vulgar being ignorant of the causes of them do Calumniate and sleight all the Judgments of Chirurgions and their so admirable Art together See how it is weighed and esteemed at nought and contemned by the ignorant and all this by reason of the small care which Chirurgions have to minde it well But to shew that the knowledge of the Starrs is most necessary for a Chirurgion I will insert a History which may serve as an example to those who shall know well how to put it in practice A Remarkable History It happened that at Chatellerault a Chirurgion having blooded a Maid in the right arme in the time when the Moon passed under the signe of Gemini on the next day about noon there came upon her a great defluxion causing inflammation with a feaver at the same time this Maide goes complaining to another Chirurgion saying that one had spoiled her had prickt her Nerve that it rendred her a Cripple using revilings concerning him that had blooded her they appeased her as well as they could promising her it would be nothing and that she should be suddainly cured applying unto her at the same instant a Cataplasm continuing Cataplasm upon Cataplasm and making Revulsion by blooding but notwithstanding all they could do the Arme became extreamly swell'd yea to the danger of her person insomuch that in a short time the same was known through the whose town and behold here the Poor Chirurgion is so disgraced as not to be ever received into any house upon any occasion whatsoever the present age is so scruplous being ignorant of things how they may happen Which he seeing resolved to frame a rational excuse to defend his reputation and to maintain his innocence which he did when there was a pretty Company together in the house of the said sick person his reasons were these That she was upon the point of her Termes and that her body was Cachochymicall and full of humours and that at the time when she was blooded she helpd at the washing a Buck and also to do other business of the house and other things which might excite defluxion and attraction in the part having been blooded before for if so it had been said he that I had prickt the Nerve or Tendon the Accidents would have appeared in the same instant as convulsion Spasm great pain in the part difficulty in the Action none of which happening saith he one may thereby judge that it was none of my fault In Lunar purgations the vein of the Arme must not be opened But that is contrary for his reasons served to fight against himself for since she was upon the point of her purgations he ought not to have been so rash as to have opened a vein on her Arme but rather the Saphena for provoking them and several other reasons which rendered him mute confessing as it were by his silence that he was in fault but if he had known how to have discoursed or argued concerning the science of Astronomie he had been heard attentively in regard that was not vulgar to them Notwithstanding continuing to dresse the Maide she was cured in three weeks but not without having indured a great deal of pain I have been willing to relate this story which happened in the year 1613. in the said Chastelerand in the shop of a Chirurgion named Bureau to the end I might induce and provoke the Chirurgion to learn the Constellation of the Starrs with all his power for otherwise it is impossible that he should come to his intended end of Phlebotomy Elective without some dangerous accident which I have seen happen severall times but for brevity sake I shall passe on Yet notwithstanding Guidon dela Nanche speaking of blooding in his Tract Dela Santé Corporelle saith that he hath seen severall expert and famous Chirurgions of his time as well at Paris and Mont-pelliere as at other good Cities of France and at the Court and Armies-Royall let blood which hath caused swellings in the Armes and other parts which have been blooded and many other evil accidents which as he saith flattering himself did arive by the fault of the Patient pulling back or throwing up his Arme through fear or sudaine apprehension or by having lain upon his Arme after blooding or by sleeping or by having wrought or exercised the Arme. In the second Tome lib. 2. Chap. 16. He here deceives himself exceedingly for if he had searched further he would have found that it is rather the fault of the Phlebotomiser then the Phlebotomised for in regard they are ignorant of the concurrence of the Starrs and of the houre and time wherein they govern the part they commit these blockish and irreparable faults Objection This is also for answer to that which may be objected That several sick persons are blooded at the same time and yet they are not ill It may be so but I say that if there happen no Malady in the part touched with the Lancet yet there happens other Symptomes as vomitting weaknesse vertigo Giddy-headed souning nocturnall paines and sometimes death Accidents ariving in blooding through ignorance of the Starrs Objection But may some say that is by reason of the great evacuation of blood To that I answer that experience lets us see every day that when there hath not been drawn out perhaps an half ounce of blood from the patient that he falls into some one of these accidents Objection Yes but will some reply that is because he hath conceited such a thing but who hath ever heard say that that which one hath premeditated it may be a day or two before is capable to do us hurt when we come to effect it It cannot be in anywise wherefore let us leave all these Trifles and let us follow verity Objection But will some one reply the knowledge