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A01847 A short discourse of the three kindes of peppers in common vse and certaine special medicines made of the same, tending to the preseruation of health. Baley, Walter, 1529-1592. 1588 (1588) STC 1199; ESTC S100520 16,124 46

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A Short Discourse of the three kindes of PEPPERS in common vse and certaine special medicines made of the same tending to the preseruation of health 1588 AS in former yeeres at this season I haue been alwaies careful to shew my special affection towards 〈…〉 by offering som present appertaining to the preseruatiō of your health so at this time 〈…〉 in token of a good and prosperous newe yeere God grant you many I haue emboldened my selfe to exhibite to 〈…〉 in our vulgar toong this short discourse of the three kindes of Peppers and of three medicines cōpounded of the same greatly commended by Galen in his books De sanitate tuenda which being vsed in right order with discretion will vndoubtedly bring three waies commoditie to the continuance of your heath For it is certaine that most men in this our countrey through our maner of feeding do gather in the stomacke and in the first veines many crude and vndigested humours which do often occasion lacke of appetite grosse windines distentions in the sides and many waies greeuous paines and sometimes vnnaturall vomits which crudities carried farther into the body doo breede obstructions tympanies feuers and other dangerous diseases The due consideration hereof may easily inferre how necessary to health in this our region the vse of pepper is and what commodity may accrew by conuenient vse of the three medicines made thereof For first the medicine termed diatrion pipereon by consent of all writers hath facultie to warme the stomacke to dry superfluous moisture to further concoction to discusse winde to ripen crude humours and is cōmended aboue all other medicaments that in performing of these actions it doth no way ouer-heate the liuer nor distemper the bloud The second medicine termed diaspoliticon keepeth the belly loose and doth carry by the stoole crude corrupt and naughtie humours cut grosse and thicke phlegme keepeth cleane the belly and guts The third medicine termed diacalaminthe hauing more subtiltie in substance doth penetrate farther and so doth concoct and expell not onely the crudities of the belly and of the first veines but also doth digest extenuate discusse and by vrine carieth the excrementes of the inner veines clenseth the bloud and keepeth clean the habite of the body by sweate and perspiration through the skin That in very truth Galen had iust cause so greatly to commende these three medicines as most conuenient to preserue health For I do not reade in all our authors of a more conuenient meanes to continue health than the apte and due vse of these three medicines which in propulsing of diseases and in reforming of the state of the body may be resembled to the triumuiri in the common-wealth of Rome Wherefore I remaine to the almightie a daily orator so to prosper the effects of these medicines that the same commodities may come vnto your 〈…〉 which our authors do attribute vnto them that your yeeres may be inlarged to extreame age * ⁎ * Of the Spice called Pepper THAT kind of spice which of the Greeke authors is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Latin writers do name Piper and the apothecaries do terme the same as the Latinists After the Arabike speech in Auicen it is read Fulful in Serapio Fulfel Garcia a physician to the viceroy of India doth write that the Arabians in these daies do call it Fulfil and he addeth that the greatest quantitie of this spice is nowe brought into Europe out of the prouince of Malauar and that the same is in that countrie language named Molonga We in English do call it pepper and much vse of this spice with vs is in making broths and in conditing meates The kinds of Pepper HEer it is to be noted that many herbs of our writers are termed by the name of pepper For the herbe called in Latin Persicaria in English Culrage is of some named water pepper The seede also of the herbe called Chamelea is knowen to the herbarians by the name of hil pepper Likewise the herbe which we call Stonecrop is also named mouse pepper And som do cal diptander herbe pepper and some sauery pepperwort So the latter writers shew many other herbs vnder the name of pepper and vnder pepperwort For they refer to pepper euery kind of herbe which doth bite the toong as pepper doth And beside the three kindes of pepper which are best knowen by that name we do read in the latter writers of some other kinds vnder that name and so we read of pepper out of Aethiopia which is of the learned rather referred to that spice which is called Carpesium than to any kind of pepper But properly and in true speech this word in Latin Piper and in English pepper is to be vnderstood of one of the three peppers in common vse of which one is named white pepper the other blacke pepper the third long pepper Of the which three kinds and not of the other things falsly named peppers that confection so greatly commended in cold affections of the stomack called Diatrion pipereon is made and kept in our Apothecaries shops So that these three kindes of peppers most properly do deserue the name of pepper and are so most conueniently called and the other things are rather by similitude so termed for yeelding some taste like pepper and therfore neuer knowen by the name of pepper without some addition as Piper montanum Piper murinum c. So that when we do read in any author this word Piper or in English pepper without addition we must vnderstand the same of one of these three peppers The nauigations in these latter yeeres made by the Portingales into the east Indians and by the Spaniards into the west Indians hath made manifest to vs how greatly the old authors I meane Dioscorides Galen Plinie Auicenna Serapio and other writers of the former time were deceiued in and about the historie of pepper For first all the ancient writers in their monuments haue deliuered to vs that the three kindes of pepper in common vse are all three the fruit of one tree For say they the pepper tree doth bear a long fruit like vnto that which doth hang in hasell nut trees and birch trees And they affirme that this long fruit is the first rudiment of the pepper which is called long pepper after that this fruit being more ripe is disclosed they take the seeds contained in it to be the white pepper the blacke pepper such graines which are not perfectly ripe they supposed to be white pepper and those which are perfectly ripe to be blacke pepper So they concluded that these three kinds were all the fruit of one tree and differed only in that one was not so ripe as the other But by the nauigations of the Portingals and of the Spaniards into those countries in which these pepper trees do growe it is euident and well knowen that the trees which do yeeld these three spices are diuers in kind For the trauellers into those