is therefore blacke of coloure when it is not much aduste burned enflamed like vnto Walworte or Elder berryes Pryuet Peonie beries or the Kernelles of blacke Cheryes and blacke Grapes the iuyce whereof dyeth and coloureth a mans hands wyth a blacke or bloudy colour And if it happen to bee enflamed and set in extreme heate then is it of coloure entermingled with a purple shyning lyke glowyng hoat Gold newly burnt in the fyer If it be immoderatelye and toomuch enflamed it bringeth the mynde into furious fitts phrenticke rages and brainsicke madnesse Contrarylye when all thinges consiste wythin mediocritye it causeth and bringeth forth sharpnesse of witte excellency of learning subtility of inuentiō eloquence of tongue right skilful vtteraunce with knowledge howe to speake The last kinde of Melancholy is engendred of the adustion o◠Phlegme Forasmuch therfore as there be so many sorts of Melācholie and because Melancholique persons be of so sundry cōditions maners natures inclinatiōs bodely proportions complexiōs colours therfore euery one must be founde out and knowen by the proper markes and tokens peculiar incident and appertayning to them For they that be broughte into this case and habite by Choler or bloud adust haue bigge swolne veynes for they swell wyth wyndynes their bodyes tawnie coloured and very rough withall thicke hatred and bushie by reason of thabundaunce of heate swelling and bigge lippes by reason of the concourse of Humour and flatuous spyrite into the higher parts wheruppon it also happeneth that their eyes sometime be eminent and bearing out Againe sometime whē Humours decrease hollow and standyng inwarde sometime swyft mouing and twynckling sometimes staying vnmoueable and not at all quiuering the tōgue which is interpreter of all secreets of the mynde somewhile quicke and ready somewhile stammering foltering vnable to delyuer out a playne word which distemperaunce and affecte may many tymes happen by occasion of the time of the yeare Age Countrey weather foggie and dimme or fayre and cleare and finallye by the quality of meate and drincke and hereuppon maye it be endūed with some cold Humour This Humour is manyfolde and of sundrye sorts wonderfullye framinge in the bodyes and mynds of men diuers dispositions and in them constituting sundry habites maners and conditions For it may after a sort be resembled vnto Yron Seacoales or Charcoales which beinge flered appeare glowing hoate shyning lyke burnished Golde and burninge the members of the touchers but being quenched they looke blacke cankered rustie Euen so Melancholie albeit it be cold and drye and in colour drawinge somewhat vnto blacknes yet reteyneth it some heat of the faculty and nature of that frō whēce it came that is to saye Choler or Bloud For so the Dregges or mother of Oyle the feees or vineger of Wyne Embers and Coales retayne and haue a certaine smacke or nature of the Brandes whē they smoaked and were on fler Therefore Melancholie is not altogether without heate but reteyneth some deale of that quality in it For although it be a long while ere it wyll be enflamed and throughly heated like Yron which must both be mollifyed and tempered wyth force of moste ardent bituminous coales also with the helpe of blowing Bellowes for the making of the same malleable apt to the Forge Anuile yet beyng once throughly heated hath such an excessiue glowing ardentnes y there cānot be any thinge more adustiue And hereupon in a maner all at one instāt without any time betwixt do we see them sodeinly chaūged frō laughter myrth into sorrow pēstuenes For whē this Humor is once heated because frō it proceede come bright syncere Spirits these Melancholike persons are exceedingly set vpō their mercy pin past al godsforbod iocund pleasurably geeuen to singing daūcing skippīg spōrting cōtrary to their accustomed to eueryone curteous affable liberal and frendly yea altogether pleasauntlye disposed and not squemish to offer a kind kisse embracemēt vnto any lusty wench and nothing then so much desyring as mariage therby to enioy the hoped fruict of Children and to haue their name in remembraunce to posterity very earnestlye bewaylinge their losse of former time repenting that they had not long agone tyed themselues to the World maryed But when this great heat is cold and the earnest panges of this newfāgled mynde settled whē their Bloude waxeth cold their spyrites at reste they go backe from all former resolutions and are ready to vnsaye al that euer they sayde before They condemne and deteste yesterdayes deedes and are much ashamed of their owne ouerslight and foolishnes Whensoeuer therefore Melancholie groweth into much coldnes it taketh away from a man his sharpenes of witte and vnderstandinge his assured hope and confidence and all his manlye strength and courage so that he hardly eyther attempteth or archieueth any matter of excellency worthynes for such be doltish dull slow and lūpishe vnapt to atteyne learne and conceyue anye good disciplines or commendable Arts and this happeneth in that kinde of Melācholie which is mixed wyth greate stoare of colde and toughe Phlegme Whereby it commeth to passe that such kinde of men lyke Asses or other brute beastes be blockish vnapt dull and forgetfull But they whose Melancholie is wyth moderate heat qualefyed and with Bloud other syncere Humors humected alayed haue excellēte good witts and sharpe iudgements and seeme to doe many thinges so notablye as thoughe they were furthered and inspyred by some Diuine instincte or motion And for this cause doth Aristotle not vnaptly lyken compare this Humour vnto Wyne For as Wyne produceth and causeth sundry the same verye ridiculous fashions according to the seuerall nature of euery man and according to the effect and operation of the Wyne it selfe for one force and effecte hath Spanishe wyne an other French an other Maluesye an other Corsycke and an other Rhenish so Melancholie causeth diuers maners and sundry constitutions And hereuppō in the Dutch phrase of speach there are reckened vp certaine conditions and delightes of Drunken men Some beinge cupshot are contentious brawling Some stil and neuer a woorde but mumme Some verye babblatiue and keeping a foule coyle some weeping howling and heauy couraged Yea some of this beastly Crew we see to be threatners cruel bitter fierce spightful arrogant selfwilled vain-glorious proude wanton lasciuious toying full of foolishe gesture vnquiet vnstable geeuen to carnall Luste and loues desire but as Iuuenall sayth VVhich haue great lust to Venus game Yet in the Act vveake faint and lame For drunkards and Melancholike persons are very lecherous and desyrous of womens cōpanye by reason that theyr genitall members swell and be wyth inflations distended but all their courage is streightwayes layed and al venerous lustynesse soone quayled insomuch that their wyues manye tymes be defeacted of theyr hope and thincke themselues wyth childe
some one of the chiefest Ingredientes Polycleti Regula Lib. 20. Cap. 10. De Sacerd. De ratione concâ—onandi De Oratore Notes or markes of a body perfectly teÌ„perate Lib. 3. Ode 3. Rom. 8. Affections naturall A Enei 4. Iuuenal Sat. 10. The nature of Democritus and Hetaclitus Counterfaite gate Psalm 45. Christ a paterne of perfection Ioan. 1. Collos 2. Heb. 4. Ioan. 11. Christ voyd of all ill affections Collos 3. Heb. 13. Heb. 11. 1. Pet. 2. Hoate complexion Tokens of a hoate Complexion Degrees of heate in man. Black haytes Curled hayres Varietie diuersity of body Imagination VVomeÌ„s intemperaunce A true report Black hayre Yelovv Whyte Redde Lib. 2. de Temper Why children hâ—â—e no beaâ—des Much store of hayre how it commeth To make the bearde grow Women ful of hayres on their head Hayrie women lecherous Barenuesse inwomeÌ„ vnablenes in men to get ChildreÌ„ Heate causeth holdnes Lib. 11 Cap. 37 The suttlety of Aristomenes Iudie 15. 16. 1. Reg. 17. Iud. 3. Bold rashnes Vertues defaced and marred by vices Lib. 6. de Rep. Bigge voyce AEnei 1. Things not naturall Artis Medicae 85. Ayre Fulsome pestileÌ„t ayre more hurtful then pestilent meat Contraryes are remedied by their coÌ„traryes A Enei 10 Dogge-dayes Englande praysed for clenly trim minge their houses Learned me and aged greatly reuerenced in England Meate drincke Lib. 1 Cap. 3. Moyst nourishmeÌ„t fittest for children Lib. 2 de leg lib 1. de tuend Valetud Wyne hurt full to children Qualefiers and alâ—yers of the heate of bloud 〈…〉 Li. 1. Off. Ill customes must by little and litle be taken away Chaunge in olde men dauÌ„gerous Cicero in Senect Lib. 5. de tueÌ„d Val. The profite thâ—t coÌ„meth by exercise Order of exercise Slouthe and ease hurtful Aduertisement to the sâ—â—dious Horace in Arte Poet. Sortes of exercise FreÌ„ch king killed in runninge at the Tylt 1559. Gentler exercises Musick chereâ—h maketh meerie the mynd of man. De valet lib. 5. A fit exercise for crokebacked persons To try good horses RecreatioÌ„s not commeÌ„dable Husbandry praysed Heau sce 1. Act. 1. Saciety or fulnes of Stomacke to be eselievved Epidi 6. Aphor. 5. The harme of Venerie or Carnall CopulatioÌ„ BloudlettiÌ„g not rashlye to be enter pryled Bloud spirite the treasure of life Not good for men in health to vse medicine Vomite seldome to be prouoked De ratione vict lib. 1. When to vomite Eccle. 31. To what persons vomyting is hurtfull The commodities of sleepe epist. 4. The day appointed for labour and the night for rest Eight hours for Sleepe Sound Sleepers Whye children and Dronkerdes be sleepye Who bee soone awaked oute of sleepe Wylie winkers Catchpoles Iuuen. Sat. 1. Lib. 1. Amor. The maner howe to lye in bedde Lying vpon the backe very vnholsome dauÌ„gerous Sleeping in the day hurtfull The harmes of ouerwatching All meÌ„ subiect to affections The greate hurts of affections Angre Tuscul 5. Tranquility of mynde TemperaÌ„ce Goddes holye spirite subdueth qualy fieth outragyous affections Heate the stayer and maintener of lyfe Cold the decay spoile of life Cold coupled wyth heate In cold bodyes heate doth not altogether lacke Creatures in touching cold The bloude of Fishes is cold What sorts of fishes beinge taken oute of the water liue longest Eatynge of fishe hurtfull to them that are giuen to be solytarie Genes 1. Act. 10. 1. Tim. 4. Solytary lyuers subiect to the Apoplexie A Snayles life Venemous Herbes Eccle. 12. Tokens of a colde Complexion Idlenes maketh the body fat and cold Heate maketh good colour Cold wasteth and taketh awaye colour Wanne colour The hungry Sicknesse Cold things stirre vp appetite Cold persoÌ„s drowsie and vnweldie The help cure of a cold body Foules hard of digestion Meates fit for cold persons Gardeine store Hoat Condimentes If men bee loath to be sicke it followeth that they be loth to die Death dreadfull Sinne the cause of sicknes death Sap. 2. 2. Kindes of death De Senect To be long lyued Notes of a dry CoÌ„plexion Lib. 2. Metam Baldnes coÌ„meth for lacke of humour Dry brayne causeth ill Memory Good MeÌ„morye Restoringâ— of the memorye Galen lib. 5. de tuen Val. Lib. 6. de tuend val Hard wynes or of the second sort Mylke Herbes hauing vertue to make one to pisse Lib. 2. Sat. 4. Turpentine holesome Lib. 3. de tuen Val. lib. 5. tueÌ„ val PrepariÌ„g of TurpeÌ„tine To make Turpentine liquide and potable Sleepe Friction Lib. 2. de tuen Val. Sixe sorts of Frictions Lucae 7. Lib. 15. Artificiall Bath Naturall Bathes Carnal dealing wyth womeÌ„ very hurtfull to dry and cold complexioÌ„s Studying by night and Candlelight hurtful Bodelye health De tueÌ„d Valet Bodye and mynde sick and wel together â–ª A holesome exercise for students Moderate banquetting not discommeÌ„dable Recreation of the mynd Comelye mirth at the Table Sat. 1. Lib. Ser. 2. Sat. 2. Curiosity in searching to high miste-ries Eccle. 3. Eche thinge ought to be done in his due time right order Moyst CoÌ„plexion Heate in maÌ„ likened to the SuÌ„ne and moysture to the Moone The influeÌ„ce force of the Moone The tokens of a moyste body Graye eyes Moyst complexioÌ„s not geuen to be malicious spightful Moyste natures not fumish and testy Tokens of a moyst complexioned body Euery parte of the body is by it selfe seuerally to be considered hath his proper temperature The state of the mynde in moyst coÌ„plexions Why men be wyser then womeÌ„ Eccl. 42 Carnall lust in Sommer to meÌ„ hurtfull Rue prouoketh lust in women but taketh it vtterly awaye in men Diet meete for a moyst CoÌ„plexioÌ„ Diet ouer moyst hurtful Moderate sleepe good for moyst persons Moyst folks must sleepe but very litle Sat. 1. Lib. 2. Aphor. 44. Moystare feedeth nourisheth heate Accordinge to the nourishment that a maÌ„ is fed withall humours eyther encrese or diminish The grosse exhalacion of humours hurtfull to the minde as dead and fulsome wyne is to the body Concord harmony in mans body De Natu â–ª humana Humours after a sort are the elemeÌ„ts of man. Eunuch Act. 4. Scaen. 5. The force and vertue of Seede Sounde parents beget sound Children ElemeÌ„tes 4. Qualities 4. Humours 4. The nature of bloud Phlegme Choler MelaÌ„cholie In bloud all the other humous are mixed When a veine is opened all the humours are ocularly to be seene Humours haue both colour and tast Spettle and Sweat haue their force power of humours TueÌ„d Val Lib. 6. De TeÌ„p 1 Temperatures subiect to chasige Old men by nature dry but in conditioÌ„ moyst DissensioÌ„ diuersitie of opinions daungerous The profite of bloud Leuit. 17. The cause why Moses forbad the eating of Bloudâ— Bloude not rashlye nor vnaduisedly to be let WheÌ„ce thâ— Arteries Veynes spring The Lyuer the shop of Bloud The heart fountaine of bloud The colour sheweth what humours be in the body Tuend val lib. 4. Affectes of the mynde chaung the colour of the face and body 1.
