Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	blood_n	drink_v	eat_v	1,442	5	7.3051	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A94232	The husbandman, farmer and grasier's compleat instructor. Containing choice and approved rules, and directions for breeding, feeding, chusing, buying, selling, well ordering and fatning bulls, cows, calves, rams, ews, lambs, swine, goats, asses, mules, &c. : How to know the several diseases incident to them, by their signs and symptoms, with proper remedies to cure them; : as likewise all griefs, and sorrances what-ever. : Also, a treatise of dogs, and conies, in their breeding, ordering, and curing the distempers they are subject to. : To which is added, The experienced vermine-killer, in particular directions, for taking and destroying all sorts of vermine in houses, out-houses, fields, garden, graneries, and other places. / By A.S. Gent.	A. S., Gent.	1697 (1697)	Wing S7; ESTC R2532	103,960	176

they are easier wooed scatter Blades of Onions and Garlick in the way of the Ram and younger Ews that eating them they may stir up Desire and render them both ●he willinger to a compliance There are various Opinions of having Ewe or Ra●-Lambs at pleasure some say That if the Ram cover the Ewe their Faces being towards the North when the Wind blows it will not sail to be a Male and the like towards the South a Female Others That to knight the Ram's right Stone some time before he leaps procured a Male and doing so by the left a Female That the juice of male or female Mandrakes will work the like Effects But these I conclude to be Conceits when the thing naturally happens so and therefore I shall lay little stress on them The Ews in their yeaning must be carefully regarded and helped by the Hand if Nature be not of sufficient strength to bring forth and after be comforted with warm Milk and Bran The Lamb must be set on his Legs as soon as may be and shewed to the Dams Teat lest by long delaying she refuse to cherish him as otherwise she would do and if the weather be not very seasonable they must be warmly housed The best time for bringing forth is about the latter end of April if Pasture-Sheep if Field-Sheep it may be well enough from the beginning of January to the end of March. How to order your Lambs after they are cast Proper Times and Seasons for Gelding c. Having set the Lamb on his Legs and directed him to the Udder make him take it in the Teat and spirt some of the Milk in his Mouth that finding the sweetness of the Milk he may become the more familiar and find an easie way to it of himself But before you do this milk out the first Milk which is called Colostra or crude Milk and very hurtful if taken by the Lamb to put it into a Feaver or some such like Distemper especially in a hot Season If when it is proper time he trifle with the Teat and refuse to take it anoint his Lips with Cream or sweet Butter and by licking them his Appetite will be stirred up to fasten on the Teat and once pleased with the sweetness of the Milk will suck very kindly If before the Lamb is fitting to be weaned the Dam grow sick or dye if you have not a spare milch Ewe to put him to suckle him through a Horn which you must be provided with suitable on that occasion When the Lambs grow over-sportful and wax wanton cherish them in it a little but if housed separate them with Hurdles and tye them after ten days to little Stakes with ●o●t Strings so that they may not gaul their Necks lest they not only hurt one another especially the stronger the weaker but lose of their Flesh and neglecting feeding hinder their growth Be careful also to separate the weaker from the stronger especially when their Horns begin to put out when they are in their Cotts and be diligent in suckling them Morning and Evening and see that the Ews Milk fall not away or be corrupted by any inbred Distemper which you may not presently perceive And so use them till they wax strong then give them a little sweet Clover or short Hay or Bran mixed with Flower in Water and the Season being dry and not too hot turn them out to Pasture with the Ews Wean them if possible in warm weather which may be conveniently done to such as are healthy or strong at seven weeks or two months and then keep them high in feed lest they pine and fall away in bemoaning the loss of thei● Dams or their Stomacks falling off for want of due Nourishment renders them sickly and weak As for the best time of Gelding it is in this as in all other Cattle when the Moon is in the Wain and the Sign favourable in some of the fore-parts for it being accounted the Sign of Life participating immediately with the vita● parts to cut them when it is in Scorpio which governs the Genitals le ts out much pure Blood and Spirits endangering festering and death This must be done in a warm Season and some are of Opinion that the best time is at five months old but Experience teaches it may at six weeks two months or nine weeks yet indeed if they continue ungelded three months they will be of a larger growth though then there is somewhat more of danger and when killed their Flesh will not be so sweet after gel●ing which you may do in the manner directed for Calves anoint the Wound with fresh Butte● keep them up in soft Litter till the Wound cements and when the foreness is over or past danger turn them out into