of the Starrs with the observation of them is prohibited To that I answer That in truth if one should beleeve that the Starrs had Soveraigne power over men he would be worthy of Censure but we do not find in any place that any person hath ever been blamed for knowing and observing the elevation of the Starrs Advertisment of the Authour For Conclusion I shall content my self to admonish the Chirurgion Phlebotomist to behave himself wisely with reason in the extraction of blood for it is the treasure of life insomuch that you had better conserve and cleanse the blood then to evacuate it inconsiderably in regard that doth shorten our daies and is the cause of severall other Accidents as we have said elsewhere But will some say By what reason would you make use of the extraction of blood in the time of necessity as when a man falls from on high in great Contusions of the interiour and exteriour parts or when one hath received some dry blow or in the Plurisie and other Maladies whereof you discourse in your time of necessity To that I answer that it is true I discourse of it for three
I perceive these to scoff at my pen perceiving I treat of an operation which hath been so learnedly deduced before our time by some of the most sublime personages which antiquity hath produced To this I answer that although one would thinke one could say nothing more upon this subject there having been severall Volumes of it yet notwithstanding they are not performed with that method wherewith I treat of Phlebotomy in this place not following the old opinions because that would be nothing but singing the same song again but discovering the fault which people daily fall into in this so important operation I describe a means so to behave ones self that one shall very seldome fall into irrepairable faults Wherein I do assure my self loving Reader that if putting off all Passions thou dost come with a favourable eye to look on these Lines which proceeding from an honest Leasure do run the hazard of Censure thou wilt confesse that it is not without great consideration that I have put hand to pen to a Treatise of this matter Not that I have been provoked thereunto by any vain-glory but possessed with a good desire to serve the Publique And truly I should have beleeved I had faild of my duty if having received something peculiar from the Liberall hand of the Almighty I should not have distrubuted it to the lovers of true Learning To the end that all their and my workes might be to the honour and glory of God for the edification and health of our Neighbour and to the salvation of our souls To which God Father Son and Spirit be rendred all honour and glory for ever Amen A Treatise of Phlebotomy A TREATISE OF Phlebotomy CHAP. I. What Phlebotomy is It s property and of that which is to be observed particularly for the good performance thereof MAny Philosophers both Graecians Latines and Barbarians after they had diligently contemplated all sorts of Animals curiously sought out their manner of living and compar'd their Condition and Nature with ours have writ that amongst all Creatures breathing and moving upon the Earth Man is more miserable then al Animals and the reasons therefore There is not any more Miserable than Man by reason of his unsatiable desire and disorderly Appetite for continually he is hunting after new food and having found any according to his taste he devoureth them after such a fashion that I exceedingly admire that the bellyes of many are not already rotten and infected by that excesse of drunkennesse and debauchery which they do commit I am amazed in thinking of it And what doth there proceed from it except abundance of Rheums Catharrs and infinite other kindes of diseases which do nothing but adulterate change and corrupt this second part of our generation The treasure of life the seat of the Naturall heate the matter or substance of the seed and of the Milke of the Duggs or Papps that is to say the Blood which is so well dispersed and mingled through all the parts of our bodies that there is not any one of those parts which doth not receive its nourishment from it and there is not any good thing in us which is not maintained and supported by It. It is the Mother of the spirits which does impregnate the seat of the faculties for the maintaining the strength of the whole Body which does foment and entertain its primitive moisture It is so replenished with spirits that the conservation thereof is the cause of our life insomuch that some have esteemed that it was the proper seat and habitation of the Life and that therefore our unruly wills accompanied with our more then unreasonable Debaucheries are causes that this continuance of our lives is almost wholly extinguished One shall see nothing else in the Countryes but Doctors and Docteresses for the renewing of this scource of our lives so many bloodings made improperly that I wonder that instead of helping their Patients they do not destroy them The diligence of the Learned Chirurgion praised Not that I would here blame the diligence of the Learned skilful Physitian and Chirurgian who as friends to nature do endeavour with all their might to preserve her in her health or integrity And that by purging and cleansing or evacuation which last is not to be done but by incision of a Veine This is called Phlebotomy 〈◊〉 word Compounded of the Greek words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies a Veine and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say division of whole parts The derivation of the word Phlebotomy Behold therefore