cause_n which_o be_v call_v the_o great_a bishop_n the_o judge_v of_o bishop_n for_o instance_n the_o deposition_n of_o bishop_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n who_o nevertheless_o judge_v not_o of_o they_o at_o rome_n but_o appoint_v judge_n in_o france_n and_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o delegate_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o bishop_n as_o some_o have_v pretend_v nor_o to_o choose_v the_o comprovincial_o of_o the_o bishop_n who_o be_v accuse_v it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o delegate_v in_o partibus_fw-la such_o commissioner_n as_o he_o please_v provide_v they_o be_v of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o accept_v by_o the_o king_n the_o ancient_a right_n of_o metropolitan_n and_o comprovincial_o be_v now_o out_o of_o doorsâ—_n and_o council_n be_v no_o more_o call_v for_o that_o effect_n the_o pope_n then_o do_v all_o nowadays_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o brief_n bull_n and_o rescript_n which_o never_o the_o less_o can_v be_v of_o force_n without_o the_o king_n permission_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o depose_v of_o bishop_n in_o france_n depend_v absolute_o on_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n the_o pope_n name_n commissioner_n to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o process_n and_o the_o king_n accept_v they_o i_o know_v a_o great_a many_o oppose_v that_o in_o france_n but_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o object_v law_n against_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o example_n when_o the_o question_n be_v about_o discipline_n i_o shall_v say_v nothing_o of_o ancient_a custom_n because_o i_o treat_v only_o here_o of_o what_o be_v practise_v at_o present_a have_v speak_v of_o the_o pope_n power_n in_o france_n france_n the_o power_n of_o legate_n in_o france_n in_o reference_n to_o beneficial_a matter_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o power_n of_o his_o legate_n and_o nuncio_n the_o power_n of_o legate_n which_o be_v call_v a_o latere_fw-la be_v very_o great_a because_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o pope_n ambassador_n and_o represent_v his_o person_n at_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n to_o who_o they_o be_v send_v about_o extraordinary_a affair_n their_o instruction_n be_v at_o length_n specify_v in_o the_o letter_n which_o the_o pope_n give_v they_o but_o they_o be_v not_o put_v in_o execution_n until_o the_o king_n have_v approve_v the_o legation_n and_o beside_o the_o king_n officer_n do_v not_o register_n the_o aforesaid_a letter_n of_o legation_n but_o with_o the_o modification_n and_o restriction_n that_o be_v add_v to_o they_o according_a to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o legate_n than_o have_v almost_o the_o same_o power_n in_o all_o that_o concern_v benefice_n as_o the_o pope_n who_o they_o represent_v have_v and_o therefore_o they_o be_v very_o troublesome_a to_o the_o ordinary_a collator_n during_o the_o time_n of_o their_o legation_n which_o last_v as_o long_o as_o the_o king_n please_v there_o be_v nevertheless_o some_o thing_n which_o they_o can_v perform_v without_o special_a order_n from_o the_o pope_n such_o as_o be_v the_o translation_n of_o bishop_n nor_o can_v they_o receive_v resignation_n in_o favorem_fw-la unless_o that_o be_v express_o mention_v in_o their_o instruction_n and_o not_o limit_v or_o abrogate_a in_o the_o restriction_n that_o have_v be_v make_v of_o they_o and_o therefore_o in_o that_o case_n the_o bull_n of_o their_o legation_n and_o the_o verification_n of_o they_o in_o parliament_n must_v be_v consult_v mr_n doujat_n have_v print_v some_o of_o they_o in_o his_o collection_n and_o among_o other_o that_o of_o cardinal_n chigi_n which_o may_v inform_v we_o of_o their_o power_n in_o france_n where_o they_o exercise_v both_o the_o one_o and_o other_o jurisdiction_n that_o be_v to_o say_v both_o the_o voluntary_a &_o the_o contentious_a but_o still_o in_o quality_n of_o the_o pope_n delegate_n &_o therefore_o their_o jurisdiction_n cease_v if_o the_o pope_n happen_v to_o die_v during_o their_o legation_n beside_o these_o legate_n a_o latere_fw-la who_o be_v but_o rare_o seâ—â—_n into_o france_n there_o be_v another_o legate_n à _fw-fr latere_fw-la at_o avignon_n who_o exercise_v his_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o city_n of_o avignon_n and_o county_n of_o venisse_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o vienne_n arles_n embrun_n aix_n and_o narbonne_n that_o jurisdiction_n be_v common_o give_v to_o a_o cardinal_n who_o have_v a_o subdelegat_a or_o vicelegate_n who_o discharge_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o nunioes_n in_o france_n france_n the_o power_n of_o nuncio_n in_o france_n they_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n