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his_o uncle_n cadwallader_n prisoner_n and_o bring_v his_o country_n and_o castle_n to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n also_o cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o caermarthyn_n and_o from_o thence_o conduct_v his_o army_n to_o cydwely_n where_o he_o destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n and_o after_o his_o return_n he_o join_v his_o force_n with_o meredyth_n and_o rees_n his_o brother_n and_o enter_v caerdigan_n win_v that_o part_n call_v isaeron_a not_o long_o after_o there_o fall_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o randol_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n throat_n the_o welsh_a still_o join_v with_o their_o enemy_n to_o cut_v their_o own_o throat_n which_o cause_v randal_n to_o gather_v supply_n and_o auxilary_n from_o all_o his_o friend_n in_o england_n to_o who_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powis_n disdain_v to_o hold_v his_o land_n of_o owen_n join_v all_o his_o power_n and_o they_o both_o together_o enter_v prince_n owen_n land_n who_o like_o a_o worthy_a prince_n not_o suffer_v the_o spoil_n of_o his_o subject_n meet_v they_o at_o counsylht_n and_o bold_o bid_v they_o battle_n which_o they_o refuse_v not_o but_o be_v more_o in_o number_n norman_n the_o welsh_a obtain_v a_o admirable_a victory_n against_o the_o norman_n and_o better_o arm_v and_o weapon_v be_v glad_a of_o the_o occasion_n yet_o before_o the_o end_n they_o throw_v away_o both_o weapon_n and_o armour_n and_o trust_v to_o their_o foot_n who_o the_o north-wales_n man_n do_v so_o pursue_v that_o few_o escape_v but_o be_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v the_o chief_a chieftain_n except_v who_o nimble_a horse_n carry_v they_o swift_o away_o in_o the_o year_n 1150._o cadelh_n meredyth_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n conquer_v all_o caerdigan_n from_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n except_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanvihengel_n
now_o after_o his_o brother_n death_n a_o profess_a friend_n to_o the_o arian_n heresy_n or_o rather_o a_o profess_a arian_n then_o reign_v in_o britain_n make_v it_o evident_a that_o our_o british_a bishop_n which_o can_v not_o plead_v sufficient_a cause_n of_o excuse_n and_o absence_n be_v general_o present_a there_o and_o it_o those_o few_o poor_a bishop_n of_o britain_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v their_o own_o charge_n be_v draw_v thither_o to_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o emperor_n how_o much_o rather_o must_v we_o judge_v the_o same_o of_o so_o many_o potent_a and_o rich_a in_o this_o country_n which_o can_v pretend_v no_o such_o excuse_n so_o that_o we_o see_v no_o excuse_n but_o infirmity_n either_o by_o age_n or_o sickness_n to_o have_v cause_v any_o british_a bishop_n absence_n thence_o a_o late_a writer_n think_v iltutus_n then_o as_o he_o conjecture_v archbishop_n of_o london_n the_o arch-bishop_n of_o york_n and_o gaerleon_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n 24._o harris_n eccles_n hist_o tom._n 4._o c._n 24._o chichester_n and_o gloucester_n with_o other_o be_v there_o i_o see_v no_o particular_a warrant_n he_o bring_v more_o for_o those_o than_o any_o other_o of_o so_o many_o episcopal_a british_a city_n of_o that_o time_n which_o i_o have_v before_o remember_v all_o of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n for_o presence_n or_o absence_n but_o where_o just_a excuse_n and_o let_n be_v singular_a to_o any_o in_o particular_a above_o the_o rest_n for_o good_a author_n have_v testify_v that_o all_o in_o general_n be_v urge_v to_o be_v there_o without_o any_o exception_n or_o to_o be_v exempt_v and_o almost_o all_o bishop_n in_o the_o world_n be_v then_o cause_v to_o be_v either_o at_o ariminum_n in_o italy_n where_o those_o of_o the_o west_n be_v alios_fw-la sulpi_n sever._n sacr._n histor_n l._n 2._o epist_n conc._n arim._n ad_fw-la con._n apud_fw-la theod._n l._n 2._o hist_o c._n 19_o mr._n bro._n fol._n 552._o epist_n arimin_n conc._n ad_fw-la constan_n imp._n apud_fw-la theod._n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o &_o alios_fw-la or_o at_o seleucia_n appoint_v for_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n and_o the_o command_n be_v for_o all_o bishop_n general_o to_o be_v there_o this_o be_v the_o emperor_n command_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o province_n to_o compel_v all_o to_o be_v present_a and_o the_o council_n of_o ariminum_n itself_o in_o the_o epistle_n to_o constantius_n the_o arian_n emperor_n testify_v plain_o that_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o west_n be_v there_o assemble_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o these_o be_v catholic_n bishop_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a number_n about_o 400._o there_o be_v not_o by_o severus_n sulpilius_n his_o relation_n above_o 80._o arian_n st._n athanasius_n say_v there_o be_v 50_o and_o more_o and_o st._n ambrose_n witness_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o bishop_n there_o confirm_v the_o faith_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n and_o condemn_v the_o arian_n error_n this_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o same_o council_n in_o two_o several_a epistle_n to_o the_o emperor_n that_o they_o neither_o can_v nor_o will_v swerve_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n and_o although_o the_o emperor_n both_o by_o his_o epistle_n to_o that_o council_n and_o otherwise_o by_o fraud_n and_o terror_n endeavour_v for_o to_o remove_v they_o from_o that_o holy_a mind_n and_o communicate_v with_o the_o arian_n they_o plain_o write_v answer_v again_o constant_o aver_v they_o will_v change_v nothing_o they_o have_v decree_v and_o give_v their_o legate_n charge_v to_o tell_v he_o as_o much_o in_o word_n and_o to_o make_v it_o manifest_a that_o although_o by_o many_o writer_n divers_a of_o the_o bishop_n be_v convent_v and_o overcome_v both_o with_o the_o deceit_n of_o the_o arian_n and_o persecution_n of_o the_o emperor_n do_v afterward_o subscribe_v to_o a_o material_a error_n our_o bishop_n of_o britain_n be_v free_a both_o from_o imputation_n and_o suspicion_n thereof_o socrates_n sozomen_n nicephorus_n and_o other_o prove_v that_o the_o emperor_n neglect_v to_o return_v answer_n to_o the_o second_o absolute_a resolution_n and_o epistle_n the_o council_n stay_v some_o time_n for_o answer_n and_o have_v none_o they_o all_o depart_v to_o their_o country_n and_o see_v 18._o hil._n li._n contra_fw-la arian_n &_o argent_fw-fr socrat._v hist_o ecoles_n l._n 2._o c._n 29_o 41._o sozom_n hist_o l._n 4._o c._n 18._o and_o whole_o dissolve_v the_o council_n st._n hillary_n say_v plain_o this_o council_n end_v religious_o by_o all_o so_o our_o bishop_n must_v remove_v from_o ariminum_n none_o be_v return_v home_o or_o so_o far_o from_o recall_v by_o any_o new_a edict_n or_o stratagen_fw-mi of_o the_o emperor_n then_o of_o constantinople_n very_o far_o from_o ariminum_n and_o further_o from_o our_o bishop_n travel_n into_o britain_n they_o can_v be_v none_o of_o that_o number_n which_o be_v circumvent_v or_o verify_v to_o subscribe_v to_o the_o wicked_a emperor_n and_o his_o arian_n favourite_n design_n this_o persecution_n of_o vrsatius_n by_o the_o command_n of_o constantius_n the_o emperor_n stretch_v not_o so_o far_o as_o britain_n his_o malice_n and_o indignation_n be_v against_o liberius_n