Head Add hereunto This is most particularly the Language of Scripture in Sacramental or Testamentary Discourses Discourses concerning the Covenant according to that famous Instance Heb. 9. 19. 20. When Moses had spoken every Precept to the People according to the Law he took the Blood of Calves of Goats with Scarlet-wool and Hysop and sprinkled both the Book and the People saying upon the whole This Thing this whole Thing is the Blood of the Covenant which God hath enjoyn'd you Thus the Bread Blessed Broken Taken Eaten is the Body of Christ and proportionably the Blood This whole Thing the whole Doctrine and Law of the Gospel always 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 consider'd and embrac'd first and then the Bread so Blessed Broken Taken Eaten is the Body of Christ and accordingly this Cup or Wine particularly Blessed Divided Drunk And that not only in a figurative cold sacramental or commemorative Sense for that Divine Power that Eternal Spirit of Christ does infinitely propagate the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ representing his whole Humanity in all the saving Efficacies and mighty Effects proper thereunto as perpetually in the Doctrine and Truth of the Gospel in an intellectual way so in this Supper as in a sensible material Representation but yet only confirming assuring making present a divine spiritual Efficacy as hath been all along declar'd And even as the Bread and Wine have an undoubted evident Appearance to Sense are Eaten Tasted Concocted in the Stomach converted into Flesh Blood and Spirits so are the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ really present in the Bread in the Wine viz. in their spiritual Effects justly called his Body and Blood So that the Bread is in true spiritual Sense the Body of Christ to be eaten spiritually to be tasted spiritually to be turn'd into spiritual Life to the Soul in which Body and Blood go hand in hand with the Elements in all their natural Progress by their Spirituality and so that the want of due spiritual Action in all that profess Christ Jesus whether at or not at the Sacrament however particularly applied to that is an Offence against the very Body and Blood of Jesus Christ and brings a Guilt proportionable to the Offence All which hath the Full of a spiritual Transubstantiation and is the Thing we have pursued Head 4 I am come down now to the fourth Head viz. To enquire into this Thing How there came into the Christian Church such a Notion as that Fleshly Transubstantiation so earnestly contended for And I account it to these four Causes Cause 1 That this Great and Excellent Doctrine of the Gospel especially in that so often magnified Sixth of John and in the Institution of the Lord's Supper give great Warranty to observe a great and divine Mystery in the Gospel of Jesus Christ and in his Supper That there must be some real sense of the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ as preach'd in the Gospel as presented in the Lord's Supper Transubstantiated so as to be Meat and Drink indeed and to give Life to our Souls All this Mystery cannot be exhausted and drawn out in no more than a plain Assent to this that Christ dyed as an Attonement for the World if so much be allowed as Socinianism denies and gave a Body of Holy Precepts and Commands of an excellent Nature and that whoever lives in Obedience to these with Sincerity shall have that their Obedience imputed to them for Righteousness through the Covenant of Grace and justifie Men as perfect and unsinning Obedience should have been and done by the first Covenant with Adam Rationalists and Moralists draw down this Gospel-Mystery too low while they seem to acquit themselves to Reason and general Understanding and to carry all Things plausibly before that They lose the high Spirituality of Christianity which they are too ready to esteem no better than Jargon Cant and Non-sense There is a Gospel middle betwixt gross portentous carnal Transubstantiation and such an emaciating and shrinking up the great and unsearchable Treasures of the Gospel as if they did not much excell a Lecture out of Plato Plutarch Epictetus or some of the great Sages of Morality joyn'd to some Articles of Faith and Forms of Worship The way and manner of the Gospel speaking of these things and especially as our Lord and Saviour spake who spake as never man spake might well raise the Minds of Christians to look for something high and surpassing in the Mysteries of Christian Religion and beyond common Sense or common Reason 2. Many of those we call the Antients or Fathers coming out of the Heathen Learning and Eloquence into the Profession of Christianity Men of great Holiness Innocency and Sanctity of Conversation Contempt of the World Readiness to dye for the Name of Christ and generally Martyrs of curious and delicate Reason of very sublime Notion and Sentiments of a flowing Language softness and sweetness of Speech and accomplish'd with all the Gracefulnesses of Rhetorick taking the Scripture-Expressions