short warm Pasture and they will feed the better ●hose that you keep for Rams ungelded observe to take of that Ewe that brings frequently Ram-Lambs or that has two Ram-Lambs at a time which signifies lustiness and heat and that the Breed will be strong and able of performance Sheering of Sheep and other matters necessary to be known lating to Growth and Preservation The time of Sheering is not preseribed to a particular time but varies according to the hotness or coldness of the Country and but not to do it before Midsummer is held most agreeable for the more the Sheep sweats in the Wooll the better and more kindly it will prove for use though some do it much sooner Observe before you Sheer when you wash that it be in a pleasant Stream into which falls not the Washing of Lime-fatts or any such offensive thing let it be rather if it may be in a cloudy day than a Sunshiny because w 〈…〉 wet the Sun heating the Water when they are washed scalds their Backs with it unless presently driven into a shady place Keep their Heads up that they snuff not any or at least not much of the Water up l●st they are after afflicted with the Head-Ach or Rheums Beware in Sheering not to out their Skin or if you do rub it over with Tar and Butter lest in this hot Season it putrifie and Maggots breed in it When you have sheered give them Water to drink wherein Lavender has been steeped and a little boiled Corn. Diseases and Sorrances incident to Rams Weathers Ews and Lambs with the most approved Receipts and Remedies for them and Directions to keep them from Sickness c. The Head-ach its Cause and Cure THESE Cattle are subject to sundry Diseases occasioned by Infection Evil-digestion wet and unwholsome feeding eating unsavory and noisome Herbs that breed bad Blood and Humors drinking dirty Water and the often dropping of Trees upon them being abroad no ●mino lerate Showres Damps Mists and Fogs arising from Moorish and Meadow-grounds For the Head-ach caused by damp and unwholsome ●eeding burn Storax under the Nose of the Ram or Ewe c. give the Decoction of 〈◊〉 and Housleek in a pint ●f

spoonful into each Ear of the Lamb and a spoonful into that of a Sheep then stop the 〈◊〉 close and it will work the Distemper from the Brain and entirely cure them if timely taken For the great or general Scab or I●c● This is a grievous offensive Disorder or Sorrance not uncommon amongst Sheep especially those that are much exposed in the Fields or other places to rainey weather or great Mists or Fogs over-driven much in wet dirty ways or the like These things I say will afflict them with this n●useous Sorrance making them break forth into Sca●s which upon view you may know if it ●e general or only in particular places by a filthy white Scurff sticking on their ●kins when you perceive this take off the Wool as close as can ●e mix Tar Goose-grease and the Juyce of Rue make them into an Oyntment over a gentle Fire and anoint them with it warm then clap some light fleeces of Wooll or a few shreads of stocks over it and the Scab will dry up and peel off you may if it be very great let Blood in the Tail and Ears and give them the Juyce of Cardus in a Glass of White-wine to drink and then a while after smoak them with Brimstone which will put them into a kind of a Flu● that will carry off the Humour and then the cause removed the Effects will cease A Remedy good for the Sickness of Sheep in general It is convenient for all keepers of Sheep to have the following Medicine by them as well in the Field as at home in the Coats or Houses to remedy any sudden Sickness and stay the Sheep alive till other Medicines can be got especially in the Feaver Pox Rots Lungs defective c. it is excellent Take Penny-royal half a handful Scabeous and Shepherd's Purse a like quantity boyl these when you have bruised them well in three pints of small Ale and strain out the liquid part by hard squeezing and pressing the Herbs then put to it two Ounces of London-Treacle put it up in a Bottle and stop it close and give a quarter of a pint of this when you see the Sheep in any disorder and it will be of wonderful use for their preservation and restoring them to health Against violent Heats in Sheep Many times by bad feeding or over-driving defect in the Blood or the like the Body of the Sheep will be fiery-red and hot all over to the endangering him into a Feaver or Plague To remedy it wash him with warm Water wherein Pimpernel and Sage have been boyled and give him Whey to drink wherein Hysop and Polipo 〈…〉 have been steep'd after they have been well bruised an● hard pressed into the liquid A gentle purge f●● Sheep If you would have them feed well when you put them to Grass especially in the Spring it will be highly convenient that they be moderately purged which will purifi● their Blood by carrying off the gross Humours contr●cted in Winter and make them grow lusty and Fat. To do this Take three or four Sprigs of Spurg-Lawre● a quarter of an Ounce of Antimony a handful of dryed Rose-leaves if fresh ones are not to be had bruise and boyl these in new Whey and give to every one a quarter of a pint keep them fasting after it 4 or 5 hours then if the Weather be warm and open turn them to grazing in the Field where there is no Water for all that day c. A particular Receipt for making a Ewe yean easily and with out danger to her or