pope_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o italy_n and_o our_o historian_n have_v make_v it_o doubtful_a whether_o constantius_n have_v so_o much_o power_n in_o britain_n after_o this_o time_n to_o execute_v such_o cruelty_n this_o constantius_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n by_o sozomen_n about_o 45_o year_n old_a full_a 45_o say_v socrates_n beside_o the_o time_n he_o reign_v with_o his_o father_n after_o his_o death_n 37_o sozom._n hist_o eccle._n l._n 5._o c._n 1._o socrat._v l._n 2._o c._n 37_o say_v socrates_n sozomen_n and_o nicephorus_n he_o be_v emperor_n 25_o year_n he_o die_v on_o the_o three_o day_n of_o the_o nones_n of_o november_n by_o nicephorus_n his_o account_n in_o the_o 367._o year_n of_o christ_n some_o set_v down_o his_o death_n somewhat_o soon_o 4._o baron_n &_o spo._n annal._n tom._n 4._o as_o they_o have_v do_v his_o father_n before_o above_o 25_o year_n soon_o than_o this_o account_n of_o nicephorus_n of_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 367._o for_o constantius_n his_o death_n yet_o grant_v he_o be_v emperor_n 25._o year_n after_o his_o father_n die_v about_o this_o time_n martinus_n a_o age_a man_n be_v make_v deputy_n of_o britain_n when_o paulus_n a_o spaniard_n surname_v catena_n a_o name_n well_o sort_v with_o his_o nature_n be_v send_v thither_o as_o a_o commissioner_n to_o inquire_v of_o such_o as_o have_v conspire_v with_o magnentius_n 140._o british_a hist_o l._n 3._o fol._n 140._o but_o under_o colour_n of_o his_o authority_n he_o call_v in_o question_n such_o as_o be_v not_o faulty_a either_o upon_o false_a information_n or_o private_a displeasure_n and_o sometime_o to_o make_v a_o gain_n of_o those_o that_o be_v accuse_v which_o course_n martinus_n the_o deputy_n mislike_v entreat_v he_o that_o such_o as_o have_v be_v no_o actor_n in_o rebellion_n may_v be_v no_o partner_n in_o punshment_n with_o offender_n whereupon_o paulus_n discharge_v the_o deputy_n himself_o as_o a_o favourer_n of_o traitor_n and_o privy_a to_o the_o conspiracy_n do_v so_o far_o forth_o incense_n martinus_n that_o be_v either_o impatient_a of_o reproach_n or_o perhaps_o not_o altogether_o guiltless_a he_o strike_v at_o paulus_n with_o his_o sword_n intend_v to_o have_v kill_v he_o but_o fail_v in_o the_o execution_n he_o present_o thrust_v the_o sword_n into_o his_o own_o body_n gratianus_n funarius_n though_o he_o be_v not_o special_o bind_v by_o oath_n to_o the_o emperor_n as_o some_o other_o have_v be_v yet_o for_o that_o he_o have_v receive_v magnentius_n into_o his_o house_n be_v adjudge_v to_o forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o accuse_a person_n be_v fetter_v and_o present_v to_o the_o emperor_n he_o condemn_v some_o to_o death_n and_o some_o to_o exile_n julianus_n now_o be_v the_o government_n of_o gallia_n and_o britain_n assign_v to_o julianus_n afterward_o call_v the_o apostata_fw-la who_o constantius_n have_v make_v caesar_n 141._o british_a hist_o l._n 3_o fol._n 141._o lupicinus_n master_n of_o the_o armour_n to_o the_o emperor_n a_o good_a soldier_n but_o notorious_a for_o his_o pride_n covetousness_n and_o cruelty_n and_o after_o he_o alipius_n be_v send_v into_o britain_n to_o repress_v the_o inhabitant_n that_o have_v invade_v the_o province_n there_o whilst_o julianus_n himself_o remain_v in_o gallia_n not_o dare_v to_o pass_v into_o the_o isle_n both_o for_o that_o he_o fear_v the_o gaul_n who_o be_v ready_a upon_o the_o least_o occasion_n to_o revolt_v and_o also_o doubt_v the_o almains_n who_o be_v then_o up_o in_o arm_n 562._o mr._n bro._n fol._n 562._o constantius_n the_o last_o over-living_a son_n of_o constantine_n be_v dead_a julianus_n brother_n to_o gallus_n and_o son_n to_o
truth_n of_o christianity_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v bear_v down_o by_o the_o subtle_a allegation_n of_o humane_a reason_n hereupon_o the_o bishop_n call_v a_o synod_n wherein_o germanus_n the_o bishop_n of_o auxerre_n and_o lupus_n bishop_n of_o troy_n in_o champagne_n be_v appoint_v to_o go_v into_o britain_n and_o to_o undertake_v the_o cause_n which_o they_o afterward_o prosecute_v with_o so_o good_a success_n as_o many_o heretic_n among_o the_o britain_n be_v open_o convince_v and_o christian_n confirm_v in_o faith_n about_o the_o same_o time_n ninianus_n bernitius_fw-la of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o british_a prince_n be_v send_v into_o pictland_n to_o convert_v the_o inhabitant_n there_o to_o christianity_n 153._o british_a hist_n l._n 3._o f._n 153._o palladius_n a_o grecian_a be_v likewise_o appoint_v by_o celestine_n bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o scotland_n unto_o such_o there_o as_o yet_o remain_v in_o infidelity_n and_o to_o suppress_v the_o pelagian_a heresy_n new_o spring_v up_o in_o that_o kingdom_n to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a bishop_n of_o the_o church_n there_o for_o which_o purpose_n also_o patricius_n surname_v magonius_fw-la bear_v in_o britain_n be_v send_v to_o the_o irish_a and_o scotch_a man_n that_o then_o dwell_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o orcades_n and_o hebrides_n these_o three_o religious_a father_n be_v much_o honour_v in_o those_o day_n for_o the_o reverend_a opinion_n which_o most_o man_n have_v of_o their_o learning_n and_o integrity_n of_o life_n and_o they_o be_v account_v the_o apostle_n and_o patron_n of_o the_o scotish_n irish_a and_o pictish_a nation_n as_o be_v the_o several_a instrument_n of_o the_o general_a conversion_n of_o each_o of_o they_o within_o few_o year_n after_o the_o britain_n be_v again_o hot_o pursue_v by_o the_o scotchman_n and_o pict_n who_o swarm_v over_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n take_v from_o the_o britain_n for_o a_o time_n all_o opportunity_n of_o convening_n and_o assemble_v themselves_o together_o as_o in_o former_a danger_n they_o have_v be_v accustom_v whereby_o no_o small_a number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n despair_v of_o better_a success_n retire_v themselves_o give_v way_n unto_o the_o present_a necessity_n while_o each_o man_n as_o in_o common_a calamity_n oft_o time_n it_o fall_v out_o lay_v aside_o the_o care_n of_o the_o public_a make_v provision_n for_o his_o own_o safety_n leave_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o take_v and_o kill_v such_o as_o resist_v some_o of_o the_o britain_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o own_o house_n and_o possession_n fall_v to_o rob_v one_o another_o increase_a their_o outward_a trouble_n with_o inward_a tumult_n and_o civil_a dissension_n by_o which_o mean_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o have_v nothing_o leave_v to_o sustain_v they_o but_o what_o they_o get_v by_o hunt_v and_o kill_v of_o wild_a beast_n other_o bury_v their_o treasure_n under_o ground_n whereof_o great_a store_n have_v be_v find_v in_o this_o age_n 158._o brit._n hist_o l._n 3._o fol._n 158._o do_v flee_v themselves_o either_o into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o southwales_n the_o southwales_n silures_n and_o north-wales_n and_o north-wales_n ordâ—nices_n and_o into_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o isle_n where_o the_o devonshire_n the_o cornwall_n &_o devonshire_n damonians_n then_o inhabit_v or_o else_o into_o amorica_n in_o france_n the_o rest_n be_v hem_v in_o with_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o their_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o send_v to_o the_o emperor_n for_o aid_n which_o