is to be bee noted that these complexioned personnes be of stature meane bigge set rather then tall graunde paunched stroutingly bellyed which commeth partly by nature and partly by the custome and order of lyuing by ydlenesse and ease wante of exercise bolling swilling longe sleepe and manye wayes besyde whereby the body groweth and becommeth burly fat and corpulent I could heere recite al the other tokens of ech seuerall part of mans body that is of this moyst constitution and complexion as the Nose in a maner camoysed and flat wyth the grystlie end bluÌ„t and bigge swollen and blowen Cheekes rounde Chinne many signes moe but they do shew the seuerall nature and quality of ech singuler parte by it selfe and not of the whole bodye in generall so that we may not by one small part geue iudgment of the whole body but of euery proper inâ—ber speciall consideration must be taken albeit for the most parte they resemble and participate in nature and temperament wyth their chiefe and principall Entraile that is to say the Heart and Lyeuer Concerning the inwarde notes and tokens of the mynde Men of this Complexion as theyr mynde is nothinge quicke so neyther is theyr tongue being the interpreter of the same prompt readye or quicke because it is so drowned in ouermuch moysture that it is not well able to aduaunce and set out it selfe in good and cleane vtteraunce their wit neyther sharpe nor fine theyr courage base and nothing haultie not atteÌ„ptinge any high enterpryses nor caryng for any glorious and difficult aduentures and the cause is for y heate whych is the thing that pricketh forward emboldeneth to take in hand worthy attempts is in them very weake and small for this cause are meÌ„ quicker witted deeper searchers out of matters and more diligente and rype of iudgemente then women for a woman compasseth and doth al thinges after a worse sort and in goyng about affayres and making bargeins hath not the lyke dexterity and seemelynesse that a man hath And vnto this ende apperteyneth and may be referred that saying of the wyse man. It is better to be vvith an ill Man theÌ„ vvith a frendly VVomaÌ„ c. Whych is by reason and effecte of heate which whosoeuer lacketh or els haue feeble and faynt are for the most part persons effeminate nyce teÌ„dor wythout courage and spyrite sleepie slouthfull weakelings meycockes and not apt nor able to beget any Children because their Sperme is too thinne and moyst and therby vnable to peece and ioyne together wyth the womans seede generatiue For albeit the desire of carnall knowledge and venerous actes for the most parte proceedeth of a slypperie moyst dispositioÌ„ of body and is to persons of this temperature lesse hurtfull then to others yet forasmuche as this moystnes humour is slowly forced forward by heate and the members of generatioÌ„ not filled with swelling spyrit it foloweth that they be vnto carnall coiture fuÌ„bling slow not greatly therto addicted neither therein take anye greate delectacion or pleasure And hereupon it happeneth that fat womeÌ„ and corpulente haue greater desire to fleshly concupiscence and bodely luste in Sommer then in Wynter because in SoÌ„mer heat enkindleth moysture styrreth vp Venus but in men coÌ„trarily it quencheth it for manly strength by immoderat heate is resolued and enfeeblished Likewyse these herbes Thyme Rue many others that be very hoat dry queÌ„ch and take away in men all desire of carnall lust because they wast the generatiue humour whereas women therby are much prouoked stirred to venerie by enforcing heat into theyr secret parts pryuities And for this cause wheÌ„ y Genitoryes or meÌ„bers of generation begin once to grow into coldnes that the generatiue humor is not forced nor calefyed by natural heat then are such things good to bee mynistred to the parties as are of power able to stirre vp the loynes with a certaine tickling coÌ„cupisceÌ„ce to prouoke the genital seede with desire to be expelled Now how such persoÌ„s may keepe theÌ„ selues in bodely health cleare free froÌ„ sicknes heere meane I briefly to decyâ—hre First because health consisteth in a teÌ„perameÌ„t of hoat moyst this coÌ„stitutioÌ„ ought to vse a moyst diet that is to saye such nourishment foode as is therunto famyliar much of affmity such whert in is reasonable good store of heat of which sorte is sweete wyne Mylke Rye breade Rere egges Veale Porke Pigge bigge laÌ„bes waterfoules beanes Chestnuts Chitchpease Dates Reyss Figges Almonds Pyne apple kernels haÌ„ginge sweete grapes such as Muskadell grapes are Sea fish Braynes AmoÌ„g garden or pot herbes Lettice Arrage Rape Parseips Carets Melons Cucumbers but good heede must be takeÌ„ y he vse not to eate toâ—much of any of these for feare of making the body excede to much in moystnes For by ouermuch moyst diet fare Phlegme cold â—aÌ„my humours causing sundry dauÌ„gerous diseases be engeÌ„dred to wit y Apoplexie CraÌ„pe through fulnes or els abundante of Phlegme browsy euil Palsey falliÌ„g Sicknes AstonmeÌ„t insensiblenes of the lymmes when as the power Animall is so venummed and depryued of his function that all sense of feelynge and moouinge is taken away and a man sodainly thereby as it were by some preseÌ„t reueng sent to him by Gods great wrath is styfled This bodye therefore must be conserued wythin the boundes and rules of healthynesse and temperaunce vsing expedient exercyse and shaking away al slouth and ydlenes specially it shal behooue him to haue good regard orderly to euacuate and purge his bodelye excrements to go to the Stoole to pysse to aryse betymes in the morning and frequente some conuenient exercyse and by vsing a somewhat vehemente motion or walkinge to styre vp his inward or naturall heate As concerning Sleepe in this body it ought to be moderately vsed not exceedinge the space of vi houres at the furthest For it is better to Sleepe lyttle and somewhat wyth watching to soke away humous then immoderatly to bolne swell and therewyth throughly to be cloyed As for example we see those which geeue themselues too much to bellycheere and Sleepe to become therwyth so grosse and corpulent that their Chinne hangeth downe danglinge and ioyneth to theyr breast and as the Poet Persius sayeth Their paunch and gullet vvith fat beares out A good foote and halfe of assise about Whereby it happeneth that suche persons are oftentimes euen vpon the sodaine cast into diseases For their veynes and arteryes being slender and streict and also voyd of bloud and Spyrite theyr natural heate is quickly and for euery light cause oppressed and styfeled which thing is ment by Hyppocrates where he sayth They that be by nature very porzy grosse liue as long as they that be slender bodyed because theyr pores bee wyde and their conceptacles of bloude large so that lightlye no outwarde or inwarde causes
being otherwyse so wōderfully seuere and crabbed yet at the wyne was so pleasaunt and conceiptuous hee merelye aunswered that he was like to a kinde of Pulse called Lupines Which kinde of Pulse although they be naturally bitter and by their bitternes of force to kill wormes yet the same being steeped soaked in water renounce and leaue all bitternes and become both sweete pleasaunt And this is naturally giuen to all men that when the body is refreshed wyth meate and drinck al bitternes sorrow and heauines is expelled and banished For the Spirites by moderate drinking of wyne are styrred vppe and the mind of man which in them that be fasting and hungry is faynt weake and like vnto fier raked ouer wyth ashes almost quenched is reuyued And this is the cause why a dead body is heauier thē a lyuing because all his Spirites are vanished and departed out of him and so likewyse is a fasting persō heauier then one that hath filled his belly and one that slepeth waightier then one that watcheth And therfore my fashion is to aduise and counsell Melācholique folkes and sullen natured personnes to vse banquetting and good cheere amonge honest and mery cōpany For thus after Plato wryteth the Poet. Euen olde Dan Catoes stomacke oft By vvyne vvas made to come aloft Which man although churlish sterne frowning yet did wyne so much driue away his naturall seueritye and grimme countenaunce that amonge the other guestes he became a pleasaunte companion and of manners very gentle and familiar For this worthy Gentleman although otherwise he was a very precise comptroller and of Stoicall grauity perceyued wel ynough that mās nature required som relaxatiōs delights and that it may not lōg cōtinue wythout som myrth pleasaunt recreation Let therefore euery man take surueigh of himself and serch out what his nature most desitreth in what state his body stādeth what thinge it is that he feeleth himselfe to be holpen and what to be offended wythall And if he finde the plighte and state of his bodye to be in equability and perfect temperatenes it shal be good to cheerishe and preserue it wyth his like but if it shrinck from his sayd temperate habite and decline to an intēperatenes then had it neede to be holpen and recured wyth his contraryes Thus if a man throughe aboundance of humours and stoare of bloude and Spirites feele himselfe prone to carnalitie and fleshlye luste let him by altering his order diet enioyne to himselfe a more strict ordinary frame his dealings to a more stayed moderation But if hee feele himselfe to bee of nature somewhat sulleyne and sterne giuē somwhat to be wayward whyning testye churlishe and intractable then reason wylleth suche a one to bee reclaymed to an order and trade of life gentler and pleasaunter insomuch it shall not be ill for such a one to frequent daūcing singing womens flatteryes alluremēts and embracings prouided alwayes that all the same be not otherwyse done nor ment but in honestye and comelines wythin a reasonable measure also within the bounds of lawfull wedlock For the state of Matrimony as Columella aduoucheth out of Xenophōs booke of Household is in such sorte appoynted by nature that in it is conteyned not onely the pleasaūtest but also the profitablest societye of life And least mankinde in processe of tyme should come to an vtter ruine and decay it pleased God by this lawfull meanes to ioyne man and woman together that of theyr inseperable combinacion the state of man should might by mutual helpe one of an other be eased and cōforted and that beside the loue and desire that they haue to bring furth children they mighte be tyed and bound together equally and indifferentlye to participate all fortune whatsoeuer shoulde betyde But for so much as approued and skilfull mē that haue written bookes for the mayntenaunce of mens health generally doe specially set downe these three principall thinges To eate moderately and leaue somevvhat vvith an appetite To vse conuenient exercise And to liue continently vvithout vvastinge seede of generation I take it to be the best waye to reduce the whole substaunce of the matter mayntenaūce of health to this prescribed rule and direction For seing that measurable repaste and feeding all surphet and glotony being banished maketh a sound body seing I say exercise by shaking of all drow tsinesse and slouth maketh the bodye stronge and liuely then no more but harkē what a short lessō Virgill giueth for the other No better vvaye the strength of minde And povvers thereof still to maintaine Then Venus play and Loue so blinde To shunne and vvarely to refrayne ¶ Of the nature and differences of Spirits what they worke in mans body and what affections they cause The second Chapter FOrasmuche as the Spirite is the originall maintener and conueigher of naturall heate whereunto moysture necessarilye adhereth that the Soule by the mynisterye and ayde thereof perfourmeth her powers and faculties and atchieueth all her actions it is requisite here next to discourse vpon it and vppon all the differences thereof For seinge there be three especiall thinges in whose temperature and moderation the health of mans body doth prīcipally cōsist vz. vitall moysture naturall heate Spirite which combineth all thinges and imparteth his force vertue nature vnto them our present purpose being considered we cannot by order choose but of necessity must presētly somwhat speake therof Vitall moysture is the nourishmente and matter of naturall heate whereupon it woorketh and by the benefite therof is maintayned and preserued With this Humour or vitall moysture is naturall heate fed and cheerished and from the same receyueth continuall mayntenaunce and from it participateth vitall power whereby all Creatures do liue are nourished encreased preserued procreated Spirite is the seate and caryer of Heate by whose helpe and mynisterye it is conueyed and sente by the conduites and passages of the Arteryes to euery seuerall part of the bodye Wherefore worthyly is this Spirite thought to be the chiefe and principal Instrument that procureth and executeth euery action These three do vnseperably cleaue together mutuallye helpe one an other and cannot be sundered wythout present death of the party and for this cause do wee thus in one definition expresse conclude and comprehend theyr force and nature wythin one definition Naturall heat is nothīg els but an originall humour wyth vitall spirite and heate totally moystened But forasmuch as Spirite conteyneth vitall heate and is of all the faculties ruler and directer spredeth it self most swiftly throughoute the whole body caryeth and extendeth his powers into euery part thereof vniuersally besyde this doth manifestly chaūge and alter the state both of body and minde therefore as the rest require great labour and diligēce vpon them to be bestowed so specially vpon this is the chiefest care to be takē to restore mayntein