the Lamb. If you perceive the Ewe defective in Nature to bring forth her young lay her soft and to the best advantage for yeaning then take a handful of the tops of Basa-mint or Horse-Mint stamp it and put the Juyce or for w●●● of that if none but dryed Mint can be had put the powder into a half pint of strong Ale and give it the Ewe to drink and she will presently yean A speedy way to increase their Milk Change their Pasture if you find their Udders are drying up or that they give but little but let it be short and sweet nothing inferiour but rather exceeding that they are removed from for indeed nothing increases Milk in Ews more than change of Pasture and fresh feeding and if the Ground give opportunity drive them one while to the Hills and then again to the Valleys and where it is sweetest and short they will eat with the best Appetite there see they continue longest and to bring their Milk down apace give them mingled with short Grass or short Hay Fitches Dill Anniseeds and the like and their Milk will spring apace How to make a Ewe love her own Lamb or that of any other Ewe and foster it If the Ewe grow unnatural and decline her Lamb and will neither suckle that or one of another Ews to make her more kind after she has yeaned take a little of the clean of the Ewe which is the Bed Nature provided for the Lamb to lye in whilst he grew in the Ews Belly dry it and beat it to powder and give it her in a Glass of White-wine and afterwards she will fall naturally in love with the Lamb and be very fond of it but if an Ewe has cast her Lamb and you would have her take to that of another then take the dead Lamb and with it rub and dawb the live Lamb all over and when she has ●cente● it she will love and cherish it as her own For Canker or Ringworm If this happen either in the Mouth or on the Skin by the Eyes Ears or Pole of the Neck to remedy it as an eating and troublesome sore make a mixture with Oyl Salt and Allom and dissolved or well incorporated over a gentle Fire and anoint the place with it then cover it with a Plaister of Tar and the Flower of Brimstone and in so ordering three or four times the Cure w●ll be wrought Profit●ble Advice to Shepherds or those that have the Government and ordering of Sheep As for those that undertake the Care of Sheep there is a great charge and care lies on them if they intend they shall turn to any good Account and therefore I shall conclude this particular Treatise with some Directions not or very slenderly touched on Fi●st It behoves the Shepherd to know what Food is good and nourishing for Sheep and what hurtful so that by chusing the one and eschewing the other he may keep his Cattle in good health The Grass most wholsom for Sheep is that which has store of Mellilot Clover Cinquefoil Pempernel Broom and white Henbane growing among it That which is unwolsome for Sheep is that which has growing among it Spare-wort Penny-wort Penny-Grass or any Weeds or Flowers that grow from the overflowing of Water or Inundations as Brooklime Mareblabs Lady Smocks Smallage c. also that which has ●notted Grass growing among it is not good nor where the Mildew

Weather be not Wet Windy or Cold but if either of these keep him in the House to a more seasonable warmth and then for a time he must have his fill Morning and Evening of Milk or Whey and in a little time but once a day and so by degrees you may take him quite off from it When you perceive he is addicted to feeding at Three Months he may subsist altogether at Grass or Hay and now and then Bran and Skim-Milk when i● the Evening you house him If he in sucking time mumble or draw the Teat painfully look in his Mouth and under his Tongue you will find white Blisters growing that restrain the use of the Tongue cut these away and anoint the sore well with Honey ●nd Allom dissoved in Vinegar do so tili the part is healed lest the Calf pine away or sometimes by the Gangr●ening it dye That the growth may not ●e hindred see it be not afflicted with Lice if so rub him over with Butter and Salt melted and when it is well soaked with a hard Wisp of Hay or Straw and the next day with Urine wherein Wood-Ashes have been steeped Convenient times to Geld or Spay Calves with proper Directions to do it without endangering Life c. As you intend to bring up or dispose of your youn● Calves so you must take the order and observations in Gelding or Spaying them most hold Three Months a proper time for this but if you intend to breed them to be Oxen or Heifers a great deal longer time may be taken vix Six or Twelve Months and any time before Three Years is not too late though more dangerous for a Bull Calf or for a Cow Calf the time may be less and the weather in doing this ought to be moderately warm neither too hot nor too cold and the Spring and Fall in the warm of the Moon is most proper In Gelding having slit the Cod draw out the Stones with their Sinnews as far as you can without over-straining clap the Sinnews into a cleft Stick and so seer them off with a hot Iron anoynt them round with fresh Butter and sow it up with very fine Silk taking up no ●ore th●● the outward Rim or Edge In Spaying a Cow Calf when you have taken away the Matrix anoint the Incission with Oyl of Almonds o● sweet Olive Oyl see that no part of the Guts are disordered or out of place and in sowing up ●e careful not to