they_o can_v not_o obtain_v for_o that_o the_o goth_n and_o hunns_n invade_v gallia_n and_o italy_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v draw_v thither_o for_o defence_n of_o those_o place_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o state_n of_o britain_n now_o decline_v with_o the_o empire_n and_o shrink_v under_o the_o burden_n of_o barbarous_a oppression_n the_o britain_n send_v ambassador_n again_o to_o aetius_n the_o precedent_n in_o gallia_n desire_v he_o to_o relieve_v their_o necessity_n declare_v withal_o that_o themselves_o be_v the_o small_a remnant_n which_o survive_v after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o so_o many_o thousand_o who_o either_o the_o sword_n or_o the_o sea_n have_v consume_v for_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n drive_v they_o upon_o the_o sea_n the_o sea_n again_o upon_o the_o enemy_n between_o both_o which_o they_o suffer_v two_o kind_n of_o death_n as_o be_v either_o kill_v or_o drown_v that_o it_o import_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o protect_v they_o who_o have_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n live_v under_o their_o obedience_n and_o be_v now_o plunge_v into_o the_o depth_n of_o intolerable_a misery_n for_o beside_o the_o calamity_n of_o war_n both_o civil_a and_o foreign_a at_o one_o instant_a they_o be_v afflict_v with_o dearth_n and_o famine_n which_o force_v they_o sometime_o to_o yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o merciless_a enemy_n but_o their_o complaint_n avail_v nothing_o for_o the_o roman_n plain_o deny_v to_o send_v they_o any_o more_o succour_n whereof_o the_o scotishman_n and_o pict_n be_v certain_o advertise_v and_o know_v how_o small_a a_o number_n of_o able_a man_n remain_v in_o the_o province_n to_o withstand_v their_o attempt_n assail_v first_o such_o place_n of_o strength_n as_o guard_v the_o border_n and_o afterward_o enter_v the_o province_n itself_o where_o by_o continual_a course_n of_o conquest_n they_o find_v a_o passage_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o isle_n spoil_v the_o people_n of_o their_o wealth_n burn_v their_o city_n and_o bring_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o under_o a_o miserable_a servitude_n thus_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o roman_n first_o entrance_n and_o four_o hundred_o forty_o six_o after_o our_o saviour_n birth_n the_o isle_n of_o britain_n which_o have_v be_v not_o only_o the_o principal_a member_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o also_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n itself_o and_o the_o seminary_n of_o soldier_n send_v out_o into_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v now_o in_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n bereave_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o her_o ancient_a inhabitant_n and_o leave_v a_o prey_n to_o barbarous_a nation_n shrewsbury_n shrewsbury_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n in_o shâ—opshire_n and_o stand_v neat_o upon_o a_o hill_n and_o iâ—_n almost_o encompass_v round_o by_o the_o river_n severus_n that_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v not_o fence_v by_o the_o river_n be_v fortify_v by_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n build_v by_o roger_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n the_o first_o earl_n thereof_o a_o fair_a and_o goodly_a town_n it_o be_v well_o trade_v and_o frequent_v by_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o welsh_a and_o english_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o gloath_n and_o other_o merchandise_n this_o be_v the_o commont_n mart_n and_o empory_n between_o england_n and_o wales_n it_o stand_v in_o the_o very_a midst_n or_o centre_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o general_o be_v inferior_a to_o none_o about_o it_o for_o delight_n and_o plenty_n for_o the_o number_n of_o town_n and_o castle_n stand_v exceed_o thick_a on_o every_o side_n as_o have_v former_o be_v a_o frontier_n country_n very_o far_o above_o they_o it_o belong_v ancient_o to_o the_o cornavii_n and_o at_o the_o norman_a conquest_n be_v bestow_v on_o roger_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n who_o first_o make_v it_o â—eminent_a and_o with_o his_o successor_n and_o sinâ—e_v they_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o talbot_n enjoy_v the_o style_n and_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n 1._o roger_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n 2._o hugh_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n 3._o robert_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n 4._o john_n talbot_z marshal_z of_o france_n create_v earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n by_o k._n h._n 6._o 5._o john_n talbot_n l._n tre._n 6._o john_n talbot_z 7._o geo._n talbot_n 8._o francis_z talbot_z 9_o geo._n talbot_n 10._o gilbert_n talbot_n 11._o edward_z talbot_z 12._o geo._n talbot_n 13._o john_n talbot_z now_o live_v and_o earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n 1661._o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n thomas_z stanley_z earl_n of_o derby_n knight_n of_o the_o garter_n etc._n etc._n elinor_n daughter_n to_o richard_n nevil_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n tho._n earl_n of_o derby_n etc._n etc._n anne_n daughter_n to_o ed._n l._n hastings_n which_o family_n descend_v from_o the_o british_a line_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n edward_n earl_n of_o derby_n etc._n etc._n dorothea_n daughter_n to_o thomas_n howward_a duke_n of_o norfolk_n by_o which_o march_n this_o honourable_a family_n descend_v from_o the_o british_a line_n as_o in_o the_o pedigree_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n henry_n earl_n of_o derby_n etc._n etc._n margaret_z daughter_z to_z henry_n clifford_z earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o elinor_n his_o wife_n daughter_n and_o coheir_n to_o charles_n brandon_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n and_o mary_n queen_n of_o france_n
redress_v the_o house_n of_o ambesbury_n and_o put_v therein_o monk_n but_o now_o there_o be_v nun_n there_o be_v a_o monastery_n of_o great_a renown_n at_o abington_n in_o berkshire_n before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o saxon_n into_o britain_n the_o old_a chronicle_n of_o that_o house_n be_v witness_n testify_v that_o then_o there_o be_v five_o hundred_o monk_n and_o more_o belong_v to_o that_o monastery_n live_v in_o wood_n and_o desert_n get_v their_o live_n by_o their_o labour_n britain_n king_n cissa_n a_o saxon_a a_o cruel_a persecuter_n of_o the_o monk_n at_o abington_n and_o all_o christian_a britain_n and_o upon_o the_o holy_a day_n and_o sunday_n come_v together_o in_o their_o abbey_n all_o except_v threescore_n which_o continual_o abide_v in_o the_o abbey_n serve_v god_n there_o and_o that_o before_o king_n cissa_n be_v a_o christian_a he_o put_v those_o monk_n either_o to_o death_n or_o force_v they_o from_o their_o monastery_n and_o cruel_o persecute_v all_o christian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o britain_n come_n together_o from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o retreat_n and_o combine_v their_o disperse_a force_n the_o better_a to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v fresh_o assail_v by_o the_o scottishman_n and_o pict_n 196._o brit._n hist_o part_n 2._o fol._n 196._o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o