and displaying upon them with that Magnificency and Gallantry of Words and all kind of Wit but not pursuing strongly and closely the Reason Strength and whole Analogy of Scripture nor guarding their Discourse by a Nervous Compare of Scripture with Scripture launch'd out into many free and liberal Expressions concerning these Things which not ballanc'd limited defended against possible Mistake at some Times and in some Veins of their Writings in this Matter might give occasion to the more grievous and dreadful Mistakes to such a course of Times as we may easily observe succeeded them And this they did at the higher rate undoubtedly out of a great Zeal for the Honour of Christian Religion for the Jews and Pagans speaking high of their Cabalaes Great Mysteries and Secrets of Religion and their Mystae who had the guard of these Mysteries their Priests and Devotoes The Fathers of the Christian Church knowing the true Excellency of Divine Mysteries and pitching upon this as easily the most remarkable viz. the Doctrine of eating the Flesh and drinking the Blood of Christ and this Doctrine in an especial manner consigned into the Mystery of the Lord's Supper to which is adjoyn'd that severe Discourse of the Apostle 1 Cor. 11. It was very obvious to them here especially to exalt the Glory of Christianity and of the holy Ministers of it as highly surmounting the Poor if true but therefore most poor because false Mysteries of outdated Judaism and much more of Paganism It is most evident at the very same Time in the very same Places of their Writings they in the same kind of flowing Eloquence intermix other Expressions that sufficiently argue How free they were from any Misapprehensions in these Things But their way of Writing being not by way of severe Examination of Scripture Notions and Texts not by the austere Beam of Scripture in its several Portions of Revealed Truth and of the Sacred Context nor having any surmise of the after
is not receiv'd it then does not work Good where that Preparation is not because it is not receiv'd but if it be receiv'd it hath its certain Effect On the other side when it is not receiv'd it does hurt by way of increasing Guilt because a spiritual Offer of so excellent a Nature is refus'd and contemn'd and because the Soul by such pretence of receiving and yet Refusal grows much more confirm'd in Evil. But this is not all for though the Holiness and Spirituality of a Holy Created Finite Spirit may by Instruction Suggestion or Example offer much Good to other Spirits and be instrumental in affecting them aright yet this is in all Regards in so finite and limited a way that the Effect may be very small or none at all and so it is not possible in any more than a very low and abated sense to eat or to drink of the Communications of any Angel or Saint above or below But now whatever is divine is communicative even to what degrees it pleases All Finite is Poor and Scanty and hath not for it self but as received But the Son of God in Humane Nature hath all Fulness dwelling in Col. 1. 19. Him and so can derive and convey to what degrees he thinks fit Of which is to be spoken in the next Particular But this Assures in Christ there is Meat and Drink abounding to the Life of the World The Divine Power of the Son of God and its Efficacy Point 4 extend the Body Flesh and Blood of Christ and his Action therein in their saving Virtue and Effect without limitation to Time or Place and to all dimensions and degrees of Effect And under this Head I will undertake these three Particulars 1. To shew that the Divine Nature of the Son of God acting in the Humane Nature united to Him can draw out such spiritual Powers and Efficacies from those his Actings and Sufferings as shall be most conducing to the Salvation of Souls that believe in Him now this I shall make good by shewing what kind of Causalities and what answerable Effects are by the Word of God ascribed to the Divine Power of Christ Acting in the Humane Nature 2. I will shew that they cannot be prejudg'd nor hindered by any distances of Time because of the Eternity of Jesus Christ the Son of God 3. That they cannot be intercepted by any distances of Place because of the Omnipresence of Jesus Christ the Son of God Now I shall not presume to speak of these Particulars but as I am guided by the Spirit of God in his Word For Who can describe the way of the Divine Spirit in Nature Such Knowledge is too wonderful for me I cannot attain to it if not in Nature how much more not in Grace and supernaturals But yet it is not unworthy to be taken notice of That all Philosophy owns some kind of Effluviums some flowing Atomes Ramenta or little Globules of matter that fly every way or if but some Sympathies in Nature that pass up and down and fly unknown ways and unmeasurable distances without the Load Cumber Presence of those Bodies from which they flow which cannot move nor pass as they do if Spirits of much greater Efficacy are extracted more agile more portable and more easily conveyed than the Bodies