thinges estraunged from oure bodyes not naturallye in vs engraffed but externally happening and yet nathelesse such as are as apt and ready to disquiet and annoy oure bodyes as those that be naturally planted in vs And these bee Meate and Dryncke wherewyth wee restore all such ouerdrye or ouer moyste substaunce as to the body is requysite And these twayne if they bee eyther immoderately taken or bee corrupte and vnholesome they do engender great stoare of excrements and sondry diseases Next vnto these is the Ayre that compasseth and on eche syde enuyroneth vs which beinge eyther extreemelye hoate or drye or ouermuch moyste or colde causeth enforceth a manifest alteration in the state of the whole body But to come somewhat neere and more aptlye to declare this matter it is to be vnderstanded that the verye beginninges of mans nature and principles of his generation is feminine Bloud Seede generatiue The one as it were of certayne apt conuenient and tractable matter like moyst claye or soft waxe is ready to fashion oute and proportion anye thing that the workemaÌ„ employeth it vnto And the Seede is as it were the workeman himselfe Both these thinges consist and are made of the same generall Elements and conteyne within them the qualityes aboue specifyed but the difference amonge themselues is in the order and measure of their temperameÌ„t For in the seede there is more of fierye and ayrie substance that is to say it is pertaker of aethereal Spirite In the Bloud there is more of watry and earthy albeit in this last the heate is aboue colde and moyst aboue dry For wee maye not say and affirme that Bloud is dry like boanes but to be moist Now is Seede dryer theÌ„ Bloud and yet it is also moyste fluible liquide Thus on both sydes the oryginall of mans generation proceedeth of moyst substaunce yet so that thence is laboured and made other partes of the bodye that be drye as Synewes Veynes Arteryes Bones and Grystles Now that which in the woÌ„be is conceyued and together of those principles fourmed waxing dryer taketh as it were the first lineamentes and proportion of euerye member afterward comming to perfect shape taketh further encrease so groweth to his iuste bignesse and decente quantitye And when it hath raught to his ful growth and bignesse as when the boanes for want of nourishmente are no longer plyable then doth a man ceasse from further growiÌ„g waxeth neither taller nor broader For comely talnesse and length of personage commeth and is caused of the aboundaunce of heate and moysture where the Spyrite is throughlye and fully perfused And if it happen that any eyther old or yong throughe sicknes or some other affect to fal into a cold and dry habite or disposition their bodies become and are leane wrynckled slender illfauoured thinne and lancke and their lymmes weake and crooked It fareth by them muche like as it doth by Horses Oxen or such like beastes that are skanted nipped of their fodder feeding or as it doth by Trees and other greene Herbes that lacke the iuyce of the ground not conueniently watered Therefore a fashioÌ„ that some Scholemasters others that take the charge vpon them to teach and boorde yonge boyes is mee thinckes both lewde vnconscionable who beinge at a playne bargaine and certaine stint of money reasonably agreed vppon betweene theym and the childrens frendes pinche theyr poore pupills and borders by the belly and allowe them meate neyther sufficient nor yet holesome yea not onely beastly sluttishlye nippinglye vse they the seely childreÌ„ but threatninglye enforce them to beare oute the labour of theyr studyes wyth a slender allowance and small pittaunce of vnsauery resty fleshe stinking fish and hoary vinewed bread which thing causeth them to be ill complexioned coloured the shape comlynes and beauty of theyr bodies to degenerate growe out of fashion the quicknes courage lyuelynes and sharpenes of their wit to decay theyr spirits to be dulled al the liuely vertues towardnes of the mynd which before was in them eyther by the benefite of Nature or by the industry of the parentes or finally by the onely special gift of Almighty God to be extinct vtterly quenched insomuch that neyther theyr mynd is enflamed with desire to attein atchieue any worthy atteÌ„pt nether frame they theÌ„selues vnto those thiÌ„gs wheruÌ„to they were inclinable by nature apt towardly As touching the outward case of their body they coÌ„moÌ„ly breake out haue their bodyes pinked ful of scabs by reasoÌ„ of ill humours ouerwhealed engrayled with lothsome blisters blaines byles botches Wherby it commeth to passe that in growth they seldom come to any personable stature to the vse of their ful powers to perfect streÌ„gth firmity of theyr members or to any haÌ„dsom scature or proper coÌ„poâ—â—ioÌ„ of bodily proportion the cause is for that in their tender growyng age being kept vnder by famine and skanted of conuenient meate and drincke theyr natiue moysture which requyreth coÌ„tinual cheerishing mainteynauÌ„ce was skaÌ„ted debarred of his due nourishment coÌ„petent allowance Whereupon the vital iuyce being exhausted speÌ„t they arriue to old age sooner theÌ„ otherwise they should doe are snatched vp by death long before their time Now that affect plight which bringeth the body into a cold dry disposition is called Olde age because it is the cause of corruption decay destruction of all aswell Creatures lyuinge as Plants herbes For death is nothing els but the extinction of nature that is to saye of the naturall Heate naturall Humour In which two things life consisteth to which extinction ende many are brought sooner then they should be either through want and defect of nourishment or throughe vntemperate life as toomuche carnall company with women vnseasonable watchinge heauines of mynde thoughte and manye other causes which hasten old age bring death vnloked for before his time contrarye to the order of age and course of Nature Do we not see many old meÌ„ lusty mery and wel complexioned strong of limmes good footemeÌ„ in their old dayes as fresh actiue as many yong meÌ„ be all which coÌ„meth vpoÌ„ no other cause but that in their youthfull dayes they liued orderly wel and spent not their adolescencie in vnruly riot lechery Againe there be of youngmeÌ„ a great nuÌ„ber weake worne to the bare stumps feeble lame fainte and impoteÌ„t dry as a kixe pale as ashes waÌ„ne colored for that they spent exhausted all the pithe and strength of theyr youth and adolescencye in wanton sensuality disordered riot and immoderate vse of Venerous daliauÌ„ce coÌ„suming therin the very floure and prime of their lusty age For euen as pleasauÌ„t gay March floures in the Springe of the yeare with nipping weather and sharpe Northernelye wynds do fade and
better then the reste And hee namely is to be thoughte and accompted hoate in whom that quality of heate aboundeth excelleth the other that be moderately constituted that is those that be tempered wyth moyst drye Of which state and condition if a man bee disposed throughly to searche oute and marke all the notes and signes he shall by proofe finde that whosoeuer is of that Complexion constitution is of stature comely and of shape and beauty agreeable and consouaÌ„te to manly dignitye of body not grosse sat or corpulent but reasonably faste fleshed For heate dissolueth and dissipateth all fatte things of conler red or if bloude be too hoate and boyling as in them that dwel in hoate regions and parching countryes browne or tawnie For there be in euery bodye accordinge to the condition of the ayre and region sondry degrees of heate and diuers considerations and differeÌ„ces both of this and of the other qualities also The Indians AEthiopians Moores Asians AEgyptians Palestines Arabians Greekes Italians Spanyatds Polonians Muscouites Germaines Frenchmen Duchmen c. are of sondry and different Complexions euerye one in his kinde hath of heate seuerall and sondry differences For euen as fewel and matter combustible for Fier is some hoater and more burning then some other is and as the fier panne or hearth wherein is burnt eyther Seacoales fattie turues of the nature of bitumen the burning lyme of chaulkye clay called Naphtha oyle pitch rosen or finally to speake of wood Oke Hornebeame Larche Byrch Elme Popler Wyllow the fier is vehementer and the hearth is of heate sometime extreme sometime more soft mylde So likewyse in euery maÌ„s body according to the nature of the place and order of lyfe and dyet this heate is encreased or dyminished and this is the very cause that men be of so sondry colours and of hayres so diuers differeÌ„t for in euery hoate CoÌ„plexioned body mixed with moderate humour the skiÌ„ne is rough hayrie the beard fayreand comly but the hayres of the head somwhat differ by reason of heate are of other colour For hayres being generated of a fuliginous grosse excremente of the third concoction become black when as the vapour being aduste by force power of heate the excrement is turned into an exact fuliginousnes Curled and crooked hayres proceede of a drynesse of ComplexioÌ„ caused through immoderate heate or els by reason of the straictnes and narrow issue of the pores where the rootes of the hayres be fastened For then haue they much adoe to peepe vp and finde any right way to appere out whereby it happeneth that they growe crooked curled frysled specially in them in whoÌ„ it so happeneth naturally beiÌ„g not artyficially procured nor by toto superfine curiostly frisled as some nyce dames Prickmedainties which curiously combe bring theyr hayres into a curled fashion and crysped lockes therby the more to set out their beauty to coÌ„mend themselues as they thinck after a more glorious shewe to the beholders Therfore all they that dwel in hoate dry regions haue hayre black of smal growiÌ„g curled crisp and as the Egyptians Spaniardes AEthiopians Moores and all other which in nature and condition ars lyke vnto them For we see many in euery region yea of them that dwell Northwarde towarde the Pole Arctick which if we consider theyr hayres colour coÌ„plexioÌ„ of their whole body seeme rather like foreyners strauÌ„gers then ConÌ„trey borne people So amoÌ„g y NetherlaÌ„ders low DuchmeÌ„ bordering vpon the Sea many be black curle heyred tawnyskiÌ„ned specially they which in SoÌ„mer are much in the heat of the SuÌ„ne vse much labour howbeit this variety of bodyes may be referred to sondry causes as eyther to the nature of the CouÌ„trey RegioÌ„ or to the power facultie of theyr meats nourishmeÌ„t or els finally to the hiddeÌ„ ymaginatioÌ„s of the womaÌ„ or mother Which ymaginations are of so great force efficacie that the things by her in mynd earnestly ymagined in at the very instant time of her coÌ„ceptioÌ„ is deryued into the infant child then begotten For this Sexe being wanton toying stedfastly eying euery thing that is offered to sight it happeneth that the naturall facultie being then in workinge formyng of the child directeth her cogitatioÌ„s inward coÌ„ceiptes y way bringeth vnto the InfaÌ„t an other forein shape forme in nature coÌ„ditioÌ„ altogether vnlike the right pareÌ„ts This euen in oure dayes and of late yeares hath bin by experience found true at what time the Emperour Charles the siâ—t of that name coming out of Spaine into y lowe Countryes arryued there wyth a wel appointed nauy of royal shippes hauing in his coÌ„pany a goodly trayne of noble GeÌ„tlemeÌ„ yeomeÌ„ Many womeÌ„ therabout being theÌ„ great with child through much beholdiÌ„g wel eying those galaÌ„t Spaniards after ix monethes brought theyr Infantes and children hauing eyebrowes and hayres blacke and curled and in all respects coloured like Spaniards And this happened not amonge filthye Corteghians common brothelles whom it might well be thought to haue bin vnderlinges hackeneyes to those hoate natured and lecherous Nation but the same fell so oute also among right honest tryed Matrones whose approued chastitye and vertuous dispositioÌ„s were so irreprooueable that they were not to be once charged wyth the lest suspicion of any such lewednes and yet these affections and impressions in theyr children tooke place accordingly In lyke maner wheÌ„ y Emperour Maximilian who was desceÌ„ded of the house of Austrich had also the gouernment ouer the Low Countreyes the women being much in compaignie and sighte of the Germaynes brought forth theyr Children with yelowe flexen hayres and in eche poynt lyke to Germaynes For they and all other as many as are borne and bred in cold and moyke Countryes haue hayres fine streight and somewhat ruddie and beardes of the colour of brasse for that the heares are neyther adusted by the SuÌ„ne nor yet by any inward heate for hauinge moysture plentifully and issues oute at the poores easye ynough the aboundance of the excrements wherwyth they be nourished maketh the hayres thick and the adustion which causeth the colour to bee blacke it maketh weake Blacke hayre therfore commeth of vapour by heat aduste when the excrement is wrought and turned into an exact fuliginousnes The cause that produceth yellow hayre is when the vapour is not much adust and heated for that which is then impressed in the skinne and seeketh eruption is the feculent excrement of yelow Choler and not of Melancholie But white hayre coÌ„meth of Phlegme and of a humoure cold and moyst Redde hayres as they be meane betweene yelow and whyte so doth the generation of it proceede of a certayne nature meane betweene Phlegme and Choler Now they that dwel in countryes temperate and betweene these haue
and lowde reading of bigge tuned sounds by stoppes and certayne Pauses as our Comicall felowes now do that measure Rhetorick by theyr peeuish Rhythmes it will bryng exceeding much good to the Breast and Muscles No lesse ease and profite lykewyse shall a man thereby finde for the openyng of hys pypes and expelling thence al obstructions specially if hee vse himselfe a litle to holde in his breath and pinching together his lyppes wyth his cheekes full blowen to let his breath gushe oute wyth a full sturdye sounde But this in yonge men sayth Galene is to bee moderated till they be at consistente Age and in mornynges when the body is emptye and not infarced neyther wyth the nightly exercyse of venerous pastimes afore wearyed and weakened This Exercyse also of al others is most chiefly coÌ„uenieÌ„t good for them that eyther by imperfectioÌ„ of nature or by negligeÌ„ce of Nurses are crooke-backed For the Muscles of their bulke breast and the lappes or bellowes of theyr LoÌ„ges being drawen together crooked toward theyr backs causeth theÌ„ to be shortwynded which by this meanes is greatly eased they therby made to fetche their wynd a great deale better with more facility Horses of good courage breedâ— when they feele the Spurre with coursinge tramplinge and fâ—tching the capre caryre or curuetty do the very same thinge naturally with their snuffing Nosethrils a tokeÌ„ wherby to know good coragious Horse which men do when they holde in theyr breath stroute out their C. jeekes This trick to make theÌ„ snuffe y Horscorsers vse by pinching them by the Noses and if thereupon they forthwyth puffe and blowe they take it for a certayne signe and sure token that the same horse is good and hath in him no hidden nor secrete fault For if he pace not well if he fling oute wyth his heeles and kicke if he haue a stiffe legge or a blynde eye and such like outward impediment it is euident by sight and loking on to be perceyued by other outward tokens ought and may easelye be found out and tryed I could heere repeate a great sort of other exercises moe as Dyce Tables Cardes but because they bee the pastimes recreations of ydle persons to be done standing still or sittinge and againe be not in y noÌ„ber of coÌ„mendable delights laudable solaces I haue spared in this place to speake anye thing of them For men of good nature and disposition when they haue any spare time from their other earneste busynesse desyre frequente such solaces sportes as are ioyned with honesty such as are the pleasures of the countrye practize of husbaÌ„dry which briÌ„geth with it not only pleasure but profite gaine also the plentifully without any dislykiÌ„g toyle For the master or owner of the ground needes not with his owne handes to moyle toyle digge and delue plough and carte sow harrowe breake cloddes to digge aboute his trees and cleanse awaye the superfluous and hurtful earth sithence he may take lesse paynes by committing the doing thereof to his Hindes and meigniall Hyerlings whom he may dayly ouersee and by word of mouth berke or figne appointe what he will haue to be done and taken in hand Which thing is meant by Terence where he bringeth in one old maÌ„ reprouing an other for drudging and moylinge in his grounde himselfe saying thus The toyle and labour vvhich thou takest vvith thyne ovvne hands if thou vvouldest bestovv the same in ouerseeinge thy folkes and setinge them to their busynesse thou shouldest haue more vvorke done by a great deale The owners foote maketh a fruitfull fielde sayth the Prouerbe and the Maysters eye fatteth the horse Now when we leaue of from exercyse and come to our meate and drincke which restoreth strength we must be very wary carefull that we ouercharge not our stomackes wyth superabundaunce and saciety For as too much abstinence and hunger is oftentymes hurtfull so too much fulnes and saciety is neuer profitable holesome for there wyth the Stomacke is too-much stuffed and distempered with cruditye engendring oppilation and putrefaction the verye breeders and procurers of Agewes and al other diseases To maynteyne preserue bodely health in perfect stay and soundnes all thinges are to be done in due order and by right choyse of iudgement so that according to the precept of Hyppocrates Labour or Exercyse Meate Drynck carnal Acte all muste be vsed in measure and be done in their due time and order Hereby wee see that by his opynion healthynes must take his beginning at Exercyse after which meate and drincke commeth next then Slepe and last of an carnall Act meetest for them sayth Galene â— vsually haue recourse thereto and feele sheve by leaste harme that is for 〈◊〉 Age for so Olde age and dry bodyes it is exceedingly hurtfull and most pernitious Neyther â—â—it without daunger and harme to be frequeÌ„ted of those that be of 〈◊〉 Complexions specially being vsed oute of season or immoderately or when the weather is hote In the Spring time it is more tolilerable and holesome after that the bodye is with moderate 〈…〉 meate and brincke heated and moystened and being also before sleepe For by this meanes the wearynesse 〈…〉 doing is by Sleepe incontineutly 〈◊〉 cased and repayred ¶ Emptynesse and Repletion THis moderation is in other thinges also to be obserued as when the body requyreth with meate and brincke to the refreshed or being wyth humours appâ—ete defyreth 〈◊〉 prouided alwayes that good consideration be had what strength the bodye is of what nature is able to beare and how farre herein a man may safely apuenture Which thing also in well and cyrcumspectly to be waighed and 〈◊〉 of in openyng of Veynes in prouokinge sweate in procuring laskes in skowringe and purginge the Entrailes and prouokinge vomites for in these regard and respecte muste be had both of time age custome nature and Countrey Neither ought any man of custome to vse and try any of these experiences rashly vpon himself except great cause therunto moue him or that he be troubled with much aboundaunce of noysome humours which requyre eyther by purgation or els by euacuation to bee expelled For in euerye CouÌ„try almost there be some which at all seasoÌ„s of the yeare vse to be let bloude or els by scaryfyinge the skinne to be cupped to the no small hindraunce daunger and empechmeÌ„t of their health for together with the bloude which is the treasure of lyfe there passeth out no smal deale of the vitall Spirite whereby the whole bodye falleth into great coldnes and nature weakened therby made lesse hable to performe her woorke and function So likewyse others without any aduyse of the Physitions wyll swallowe Pylles dryncke Purgations whereby they enfeeble their strength and hasten old age before the time The same now and then happeneth to sondry