saxon_n also_o be_v new_o enter_v into_o association_n with_o they_o whereupon_o germanus_n the_o bishop_n who_o come_v over_o into_o britain_n a_o little_a before_o the_o saxon_n arrival_n britain_n pict_n scot_n and_o saxon_n enter_v into_o association_n against_o the_o britain_n and_o have_v remain_v there_o with_o lupus_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v instruct_v and_o confirm_v the_o britain_n in_o the_o true_a faith_n against_o the_o pelagian_o confident_a of_o the_o goodness_n of_o this_o cause_n and_o to_o give_v encouragement_n to_o his_o new_a convert_n offer_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o british_a army_n which_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o such_o christian_n as_o himself_o have_v late_o baptize_v the_o place_n wherein_o they_o pitch_v be_v a_o fair_a valley_n enclose_v on_o both_o side_n with_o high_a mountain_n over_o which_o their_o enemy_n be_v to_o march_v the_o bishop_n himself_o and_o certain_a priest_n that_o attend_v he_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o army_n exhort_v the_o britain_n to_o fight_v courageous_o as_o the_o soldier_n of_o christ_n under_o the_o banner_n of_o the_o cross_n which_o badge_n they_o have_v receive_v in_o their_o baptism_n and_o command_v they_o all_o upon_o the_o enemy_n approach_v to_o answer_v he_o aloud_o with_o one_o consent_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o himself_o begin_v thereupon_o the_o saxon_n and_o scottishman_n ascend_v the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o hill_n suppose_v to_o have_v charge_v the_o britain_n on_o a_o sudden_a which_o when_o germanus_n and_o his_o priest_n who_o be_v about_o he_o perceive_v they_o cry_v out_o three_o several_a time_n alleluja_n all_o the_o britain_n second_v the_o cry_n and_o the_o echo_n rebound_v from_o the_o hill_n redouble_v the_o sound_n alleluja_n a_o miraculous_a victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o britain_n against_o the_o pict_n &_o scot_n and_o saxon_n the_o word_n be_v alleluja_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o pagan_n imagine_v the_o number_n of_o the_o christian_n much_o great_a than_o it_o be_v indeed_o cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n and_o flee_v the_o britain_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o in_o pursuit_n and_o such_o as_o escape_v the_o sword_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o river_n which_o impeach_v they_o in_o their_o fly_n after_o this_o memorable_a victory_n germanus_n persuade_v the_o britain_n to_o unity_n and_o constancy_n in_o profession_n of_o christian_a religion_n as_o a_o mean_n to_o make_v their_o attempt_n against_o their_o enemy_n prosperous_a depart_v out_o of_o britain_n whither_o as_o some_o writer_n report_n he_o soon_o after_o return_v and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o severus_n the_o bishop_n of_o trever_n suppress_v the_o palagian_a heresy_n which_o after_o his_o departure_n spring_v up_o again_o and_o increase_v among_o the_o britain_n in_o remembrance_n of_o who_o zeal_n 197._o brit._n hist_o part_n 2._o fol._n 197._o and_o travail_v in_o that_o behalf_n sustain_v the_o christian_n of_o britain_n afterward_o dedicate_v unto_o he_o as_o a_o protect_a saint_n certain_a church_n and_o house_n of_o religion_n in_o divers_a pace_n of_o the_o land_n aurelianus_n or_o aurelius_n ambrose_n the_o saxon_n present_o after_o perceive_v that_o the_o britain_n be_v scatter_v in_o several_a troop_n disarm_v and_o unfurnished_v of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o support_v of_o the_o war_n prepare_v themselves_o to_o follow_v they_o and_o to_o impeach_v they_o from_o join_v their_o force_n together_o any_o more_o to_o which_o end_n they_o divide_v themselves_o into_o several_a company_n with_o a_o full_a resolution_n either_o utter_o to_o destroy_v and_o expel_v they_o out_o of_o the_o isle_n which_o they_o have_v almost_o bring_v to_o pass_v when_o aurelianus_n ambrose_n come_v out_o of_o france_n into_o britain_n bring_v hither_o some_o of_o the_o britain_n that_o have_v seat_v themselves_o there_o who_o pity_v their_o distress_a country_n man_n in_o the_o island_n determine_v either_o to_o relieve_v they_o or_o to_o perish_v in_o the_o enterprise_n this_o ambrose_n be_v a_o roman_a by_o birth_n honourable_o descend_v and_o as_o have_v be_v conjecture_v sup_v brit._n hist_o &_o sup_v of_o the_o race_n of_o that_o constantine_n who_o for_o the_o hope_n of_o his_o name_n only_o which_o be_v repute_v ominous_a have_v be_v elect_v emperor_n by_o the_o roman_a army_n in_o britain_n and_o be_v now_o the_o chief_a leader_n of_o the_o britain_n he_o oft_o time_n encounter_v the_o saxon_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o arthur_n a_o valiant_a captain_n give_v they_o many_o overthrow_n 52._o how_o be_v brit._n &_o saxon_n fol._n 52._o aurelius_n ambrose_n say_v howes_n be_v ordain_v king_n of_o britain_n in_o who_o time_n the_o britain_n by_o little_a and_o little_a begin_v to_o take_v courage_n to_o they_o and_o come_v out_o of_o their_o cave_n in_o which_o they_o lurk_v before_o and_o with_o one_o consent_n call_v for_o heavenly_a help_n thet_z they_o may_v not_o for_o ever_o be_v utter_o destroy_v they_o have_v for_o their_o captain_n and_o leader_n the_o foresay_a aurelius_n assemble_v themselves_o together_o and_o provoke_v the_o victor_n to_o fight_v and_o through_o god_n assistance_n achieve_v the_o victory_n and_o from_o that_o day_n forward_o be_v the_o man_n of_o the_o country_n the_o enemy_n have_v the_o victory_n till_o that_o year_n in_o which_o bath_n be_v besiege_v where_o they_o give_v their_o enemy_n a_o great_a overthrow_n which_o be_v about_o the_o forty_o four_o year_n of_o their_o come_n into_o the_o land_n of_o this_o aurelius_n william_n of_o malm_n write_v thus_o sure_o even_o then_o say_v he_o the_o britain_n have_v go_v to_o wrack_n if_o ambrose_n who_o only_o and_o alone_o of_o all_o the_o roman_n remain_v in_o britain_n and_o be_v monarch_n of_o the_o realm_n after_o vortiger_n have_v not_o keep_v under_o the_o proud_a barbarian_n ambrose_n stone-hedge_n build_v by_o aureius_n ambrose_n with_o the_o notable_a travel_n of_o the_o warrior_n arthur_n geoffrey_n of_o mon._n tell_v we_o that_o this_o ambrose_n cause_v church_n to_o be_v repair_v which_o have_v be_v spoil_v by_o the_o saxon_n he_o cause_v also_o the_o great_a stone_n to_o be_v set_v on_o the_o plain_a of_o salisbury_n which_o be_v call_v stone-hedge_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o britain_n that_o be_v slay_v and_o bury_v there_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o vortiger_n this_o ancient_a monument_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v and_o be_v a_o number_n of_o stone_n rough_a and_o of_o a_o grey_a colour_n twenty_o five_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o about_o ten_o foot_n in_o breadth_n they_o be_v conjoin_v by_o two_o and_o two_o together_o sulpâ—a_fw-la howes_n ut_fw-la sulpâ—a_fw-la and_o every_o couple_n sustain_v a_o three_o stone_n lie_v overthwart_o gatewise_o which_o be_v fasten_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o tenon_n that_o enter_v into_o mortase_n of_o those_o stone_n not_o close_v by_o any_o cement_n it_o appear_v that_o there_o have_v be_v three_o rank_n go_v round_o as_o circle_n one_o within_o another_o whereof_o the_o utmost_a and_o large_a contain_v in_o compass_n 300_o foot_n but_o the_o other_o rank_n be_v decay_v and_o therefore_o hard_a to_o reckon_v how_o many_o stone_n there_o be_v doro._n gâ—ffr_n mon._n garal_a cam._n gerva_n doro._n the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o britain_n do_v testify_v that_o whereas_o the_o saxon_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 450._o have_v slay_v 48._o of_o the_o britain_n nobility_n by_o treason_n and_o under_o colour_n of_o treaty_n aurelius_n ambrose_n now_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n desirous_a to_o continue_v