themselves from which they are extracted if there are some Relations of unknown Communications of Minds at great distance of Bodies These may be taken notice of as some Illustration of this matter But such things are too slippery and incertain and also too gross to rest so great a Point upon seeing what so infinite an Agent as the Spirit of Holiness can do cannot be grasp'd or comprehended by any material Likenesses its Extractions its Abstractions are more subtile than our gross Apprehensions can find out or receive or natural Agents imitate There are yet in common Observation some Instances that may come nearer this great Point From the vertuous Actions of great Personages in Bodies there is an Honour an Esteem a Dignity an excellent Example flowing out that continues Ages beyond the very Actions and beyond the Persons continuance in Bodies that perform'd them and may be imputed to their Posterity and are as it were Abstracts from Persons in Bodies and yet of a spiritual kind of Diffusiveness as to both Time and Place and much exceed the Places whereupon they were acted that have a kind of Universality both as to Time and Place are nearer the matter we are upon and yet they are but dark and dull shades of so great a Truth Let us therefore come to the Holy Word of God it self and we shall find four kinds of Causality attributed to God manifested in Flesh and to all his Divine Action and suffering therein 1. The Causality of an expiatory propitiatory or meritorious Cause 2. Of an exemplar Cause 3. Of an efficient Cause by way of Union to himself 4. Of a rational argumentative Cause so effecting a Conformity of the Souls of his People to himself There is nothing more evident than that the Gospel ascribes Causality 1 to the Body Flesh and Blood of Christ the Efficacy of an eternal propitiatory expiatory Cause By one Offering Heb. 10. 14. of the Body of Christ and that once for all He hath for ever perfected that is reconcil'd and consecrated them who are sanctified because it was offered by the Eternal Spirit Heb. 9. 24. His Body is an Offering a Sacrifice of an eternal sweet-smelling Ephes 5. 2. savour because he offer'd himself now himself is God in our Nature so the Offering is in the hand of Divinity Thus his Blood offered by the Eternal Spirit purges the Conscience from dead Works to serve the living God The Blood of Christ more precious than Silver or Gold redeems from a vain Conversation All these are plain and high Effects of a spiritual Nature and they are deriv'd from the humane Nature of Christ call'd his Flesh his Body his Blood acted by an intellectual holy humane Soul which delighted to do the Will of God and the Law of God was within his heart And Psal 40. 8. all this by being in the hand of the Divinity of Jesus Christ is infinitely communicative both as to Time and Place The Righteousness of Angels or of Men though they had continued Holy as the standing Angels could not have done this but what Christ the Lamb did he did by the Eternal Spirit which is infinite Now these expiatory Extracts Abstracts drawn from the Body of Jesus Christ are so DIVINIZ'D if I may so speak by the Eternal Spirit That they are every where Christ's Body in this sense may be every where even as his Divinity is with Pardon of Sin Reconciliation to God Peace with him sprinkling the Heart from an evil Conscience and all other great Effects For where is it that the Gospel is and true Christians are where this Propitiation for the Sins of the whole World
from p. 38. to p. 44. General Head the fourth is taken up in an Enquiry How there came such a Notion into the Christian Church as that fleshly Transubstantiation so earnestly contended for and finds it arising from four Causes 1. From the great mystery of spiritual Transubstantiation given in that our so magnified Sixth of John and in the Institution of the Lord's Supper p. 44. 2. From the Ancients and Fathers discoursing with high Eloquence of this Point not sufficiently guarded p. 45. 3. From the Ignorance and Barbarity which after them invaded the Christian Church p. 46. 4. From the rising of a Church-Power at the same time over mens Consciences and pressing this as an Article of Faith p. 47. General Head the fifth shews the danger of such a Doctrine as fleshly Transubstantiation 1. As it shakes the Credit of all our knowing and judging Faculties p. 48 49. 2. As it makes void the Divineness of Scripture-Language expressing spiritual things by sensible and indeed perverts the Wisdom of all Language so doing p. 49. 3. As it amuses Mens Minds and draws them off from spiritual Action in Holy Mysteries p. 49. 4. The great danger especially lies in bringing down God into a contemptible vile Appearance and allowing divine Honour to it which is one sort of Idolatry Scripture most abhors p. 50 to 52. General Head the sixth draws all into six practical Applications p. 52. to the end 1. By proposal to our choice the most worthy of these two The spiritual or the carnal Transubstantiation 2. By raising us to high Thoughts of the Redemption of Jesus Christ so uniting it self to us as by eating and drinking his Body and Blood 3. By lifting up our Hearts to Christ eating the Passover and drinking the very same Fruit of the Vine with us by his Intercession in Heaven which he did here on Earth 4. By obliging us to a high value of this Ordinance of the Lord's Supper in which we so unite to Christ. 