mans guide which is most excellent and easie to be had The tenth Chpter of the tumor which commeth at the roote of the teeth called Epulides EPulides is a tumor or excrescence of flesh which commeth at the rootes of the teeth or betweene them in great quantitie chiefly about the teeth called molâ—res it augmenteth by little and little The cause is a sharpe biting humor which commeth from the head stomacke as chaunceth in putride feuers by the euill vapors which ascendeth and corrodeth the gummes it happeneth also after vlcers in the mouth chiefly to those who haue beene ill cured of the Neopolitane sickenesse The Signes are manifest to the sight touch as saith Auicen The Iudgmentes are that sometime it is as great as an egge sometime it groweth to both the iawes in such sorte that the mouth cannot open The topical remedies consist in vsage of thinges discutient as decoction seminis lini such like sometime it suppureth and then cure it as in others ye haue heard Sometime it neither suppureth nor discusseth and then yee shall proceede as I did in Paris to a Gentlemans boy who had his mouth so growen together on both sides that nothing almost could enter therein and it was in this wise First I made incision and cutte the most part of the excrescence so consumed the rest with causticke powders and produced the cicatrice and he healed To others I haue knitte the excrescence with a threede the which I finde more sure and not to be feared neither for fluxe of bloud nor inflammation that which remained after the threede was fallen I consumed it with pouder of mercurie allom vitrioll aqua fortis and such like Sometime this Tumor is hard and schirrous for the which ye must vse palliatiues as in the Chapter of Schirre As for the maladies of the teeth the way to correct and helpe their deformitie to drawe the corrupted and put artificiall in their place ye shall heare at length in the Treatise of the poore mans guide The eleuenth Chapter of the Tumor which happeneth vnder the tongue called Batrachos or Rannuculus RAnnuculus is a tumor of the veines vnder the tongue and is sometime of such greatnesse that yee would thinke it another tongue this happeneth ofâ— to children and old folk so that the voice is intercepted The cause is a slyme pituitous humor which discâ—â—deth from the head and when the tumor is excrescence of flesh the cause is as of other excrescâ—nces It is coÌ„monly wrapped in a chest or little membraine like as Atâ—â—â—â—ma The sigâ—es are euident and it is in coulor like a frogge called Râ—na wherof it taketh the name with gret tumor in the veins of the tongue which suffoketh the sick In opening of it the sick somtime becommeth madde as I did once see Iaques Guilmio Chirurgian reporteth to haue seene it foure times As for the cure that which happeneth in childreÌ„ is healed with gargarismes resoluentis and iucisiues in old folke the veines vnder the tongue must be opened If the ranuill be great it must bee cut drawen away the superfluitie which remaineth shal be dried with sall ammoniac flos aeris such like Sometime we cut it with a bistorie and apply caâ—â—erâ— actuals As for the litle pustulles which come in the mouth that the Latins cal Aphthae as also diuers others yee shall heare at length in my Treatise of the deliuerie of women where I intreate of those diseases which commonly happen to yong children The twelth Chapter of the tumor in the neck called by the Latins Stuma or Scrofulae STruma is an inflamation of bloud and pituite in the soft and glandulous partes as vnder the chyn and oxters on the papps and bâ—tweene the thigh and the body and may happen in any part of the body The matter that is ingendred of is a rotten thick matter congealed blood like glandes The cause are falles strokes or humor pituitous mixed with melancholie also drinking of euil waters where through many were infected at the siege of Paris also the retentio of the excremeÌ„ts of the braines which should auoide by the muoth nose eares eies This disease happeneth oftenest to yong children both for the raritiâ— of the skin and gulosite for the which some cal them Scrofulae by the simtlitude of a greedie beast called Scrofa The signes are apparent to the sight in the parts where they are sometime few in number sometime many and are couered membranes like Atâ—â—â—oma Steotoma The Iudgements are that those which are superficiall mobill and not many in number may resolue vnmoueable hard maling doe not resolue or hardly receiueth any curation those that are great and neare the tracharter are difficill in opening by reason of the nerues recurrent which being cut the sick waxeth dum they are also difficill when they are accoÌ„panied with veines for feare of flux of blood The cure coÌ„sisteth in remedies vniuersals pâ—rticuler as in good regiment eate litle and of light digestion abstaine froÌ„ such things as ingender grosse humors purge oft blede in both thy armes haâ—nt no humide places the drink shal be composed after this forme take Scrofularia 3. parts Scolupendula 2. parts Pilosella and Brassica of ech a litle the toots of Reddish and Aristolochia a little seeth them al in white wine with a little honey till the halfe be consumed of this ye shall vse 3. ounces in the morning euery 2. daies once I haue vsed to diuers with good seccesse a decoction laxatiue the space of 15. or 20. dais also my confectioÌ„ set down in the poore mans guide The pâ—rticuler remedies are to rubbe the part with a little salt butter fryed in a pan with a litle vineger till it grow black some vse the emplaster de vigo with mercurie also the cataplasme set downe in the Chapter of Paristhimia If it tend to suppuration vse this take the leaues and roots of mallowes lillies of ech 2. ounces leaues of camomill one haÌ„dful make a decoctioÌ„ to the which adde the flower of beanes lyn-seed and â—enigreck an 3. ounces swines greace that is flesh a pond make cataplasme putting to it a litle oyle of â—rin and lillies this â—ath the verru both to digest â—ype WheÌ„ it is opened cure it as ye haue heard in others Sometimes children hauing scabs in the head the brains humide by wrong lying taking cold in the night haue the glandes tumified for remedy wherof apply oile of camomill anissedes swete almoÌ„ds with a litle hennes greace butter If the tumor be hot add to it oile of roses violetts it is good also to rubbe it with fasting spittle till it growe hotte I haue heard of sundrie that haue beene cured perfectly by George Boswell a very learned Chirurgion of S. Iohns towne in
heard in others as dolor pricking tensioÌ„ rednes feuer The cure consisteth in vniuerâ—all perticuler remidies vniuersall as purgatioÌ„s bleeding chiefly of the veines saphens veÌ„tosing friction on the thighes with other coÌ„uenient remedies for the prouocatioÌ„ of the purgations as ye shall heare at length in the treatise of the diseases in womeÌ„ Vse good diet tending to humidity The perticular remedies differ not froÌ„ others sauing that we vse familiar weake repercussiues because it is nere to the noble parts in the beginning it shal be good to foment the pappe with hot water vineger oyle of roses or this take the flowers of camomill lyn-seede fenegreck of ech half a pound the iuyce of mallowes roses and plantine of each three ounces vineger two ounces wet a cloth therein and lay on the sore If it tend to maturation vse this the crum of white bread and beane meale of ech halfe an ounce flower of Fenegreck half an ounce Mallowes althea and lillie roots of ech a little seeth them in milk putting therto the yolke of an egge fresh butrer a little saffion when it is come to suppuration open it with canter or lancet vacuate the humor and cure it as other apostumes make a bandage to holde it vp and labour not with the arme on the sore side for that maketh attraction of milke to it The sixteene Chapter of the Tumor in the thorax câ—lled Pleurisie PLeurisie is an inflammation and tumor of the membranes which knitte couer the ribbes whereof there are two sortes false and true the false is outward in the muscles of the short ribbes the true is that which cometh in the membranes which knitte the ribbes The Cause is externe and interne the externe is great heate or colde also great vsage of strong wine or very cold water violent exercise or colde ayre after great heat the internall cause is great repletion of all the body foure humors but chiefly the bloud and choler which make the most subtill part of the bloud ascend from the veine caue to the veine azigos thereafter in the muscles veines membranes inteâ—â—stals The Signes as saith Galen are great dolor from the shoulders to the nethermost ribbe punction in the side continuall feuer difficultie of respiring coughing hard pulse great alteration with want of appetite The Iudgementes are these that which commeth on the right side is not so dangerous as on the left if the spittle be blacke liuide and viscous with continual cough and vehement dolor long continuing it is mortall If the vrine bee thicke blewe or blacke it is mortall if the cough bee very drie and cease not it is an â—uill signe If the spittle be white light equal with little cough and the patient sleepeth well good appetite and the vrine redde coloured it is a good signe The Cure consisteth in vniuersall and particular remedies vniuersall as clisters bleeding in both the armes chiefly in the side opposite to the sore keeping good dyet abstayning from all strong drinke women violent exercises perturbations of the minde the particular shall be cataplasmes and linimentâ—s of flowers of camomill melllot annise seede linâ— seede and fenâ—greâ— if the dolor bee great and doth continue Fuchius counselleth frequent applycation of ventouses with scarrification of the parte affected If by these remedies the paine doth not cease neither that ye perceiue any euacuation of the humor neither by the mouth vrine nor fundament it is to be suspected to turne into Empiem which is a collection of matter betweene the ribbes and the region of the lightes sometime with corruption hereof for the which we make incision either by canter or lancet but rather by the canter for neither doth it close so soone nor is so dolorous the opening shall be betweene the third and fourth of the true ribbes beginning at the nethermost and so counting vpwarde sixe inches from the ridge of the backe If yee see tumor eminent in any place of the thorax open it in the most conuenient place Hippocrates counselleth to decouer the third ribbe and bore it with a trepan to let out the humor when it is open put in a hollowe tente either of siluer or leade let not all the matter auoyde at one time but by little and little and cure it as other apostumes The seuenteenth Chapter of the Tumor in the nauell called in Greeke â—â—câ—mphalon or Eminentia vmbilici VVHen the Peritone is dilated or riuen the Nauell doth swell or tumifie in such sort that sometime it riueth the cause is often in the midwife that either knitteth too neare or too long by the neere knitting either it slippeth breaketh or causeth conuulsion other grieuous diseases by the too long knitting it giueth place to the intestine or â—mentum or some bloud or fleshe waterie or windie vapors doe occupie the eminent place The Signes are knowne by the diuersitie of the matter contayned therein as if the omentum it is softe and in cullour not different from the rest of the flesh if the intestine the tumor is softe and inequall and returneth into the capacitie with a noyse if humiditie or vapours the signes are as in waterie and windie tumors if bloud which happeneth through the infecting of some veine or arter the signes are as in aueâ—â—risma if excrescence of flesh the tumor is hard and obeyeth not easily The Iudgements are these when the dilation is great it healeth not easily and often riueth by some violence or coughing The Cure is first in good regiment tending to sobrietie abstayning from all statuous meates and such as ingender crudities little mouing and such like Particular remedies consist in emplaisters astringent or the emplaister set downe in the practise of Petrus de Angilla also fomentations astringent and bandages chiefely in the beginning If that helpe not reduce the puddinges and quafe and cause the sicke to hold in his breath till ye knit the production let it fall of it selfe and produce the cicatrice If it bee riuen by violence or great cough that the intestine commeth out as happened to a woman whom I cured in Paris yee shall inlarge the wounde with a conuenient instrument reduce the intestine and vse the sutor pellitor and cure it as other woundes If there bee winde and water in the place cure it as ye shall heare more at large set downe in the Chapter of Hernes The eighteene Chapter of the Tumor in the belly called Hydrâ—psie HIdropsie is a Tumor against nature ingendred of great quantitie of water winde or phlegme sometime dispersed through the whole bodie and is called vniuersall otherwhiles in some part thereof is called particular most commonly in the capacitie of the Peritone of the which there are three kindes to witte ascites timpanites and anasarca Ascites is a maladie that causeth the bellie and legges
to swell through a waterie humor the rest of the body is small and leane Tympanites is a maladie in the which is more flatuositie and lesse humor and in touching soundeth like a drumme Anasarca or Lâ—ncophlegmatia is a disease wherewith the whole bodie but chiefely the priuie partes are swollen with a pituitous humor white and clare accompanied with feuer The cause is either externe or interne externe as stroakes falles heate colde fluxe of bloud or great and long running of the hemerhoides or through dissenteria also great vsage of humide meates as sewens euill water and such like whereof we had good proofe at the siege of Paris also euill regiment Plato saith that in the time of Apollo and Aesculapius neither caiter nor hydropsie nor many other diseases which now raigne were knowne and that through their great sobrietie The cause interne commeth chiefely of the vertue alteratrix and concoctrix of the liuer in like manner apostumes of the liuer also passions of the stomacke through the vice of the veines meseraicks intestine matrix bladder lightes milte and kidneâ—s The Iudgementes are that all hydropsies after a hotte feuer or in the feuer are euill if after apostume of the liuer it receiueth no curation if by vsing remedies the sicke groweth better within 3. or 4. daies is ill againe he healeth not if hee become laxatiue and haue no ease of his paine it is mortall if the spittle the breath and extremities do stink they are signes of death if flux with difficultie of respration he shall die within three dayes of all sorts ascites is the worst those that are yong and robust vsing exercise and if the humor be not putrified may be cured For the cure hereof there are 3. intentioÌ„s the first is good diet tending to hot and drie of good nourriture and light digestion it is good not to drinke at all but if it be any let it be a little old man I knewe a man that was cured by abstayning from drinke halfe a yeare Anthonius Bene uenius reporteth that he knew men cured by abstayning from drink a yeare without vsing any other remedies Let their bred be of barley wherwith shal be mingled the pouder of wormwood annisseede betonie calamint calamus aromaticus succorie fennell which thinges may also bee put in their pottage drinke asses goates milke is also good The second intention is with fomentions and vnguentes resotiues as ye haue heard in Edema The third intention is to corroborate the intemperie of the lyuer as is ample set downe by Albucrasis Some counsell to make incisioÌ„ the which I haue often seene but with euill successe therefore not to bee vsed as being reiected by Celsus Paulus Trallianus Gordonius and others The manner of incision is thus make the incision with a bistorie by the nauell but 3. fingers vnder it towards the flanck shuning the Linaea put a hollow tent in it and euacuate the humor by little little I haue set downe an excelleÌ„t remedie in the poore mans Guide for the curation of this disease if the fault be not in the liuer whereby I healed many in Paris during the time of the siege There are many other things which might be spoken of this matter which I leaue to the mediciners being more medicinall than Chirurgicall but by reasoÌ„ that sometime it falleth vnder the Chirurgians haÌ„ds I thought good thus much to intreate of it The ninteenth Chapter of the Tumor in the fundament called Condiloma THe fundament is subiect to diuers passions as Condiloma ficus atrices hemerhoids rhadiae clausio paralysis pruritus fistula Condiloma is a certaine excrescence of flesh hard tuberculus and membranous in the brimmes of the fundament sometimes accompanied with great tumor and swelling and are called Condilomata sometime not swelled and are called Atrices The cause is the weakenesse softnes and lowe scituation of the part also defluxion of humors which become rotten for the which it is of hard curation The signes are manifest to the sight accompanied with great tumor and dolor The Cure consiâ—th in good regiment and rest often purging with clisters bleeding in the arme to diuert the humor if there be any inflammation vsing vomitors thinges to prouoke vrine The topicall remedies are in the beginning to vse linimentes of oyle of roses cidoniorum with whites of egges thereafter vse remollientes and discutientes if it tend to suppuration vse such remedies as ye haue heard in others putting thereto a little of tapsus barbatus it must be opened in forme circular this counselleth Gordon to the ende the matier remaine not long there in which easily causeth fistule If the excrescence be great hard they must be consumed with causticke medicamentes as counselleth Celsus Sometime the fundament is closed as I sawe in Picardie in the Towne of S. Quintin in France where I brought a woman to bedde that had two children the one had excrescence of fleshe and dyed soone after it was borne the other had a membrane that closed the passage of the excrementes which I câ—tte with a bistorie and it healed This hapneth often to maides in their conduites for the which doe the like or haue recourse to Celsus Or to the mans Guide The twentie Chapter of the Tumors in the Fundament called Hemerhoides THe Hemerhoides are an inflamation or voiding of bloud of some one or moe of the fiue veines which goe about the Fundament of the which there are diuers kindes as saith Fernelius some are interne which are not to be seene others externe some swelled and voide no humor but in tract of time returne inwardly some open and auoyde aboundance of melancholicke bloud which maketh great payne The cause is great aboundance of melancholicke pituitous or bilious bloud also great vsage of mordicant medicines as saith Gordonius The Signes are these if the humor be colde the sicke feeleth great heauinesse and dolor and trembling of the bellie if the humor be hotte there shall be great pulsation euill coullor of the face heauinesse of the eyes The Iudgementes this disease is dangerous and difficill for sometime the great euacuation causeth the hydropsie euil colour and weakenesse of the bodie which often endeth in fistule If they be sodainely stayed they ingender dangerous maladies and often death the humor taking the course to some other part as the liuer or the lightes as saith Bartapallia if they voyde moderatly it is good and preserueth the sicke from melancholie leprosie strangurie griefe in the sides and inflamation on the lightes The naturall course of them is to voyde euery moneth once or at least foure or fiue times in the yeere The Cure is somewhat difficill the part being sensible and colde hauing no force of it selfe also being in a lowe place easie to receiue fluxion and being in a priuie place hard to