general_a council_n or_o counsel_n but_o hard_o it_o be_v to_o reclaim_v a_o heretic_n then_o to_o convert_v a_o infidel_n yet_o almighty_a god_n out_o of_o his_o infinite_a goodness_n never_o suffer_v any_o heresy_n to_o arise_v but_o present_o he_o send_v a_o remedy_n by_o provide_v both_o learned_a and_o pious_a man_n to_o withstand_v oppose_v and_o suppress_v it_o dubritius_fw-la therefore_o that_o be_v bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o after_o archbishop_n of_o caerleon_n arnaske_n and_o his_o successor_n david_n with_o other_o learned_a man_n earnest_o both_o by_o preach_v and_o write_v defend_v the_o contrary_a cause_n to_o the_o confute_v of_o those_o error_n and_o re-establish_a the_o truth_n this_o holy_a bishop_n st._n dubritius_fw-la be_v of_o such_o sanctity_n of_o life_n that_o after_o st._n german_n and_o his_o associate_n departure_n hence_o 38._o capg_n in_o st._n dubritius_fw-la antiq._n eccl._n hard._n harpsfield_n hist_o eccl._n angliae_fw-la fol._n 38._o he_o together_o with_o st._n david_n be_v the_o pope_n legate_n or_o great_a commander_n here_o by_o the_o high_a spiritual_a power_n st._n dubritius_fw-la be_v a_o famous_a master_n to_o many_o learned_a scholar_n harpsfield_n speak_v of_o the_o remarkable_a holy_a and_o learned_a man_n of_o that_o time_n say_v among_o who_o dubritius_fw-la gainius_n vagensis_fw-la of_o or_o near_o the_o river_n wye_n a_o south-wales_n man_n of_o monmoth_n shire_n first_o come_v in_o order_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o who_o first_o set_v up_o a_o school_n near_o the_o river_n wye_n where_o thelianus_n samson_n and_o aidan_n be_v his_o scholar_n he_o himself_o have_v former_o be_v a_o disciple_n of_o st._n german_n under_o who_o conduct_n the_o britain_n obtain_v a_o miraculous_a victory_n against_o the_o saxon_n who_o be_v a_o earnest_a opposer_n of_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n who_o example_n st._n dubritius_fw-la follow_v both_o by_o preach_v and_o write_v leyland_n john_n capg_n john_n leyland_n he_o be_v first_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o afterward_o atchbishop_n of_o caerleon_n harpsfield_n here_o mistake_v and_o place_v his_o see_n at_o westchester_n which_o never_o have_v either_o arch_a flamen_n or_o archbishop_n but_o both_o these_o city_n be_v call_v indifferent_o caerleon_n breed_v that_o error_n mr._n porter_n in_o in_o his_o life_n of_o saint_n be_v in_o the_o same_o mistake_n this_o bless_a man_n grow_v full_a in_o year_n leave_v his_o honour_n and_o dignity_n polid._n pitseus_n conc._n polid._n and_o with_o other_o associate_n betake_v himself_o to_o the_o wilderness_n or_o solitary_a and_o unfrequented_a mountain_n where_o they_o live_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o their_o hand_n and_o then_o at_o last_o render_v up_o his_o pure_a soul_n in_o all_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n to_o his_o creator_n the_o eightenth_n of_o the_o kalend_n of_o december_n whilst_o this_o bless_a man_n hold_v the_o see_v of_o landaff_n nod_v a_o son_n of_o king_n arthur_n give_v certain_a land_n lie_v by_o the_o river_n of_o taff_n or_o teiny_n unto_o that_o church_n which_o be_v call_v benalin_n and_o landeiliaw_n vanur_v 13._o hen._n hunt_n l._n 2._o cap._n 13._o as_o be_v record_v in_o the_o monument_n of_o that_o church_n this_o bishop_n set_v the_o british_a crown_n upon_o the_o head_n both_o of_o aurelius_n ambrose_n as_o also_o arthur_n and_o in_o the_o famous_a and_o renown_a battle_n fight_v against_o the_o saxon_n at_o the_o city_n of_o badan_n now_o call_v bath_n besiege_v that_o place_n this_o dubritius_fw-la be_v personal_o present_a with_o sweet_a and_o divine_a exhortation_n encourage_v the_o soldier_n to_o fight_v manful_o against_o the_o pagan_n and_o enemy_n of_o christian_a faith_n lay_v before_o their_o eye_n the_o lamentable_a destruction_n of_o their_o country_n occasion_v by_o those_o miscreant_n and_o how_o glorious_a that_o death_n will_v be_v where_o life_n be_v spend_v in_o so_o good_a a_o cause_n and_o likewise_o what_o reward_n they_o may_v expect_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o almighty_a god_n for_o so_o christian-like_a service_n that_o day_n prove_v most_o glorious_a unto_o the_o britain_n who_o purchase_v a_o most_o absolute_a victory_n obtain_v as_o all_o imagine_a by_o the_o prayer_n of_o st._n dubritius_fw-la he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 555._o in_o the_o wilderness_n or_o solitude_n before_o speak_v of_o call_v enli_n but_o in_o the_o year_n eleven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o his_o body_n be_v translate_v to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o landaff_n by_o vrban_a bishop_n of_o that_o see_n i_o esteem_v say_v harpsfield_n king_n arthur_n though_o many_o thing_n be_v ridiculous_o foist_v upon_o he_o a_o prince_n so_o worthy_a to_o have_v his_o glory_n eternize_v that_o even_o in_o ecclesiastical_a history_n he_o deserve_v to_o have_v his_o name_n register_v for_o what_o can_v be_v more_o renown_a and_o become_v a_o true_a christian_a prince_n then_o to_o expose_v his_o life_n estate_n and_o all_o for_o god_n sake_n with_o arthur_n who_o most_o valiant_o oppose_v and_o overthrow_v the_o saxon_n who_o not_o only_o have_v tread_v the_o britain_n but_o even_o religion_n itself_o under_o foot_n twelve_o time_n he_o join_v battle_n with_o they_o and_o twelve_o time_n come_v out_o of_o the_o field_n victorious_a among_o all_o which_o the_o great_a trophy_n and_o triumph_n which_o he_o purchase_v be_v that_o at_o bath_n in_o which_o say_v this_o author_n praecipue_fw-la post_fw-la deum_fw-la in_o beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la open_a spem_fw-la posuit_fw-la after_o almighty_a god_n he_o put_v his_o chief_a confidence_n in_o the_o help_n of_o the_o b._n virgin_n and_o therefore_o advance_v her_o effigy_n and_o picture_n in_o his_o shield_n 22._o king_n arthur_n arm_n mr._n boswel_o in_o his_o armoury_n fol._n 22._o king_n arthur_n that_o mighty_a conqueror_n and_o worthy_a have_v so_o great_a affection_n and_o love_n to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o leave_v his_o arm_n which_o he_o bear_v before_o wherein_o be_v figure_v three_o dragon_n and_o another_o of_o three_o crown_n or_o thirteen_o as_o the_o french_a say_v 33331._o viz._n azure_a 13._o crown_n or_o and_o assume_v and_o take_v to_o his_o arm_n as_o proper_a to_o his_o desire_n a_o cross_a silver_n in_o a_o field_n verd._n on_o the_o first_o quarter_n whereof_o be_v figure_v a_o image_n of_o our_o lady_n with_o her_o son_n in_o her_o arm_n and_o bear_v that_o sign_n he_o do_v many_o marvail_n in_o arm_n as_o in_o his_o book_n of_o act_n and_o valiant_a conquest_n be_v remember_v and_o what_o can_v be_v speak_v say_v the_o former_a writer_n more_o honourable_o of_o any_o conqueror_n than_o may_v be_v say_v of_o this_o our_o arthur_n for_o that_o scum_n or_o dregs_o of_o miscreant_n the_o saxon_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n quite_o sweep_v out_o of_o britain_n