but procure to it selfe quietnes tranquillity which as Tullye witnesseth is the chiefeste pointe that helpeth vs in this lyfe to lyue well and happely Which none can haue sauing he that can subdue and mayster his affections and shake of the tyrannous yoke of lewd vices this is by no other meanes to be brought to passe but by a fyrme assured truste and beliefe in God onelye and the same to bee stedfastly grounded vppon his holye Worde and Heauenlye Spyrite by whose directioÌ„ a maÌ„ shal not fayle to haue the gyft of TeÌ„peperaunce to qualefye all his wilful affections to withdraw and keepe him backe from all licentious lust Insolencie immoderate ioye excessiue myrth hatred angre desyre of reuenge greedye scrapyng couetousnesse and all other victous affections whatsoeuer And by this meanes both the partes of man that is to saye both Soule Body which by a certayne Sympathie or mutuall consent and conspyracie agree together shal be in perfect state and soundnes withoute beinge wyth any Sicknesse or greeuous malady distempered ¶ Of a cold Complexion The viij Chapter BEcause the cold CoÌ„plexion is cleane coÌ„trary and opposite to the hoate Constitution and for that this is the worst of al others furthest from that state which is perfectest best I wil addresse my next speach to discourse vpon it to theÌ„d if it be possible it may be amended and brought to a better case For sithens lyfe doth consist in a temperature of hoate moyste whereby bodies encrease to their growth and attaine to manlye strength and stature worthelye and by good reason may this be accompted of al others the worst for that in euery point and respecte that tendeth to the furtheraunce of strength mayntenaunce of health it helpeth no whit neyther geeueth any encrease thereto at all For consideringe that in it there lacketh heate and all the powers and faculties naturall it is not able for the weakenes of the Instrumentes and Organes to attracte digest that nourishment y is moyste nor to make it lyke and consubstantial witht he body and meÌ„bers And euen as naturall heate of all the faculties in the bodye is strongest to do his functions so Cold is cleane contrarye vnto it and fit for no function specially concerninge the Acte of Nature in the alteration of nourishment For in it is no maner of vtilitie or help touchiÌ„g the conseruation maintenaunce of the bodye eyther in the offyce of concoction and digestion or in anye of the other vertues or powers of Nature But yet in this quality although it waÌ„t of integritye and temperature there is alwayes some heate but the same is very fainte weake and throughe colde blunte and feeble For if heat shoulde totallye fayle or bee vtterlye extinguished life coulde not continue Therefore in this body heate is not altogether consumed and wasted but cold is aboue it and ouercommeth it and in the mixture of the other qualityes is more in quaÌ„tity and stronger then any other and thereuppon hath it his name to be termed Cold. And therefore so longe as lyfe remayneth in man and anye portion of vitall heate in the body it is good and expedient by al wayes and meanes to styrre vp cheerishe naturall heate with nourishment exercyse conuenient that it be not through cold oppressed and troden downe For there is no greater enemyes thereto then Slouth ydlenes and cold meats as hereafter shal be more at large declared Some I thincke do marueile how men of this constitution and complexion can continue and liue sithens their bloud being cold theyr vertues Animal and Spirable be decayed and dead But let euery maÌ„ note that there be many Creatures of most cold nature as the Salamandet the Fyer worme the Torpedo of the Sea and many fishes moe wherof some be of nature so extreeme colde and chillinge that if they touch fyer they streightwayes quenche it as it were yce some do so astonne the lymmes of them that touche them that they haue no feelinge nor sense in their handes or lymmes a good whyle after There is no kinde of Fyshes which by myne owne experience I am able to aduouch and testifye that hath warme bloud sauynge Whorlepooles Porpeses and Seales or Sea Calues which haue hayrie skiÌ„nes Tonyes Dolphines and as many as are rough skinned or thicke leatherye hyded such as amonge those that liue aswell vppon land as in water are the Beuer and the Otter These haue warme bloude but all others haue cold And for this cause Monsters of the Sea being taken oute of the Water do by reason of theyr inward heate and store of warme bloude liue longe whereas other sortes of fishes aswell of the Sea as of fresh waters assoone as they bee taken oute of the Water or cast on shore geeue but certaine gaspes and die immediatly which is an vndoubted argumente and certaine token that in them is very muche cold and congealed humour and of heate very litle For which reason they bee not able to bee kept longe but will soone putresse if they be not streightwayes salted or put in pickle By this may easie contecture be made of what plight bodely state those persoÌ„s be which stil eate fyshe and lyue a solytarye life withoute keeping company with others and being forbidden fleshe which the Father of Nature hath created and appointed wyth thankesgeeuinge of all men to be eaten do commonly feede vpon rotten stinking Saltfysh Which kind of people for many of that stampe and disposition haue for many yeares vsed may aduyse in Phisicke I am wont to perswade counsell that they shoulde drincke after them good stronge and pure wyne and abandoning all idlenesse and slouth vse continuall Exercise I haue knowen sondry of them that throughe grosse and claminie glewysh phlegme haue gotten the Letharge or drowsse euill the Apoplexie the Crampe Polsey and Wâ—ye mouthes There is none of these persons but hee aboundeth and is replete wyth much Phlegme and Phlegmaticke excrementes which maketh them lumpish and sleapie forgetfull â—low of body and mynde pale coloured except some time at the comminge of some of their especiall frendes they bee heated with wyne and thereby haue dumpes dryuen out of their myndes For by this meanes their colour is made fresher and all heauie drowsynesse banished and chased out of their myndes If therfore thou desyre to haue a paterne of a colde complexioned person ryghtlye pourtrayed oute vnto thee set before thine eyes men that by profession of lyfe liue in this order and by their former wonted trade of dyet are broughte vnto this habite yea although aforetime they were of a disposition and maner of lyfe cleane contrary These men doe liue but their life is like the Periwinkle or Snaile whose substaunce consisting of a congealed licour concrete moysture is liquefied and resolued into the same Which thing is to be
can greatly hurte them Which persons althoughe with dainty fare idle life and much Sleepe they bring themselues many times to this porzynes corpulencie yet they be not so daungerously sicke whē any discrasie happeneth as they that be of the same constitution and state from their firste begīning For although some which in their youth were slender leane happen afterward to be fat grosse and fleshie yet their veynes Arteryes and other passages and cunduites of their bodyes remaine still large and wyde which thing plainlye appeareth whensoeuer they feeling themselues not wel at ease haue any occasion to be let bloud For in this accidentall habite of body althoughe the party be fat and forgrowen yet the veynes lye not hid vnappearing as in them that naturally be grosse but swel out and plainlye appeare to the eye offering thēselues to the Laūce by incisiō hāsomly to be cut Therfore although this moyst Cōplexion being cherished by heat be laudable good for that it prolongeth life differreth and keepeth away Oldage suffereth not the body to grow into drynesse yet if it exceede toofarre or stand in the point of extremity it is daungerous For when by reason of the veynes beinge ful the body ceasseth to be nourished and the faculties of nature which distribute nourishmente intermit their office and cannot worke in this case needes must the body go to wracke and incurre inconuenience so that eyther sodaine death therupon ensueth or els al least some rupture of y Vessels and veynes happeneth These things being considered it shal be good speedely and in time to forsee breake this habite and disposition and by y meanes of moderate euacuation abstynence and watchinge to preuente further daunger vsing such a prescripte diet and ordinary as best serueth to reduce the bodye into a safer and lesse daungerous Constitution For this is genera lye to be noted that a bodye is not to be accompted reckened moyst in respecte of abundaunce of excrements and humours but of a temperate moystnes of all the parts and of the whole proportionably together wyth which tēperate moysture naturall heate is fedde and nouryshed and life therby many yeares prolonged Finis Libri Primi THE SECONDE BOOKE WHER IN AS IN A GLASSE is plainly and liuelye described the perfecte state and expresse Image of euery particuler Nature By the vvhich euery man may most readily finde out the very right Constitution plight condition affect and disposition of his ovvne Body ¶ Of a Compounde Complexion The first Chapter COmpounde Complexions consistinge of two qualities a piece are in nūber foure like as y symple be vz hoat and Moyst Hoat and Dry Cold and Moyst Colde Drye vnto whom there belong and are appendant so many Humours diffused into euery parte of the whole body Bloud Phlegme Choler Melācholie These according to the nature of nourishmēt receyued are encreased or diminished suffring chaūg alteration are easelye one into an other transmuted And albeit these humours being of great force diuers wayes and sondryly affecting the bodye yea the wyth fulsome and vnpleasaunte exhalations and sentes is oftentimes greatly annoyed and encūbred euen as ill naughtye wyne bringeth to the brayne affects both hurtful and daūgerous may not be accompted Elementes neyther are able to constitute any Complexion yet are they endued wyth Elementall qualitye and vertue and helpe much to the conseruation keeping of the whole body in good plight and order For as wee see the fyer to be fedde wyth matter combustible and Torches Lynkes Candles and such like nouryshed wyth Oyle or some other rosennye and fattie substaunce so lykewise the elementall qualities and all the powers and faculties of nature derpued into the vital spermaticke seede of our Parents do stande in continuall neede of nourishment For if the body should not be susteyned wyth nourishment or if the humours which moystē euery particuler member should lack the preseruatyues and fomentations wherewyth they be maynteyned the whole frame of mans body must of necessity decaye and be vtterly dissolued and euery part thereof vanishe away into his lyke whereof it was generated or into that whose nature it conteyneth wythin it selfe whether it do participate with Fyer Apre Earth Water or drawe neere in nature and be famylier to any of them They depend mutually one of an other and are stedfastly maynteyned by the helpe and stay one of an other Neyther is there any parte in mans body so small so vyle or so abiect that hath not respect to the comelynesse and conseruation of the whole bodye doth orderly discharge his due office and proper function whereunto it was created And this I would not haue to be onely spoken and ment of y vse and vtility of euery of the members partes seuerally but also of the humours which by the helpe of nourishment do meynteine supporte and vnderproppe the temperamente and complexion of eche body and by the helpe of naturall heate do geeue increase and growth to al the members generally For which cause Hippocrates and Galene not wythout good reason apoint the foure naturall humours being perfect and pure the Elements of Creatures endued wyth bloud for out of theym commeth a secundarie oryginall of oure procreation For they mynister matter plentifully and helpe highly in the breedinge and shaping of the Infante or yonglinge specially if the body be well ballassed wyth good holesome meates and now and then heated wyth a draught of good wyne for without these Venus games are perfourmed but faintly sorilie which thing seemeth to be ment by the yong Strypling Chremes in Terence who being sober beganne to abhorre and loath his harlot and Concubine but beynge wel whittled in wyne to take therin gret delight and pleasure and not scarse able to qualefie himselfe from committinge further follie wyth her as in this Prouerbiall sentence he flatly professed Take meate and drincke and vvyne avvay Small is the lust to Venus play For the Testicles Genitories and members of generation draw vnto them frō the principall mēbers and conuert into Seede the best most exquistielye concocted humours Which seede hauing 〈◊〉 great store of effectuous profitable Spyrit is the worker of heate of all the other faculties and in the begetting and procreation of Children is the chiefe parent and causer Into it is a wonderful vertue and diuine power by Gods good will and appoyntmente infused for the shaping and fashioning of the yong Creature wythin the mothers wombe for it produceth a fruict of seemely most beautifull workemanship rightly shapen and in ech poynt perfectly proporcioned if the Seede wherof it was begotten do issue from a sound and holesome body for otherwyse if the seede be of a diseased corrupt and infected bodye the issue and ofspringe cannot choose but be monstruous and deformed Somewhat therfore to recreate the Reader to make this argument more