substance The cause is not different from other aposthumes as also the signes The iudgmentes are such as are long in healing the part being cold and membranous somtimes suppureth otherwhiles resolueth if it continue long it corrupteth the testicle The cure the sick shal be purged with clisters bled rest and weare a trusse to holde vp the stones and dressed according to the nature of the humor and accidents after the methode set downe in the generall Chapter of Aposthumes The two and thirtith Chapter of the tumor in the Flanck called Bubo THis word Bubo is taken in place for the part betwixte the thigh the bodie called in latin Ingnen in which there are many glandes which often doe swell tumifie The cause is defluxioÌ„ of humors violent exercise crisis of maladies dolor or vlcer in the legge or foote or some other part neare to it The signes are euident The iudgmentes when it happeneth by crisis of maladie it is difficill if no feâ—er haue proceeded nor vapor venemous it is easie sometime it doth resolue otherwhiles suppoâ—eth There are other glaÌ„des lower where ordinarily the plague ingendereth The cure differeth not froÌ„ other aposthumes which come in partes glandulous where of I haue spoken amply in the Chapter of Scrofulae The three and thirieth Chapter of the tumor in the knees THis tumor commeth by fluxion or congestion of humors in the ioyntes and chiefly in the knees the cause is strokes falles plenitude of humors crisis of maladye heate colde long trauell laxations riding and frictions The signes are manifest the iudgmentes are that those which happen after a long maladie are difficill and dangerous as sayth Hyppocratâ—s are long in healing painfull to the sick dolorous the humor being either extreame hot or colde which maketh inflamation in those partes sometime matter virulent vnder the lidde which causeth the bone goe out of his place and sometime turneth ouer as I saw once in Paris The cure consisteth in vniuersall and pâ—rticuler remedies vniuersal shal be according to the qualitie of the humor as yee haue hearde in the generall Chapter the Topicall remedies shal be repercussiues discutientes drying according to the nature of the part which shal bee distinguished according to the degrees of the aposthumes as ye haue heard in Phlegmon If it tende to suppuration be warie in opening of it our auntients forbid to open deepe vnder the lidde because parts are sensible and dolorous of the which happeneth euill accidents Vse medicamentes corroboratiues and anodines euacuate the matter and cicatrice the wound as others sometime the tumor is ingencred of winde which deceiueth the Chirurgian and if it happen cure it as ye heard in windie and waterie tumor The foure and thirtieth Chapter of the tumor in the veines of the legs called Varicae VArix is dilatatioÌ„ of the veine greater thaÌ„ natural which happeneth in diuers partes of the bodie as teÌ„ples bellie vnder the nauell on the testicles matrix but chieflye in the legges which is sometime one veine sometime diuers together full of thick burnt melancholick blood letting action of the place The cause is abundaÌ„ce of the melaÌ„cholick humor retentioÌ„ of the moueth course in womeÌ„ Hemorhoides in both sexes which dilateth the veines sometime breaketh as oft happeneth to women in their trauell for the which I haue treated at leÌ„hth in the treatise of womeÌ„s birth likewise vehemeÌ„t exercise as leaping wresling carying of great burtheÌ„s strokes falls tormeÌ„ts such like The signes may be seene by the greatnes of the veins which coÌ„monly are blacker than the naturall The iudgemeÌ„ts those that are interne are incureable and not to bee touched because it letteth the â—fluxion so returneth to the noble parts causeth great accidents intertaineth old vlcers letteth the cure therof The cure is diuersly set down by diuers authors some counsell to incise them in diuers places according to the circumâ—olution and let the blood then to close vp and binde the wounde as in other bloâ—dinges resting that daye and if they swell agayne doe the place with a little inke the skin aboue the veine therafter take vp the skin with thy handes and incise in the middst therof then let it goe that the veine may be seene passe two needles as in the varicus herne let it bleede a quantitie knit it let the thre ad fall of it selfe without drawing it by force and cure the wound as others The fiue and thirtieth Chapter of the little Tumors in the leggs called Dracunculus THis is a tumor or extraordinarie dolor bredde in the legges or armes called Draguneus yet diuers authors haue giuen it diuers names as Auicen calleth it Meden by the name of a towne where it is frequent Albucrasis calleth it Venaciuilis Halyabbas vena famosa There is also touching the cause cure great difference it chaunceth most coÌ„monly in the midst of Arabia as writeth Paulus and is not oft seene amongst vs yet some-what I will say of it for the better instructioÌ„ of the yong Chirurgian Paulus and Auicen are of opinion that in the place affected the humor is like vnto little wormes somtime great otherwhiles small chiefly in the partes musculous as in the arters thighes and legges and sometime in childrens sides vnder the skin with manifest motion Some take it bee a sharp and mordicant humor betweene the flesh and skin which in time waxeth hard like an nerue or tendon It is iugendred of a hot melancholick blood burnt phlegme sent through the veines to the exterior parrs by the vertue expultrix The signes are vehement dolor feuer harde and rounde like nerues seeming to moue in the touching as it had life the tumor is long and stretched from one ioynt to an other as from the kneâ— to the foote The cure whether it bee humor or animall vegetatiue is to foment the place with milke and camomill or medicines to appease the dolor then to giue aire eyther by canter or vissicator if it be not dolorous and tend to suppuration cure it â—s yee haue heard in Erisipelas changing alwayes your remedies according to the times of the Tumor and Humor which raigneth The thirtte sixe Chapter of the Tumor in the legges or armes called by the Greekes â—lephantiasiis particularis THIS if it be vniuersally through all the bodie it is called Leprosie if it be particular it occupieth onely one meÌ„ber which spoyleth the forme figure and disposition thereof and maketh it rough like the skinne of an Elephant for which reason it is called Elephantiasis If it occupie the skinne and not the flesh it is called Morphaea The Cause commeth from the mothers wombe and is called Maladie hereditarie or after wee are borne if from the wombe either the childe hath bene
bee done with thinges that haue little or no mordification according to the nature of the part as this take sirupe of Roses violets fumitarie wormewood honey of Roses vnguent de apio apostolorum â—uscum egiptiacum or this take Turpentine honey of Roses Iris of Florence barley flower Succi apij of ech a little and make an vnguent If there be great putrifaction the matter in great abundance vse this Rec. terebâ—nthine onc 4. vitellorum ouoâ—um onc 2. vnguenti â—giptiaci drâ—g 1. fiat mixio The wouÌ„d being mundified and voide of all superfluitie we vse for the regeneration of flesh vnguentuÌ„ aureum basilicon maius emplastrum de betoniâ—a diapalma tetra pharmacum gratia dei oleum mastichini et absinthij mixe there with a litle flower of barley lupines and orob with Thus Mirh Mastick and Aloes Sometime we vse in these sortes of woundes a certaine drinke called potion vulnerar wherewith wee wash the wound and is thus made Rec. consolidae maioris et mediae serpentariae linguae canis ceruinae herbae Roberti glycirizâ— pimpinellae artemisiae scabiosae plantaginis aristolochiae agrimoniae betonicae pedis columbini capilli veneris ceut anreae maioris et minoris gaiaci sâ—lsâ—parâ—lle millefolij baccharum lauri of which all or some make a decoction in water and aromatize it with cinamond honey or sugar drinke of it twise or thrise a day as it is needefull and also thou maist wash the wound putting thereto a little honey of roses or sirupe of roses The wound being filled with flesh it must be dried with medicaments epupoloticks which by their astriction and drying do harden the flesh and make a substance like to skin as vnguentum desiccatiuum rubeuÌ„ diapompholigos album rasis dia calcitâ—â—s triapharmacuÌ„ cerussâ— de minio mixing therewith galbanum acasia sarcocolla pluÌ„bum et es vstum vitriolum allumen calxlota and such like The fift intention is in correcting the accidents which are diuers and great for some come by accideÌ„t or some sharp feeling of the part hâ—rt as dolor inflamatioÌ„ conuulsion feuer and such like some come through violence of the buÌ„llet as extinction of the naturall heate of the part hemoragie dilaceration contusion of the nerues fractures of the bones some by the ignorance of the Chirurgian for the which cause he must be diligent to stop such accidents if they happen to help them with speede The sixt Chapter of woundâ—s in the veines and Arters HAuing spoken sufficiently of woundes in the fleshe in like manner you shall heare of them in the veines and arters one or moe without with losse of substaÌ„ce which are accompanyed with flux of blood which coÌ„meth wheÌ„ there orifice is open and is done by incision imbecilitie of the veines abundance of blood or some sharp qualitie when their tunicks are deuided contused and pearced or else wheÌ„ the blood goeth through the veins as the sweate through the skin the tunickes and membranes are deuyded by some externall cause as contusioÌ„ ryding shooting falles in diuers manners The signes are these if the flâ—xe be of the arter or veine of the arter the bloode commeth leaping out subtilly red and hot If it be more grosse black and thick and not leaping it proceedeth of the veines as sayth Auiâ—en The Iudgments are if the blood come out in great abundance it is dangerous chiefly when there is eyther conuulsion belching or rauing if it be not stayed it causeth death because it is the treasure of life As for the Cure there are two intentions the first to stay the blood the second to conglutinat the wounde the blood is stayed by filling vp the wound with drie lint and aboue it an astringent or cloth wet in vineger if that stay it not remoue the lint often wet it in vineger which staunceth it much for these thinges cold and mordicant stay flux of blood in the wounds or make this medicament of bolarmenie sanguinis draconis thuris aloes of each like quantitie mixe them with the white af an egge and the haires of an olde hare cut small thereafter binde it reasonable straight wetting the bands clothes all about it in oxycrate touch it not in foure dayes in touching remoue all very softly if it flick to humect it with oyle whites of eggs or wine Some to stay blood put these pouder in the whund wich I haue somtime vsed viz. maÌ„s blud dried with burnt cloth wherwith thou shalâ— fill the wouÌ„d full some apply veÌ„touses frictioÌ„s ligators on the parts opposite some hold their thumbe long on the mouth of the veine which is a good remedie for the blood coÌ„gealeth in the veine so stanceth If for al these remedies it stanceth not we apply on the veine or arter a little linâ— wet in vineger with a little pouder of vitriol otherwise wee knit them as was taught in the Chapter of Aneâ—â—risme if that cannot be done we canterize theÌ„ with hot IroÌ„s taking heede to touch the parts neâ—â—ous Shelander counselleth the gum lemnium soddeÌ„ Rennish wine which hath many vertues for it digesteth mundifieth incarnateth is good in wounds of the head as saith Matheolus If none of these staunch flux of blood it is dangerous if it be in the matrix intestins or bladder it shal be stayed by iniections of iuyce of plantine and such like the blood being stayed the wound is healed as others hauing regard to the part for as the veine is more drie than the flesh and more soft than the arter so it must haue contrarie remedies in like manner the wound in the arter is harder to be healed than that in the veine Sometime there coÌ„meth such flux of blood at the nose that it is hard to staunch for the which take an ounce of boll the barke of Pomegarnet tree balaust and galles of each 3. drammes seede of white Poppie 2. drammes incorporat altogether with the white of an egge and vineger and apply on the temples and nose if by this the violent flux doe not stay take foure graines of my requies which infallibly stayeth all fluxes The seauenth Chapter of wounds in the nerues and parts Neruous CVttes and thrustes in the nerues chaunce in diuers parts of our body and in diuers maners according to the instrument it is done with some are simple others composed superficiall profound according to the diuersitie of the which we must diuersifie the remedie The causes ye haue heard in the generall Chapter The signes are knowne by offending of the mouing feeling and by the vehemeÌ„t dolor which causeth fluxion feuer spasme rauing inflamatioÌ„ fluxioÌ„ on the nerues The iudgments are that all wouÌ„ds in parts neruous are daÌ„gerous for the great coÌ„munication they haue with the braines and the nerue halfe cut is more dangerous and dolorous than if it were all cut which if so be the action of
to the accidents Parey telleth of a man from whome hee drewe 100. sauceâ—s of bloode in Foure dayes who thereby was cured and otherwise hadde dyed Shaue the heade and applye Cataplasmes of Flower of Beanes and Oxymell with the Oyle of Roses and suche lyke that are somewhat cold and humide vse frictions and ligators on the extremities ventouses on the shoulders sometime to open the veine puppis ftontis sub lingua and the arter on the temples Abstaine in the sicknes and long after from women and perturbations of the minde The pâ—rticular is thus first we consider if the bone be broken that must be trepained roÌ„ged or lifted for the doing wherof the place must first be incisâ—d as ye haue heard yet it is not needfull to trepaune in all fractions and cleftes for sometime the first table is offended yet not penetrating to the diploy otherwhiles the duploy conâ—used the secoÌ„d table whole somtime the broken bone is a litle lifted so that the matter contained hath place to paâ—â—e and therfore it is not nedefull to trepan If any pece of bone the dura mater it must be drawn by fit instruments the trepan is good wheÌ„ the clefts in the are so litle that the matter caÌ„not euacuat yet it is not mete to trepanne in all fractures as ye haue heard noâ— to discouer the brains without necessity good iudgmeÌ„t so that the yoÌ„g Chirurgian may not so hastily as in times past trepan for euery simple fracture I wil shew wheÌ„ trepaning shold be vsed for what cause in what places also the way to trepan well First the ChirurgiaÌ„ shall well consider the stroke Simptomes if it be litle the veins betwixt the 〈◊〉 tables oâ— those that hold vp the dura mater with the â—rane be offeÌ„ded the blood fallen on the membrane then the trepan must be vsed to withdraw that matter which other wise wold cause death somtime it must be vsed for the out taking of the litle bones that pâ—ick the meÌ„brane also that more coÌ„modiously we may apply our remedies In al these things Hipp. couÌ„selleth to trepan When the fracture is inthe first table we vse the trepan exfoliatiue to giue issue to the blood which is betwixt the tables The time we shold trepan is 2. or 3. daies at the furthest after the hurt long delay causeth defluxion of humors on the dura mater which putrifieth causeth inflammation so incoÌ„tinent after we haue perceiued the offence of the crane and that the membranes suffer which is knowne by the sond or finger we should trepanne in the beginning yet sometime stay till the 7.10 or 14. day which is dangerous for which cause bee aduised in iudging therein Then wee must know what places may indure the trepanne which not for to auoid diuers accidents considering first if the boane be broken and separated in diuers pieces which if it be the pieces must bee lifted by fitte instruments and not by the trepan In like maÌ„ner we must not trepan on the fractures for that cutteth the veines arters filamentes which passe betwixt the pericrane and dura mater and cause great dolor and hemoragie of bloud for the which cause if occasion constraine vs to trepanne in those partes we applie the trepan on both sides of the future for the auoiding of the foresaid accidents as also for euacuation of the humor contayned The Trepan in like sort must not be applied on the open of the head in young children being yet soft and not solide nor on the temples for the muscles temporal where there is abundance of arters membranes nerues whereof commeth great fluxe of bâ—oud feuer conuulsion with other euill accidentes yet if fracture doth chaunce in those partes we apply the trepan a little aboue the saide muscle temporall Wee must not trepanne on the boane petrosa which is vnder the saide muscle nor on the boane of the eies because there is great cauitie full of ayre and humiditie ordayned by nature to prepare the ayre that goeth to the braines And these are the places which we should eschew in applying the trepan yet I haue seene some trepanned in these places and heale but noâ— without great hazard The way to trepanne is thus First scituate the head of the hurt in good scituation and holden by some body that it doe not wagge close his eares with cotton haue a good fire least the colde ayre enter on the membranes which may make putrefaction then the Trepan perforatiue shall be applyed to make a hole for the pyramide of the great Trepan next apply the whole Trepan with the pyramide turning it about softly till thou hast made a way with the teeth of the Trepan then take out the pyramide otherwise it shall passe offend the membranes continue in turning softly the Trepan sometime to lift it to put off the sawinges of the bone and when thou art at the duploy which shall be perceyued by the outcoÌ„ming of the bloud you shall consider if it be needefull to passe further as yee haue heard take good heede in trepanning of the second table lifting oft the Trepan and sounding if it be neere cut if it be more cutte on the one side then the other presse the Trepan on the thickest part and in this take good heede for often in cutting the one before the other thou scratcheâ—t the dura mater which causeth inflamation and death being almost cutte assay with the eleuator to draw it without violence if there be much of the sawinges on the dura mater take them out This I thought good to aduertise the young Chirurgian touching this operation which being done thou perceiuest if the membrane be inflamed oâ— in any wise altered as oft happeneth and is most daungerous for which we giue clysters drawe bloud and vse fomentations on the place of anodins and repercussiues If there bee alteration make a medicin of honney of roses syrrupe of wormewood aquauitae with a little aloes and myrrhe some adde to it a little white wine If there bee great putrefaction put thereto a little Egiptiac if there be neither inflamation nor alteration it shall suffice onely a little aquauitae with honey of roses so continuing till the membranes be mundified applying alwayes the medicinâ— hotte and cure it afterwardes as othâ—r woundes Vse alwayes aswell in this as all woundes of the head the emplaister veneticum prescribed in the poore mans guide and also the emplaister of betonica or diacalciâ—â—os malaxed with wine There is great iudgement to be vsed in doing this operation and fewe there are founde that doe it well Many I haue seene of verye learned and expert men and heard of diuers to my great ioy comfort among which Gilbert Primrose and Iohn Nessmith Chirurgians to the King of Scotland men very expert in this operation like as in all operations chirurgicals God increase the number of such learned men in this