he_o sole_o apply_v his_o thought_n to_o the_o repair_n of_o temple_n and_o church_n 168._o hen._n hunt_n li._n 9_o p._n 167._o k._n 168._o which_o those_o pagan_n have_v demolish_v and_o ruin_v especial_o at_o york_n where_o the_o storm_n of_o that_o persecution_n do_v most_o rage_n beside_o many_o other_o as_o at_o glastenbury_n where_o he_o spare_v no_o cost_n nor_o charge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o most_o heroic_a king_n this_o island_n be_v adorn_v with_o divers_a learned_a and_o eminent_a man_n as_o iltutus_n canigellus_n david_n machutus_n and_o sundry_a other_o iltutus_n bear_v in_o the_o county_n of_o glamorgan_n and_o therefore_o call_v morganensis_fw-la who_o some_o also_o call_v eclhutus_n contemn_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o birth_n and_o all_o the_o vanity_n and_o folly_n of_o the_o world_n as_o impediment_n to_o devotion_n and_o heavenly_a contemplation_n withdraw_v himself_o from_o all_o company_n of_o worldling_n and_o go_v unto_o st._n dubritius_fw-la to_o lead_v a_o austere_a and_o solitary_a life_n where_o he_o arrive_v unto_o so_o great_a perfection_n that_o he_o himself_o become_v a_o spiritual_a master_n and_o have_v many_o disciple_n as_o samson_n david_n paulinus_n and_o gildas_n badonicus_n and_o other_o iltutus_n die_v in_o the_o ides_n of_o november_n the_o welsh_a even_o to_o these_o our_o day_n celebrate_v a_o annual_a festival_n day_n in_o honour_n of_o this_o saint_n as_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o church_n dedicate_v unto_o he_o and_o in_o that_o language_n call_v llan_n iltutus_n congellus_n be_v abbot_n of_o the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o bangor_n the_o nursery_n from_o whence_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n as_o fill_v the_o whole_a christian_a world_n with_o admiration_n of_o their_o learning_n and_o sanctity_n do_v spring_n disciple_n to_o this_o saintly_o abbot_n were_z st._n columbanus_n and_o st._n brandon_n columbanus_n take_v the_o habit_n of_o religion_n at_o bangor_n and_o fill_v scotland_n ireland_n italy_n gallia_n and_o germany_n with_o admiration_n of_o his_o sanctity_n and_o learning_n king_n arthur_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v enemy_n lotho_n and_o conradus_n his_o ally_n who_o
angharat_n daughter_n to_o meredith_n king_n of_o wales_n do_v govern_v north-wales_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n be_v all_o this_o time_n with_o his_o father_n in_o law_n in_o ireland_n caradock_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytheryc_a be_v the_o first_o that_o procure_v haroald_n to_o come_v into_o wales_n against_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n hope_v by_o he_o to_o attain_v unto_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n but_o it_o fall_v ontotherwise_o for_o when_o haroald_n understand_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o get_v that_o which_o he_o look_v for_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o caradock_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a lordship_n within_o wales_n nigh_o unto_o hereford_n and_o know_v also_o caradoc_n to_o be_v a_o subtle_a and_o deceitful_a man_n compound_v with_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n for_o that_o lordship_n he_o make_v he_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o banish_a caradoc_n out_o of_o the_o country_n afterward_o haroald_v have_v obtain_v that_o lordship_n build_v 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alfrike_n earl_n of_o mercia_n refuse_v to_o submit_v himself_o as_o oher_n have_v do_v when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o king_n be_v depart_v to_o normandy_n rise_v against_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v in_o his_o absence_n to_o keep_v the_o land_n in_o obedience_n whereupon_o those_o that_o lay_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o hereford_n richard_n fitz_n scroop_n and_o other_o oftentimes_o invade_v his_o land_n and_o waste_v the_o good_n of_o his_o tenant_n but_o as_o often_o as_o they_o come_v against_o he_o they_o always_o lose_v some_o of_o their_o own_o man_n at_o length_n he_o call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o king_n of_o wales_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o hereford_n even_o to_o weigh_a bridge_n and_o then_o return_v with_o great_a booty_n this_o year_n also_o 1068._o meredith_n and_o ithel_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n raise_v a_o strong_a army_n against_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n king_n of_o north-wales_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v mechain_n where_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n there_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o one_o part_n ithel_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o rywalhon_n and_o meredith_n put_v to_o flight_n who_o blethyn_n pursue_v so_o strait_o that_o he_o starve_v for_o cold_a and_o hunger_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o so_o blethyn_n son_n of_o convyn_n remain_v the_o only_a king_n of_o powis_n and_o north-wales_n carodoc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o frenchman_n for_o so_o the_o british_a book_n call_v the_o norman_n to_o enter_v southwales_n to_o who_o he_o join_v his_o power_n of_o gwentland_n and_o give_v meredith_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v he_o upon_o the_o river_n rympyn_n about_o this_o time_n the_o norman_n bring_v great_a force_n into_o westwales_n by_o sea_n and_o destroy_v dynet_n and_o the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o carry_v away_o much_o spoil_v and_o do_v so_o likewise_o the_o year_n follow_v bleythyd_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n or_o saint_n david_n die_v about_o this_o time_n and_o sulien_n be_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n radulf_n earl_n of_o east_n angle_n his_o mother_n come_v out_o of_o wales_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o welshman_n assist_v he_o against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 11._o matth._n west_n lib._n 2._o fol._n 6_o math._n parker_n p._n 11._o for_o ranulf_n send_v for_o many_o of_o his_o mother_n friend_n and_o kinsman_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o meaning_n through_o their_o aid_n and_o procurement_n to_o get_v the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o his_o enterprise_n but_o william_n have_v notice_n of_o this_o plot_n and_o come_v before_o he_o be_v send_v for_o he_o hang_v some_o of_o the_o welshman_n among_o other_o put_v our_o the_o eye_n of_o many_o and_o banish_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o year_n 1073._o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convin_n king_n of_o wales_n be_v traitorous_o and_o cowardly_o murder_v by_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n tywy_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v wales_n thirteen_o year_n this_o man_n be_v very_o liberal_a and_o merciful_a do_v justice_n and_o equity_n all_o his_o reign_n he_o have_v divers_a woman_n and_o many_o child_n first_o meredith_n by_o haer_fw-mi daughter_n to_o gythyn_n lywarck_n and_o cadogan_n by_o another_o woman_n madâ—e_n and_o ryrid_a by_o the_o three_o jorwerth_n by_o the_o four_o trahern_n the_o son_n of_o caradoc_n after_o the_o death_n of_o blethyn_n trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n his_o cousin_n german_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o