5. By perswading us to an earnest care against violating so great a Mystery as Christ eaten and drunk in the Gospel and the Lord's Supper 6. By lifting up our Heads in Prayers and Desires to the Table of Christ in his Kingdom A SERMON OF THE True Spiritual Transubstantiation oppos'd to the Gross Carnal Imaginary Transubstantiation MATTH 26. 26. Compar'd with Mark 14. 22. Luke 22. 19. 1 Cor. 11. 23. c. This is my Body I Take all these Scriptures as the common Subject that by the Grace and Assistance of God I intend to discourse at this time and especially to Treat the Sense of these Words This is my Body And This Cup is my Blood of the New Testament And as I have earnestly begg'd of God that he would waken me morning by morning that he would waken my Ear to hear as the learned concerning it so that He would give me the Tongue of the Learned to speak of it and grant you also to hear with the Ear of the Learned that so in this whole Duty the Preparations of the Heart the Answer of the Tongue and the Hearing of the Ear may be from the Lord. Now I shall endeavour so to treat of it as if there were no other Point of Controversie between us Protestants and the Roman Persuasion but only the Sense of these Words This is my Body And I shall consider that Transubstantiation as it is generally called that is built upon it as if there were no other Fault nor Errour in that Doctrine but only a Zeal for the Mystery of the Lord's Supper and the Letter of Scripture in this Institution though it be not according to Knowledge and therefore I will allow the utmost both to the Words and the Sense that can be allowed the very utmost that can be made of This is my Body This Cup is my Blood of the New Testament And I shall endeavour so to treat of it that there may be nothing that may be offensive except the plain Evidence and Reason of Things the Evidence of Truth without any umbrage any shadow of a Railing Accusation I will discourse only upon the single Account of Scripture and the Reasons drawn from it And therefore I do allow That these Words This is my Body and This Cup is my Blood they do carry a most high and important Sense And I shall consider the utmost Tendency they can have to such a thing as is called Transubstantiation though the Word it self be not indeed found in Scripture yet I will allow the thing in its due sense And I shall endeavour so to do this that you may have the clearest understanding of the Intention and Meaning of the Lord's Supper and the Institution of it and of these Words This is my Body and so as may tend most to the real Sense and Impression upon your Hearts of so great an Expression of our Saviour both in the general Doctrine of the Gospel and in the particular Sense and Meaning of the Lord's Supper and that sacred Solemnity and also may be most practical and may most serve to the good of every man's Soul who desires spiritually to understand this great Doctrine and the particular Ordinance of the Lord's Supper And because it is agreed among all men that profess any Reverence to the Lord's Supper that as it is not a humane Device so not a natural Duty made known by natural Light nor written in natural Conscience it is not like the Reverence of the Divine Being or Prayer to God or the desire to know his Mind or Will or any moral Duty but it depends wholly upon Divine Institution and Ordination 'T is wholly from Scripture or else there could never have been such a Worship of God known in the World as the Solemnity of eating Bread and drinking Wine in the Lord's Supper in Remembrance of him To introduce therefore this matter I consider There are Four inspired Writers who have given us this Institution from our Lord the Evangelist Matthew the Evangelist Mark the Evangelist Luke and the Apostle Paul and then the Evangelist John although it was not committed to him as every Evangelist had throughout the whole Evangelick History his Portion of every Matter and the proper Words of it committed to him to write of this Institution yet he had a sublime and highly spiritual Discourse intrusted with him all along the last part of his sixth Chapter concerning the eating the Flesh of Christ and drinking his Blood which must needs be the Foundation of eating the Flesh of Christ and drinking his Blood in the Sacrament for a Sacrament must have a Doctrine to sustain it that it may not be an insignificant Ceremony and what can have nearer Relation to the Sacrament of eating the Body of Christ broken for us and drinking his Blood of the New Testament shed for many than eating his Flesh and drinking his Blood which he gave for the life of the World which is Meat indeed and Drink indeed