lanfranco, of Milan, 13th cent.; Ruscelli, Girolamo, d. ca. 1565.; Fioravanti, Leonardo, 1518-1588.; Ward, William, 1534-1609.; Hester, John, d. 1593.	1641 (1641)	Wing V334; ESTC R13290	183,199	320

the Heart but in the ouer-part they spring foorth of him and is fastened as a aforesaid Furthermore the Heart hath two Ventricles or Concavities and the left is higher then the right and the cause of his hollownesse is this For to kéepe the blood for his nourishing and the ayre to abate and temper the great heate that hée is in the which is kept in Concavities Now héere it is to be noted that to the right Ventrickle of the Heart commeth a Veyne from the great Veyne called Venakelis that receiveth all the substance of the blood from the Liver And this Veyne that commeth from Venakelis entreth into the heart of the right Ventricle as I said before and in him is brought a great portion of the thickest blood to nourish the heart with and the residue that is left of this is made subtill through the vertue of the Heart and then this Blood is sent into a Concavity or pit in the midst of the Heart betwéene the two Ventricles and therein it is made hot and pured and then it passeth into the left Ventricle and there is ingendred in it a Spirit that is cléerer brighter and subtiller then any Corporall or Bodily thing that is engendred of the foure Elements For it is a thing that is a meane betwéene the Body and the Soule Wherefore it is likened of the Philosophers to be more liker heavenly things then earthly things Also it is to be noted that from the left Ventricle of the heart springeth two Arteirs the one having but one Coate and therefore it is called Arteria Venalis And this Arteir carryeth Blood from the Heart to the Lungs the which Blood is vaporous that is tryed and left of the Heart and is brought by this Artery to the Lungs to giue him Nutriment and there he receiveth of the Lungs ayre and bringeth it to the heart to refresh him with Wherefore Galen sayth that hée findeth that mans Heart is Naturall and friendly to the Lungs For he giveth him of his owne Mutrimentall to nourish him with and the Lungs reward him with ayre to refresh him with againe c. The other Artier that hath two Coates is called Vena Arterialis or the Great Artery that ascendeth and discendeth and of him springeth all the other Arteirs that spred to euery member of the Body for by him is vnited and quickned all the members of the Body For the Spirit that is retained in them is the instrument or treasure of all the vertue of the Soule And thus it passeth vntill it come to the Braine and there he is turned into a further digestion and there hée taketh another Spirit and so is made animall and at the Liver nutrimentall and at the Testikles generatiue and thus it is made a spirit of euery kind so that hée being meane of all manner operations and workings taketh effect Two causes I find why these Arteirs haue two Coates One is that one Coate is not sufficient nor able to withstand the violent mooving and stirring of the Spirit of life that is carryed in them The second cause is that the thing that is carryed about from place to place is of so precious a Treasure that it had the more néed of good kéeping And of some Doctors this Artier is called the Pulsatiue Veyne or the beating Veyne for by him is perceived the power and might of the Heart c. Wherefore God and Nature haue ordained that the Arteirs haue two Coates Also there is in the Heart thrée Pellikles opening and closing the going in of the Heart blood and spirit in convenient time Also the Heart hath two little Eares by whom commeth in and passeth out the Ayre that is prepared for the Lungs Also there is found in the Heart a Cartilaginous Auditament to helpe and strengthen the selfe Heart Also the Heart is covered with a strong Pannicle which is called of some Capsula Cordes or Paricordium the which is a strong case vnto whom commeth Nerues as to other inward members And this Pannicle Pericordium springeth of the vpper Pannicle of the Midriffe And of him springeth another Pannicle called Mediastinum the which departeth the Breast in the midst and kéepeth that the Lungs fall not over the Heart Also there is another Pannicle that covereth the Ribs inwardly that is called Plura of whom the Midriffe taketh his beginning And it is said of many Doctors that Duramater is the Originall of all the Pannicles within the Body and thus one taketh of another CHAP. VIII The Anatomy of the Lungs THE Lungs is a member Spermatick of the first Creation and his naturall complexion is cold and dry and in his accidentall complexion he is cold and moyst lapped in a Neruous Pannicle because it should gather together the softer substance of the Lungs and that the Lungs might féele by the meanes of the Pannicle that which he might not féele in himselfe Now to proue the Lungs to bée cold and dry of kind it appeareth by his swift stirring for hée lyeth ever waving ouer the Heart and about the Heart And that hée is cold