tack any of them with your Stiches to the Skin lest it make them pine away and dye anoint the place for several days with either of the said Oyls and to keep of Wasps and Flies brush it over with a little Tar-water As for Bull Calves after Gelding put them in such Pastures or Places that they cannot leap nor strain themselves lest bleeding a fresh they endanger their lives and particularly if they be of any bigness keep them from Cow Calves for being apt to leap by that means they will much in●ure themselves and rub the Wound over till cured with the Ashes of the Vine and Lytharge giving them ●ut little water after Three days cutting and in it Fennel-seed boyled feed them as their Stomacks will bear which by this means is much enfeebled with sweet Grass Hay or green Boughs If the Wound swell anoint it with the Oyl of Rosemary and Hogs-Lard tempered together and warm but beware the Calf catch not cold How to m●nage or order your breed of Cattle in their Stalls Food Taming or Breaking Having a Breed c. in this forwardness the next thing to be considered is to bring them to gentleness and a good management for many Reasons or Conveniencies The Bull Calf when Gelded is c●lled a Steer and the Cow Calf a Heifer and to break them observe your Cow-house S●all or other Housing conveniency be adjoyning to some inclosed warm Pasture make your self ●amilier with them when you house and feed them with sweet Provinder out of your hand for encouragement let the housing be kept clean to prevent Diseases and let their goings out and in be a● set times make their Stalls yoakwise about Seven Foot from the ground and if they become wanton head-strong or push with their Horns to mischief one another you must to break them of so ill a habit tye them in their Stables Twenty Four Hours wit●out giving them provender which Three or Four times used will make them very tame for by this means they will be brought to receive their Fodder more gently and with much Familiarity then stroak and scratch them gently spirt some sweet Wine or Wort into their Mouths which will induce them not only to endure your waiglet leaning hard on their Necks and Backs but in a little tim● to follow you gently then rub their Mouth with Salt and Water make up Balls of sweet Butter and C●mminseed and oblige them to swallow One or Two as big as an Egg in a Morning before they goe out to Pasture let the places where they stand be very Airy in warm Weather and close in cold and so they will in a short time be tamed and thrive the better some when they are Restiff or Head strong yoak them with a tamed O● or Steer and make them draw a light Plough or son a Weights but I think I have given the best Directions If the Pasture fail by reason of dry or excessive wet weather house them or feed them abroad with sweet and short Hay fine Pease-Straw Barly-straw Chaff-Tear● and Clover-Grass after Grass or the like for this manner of feeding in Winter greatly improves them Lupius and Chaff mingled together is Physical and Nourishing in the Spring to purifie the Blood give them green Sprigs of the Figg-Tree Ash Holm Elme or Oak Rules to be observed for preserving your Cattle and in g 〈…〉 plight with Signs of Sickness c. When you have made this kind of Cattle tractable the next main thing to be observed is how to keep the● healthy to do this see their Meat be given them in due season that no Infectious thing fall into it keep from their Stalls Hogs Ducks Poultry Pigions the scent of whose Dung is very offensive to them and if scattered in their Provinder makes them sick and breeds unwholsome Airs which cause the Murrain and Scab among them Comb them down and rub them well with hard Wisps as often as your leasure will admit at least once in Two Days wash their Claws and keep them from Gravel and swelling or from other Defects that may occasion them to break out Let them Blood though no urgent Cause require it Twice a Year viz. Springs and Fall of the Moon being in any of the lower Signs let them after it drink the Pickle of Olives with a Head of Garlick bruised and purge once a quarter if you see occasion at least Twice in the Year without it Three days together the First may be done by giving them Lupius

of Spike stamp the Herbs and ma● a Poultis and bind it to the afflicted part For Poyson by licking up any infectious thing When any such Infection happens you may know it b● the Sheeps staggering and reeling then open the Mou●● and under the Tongue you will find Blisters cut the● off with a sharp Knife and rub the Mouth well wi●● Bole-Armoniack and Sage boyled in Chamberlye th● give him a quarter of a pint of Olive-Oyl in half a pint ● new Milk For Pains in the Bowels This is occasioned by over-rank feeding or eating u●vory things and is known by the drawing up the Be● spurning at it with their Feet often lying down ●● quickly rising as uneasie To remedy it Take a handful of Rue and Fetherfew boyl it in 〈◊〉 quarts of Water with an Ounce of Coriander-seeds 〈◊〉 give it the afflicted Sheep to drink For the running Scab This is occasioned by Surfeits or too much gross 〈…〉 of Humour bad Blood or the like To remedy this bleed them under the Tongue ● Tail boyl a good handful of Baum and an Ounce and half of Turmerick finely powdered in three pints of 〈◊〉 Milk and give a pint at a time warm then wash th● with Water wherein Elder