other as saith Auicen therfore I vse alwaies to wommen a tablet cordiall or else they eate some-what afore The thirde is called Sciatica situated aboue the anckle is opened athwart as ye haue heard good for sciaticks dolors in the thighes and anckles The fourth is called Medium or renall and is situated vnder the bending of the foote and is opened for such maladies as the other Some say that aboue euery knee about three fingers there are two great veines which Arabes call Salsores and say if the â—â—ick be bled in them he dyeth presently anh Galen is not of their opinion Thinges which are to bee considered to bleede well FIrst the Chirurgian must be in a light place either naturally or with candle also his owne sight should be good as sayth Haly Abbas and must haue a ligator that goeth twise about the arme an inch broad also hee must haue a tound staffe to hold in his hands in like maner a litle oyle to rub on the veine to make it souple also annoint the lancet with sallet oyle before the blood which will appease the paine he must haue diuers lancets of the which some are large some round pointed when the paine is superficiall also when neede is to make a good issue and euacuation which we vse in putride feuers and when the blood is thick and the sick strong some must be long sharp pointed to open when the veines are deepe and hidden as also to make little issues in small superficiall veines when neede is to make deriuation as if the person spit blood or bleede at the nose The issue you make must bleede long to diuert it we make the issue little in people that are out of their wits that the issue may be soone consolide by reason that such people lose the bandage and oft blod much The incision must be made one of 3 waies to wit in leÌ„gth breadth oblique making alwaies an incisioÌ„ in midst of the veine not cutting it altogether which if it be the blood coÌ„meth not wel but alongst the arme and the extremity of the veines retireth one from another Then let him make the issue as it should be cause the blood come well out rub first the arme thou woldest blod geÌ„tly with a hot cloth or thy hand theÌ„ knit it with thy legature a little aboue the elbow let the binding be steady show it selfe the better then the sick party shall close his hand that the veines may shew the better thereafter if it be the right arme the Chirurgian shall take it with left hand neare to the part where he intendeth to make the issue holding his thomb on the veine that it stirre not for oftentimes it rolleth and slydeth from the launcet sometime it yeildeth being full of wynd This being done he shall marke the place with the formost finger of the right hand making a little marke with his naile on the verine then he shall take the launcet betwixt the thomb the formost finger in the midst of it and to the end that he tremble not he shall leaue the other three fingers on the arme and leaue the finger and thomb that holdeth the lancet on the left thomb which holdeth the veine then open the veine softly slyding the poynt of it in the veine not suddenly if the vaine be not opened at the first time prick suddenly againe a little aboue or vnder the first ye may do the same if the hole be not great enough to let out the blood in a reasonable quantity The veine opened in that manner the party shall hold the staffe in his hand that he may rest his hand the blood come out the better Hauing drawen such quaÌ„tity of blood as the cause requireth He shall presse out that which remayneth if there come out any fat as oft happeneth in grosse people thou shalt put it in agayne that done put a pece of câ—oth in 3 or 4 fingers double on the wound and wet it in water bynd the arme with a band of an inch broad that goeth 3 or 4 times about the arme winding it about aboue the elbow and vnder that it neyther be too straight nor too slack If the veins be small blood theÌ„ after meate rather than before for theÌ„ they are more full of blood doe not eat nor drink of an hower after Thinges to bee considered after the veine is opened OFtentimes chanceth after the veine is wel opened that the blood commeth well forth and afterwards suddeÌ„ly doth cease hapneth through too straight ligature saith Auerrois or else for an appreheÌ„sion somtime through wrong euill situatioÌ„ of the arme in these points ye must slack the ligature comfort the party situat the arme right somtime the cause is in the thicknes grossnes of the blod for the which rub the place incised with a litle oyle If the party be weake which shal be knowne by the changing his coulor and the blood running alongst the arme in this yee shall loose the legature close the wound lay the sick on his back cast water in his face vineger to smell to giue him a little wine within a while after loose the band and let him blede till yee haue got such quantitie of blood as shal bee requisite stirre not nor labour thy arme that carrie it in figure triangulare sleepe not two howers after Let the blood stand to know the nature of it for in our bodie there are diuers sorts very vatiable accordinh to the diuersitie of the age the complexion country kinde of the sicknes and partes of the bodie Wee shall iudge the nature and qualitie of the blood three waies first by coulor by the tast and substance As for the color good naturall blood should be red sweete as phlegme naturall and meâ—ne substance when it congealeth not it is a signe that some of the other humors are with it when it is redde cleare and gluttering it signifieth abundaÌ„ce of choller wheÌ„ it is blackish abundance of melancholy naturall or adust which stoppeth it to congeale the fatnes of the blood keepeth it also from congealing Of Arteriotemie or in incision of the Arter LIke as for diuers maladies we blud the veines so we do in some arters Arteriotomia is a detractioÌ„ of blood by the diuisioÌ„ of the arter which was not vsed by our auntieÌ„ts saue onely Menodotus but is greatly in vse now chiefly those in the teÌ„ples behind the eares for great fluxion of of catarrs on the eies brest maladies of the head ingeÌ„dred of a hot fluxion inueterated vaparous spirrits as are coÌ„tained in these arters In opening them first I shaue the haire rub the part the necke with a napkin as the veine making a little incision in the bodye of the arter as in the veine not cutting it altogether draw such quaÌ„tity of blod as is needefull then stay it and put on the wound
for example if the choller domaine amongst the bloud more then the rest of the humors the tumor shal be called phlegmonerisipelatus and in like manner in the rest as phlegmon edematus or schirrus so Galen saith that the humors are seldome found alone but mixed together The cause is triple primitiue antecedent and coniunct The primitiues are externall and first motiues as great vsage of meates which ingender much bloud also all those thinges which may moue the humors and prouoke fluxion falles strokes breaking of the bones contusion heate excessiue labour and such like The antecedant cause â— great superfluitie and aboundance of bloud offending either in quantitie qualitie or both intemperie euill confirmation and dolor of the part The cause coniunct or continent is the bloud or matter affixed in the affliged parte The signes are inflamation rednes hardnes feuer dolor and pulsation chiefly it being in maturitie The iudgementes the small ones doe often resolue the great ones doe often apostume sometiâ—e degender into great sickenesses according to the euill disposition of the bodie and partes where it chaunceth as mortification and schirre Sometime it returneth to the place it came froÌ„ as in the emunctoires of the noble parts As for the curation it shall be reduced to foure pointes according to Fâ—chius and Togatius the first in good diet of life secondly in staying the humour that floweth to the place thirdly in euacuating that which is in the place fourthly in correcting the accidents which often chaunce as saith Galen As touching the first which is good diet as saith Galen it shall be obserued in sixe thinges not naturals which shall be colde contrarie to the humor which is hotte sometime it shall be colde and humide and if it be with feuer the humor that floweth shall be diuerted by taking away the cause as repletion of the euill humors by bleeding purgations and also by strengthening the parte if it be debille also by frictions ventouseing and binding The humor shall be euacuated in diuers wayes according to the degrees of the apostumes as in the beginning we must vse repercussiues as whites of egges oxycrate rose and plantaine waters cataplasmes of bol armenie terra figillata barke of pomegranate henbane oyle of roses vnguent of roses album rasis diacalcitios or populeon For the augmentation which is the second degree we vse repercussiues and resolutiues like as mallowes plantaine roses wormewood barley flowre oyle of camomill oxicrate pouder of roses and mirtle sodden wine called sapa rose water vinegre saffron of which things you may make cataplasmes liniments fomentations as you shall finde expedient In the vigor we vse repercussiues and resolutiues in like force like as mallowes parietarie althea rosted vnder the ashes oyle of roses camomilli with a little beane flowre In the declination we vse only resolutiues Auicen counselleth to soften a little which shall be done with fomentations of althea origan lyne seede fenigrec flowers of camomill roses which thinges shall all be sodden in white wine mingled with a little barley meale and hony vnguent of aragon martiatum or agrippa de althea de melilâ—to or diachilon paruum We correct the accidents which is the fourth point as dolor which must be appeased by all meanes for the great accidents which often doe ensue For the which we vse oyle of roses waxe and wine sodden together as counselleth Galen Also cataplasmes of white bread and milke water oyle of roses violettes or camomill or annise seede or sweete almondes yolkes of egges with a little saffron in like manner the flowers of mallowes camomill and mellilot sodden in wine putting thereto a little barley flowre and goose grease lyne seede also vnguentes of roses and populeon If these thinges be not sufficient we take the leaues of henbane poppie rosted vnder the ashes and tempered with the iuice of sorrell and housleeke put to it a little hennes grease and saffron If the matter take the course inwrdly to some noble parte wee remedie it by application of ventouses cornettes frictions straight ligatures and such like If the matter com to a dispositioÌ„ schirrus we must vse medicameÌ„ts that soften digest as ye shall heare in the Chapter of schir If â—t tend to putrifaction it shal be helped by deepe scarifications cataplasmes made of beane flower soddeÌ„ in vineger and honye and such other remedies as ye shall heare in the Chapter of Gangren Oftentimes this tumor tendeth to suppuration which we knowe as sayth Paulus by the great swelling and rednes of the place eminent great heate dolor pulsation and feuer and such like those thinges being perceiued we passe from resolutiues to suppiâ—atiues as to foment the place first with hot water or oyle also with honie and water called Hydreleon making a cataplasme with wheate flower sodden in Hydrelâ—on putting to it a little fresh butter Calues greace Henns or Goose Also you may make a suppuratiue of Lillie roots Sorrell Parretarie and Mallowes sodden in Hydrelion put thereto a litle flower of Fenegreck Lyu-seede oyle of Lillies with a little sower leauen after it is taken of the fier put to it twoo yolkes of Egges this sort of remedie appeaseth well rhe dolor for the same effect we vse the emplaster called Dilachilon magnum or Basilicon The suppuration made we know by the diminution of the accidents and the tumor which is pointed also with pressing on it with the two thumbes we find it soft with great innundation Then if it open not shortly of it selfe it must be done by a ruptor or lancet otherwise it waxeth hollow and putrifieth within In the opening of it there are three tules to be obserued as yee haue heard in the generall Chapter Here we must obserue that the incision be made in the inferior part the matter must not be euacuated at one tyme make the incision the length eschewing nerues sinewes veines and arters and not by the breadth as sayth Auicen When it is opened we vse the yolke of an egge with a litle Turpintine oyle of Roses for a certain space therafter hony of Roses or sirupe of Roses mundificatiue de apio apostolorum or my mundificatiue set down in the poore mans guide or any other thing that munifieth sometime we adde a little egiptiac specially to those which withstand the former remedies the vlcer cleansed wee mixe with a little Turpintine and Honye some pouder of Irish aloes and thus or some little aureum with these pouders thereafter the emplaster of Diacalciteos or red desiccatiue and such like so the vlcer healeth The third Chapter of the tumor Feruncle or Dothine which proceedeth of Phlegmon WE haue spoken in the generall Chapter of diuers tumors which come of the sanguine humor as Phigethton Phinia and diuers others but by reason they may be cured by the generall râ—râ— of Phlegmon we let them passe and speake of the rest beginning
Mercurie egiptiac or such like thereafter incarnate and close the wound as in others Some vse only resolutiues on these tumors but such things are both tedious and vncertaine The twelfth Chapter of tumors ingendred of the Melancholick humor called by the Latins atra bilis or nigra cholera and first of Schirre SEing we haue suffitiently spoken of tumors ingendered of the sanguine chollerick and pituitous humor now it resteth to speake of those which proceede of melancholy called tumor Schirrus by reason the Greeke word Schirr signifieth hardnes Schirre is a tumor hard with litle or no dolor or feeling whereof there are two kindes the one is called the true Schirre exquisite the other is falles The true is as ye haue head the false is altogether without feeling yet hardly may it bee perceiued There is an other sort of Schirre ingendred of a phlegmaÌ„tick thick tough matter and is composed of an humor thick and cold The cause is a cold drie humor either of matter melancholick phlegmatick or both for first when the blood is made in the liuer there is ingendred in it a malancholicke humor which is like the dreggs of wine which afterwards is drawen to the milt for the nouriture thereof specially by the vsage of such meates as are apt to make the same and the milt weake to draw the same then it goeth into the veines and is mingled with the blood which by there vertue expuitrix expell it by the Hemorrhoides or varices sometime disperseth it through the skin and breedeth the Morphew or Leprosie Sometime it is caste on the most weake partes and according to the place and qualities of the humor breedeth eyther Schirre or Cancer If it bee cast on any drie part as ligamentes tendons ioyntes ends of the muscles or in the milt kidneis lyuer or matrix it causeth Schir If it bee cast on the softe partes as partes glandules as the pappes the emunctoires and face and the priuie partes it maketh cancer The cause also maye bee sadnesse suppression of the Hemorrhoides and menstruous purgations also by too much applying of cold medicines on tumors as erisipelas or phlegmon for by that meanes the most subtill doth resolue and the rest doth become hard The signes are these the tumor is hard and groweth slowly of colour liuide when it commeth of melancholie when of phlegme it is white and when of both humors together it is of a mixed colour as liuide and white and insensible because the humor is so thicke and drie which closeth the conduites of the nerues so that the animall spirite is inclosed in such sort that the part hath no feeling Those which haue no feeling are altogether incureable those that haue any feeling if they be taken in the beginning may be helped in some sort but hardly those which come to suppuration degendreth easily into schirre The Cure consisteth in three thinges first in diet tending to heat and humiditie abstayning from anger sadnesse feare and venerian exercise the second point consisteth in euacuating the matter antecedent by purgations bleeding by prouocation of the flowers hemerhoides the third point is to euacuate that which is contayned in the place which is done by things remollientes and resoluentes like as the grease of hennes cockes calues or geese also guÌ„me armoniac stirax galbanum rootes of althea lillies camomill of these we make liniments and cataplasmes also the emplaister of Diachilon magnum et album de vigo with double mercurie Galen commendeth goates dirt to bee an excellent remedie to discusse tumors schirrous Sometimes it happeneth in the tendons and then it is healed by perfumes made thus Take the stone called pyrâ—â—es or any other stone that is red hotte and quench it in strong vineger and then receiue the smoake on the sore part then apply remollientes sometime after the perfume the guÌ„me ammoniac dissolued in vineger is good and must be vsed with great discretion If none of these serue and it tende to suppuration we must not vse too hotte remedies to stirre it by reasoÌ„ it degendreth easily into Cancer for the which haue recourse to the next Chapter In some partes it may bee cut so yee cut all and leaue nothing adherent to the whole partes nor no roote of it For the great fluxe of bloud which happhneth either knit the veines or staunch it with canters actuall the which is dangerous when it occupieth the internall partes for the which Hippocrates forbiddes to seeke the exquisite cure of the occult Cancers The thirteenth Chapter of Cancer which the Greekes call Carsimonia VVE must vnderstand that Cancer is comprehended vnder the tumor Schirrous yet there is great difference for in Cancer there is great dolor punction and pulsation which is not in schirre it groweth sooner and hath great veines about it Cancer in Latine is the sore of a beast Guido saith it is called Cancer either by reason it sticketh to the parte like the fish Cancer or because it is round and hath veines about it like the feete of a Crabbe and is also like vnto it being liuide of colour as also because it gnaweth eateth and goeth like this fish It is a tumor inequall hauing the sides hard eminent turned and dolorous There are two kindes of it vlcered and not vlcered the vlcered is immobill hot by accident hauing many veines about it like the feete of Cancer the not vlcered is called Cancer occult The cause of it is a melancholicke humor drie not onely in the part as schirre but also in the veines about it the which by continuation of time maketh it more sharpe and maligne whereof commeth Cancer vlcered also euill diet vsing of thinges that breed thicke corrupted bloud with other such causes as ye haue heard in the precedent Chapter the debilitie of the milte and weakenes of the part These tumors for the most part are ingendred in womens pappes chiefly in those who haue great very fleshie pappes by reason they are glandulous and colde of themselues they breede also in the conduites of women lippes nose eyes eares roofe of the mouth legges handes and fundament by reason those partes are weake haue little naturall heate The signes are dolor tumor and they seeme soft but in touching are hard the vlcers inequal sordides the sides swelled horrible to looke on pale coloured euill sauoured by reason of the humor which is most sordide and stinking As for the iudgement those in the stomacke head shoulders necke and vnder the armes are all incureable because these places can not be cut for the great fluxe of bloud which may happen in them Some are little vlcered some much some recent others inueterate some in one parte and some in another some more maligne then others and for the most part are incureable It hath diuers denominations according