why in particular this word is taken for making incision of a Vein by which evacuation is made of blood and other humors contained with it Galen 13. Method Ch. 6. You must take notice that there are severall sorts of bloodings As of a Veine of an Artery Scarrifications and others we will speak especially as to Phlebotomy For what causes one should open a Vein We make bloodings for six principall causes The first To Evacuate Secondly To divert turn back or make Revulsion Thirdly To Attract Fourthly To Change Fifthly To preserve And sixthly to alleviate which is according as all those who have treated of this matter have defined it But let us content our selves with these two Causes to wit Plethorall and Chachochymicall the one consists in nothing but too great quantity of humors the other in the evil quality How far Phlebotomy doth extend its self But the benefit of Phlebotomy doth not extend it self only to the evacuation of the fulness which ought to be made according to the kinde or difference of it but also to divert and to drain which are the three sorts of evacuation It serves also for great and extream paines principally when they proceed from Tention insomuch that all the learned Physitians and Chirurgions do hold that blooding is a most excellent assured remedy if the rules requisite thereunto be therein well observed yea more ready and secure then Laxative Physick which being taken works immediately and forceth its operation it not being in our power to hinder it Phlebotomy more safe then purging Physick But Phlebotomy the Reines of the Conduct whereof we hold doth nothing but what seems good unto us forasmuch as we do stopp it and draw it forth when we please And in truth among all Chirurgicall operations blooding holds the first Ranke because it is the Common remedy of diseases which proceed from Plethore and Cacochymie as we have said before both which are the Antecedent causes of diseases What Plethore and Cacochymy is Let us then define what Plethore and Cacochymie is and then we will appropriate unto them Revulsion and Derivation Plethore is nothing else then a repletion of all the humors equally increased or else of the blood onely Cacochymie is a repletion of Choller Melancholy or Phlegme Plenitude hath two kindes the one Ad vires and the other Ad vasa there is another added unto them called Supra
vires The first to wit Ad vires Although that the blood be not excessive neither in quantity nor in quality yet it may oppresse the weak powers notwithstanding the other to wit Ad vasa surpasseth the Naturall Symmetry or proportion But although the vessells seem to burst by reason of the abundance of blood if it doth not suffocate the powers but it happens that the strength is debilitated thereby This then shall be plenitudo supra vires But it must be taken notice that Cacochymie is threefold Cholerick Melancholick and Phlegmatique Enough of this for he that would see more therein let him reade Lafframboisiere in his Loix de Medicine Let us now return to Revulsion and Derivation where we find there is great difference between the one and th' other forasmuch as the Revulsion is to be performed on the Contrary part according to Galen Galen in the 5. of his Meth. Ch. 5. If the right Nostril bleed you must apply a Cupping-glass upon the Region of the Liver but if both do bleed you must apply two th' one upon the right Hypocondre or flanck and the other upon the left and if the distemper be strong one must breathe the vein under the elbow If the mouth and the throat be distempered open the Cephalique and it is Revulsion and if one draw blood from the veines under the tongue it is Derivation In like manner if the hinder part of the head ake you must make Revulsion by the vein of the arme then Derivation by the vein of the forehead also Revulsion and Derivation must be made on the same side if it may be as if there be a Phlegmon in the Liver you must breathe the Basilique or Mediane of the right Arme If in the spleen on the left If in the kidneyes the Bladder or privities you must open the vein of the ham or Ankles If in the right Leg on the Right Arme Gal. in his 13. meth Ch. 11. and Aph. 36. d. 6. If in one Arme on the other and so of the rest if it maybe as I said before forasmuch as if there happeneth a Phlegmon in the Liver and that the Right Arme should be hurt one cannot nor ought not to take any blood from it but you ought to take it from the other Arme or from the Ankle-veines Oribas l. 1. Ch. 22. Note that they Lance the Arteries especially those of the Temples to evacuate the hot windy humors which flow into the eyes and cause tedious paines of the head vertigoes or swimmings of the head which are principally caused by hot things and windy and the Arteryes behind the eares are for the same effect Gal. 13. Metho Ch. 22. One never lanceth the Great Arteries as those of the Armes and other places As well because of the too great dissipation of the vitall spirits as because there can be no agglutination or knitting made there by reason of their continuall moving we will speak more largly hereof hereafter Observations concerning blooding It is time now to know who are they who ought to be blooded and those who ought not so to be Those who can easily bear such lancing to whom it can do no hurt are those who have a strong constitution the veins bigg full large who are neither lean nor wasted who have their colour good and ruddy their flesh firme hard and solid those who are of a contrary disposition cannot bear it healthfully neither must one blood Children before the age