plausible delightfull and populer I will depaint and set downe y nature and condition of the Humours that rule and beare sway in mans bodye because they produce and bringe forth their lyke qualities For Bloud is partaker of Hoat and moyste Choler of hoat and Dry Phlegme of Cold and moyste and Melancholie of Cold and dry Therefore that Temperament which is Hoate and moyst may very well be referred to a Sanguine man Hoat and dry to a Cholerique and so forth of the rest but yet so that wee confesse the Complexion and temperament of maÌ„ not to grow or proceede elsewhere then of the Elemental qualities for of theÌ„ haue they theyr names not of y Humours First therefore there be iiii Elements Fyer Ayre Earth Water which of al things made are the original beginnings Next are the Qualities that is to say the myxture of Hoat Cold Mayst and Dry of whoÌ„ proceede the differences of Complexions Last of all the foure Humours whose force and Nature the seede comprehendeth and conteyneth wythin it vnto whom besyde the qualities which are to it in steede of an Instrumente and not of a woorker the chiefe cause next vnder God of the fourmyng and creation of al the parts is truly to be attributed These holesome humours to the conseruation of health and mayntenaunce of lyfe are right necessary and profitable For of them do consist and of them are nourished the entyer parts of all Creatures and for this cause so long as a man lyueth he can neuer want these without great detrimeÌ„t dauÌ„ger of his health Notwythstanding according to the course of time and season of the yere according to the quality of the ayre enclosing vs accordinge to the condition of the place where we dwel and according to the nature of ech age they are encreased or dimynished For Bloud being the best of all the humours and endued with heate and moysture is in his chiefe pryme force in the Spring season namely peculier and proper to lustye flourishinge age which commonly is of a sanguine and ruddie colour which neuerthelesse wanteth not also in the other Natures Phlegme being like vnto water is of nature colde and moyst and taketh his encrease in wynter and engendreth diseases like vnto it selfe Choler beinge of qualitie hoate and drye resembleth tyer hath his most force in Sommer which although in sight and touching it appeare moyst and of colour yelowish like Maluesey yet in operacion power and effect it is hoat of ardent nature Melancholie not vnlike to Earth cold drye encreaseth and taketh force in Autumne this is the dryer and grosser part of bloud and the dreggie refuse thereof All these differences of humours wheÌ„ a veine is opened for it is not all pure bloude that gussheth thereout is plainly of all men to be perceyued First before it be cold it doth shewe and represent to the eye an ayrie fomy Spirit which by and by vanisheth awaye then an exact pure licour of most perfect and excellente ruddynesse y which is pure and right bloude in which there swymmeth Choler and sometime toughe clammye Phlegme sometime liquide and thinne according to the nature condition and state of maÌ„ Last of all if you tourne vp the whole masse or lumpe you shall finde Melancholie altogether of colour blacke And thus euerye humour abundinge in the bodye bewrayeth it selfe by his owne proper colour insomuch that sometime y bloud that issueth out of the veynes liquefyeth and is dissolued into Choler or Phlegme or clottereth thickeneth into MelaÌ„cholie reteyneth either no colour or very litle of bloud And if a man were disposed by taste to haue further knowledge in these humours he maye with his tongue and palate aswell iudge and discerne the relyce and tallage thereof as he doth their colour by his eye For Bloud is sweete in a maner of the relyshe and tast of mylke because it is much like and of kinne vnto it Choler is bitter of the nature of Gall Phlegme vnsauery as water and without all qualitye so longe as it is not rotten nor myxt wyth other humours for then is it eyther salt or sowrishe Melancholie is sharpe eigreâ— tarte These tastes and relyshes there is no maÌ„â—hat perceyueth and feeleth not when as in voanyting perbraking hee casteth vp any of them yea in sweate and euen in the spettle these tastes are manyfestlye descryed perceiued for of these hâ—â—mours they haue participate their powers facultyes and with their qualityes are they endned ¶ Of a Hoate and moyst Complexion and by the way of the disposition and nature of a Sanguine man The ij Chapter HAuing heretofore set downe the descriptioÌ„ of symple Complexions and temperatures which bee so termed for that they consiste of one onely quality bearyng swaye and dominion more theÌ„ any of y rest by course of my purposed work I am next to entreate of them that are compouÌ„d For in the very beginning and first entrauÌ„ce of this worke my promyse and ful intent was to set downe and describe such a Complexion and state of body as was in euery point perfect and absolute and to repulfe keepe away al such harmes and inconueniences as in anye wyse mighte empayre health or brynge the bodye from his good state into worse case and taking I haue therfore thought it good here in this place first to inserte the temperament that is hoat and moyst because it is nâ—ereste and lykest to the best For no state of body sauing onely the best and chiefeste is better or more commendable then this nor any that longer prolongeth life and keepeth backe Didage so that the same consist and be wythin y limittes and compasse of temperatnes that is of hoate and moyst Therfore sithens this state among al that be compound is accoÌ„pted chiefeste wee muste stande vppon the discourse therof the more narowly and precysely and the rather because sundry PhysitioÌ„s make no mo but soure differences grounding their reasons and not altogether painly that it is not possible as Galene wytnessethâ— that any temperature or distemperature can long continue alone and symple For somuch as necessarilye it adopteth and taketh to it an other For y Hoate consumynge wastinge moysture engendreth and bryngeth drynesse Cold consuming wasting nothing after a sorte encreaseth humour Semblably the Dry quality in those ages that a Creature groweth and encreaseth maketh it hoater but when it decreaseth and draweth towarde decay it maketh colde and dryeth the solide partes of the body but the Receyuers and conceptacles of the humours it filleth wyth excrements which thing in Oldmen is plainly to be discerned perceyued who abouÌ„de and are ful of Phlegme spitting spatteringe aâ— theyr mouth with their Noses euer dropping and sneuillye Which thing later Phisitions eueÌ„ of our time as yet obseruing reiecting symple temperatures which notwythstanding may not wel be
so shakâ— of and forgotteÌ„ appoint onely foure to wit them that be coÌ„pound vnto whoÌ„ they haue geeuen names not of their qualities but somwhat vnaptly of those coÌ„monly termed knoweÌ„ humours y is to say SaÌ„guine Cholerique Phlegmatique MelaÌ„cholique by y squyer leauel of whoÌ„ they wold haue these 4. differeÌ„ces of coÌ„plexioÌ„ or teÌ„perature to be reduced tryed Which dealiÌ„g reasoniÌ„g of theirs as it sauoreth of populer iudgmeÌ„t learning to the common sort very plaussble so standeth it not with the precise opynion and censure of them that would haue eche thing skanned and measured in his righte nature and kinde In the meane season I as one desirous to recoÌ„cyle Physitions thus factiously iarrynge in opynion and woulde God this vniformitye and attonement were also broughte to passe in matters of ReligioÌ„ for the better quieting of many mens Consciences both parties shall suffer the chiefe place to be assigned and geeuen to the hoate and moyst Complexion excepting alwayes as I said before the temperatest of all whereunto as at a marcke we must direct our mynd and leauel our whole matter that by it euery man may trye his owne nature which so loÌ„g as it is in his perfect strength vigour quality produceth bringeth foorth a Sanguine man. And thus there is in a maner no differeÌ„ce neither preiudiciall to anye partye eyther to call it by the name of a hoate and moyst Complexion or els by the terme of a Sanguine man who by the benefite of this holesome humour conteyneth hath within him these qualities albeit Bloud it selfe for wee will keepe all thinges wythin their prescripte limittes doth not engender and cause heate and moystnes but rather heate and moysture produceth Bloud Now Bloud of all iuyces and humours is the best and to mans life an alimente and maintener chiefly appropriat famylier and domesticall for throughe the force furtheraunce of vitall Spirite which is the preseruer and seÌ„der of natural heate into euery part of the bodye Bloud is conueighed by the cunduytes and Vesselles of the Arteryes and Veynes so both nourisheth mainteyneth and preserueth the whole body And for that this pure cleare defecate loouely and amyable Iuyce is the special thing that conserueth euery lyuinge Creature in his beynge wherein also consisteth the lyfe and vigour of euerye nature that lyueth by breath therefore the Hebrew Lawmaker Moses by the direction and appointmente of God himselfe forbadde all maner of bloud to be eateÌ„ because the lyfe of al Creatures coÌ„sisteth in bloud is therwyth nourished and mainteyned euen as the flame of a Candle is with the Oylie weeke as it plainly appeareth by a man that bleedeth verye much whose bodye is then in euery part cold wanne for want thereof fayntinge and in a maner readye to geeue vp the Ghost I haue knowen many whose vitall spyrite bleedinge out and yssuinge together wyth their bloud haue been thereby brought into great daunger of their liues And therefore this treasure of Lyfe must moste carefullye be conserued because it is of all Humours the most excellent wholesome Nowe as the Arteries which abounde more wyth vitall spyrite then wyth bloud spring from the heart so the Veynes which conteyne more bloud then ayrie spyrite proceede and spryng froÌ„ the Lyeuer and are dispersed abroad in brauches and fibres into euerye yea the verye furtheste places of the body For the Lyuer is the shoppe and chiefe workemaster of grosse thicke bloude althoughe the first oryginall thereof be ascribed to the Heart by whose power faculty the bloud is made and throughly wrought being endued wyth vitall spyrite conueigheth naturall heat to eche part of the body Bloud and vital Spyrite are in their chiefest Pryme and most abound in lusty and flourishing yeares albeit there is no age that lacketh the same although in old worne age bloud begynneth to draw to a coldnes the vital spyrit then neyther so hoate neither so stronge and effectuous which thinge as it is in them well to bee obserued and perceyued by their frequente gestures and often moouing of the body and the partes thereof yet specially maye it be seene noted by their colour which in a yonge lusty Stryplyng and youthfull body of good constitution is ruddy and fresh but in them that be further stryken in yeares or further of from this temperamente is not so pure so beautifull nor so pleasaunt to behold for that all their comelynesse beauty is eyther faded awaye or throughe some euill humours and hidden imperfection or blemishe appeareth in them worse then in the yonger sort So many being affected or disteÌ„pered in their Splene wombe Lyuer ventricle and Lunges are commonly either pale yelow tawnie dunne duskie or of some other ill fauoured colour There is no surer way sayth Galene certainly to knowe the humours and iuyce in a Creature then by the colour and outward complexion If the body loke very whyte it is a token that phlegme in that body chiefely reigneth most aboundeth If it be pale or yelow it argueth the humour to bee greatly Melancholique and Cholerique and the bloude to be freshe and reddye if it be blackish it betokeneth blacke adust Choler specially if no outwarde accidentall occasion happen as great heate or chafing labour or wearynesse or if the mynde bee not intoxicate and perplexed wyth affectes and passions as Angre Ioye Sorow Care pensyuenes for these make the humours sometyme to resort vnto the skynne vtter parts and sometime to hyde and conueyghe themselues farre inwardly and for this cause wee see men y are fumish and testy to be in a marueylous heat proceeding not of any sticknesse or discrasse but of â–ª the motion and stirring of the humours againe them that be affrighted and in mynde amazed to be pale Some to loke as wanne as Lead some whyte and swartie sometyme blewyshe sometime of sondrye colours all which betoken crude humours and raw iuyce to beare rule and swaye in the bodye eyther of phlegme glasselyke toughe or of some other sort or els many rotteÌ„ humours clamped vp in y bodye which by outward tokeÌ„s and signes bewray shew themselues what they be and what they signifie They therefore that be of a hoate and moyst constitution and haue greate store of bloude wythin theim are of a purple and reddie coloure softe warme and smooth skinned comely of stature of reasonable feacture fleshye bodyed and a little roughe aburne heyred redde or yealow bearded and comely bushed of which feacâ—ure plight and bodely shape the Scripture witnesseth that Dauid was who beyng after that Saule was cast of and reiected appointed King and onnoyâ—ted by Samuel was of a brownish Complexâ—oÌ„ excellent beauty well fauoured in sight and 〈◊〉 â—â—tenauÌ„ce very cheerefull and amyable Such a comety grace and Princelye shape was to be scene in the moste victorious Prince Philip Kinge
when hee is cleane wyped from all his wealthe and bodelye strength hee mourne and wyth syghes bewayle his former wylfulnes and the decaye of his forspent and wearish body Therefore to escape cleare withoute takings any harme by immoderatly vsing this venerous acte so much space of time by Galene his prescription oughte to bee vsed betweene that neyther anye resolution bee thereby perceyued and felt neither lassitude And agayne that a man maye feele himselfe lighter and lustyer and hauing disourdened and disbalassed himselfe of his prouocatiue supersluous Sperme to fetch his breath the better Also a conuenient and fitte time ought to bee taken to witte when the bodye is meanelye constituted neyther too full nor too emptie of which matter elsewhere wee are to speake more at large But if anye Sanguine complexioned person the better to serue God be delighted in leading a single and vnmaryed lyfe by profession of chastytie him do I counsayle and aduyse very cyrcumspectlye and precysely to consider his owne state disposition and nature whether he be well able to qualefy and kepe vnder this disordered vnruly affection or no. For in such a waightye case a man must cyrcumspectly looke about him and very aduysedly forsee that hee do not inconsyderately tye himselfe to any profession wythout iudgemeÌ„t choyse and discretion least his foolish rashnes brynge him afterwards to repentaunce when he shall feele himselfe surcharged and vnhable to weild the burdeÌ„ which he hath takeÌ„ vppon him to beare For the Sperme or Seede of Generation being a redounding excremente and superfluous Humour residue and remayninge of the last alimente and comminge from the vessells of y Testicles wher it is exactlye fourmed and throughly laboured is employed to begette yssue yea the natural power faculty is desyrous to haue this collection of Humour to be purged and by the euacuatinge thereof to be eased of a troublesome and intollerable caryage euen as the other partes of the body for theyr partes desyre to bee disburdened of theyr superfluous excremeÌ„ts to wit vryne ordure spettle sweat sneuel spattling and Phlegme Right good and holesome therefore haue Ieuer deemed that worthy admonition and Counsell of CHRIST in the Gospel and of the Apostle lykewyse that they which can comprehend this matter and are able to perfourme and kepe it should remayne chast and ioyfully embrace the same as a heaueÌ„ly gyft assuryng themselues that Gods Diuine assistaunce in so godlye a purpose will not fayle them wythout which all that man purposeth or taketh in hand is frustrate vayne as besyde S. Paule the wyse Kyng Salomon witnesseth For it is not to bee doubted but a man may subdue and vanquish this slyppery affectioÌ„ althoughe verye hardly and by lyuing a continent lyfe maye perfourme his determinate resolution and vow so it be done and taken in hande onely vppon zeale and deuotion the better thereby to entend Gods seruice and geeue