rytherck_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n do_v jont_o rule_v southwales_n then_o gruffith_n son_n to_o conan_n son_n to_o jago_n or_o james_n right_a inheritor_n of_o north-wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o succour_n with_o his_o brethren_n encumalhon_n king_n of_o vltonia_fw-la and_o ranalht_n and_o mathaw_v have_v deliver_v he_o and_o land_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n kynwric_n ap_fw-mi rynalbon_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o maelor_n or_o bromfield_n be_v slay_v in_o north-wales_n this_o year_n also_o gronow_v and_o lhewelin_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v join_v their_o power_n with_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n to_o revenge_v their_o grandfather_n death_n and_o then_o fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v camdhwc_n where_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n obtain_v the_o victory_n short_o after_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n pass_v over_o the_o water_n from_o môn_n to_o the_o main_a land_n and_o trabern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o bronyrew_n where_o gruffith_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o retire_v back_o to_o the_o isle_n year_n 1074_o in_o the_o year_n 1074._o rytherc_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v slay_v by_o treason_n of_o his_o own_o cousin_n german_n meyrchaon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi rytherc_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rule_v southwales_n alone_o nevertheless_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n gather_v their_o power_n and_o come_v against_o he_o and_o fight_v with_o he_o the_o second_o time_n at_o gwaynyttyd_n where_o he_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o yet_o he_o gather_v new_a force_n and_o keep_v the_o land_n still_o then_o trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n move_v his_o force_n against_o rees_n who_o bold_o meet_v he_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pwlhgwttic_a where_o after_o long_o fight_v rees_n be_v put_v to_o slight_v and_o after_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n he_o flee_v from_o place_n to_o place_n fear_v all_o thing_n like_o a_o stag_n that_o have_v be_v late_o chase_v which_o mistrust_v every_o noise_n but_o at_o the_o last_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n howel_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n aâ—_n gruffith_n who_o slay_v they_o both_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o noble_a prince_n blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n at_o this_o time_n sulien_n archbishop_n of_o saint_n david_n do_v forsake_v his_o bishopric_n and_o abraham_n be_v choose_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n year_n 1077_o in_o the_o year_n 1077._o rees_n the_o son_n of_o theodore_n the_o son_n of_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n as_o right_a inheritor_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n claim_v the_o same_o and_o the_o people_n receive_v he_o with_o much_o joy_n and_o make_v he_o their_o prince_n the_o next_o year_n menevia_n be_v all_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v by_o stranger_n and_o abraham_n the_o bishop_n die_v after_o who_o death_n sulien_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v the_o bishopric_n again_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n do_v bring_v a_o great_a army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n into_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n as_o two_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o
enter_v perforce_o and_o put_v many_o to_o the_o sword_n and_o take_v the_o rest_n raze_z the_o castle_n to_o the_o ground_n which_o victory_n do_v so_o please_v the_o prince_n that_o he_o forget_v his_o doleful_a accent_n and_o solitary_a retirement_n and_o fall_v to_o his_o accustom_a pastime_n about_o this_o time_n cadelh_n meredyth_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n do_v conduct_v their_o force_n against_o the_o castle_n of_o gwys_n which_o after_o they_o perceive_v they_o can_v not_o win_v they_o send_v for_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o their_o aid_n who_o for_o his_o prowess_n and_o valour_n in_o the_o field_n and_o his_o discretion_n in_o consultation_n be_v esteem_v the_o flower_n of_o chivalry_n who_o presence_n be_v think_v also_o only_o sufficient_a to_o overcome_v any_o fortress_n he_o be_v desirous_a to_o purchase_v honour_n gather_v his_o man_n and_o come_v to_o these_o lord_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o gwys_n request_n granados_n not_o yet_o in_o request_n who_o they_o receive_v with_o general_a acclamation_n and_o great_a expression_n of_o joy_n when_o he_o have_v view_v the_o place_n he_o cause_v engine_n to_o be_v make_v to_o batter_v the_o wall_n with_o force_n of_o man_n and_o other_o to_o cast_v great_a stone_n to_o their_o enemy_n britain_n the_o strong_a castle_n of_o gwyl_n take_v by_o the_o britain_n thereby_o to_o disquiet_v the_o garrison_n which_o preparation_n when_o they_o within_o behold_v their_o heart_n fail_v and_o forthwith_o they_o yield_v the_o fort_n which_o do_v howell_n return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n short_o after_o there_o fall_v a_o great_a dissension_n betwixt_o howell_n and_o conan_n prince_n owen_n son_n and_o cadwallader_n their_o uncle_n whereupon_o they_o rally_v their_o force_n and_o enter_v the_o country_n of_o merloneth_n which_o cause_v the_o people_n to_o fly_v to_o sanctuary_n for_o security_n of_o their_o life_n these_o 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be_v the_o son_n of_o traherne_a the_o uncle_n of_o st._n helen_n maximian_n king_n trahern_n his_o son_n next_o heir_n to_o constantine_n other_o say_v he_o be_v son_n of_o leolinus_n another_o uncle_n of_o st._n helen_n great_a uncle_n to_o constantine_n and_o one_o of_o they_o nin._n gal._n mon._n l._n 5._o c._n 12.15_o pont._n virun_n lib._n 5._o math._n west_n a_o 390_o 392._o manus_fw-la anti._n in_o vit_fw-mi s._n nin._n capg_n in_o eod_n bal._n li._n the_o scrip._n cent._n 1._o in_o nin._n say_v octavius_z be_v king_n but_o 14_o year_n end_v with_o the_o begin_n of_o maximian_n his_o reign_n and_o so_o we_o may_v well_o allow_v such_o a_o octavius_n to_o have_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n in_o britain_n in_o those_o troublesome_a day_n of_o the_o roman_n rule_v here_o divers_a petty_a king_n be_v probable_o at_o that_o time_n in_o this_o nation_n as_o well_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o these_o author_n which_o then_o make_v octavian_n king_n as_o other_o so_o they_o term_v conanus_fw-la a_o king_n and_o that_o maximian_n take_v his_o kingdom_n from_o he_o so_o be_v dionotus_n king_n in_o cornwall_n so_o be_v his_o brother_n carodocus_n before_o he_o and_o yet_o under_o one_o chief_a king_n and_o emperor_n maximian_n at_o that_o time_n and_o st._n niman_n who_o live_v bishop_n here_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o age_n have_v king_n for_o his_o ancestor_n and_o yet_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o place_n of_o his_o birth_n from_o king_n coel_n argue_v he_o be_v not_o of_o their_o line_n and_o all_o these_o king_n or_o regent_n here_o be_v most_o certain_o by_o our_o antiquary_n chatholick_a christian_n constantinus_n after_o the_o death_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a