most part in the dry neruous parts but chiefly on the head and ioyntes on the hands feete The causes are strokes and wearines of the ioynts such other as ye haue heard in Aâ—â—â—roma as also the signes The cure first consisteth in good diet eschewing al meates which ingender grosse humors eate of things of good digestion abstaine from drinking of water purge bleede haunt no humide place as for the pâ—rticular remedies we must vnderstand that this humor is sometime inclosed in the membraine in that procede as in Aâ—â—â—â—oma sometime it is not inclosed and theÌ„ we may applye a cake of leade rubbed with quicksiluer or an emplaster resolutine made of galbanum ammoniac oyle of lillies and bayes brimstone virioll roman calcined Sometimes it is with corruption of the bone in that case the humor must be euacuated and the exfoliatioÌ„ of bone procured as ye shal heare in the chapter of vlcers with corruptioÌ„ of the bone For diuers other diseases of the head haue your recourse to heurnius demorbis capitis The third Chapter of the tumor in the eye called Lippitudo and Opthalmia in Greeke OPthalmia is an inflamatioÌ„ of the whole eye but chiefly of the membraine called coniunctiue with great rednes dolor The cause is either externall or internall the externall as strokes heate dust winde great cold rubbing or some moate in the eye the internall â—ause is defluxion of the humors being nere to the braines as also the veins externe interne of the head wherof procedeth fluxioÌ„ also the sanguine humor chollerick or phlegmatick which asceÌ„deth to the head The signs are manifest like as great inflamatioÌ„ rednes heat of the eies teÌ„ples dolor repletioÌ„ of the veins hardnes this sicknes hath 4. degrees like as other tumors hapneth ofteÌ„ to yoÌ„g childreÌ„ others who haue weake eies which is the cause that they are subiect to the fluxioÌ„ of humors The iudgmeÌ„ts are the matter of this is somtime hot otherwhiles cold and those which happeÌ„ in winter are the worse theÌ„ those which happeÌ„ in SoÌ„mer if they be neglected euill handled there follow euill accideÌ„ts as spots rupture of the cornea and diuers others If the dolor be vehement it is daÌ„gerous for corruptioÌ„ corrosion of the cornea As for the curatioÌ„ there are 3. things to be obserued the first is good diet eate litle chiefly at night abstaine froÌ„ al vaporous things al euil digestioÌ„ fishes fruits spices salt humide things abide neither in great darknes nor too much light for great light dissipeth the spirit sometime causeth blindnes as we read of the soldiors of Xenophanes who through going long in the snow became almost al blind Also Dioniâ—â—â—s tiraÌ„t of Sicil made blind his prisoÌ„ers after this sort first he imprisoÌ„ed theÌ„ long in a very dark place theÌ„ he brought them suddeÌ„ly into a great light so made theÌ„ all blind All colors are not expedieÌ„t for the sight the white dissipeth the spirits draweth them to it the black maketh them too dul there is nâ— color that coÌ„forteth the sight but grene blew violet which nature sheweth vs in the compositioÌ„ of the eye for the tunic vâ—e a sheweth the greene blewe of the part that looketh to the humor custalline Endeuor to be laxatiue walke not too much beware of al perturbâ—ons of the spirit from smoake and dust and blowing of Alchymie for both it hurteth the eye and consumeth the substance maketh men miserable both in bodie and goods hold vp thy head and abstayne from wine and women and such like as yee may perceiue by these verses of the learned Gordoniu Haec occulis multum sol puluis fumus et aestus Ventus cum fletu vina Venusque nocent Acria ne mandas nec quae sunt plena vaporum Nec caepas lentes allia poâ—ra fabas The second intention consisteth in euacuating diuerting the humor by pilles clisters bleeding of the veine Cephalicke ventouseing on the shoulders frictions on the thighes legges and extremities also by opening the veine and arters of the temples The third intention is in the topicall remedies as collyrs of diuers sorts according to the diuorsitie of the degree and time of the apostume as in the beginning of the inflamation take plantaine and rose water of each halfe an ounce two whites of egges and a little fennell water womens milke the muâ—ilages of hipsileon with a little trochistes of rasis sine opio a litilt caiphure put of thiis in the eye and at night make a cataplasme of an apple rosted and lay on the eye or this remedie which I haue often prooued not onely in the opthalmie but diuers other maladies of the eyes Take two ounces of white wine as much rose water and euphrage halfe a crownes waight of Tutie prepared as much of aloes 3. or 4. leaues of Massi put all in a violl and stoppe it close set it three weckes in the sunne instill thereof in the eyes In the meane time vse emplaisters on the temples of mastick de bolo et contra rupturam and such like to stay the fluxion For the great dolor vse the roasted apple with a little womens milk or a little plantaine water put betweene two clothes likewise for the vehement dolor the bloud of a pigeon or henne vnder the winges instilled is verie good there are diuers other remedies whereof we shall intreat more at length in the poore mans guide like as also of Egilops and Enchilops with diuers other maladi-s of the eyes The fourth Chapter of the tumors in the eares THere come many grieuous diseases in the eares sometime outwardly and sometime inwardly occupying sometime the whole eare sometime a part thereof The cause is an hotte humor and biting descending from the nerues of the fift coniugation with the dura mater dispersed in the conduite of the eare sometime a vaporous spirite cold thicke humor which maketh difficultie of hearing and sometime deafenes The Signes are manifest The iudgementes young people are more grieuously tormented then olde and die often afore it come to suppuration and that within 7. dayes by reason of the great accidents as feuer lightnesse sounding In old folkes it commeth oft to suppuration yet the dolor is verie vehement by reason of the nerue of the fift coniugation also for the membranes and propinquitie of the braines nature hath giuen it an exquisite feeling The cure consisteth in remedies vniuersall and particular vniuersall as good dyet abstayning from wine and all strong drinke and fumie bleeding of the veine Cephalicke and vsing of clysters or some gentle medicines according to the humor as ye haue heard in Opthalmi As for particular remedies they differ not much from others except that we vse no repercussiues abstayne from all cold remedies by reason of
Scotland who is most skilfull in our Arte. The thirteenth Chapter of the tumor in the necke called Bruncoceli or Hernia gutturis THis Tumor which the Greekes call Broncon is rounde great ingendred of the humor Phlegmaticke betwix the trachearter and the skinne sometime occupying the most parte of the necke of the which there are diuers kindes according to the matter contained therein sometime like atâ—â—râ—ma other whiles like aâ—enfrisma The cause is not different from those that it is like vnto yet some are external some internal as coldayre drinking of euill water as those who dwell in Piemont who are much subiect because the most parte of their drinke is melted snowe also the retention of the purgations in women and great aboundance of the humor melancholicke The Signes are most euident to the sight The Iudgementes are that those that come by nature are incureable and those which are like aâ—eâ—frisma must not be touched those that are verie great aocompanied with veines are very dangerous in no wise to be touched those that are tractable must be opened by canter or lancet eschewing alwayes the veines The cure is like vnto atâ—â—râ—ma in the beginning it is good to apply a cake of leade rubbed with quicke siluer or the emplaister de vigo with mercurie and rubbing it with thy hand till it grow redde and vse things to prouoke spitting for the which it shall be expedient to vse fiue or sixe graines of the arabicke pouder in the meane time vse good dyet and thinges to cause loosenes of the bellie bleede in both armes if the maladie requireth Ye shall heare of this at more length in the Treatise of childe-birth by reason sometime it happeneth in time of trauailing The fourtenth Chapter of the tumor called Aneâ—â—risma ANeâ—â—isme is an tumor sofr to the touch the which is ingendred of bloode and spirrit vnder the skin and muscles which happeneth in diuers partes of the bodye chiefly in the neck for which cause we speake of it in this place The cause is eyther dilatation incision or ruption of the arter which often chaunceh to women in the time of their birth to water men and others who vse violent labour through crying or greate violence which dilateth the arter The signes are this tumor in pressing on it with thy finger thou shalt feele great pulsasion and the tumor of the same coulor as the rest of the skin it is soft in touch and yeildeth to the finger by reason the spirrit retireth into the arter and hauing taken away the finger it doth returne presently and in returning making a noyse by reason of the blood and spirit which returneth at a litle incision this happeneth when the Aneâ—frisme is done by Anâ—stomis that is being opened and cut When the arier is riuen as happeneth in women and those of great exercise there issueth foorth more abundance of blood thaÌ„ spirrit and is more harde than the other and maketh lesse noyse in retiring Those which are superficiall in the exterior partes as the head legges and armes may bee knit and are cureable those which are profunde and interior as in the brest as of happenth to those who sweate excessiuely of the Venerian sicknes also those in the neck vnder the armes and flanckes and where there is great dilatation of great arters are not cureable but death ensueth in few dayes If the tumor be opened the patient dieth presentlye this happeneth oftentimes by the vnskilfulnes of the Barbors and Apothecaries that meddle therewith and ruine a number of people through their ignorance as I haue often seene for such people esteeme all tumors that are soft to be opened as common Aposthumes In Paris 1590. there happened such a disease to one called Captane Tayle who was one of the chiefest Captaines amongst the Spaniardes on the right side of his neck for the which I as Chirurgian ordinarie to the regiment was sent for found that it should not be touched of which opinioÌ„ was also my companyon Andrew Scot a man verye expert in his art who was at that time in great practise at Paris and now ChirurgiaÌ„ to the King of Scotland I ordained remedies to let the encreasing of it which receipt of mine being sent to the Apothecarie he thought it not meete medicine for an aposthume as he termed it he sent for his brother the glorious Barbor who seing the Captaine found no difficultie but sware with great othes that he had charmes for al sotes and the Apothecarie sware that hee had salues for al sores so preseÌ„tly opened it with a lancet ro auoide the matter as they thought which being the spirrit bold came forth with such violence that the Captaine died preseÌ„tly I doubt not but that in these countries there be many such things coÌ„mitted by such ignoraÌ„ts so destroy many people I vse alwayes in such chiefly in the neck vnder the arms and in the paps these remedies that I prescribed to the Spaniard that is first to draw blod in both the arms next to apply on the sore cerat Galen or de bolo or this Ree pulueris suhtilissimi boli armenici sanguinis draconis myrtiloruÌ„ lapidis calaminarii in aceto extincti absinthei an vnc 1. cum cerato refrigeraÌ„tis Galeni quantuÌ„ sufficit fiat vnguentuÌ„ siue magdaleon For the same effect I vse a cake of lead rubbed with quicksiluer these things will hinder the growing for a time although it be nere the noble parts If it be in the extremities as legges or armes they may liue a long time by the vsage of the aforesaid remedies I knew a womaÌ„ in Paris who had one very gret in her thigh liued 10. yeres if it be litle and superficial I find no better thaÌ„ cataplasme made of claret wine with the crops leaues of cypres which I haue often vsed on the arme when the arter hath been opened in stead of the veine Otherwise I knitt them after this forme first I incise the skin long-wise next discouer the arter and being discouered I passe a needle with a double thread vnder it two inches aboue the incision or ruption of the arter and theÌ„ knitts it with a double knot voydes awaye the blood contained and cureth the wound according to the estate it is in The fiftenth chapter of tumors or aposthumes in the paps THe papps which are part is glandulous ordained by nature partly for the decoration of women and partly to be answerable to the 2. chaÌ„bers of the matrix are ordained for the generation of milk are subiect to diuers diseases as other parts of like substance here we wil only intreat of the aposthume which hapneth in them The cause is such as ye haue heard in other aposthumes and the retensioÌ„ of the purgations also abundaÌ„ce of thick and knotty milk The signes are such as ye haue
time nature ingendreth a certaine peice of flesh in the hole of descent The twentie sixe Chapter of the rupture Zirball called Epipâ—cele EPipocele is a descent of the caule in the codde or flanck the Cause is not different from the precedent accompanied with aboundance of humidities in these partes the Signes are like the precedent sauing that it is softer and vneasie to reduce not dolorous The Cure must bee like to the intestine in all cutting the production that falleth knitte canterize it to let the fluxe of bloud of the veines and arters whereof commeth great danger if it be reduced and yet bleedeth it causeth fluxe of the bellie and often death The twentie seuen Chapter of the waterie Herne called Hydrocele or Hernia aquosa THE waterie Herne is a Tumor in the coddes which groweth by little and little sometime to great bignesse and is contayned sometime in the codde otherwhiles betwixt the membranes that couer the stones called Dartos and Heretroidos sometime within them sometime it is accompanied with the guâ—te and is called Hydrointerocele The Cause is like as yee haue heard in Hydropsie and is a particular Hydropsie sometime stroakes the vesselles being riuen the bloud chaungeth into a waterie humor The Signes are the Tumor is cleare and becommeth long still in one estate not painefull heauie sometime hard and is knowne by holding the codde betwixt thee the candle and beeing inclosed in membranes it appeareth to bee a third testicle The Iudgementes some resolue oftentimes the intestine also falleth chiefely in the left side by reason of the milte which is full of colde melancholicke humor which oftentimes corrupteth the testicle As for the Cure the sicke must be purged with fitte medicines according to the nature of the humor vse meane exercises meates hotte and drie in small quantitie abstayning from drinke and keepe thy bellie loose sleepe little and prouoke vrine by diureticke thinges abstaine from all things which breed winde The particular remedies are in vsing fomentations as in Hydropsie next the astringent emplaister made of redde desiâ—catiue the vnguent Comitisse with the pouder of lapis calaminaris extinguished in vineger oaker balaust bol armenie allom mustard seede and euphors malax all together with a little oyle of camomil and lay on the sore If these remedies suffice not by reason of the great quantitie of the water we put a Seton through the lowest part â—f the codde and drawe it twise euery day till the humor be euacuated If the humor be in the membranes that couer the stones make incision in the side of the codde eschewing the testicle put a tente in it and dresse it twise a day keepe it open till the humor be euacuated vse remedies anodiâ—us for to appease the dolor and â—ic catrize it as other woundes The twentie eight Chapter of the Herne windie called Physocele THis Herne is a collection of winde in the Scroton called Hernia ventosa the Cause is imbecillitie of natural heate in these partes and phlegmaticke matter with such other causes as yee haue heard in windie apostumes The Signes are the Tumor is somewhat hard light round sodainely ingendred occupying for the most part the sâ—roton and wand resisting to the touch cleare as a bladderfull of winde the wande greater in one place then in another The Iudgementes if this vapour dissip not it causeth many euilles sometime occupying the whole bodie and proceedeth often of matter venenous The Cure shall be first in good dyet as in Edema next to applie on the place thinges resolutiue and corroboratiue as yee haue heard in windie apostumes some allowe the plaister of Vigo with mercurie or diapalma malaxed with wine also the dregges of claret wine boiled with bran laid warm on the place The twentie nine Chapter of the Herne carnosa called Sarcocele THis is a Tumor in the cod sometimes in the membrans dartos and heretroidos chiefely about the stones like vnto a tumor schirrous and as it were accompanied with veines varicous The Cause is aboundance of grosse humors in these partes which doth corrupt the testicles and at last degendreth into a harde fleshie disposition The Signes are vnequall tumor hard alwayes in one estate dolorous and being touched all which is in the testicle doth moue The Iudgementes are that when it happeneth to young folke and handled in the beginning it doth some time heale but commonly it is incureable and the worst of all the eight kindes If by feeling it at the vppermost parte of the didim it seeme vnnaturall great the tumor is incureable and better it is not to touch it then to attempt any cure if ye finde the didim small there is some hope of cure For the which we must scituate the sicke as yee haue heard next make the incision in the vpper part of the cod knitte the didim and canterize it as ye haue heard in interocele If it adhere to the codde separate it and cutte off the testicle with the excrescence if after the incision there commeth inflammation and dolor let the patient bleede and rest fiue or sixe dayes as counselleth Franco and leaue the cure to giue order to the accidentes The thrrtie Chapter of the Herne varicous called Câ—rsocele THis Herne is a Tumor and dilation of the veines that nourish the testicles which are full of melancholicke bloud and also the membranes hereof The Cause is some grosse humor or melancholick bloud gathered in that part by reason of the debilitie and decliuitie of the place and heauinesse of the humor The Signes are the repletion of the veines sometime fewe in number sometime many wrapped together like a vine braunch soft in touch and returning into the bellie by pressing on the didime The iudgmentes are it is without dolor most dangerous and difficill to be cured as ye shall heare in the varices of the legges The cure shal be first in purging the bodie of melancholick then bleede if neede be therefore make incisioÌ„ on the scroton the breadth of two fingers in the place of the varice thereafter make passe a needle with double thread vnder the varice and in the vpper part of the wouÌ„d an other in the lower part leauing an inch betwixte then open the varice and euacuate the humor contayned if there be any moe doe the like that done knitt the thread and handle the wound as others If the testicle be infiltred with veines accompanied with dolor that it may not bee handled this way the didime must bee cut as in the preâ—â—dent and so proceede in the cure The one and thirtieth Chapter of the herne Humâ—rall THis herne is an aposthume and defluxion of humors together in the codd or membranes that couer the testicles and sometime in their proper