and Burdock-roots have be● boyled not giving them any Meat for twelve hours For the Dropsie or puffing up of the Skin This is caused by feeding in wet places or too early when the Dew is much upon the Grass so that in the Biting they suck up too much Moisture which they cannot digest nor evacua●e by sweating it out and so being capable of passing the Skin it remains and corrupts between it and the inward Rhine and often occasions a Universal Rot. To remedy this clip off the Wooll close behind each Shoulder slit the Skin there and put in a Tent dipped in Oyl of Spike and it will draw the Water to it and so evacuate by twice or thrice renewing it then steep half an Ounce of Regulus of Antemony in a pint of Ale with a little of the Spice called Grains and a little Sugar warm it and give to the Sheep about half a quarter of a pint at a time two or three times with a day or two's intermission between each time A further discourse on the Rot in Sheep very necessary As for the Rot though I have spoken as to its Remedy seeing it is the most dangerous of all to Sheep destroying them in clusters I shall speak some more fully of it with the sign of its approach and causes In moist years sheep are subject to the Rot where in dry years they are exempted from it and that not only from the moisture for then would Sheep Rot in all moist Grounds but there is a certain putrefaction in the Air Grass or Herb or all of them that cause it which usually attend them in such moist years which together with their Food corrupt their Livers and that through foulness wateryness and defect of Blood for want of its performing its due Office creates this Disease When the beginning of this is perceived by their huskey Cough or some of them dropping away with all speed with them to the salt Marshes and by their feeding there if there be no over-flowings of Water or extream wet the Liver if not too much putrefied will take heat and recover it● Strength and then the Blood by the Acremony of the Grass being purified and purged the Sheep will do well Observations and other Directions If May and June prove wet Months the Proit causes ● frothey Grass together with the bad Air that must necessarily follow causes the Rot in Sheep therefore in such Summers keep your Sheep on the dry and barren Lands Fodder them in Winter with hardest Hay and most astringent Fodder Some Grounds yield soft Grass above others and this is subject to breed the Rot in your Sheep therefore feed other Cattle there and your Sheep in the dryest healthiest and hardest Pastures If they be already infected with the Rot which you may discern by the colour of their Eyes pen them up in a Barn or large Sheep Coat set about it may be with wooden Troughs and feed them a day or two with Oats then put amongst them Bay-salt well stamped and after that a greater quantity till such time as they begin to distaste it then give them clean Oats another day or two and then as before serve them with Salt well stamped and so encrease as directed follow this course till their Eyes have recovered their natural colour and then you may assure your self the danger is over and the Sheep will be well If you are not furnished with a convenient House it may be done in a close warm Yard or Pingle if the Weather be favourably seasonable Folding of Sheep in May or June if they prove wet make them Rot the sooner because they are more greedy devourers in the hurtful Grass in the Morning than those not folded therefore at that time liberty from the Food is well prevented Of red Water and its Remedy This red Water is an infectious Disease in Sheep offending the Heart and is also as pestilent among other Cattle therefore when you perceive any of your Sheep afflicted with it let them Blood between the Claws and under the Ta●l then lay to the sore place Wormwood or Rue fin●●ly beaten with Bay-salt To kill all sorts of Infects in the Sheep Take Goose-grease Brimstone and Tar mix them together over a gentle Fire and if there be any Maggots Worms or sore places infected with Flies anoint it with thi● and it will destroy and prevent the Mischief For Worms in the Body take a quarter of a pint of the Juyce of Wormwood and Sage give it the Sheep in a pint of warm Milk and put Bay-salt and a little Allom in the watering Trough and by this means the Worms wi●l be killed and brought away either bred in the Stoma●k or Bowels For Lambs that are yean'd Sick ●f the Lamb be sick and weak when it is yeaned then w●●p or fold it up in a warm Cloath and opening the Mouth a little blow into it then draw the Dam's Dugs an● squirt Milk into the Mouth of it then boyl a little Saf●ron and Cinnamon in the Milk and give it warm about a quarter of a pint and House it by this means many Lambs are saved that would be otherways lost For the Leaf-sickness in the Sheep or Lamb. This is often occasioned by their over-much brousing on Hawthorn and Oak-leaves or such like which the Lambs especially are very apt to do and it is known by their sta●gering or turning round for that manner of feeding ingenders cold corrupted Blood or Flegm gathered together about the Brain and indeed this Disease is very dangerous and makes them suddenly fall down before thos● that are ignorant in it scarce know they a●l any thing To remedy this dissolve Assafaetida in warm Wa●er and put the quantity of half a