they_o be_v look_v upon_o rather_o as_o the_o pope_n envoy_n for_o civil_a matter_n than_o as_o churchman_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n introduce_v which_o have_v be_v many_o time_n and_o on_o several_a occasion_n condemn_v to_o wit_n that_o the_o pope_n nuncio_n in_o france_n receive_v attestation_n de_fw-la vita_fw-la &_o moribus_fw-la whereby_o he_o take_v information_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o who_o be_v nominate_v by_o the_o king_n to_o consistorial_n benefice_n but_o that_o be_v a_o abuse_n introduce_v by_o the_o very_a same_o person_n that_o have_v be_v nominate_v by_o the_o king_n for_o fear_v that_o their_o bull_n may_v not_o be_v expede_v at_o rome_n they_o cause_v a_o attestation_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la &_o moribus_fw-la to_o be_v make_v before_o the_o nuncio_n whereas_o that_o attestation_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o person_n name_v to_o benefice_n reside_v afterward_o they_o may_v be_v recommend_v to_o the_o nuncio_n as_o the_o pope_n minister_n in_o france_n which_o be_v sometime_o practise_v even_o by_o the_o king_n order_n but_o private_a person_n have_v have_v their_o recourse_n to_o the_o nuncio_n for_o their_o security_n and_o that_o custom_n be_v observe_v at_o present_a notwithstanding_o all_o the_o remonstrance_n that_o have_v be_v make_v to_o hinder_v that_o jurisdiction_n of_o nuncio_n in_o france_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o cardinal_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n cardinal_n of_o cardinal_n and_o of_o their_o privilege_n but_o see_v these_o privilege_n respect_v their_o private_a person_n rather_o than_o the_o right_n of_o other_o that_o article_n may_v be_v omit_v nor_o shall_v we_o touch_v at_o it_o but_o by_o the_o by_o the_o name_n of_o cardinal_n do_v not_o in_o the_o beginning_n signify_v a_o particular_a dignity_n as_o it_o do_v at_o present_a but_o only_o denote_v the_o difference_n of_o church_n and_o employment_n for_o instance_n the_o canon_n of_o cathedral_n church_n be_v for_o most_o part_n call_v cardinal_n in_o italy_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o ecclesiastic_n of_o other_o inferior_a church_n the_o same_o name_n be_v also_o give_v to_o priest_n deacon_n and_o even_o to_o subdeacons_n when_o there_o be_v occasion_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o low_a clergy_n but_o it_o be_v a_o title_n much_o inferior_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o therefore_o when_o one_o be_v make_v a_o bishop_n he_o retain_v no_o long_o the_o title_n of_o cardinal_n matter_n be_v at_o present_a much_o alter_v the_o dignity_n of_o cardinal_n now_o a_o day_n be_v the_o next_o to_o the_o papacy_n and_o they_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o pope_n as_o senator_n or_o councillor_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o he_o that_o preside_v in_o the_o senate_n nevertheless_o since_o the_o papacy_n be_v become_v monarchical_a the_o pope_n take_v their_o advice_n mere_o for_o ceremony_n but_o act_n according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n he_o make_v use_v still_o of_o these_o term_n de_fw-fr consilio_fw-la fratrum_fw-la but_o it_o be_v most_o common_o to_o secure_v his_o relation_n after_o his_o death_n especial_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o apostolic_a chamber_n which_o the_o pope_n dispose_n of_o too_o absolute_o the_o cardinal_n not_o dare_v to_o oppose_v they_o that_o which_o render_v the_o cardinal_n more_o considerable_a than_o all_o other_o churchman_n be_v that_o they_o choose_v the_o pope_n and_o may_v themselves_o be_v choose_v they_o have_v step_v into_o the_o right_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a clergy_n to_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o choose_v their_o bishop_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v observe_v in_o other_o church_n now_o since_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v much_o augment_v by_o the_o new_a canon_n law_n the_o dignity_n of_o the_o cardinal_n also_o who_o be_v his_o councillor_n be_v become_v great_a and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v honour_v according_a to_o their_o dignity_n they_o have_v many_o privilege_n grant_v they_o which_o exempt_v they_o from_o the_o common_a law_n and_o custom_n they_o have_v six_o whole_a month_n for_o bestow_v benefice_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o collator_n without_o any_o fear_n of_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o pope_n who_o have_v in_o their_o favour_n dispense_v with_o his_o right_n