himselfe to heauenly conteÌ„placions For they that be wrapped in many cares and shakiÌ„g away from them all slouth and ydlenesse do mortifie themselues spend their time in watchinge hunger sparefeeding earnest study fasting and prayer continuall meditation of holy Scripture and painful preaching night and day wherby this kinde of Deuils is cast out they I say feele not themselues greatly moued in desyre to this thing For why these that I meane do willinglye voluntarily not forcibly superstitiouslye betake themselues to this kinde of life the better thereby to applye theyr euangelical function and more freely to intende the sacred study of Diuinity Of a colde and moyst Complexion which setteth out and declareth the condition state and nature of persons Phlegmaticke The iij. Chapter NExt after the Hoate moyst Constitution order requyreth to describe and set oute the Cold moyst Temperature wherein reigneth aboundeth Phlegme whereof after bloude no small porcion is diffused into euery part of the body And this Humour draweth somewhat neere to the nature of Bloude and is in affinitye with it both in respecte of essence and society of their conceptoryes For it is as it were a certayne Bloud vnconcoct or a rudimente and first beginning of Bloud yet vnperfect not exactly laboured a reseÌ„blaunce shew or paterne whereof we may well behold in Muste or new Wyne whyle it is yet hoate and newly taken wringed out of the Presse For as Galene righte learnedly noteth the subtyle and ayrte part of the Wyne which is the some or spurging therof boyleth vp to the toppe and vnderneath is an vnsauery Humour in relyce like to the nature of sweetishe water which being excocte settled cleansed and fyned from the dregges obteyneth and is broughte to the nature of pure and good Wyne And albeit Phlegme be whytishe and haue no rednesse in it at all yet being excoct and the coldnes thereof taken away and subdued by the force and efficacie of heate it is reduced and broughte into a ruddie fresh coloured licour And eueÌ„ as naturall Phlegme which participateth with a certaine sweetenes is through heate conuerted and wrought into Bloud and redde colour so likewyse Bloud in the Dugges or Teates partly of the nature of the place where it resteth and partly of the heate of the heart neere vnto whom the Pappes are placed is broughte and turned into Mylke whyte and gaye coloured For this cause some as superstitious Phylosophicall as Pythagoras abstayned not onely from eating of flesh but also from Egges and Mylk because they reckened and accompted the same no other then liquide flesh because the onâ— being a certaine space couered and kepte warme by the naturall heate of the Henne sitting thereuppon wil wythin fewe dayes bring forth a Chicken the other if the colour were chaunged they accompted euen very bloud But this seemeth to many a thing very strauÌ„g and prodigious that yonge Children newlye borne yea of the Male kinde haue Mylke in the Nypples of theyr Dugges runninge out eyther of it owne accord or easely with the fingers 〈◊〉 sed pressed out which thing I my selfe vpon a certaine time fynding by experience tryall true aduysed the partyes at certayne times to 〈◊〉 and force it out least otherwyse it should clotter congele and curd together into an hard substaÌ„ce For this Mylkie licour in children is engendred of the great and abundaunte alimente which at those â—ssues nypples and spoutes by nature of the place and helpe of the Heart which is the founteyne and Welspryng of heate is conuerted into Mylke Now the Mammiles or dugges which be the Receptacles of Mylke beinge spongie and hollow and the glandulous or kernellie flesh wythin them bloudlesse and whyte do transmute and alter that bloud which they receyue into Mylke for euery part of the body altereth and chaungeth his nourishment makynge it in colour similare lyke and familiar to it selfe And thus the generatioÌ„ of Mylk Sperme is made of bloud
exercise and such also as be of nature able to cutte and attenuate grosse and clammie Humours to dispell wyndinesse and suffer little or no Phlegmaticke excrementall Humour at all to rest within the body for by these not onely the bodye but the mynde also is caryed away and by affections shrewdlye mysseledde Preseruatiues and helpes for the Memorie with meanes and wayes to remoue and take away all inconueniences harmes and hindraunces thereof The iiij Chapter FOrasmuch as both the distemperature that is Cold Moyst and that also which is Colde and Dry growing into excesse and drawinge into extremitie oppresseth and deadly woundeth the Memory I haue thought good into this worke to inserte and enterlace some such notes as maye serue to the furtheraunce thereof and preseruatiō of it from all such myssehappes harmes and discōmodities as in any wyse threaten thereunto annoyaunce And howe the same is to be done and brought to passe I purpose compendiouslye by the way to declare sythens not to Studentes only but to al sorts of men in general it shal be a thing right expedient and profitable For al the actions and dealinges either publike or priuate which a man taketh in hand and enterpryseth all his affayres cogitations deuyses meditations cares purposes and studyes all labour and industry the is taken for doing and speaking wherin is any exercise at all of the minde cānot be brought aboute and accomplished withoute the helpe of Memorie For in this Treasure the speciallest chiefest parte of reason vnderstāding and iudgment resteth and out of it as out of a moste rich and plentifull Storehouse is fetched and taken a cōplete furniture of most hiddē and farre fetched matters Which power and vertue of Memory if it further helpe vs not as a faythfull maintener and keeper of the things which wee deuise ymagine and learne all be it neuer so precious excellent goeth to wrack and is raked vp in obliuion The proper and peculiar place assigned allotted for Memorie is the Braine the mansion dwelling house of wit and all the Senses which being affected or by anye distēperature discrased all the functions and offices of nature are semblably passioned insomuch that wit reason vnderstāding and iudgement being once empayred aud diminished there steppeth in place Sottage forgetfulnes amazednesse dotage folishnes lacke of right wits doltishnes idiocie Which affects imperfections may happen to mē many wayes as by some blow or wound in the head by some rupture or cracking of the Skull by some fall or cōtuston by pestilent diseases maladies which of the contagion of Ayre on eche syde enclosinge vs inspyreth infection into our bodyes and besyde externall accidentes which sometime cannot well be auoyded there bee some harmes which through our owne wilfulnes and disorder wee heape vppon our selues incurring thereby much inconuenience and these be Surphettes Drunkennes Gluttonie vnseasonable watchinge meates colde and Phelgmaticke immoderate vse of Venery and carnall company wyth Womē thereby the quicknes of witte is blunted and waxeth dull Reason Vnderstanding and Iudgement dymmed and the strength of nature in many so weakened and enfeebled that in three dayes space or more after vneth is it able to recouer the vigour lusty plight wherin it was before And not this discommodity alone but certaine other sicklie and foule affections insurge therevpon no lesse pernicious to the mind then daungerous to the body vtterlye ouerthrowinge oppressing and ruinating the power Memoratyue For euen as toomuch drynes of the brayne gotten through excessiue surphet lacke of expediente foode and Venerie is very hurtful to Memory because that quality is nothing apte to take anye impressions or fourmes of thinges for drynes hardnes taketh no printes nor Images so also toomuch moysture proceding of ydlenes slouth immoderat sleepe moyst meats quight destroy drowne Memory Moysture in deede is more capable wil soner take the print formes of things but by reasō of softnes the same taryeth not but passeth away agayne euen as stāpes or Seales being affixed and imprinted into substance or matter that is toomoyst liquide and fluible maketh therin no stampe forme or print but such as presētly fleeteth and immediatly vanisheth awaye agayne Forasmuch therefore as the vertue and power Memoratiue consisteth in a sure faythful and stedfast keeping and conseruation of Images it foloweth that the same in Childrē and in as many others as haue moyst Braynes is weak nothing retentiue Old folkes also haue the same imbecillity and forgetfulnes and the reason is because their braynes be so cold and dry that nothinge is able to enter or fyrmelye to bee imprynted therein and for these causes both sortes of them be obliuious and nothinge Memoratyue For of this as also of all the inward senses the power and facultie is according to the temperature of the Brayne For oute of the grosse substance of that part or whē the Spyrits and Humours therein be grosse thicke and wyth manye vapours pestered proceedeth Obliuion slownes to vnderstande hardnes to conceyue Againe of a moyst Brayne that is too liquide commeth forth a dul or blunt sense and a Memory nothing retentyue but sonne forgetting And a dry Constitutiō of the Brayne maketh a very weake and ill memory by reason that it wil not easely admit anye impression euen like vnto a piece of Leade Yron or Steele which will not easelye suffer the poynte of anye engrauinge Toole to enter and pearce into it A good stedfast and fryme Memory therefore is to be referred vnto the disposition and temperature of the Brayne this power of the minde is ascribed to the benefite of Nature but yet so that it may be holpē and maynteyned in his perfect state by Arte and if perhaps it decay or take harme yet through care industry it may againe be restored And therfore special care must be employed and great diligence taken that the bodye may in perfect health and sound constitution be preserued that moderatiō both in life and diet be vsed always within the compasse of temperaūce and frugality that y meate be exactly concocted that the mynde be in peaceable tranquillitye and free from troublesome affections that no myssehappe betyde to disturbe and dimme the same for lustynesse of body mynde holesomnes of Ayre temperature of the Brayne perfect Constitution of all the Sēses the Spyrits both Animal Vital which proceede of y Humours being cleare and syncere bee greate helpers most auayleable preseruatyues for the maintenaunce of Memory For by these it happeneth that all the faculties of the Soule among which Memory is chiefe be fresh and perfect that nothing of al that which we eyther by view of eye cogitation witte learning or meditation conceyue slippeth oute of our remembraunce Yea many thinges that were thought to be cleane forgottē and cancelled with obliuion be reuiued as fresh in Memory seeme to the eye
it is right excellent coÌ„fortable now then to smell to such things as yelde a sweete odoriferous sauour namely such as be of nature pearsing calefactiue as LignuÌ„ Aloes Clofegelofres Rosemary flowers Basil Nigella Ambregryce Syuet redde Roses Hony suckle flowers FreÌ„ch spyknard and many other y yelde forth a stronge smel but the seme right pleasaunt comfortable delightfull All these refresh the Spirits wyth their soote sauours wonderfullye comforte the Brayne If a man or woman seeme to outward iudgment in a maner past recouery and be broughte to extreeme obliuion as they be that haue y disease called Lethargus or the drowsye euill it shal be right good for them to annoynt the outsyde of their Nucha and nape of their necks wyth the Oyle of Castor Nigella Euphorbe Costus Rocket and inwardly to take a litle of the confection of Anacardus or els therewyth to rubbe the tongue For is dissolueth Phlegme that is extremelye colde moyst and viscous Insomuch that it restoreth speach to them that be striken wyth the Apoplexie and recureth the staggeringe and stayinge of the tongue bringinge it againe to his righte vse Which thinge maye also be done and broughte to passe wyth Oximel Scillit and Aqua vite wherein a fewe graynes of Rocket haue beene stieped Vnto these helpes in daungerous and desperate discrasies when nothing else will helpe we flee for refuge and succour but in distemperauÌ„ces and grieues that be myelder and not of such extremity others now rehearsed may serue as Syrupe de Stichade Dia Anthos dulcis Aurâ—a Alexandrina Dia castorium Pliris cum Musco Triacle and Mythridatum By experience and daily proofe it is founde true that Agalochus commonly called Lignum Aloes being eyther vsed in perfume or smelled vnto with the Nose hath a marueylous vertue to corroborate the Brayne refresh the Senses insomuch that beinge stamped puluerized and myngled wyth some Cloues and the boane of a Rauens harte and then all mixed with Oyle of Nigella hath such souereigne vertue in strengthening comfortinge y Braine that if the head of a Cocke be therewith annoynted he wil crowe continually without any ceassing ¶ Of the state and disposition of a hoate and dry body with a Discourse of the nature condition maners and inclination of a Cholericke person The v. Chapter FOrsomuch as among the outward things of Nature there is nothing of any longe continuaunce and stability neither that long keepeth it selfe at any certayne state and vigour but all subiect to decay alteration and case worse and worse truly the state of mankinde doth specially and more then anye other suffer sundry alterations and is subiecte to great chaunge and mutability Thus is a Hoate and Moyst Complexion in processe and tract of time brought into a state Hoat and Drye For Heate by litle and litle both slyly and closely wast and consume naturall Humour and bringeth all the body into drynesse which quality for prolongation and lengtheninge of lyfe is the greatest ennemy that can bee For as the flame in a Torche or Taper feedeth vpon the combustible matter thereof and is therewith nourished which being all wasted and consumed the same flame also quencheth and no longer burneth so likewyse natiue heate by little and little weareth away and diminisheth the iuyce moysture wherewith it is nourished and finally bringeth the cause of destruction both to it self and to the whole body beside Nowe that constitution of body which consisteth of a hoate and dry qualitye and thereof hath his name hauinge warme Humour throughe these qualities encreased maketh and constituteth a Cholericke man by reason of the greate stoare of Choler which is in him of which Humour there be two sortes and differences the one natural the other besyde nature Natural Choler is the excrement of bloud concoct bitter in sauour and in colour and effect fyerie When the heate of the Lyuer is moderate then is it yealow and shyninge but when this viscositye is ouermuch enkindled then doth Choler also boyle with heate and is of colour darcke Yelowish like vnto Pruse Bier called in Dutche Iopen Bier or like vnto Oyle or melted Butter when it is burned and with much frying becommeth blackishe of colour whereby it commeth to passe that the colour before Yelowe chaungeth and is turned into a sadde blacke which sometime apparauntly vttereth and sheweth it selfe in the vtter parte of the skinne whensoeuer this Cholerique Humour diffuseth and disperseth it selfe into the same skinne Choler hath in the body two offices for parte of it being mixed wyth the bloud passeth into the Veynes to make the same more conuenientlye to penetrate into euery one of the narow passages to bee conueighed to such members as requyre haue neede of the nourishment of Choler The other part is sente to the bladder of the Gall annexed and tyed to the nether ende of the Lyuer wherein the wonderfull prouidence of Gods Almighty handyworke wel appeareth in y he hath appointed the same Entraile whereunto he hath geeuen an admyrable vertue to attract and helpe digestion to be also a receyuer and Receptorye of superfluous and vnprofitable Humour to th entent no harme or inconuenience should thereby in any wise happen to the other members For Choler is of that nature y yeldeth out a fiery force whose motion as it were a fier brande stirreth vp and inceÌ„seth our minds to hasty moodes and furious rages And for this cause Angre is defined to be a heate and certaine boylinge of the Bloud aboute the Heart wherewith the Braine also beinge excyted by Choler is set in a heate and testines desyrous of reueng whensoeuer any iniury is offered And to the lower parts prouoke and irrite the Guttes and Bowelles to auoyde superfluous excrementes For which purpose Natures prouidence hath deuised and framed sundry passages needeful for y purginge conueighaunce and euacuation of all such superfluous Humours to witte the Kidneyes and the Vryne Pypes the empty or fasting Gutte called Intestinum Ieiunum which through the sowrenes of Choler flowinge into it continuallye dryueth out the Excrements the Bladder Eares and Pores appointed for the auoydaunce and expulsion of sweate And in the most parte of these if obstructions shoulde happen all the whole fylthy masse of noysome Humour is thereby kept within the body and then geeueth violente assaulte to some of the principall partes So when the bagge or Bladder of the Gall or Receptacle of Choler is not able to exonerate it selfe of that baggage drosse and superfluity which it drewe from the Lyuer it emptyeth and casteth it eyther into the Uentricle or els into the holownesse of the Lyuer And thus it commeth to passe that Choler being diffused and spred ouer all the body imperteth both his qualitye and colour to the Bloud Hereof commeth the Iaundice named Morbus Regius for y it requyreth a moste exquisite dict and Princelike fare which