and moyst in reward it appeareth well that he receiveth of the Braine many cold matters as Cataries and Rheumes whose substance is thinne Also I find in the Lungs thrée kinds of substance One is a Veyne comming from the Liver bringing with him the Crude or raw part of the Chylle to féed the Lungs Another is Arteria Venealis comming from the Heart bringing with him the spirit of life to nourish him with The third is Trachia Arteria that bringeth in ayre to the Lungs and it passeth through all the left part of them to doe his Office The Lungs is divided into fiue Lobbes or Pellikeles or fiue portions that is to say thrée in the right side and two in the left side And this was done for this cause that if there fell any hurt in the one part the others should serue and doe their office And thrée causes I find why the Lungs were principally ordained First that they should draw cold wind and refresh the Heart The second that they should change and alter and purifie the ayre before it come to the Heart lest the heart were hurt and annoyed with the quantity of the ayre The third cause is that they should receiue from the heart the fumous superfluities that he putteth foorth with his breathing c. Behind the Lungs toward the Spondels passeth Myre or Isofagus of whom it is spoken of in the Anatomy of the Necke And also there passeth both Veynes and Arteirs and all these with Trachia Arteria doe make a Stoke replete vnto the Gullet with the Pannicles and strong Ligaments and Glandulus flesh to fulfill the voyd places And last of all is the Midriffe and it is an officiall member made of two Pannicles and Lazartus flesh and his place is in the midst of the body over-thwart or in breath vnder the region of the Spirituall members departing them from the

is méet that one Chirurgion should loue another as Christ loveth vs all And in thus doing they shall increase both in vertue and cunning to the honor of God and worldly same SIC TRANSIT GLORIA MVNDI OF THE ANATOMIE CHAP. II. The Anatomie of the simple Members ANd if it bee asked you how many simple Members there be it is to be answered Eleven and two that be but superfluities of Members and these be they Bones Cart●lages Nex●es Pannicles Ligaments Cordes Arteirs Veynes Fatnesse Flesh and Skinne and the superfluities bée the Haires and Nailes I shall begin at the Bone because it is the Foundation and the haidest Member of all the Body The Bone is a cosimile Member simple and spermaticke and cold and dry of Complexion insensible and inflexible and hath divers formes in Mans body for the diversity of helpings The cause why there be many Bones in mans body is this Sometime it is néedfull that one members or one limbe should mooue without another another cause is that some defend the principall members as both the Bone of the Brest and of the Head and some to bée the Foundation of divers parts of the Body as the Bones of the ridge and of the Legges and some to fulfill the hollow places as in the Hands and Féet c. The Gristle is a member simple and Spermaticke next in hardnesse to the Bone and is of complexion cold and dry and insensible The Gristle was ordained for sixe causes or profits that I find in it The first is that the continuall mooving of the hard Bone might not be done in a juncture but that the Gristle should be a meane betwéene the Ligament and him The second is that in the time of concussion or oppression the soft members or limbes should not be hurt of the hard The third is that the extremity of Bones and Ioynts that be grisly might the easier be foulded and n●wved together without hurt The fourth is for that it is necessary in some meane places to put a Gristle as in the throat bowle for the the sound The fifth is for that it is néedfull that some members be holden vp with a Gristle as the lids of the Eyes The sixt is that some Limbes haus a sustaining and a drawing abroad as in the Nose and the Eares c. The Ligament is a member consimple simple and spermaticke next in hardnesse to the Gristle and of complexion cold and dry and is flexible and insensible and bindeth the Bones together The cause why he is flexible and insensible is this If it had béene sensible he might not haue suffered the labour and mooving of the Ioynts and if it had not béene flexible of his bowing one Limme should not haue mooved without another The second profit is that he be joyned with sinewes for to make Cordes and Bawnes The third helpe is that he be a resting place to some sinewes The fourth profit is that by him the members that be within the Bone be sustained as the Matrixe and Kidneys and divers other c. The Sinew is a consimiler member simple and spermatick a meane betwéene hard and soft and in complexion cold and dry and he is both flexible and sensible strong and tough having his beginning from the Braine or from Mynuca which is the Marrow of the backe And from the braine commeth seaven paire of Nerues sentatine and from Mynuca commeth thirty paire of Nerues motiue and one that is