Land The eleuenth Chapter of woundes in the Thorax THe Thorax which is domicill to the heart and lights suffereth solution of continuitie in diuers manners whereof some are externe and doe not penetrate others penetrate to some of the partes contayned therein as the heart lightes mediastin and diaphragma some passe throughout of the which some are cureable some incureable and some mortall as yee haue heard in the Chapter Generall as also the Causes and Signes Those which penetrate at the backe are more dangerous then at the interior part because of the veines arters nerues and such like The Cure consisteth in good dyet in the sixe vnnaturall thinges purgation letting of bloud according to the temperature of the body time and Region Those which doe not penetrate differ nothing from the generall of other simple woundes sauing onely in binding which must be incarnatiue sometime narrowe otherwhiles broad according to the difference and scituation of the wounde Touching those which penetrate there is great diuersitie of opinion in the cure some are of the opinion to consolide the wound as soone as may bee to hinder the externe ayre to hurt the partes vitall others giue counsell to holde them open and in case the issue be not large enough to dilate it and make it larger that if there bee any bloud or other thing in the capacitie it may auoyde but which of these wayes ought to bee followed the iudgement of the expert Chirurgian is to bee required knowing first if it doth penetrate which shall bee done in closing his mouth and nose and then holding a candle to the wound if the ayre coÌ„meth forth it is sure that it penetrates if there be bloud in the capacitie you shall know by the ponderositie of the diaphragma accompanied with dolor feuer and vomiting if any chiefe part be offended ye shall know by the signes set downe in the Chapter Generall If neither bloud bee shedde nor any parte offended yee shall conglutinate the wound putting no tent therein vsing onely a little of my balme set downe in the Chapter of Gunshot in the meane time vse one potion vulnerar which doth penetrate If there be any little thing left in the wound nature will easily discharge it for as saith Galen it doth expell not onely that which offendeth through the pannicles but also through the middest of the bones Those which penetrate with effusion of bloud on the diaphragma are not mortall must be tented with a threed at the tent to the ende that if it goe in it may bee drawne out agayne cause the sicke lie on the sore side chiefly when you dresâ—e him that the bloud and mattir may issue at the wound vsing alwaies iniections of barley pimpernell pilosell buglosse scrofularie cheruill all sodden in water putting thereto a little honney or syrrâ—pe of roses with a little white wine for a certaine time Sometime the bloud cannot euacuate by the wound it being higher then the diaphragme which causeth difficultie of respiring for the which make an issue as ye haue heard in Empiema to euacuate the humor contayned if the putâ—efaction be great mixe with the foresaid iniection a little egiptiac the wound being mundified with this or such like thou shalt vse this iniectâ—oÌ„ which is somewhat desiccatiue Rec. rosâ—rum balaustiorum myrtilorum an onc 1. mirabolani citrini an onc 2. mellis rosati parum coquantur in aqua plantaginis ad consumptionem tertiae partis with this thou shalt washe the wounde twise a day If the body be of an euill temperature or that the nether part of the lightes be hurt it stayeth not quickely but will voyde much then we must vse a tent of lead or siluer that is hollow within that the matter may enacuate we vse also this decoction to drinke in the morning fasting foure howers after Take scabions buglâ—sse borage pimpernell aristoâ—â—lochia agrimonie betonie pilosell an M. se vnarum mundatarum seminis hipericonis et cardui benedicti an onc 1. florum trium cordialium an P. 1. coquantur in aqua adde in sine vâ—ni albi parum sirupi rosati et cinamomi an onâ— 2. vsing on the wound the emplaster Diacalciteos malaxed in wine If notwithstanding these remedies it remaineth long in healing it doth degenâ—er infistull for the curation of the which haue recourse to the Treatise of vlceâ—s Chapter of Fistula The twelfth Chapter of wnundes in the Bellie THe inferior venter wherein the Lyuer with the Kydneis milt are inclosed is often wounded in diuers manners some penetrates and some not offending the parts contayned as the stomack liuerr milt kidneis guttâ— veines arters the epiplon and vâ—iâ—ers or some other part the causes signes and Iudgments whereof ye haue heard in the generall Chapter The Cure is those that do not penetrate are cured like other simple woundes those which penetrate into the capacitie require an other manner of cure Woundes in the side in the oblique muscles are not so dangerous as those in the transuersall because that the peritone is vneasie to sow specially in musculo recto which descendeth from the brest to os pubis Also little woundes in those places are more difficill than those that are more ample in them if the gutts come not they tumifie and so are vneasie to put in againe for the which vse such remedies as ye haue heard in Axâ—mphalon vsing the future Gastoraphick if the gutts be pearced they must be sowed with future pellitor and cast on the wound the pouder of aloes mirre mastick and boll and reduce it softly in the owne place vsing an emplaster retentiue and agglutinatiue If the lâ—iâ—â—ium be cut it is impossible or most dificill to heale by reason of the great veines coÌ„tained therin if any of the guts hath changed coulor there is no hope If the caule of the venter be altered it must be knit and reduced as ye haue heard in the generall Chapter In all woundes in the bellie vse Clisters and innections astringents detersiues chiefly if the great intestine matrix or bladder be hurt And so we end this Treatise of woundes and shall follow out that of vlcers after the same manner THE SEAVENTH TREATISE of vlcers which contayneth Ten Chapters By Peter Low Arellien Chapter 1 Of vlcers in generell Chapter 2 Of vlcers sâ—nious and their curation Chapter 3 Of the vlcer Virulent Chapter 4 Of the vlcer profound and Cauernous Chapter 5 Of the vlce Sordide and Putride Chapter 6 Of vlcers difficill to Cure Chapter 7 Of vlcers with corruption of the Bones Chapter 8 Of vlcers Cancrous Chapter 9 Of Fistula Chapter 10 Of Burninges The first Chapter of vlcers in generall CO Seeing wee haue amply spoken of tumors and wounds of their definitâ—n cause signes and cure so in like manner we will proceede in vlcers seeing many tumors and woundes doe suppure and degender in vlcers so it is needefull after the Treatise hereof to speake of vlcers
it be drawne before the flesh be growne on the whole the ayre will alter the other also Of this remedie commeth no dolor if yee touch nothing but the boane after the canters are applyed we vse oyle of roses with whites of egges for the first two dayes then mixed with whites of egges and fresh butter with honney thereafter some mundificatiue till the boane bee exfoliated and then vse the powder aboue written mixed with honney to incarnate cicatrize thereafter consolide the vlcer If the rottennes come to the marow and the bone be all corrupted there is no remedy but amputation except in the head haunch and rigge backe in the which we vse remidies palliatiues as ye haue heard The eight Chapter of the vlcers Cancrous and their Curation HAuing intreated heretofore of Cancer in generall here we will speke of the vlcered which as saith Guydo is an vlcer round horrible hauing the lippes thick harde inequall sordide turned ouer cauernous euill fauoured of colour liuide and obscure accompanied with many veines full of Melancholick blood voyding a matter virulent sanious worse than the venim of beastes subtill waterie black or red It is so called for two causes as saith Auicen the one because it cleaueth so fast to the part as cancer to that which it taketh holde of the other because it hath veines about like the feete of the cancer The cause commeth of the cancer vnulcered and vlcers euill cured and by the humors Melancholicke which come from all the partes of the bodie which do putrifie and heate so acquir a sharpnes and venenositie and breede cancer The signes are these the cancer vlcered is still redde caue to the profound of the member casting a virulent matter in great abundance pricking dolor and irriteth by the application of remidies and operation manuall so not to bee touched and therefore called Noli me tangere The Cure generall consisteth in purgation and dyet as in tumors cancrous Guydo coÌ„mendeth a potion made of capillars herbi Roberti scrofuralia centâ—nodie Treacle and Methridate are good for they cause venim to come out in the skin The particular is if it be in such a place that it may not bee taken away with the braunches it shal be done by incision canterization or corrosion and that the blood be all well exprimed out of the veines thereafter canterize it with such as haue force to consume the euill humor quoniam in extremis morbis extrema sunt adhibenda remedia The arsnic sublimat is excellent for it mortifieth in one day cancers fiâ—â—ules and other strang maladies apply defensiues and anodins produce the fall of the scale as in the vlcer precedeÌ„t When ye perceiue that there is neither stink nor viruleÌ„cie but good flesh heale it as other vlcers If it be in any part that it may not be thus handled or the patient wil not or that it is incureable wee vse palliatiue remedies the which consist chiefly in good dyet abstayning from things contrarie vsing good things therafter euacuation generall purgations bleeding applying on the part medicameÌ„tis corroboratiues linimentes and refrenantes to diuert the fluxion with proper medicines as this take the iuyce of scabius solani an onc 2. plumbi vsti loti vngueÌ„ti pompholigos an onc di vnguenti albi onc 2. diacalciteos onc di oleum â—mphacinum paruÌ„ agitentur in mortario plumbeo There are diuers other proper medicamentes for this effect as succus solani spima argenti cerâ—sae olei an partes equales contundantur et agitentur in mortario plumbeo donec haheant colerem plumbi When there is great dolor seeth althea in wine and honey putting thereto a little oyle of roses to make a cataplasme also wash the vlcer with wine wherein tapsus barbatus hath been sodden There are diuers vnguents and liniments set downe afore in the tumor Cancrous The nynth Chapter of the vlcer fistulous FIstula is an vlcer deepe straight round cauernous with great hardnes callositie froÌ„ whence procedeth an humor virulent Paulus Aegineta saith it is a sinuosity callous not dolorous in diuers parts of the bodye chiefly after apostemes not wel cured hemorroides which haue run loÌ„g as also apostemes hemoroidall Of it there are diuers sorts the causes are as in vlcers cauernous but the humor which proceedeth froÌ„ it is worse coÌ„ming of an euil phlegmatick melancholick adust causing a bitternes venenositie The signes are knowne by the sound by the humor that coÌ„meth out which is viruleÌ„t stinking not dolorous except it be neare the nerue Galen calleth it a siring because it is caue within Paulus compareth it to the reede that haue cauities as also Aetivs The Iudgments some heale easily some are long in healing some are incureable Fistules with many cauernes are difficill as saith Celsus those that are nere to any noble part as in the thorax allo in the bladder matrix intestins are all perillous mortall those in the ribbes back ioynts are suspect and of difficill curation Fistules in the fundament which haue the orifice exterior are hard to heale all fistules in bodies euill disposed are of long curatioÌ„ There are diuers sorts of fistules for some are superficiall others do penetrate some a slope some right some simple others composed with one or moe sinuosities some end in the flesh some in the bones and some in the cartilages As for the cure we must first coÌ„sider by the iudgment sound the deepenes and cauernosities if it be callons and endeth eyther in tendons cartilages or bones or penetrateth within all which things coÌ„sidered we ordayn the way of life purg the body according to the nature of the humor therafter corroborate the parts intern with this potioÌ„ which hath oft been experimeÌ„ted by old authos Re. hordei mundi scrofuraliae an partem vnaÌ„ agremoniae centaâ—â—reâ—â— plaÌ„taginis minoris an partes duas aristolochiae partem di folioruÌ„ oliâ—ae filopendulae an partes duas scindaÌ„tur omnia minutim pisleÌ„tur bulliant in vino albo cum parruÌ„ saccari Of this decoctioÌ„ ye shal take a draught euery morning 4. houres afore meate The particular remedies coÌ„sist in 4. things first to dilate orifice if it be stright which shal be done by tents of gentiaÌ„ briony spoÌ„g prepared ciclamin if the fistule doth penetrate depe tie a thread to the tent the orifice being dilated we come to the secoÌ„d point to take away the câ—llosity which is done either incisioÌ„ or caÌ„terization or by remedies causticks corrosiues or to cut it with sheres or rasor or with such remedies as ye haue heard in vlcers caneruons If it be profound such kind of places where it may be knit we put a needle with a strong thread through it and knit the thread euery day more and more till it bee consumed
liquor appeasing the thirst mixting the meat in the stomacke CO. What is thirst LO It is an appetite of a thing colde and humide for the drinke doth humect and refresh either actualment presently or potentially to come Pline sayth hot drinke is contrary to nature we must not drinke so soone as we sit downe to the table for it moues and augmenteth the Catâ—ars also there is nothing more euill for Catâ—ars nor to drinke when we goe to sleepe Here we must obserue in drinking that we drinke neuer so much that it it swim in the stomacke as those doe who drinke for pleasure of whome Crinitus maketh mention saying that the first draught quencheth the thyrst the second maketh a man ioyous the thirde maketh him drunken the fourth putteth him cleane out of his senses Macrobius make mention that eating do make a man quiet and drink causes him clatter drinke moderatly taken hath three offices the first it helpeth the digestino the second is to mingle the meates third is to bring it to the Liuer veines and arters and there is two sorts of it the one norisheth like as wine beere and ale the other doth not nourish as water The thirde Chapter of mouing and exercise CO. What meane yau in this place by mouing LO All kinde of voluntarie exercise as labouring running ryding playing wresling leaping dauncing fencing CO. Doe these exercises bring any commoditie to our bodies LO In right vsing of them there commeth great commoditie and in ill vsing great and perilous accidentes Hipocrates sayth who desireth health let him not bee dull to labour for a man may not be healthfull if he trauell not to dissipate the excrements of the third digestion that is much recommeÌ„ded by Galen but he blames all exercise that moues the bodie vnequally CO. What particular commoditie baue wee of exercise LO It helpeth the naturall heate it quickneth the spirite it openeth the pores of our bodies wherby the excrements are consumed and wasted it comforteth all our members it confirmeth the inspiration and other actioÌ„s of our bodies CO. What time is most mete for exercise LO It is best before meate or long time after meate for the stomacke being full of meate it hindereth the digestion Fuchius reporteth that the Schollers of Almaine play immediatly after meate which causeth theÌ„ to full of humors crudities scabbs and vlcers Hypocrates sayth that labour meate drinke sleeping playing and women ought to be moderatly vsed like as all other exercises the exercise should be afore or long after meate as ye haue heard when the digestioÌ„ is perfect in the stomack and veines if otherwise it be vsed there gathereth abundance of crudities and chollâ—rick humors the exercise duly done purgeth the body of many excrements the exercise ought to be done in this manner after yee rise in the morning ye shall walke a little to the end that the excrements of the first digestion may fall into the intestinies and those of the second into the bladder that done spit out all in the mouth throate stomack wash the haÌ„ds face and rubbe it with a rough cloth to cause it to exhall and dissipe the vapours CO. What saist thou touching rest LO Like as exercise duly vsed hath great force for the coÌ„seruation of health so on the contrary much rest not only dulleth the principall instrumeÌ„ts of our bodies but also the minde it maketh many crudities and thereupon great abundance of euill humors Galen reckoneth idlenes to be cause of many cold maladies as also the Mother of many mischiefes the which were too loÌ„g to recite in this place The fourth Chapter of sleeping waking CO. What is sleepe LO Galen sayth it is a rest quietnes of the bodie and chiefly of the spirits and facultie animall CO. What is the cause of sleeping LO The chiefe cause is in the braines when the vapours ascendeth thervnto and by the coldnes of the braines those vapours are changed into humors the which closeth the conducts of the nerues CO. What things doth prouoke sleepe LO All such thinges as maketh abundance of vapors like as wine ale full of barme milke and all thinges that are moist and cold and commonly after meate vapors ascendeth to the head and so prouoke sleepe CO. Doe all men sleepe like quantitie LO That is according to the temperature of the person for some sleepe longer some shorter CO. What space is ordinarily required for men to sleepe LO Seauen howers eight howers some Nine as Galen saith Plinie sayth that in sleeping we spend the halfe of our time it dulleth the head it hindreth to digest the crudities it gathereth abundance of excrementes it hebeteth and maketh grosse the spirits of old folks and children it retyâ—â—â— the excremeÌ„ts in sleeping couer well they head feete for cold of the extremities is verye contrary to those that hath the brains cold humide Plinie in the 7. of his natural history said that Epimenides did sleepe in a caue the space of Fifty 7. yeare being wearied by the heate of the sunne yet when he wakened he thought to haue slept but on day CO. What time is most meete to sleepe LO Hyppocrates Aetius and others are of the opinion to walke on the day sleepe in the night for that is the institutioÌ„ of nature also the sleepe should begin two howers after supper such time is most meete for the digestion of our meates for by slepe the natural heate is in the ceÌ„ter of the body Sleeping on the day filleth the braines full of humidity also it hindereth the concoction of the which coÌ„meth ganting riâ—ting winds heauynesse of the members chiefly of the head diuers sicknesses as catarrhes Cardan couÌ„selleth to slepe in the day but meaneth of such folke that doth not rest in the night CO. WheÌ„ men goe to sleepe Which side shold they lie on LO First on the right side because the meate goe more easily to the bottoÌ„e of the stomack therafter on the other side no wayes on the face for that causeth defluxions in the eyes as saith Iesus nor on the backe for that maketh heate in the raines apoplexie the maire the grauell and diuers other accidents in no wise the handes vnder the head as some doe for that causeth defluxion of humors on the lightes sleepe not soone after meate CO What is to be obserued in sleeping of sicke folkes LO Hippocrates saith those sickenesses wherein the sleeping is painefull esteeme them to be dangerous mortal if not painefull it is a good token CO Is it needefull to obserue dreames in sleeping LO Cardan saith dreames are not to be neglected because sometime by that we know the affections of the humors which demaineth as for example the sanguine dreames are merrie the cholericke dreames are fierie the melancholicke sadde the phlegmaticke colde for they thinke they see raine and snowe in their sleepe CO.