of fourteen nor old men after threescore and ten unlesse in case of great and extream necessity and considering this That with the blood slides forth part of the life which you must alwayes do prudently measureing the greatnesse of the disease with the power of the Patient's strength to the end that one may easily judge of the matter or substance and likewise of the evacuation but you ought not only to consider of the forces or vertue at present but to know for the future if they will be sufficient to support the length and continuation of the disease also you must observe if those whom you blood have been accustomed to be lanced For those who have not been accustomed to it do not undergo it easily Insomuch that Custome must be considered in all manner of evacuation especially as to that of blood Moreover all those who have weak stomacks or who are wrought on and opprest by the Dyarrhe or loosenesse and flux of the belly or who undergo some indigestion ought not to be blooded also the women with Childe ought to abstain from it principally in their first and last months also those who have used too great sobriety those who are of a cold and Phlegmatick Nature and those who Live in a Region or Air too cold or too hot do not easily bear blooding All things which weaken the powers as horror and trembling the immoderate use of venery too great frequenting the bath the flux of the belly whether it be by nature or Physick great perplexity and care watchings and labour and tedious diseases do prohibit our use of blooding For conclusion whether to blood or not to blood All these things above mentioned and severall others must be observed which I shall here omit for fear of being accused of writing any thing here which hath been already long ago treated of by the more Learned somuch more for that reading their writings I lose my hopes of being able to say any thing upon this subject worthy to see the light All which would have been enough to have rendred my pen silent in this affaire if the greatnesse of the case which ought to be examined by divers writings together with a good will which doth move my affection to be able in something to serve in publique had not imboldened me unto it And also to leave unto posterity some mark of my duty And that as well to solace and refresh the Memory of my Companions in Chirurgery giving them also some entrance into Astrologicall observation which few among them know The Charity of the Authour As also for the health and benefit of those who are to be blooded having alwayes preferred the health of the poor sick persons who need blooding or those who use it to preserve themselves from diseases before the ariving to my owne gain and profit The great errour and Covetousnesse of some Phlebotomists Many of the Chirurgions of our time do let blood at all houres at all times at all seasons and all ages without considering the power and strength of the party whom they Lance induced thereunto by this cursed desire of gain never taking heed to the accidents which may come upon those who have bin blooded making evacuation of more blood then they ought or else making operation upon the Member at the time wherein the Starre is ruling or predominant there insomuch that some are dead by reason of the undue administration of this Remedy which hath cut of the use off
which doth not seem unto me any way considerable But rather regard ought to be had above all things to the specifique virtue of Medicines against every disease because to heale well one need not take great paines upon accidents As one who would extinguish the fire doth not take paines about the smoake because the disease being taken away the accidents discontinue Notwithstanding if the Accidents surpasse the disease in this case one leaves the disease to take heed to the Accidents as in the great Haemoragie or flux of blood at the Fundament Oh thou second Hippocrates divine Paracelsus what great obligation have we unto thee but rather what obligation have we not unto thee for having conducted us even to the perfection of Physick If the Learned Galen were living I am certain he would say seeing the Bookes of Parracelsus as he did formerly when he saw the books of Hippocrates Let us begin at them And I believe that instead of disparaging them as many Jack-Apes do he would give an entire explanation of them which Apes neither will nor can take the paines to finde out new remedies for the poor afflicted sick persons Therein doing as a bad Shoomaker shooing eâ—ery man by the same Last for in truth I am confident there is a Thousand and a Thousand of those who say that a hot remedy must be used to a cold disease who know not to render a reason wherefo e it should be so done But I will insist upon this and do ask Wherefore names are given to simple vegetalls which do also belong to severall parts of our bodies As the little Leaves and flowers of Bâ—thonie to the head Mirabolans Citerinae Alleluga or Sorrell and Mellifol or Baulme to the heart The Pulmonaria or Lungwort to the Lungs The Hepatica Lichen or Liver-wort and the Jecoraria to the Liver The Aspelnum to the Spleene The Vmbilicus Veneris for the Navell The Calamus Aromaticus and Cassia fistula for the Intestins The Vesicaria for the Bladder To the hands the Palma Christi The Plantain or five-Nerve to the Nerves Savina to the Veines For the Tibia and the bones Legeranium Ossisana Mace for the Matrix For the Teeth Dentaria For the Throat the Cervicaria and Vlmaria To the eares the Leaves of Asari and so of others Will you answer me That because they have some