maketh all the body Yelowe as a Kytes foote and coloured like Saffron or as Syluer that is stroaked ouer with Gold. And if the small and slender Gutts be therewith teinted it putteth a man to intollerable torment payne This passion is called Iliaca Passio the wrynginge of the Gutts and also Conuoluulum for that the Guttes do seeme to puckar and cruÌ„ple together like the string of an Harpe or any other Instrument This disease commeth either of an inflammation or of costyuenes when the ordure is drye hard parched and no sufficiente stoare of Cholerique Humour to expel scowre awaye the Excrements So if the vpper part of the Gutt be affected the meate is caste vp if the neither ordure auoydeth at the mouthe by reason that the Tuell or foundment is so closely shut that not so much as a poore fyest can passe or get out thence Manye affects besyde doth Choler engender as Tertian and burning Agues when as it putrefyeth without the Veynes which because they be largely and diligently set out in sundry Bookes of Phisicke by many sundry learned Phisitians published I thincke it best here to surceasse from anye further recitall and declaration thereof But I purpose now briefly by the way to shew the nature and coÌ„ditions of a Hoat and dry CoÌ„plexion then of a Cholericke person finallye by what markes and tokens they are to be perceyued discerned found out and knowen And first to speake of the outwarde signes A body of this Constitution is hoat slender leane musculous of deceÌ„t bignesse and meane stature and although some be of growth and talnes but smal litle yet are they liuely daper quicke â—ymble and as litle Bees euer stirrynge and whyskinge about And VVithin that litle Corps of theirs right noble Stomackes haue Of colour they be brownish aburne or somewhat ruddie specially wheÌ„ their angry moode is vp or their bodyes chaufed and set in heate wyth exercyse some be pale or yelowish Their skinne rough their arteries and Veynes bigge and apparaunt not lying hidden vnder the flesh theyr Vryne redde saffron coloured or bright yelowe according to the proportion of Choler and heate Their Pulse quicke and swyft as also their gate and maner of going is Their tongue rolling at pleasure ready and flowing in vtteraunce theyr haire blacke and in some curled and naturallye fryzeled when as the heate and drynesse is verye great and vehement Neyther will the same tyll after long time waxe hoarie and gray but yet by reason of drynesse soone waxe bald Their Nose crooked like a Hawkes bill and in manye especially Germaynes Polonians Hungarians and Dutchmen redde beardes and bright yealowye hayre which commeth of glitteringe cleare shynynge Choler that is not adusted wyth feruente heate In the Lowe Countryes those that be redde hayred are of the vulgar sorte noted as men subiecte to some naughtye disposition and lewd conditions secretely harboroughing within their minds For as Themistocles his Tutour gaue iudgmente of no meane thinge like to proue come to passe in his sayd Scholer but that hee woulde be eyther a singuler staye and ornamente to hys Countrye or els some notable plague and detrimente to the same so also the Belgiana by a common and vsuall by worde among them saye that at the hands of such persons eyther thinges most excellent or els most villanous are to bee expected and hoped for Furthermore in their daylye speache they vse this as a common Prouerbe amonge them Rooden baert selden goedt oft van goeden aerdt Which is as much to say y Redde bearded men are seldome of anye good disposition for that in the whole course of theyr lyfe maners conuersation dealinges byinge selling bartering they seeke to vndermyne and ouereach others with slye shifts and craftye bargaynes euideÌ„tly arguyng what cuÌ„ning dealing lurketh within them to entrappe and deceiue other meÌ„ Which disposition and inclination as I can not deny but is found true in verye many of that Constitution for wante of vertuous bringinge vp and laudable institution So againe do I know many hauing such coloured Beards whose commendable qualities and rare vertues haue aduaunced them to Honourable roumes and dignityes For euen in Princes Courts in AsseÌ„blies of Nobles Peeres Magistrats amonge honest substantial Trafiquers and namely of those that dwell Northernely wee see very manye of tryed Vertue singuler wisedome right worthely wyth integritye vprightnes admynistringe their Publique charges and functions wherein they be placed Now whereas some haskerdly Peizaunts rascall persons hauinge such coloured beards be pratlers and praters in keeping counsell as close as a Syeue settinge all vppon sixe and seuen without any regard or consideration of anye thinge Dingthryftes and Spendalles the same do I impute to lewde education which draweth the procliuity of their Nature to vntoward and pieuish maners For hereof it coÌ„meth that such persons be found to be vnconstant crafty deceitfull suttle wylie cogginge turning the cat in the panne full of leigier de mayne so fickle of word and deede that a man may not wel safely deale wyth them nor truste them as persons in whom there is no more holde then is of a wet Eele by y â— â—ayle and in anye bargayne or dealing be it neuer so intricate and cumbersome can fynde meanes to slyp the coller and wyende themselues oute of daunger Wherevnto if other imperfections defectes of the bodye be added they argue yet a worse Nature more geeuen to mischiefe whervppon the Poet Martiall very aptly sayth Blacke hayrde short footed purblynde eke and Beard all ouer redde Take such a one in doing good and strike me of his heede Which disposition is rooted in them partlye throughe the influence of the Planetes viz. of the Sunne and Mercury partly which I rather take to be the chiefe and speciall cause throughe thynnes of Cholerique Humour and of vncleane Spyrits which being enduedwith a subtile heat pricketh a styrreth them forwarde to put in practyse such kinde of pranckes and Pageauntes Furthermore amoÌ„g these kinde of persons there be some diuersly disposed and of sundry conditions wranglers busye medlers in other mens matters yallers hoat as a toast Choplogicks pratlers wyth tongue at wil and are as Iuuenall fotlie sayth Of dapper vvit and desperate bolde fyne phrasde vvith galant grace More eloquent then Isaeus for euery time and cace Eche person can they aptly play at ech Art can they ame At Grammer Rhetricke Geometry Paynting and for the game At soothsaying and cunningly vppon a Roape to daunce At Phisicke Magicke rype are they and free of euery Haunce Such commonlye are Dizardes Gesturers Stage players Iugglers Tumblers and Rogish pedlers ydly raunging about the Country Iangling pratlers Fortuile tellers mynstreis such other lyke busye bragginge Counterfeictes looking bigge vpon the matter and in theyr maner of gate hands couÌ„tenaunce eyes and speach ful of gestures
Bedde and with the other counterfect dead men fedde very well and largelye and after Supper was hee broughtt into a Sleepe by a drincke of purpose made for that intent For they that bee distraught of their right witts must be handled artyficially and by no way so soone recured and broughte into order as by Sleepe So by Sybilla as Virgill wryteth was tamed That Hellish Curre enradge vvith hungry crop That Cerberus vvith throates vvyde open three VVas luld brought a sleepe vvith charmed sop VVhich vp he slapt vvith fangs full meerely As gub that hurled vvas to him for fee VVith druggs and hony made full svvete to bee It resteth now to shew by what meanes order Melancholike affections many be expugned or at least mitigated Fyrst we must search out howe and whereupon this disease toke his beginning and in what part if consisteth For seyng there be iii. differences of Melancholie one principally affecting the Brayne and other the whole bodye the thirde Hypocondriacall or flatuous which comming of crudity and ill Humours distempereth the Brayne by consente these do requyre to be by sundry and seueral wayes recured If the whole bodye therefore be opplete and filled wyth Melancholie iuyce it shal be best to beginne the cure wyth letting the party Bloud in the reste this remedie is thoughte vnprofitable and to no purpose except ouermuch abundaūce of Bloud seeme to requyre the same Thus also for the Stitch swelling of the Splene or for a Quartaine Ague it is right excellēt and good to be let bloud in the Veyne called Splenetica in the inside of the left Arme. Furthermore forasmuch as these kinds of mē be for the most parte costyue it shal be very profitable and requisite gently to make them soluble laxatyue with Aloe Epithyme smal fearne For when the Entrailes be slipperye and that the excrements may conueniently scowre awaye and be auoyded lesse vapours and fumosyties do ascend and stryke vp warde wherefore Hippocrates is of opynion that it is righte holesome for persons Splenetique and Melancholicke to be laxatiue Finallye that the Hemerrhoydes swellinge of the Ueynes with Melācholyke bloud swellinge of the tuell and the Pyles to breede and swell in the Fundemente and neyther partes is for theym that be frantique and out of the righte course of their wits very good And although euill Spyrites dommixe thēselues with humours making y same a great deale fiercer and vehementer yet the chiefeste cause and founteine of all this mischiefe and inconuenience is to bee imputed to the outrage and domination of Humours For when noysom Humours be purged grosse fumosities dispersed the furie is well calmed and the mind broughte agayne into his former state and perfection Therefore it shal be moste for their ease profite to procure euacuatiō to the whole body namely by the part whereby nature most alloweth to be purged and that leysurably and by conueniente order of times for it is not good to stirre such coales as these wyth any stronge medicines and purgations then must they haue prescrybed vnto them a right good and precise diet and eschue all such things as engēder thick bloud as Beefe and Bulles flesh Bacon and such as hath beene long bryned or hanged in the smoke and hardned wherūto are to be added Brawn Beares flesh and Venyson ofred Deere whiche cōmonly is brought in for a seruice at Noble mens tables Hares flesh which cōmonly is vsed for a festiuall dish to furnish out the Table when frends meete to make meerye Insomuch that I cannot but meruayle at the vsuall fashion of Dutchmen and Netherlanders amonge whom this fleshe is as highly estemed desyred as anye neyther thincke they any banquet sumptuous festiuall ynough vnlesse one dish therof be Hare whereas no flesh in y world is neerer of nature vnto Melacholie then it For it is cold dry vnlesse the seely beast bee firste well coursed and hunted for that is the way to make it somewhat more hoat toothsome and holesome Euery part of this beast is of a drying force vertue is endued with an astringent facultye both the hayres the skinne the bloud the Mawe and the flesh For the Mawe of a Hare myngled wyth red Wyne and dronck stoppeth the bloudy Flixe y commeth of the excoriation and gnawīg of the bowelles it also stayeth womens termes the haires being burnt or chopped smal are a present and right souereigne thing to stay any great fluxe of bloude in a wounde The Brayne wasteth the superfluous moysture and dryuelinge of the mouth and maketh the teeth to grow y Huckle boane the commissures ligaments thereof are good to breake the stone The flesh also of an Hare if it be much eaten and vsed cureth the rewine that falleth out of the head and helpeth y Epilepsie or falling Sicknes which is a disease engendered of grosse and clammie Phlegme so that ech one of these doth sufficientlye proue this Beast to be drye Melancholike as the whole condition and nature thereof plainly sheweth namely the fleshe which in colour enclyneth to a blacknesse Now whereas some both of old later time haue beene and yet be perswaded that the eating of Hares flesh maketh men pleasaunt and merily disposed and not that onely but also in bodelye shape and coūtenance to be faire galant beautiful I do not thinke neither am I of opyniō the any such thing can happen through eating the flesh of such a fearefull and timorous seely Creature but the rather hereuppon it had his beginning because whē meery Compaignions are disposed to make good cheere they commonly vse to inuite call into their compaignies some beautifull Damosells and pleasaunt Peates to passe away the time more merily whereas they that be of small accoumpt and harde fauoured to the eye are neuer requested vnto any such pleasurable assembly but be suffred to sit still at home being reputed in cōparison but as grosse Stuffe of the second sort and such as neuer according to the prouerbe tasted or eate of an Hare Which thinge the Poet Martial in a certayne pleasaunt Epigrāme doth intimate vnto his Ladye and Mistresse in words to this effect O Gellia Lady myne thou sayest vvhen Hare thou sendste to mee Dayes seuen Marke thou shalt be fayre and beautifull of glee If these thy vvords svveete heart be true and roue not out of square Then surely Gellia thou thy selfe not yet hast eaten Hare Which opynion of auncient long time agone in many mens heads settled I suppose hereuppon toke his first beginning for hither to of none hath it beene expounded that he which had been at any solemne festiual banquet such I means wherein Hare is one seruice appeareth for the next seuen dayes curteous pleasaunt iocund and ful of mery conceipts For when a man hath bene in pleasaunt company and at good cheere where all thinges