roses and mirtlâ—es a little myrhe and aristolochia washing often the sore with oximell If neede require to vse more strong remedies take egipciac and mixe therewith a little arsenic or orpiment and put in the scarrifications which remedies must bee vsed with good iudgement noting where the gangren ceaseth The furie of the maladie being past cause the scarre to fall with honey butter and yolkes of egges If none of these preuaile but that the gangren becometh in sphasell we must vse the like cure as in sphasell for the safetie of the rest of the bodie The sixt Chapter of Sphasell VVEE must heere consider the differences betweene Gangren Sphasell for Gangren is the Latin word and is a mortification of all the partes where it hapneth sauing the bones and is cureable but Sphasell or â—â—deration is a mortification both of soft and solide partes and is no wayes remedied but by amputation it is called the fire of S. Anthonie or S. Martiall The cause is as you haue heard in Gangren ioyned with an euill disposition of the bodie and an humor venemous which commonly corrupteth the bone afore it make any externall showe sometime it proceedeth of olde vlcers that haue bene long orpressed with rotten matter and so corrupteth the bone causeth mortification also biting of vipers mad dogges The signes are these the member waxeth blacke as it were burnt afterwardes rotten which in shorte time ouercommeth the whole bodie the skinne doth come froÌ„ the fleshe The Iudgementes are that it is for the most part incureable and the patient dieth in a colde sweat The cure in so much as may be consisteth onely in amputation of the member which shall bee done in this manner for the friendes must first be aduertised of the danger because often death ensueth as you haue heard either for apprehension weakensse or fluxe of bloud For this cause the learned Celsus calleth it a miserable remedie yet we vse it by reason in so doing there is some hope and in not vsing of it there is none but sodaine death for better it is to loose one member then the whole bodie After this wee must apply on the place of amputation for there is diuersitie of opinions Hippocrates and some others counsell to cutte in the ioynte for it is more easie to be done and also the marrow is not discouered as in other partes and the fluxe of bloud is not so great Others thinke it best to cut foure inches from the ioynt either aboue or vnder according to the putrifaction which is both more easie and sure then in the ioynt For these and sundry other circumstances I aduise to cut foure inches from the ioynt in all amputacions sauing onely if the mortification or riuing of the bone end in the ioynt theÌ„ it may be cut in the ioynt chiefly in the knees but wheresoeuer you make your amputacion remember to cut rather a little of the whole then to leaue any of the infected for if any remaine it infecteth the rest and so requireth newe amputacion The place of amputacion noted we situate the sicke after a fitte maÌ„ner hauing respect both to the nature and qualitie of the parte and to our owne commoditie then you shall haue two men to holde the patient next the Chirurgian shall commaund the sicke to bend and put out the member to the ende the skin veines arters may be the more lengthened that after the amputacion they be more apparent so be knitte or canterized That being done the Chirurgian shall pull vp the skin muscles as much as he can afterwardes he shall take a strong ribband and bind the member fast aboue the place two inches where the amputacion shall be The vse of this ribband is diuers first it holdeth the member hard that the instrumeÌ„t may cutte more surely secondly that the feeling of the whole part is stupified rendred insensible thirdly the fluxe of bloud is stayed by it fourthly it holdeth vp the skin and muscles which couer the bone after it is loosed and so maketh it more easie to heale The bandage thus made we cut the fleshe with a rasor or knife that is somewhat crooked like a hooke the flesh being cut to the bone it must be scraped with the backe of the saide knife made purposely for that effect to the ende the periost that couereth the bone be not painefull in cutting the bone otherwise it teareth with the sawe and causeth great dolor and also letteth the cutting This done sawe the bone being cut we loose the ligature and draw downe the skin to couer the bone in all parts If there be great putrifactioÌ„ let it bleede a little for that dischargeth the part so is lesse subiect to inflamation then we put the extremities of the fingers on the orifices of the great veines and arters to stay them from bleeding till we either knit or canterize them one after another as shall be thought expedient Where there is putrifaction we stay the fluxe of bloud by canters actuall where there is no putrifaction nor malignitie of humor we vse the ligature The canter or actuall fire maketh a scale stayeth the bleeding draweth to it consumeth the malignitie virulencie of the humor which is in the part so in that point is better then knitting by reason that in knitting we loose much bloud and by drawing the veines bâ—â—ick decourbing or other instrument they doe breake also being knit doe often vnloose so I find the fire more expedient being done in this maâ—ner We must haue three or foure little instrumentes of iron crooked at the ende the point in forme of a button made red hot which wee take and apply on the veines one after another holding them a certaine space till the scale be made yet not burning much of the veine In amputacion without putrifaction I find the ligature more expedient being done thus first thou shalt holde thy fingers on the veines and in the other let one loose and take hold of it with thy beck de corbing or other meet instrument taking a little flesh with it then put through a needle with a stroÌ„g threed knit with a double knot tying a little of the flesh with the veine which will make it hold the better but if this slip as oft it happeneth yee shall doe in this manner first in putting through the needle begin in the vtter skinâ— an ynch aboue the wound by the side of the veine cause it come out a crosse in the wounde by the side of the veine yet lower down than the orifice thereof then put through your needle in the other side of the veine through the wounde cause it come out of the wound on the skin an inch broade from the place it went in then knit it hard putting a little peece of cloth doubled betwixt the two threads to the end the knot enter not
to the partes as if it come in the face it is called noli me tangere if in the thighes or legges it is called lupus if in any other part it is called cancer The cure of this shal bee in the beginning to stay the melancholidke humor froÌ„ setling in the place and growing which must be done by fitte remedies to purge the melancholicke humor and by bleeding if the age and time permit then abstayne from all meates that ingender this humor and heate the bloud such as olde haires salt flesh harts goats spices mustard pottage cheese fishe and such like walke not much abstaine from great trauell sadnesse and anger vse meates that breede good bloud as mutton veale kiddes capons all sortes of fowles sauing water fowles drinke whay corroborate the liuer and milte As for locall remedies first if it waxe great and in fitte places some counsell to cut it in such sort that there remaine no roote but my opinion is not to doe such thinges but rather followe the counsell of Paul which is to take the iuice of morrell plantaine lettice and sorrell centorie shepheardes purse wette a cloth in these iuices and lay on it Also I haue often vsed the vrine of a young maid in the same fashion and oyle of roses veriâ—ce litage cerusse burnt leade diapalma of these ye may make fit remedies to keepe it in one estate correct gently the acrimonie of the humor If these things let not the augmentation of it we must goe to the cure of cankred vlcers in the treatise of vlcers and thus we ende the Treatise of tumors in generall THE FIFT TREATISE of Tumors in particular HAuing discoursed in the former Treatise of the causes signes and cure of Tumors most generall nowe in like maÌ„ner we shal intreat of the Particular which happen in the most partes of our bodie beginning at the head which is the seat of reason memorie vnderstanding is subiect to many sorts of tumors whereof we will shew at length in this Treatise but specially of those which oftnest do happen beginning first with Hydrocephalie Physocephalie which occupieth the whole head thereafter with those Tumors which occupie certaine partes thereof as the eyes eares mouth nose and cheekes and so descend to other partes of the bodie in like maÌ„ner to the feet extremities of the hands as ye shall heare which contayneth thirtie eight Chapters Chapter 1 Of Hydrocephalie and Physocephalie Chapter 2 Of the Tumor called Nodus or Ganglion Chapter 3 Of the Tumor in the eye called Lippitudo Chapter 4 Of the tumor in the eares Chapter 5 Of the Tumor called Parotidis Chapter 6 Of Tumors in the nose called Ozena Sacâ—oma Polypus Chapter 7 Of the Tumor in the mouth called Vula or Columella Chapter 8 Of the Tumors in the amigdalles called Tonsillae Chapter 9 Of the Tumor called Angina or Strangulatio Chapter 10 Of the Tumors in the teeth called Epulides Chapter 11 Of the Tumor vnder the toungue called Batrachos Chapter 12 Of the tumors in the necke called Struma Chapter 13 Of the Tumor in the throat called Bruncoseli Chapter 14 Of the tumor called Aneâ—â—risma Chapter 15 Of the tumor in the Pappes Chapter 16 Of Pluresie Chapter 17 Of the tumor in thae Nauell called axunfalon Chapter 18 Of the tumor in the bellie called Hydropsie Chapter 19 Of the tumor in the fuÌ„dameÌ„t called coÌ„diloma Chapter 20 Of the swelling of the veines in fundameÌ„t called Hemorrhoides Chapter 21 Of the tumor in the intestinie called Exitus Longanonis Chapter 22 Of the tumor in the Coddes Chapter 23 Of Hernes in generall Chapter 24 Of the tumor inguinall called bubonoâ—â—elâ— Chapter 25 Of the herne called â—nterocele Chapter 36 Of the herne called Epipocele or Zeirbale Chapter 27 Of the herne called Hydrocele Chapter 28 Of the herne called Ventosa Chapter 29 Of the herne called Sarcoceli Chapter 30 Of the herne varicus called Cirsocele Chapter 31 Of the herne Humerall Chapter 32 Of the tumor in the Flancke called bubonecele Chapter 33 Of the tumor in the knees Chapter 34 Of the tumor in the legges called varicus Chapter 35 Of the tumor in the legges called draâ—â—culus Chapter 36 Of the tumor tn the legges or handes called Elephansiasis particularis Chapter 37 Of the tumor in the fingers called panaris or parenâ—chia Chapter 38 Of the tumor or hardues in the toes called Cornes The first Chapter of Hydrocephalie and physocephalie HYdrocephalie is a waterie humor which occupyeth the whole head and Physocephalie is a windie humor which doth the like these tumors are contained eythet betweene the pericrane and skin or betwixt the muscles or betwixt the pericran and crane or betwixt the crane meÌ„branes which couer the braines called dura mater pia mater but the tumor in this case is not great The cause is eyther internall or externall the internall commeth from the matrix and of the Mothers milke which is too waterie and such like foode as breede waterie humors The externall cause commeth of cold presently after the birth it hapeneth also through vnskilfulnes of Midwife as I haue sometimes seene which draweth presseth the childs head so much at the deliuerie that the veines and arters breake not being as yet strong so the blood sheddeth through the rest of the head and degendreth into water The signes are great tumor with deformitie of the head the eies face swelled as doth appeare in the Hydropicks The iudgementes are these such as are within the crane are incurable those that are betwixt the crane and pericrane or betwixt the pericrane and muscles may be cured As for the curation of the curable they are healed partly by diet and by vsing of things drying and abstayning from things humide also by externall remedies applied to the part that drie with some astriction and comfort the head which shal be done by liniments fomentations vnguentes made of calamint origan betonie camomill meâ—â—ot anthos red roses also ye may make lessiues of the vine ashes also shaue the head and applie this emplaster following Rec olibani vnc 1. sarcacollâ— drag 1. gummi arabici seminis raphani anethian 1. vnc di ole de spica parum cerae quantum sufficit fiat emplastrum If the humor be in great abundance or that the crane or membraines are offended we must vse incision and perforation of the crane theÌ„ eaucâ—ate the humor heale the wouÌ„d as in others There is yet a kinde of this called Macrocephalie which is a supernaturall greatnes of the Pan and flesh not properly tumor and receiueth no curatioÌ„ but is siâ—ldome seene one of this sort I saw in Paris of the quaÌ„tity of a pot of 3. quarts The second Chapter of the tumors called Nodus or Ganglion which commeth in the head THese tumors are sometime hard otherwhiles soft alwayes round which chanceth for the
the nerue which is deepe and hollowe If the dolor bee vehement with heate vse oyle of roses mirtles and cidoniorum with a little vineger mixe all together and drop a little in the eare cattes water distilled is good as saith Quersitanus If it tend to suppuration handle it as other apostumes The fifth Chapter of the Tumor that commeth behinde the eares called Parotides NAture hath placed by the rootes of the eares certaine little glands to the ende they may receiue the vennemous matter deposed by the braines Parotides is an inâ—â—amation or apostume of the glands behind the eares The cause is the humor which easily descendeth from the head partly because nature hath ordeined them for receptacles as ye haue heard and by reason they are soft colde and the passages large that bring the humor Sometime the cause commeth of the whole bodie like as in crise of feuer it may come of any one of the foure humors or all mixed together which may easily be knowne by the accidents The signes are tumor dolor vehement feuer pulsation with such other as yee haue heard in tumors The Iudgementes are that those by crisis without signe of maturation are euill and if it goe to the internall partes it is for the most part mortall as saith Auicen The Cure generall is to vse clisters bleeding in the veine Cephalicke vsing good dyet eating thinges of light digestion not vaporous abstayning from strong drinke the particular remedies differ not from the cure of other apostumes except that we vse no repercussiues but onely maturatiues attractiues and anodiues and some digerents in the beginning like as oyle of lillies Iris camomill bitter almondes with sheepes wooll or a cataplasme of digerent hearbes It is best not to abide the perfect suppuration but so soone as may be to cause it open for by that meanes the venemous vapor doth dissippe the dolor ceaseth and nature doth more easily discharge It may bee opened by canter or lancet but beware of the nerue veine and arters for the great accidentes that happen Being openeed it must be cured by suppuratiues mundificatiues incarnatiues and desiccatiues as ye haue heard in others The sixt Chapter of the Tumors in the nose called Sarcoma Ozena and Polypus THe nose is a part of the bodie by the which the braines doth discharge the excrements in the which do chauÌ„ce three kindes of maladies yet not much different the first is called Sarcoma which is an excrescence of fleshe against nature the second is called Ozena which is most dangerous ill sauoured the third is called Polypus which differeth not froÌ„ Sarcoma sauing that it is not so great Polypus is a tumor which proceedeth of the bone ethomides and sticketh fast to it The cause is rotten humor thicke and viscous which commeth from the head The signes are manifest to the sight and by the narration of the sicke The Iudgementes are these that which is hard and blacke must not be touched that which is soft may bee healed if the excrescence be white and soft without dolor it is easie to heale if it be redde and browne with dolor it is very difficill if it occupie both sides of the nose either the sicke sleepeth with open mouth or else he suffoketh The cure is most diffâ—cill as I haue oft seene and better it were to vse remedies palliatiues then to aduenture any perfect cure yet the cure in so much as may be is by vniuersall remedies as purging and bleeding and in good dyet Fuchâ—ns counselleth to rubbe the head with such things as haue vertue to corroborate drie the braines The particular remedies shall be according to the Tumor which is sometime hard otherwhiles soft the soft must be taken away with instrument or canter or some causticke pouder as pouder vitrioll mercurie arsenit allom spuma aeris atramentum sutorium ye may mixe any of these pouders with some vngueÌ„t anodine or honey vse deâ—ensiues for the inflamation vnguent pompholigs with a little balaust is good Also this water Rec. bolaustiorum corticis malorum granatorum an lib. 1. gelangae caudae equinae linguae passerinae et herâ—iariae an manip di radic bis tortae 4. vnc sumitatuÌ„ piri siluest manip di contundantur simul distilleutur fiaâ—â—aqua de qua frequenter abluat nares adde to it a little Allum If eyther this or the other which is harde degender into an vlcer cancrous touch it not but vse such remedies as ye shal heare in the vlcer Cancrons The seauenth Chapter of the tumor in the mouth called Vunla or Columella THe mouth as sayth Gordon is the instrument of voice in beastes and speaking in men in the which happen diuers grieuous and dangerous passions but we wil intreat of those which are moste daungerous beginning with Vunla which is called in our tongue the pap of the mouth Nature being prouident that nothing should offend hath placed in the roufe of the mouth this little peece of fleshe for diuers reasons first that we may pronounce and sâ—eake clearer for which cause it is called plectrum vocis also that the aire enter not in the trachearter till the force and impetuositie of the cold be corrected for we see in those who waÌ„t it haue both deformity of speach refrigiratioÌ„ on the lightes Vunla is an inflamation or aposthume either in forme long and is called Columella that is like a piller or like vnto the vine berrie called Vua The cause is eyther interne or externe the interne are hot humors which come from the head and cause an inflamation also asceÌ„ding from the stomacke as happeneth in rotten feuers in like manner of abundance of blood The cause externe is cold Cough excessiue eating and drinking at vnacostomed howers chiefly at night The signes are manifest to the sight chiefly in pressing downe the tongue accompanyed with dolor and feuer paine to swallow any thing the sick thinketh that he hath alwayes something in his mouth The iudgmentes are that sometime it falleth so much that it filleth vp the whole throate so the sick suffofoketh in case it be not quickely cutte if it be cutte altogether the patient waxeth dumbe or at least speaketh so as he may not be vnderstoode and his drinke doth auoyde by the nose which accidents I did see in a Chanon of S. Honorie in Paris who was my patient The Cure consisteth first in the forme of dyet tending to colde and drie vsing meates of light digestion drinking no strong not fumie drinke often vsing of clisters and bleeding in both the armes if ye perceiue plenitude ventouses on the shoulders and opening the head with scaâ—rifications frictions on the necke opening of the veines vnder the toungue The particular remedies shall onely be plantaine rose or common water with a little vineger