kinde of agreement with those parts that therefore by consequence they have some kinde of property contrary to the Maladies that seize upon such parts Courage I will wager oh rejoyce the Ape who sought to devour this holy Science is taken his own self that he cannot escape But tell me consider a little the qualities of these simples with the cause of the Maladies that happen in these parts and you shall find That men have not amused themselves to give names to these Plants for any cause but the Sympathy which they have with them giving relief and succour to those parts when wrought upon by diseases or Maladies And this is done by the property which they have to drive out such or such a Maladie and strengthen the part affected and not by reason of their heat or cold And therefore it is that we see in Pestilent feavours they give some Theriaque or Methridate which are of a hot quality having in no wise respect to the Feavor which is caused by heat Medicaments prepared by Chymical art are more wholsome then Common ones But to the end that such Medicines be powerfull well tempered and altogether friendly to Nature recourse must be had to Quint-essences very dexteriously extracted from every compost whether Vegetall Animall or Minerall according to the specific virtue which nature hath given to every one of them respectively The same thing might I say as to Metalls for what meanes this pleasant harmonie with the heavenly bodyes if they had not some agreement one with the other as also of the principall parts of our bodies with the Caelestiall and the Mettalls The Harmony which the heavenly bodies have with our humane bodies As the Sun in the middle of the 7. Planets so is the heart which is subject to it placed in the midle or man for the first and last mover having within it self the Artery beating without rest which is the Ecliptique of the Zodiack wherein the Sun continues without rendring it self Erratick which hath as a center to its spheare the Navell and the Continent thereof and from the Groynes to the Furculary bones the neck Comprehended and lends to the Masse this part of the Lyliaste called vitall power And as the Sun is the most excellent above all Planets in like manner also he hath agreement with the most excellent of all Metall viz. Gold Let us proceed and speak of Saturn the Center of whose Spear is in the Arteryes and who hath for its Region the Cavity of the Conduits the Ligaments Nerves Marrow Joynts the bone of the head the forehead the hollow of the eyes and the upper part of the Nose and for its entire body the Spleen and there placeth the receptive faculty and hath Sympathy with Lead as his true Legitimate Child Let us come to Jupiter who hath for his Sphericall Center the Lungs and for its Region the windpipe Trache or Artery the Muscles serving for respiration and the Skin of the head and from him his naturall virtue hath Communication with Tynn Let us speak of Mars who hath for his Center the bagg of the Gall and for Region to his Sphere hath the face from the eyes downwards the palms of the hands the soal of the foot and the neck of the Matrix where he sowes the Irascible and expulsive power and adjoynes to Iron Then Venus extends her rule and her Sphear upon the vessells destined to generation and gives the Concupiscible faculty and pleasant tickling doth Communicate her power to Copper Afterwards comes the Sphear of Mercury which spreads it self in the interiour of the stomack comprised in the Superiour Orifice wherein fear hath its place and sorrow in the Inferiour and laughter in the small Guts and for Center to its Spheare hath the Liver where he plants the Fantastique virtue and hath power over Quick-silver Lastly The Moon possesseth the bone of the back the shoulders the Loynes or vertue in venery and retaines for entire body Brain giving the growing virtue or power and having Silver for her Inferiour You must draw Metalique Medicines for the Maladies of the same kinde And it happening that one of those parts become depraved it appears and is made known in the place of its Emuncter and then I pray will it not be necessary to extract Remedies from Metalls to heale Metalique distempers without inquiring sophistically whether they be hot or cold diseases Wherefore it is that we see Mercury to be the true Alexipharmacon of the poyson of the Pox being as it were like in quality to the essence of this disease But how much effectuall would it be if the
sick person in the Rigor of the seavor for he that doth it is the Cutter of his throat But if the feavour doth not increase and also doth not decrease and we do not hope for any declination of it in such a case you must not lose this onely occasion of blooding although it be worse then in the declination of the fit In the hand-gout and the foot-gout one may open the veins of the foot or the hand for the Migren the Arteries and veines of the Temples and by this evacuation of the blood which floweth with the Arthritique powers and the boyling spirits which evacuate the pain presently ceaseth But in the intermitting feavour blooding ought to be not after the third accesse or fit as Galen would have it but in the beginning but this evacuation of the blood ought to be understood to be if there be Plethory in the body and fulnesse of the vessells and for the breathing and refreshing of the Masse of humors for otherwise there should be no evacuation of the blood because it is the bridle of the Choler In the quartain feavour or again if the blood do abound you must take some from the Mediane or Basilique of the left