by himselfe that springeth of the last spondell All these sinewes haue both féeling and mooving in some more and in some lesse c. A Corde or Tendon is a consimple or officiall member compound and spermaticke sinowy strong and tough meanely betwéene hardnesse and softnesse and meanly sensible and flexible and in complexion cold and dry And the Corde or Tendon is thus made The sinewes that come from the braine and from Mynuca and goe to mone the members is intermingled with the Lygaments and when the sinewes and Lygaments are intermingled together then is made a Corde And for thrée causes I perceiue why the Cordes were made The first is that the sinew alone is so sensible that hée may not suffer the great labour and travell of moving without the fellowship and strength of the Ligament that is insensible and that letteth his great féeling and bringeth him to a perfit temperance And so the Cordes moue the limbes to the will of the soule And this Corde is associated with a simple f●e●h and so thereof is made a Brawne or a Muskle on whom he might rest after his travell and this Brawne is called a Muskle Then when this Corde is entred into this Brawne he is departed into many small thréeds the which be called Will and this Will hath thrée properties The first is in length by whose vertue that draweth it hath might The second in breadth by whom the vertue that casteth out hath might The third in thwartnes in whom the vertue that holdeth hath might and at the end of the Brawne those thréeds be gathered together to make another Muskle c. Now I will begin at the Arteir This Arteir is a member consimile simple and spermaticke hollow and finowie having his springing from the heart bringing from the heart to every member blood and spirit of life It is of complexion cold and dry And all these Arteirs haue two coates except one that goeth to the Lungs and he hath but one coate that spreadeth abroad in the Lungs and bringeth with him to the Lungs blood with the spirit of life to nourish the Lungs withall And also that Arteir bringeth with him from the Lungs ayre to temper the fumous heate that is in the heart And this Arteir is he that is called Arteria Venalis because he hath but one coate as a vaine and is more obedient to be delated abroad through all the Kings because that the blood might the sooner sweat through him whereas all other Arteirs haue two coates because one coate may not withstand the might and power of the spirit of life Divers other causes there be which shall be declared in the Anatomie of the breast c. The Veyne is a simple member in complexion cold and dry and spermaticke like to the Arteir having his beginning from the Liver and bringeth from the Liuer nutritiue blood to nourish euery member of the body with And it is so to be vnderstood that there is no more difference betwéene these two vessels of blood but that the Arteir is a vessell of blood spirituall or vitall And the Veyne is a vessell of blood nutrimentall of the which Veynes there is noted two most principall of the which one is called Vena Porta the other is called Venacelis of whom it is too much to treat of now vntill we come to the Anatomy of the Wombe c. The Flesh is a consimile member simple not spermaticke and is ingendred of blood congealed by heate and is in complexion

two rounds which bée received into the Concavities of the bone of the Legge at the Knée called the great Fo●sels There is also at the Knée a round bone called the Knée-panne Then followeth the Legge wherein is two bones called Focile Major and Focile Minor the bigger of them passeth before making the shape of the shinne and it is called the Shin-bone and passeth downe making the inner ankle The lesse passeth from the Knee backwards descending downe to the vtter Ankle and there formeth that Ankle c. The bones of the Féet are sixe and twenty as thus First next the Ankle bone is one called in Latine Orabalistus Next vnder that towards the Hée le is one called Calcani and betwéene them is another bone called Os Nauculare In the second ward there be foure bones called Raceti as be in the hands In the third and fourth wards be foureteene called Digitori and five called Pectens of the extremities of the Toes next to the Nailes And thus be there in the Foote sixe and twenty bones with the Legge from the Ankle to the Knée two in the knée and one round and flat bone and in the Thigh one And thus you shall find in the whole Leg and Foote thirty bones And this shall serue for young Practitioners Thus farre the Anatomie DIVERS THINGS VERY necessary for every Chyrurgion to have in a readinesse PART II. ANd first for Instruments as Novacula Sealpellum Forficis Volsella Specillum Latum Specillum Stylus Acus Canalicula Forata Habena ad membra laqueo intercipienda Fascia Panniculi linei ad vulnera abliganda Lintea concerpta Auriscalpium Forcipes ad dentes evellendos Ferramentum quo eroli dentes eraduntur Uncinus or as Celsus calleth it Hamulum retusum For Medicines HE must haue in