the fourth future incarnatiue done LO By little peeces of cloth as the breadth of the wound place requireth that is strong with the selfedge out in points like arrow heads the rest shal be couered with some astrigent and conglutinatiue emplaster as this take pouder of sangue Dragon true bol incence mastick Sâ—â—rocolla fine flower incorporaâ—e all with whites of egges and lay on both sides of the wouÌ„d with the aforesayde cloâ—h and the clothe bee further back than the lippes of the wound so the points shal be neare to the sayde lippes which being faste wee put a thread through these pointes till such time as wee see the lippes of the wound to close and knit the thread with double knot this is called drie future and is commonly done in the face and such places where wee desire the Cicatrice not to be seene CO. Howe doest thou the fift future in carnatiue LO With claspes of Iron sharp pointed and long which take the lippes of the wounde being put together and houlde them so this was vsed by some old practitioners but at this present it is not in vse as being dolorous exciteth inflamation fluxion CO. How is the second kinde of future generall done LO It is done after the manner that the Glouers sow there gloues but is neyther sure nor profitable for one point slipping the rest slippe also In like maner the blood which is retayned swelleth the part and falleth amongst the muscles which often doth rotte and gangren the part so it is better to knit the veines and arters or canterize theÌ„ which I haue done with good successe vsed by our auntients where there was great effusion of bloode in the veines and arters and nowe commonly vsed in the intestines and bladder and such oâ—her membranous parts CO. How is â—he third suture generall done LO As the rest but not so hard and is vsed to conserue the lippes of the wound being seperated and where there is great losse and dilaceration of flesh CO. What time appoint you to take away the pointes of your sutures LO According to the opinioÌ„ of Vigo in 6. or 8. daies yet in our ordinarie practise we limit no time for some conglutine sooner thaÌ„ others so when the part deuided beginneth to conglutinate assuredly we take out the stitches CO. Is there no other sort of sutures commonlye vsed LO There is a kind which Wee vse in the bellie called Gastroraphie of the which diuers haue written in diuers manners here I will set downe that which is sure and most easie in the wounds of the bellie First if the guttes come foorth they muste bee put in their place also the caule first knitting and cutting awaye that which is altered leauing the end of the ligator out at the wound that which falleth may be drawen out then thou shalt cause one to take both sides of the wounde in his hand then he shall discouer a little of the wound so make the first stitch of the needle at the extremitie of one side of the wound pearsing the skin and muscles not touching the peritone thereafter put the needle in the other side through the peritone muscles and skin then make an other stitch like to the first not touching the peritone then make the fourth point like the second pearcing peritone muscles and skin so continue it till it be all sowed taking the peritone on the one side and leauing it alwayes on the other CO. What is bandage or ligator LO It is a peece of cloth made long two or three elles and in breadth three or foure inches according to the member and hurt the cloth must be soft cleane without hem or seame and more slack in woundes than in fractors and of it there are diuers sorts for some are to contayne as in simple wounds some are to expell matter as we see in caue woundes some are defensiues to stay fluxion some to retayne the medicaments on the part as in the throat and bellie some are mortificatiue which we vse in legges or armes gangrened to cut them off The way how these bandages should be vsed are after diuers manners according as ye shall heare in their proper places hereafter CO. Which is the fourth point obserued in curing woundes LO To giue order to the accidents which are double to wit proper and accidentall CO. Which are proper LO Aposteme hemeragie and putrefaction CO. What is aposteme LO I haue set downe the definition signes difference and cure therof in the generall Chapter of Apostemes CO. What is hemâ—ragie LO It is an issuing of the blood in great abundance the veine or arter being cut riuen or corroded there is another flux of blood which sometime commeth at the nose and chaunceth often in dayes critick which should not be stayed vnlesse it be excessiue CO. How should the excessiue flux be stayed LO By things about on the place which coole agglinat drie by ligators caÌ„ters actuall such like as I shall set downe in the Chapter of wounds with flux of blood CO. What is putrefaction LO It is that which corrupteth letteth the spirit naturall heat in the member where through it becometh rotten putrified CO. What is the cause of this putrefaction LO Either corruption of the spirit vitall or els viscus and cold humors which stop the passage of the vital spirit some are causes primitiues as stroakes contusioÌ„ straight binding and such like CO. Which are the accidentall symptomes LO Euill complexion feuer dolor spasme paralise syncope and alienation CO. What is euill complexion LO It is an euill comixtion of the foure humors when one raigneth more than an other as was said in the first Treatise CO. What is Feuer LO It is an extraordinarie heate beginning in the heart sent through all the bodie with the spirit blood by the vâ—ines and arters CO. By what meanes is it cured LO It is distinguished according to the time cause nature which points belong to the Phisitian CO. What is Dolor LO It is a feeling of a thing which hath a contrarie qualitie in our bodies CO. What is the cause of Dolor LO Solution of continuitie or some sodaine alteratioÌ„ the accidents which come of it as also the cure is set downe in the generall chapter yet we will say somewhat of it at this present Al dolor maketh altracioÌ„ of humors blood which maketh inflaÌ„mation for the which fomeÌ„t the place with oyle of roses with the white of an egge if the Dollor be great stupifie the part with oyle of popie opium with mandrager also the root of solanum brayed and put with the same is good to mitigate the dolor as saith Galen if it be not appeased by these remedies it is a signe that the nerues are hurt for the which haue recourse to woundes in the nerues CO. what is spasme LO It a mnladie in
the nerues makeing inuoluntari mouing drawing the muscles tendons towards theire beginning vneasie to relax CO. What is the cause of Spasme LO Repletion euacuation and dolor CO. Is it dangerous LO Auicen saith that all spasme confirmed in woundes is mortall others are cureable that which chaunceth through thrustes in the nerues is euill If it happen by great euacuation of bloud it is mortall as saith Hippocrates and better it is that a feuâ—r come in a conuulsion then conuulsion in feuer spasme after feuers is mortall as saith Hippocrates CO. Which are the signes of spasme LO Difficill mouing of the bodie tension of the necke contraction of the lippes astriction of the iawes peruertion of the eyes and face which if it take the course to the partes appointed for respiration it is lamentable and the sicke shall soone die that which is confirmed is incureable CO. What is the cure of it LO First we foment the parte with hydrelâ—on or hydromell sometime bathe with water wherein hath beene sodden mallowes althea violettes extremities of calues mutton goates lambes such like with a certaine quantitie of oyle being taken out of the bath rubbe the parte with oyle of violettes sweete almondes hennes grease or mutton also rubbe the necke backe and head being rased with oyle of lillies vulpinum turpentine phâ—losophorum For the same purpose drie perfumes are good it shall bee good sometime to drawe bloud on the same side if there be plenitude with inflamation if there bee cacochymie purge the bodie of the humors which abound if the cause come of dolor or some bite of a venemous beast the dolor must be appeased and apply on the sore treacle and ventous to drawe out the venenositie CO. What is Paralisie LO It is a mollification or relaxation of the nerues with priuation of the moouing whereof there is two kindes vniuersall and particular CO. What is the vniuersall LO It is that which occupieth all the body sauing the head and if it occupie the head also it is called apoplexie which is an other kinde CO What is the particular LO It is that which possesseth occupieth one member onely as the hands feete tongue legs and such like CO. Which are causes LO Some are intern some externe Interne as grosse humor which moysteÌ„ the nerues in the braines the marrow in the which let the vitall spirit to passe Externe are wounds incisioÌ„ falles strokes conâ—usioÌ„ aposteme cold al outward things that may let the animall spirit to passe CO. Is it cureable LO Al paraliâ—â—es are difficill by reasoÌ„ the nerues are destitute of their natural heate which is the efficieÌ„t cause of curatioÌ„ yet some are cureable when the nerue hath lost the feeling mouing it is called Aploplexie when it commeth to one side it is called Resolution of the part CO. Howe is it cured LO By vniuersall and particular remedies vniuersall as purgations Clisters bleeding good diet hot and drie particular as emplasters linimentes ventoses cataplasmes fomentatioÌ„s also the balme of Guido who counselleth to applie ventouses in the beginning of the nerues Togatius counselleth a liquor set downe in ad ditionibus Petri apponensisde scriptionis mesue also to rubbe the neck back parts most offended with vnguentuÌ„ martiatum or agrippae CO. What is Sincope LO It is suddaine fall and decay of all the whole forces of the bodie and of al accidentes it is the worst CO. Which are the causes of it LO Great euacuation of blood inâ—emperatur of the noble partes vehement passion of the spirit feare lacke of courage rotten vapors as happen in pestilent feuers and all thinges that may intercept and destroy the vitall spirit CO. What is the cure LO First to encourage the sick speake little giue him a little wine cast water in his face and hold vineger at his nose drawe his extremities and chiefly the fingers and rubb the part affected with this Rec. olei costini terebanthine an vnc 2. misceantur et vngatur With this vnguent Rec. vnguenti martiati vnguenti Agrippae an vnc 1. se olei costini nardini et de piperibus an drag 1. sagapeni apopanocis dissolutorum in vino an drag 2. cerae parum fiat vnguentum quo vngatur neruorum origo CO. What is alienation LO It is an inordinat perturbation of the mind with diuersitie of speach wherof there are two kindes proper and accidentall the proper is that which we call madnes the accideÌ„tall is that which we call rauing as chanceth in hot feuers and other maladies wherein hot fumes ascend to the head or by hott and cold aire as saith Auicen also by putrifaction and venenositie of our meate and drinke and is cured by diuerting the fumes with frictions and ligators of the extremities vsing Clisters and rubbing the head and necke with Oxyrodinum CO. What is the fift thing to bee obserued in curing of woundes LO To conserue the substance and the temperature of the hurt parte and consolide the wounde which is done with vnguentes emplasters tentes plumations as ye shall heare in particular CO. Tell me some thing of plumatiens tentes and there vse LO Plumations are made of little peeces of cloth the threads drawen out or the peeces of cloth themselues woll or tow the pith of the Elder tree the haires of a hare gentian Of these some are round some triangulars and quadrangulars the auntients giue them diuers denominators eyther of the matter they were composed of or of their forme some are applyed drie others wet in diuers liâ—quors as whites of egges wine vineger or oyle according to the disposition of the part we apply them vnto Sometime we apply many otherwhiles few as the case requireth The tentes are sometime made of cloth other-whiles of sponges or rootes of certaine plantes of brasse lead siluer some caue within others not of length greatnes according to the hurt some are euen others crooked yet alwaies rounde and are vsed for diuers causes as when woundes are to be amplified or cleansed also in caue woundes with losse of substance in contused woundes altered by the aire also when the wound is affliged with phlegmon or any other tumor against nature also in woundes which come of biting for such wounds haue some venenositie In wounds with corruption of bone In all other woundes we vse not these thinges but induce the cicatrize and conâ—solide the wounde CO What is consolidation It is that which hath force to ioyne consolide and drie the wound maketh if like vnto the skin CO. Whaâ— skin is it LO It is nothing else but the fleshe made drie and harde by the worke of nature vertue of medicaments and is like the other skin but not of the same nature in all pointes CO There are many other thinges which may be spoken generally of wouÌ„des which for lacke of
heart and the inferior venter for the lyuer the which three domicilles being wounded there must some other particularities bee obserued for curation thereof then ye haue heard Therefore we wil discourse of them seuerally first of the head The head wherein are contained the braines is subiect to solution of continuitie which sometime is simple otherwhiles composed with fracture of the crane some penetrateth the membranes other the proper substance of the braines the Cause and Iudgements are as ye haue heard in the Chapter generall of woundes The Signes of the simple are as in others the signes of fractures mortall in the skull are feuer before 13. dayes in Winter and 7. dayes in Sommer euill colour of the wound liuide little quantitie of mattir the skinne drie and aride the toungue blacke auoiding vnawares of excrementes and water the sicke raueth pustulles in the toungue conuulsion in the parte opposite some fall into apoplexie and death followeth The signs of healing of fractures in the head if after the head be trepained or the bone cut out by stroke or otherwise the membrane called dura mater being of naturall coulor and mouing and the flesh that groweth be red and the sick remouing well his neck and iawes all these are good signes otherwise not The simple wounde is cured as others the composed with fracture and other accidentes is cured after diuers maners according to the diuersitie of the fracture as ye shall heare The bone is sometime broken superficially otherwhiles to the middst and sometime thorough both the tables offending the membranes that couer the braines of the which fractures there are fiue kinds the first is called fissure or cleft which shal be knowne by incisioÌ„ of flesh to the pan in forme of St. Andrewes crosse theÌ„ seperate the crane froÌ„ the pericrane put in lint to dilate the wound to the end the trepan or other instrumeÌ„t touch not the flesh if in cutting any veine or arter it bleede it must be knit Thou shalt know the cleft by rubbing on it with thy naile which if you suspect to be in both the tables cause the sick to hold his mouth and eyes close holding in his breath and if there issue out humiditie by the cleft be assured that both the tables be riuen for the which we must eyther with trepan rongin or other instrument cut the bone to dura mater taking away the least you can of the sayd bone as counselleth Celsus giuing onely issue to the blood and matter contayned in the place The second kind of fracture is called conâ—usion which is oftentimes so great that it seperateth the crane from the flesh for the â—â—â—edies which we vse section to euacuate the blood yet applying no humide remedies which are contrarie to the bone of the head sometime the craniâ—uâ— is pressed in by the stroke chiefly in children that haue the bone yet soft which sometime rise of themselues if not we apply ventouses and cause the sicke to hold in his breath to make it rise amplasters which haue the force to draw If for all this it doth not rise incise the flesh and apply a â—ire found if that be not suffitieÌ„t apply a trepan the an eleuator The third kinde is pressing downe of cranium which coÌ„meth by the weight of the instâ—â—â—ent it is done with or else with a fall froÌ„ some high place is reduced as the precedeÌ„t if it be pressed down by peeces it must be lifted with the eleuator or piâ—cetts meete to draw these peeces without the meÌ„branes apply not the trepaÌ„ if the bones be altogether broken The fourth kind is called incision in the boneâ— wheâ—e of there are diuers kinds according to the diuersity of the instrumeÌ„t according to the which we must diuersifie the remedies if it chance the flesh bone be all cut thou shalt by the couÌ„sel of Celsus euacuat the blood if any be cleanse dresse wel the wouÌ„d close the bone with the flesh sow vp the wound leauing a space for the teâ—â—to euacuat the matter in both sides The fift kind of fracture is called counterclift that is wheÌ„ the cleft of the bone is in the part opposite to the sore and of all fractures this is the worst and deceaueth most the Chirurgian for in it there is no signe but coniecture and by feeling the hurt man in oft putting his hand on the place and if he got the stroke with violence if he fall after he got it if he did vomit notwithstanding there be no cleft where he got the stroke I haue known sundry die in this case chiefly at the battel of Sandlis in France a valiant Captaine of Paris who had a stroke on the right parietarie who notwithstanding of all handling by skilful ChirurgiaÌ„s dyed within 20. daies at which time his cranium was opened and there was founde great quantitie of blood vnder the left parietarie with cleft in the same There is yet another kind of maladie called coÌ„motion or astonishment of the braines the which causeth the same accidents as the the fracture of the cranium is caused by falles from the high places strokes shot of bullets launces or by the sound of a Cannon shot or with the hand as fayth Hyppocrates speaking of a man who gaue a young woman in playing a little blow on the os bregma who incontinent tooke a feuer and conuulsion voided humors by the eare and so dyed We must vnderstand that any violent stroke may astonish the head and be occasion to breake veines and arters not onely of those which passe betweene the sutors but also those betwene the tables for the suspention of dura mater of the which commeth great flux of blood which runneth betwixt the bone and membranes or betwixt the membrane and braines which afterward doth rot and cause many accidents as dyuines of sight vomiting of chollor which chanceth by reason of the nerues of the sixt coniugaton that hath connexion with the stomack in like mannner inflammation of the membranes which communinicate to all the body and causeth feuer rauing aposteme corruption in the braines death The woundes of the head must in no wise be neglected albeit they bee but small for oftentimes in little woundes come great accidentes and especially in bodies euill disposed The cure hereof consisteth first in abstayning from wine and strong drinke vsing ptysan or soddeÌ„ water with a little syrupe of vyolerts or acetose called potus diuinus so continue till the accidentes bee past let the sicke eate little and of good digestion as Capons Chickens Pigeons Veale Mutton and such like vsing a straight dyet till the accidentes bee past in the meane time he may vse Comfitts of Sorrell conserue of Roses for such thinges keepe the vapours from ascending to the head the aire must neyther be hotte nor colde sleepe moderately and purge gently with Clysters bleede in the Cephalicke veine according