Arme or from the splenique veine with this Caution that if the blood do shew it self black and dull or thick you may let it run but on the contrary you must stop it preâ—ently if it shew it self fresh and well coloured In the cure of the Fehris Synochus a continuall feavor the benefit of Phlebotomy causes the opening of the belly and the sweatings to issue forth very abundantly a thing much to be wished in this kinde of feaver which moved Galen to say that one ought to bleed in this case even untill Lipothemie but notwithstanding fearing that one should let slip the soul with the blood one ought rather to reiterate it severall times as much as the strength of the sick party can bear it even in the burning feaver espece de Tierce continue one ought to blood in a good quantity if the powers the age and other Circumstances do permit In like manner you ought to blood in the quartain feaver Glistering first for the doing whereof Artificially you must open the veine of the left Arme which hath more Communication with the Spleen to which the most part of this feaver is often heaped We say also that in Pestilent feavers we must not indifferently as is done presently when they see the person strook with the plague prescribe him blooding which hath been often times the cause of the death of an infinite Number of persons but if the matter be urgent in quantity quality and Motion I must draw a conclusion That in the Plague occasioned by the viciousnesse of the Ayre with fulnesse of blood and humors Blooding I say together with purgation are there necessary which is held sorth by the saying of Celsus Cels Lib. 3. Ch. 7. That forasmuch as the Plague is an Active and Tempestative disease you must quickly use remedyes even with rashness Wherefore you must consider if the person infected hath a burning feaver and great repletion in the Conduits and that the virtue be strong which may be known by the veins being full and stretched the eyes and the face greatly inflamed also sometimes in spitting blood with great beating of the Arteries of the Temples pain in the throat pain or difficulty in breathing pricking or shooting throughout the body with exceeding heavinesse and dulnesse the waters or urine being red thick and troubled in such case you must blood presently to help nature to discharge her-self least the naturall heat be suffocated by the aboundance of blood Then you must rather breathe the Basilique veine of the left side then the right because the heart and the spleen are much affected in this disease and take abundance of blood thence according as you shall see necessary alwaies having respect to the power and virtue of the sick person and taking heed not to blood whilst the shivering of the feaver is upon him Observations in blooding for the difference of the disease But you must here take notice that in such a repletion of blood blooding must be otherwise performed in a simple Pestilent seaver than in that which is accomplished with a Bubon or Carbuncle for if the one or both together be conjunct with the great and furious seaver then it is requisite to open the veine nearer to the Apostume or plague soare and according to the rectitude of feavers to the end that thereby the blood may be draw a forth and evacuated directly in regard that all retraction and Reâ—ulsion of infected blood towards the Noble parts is prohibited by all good Physitians and Chirurgions But enough of the feaver untill we speak of Symptomatiques And beginning at Tumors in generall I say that if there be repletion in the whole body you must purge and blood and besides makes frictions and Bathings As in the Cure of the true Phlegmon you must divert the flux which will be turned away if we take away the cause thereof to wit the Chachochimie or Plethory which is to be done by purging first but chiefly by Phlebotomy Come we now to the Erisipela for if it be in the face and doth possesse it very much Phlebotomy is very necessary to it which must be performed upon the Cephalique veine in like manner Phlebotomy is necessary if there be some portion of blood mingled with the Choller but if it be in any other part and be not in great quantity and be made of pure Choller Phlebotomy is not necessary because the blood is the Bridle of the Choller as we have made mention before besides the Cancre is cured most commonly by purging and Phlebotomy For the Tumors in particular being a Parotide we say that Phleb is therein very necessary specially when there is rednesse in the part which demonstrates great inflammation abundance of blood also for the kernells great and swelled you must purge but specially purge and apply Cupping-glasses behind the shoulders with scarifications to the end to obviate the accidents which may come thereupon as suffocation and consequently Choaking The same remedy is necessary to the Tumor or inflammation and relaxation of the Vvula called by the Latines Collumella Also for Esquinancy the Chirurgian ought to be ready and prompt in reguard this disease doth not give great Leasure wherefore he must blood the sick parts on the Basilique on that side where the fluxion is and the same day on the veines under the tongue to evacuate the Conjunct matter Let us speak of Fellons or whitlows the curing whereof consists onely in blooding and purgations but yet notwithstanding further according to the prudence of the good Chirurgion Come we now to Wounds wherein for the Little ones there is no great necessity of blooding but in the great where there is danger of fluxion or where the body is repleate as in wounds of the