constantinus_n his_o elder_a son_n enjoy_v britain_n as_o a_o portion_n of_o his_o dominion_n till_o make_v some_o attempt_n upon_o his_o brother_n constans_n for_o the_o enlarge_n of_o it_o 239._o british_a hist_n fol._n 239._o he_o be_v by_o he_o slay_v then_o be_v the_o empire_n divide_v between_o constans_n and_o constantius_n the_o two_o young_a brethren_n constans_n seize_v upon_o the_o province_n which_o constantinus_n his_o brother_n have_v hold_v and_o make_v a_o voyage_n into_o britain_n where_o gratianus_n a_o hungarian_a by_o birth_n have_v then_o charge_n of_o the_o army_n this_o gratianus_n be_v surname_v funarius_n for_o that_o he_o be_v a_o young_a man_n be_v able_a as_o it_o be_v write_v of_o he_o to_o hold_v a_o rope_n in_o his_o hand_n against_o the_o force_n of_o five_o soldier_n assay_v to_o pull_v it_o from_o he_o but_o constans_n afterward_o follow_v ill_a counsel_n the_o ready_a way_n to_o prince_n ruin_n and_o give_v himself_o over_o to_o all_o kind_n of_o vice_n be_v slay_v by_o magnentius_n taporus_n the_o son_n of_o a_o britain_n who_o then_o invade_v the_o empire_n usurp_v the_o government_n of_o gallià _fw-la and_o britain_n till_o after_o three_o year_n war_n with_o constantius_n the_o successor_n of_o constans_n his_o brother_n find_v himself_o unable_a any_o long_o to_o uphold_v his_o greatness_n 1._o mr._n br._n fol._n 548._o 1._o he_o murder_v himself_o this_o constantius_n in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v infect_v with_o the_o arian_n heresy_n but_o neither_o so_o as_o to_o endanger_v britain_n or_o any_o other_o nation_n under_o his_o command_n he_o consent_v to_o the_o recall_v of_o st._n athanasius_n out_o of_o exile_n and_o sometime_o to_o his_o continue_v his_o dignity_n at_o alexandrea_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o love_n of_o st._n athanasius_n or_o fear_v of_o his_o brother_n constans_n write_v express_o unto_o he_o in_o favour_n of_o st._n athanasius_n be_v uncertain_a he_o also_o consent_v to_o the_o call_n of_o the_o great_a general_a council_n of_o sardyce_n 10_o or_o 11_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n as_o socrates_n and_o sozomen_n affirm_v wherein_o st._n athanasius_n be_v prove_v innocent_a and_o as_o he_o then_o present_a with_o many_o other_o prove_v the_o nicon_n faith_n be_v confirm_v and_o utter_o forbid_v to_o be_v question_v valent._n mr._n bro._n fol._n 548._o socr._n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o soz._n l._n 3._o c._n 11_o 12._o athan._n apol._n 2_o cont_n arianos_fw-la divers_a bishop_n of_o britain_n 5_o at_o the_o least_o present_a at_o the_o council_n of_o sardyce_n baro._n &_o spon_n a_o 347._o sex_n ruff._n brem_n rev._n gest_n po_fw-es ro._n ad_fw-la valent._n and_o at_o the_o call_n of_o this_o council_n the_o same_o renown_a doctor_n call_v this_o say_a constantin_n as_o also_o his_o brother_n a_o know_v cacholick_a emperor_n and_o a_o religious_a prince_n and_o we_o be_v sure_a that_o at_o this_o time_n our_o kingdom_n of_o baittain_n detain_v the_o former_a glorious_a estate_n and_o glory_n of_o religion_n it_o have_v before_o in_o the_o day_n of_o constantine_n and_o be_v still_o free_a from_o arianism_n for_o the_o same_o glorious_a athanasius_n present_a in_o that_o council_n faith_n that_o among_o more_o than_o 300_o bishop_n assemble_v there_o which_o free_v he_o and_o profess_v the_o nicen_n faith_n the_o bishop_n from_o the_o province_n of_o baittain_n be_v there_o and_o as_o the_o roman_a writer_n testify_v there_o be_v from_o the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o constantine_n and_o as_o many_o suppose_v before_o five_o province_n here_o in_o britain_n maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n valentia_n baittannia_fw-la prima_fw-la brittania_n secunda_fw-la flavia_n caesariensis_n so_o that_o if_o we_o shall_v allow_v but_o one_o bishop_n out_o of_o every_o of_o those_o province_n to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o sardyce_n council_n and_o there_o to_o have_v subscribe_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o britain_n their_o province_n or_o diocese_n we_o must_v grant_v five_o british_a bishop_n to_o have_v be_v there_o and_o supply_v this_o duty_n and_o office_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o britain_n that_o this_o our_o country_n of_o britain_n flourish_v after_o this_o with_o great_a number_n of_o worthy_a bishop_n no_o city_n then_o vacant_a here_o of_o such_o a_o pastor_n and_o rider_n we_o may_v gather_v from_o divers_a antiquity_n rom._n epist_n concilii_fw-la arimini_fw-la ad_fw-la const_n apud_fw-la socr._n l._n 2._o hist_o c._n 29._o soz_fw-fr hist_o eccl._n l._n 4._o c._n 16._o sever_v sulp_n sacra_fw-la hist_n l._n 2._o c._n 21._o lib._n notitia_fw-la epis_fw-la orb_n chr._n sive_fw-la cod._n provin_n rom._n as_o from_o the_o epistle_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o ariminum_n in_o italy_n not_o long_o after_o this_o time_n write_v to_o constantius_n the_o emperor_n where_o our_o bishop_n be_v present_a testify_v unto_o he_o that_o they_o be_v assemble_v there_o forth_o of_o all_o city_n towards_o the_o west_n most_o proper_o and_o significant_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o this_o kingdom_n most_o west_n from_o thence_o and_o the_o word_n all_o bishop_n out_o of_o the_o western_a city_n can_v carry_v any_o other_o true_a construction_n but_o our_o episcopal_a city_n in_o baittain_n be_v then_o so_o furnish_v and_o many_o or_o most_o of_o they_o present_a at_o that_o council_n this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o number_n of_o western_a bishop_n above_o 400_o as_o sozomen_n and_o other_o write_v assemble_v at_o ariminum_n beside_o 160_o from_o the_o east_n at_o the_o same_o time_n gather_v together_o at_o seleucia_n in_o isauria_n when_o it_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o old_a manuscript_n catalogue_n of_o bishop_n that_o britain_n and_o all_o the_o western_a nation_n present_a in_o the_o council_n of_o ariminum_n have_v not_o at_o that_o time_n many_o more_o than_o 400_o bishop_n therefore_o we_o must_v needs_o grant_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o all_o city_n as_o well_o of_o britain_n as_o other_o country_n of_o the_o west_n which_o have_v not_o excusable_a let_n and_o impediment_n be_v there_o present_a in_o such_o sense_n as_o the_o epistle_n of_o that_o council_n be_v cite_v and_o severus_n sulpitius_n be_v sufficient_a witness_n that_o this_o our_o britain_n in_o particular_a that_o it_o have_v many_o bishop_n there_o for_o relate_v the_o number_n to_o have_v be_v above_o 400_o out_o of_o the_o west_n and_o the_o emperor_n the_o better_a to_o incline_v they_o to_o the_o arian_n heresy_n as_o it_o seem_v command_v that_o provision_n shall_v be_v make_v for_o they_o at_o his_o cost_n but_o the_o bishop_n of_o france_n aquitaine_n and_o britain_n refuse_v it_o and_o rather_o make_v choice_n to_o live_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n than_o to_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o this_o refusal_n be_v general_a to_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o britain_n aquitaine_n and_o france_n except_o three_o only_a of_o britain_n which_o receive_v allowance_n from_o the_o emperor_n and_o refuse_v maintenance_n by_o the_o other_o bishop_n themselves_o be_v poor_a and_o the_o same_o author_n prove_v that_o our_o bishop_n be_v draw_v or_o force_v to_o come_v to_o that_o council_n by_o the_o officer_n of_o constantius_n