an emplastrum of mastick or halfe a beane clouen with a compresse bandage Some feare this kind for that the blood is ill to stay and also for an Aneufrisme it is good in long dolors of the side all dolors that procede frō a hot pituitous substāce also for swining giddines long defluxion on the eyes The 2. Chapter of Boxing and Ventousing VEntousing which the Latines call Ventosatio is no other thing but application of an instrument either for the euacuation of some humor vnder the skinne or to diuerte the course of an humor to some other parte and to draw away such thinges as is hurtfull that nature cannot chace forth and also to drawe out winde in some parte of the bodie It is called cucurbitula or pixis made of brasse horne glasse wood or earth in diuers formes some shorte some long necked for the most part wide bellied and are called ventoses a ventre as saith Auicen some are bigge some lesse according to the proportion of the member the mouth is reasonable wide the lippes round and thicke and are applied most commonly in diuers partes of our bodie They are sometime applyed with scarrification extraction of bloud otherwhiles without scarrification as also on diuers parts of our bodie according to the cause as to draw out some hurtfull humor of the bodie with scarrification and extraction of bloud First we apply them in the necke to euacuate the humor from the head for heauinesse of the head fluxions on the eyes affections of the face and stincke in the mouth secondly wee apply them on the middest of the necke behinde for difficultie of breath and cough thirdly vnder the chinne and sides of the necke for dolors and vlcers of the mouth corruption of the gummes Migrim Opthalmie sore teeth Fourthly on the shoulders for diseases in the Thorax pleuresie spitting of bloud affections on the shoulders of repletion for many affections of the head and throat Fiftly on the region of the reines good for apostumes and dolors of the reines lyuer Sixtly on the middest of the armes for dolor in those partes and in stead of bloudding and is vsed both in olde and young Seuenthly on the os sacrum and thereabouts is good for the hemerroides and fistules in the fundament Eightly on the middest and rootes of the thighes and is good to prouoke the monethly course for Strangurie dolors of the matrix bladder and kidneis The ventouses without scarrification which we call drie ventousing are applyed for the most part in a xi places First on the open of the head for relaxation of Vuula and to stay the rheume as saith Galen Secondly vpon the hypocondres to diuerte the bleeding at the nose as saith Galen when the right nosethrill bleedeth put the ventouses on the region of the lyuer if the left side on the milt so in like manner on all partes that bleede wee put the ventouses on the parte opposite for the communication that the vesselles haue one with an other Thirdly on the pappes to diuerte the purgations that runne much and for the ventositie about the lyuer Fourthly in the beginning of the nerues for Palsie Fiftly on the nauell for the windie collicke Sixtly on the flancke for ventositie of the milte Seuenthly on the nauell or wombe to reduce the intestine or matrix fallen and ventosities in the bellie and dolors which happen in time of purgations Eightly wee apply them on vritors to drawe downe the stones and grauell to the bladder Ninthly on the eares and mouth of vlcers to drawe out any thing contayned therein also for drawing out of poyson Tenthly if any where there is mattir deepe to drawe it out to the superfice as in bubons venerians also in parotides maligne or in any other parte where neede is to drawe any thing to the superfice Eleuenthly on the necke for Squinancie Thinges requisite before the applying of Ventouses FIrst if the body be plethoricke it must be taken away by bleeding otherwise the ventousing is noysome next if the bloud or humors be thicke we vse to foment the place with hotte water rubbe it long with a hotte cloth that ye neuer scarrifie except the application of the drie ventouses haue preceded because the bloud must first bee drawne to the place before it be vacuated that it be not applyed in the bath but an houre or two after The way to apply the ventouses THe Ventouses are applyed with hardes being fastened to the bottome with a little waxe or emplaister to holde it that it fall not on the skinne that being done light them and apply them on the parte Some vse two or three piece◠of waxe candles put on a piece of a carde money or golde the breadth of a crowne being lighted set them on the middes of the parte thereafter apply the ventouse and beeing applyed a certaine space ye shall for to take it away presse the fleshe vnder the lippe of it to let in the ayre and so it shall fall which beeing done make certaine scratches in the skinne with a launcet sometime many otherwhiles fewe in delicate folke and children wee make fewe scarrifications if the bloud be thicke make the scarrifications profound if the humor and bloud be subtill the scarrifications must bee superficiall and apply the ventouses as before let it remayne a reasonable time and euacuate the bloud as ye shall finde expedient if not sufficiently at one time ye may reiterate twise or thrise alwayes scarrifiyng especially when there is venenositie or malignitie in the place by reason of the bloud being thicke and grosse That beeing done it shall be very necessary and expedient to drie the place with a softe cloth annoynt it with oyle of roses butter cerat Galen or rosat Mesnes and sleepe an houre after The third Chapter of Horsleaches or Bloudsuckers and their Effectes THese little beastes which the Latines call Sanguisuga or Hirudines in our toungue Horsleaches are little wormes the length of two inches or three great like to a goose quill well knowne to all Chirurgians ingendred in fresh water pondes pooles of the which there are two sortes the one maligne as those which are bread in rotten standing water where carrion hath bene cast of the which come great accidentes as tumor inflamation vlcers apostumes venenous as we reade of one Messelinus who dyed by putting one on his knee Therefore wee must abstayne from those that haue the head greater then the rest of the body and are greene coloured glittering with blew rayes on the backe the rest of the bodie being blacke we must chuse such as are found in cleane water in pondes and sandie ground that haue their head little and bodies small round red bellied the backes rayed like threedes of golde such shall bee kept a day or two in cleane water to purge them afore they be applyed as also to cause them drawe the
better Some keepe them ten or twelue dayes chaunging the water once in two or three dayes after the which manner they may be kept a whole yeere in glasses or pottes of earth chaunging the water once in x. dayes wee vse them for the same purpose as scarrifications and in such places where ventouses cannot bee applied as in the lippes gummes legges fundament mouth of the matrix such partes as are emptie of fleshe as nose fingers toes also about olde vlcers and apostumes of the emunctoires and others that are venenous rubbing the parte ye put them on till it grow redde They draw onely superficially the bloud which is in the flesh and so are good pro morbis subter cutaneis if they be applied on the fundament they make euacuation from all the members The part where wee applie them must be cleane otherwise they will not bide thereafter take them with a piece of cleane cloth handle them softly not touching them with the bare hand hold their head to the part you would haue them bite for the more easie doing thereof we put a drop of Pigeons or Chickins blood on the part or pricke the part a little to cause the blood to come out then if you would haue them drawe much cut the endes of them with the sheeres to let the blood runne otherwise when they fall of apply freshe in their place or put on twoo or three in the begining as ye find expedient To make them fall sooner yee shall put a corne of salt or drop of vineger on their heade or a fewe ceudres or seperate them with a horse haire If after the fall the place bleede much wee apply cotton or burnt cloth or cloth wet in cold water or halfe a beane clouen and bound on it If there be venenositie in the part after they fall we foment the place with water and salt sometime a cornet or little ventouse The fourth Chapter of Seton the qualities of it and way to apply it SEton which the Latins call Seta is no other thing but a little cord which in old time was made of haire or thread and now of silk or cloth or wollen yarne is drawen through the skin with a needle for the purpose in sundry parts of our bodies for diuers occasions as ye shall heare First and most commonly we apply it in the neck betwixt the and fift thirde vertebre sometime lower downe and is good to diuert draw away fluxion on the eyes Cattarrs which come from the head and fall on the stomack and gummes lightes back and other parts of the body Secondly we apple it on the nauell when it is swollen with water and humors Thirdly in the codds for waterie tumors contayned in those parts as also for those that are Hydropick Fourthly we apply them on wounds which passe out through for the better euacuation of the matter they are applyed eyther as did our auntients or without fire as now is commonly done for the doing whereof we set the sick in a chaire then one taketk the neck behind or other part where ye will apply it equallie in his hands neyther more on the one side nor the other the one hand lower downe and the other more vpward leauing a space betwixt the hands Then the Chirurgian shall take hold of the same with his pincers for that purpose therafter pâ—rce it with a sharp needle through both the holes of the pincers being first threaded with the Seton or Cord beware yee prick not the Muscle of the Neck thereafter holding the skin with the pincers cause the sick moue his head so ye shall easily perceiue if the Muscle be taken hold of and if it be let go the gripe and take onely the skin and draw through the Needle and Seton which shal be an ell in length or there-abouts great like a Goose quill take the Needle and let the Seton remaine and rubbe it with digestiue fresh Butter or Cerat Galen with an emplaster of Cerat or such like for Two or Three dayas thereafter Diapalma or Beronica some put onely Woodbynd leaues drawing it a little euery day in the Morning and at Night it being almost neare the end ye shall draw it the other way by this meanes it will serue a Moneth or Sixe weeks When ye will change it sow an other new Seton to the end thereof in such sort that it slipp not in the through going so cut away the old and leaue the new and so continue so long as shal be expedient that is till the humor be well euacuated vsing in the meane time some meete remedies vntill the humor be diuerted intercepted and euacuated Some vse this a yeare or Two according to the greatnes of the disease purge the body afore ye apply it and after it is taken away The fift Chapter of Canters Actuall and Potentiall CAnter called by the Latins Canterinum is a thing which hath vertue to burne rhe fleshe bones or any part where it is applyed whereof there are two sorts to wit actuall and potentiall The actuall is that which actually doth burne and is made of Gold Siluer brasse Iron or Lead in diuers fashions according to the maladie and part where they are applyed as ye haue heard in wounds and vlcers yet most commonly they are vsed for Foure causes first in staunching of blood in veines and arters secondly for Gangrens and Mortification Carbuncles and Bubones excepting alwayes when there is no inflammation in the part thirdly in bones that are rotten for it is enemy to rottennts helpeth the separation of the bones fourthly in maling vlcers and byting of venemous beasts The canter potentiall which the Latins call Canterium Potentiale or Pyroticum is that which hath the force by extreame heate to burne the part where it is applyed but actually as the other and is composed of diuers matter that are for the most part extreame hot like as Cartharideâ— Vitrioll Tartar Arsnic Orpiment Sublimat strong water oyle of vitrioll Cloues Sage and Brimstone or of dyuers othâ—r thinges as the ashes of the Oake or Figge tree of Vines or Beane stalkes quick lyme salt Nitre Armoniack Axungia viâ—ri Granley all which ye may vse together or some of them in water which we call Capitellum or Lixiuiâ—um and is eyther strong or weake according to the Ingredientes For the making of the which ye shall take a certaine of these thinges and steepe them in water three or foure dayes sturring it Morning and Euening theÌ„ passe it through a cloth seeth it on the fire in a pan of brasse till it be coÌ„gealed to salt which being taken from the fire shal be cut in little peeces and put in glasses close stopt that no ayre enter in The way to make diuers sorts of Canters is thus take the ashes of the vine quick lyme graneley axungia vitri an halfe a pound allom and vitrioll roman of ech
de sanitate tuenda Lib. de sanitate tnenda 3. lib. de sanitate tuenda 25. lib. cap. 57. Lib. de bono malo succo 2. aphoris Lib. ad glauco 5. aphoris Lib. 1. sanitate tuenda 9. aphoris Lib. 2.3 aphoris Lib. de sanitate tuenda Lib. de victu in morbis acutis Lib. de lusu pile Lib. 2. compen medicine 6. epidemior De morborum causis cap. 5. Lib. 1. simptomatuum causis Paul agineta Lib. 1. Hip. lib. de in somnijs Card. lib. 1. de somnis 6. de tuenda valetudine cap. 5. Aristto Lib. de contradiceÌ„t â—us â—edicorum Lib. de oculis In Aphorismis Lib. de somnijs 3. Aphorismorum Iesus lib. de oculis Paulus Aegeneia Lib. 1. cap. 15. Haliab Les. li. 5 Lib. 3. cap. 8. 6. de locis affectis Cap. 5. de animalibus â—â—â—idimioruÌ„ 〈◊〉 simpt causis cap 5. â— method Mirth Lib. 9. cap. 12. Sadnesse Ad Atticum Lib. 7. cap. 36. 5. De Symtomatum causis Shamefastnesse Haliabbas li. 5. Enuie Hatred Esperance Loue. 2. De temperamentis et 1. de SymptomatuÌ„ causis Lib. de simpt differentijs Definition Galen 2. ad Glan cap. 7. Cause Galen lib. 13. method cap. 5. 6. Galen lib. 2. de differ febr cap vltimo ca. 7. de curatione p. sanguinis missionem 6. epedemiorum Haly abbas lib 8. Signes generall Signes Galen 14. meth cap. 9. Com. 2 3 apho lib. 1. prog Difference Galen lib. tumor coÌ„tra naturam cap. 5. 13. motho cap. Iudgment Gal. ad Glanc cap. 4. lib. 1. 4. method 1. prognostic Gordon perti 1 Degrees Gal. lib. de totius morbi ca. 3. cap. 1. de morbo teÌ„poribus Aetius lib. 4. Aetius lib. 4. cap. 31. Paulus lib. 4. cap. 17. com aphor 47. lib. 2. Cure Galen 13. method cap. 2. Gal. ad Glan ca 2. lib. 3. met cap. 4.5.6 cap. 9. de curatione per sanguinis missionem 5. meth cap. 3. Gal. lib. 5. simplic cap. 19. Gal. lib. 13. method cap. Galen lib. 14. method cap. 1.4.5 Gal. lib. 1. prognost com aphor 35. Gal. lib. 14 method cap. 3. Gal. ad Glanc cap. 2. Gal. lib. 7. method cah 13. ca. 7 lib. 4. method Gal. 2. ad Glan Gal. 7. metho cap. 1â— Gal. artis paruae cap. 9. â—â—len lib. 2. ad Gâ—aue cap. 2. Antonius Beueuenius Hollerius Marianus sanctus Hipp. 2. progn Cornelius Celsus Galen 13. meth cap. 1. Definition Galen 14. method cap. 1. Differâ—â—â—â— Lib. de differentijs morborum cap. 12. Cause Signes Gal. 13. meth cap. 1. Haliabbas lib. 8. Iudgementes Cure Com. 3. epidemiorum Gal. 13. meth cap. 6. Gal. lib. 1. simp cap. 6. Gal. 13. meth cap. 6 Lib. 4. cap. 17. Gal. 2. ad Glan cap. 7. lib. 5. suplic cap. 8. aphor 22. lib. 1 Pau. lib. 6. cap. 34. Gal. 13. metho cap. 5. Gal. aphor 27. lib. 6. Celsus lib. 7. cap. 2. Lib. 1. cap. 26 Definition Celsus lib. 5. Cause Paul lib. 4. ca. 23. Hip. lib. de humidorum vsu Cure Lib. tumo coÌ„tra naturam Definition Gal. tougastius Cause Signes Cel. lib. 5. ca. 8. Iudgement Cure Paulus lib. 4. cap. 25. Galen lib. 5. meth cap. 10. Hipp. Gal. 13. metho cap. 6. holleris lib. 1. de materia chirurgica Gal. Guido Rogâ—nt theodericuâ— Definition Gal. 2. de locis affectis et 2. ad Glanc cap. 10. com in aphor 50. lib. 7. Cause Gal. 2. ad Glan Signes Iudgementes Paul lib. 4. Celsus Cure Gal. 2. ad Glanc cap. 9. Arnoldus de villa noua Paul lib. 4. cap. 19. Cornelius Celsus Gal. 2. ad Glanc cap. 9. Definition Albacrasis lib. 2. cap 87. Cause Signes Iudgementes Celsus lib. 5. Cure Celsus lib. 5. cap. de sphaselo Lib. de hemen Gal. 2. ad Glanc The way to knit veines SecoÌ„d dressing Clowes Definition Haly abbas lib 8. Gal. 14. metho cap. 2. lib. 2. ad glanc cap. 1. Lib. cap. cita to Arnold de villa noua Gal. 2. ad glanc Cause Signes Iugdmentes Hip. 25. aphor Cure Paul lib. 4. cap 21. Cel. lib. 5. cap. 26. Gal. 14. meth cap. 3. Definition Gal. li. ad GlaÌ„c cap. 1. Difference Gal. com aph 45. lib. 6. Hipp. lib. 22. predict et 6. aphor et Gal. lib. contra naturam Hip. lib. 3. epidemiorum Gal. Cause Signes Cure Gal. 2. ad Glan et lib. 14. meth cap. 17. Oricasius lib. 7 synopseos cap. 34. Hipp. lib. de vlceis Rogerius tract secundo Definition Cal. 2. ad Glanc cap 3. Com. aphor 2 sectione 1. et lib. 6. epid et aphor 12. secti eius lib. et lib. de officinae medici Cal. 2. ad Glanc cap. 3. et aphor 21. lib. 4. de curatione victu in morbis acutis Cause Lib. 14. meth cap. 4. Signes Gal. 2. ad Glanc cap. 3. Paul lib. 4. cap. 27. et 14. meth cap. 4. Iudgementes Cure Gal. lib. de attenuatione victus cap. 1. Hipp. 6. epide Gal. 2. de saniâ—â—te tuenda Lib. 4. meth cap 4. Gal. 2. simp Paul lib. 4. cap. 27. Auicen tract 2 cap. 3. Definition Gal. 14. meth cap. 7. Auicen lib. 4. cap. 2. Difference Cause Gal. lib· 3. simtomatuÌ„ causis 2. ad glanc cap. 6. oribasius lib. 7. sinop ca. cap. 50. Signes Paul lib. 4. ca. 28. Cure Paul lib. 4. ca. 28. Auicen Paul lib. 6. cap. 36. Definition Cause Signes Togalius cap. de ateoremate Petrus Franco de steotemate Cure Paulus lib. 4. Aetius 15. Definition Gal. 2. ad glanc cap. 5. Difference Gal 2. ad glanc cap. 9. Gal lib. tumorum cap. 9. lib. 5. simpl cap 9. Cause Gal. 14. meth cap 3. Gal. 5. simpl ca. 8 lib. de locis aff cap 3. Gal. lib. 3. meth cap. 16. Paul lib. 4. ca. 32. Signes Iudgementes Cure Gal. 2. ad Glanc Gal. 2. ad Glanc Gal. lib. tumorum contra naturam cap. 6. et 4. meth cap 9. et 2. ad Glan cap. 11. Lib. 6. aphor cap. 38. Definition Celsus lib. 5. cap. 28. Auicen tract 2. cap. 15. Guido Difference Paul Aegin cap de carsinomate Lib. 4. cap. 26. Cause Gal. 14. meth Gal. 2. ad Glanc Paul lib. 4. cap 26. Aetius 4. tract lib. 4. cap. 43. Signes Iudgementes Aetius lib. cita Hip. lib. 6. aph 38. Ioh. de Vigo lib. 2. apost Alexander tral cap. de carsinomate Cure Paul lib. 4. cap. 26. Definition Difference Com. aphor 3. lib. 4. de ratione victus Cause Rondoletius Paul lib. 6. cap. 3. Aetius lib. 6. cap. 1. Signes Iudgments Cure Definition Cause Paul lib. 6. cap. 3. Cure Auicen Oâ—basius lib. 7. sinopseos Heurnius lib. 2 praxis mediciâ— Definition Gal. 1. de accid morb Paul lib. 3. cap. 22. Cause Gordon pertic 3. cap. 2. Signes Iudgments Gordon lib. citato Cure Zenopha Iesus lib. de oculis Galen 13. therapeutic Hip. de oculorum morbis Definition Cause Signes Iudgementes Gordon partie 3. Cure Definition Paul lib. 3. Cause Paul lib. 3. cap. 23. Lanfranc tract 3.