readinesse Powders Vnguents and Emplasters they serve to stop Bléeding to conglutinate Wounds to clense foule and rotten Vlcers to mollific hardnesse to produce a Cicatrix and Skinne to remove away all excrescent and corrupt Flesh to cease paine to strengthen Fractures and Luxations For Powders THey are of thrée sorts The first is to stay Bléeding as that which is framed of Bolus Armoniae of Rosis of Mastiches and Pollin The second is for Fractures of the Scull and hurts of other Bones and is called Pulvis Cephalicus and is framed of R●dicibus ireos of Aristolochiae of Myrrhe Aloes and such like The third is to remove away excrescent and corrupt Flesh as Alumen ustum of Pul. praecipit Mercurii and such like For Unguents HE must have Unguentum Basilicon which doth humect digest and cease paine Unguentum album Rhasis which doth Refrigerate coole and dry Unguentum Aureum called of some Regis which doth Incarnate and conglutinate Wounds together Unguentum Dialthea simplex which doth Calefie soften humect and also cease paine Unguentum Apostolorum which doth deterge mollifie dry and remove away corrupt and superfluous Flesh And of like faculty almost is Mundificativum ex apio and Aegyptiacum For Emplasters DIachilon compositum which doth ripen A●ost●●es and doth mollifie and resolue hardnesse and doth digest and also absterge Diacalciteos commonly called Di●p●l●a which doth conglutinate Vlcers produceth Cicatrix and ekians and according to the opinion of Galen is very fit for the curing of Phlegme Empl●strum de B●t●nica which is also called D●●●nua it doth vnite and joyne together the fractures of the skull it couereth the bones with fl●sh it draweth out Spels and splinters of bones it doth also absterge digest and dry with the like Of five Hearbes which a good Chyrurgion ought alwayes to have THere be five Herbes that a good Chirurgion ought to haue all the yeere and they be good for wounded men and these Herbes must be dryed and made into powder and so kept all the yeare viz. Mouse eare Pimpernell Avence Valerian and G●ntian of each a like quantity but take of Mouse-eare the weight of all the other hearbes when they be dryed take demi spoonefull in vntiment or in some other liquor which is according to the sicknesse and let him drinke it and the Medicine is as good as a Salve for any wounded man as may be had for to heale him Also the herbes that draweth the wound are Occui●s Christi M●ther Buglosse red Cole wort● and Orpine Th●se be the soveraigne pepper heathes for the Fest●r hearbe Robert Buglosse Sa●nacle Hem●ropes M●rrell Rew and Sav●●● but take good héed of these hea●bes and yee shall worke the better OF WOVNDS PART III. A Definition of Wounds by their causes A Wound is a solution seueration and recent bre●ch of vnity of that that before was a continuity without putrified matter which corruption giueth the name of an Vlcer in the solution and no more a Wound The causes of Wounds 〈…〉 viz First by the violence of bo●●●● without 〈◊〉 we simply call an I●c●s●d wound as when it is 〈…〉 Instruments Secondly we call it a Stab or 〈…〉 by the force of Daggers and the like Thirdly we call 〈◊〉 Contus●d wounds caused by violent vse of the object 〈◊〉 some weighty thing cast as a Stone or strooke 〈…〉 or their similies against the subject re●●●●●ng 〈◊〉 forces differing in their ap●ellations be the diuersity of 〈◊〉 cau●es Or secondly wounds are caused by 〈…〉 that is 〈◊〉 Biting scratching and the like 〈◊〉 for these 〈◊〉 they differ in their ap●ellations ●●so th● 〈◊〉 of Wounds are taken 〈…〉 inflicted or from th●● 〈…〉 of the place wherein they are 〈…〉 the place maketh difference thus eyther they happen in the similar parts as the Flesh Artery Veyne c. or in the organicall or instrumentall parts as some intire and whole bulke truncke or fully compleat member or limbe viz. The Head Necke Brest Belly c. Wounds of the Head grow more particular because that parts belonging thereto be of more note as the Face Nose Lippes Eyes and Eares wounds of the limbes are of the Shoulders Armes Thighes and L●gs Of the similar parts also some are Sanguine as the flesh whose wounds are eyther simple deepe hollow plaine or proud with flesh The Spermaticke likewise are eyther hard or soft the soft parts as the Veynes Arteries and Sinewes being wounded we call them wounds of the hurt part the hard are the Bones a breach of which we call a wound in the Bone So Wounds deriue their Nominations from the cause place and similitudes thereof What Wounds are VVOunds are these which in Latine are called Vulnus of the vulgar Vulner and they are of two kinds that is Simple and Compound the simple are those that are onely in the Flesh the compound are those where are cut Sinewes Veynes Muscles and bones and these are of diuers and sundry kinds and the difference that is among them is by the variety of the place where they are wounded and by the difference of the weapon wherewith they were hurt For some goe right some ouerthwart that offend diuers places of the body