haue but meerilye discoursed the tyms ioyously passed there appeare for the space of certayne dayes after in hys face and countenaunce forehead browes lippes eyes and beckes for all these are be wrayers and tellers of the minde inwardly great tokens of myrth and alacrytie and many arguments do outwardly testify the chereful dispositien of the internal Spyrits For the body being heated wyth laughing and ioyinge with kissing and dalying wyth dauncinge Wyne and singing is made fresher and better coloured for that the Bloud is diffused into the vtter part and habite of the body These are therfore the causes why the eating of an Hare dryueth away and dispelleth the Cloudy cares of the mynd maketh the countenaunce cleare and delectable the face ruddie fayre and wall complexioned For as they that be angrye or perplexed wyth feare are commonly seene to be of a troubled and disquiet mynde and by manye outward signes to bewray the affections of their afflicted consciēce euen so they that haue the world at wyl and their hartes farre from all carefull affections troublesome perturbations shewe forth sure and certayn tokens therof in the body outwardly yea the verye countenaunce colour face forhead eyes mouth and generallye all the other fashions gestures thereof do pretend and witnesse a certain securitye of mynde that is at peace and quietnes wythin it selfe Now as touching Diet Let them that bee of this cold and dry Constitution and they that bee Melācholike accustome themselues to such meates as be of good and laudable iuyce to drincke that wyne which is of the best sort and purest let them lye in very soft beds and sleepe wel longe let them eschue forbeare all things that be salte and sower aboue all things let them take heede of crudity let thē vse moderate exercise styrring of thēselues For as maryshes standing waters become dampish and stynking so likewise the body lacking exercise gathereth fulsoments pestilent sauours If violent motion exercise be vnto them painful and laborious they may recreat and exercise themselues wyth pleasaunt singing Musical instruments and delectable and walkinges Let them banish away all affectiōs of the mind heauinesse sorrow thought hatred anger indignation enuye c. Neither let them suffer any such to lodge wythin their hearts let them also auoyd solitarynesse long abstinence lassitude and let them vse at possible meanes to restore theyr right powers first wyth meats and nourishments that be liquide for they do quicklyest nourish and encomber not the Stomacke greatly in concoction but when their powers bee encreased let them acquainte themselues and vse meates that be solide and substantiall Let theyr bread be of the fynest wheate and let them eate thereof but measurablye and sparinglye for it is hardlye concocted and taryeth longe in the stomacke and therefore to Labourers Caryers Maryners Carters and such like it bryngeth strength engendreth flesh durable fast Now they that in time of perfect and sound health do vse to eate litle bread haue strong breaths and stinking mouthes This proporciō therfore is requisite there in to be vsed to eate twyse asmuch in bread as in victuall or other cates As concerning the order that they are to keepe for Dinner and supper vnlesse custome be to the contrary or that they be troubled wyth distillations of the heade let their Supper be larger and more in quantitye then dinner foreseene that immoderate faciety surphet be alwayes eschued To be short to knit vp this matter wyth an holesome aduyse and counsell let all such things as be prejudicial to health and hasten oldage before his tyme be put away and banished Chiefly and especiallye maynteining and keeping wything our selues tranquillity and constancy of mynde which gift we are most humbly and earnestly to craue at his handes which most bountefully bestoweth and powreth out his blessed giftes lyberalitye vppon vs who is God our heauenlye Father and his deare eternall Sonne Christ our onely Sauiour For besyde y ōutward gifts and things transitorye which at his bountifull handes for oure vse cōmodity we moste abundātly tast and enioy he also directeth our mindes wyth his holye Spyrite and moueth our cogitations wills euery minute to ensue that is good and godly He vrgeth and pricketh vs forwarde continually so that wee feele the motions of his mighty power working in our harts by strēgthning and confyrming our Fayth that we thereby constantly leaning to the promyses of God maye rest in a sure trust and vndoubted hope to be afterwards made partakers of his Heauenly ioy in euerlasting felicity Amen Thomas Newtonus Cestreshyrius FINIS THE TABLE ADolescencie 29. Aduertisemente to Studentes 52 Affections natural 35 Affections hovv and vvhereof they come 9. proceding of surphet dronkēnesse 10. 59. Affections of the mynde alter the colour cōplexion of the face and bodye 90. Affections cōmon to al men 59. harmes thereof ibid. Ague called Ephemera 102. Ague called Epiala 107. Agues tertian 132 Agues burning ibid. Agreement betvvene the harte the brain 141 Anacardus good for the memorie 126 Angels good and euill 22. 24 Angels entermingle and shuffle in themselues among our humours 153 Anger 58. 128. 141 Apoplexie 126 Aristomenes his suttle shifting 43 Arteries 89 Astonishment 94 B BAldnesse hovv it commeth 69 Banquetting fit for persons melancolique 5 moderately vsed commendable 76 Bathes Artificiall 74 Bathes naturall ibid. Beard hovv to make it grovv 42 Beard redde not alvvayes a token of ill nature 130. Best thinges and excellent muste not vpon dispayre be geeuen ouer 34 Bloud hath all the other humours mixed in it 86 87. 89. Bloud forbidden by Moyses lavv to be eaten vvhy 89. Bloud of greate force in framing the disposition maners 96. 99 Bloud boyleth in young persons like spurginge of nevv vvyne in the tunne 98 Bloud prouoketh to vvilfulnes 101 Bloudletting not rashly to be enterprised 55. 89 Bloud and spirite the treasure of lyfe ibid et 86 Bloud of fishes colde 61 Blynde byardes 102 Body ful of sicknesse maketh lyfe vnpleasaūt 3 Body consisteth of three thinges 7 Body cold and drye hovv it looketh 27 Body and mynde vvhole and sicke together 75 Bolde rashnes 44 Brabanders 17 Braggers 101 Brayne drye causeth il memory 69. 120 Brayne moyste nothinge retentiue nor memoratiue 120 Brayne temperate the mayntenaunce of memorye ibid Braynes best to be eaten for the helping of memorye 125 Braynes distempered by vvhat signes vve may knovve them 143 Bread. 156 Brothes and liquid meates soonest nourish and are quickliest digested ibidē C Cayne a paterne of desperation 140 Caloes 99 Canis panem somnians a prouerbe 114 Catchpoles 58 Carnall act hurtfull to drye and cold complexions 74. hurtful in Sommer 81. vveakeneth the body 120. 133. dulleth the vvit and memory ibid. harmes therof 105. commodities therof ibid. moderation ibid. very hurtfull to olde men and
Reg. 16. Philip king of Spaine A straunge example of a yongman sodainly become graye headed One sodainly gray headed Why some men euen sodainly are chaunged in Complex iâ—n and colour Imagination Luke 22. Feare of death more terrible theÌ„ death it self Who dye in maner with out paine The cause of fearefulnes when a man is in dauÌ„ger Lib. 3. Aeneid A wyseman sometime is put in â–ª feare AstonnishmeÌ„t of mind taketh away the feeling of pain Leuit. 19. Deut. 13. Dreames sometime sent from God. Cap. 2. Cap. 7. To what vse and purpose sleepe serueth The vertue and force of bloud as touching the framinge of the inwarde dispositioÌ„ maners of the mynde PersoÌ„s mere Sanguine for the most part starcke fooles CommeÌ„t 1. de nat human Man a Wolfe Mic. ca. 7. Man a Lyon Cap. 19. MaÌ„ an Ape Man a Foxe Children â–ª quick stirâ—â—nge and playing and the cause why Boylinge of bloud in youth like to spurging of newe wyne in the Tunne Playig with the heade what it signifyeth Sapien. 4. In Art. Poet. Lewd and ill disposed CouÌ„sellours do youth mutch harm Pers Sa. 5 Good counsell and vertuous education bringeth youth to goodnes Bloud vseth the helpe of other humours in framing the manners Difference betweene Sangâ—ine Cholerick Cholericke persoÌ„s great flouters SaÌ„guine curteous and myld natured Inciination of nature Best proportion measure of blod to other humours Horat. in Art Poet. Humours of more force then the plâ—nets Hor. lib. 1 epist. 2. Bloude eggeth a man to riot and wilfuines Ephemera or Diaria The English Sweate a kinde of the Ague Ephemera When the Sweatinge sicknes first began in Belgie Blinde Byards In what sort â—o sweat and how longe Englishmen subiect aboue other Countreyes to the swearinge sickenesse Iuuen. Sat. 5. Hoat and moyst ComplexioÌ„s subiect to putre faction Receiptes Laxatiue soluble Howe exercise is to be vsed The head taketh hurt by the disorder of the in feriour meÌ„bers Oppilation of the liuer from wheÌ„ce it coÌ„meth Tuend Val. 6. Wormwod holsome for the liuer Things puttinge away oppilation Harmes of Venetie carnall copulation Commodity of Venery Seede beiÌ„g corrupt is cause of much incoÌ„â—enience ModeratioÌ„ of Carnall dealinges Prou. 8. Whores in lecherous lust neuer satisfyed nor in rewards Art. Modic 86. Sperme or Seede Matth. 19 1. Cor. 7. Sapient 8 Continency and Chastity a speciall gift of God. Matth. 17 Phlegm the matter of Bloud The myxture of the Humours compared to wyne Mylke of Bloud The cause why Pytha goras Scholers woulde eate no Mylke Mylke in the breastes of yonge Children Kernellie fleshe as in the dugges Euery parte of the body hath his seueral vertue The vse and effect of Phlegme The place where Phlegme is Diseases ê“ocedinge of Phlegme Hora. lib. 1. epist. 1. The heâ—d Stomacke the engendrers coÌ„ceptacles of Phlegme The harmes of a bodye and of a Realm first beginne at the head Prou. 19. 17. A brawling wife is lyke the top of a house wher throughe it is euer dropping Diseases ê“ceedinge of Rewmes Catarthes DroÌ„ken meÌ„ stammer double in their speach Stammereâ—â— cannot speake softly Nature of persoÌ„s Phlegmatike What Beastes fowles fishes be holesomest to eate A dead Eâ—le floateth not aboue water why Notes of a cold and moyst body Whereof hoarie hayres come Hoaryneâ—â—e in meates Dreames shewe and bewray the disposition state CoÌ„plexion of the bodye Naturall Dreams interpretable Diuine Dreames Dreames of the Phlegmatick Leuit. 19. Deut. 13. Wee maye not rashlye credite all Dreames Pollution effluxion of Seede howe it hapneth Canis paneÌ„ somnians Cap. 29. A place of Esay expoâ—ded Tokens of a colde and moyst complexion Reason yelded howe these Prouerbes EmuÌ„cte naris Obesae naris first began Prayse of a Phlegmatike person Phlegmatik persoÌ„s must vse exercyse Lib. 1. Tuend Val. lib. 5. The Phlegmatik must vse light suppers Foure kinds and effectes of Phlegme Gal. de Plenit Sweete Phlegme Sower Phlegme Doggishe appetite Epiala Salte Phlegme Harmes of salt Phlegm Glassie or clammie Phlegme What parts of the body be subiect to Phlegme Vse of Clysters Heate dissolueth moysture euen as the SuÌ„ne doth yse All men in daunger to phlegme Crudlty engendreth Phlegme All thinges done by memory Memory resteth in the Braine Things hurtful to the Memory Carnal knowledge of women is a weakening to the body A dry brain hath litle remembrauÌ„ce A moyste braine vnhable to remember Old folk yonge Children haue ill memories but the reason of the one is contrary to the other Temperature of the braine the maintenaÌ„ce of Memory Memory the gifte of Nature and is by Arte holpen and made better The reason why childreÌ„ caÌ„ remeÌ„ber things long afore done The Nucha and nape of the necke must bee kept warm A maÌ„ would bee glad to forget some things Mans corrupt nature more prone to ill theÌ„ to good Themistocles wyshed to learn the art of forget fulnes Olde grudges are to be forgotteÌ„ Healthe the strengthe of the Memorye Crudity and surphet the spoylers of Memory Ad HereÌ„ Lib. 3. tit 7. Memorye greatly helped and preserued by lighte Suppers In som shauinge of the head is a helpinge to Memory in other some a hindraunce Shauinge of the Bearde helpeth Memory ThiÌ„gs good for the Memory Herbes that sharpen the witte Restoratiues and remedies for the Memory being empayred or decayed throgh coldnes moysture To restoare a Memorye seemig past all recouery Onyons ill both for the eyes Memory Lactuce dimmeth the sight Rapes very beneficial restoratiue â–ª for the eyes What sorts of Braynes be beste for Memory Washing of the head Coriander Conserue of Quinces Sweet smels coÌ„fortable to the spirits The confectioÌ„ of Anacardus good for the Memory To restoare speach To restoare the right vse of the toÌ„gue to them that haue the Apoplexie The vertue of Lignum Aloes A Cocke to crow continnally without ceassing All thinges subiect to chaunge A Cholerick man. Choler natural and besyde nature The office of Choler Anger what it is By what partes of the body Choler is purged Iaundice Wringynge of the small Gutts Notes wherby to know a hoate and dry CoÌ„plexion Virg. li. 4 Georg. Yealow hayre Redde beards Nature of Themistos cles Red beardâ— argueth not alwayes an ill disposed person Wylie Foxes Lib. 6. Sat. 3. Horat. in Art. Poet. Iuuen. Sat. 6. Pale or Citrine Choler Tertian Agues Burâ—ing Ageâ—es Lucan lib. 7. Cholericke folkes haue many dread full and terrible Dreames Howe to purge Choler Slepe whole som good for Cholericke folke Yolkie Choler Leekish or greeue Choler Lib. 2. praedict ca. 39 Rustie or Brassie Choler The Wolfe 〈◊〉 disease Virg. AEneid 1. Death Man subiect to many casualties What limitation oure prayers and wyshes ought to haue No man but is subiect to MelaÌ„choly Students muche troubled wyth MelaÌ„choly Two sorts of MelaÌ„choly Whereto MelaÌ„choly is like The taste relyce of MelaÌ„choly De locis affect lib. 3. cap. 5. The vse and Nature of the Mylt In curcul Act. 2. The Mylte hindereth agility and quicknes of body Mylt caÌ„not be taken away The Splene lykened to a Princes Exchequer or Treasury The Mylte causeth a maÌ„ to laugh be mery Wyne cheereth the hartes of them that bee seuere maketh them as merye as a Pye. What time Melancholike persons be out of measure mery Beste for grim and seuere folkes to vse mery company The souereigntye of the heart Cordati Socordes Vecordes Genes 3. Catiline 1. Reg. 20 Genes 4. Cain a patterne of desperation Gal. 3. Agreement betwene the Heart and the Braine The Gall is the fouÌ„teina of Anger Tâ—e Lyuer causeth lust and carnall desire The Mylte beinge in right case cause of myrthe and cherefulnes The Mylte affected maketh the mynde heauy and sad Perturbations of mind Diseases of the Splene Pers Sa. 4. Signes of a desteÌ„pered Brayne Tormentes of an vnquiet mynde Timon a hater of all men Iliad 3. Causes of MelaÌ„choly affections Torment of an vnquiet and guiltye conscience Saty. 〈◊〉 Remoâ—â—â— Consciâ—â— for wiâ—â— deedes Esay 〈◊〉 Despysinge of Gods word auenged and punished Esay 36 Leaning to a broken reede 4. Reg. 18. Ezech. 29. Deut. 28. Leuit. 26. Iere. 〈◊〉 Double câ—â—trition 1. Cor. 10. Notes of a cold drye ComplexioÌ„ PersoÌ„s Phâ—â—gmatick 〈◊〉 coloured Trophonius Denne S. Patrickes Purgatory Three sorts of vnnatural MelaÌ„choly The colâ—â— of Melaâ—â— choly enâ—â—â—med Signes of suche as bee subiecte to MelaÌ„choly StaÌ„meringe of tongue Melancholy hath some heate in it Melancholike persons fickle headed and vnconstant Affectes of Melancholie cold Doltishe or Asselike Melancholie The force of Melancholie much encreased Probl. sect 30. Quest 13. Sundry coÌ„ditions of Drouken folkes Sat. 10. Melancholyke folkes lecherous Drunkards in the act of generation very weake and feeble Lib. 1. Epist. 5. Lib. 2. epist. 2. Certaine historyes of Melancholike persons A notable story and reporte of a certaine Melancholike man. Such as hee sterued vp with famine elye vpoÌ„ the seueÌ„th day Slepe easeth the ydlenes of the brain or rauing Aneid 6. How to expunge and beat downe MelaÌ„choly Three sorts of MelaÌ„cholye WheÌ„ to let Melancholike persons bloud Good for Melancholike persons to bee laxatiue soluble Lib. 6. Aph. 48. Spirits shuffle themselues in amoÌ„g the humors Melancholy folkes must keepe them selues soluble Hare geeueth MelaÌ„cholike nourishment Hare the holesoÌ„â—er 〈◊〉 â—â—gâ—hly hunted Ahore good for manye purposes in Phisicke To eate a Hare a Prouerbe Moderate myrthe and baÌ„quetting stirreth vp a pleasaunt colour and reuiueth the Spirits The outvvard countenaunce of a man bewrayeth the inwarde affections of his mind Diet for Melancholicke persons Liquide meates do quickly non rish Such as bee subiecte to sicknes and quaisie must eate but little bread The cause that briÌ„geth a stronge breath Holesome exhortatioÌ„ Quietnes tranquillity of mynd maketh all in good order and frame Printed at London in Fleetstreete by Thomas Marsh 1576. Cum Priuilegio