to_o say_v pay_v the_o physician_n now_o see_v the_o priesthood_n be_v a_o real_a employment_n and_o divine_a function_n st._n paul_n have_v reason_n to_o give_v it_o the_o title_n of_o honour_n which_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o state_n the_o church_n have_v not_o only_o imitate_v the_o synagogue_n in_o the_o way_n of_o distribute_v its_o charity_n but_o also_o church_n the_o original_a of_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o church_n have_v follow_v the_o discipline_n observe_v among_o the_o jew_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o minister_n the_o synagogue_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o ruler_n of_o the_o synagogue_n which_o the_o hellenist_n jew_n call_v archisynagogus_a priest_n or_o elder_n and_o deacon_n and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o apostle_n establish_v in_o christian_a assembly_n those_o three_o sort_n of_o minister_n under_o the_o name_n of_o bishop_n priest_n and_o deacon_n the_o bishop_n in_o these_o assembly_n have_v the_o same_o honour_n as_o the_o ruler_n of_o the_o synagogue_n among_o the_o jew_n have_v in_o their_o synagogue_n the_o superiority_n of_o the_o ruler_n of_o the_o synagogue_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o priest_n or_o elder_n consist_v only_o in_o some_o title_n of_o honour_n as_o be_v the_o chief_a among_o their_o brethren_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v all_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o priest_n or_o elder_n in_o the_o hundred_o and_o seven_o psalm_n where_o we_o have_v these_o word_n 107.32_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d psal_n 107.32_o let_v they_o also_o exalt_v he_o in_o the_o congregation_n of_o the_o people_n and_o praise_v he_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o elder_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o their_o meeting_n so_o we_o find_v in_o the_o new_a testament_n that_o the_o name_n of_o priest_n and_o bishop_n be_v indifferent_o take_v the_o one_o for_o the_o other_o and_o that_o assembly_n or_o council_n of_o the_o elder_n which_o be_v call_v presbyterium_fw-la consist_v of_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o priest_n or_o elder_n the_o bishop_n or_o precedent_n as_o the_o ancient_a father_n speak_v have_v indeed_o the_o chief_a direction_n or_o superintendency_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v call_v bishop_n which_o word_n be_v also_o find_v in_o the_o greek_a of_o the_o septuagint_n or_o hellenist_n but_o he_o make_v up_o but_o one_o body_n with_o the_o elder_n or_o priest_n who_o in_o quality_n of_o judge_n have_v their_o jurisdiction_n joint_o with_o he_o hence_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o church_n the_o management_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v now_o call_v episcopal_a do_v not_o depend_v on_o the_o bishop_n alone_o no_o more_o than_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o offering_n but_o on_o the_o whole_a senate_n or_o assembly_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o this_o continue_a so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v but_o one_o church_n in_o every_o city_n one_o altar_n and_o one_o consistory_n of_o priest_n join_v to_o their_o bishop_n because_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a then_o for_o the_o bishop_n to_o become_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a jurisdiction_n and_o administration_n of_o the_o revenue_n but_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o church_n bishop_n the_o original_a of_o the_o great_a authority_n of_o bishop_n there_o be_v some_o cause_n to_o fear_n lest_o those_o who_o govern_v the_o new_a church_n may_v attribute_v to_o themselves_o the_o quality_n of_o bishop_n find_v themselves_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o particular_a church_n and_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n begin_v to_o take_v to_o themselves_o authority_n over_o they_o for_o which_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o appoint_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v but_o one_o bishop_n in_o every_o city_n on_o who_o the_o elder_n or_o priest_n shall_v depend_v who_o be_v to_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o government_n of_o the_o new_a erect_a church_n which_o be_v call_v title_n st._n i_o strong_o maintain_v this_o opinion_n in_o his_o commentary_n on_o the_o epistle_n of_o st._n paul_n to_o titus_n where_o he_o affirm_v that_o before_o this_o division_n each_o church_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o priest_n but_o that_o for_o avoid_v all_o occasion_n of_o schism_n one_o of_o these_o priest_n or_o elder_n be_v choose_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o care_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n he_o pretend_v that_o the_o name_n of_o priest_n and_o bishop_n do_v not_o at_o all_o differ_v in_o the_o beginning_n and_o that_o therefore_o st._n paul_n make_v use_v of_o they_o indifferent_o then_o he_o subjoin_v tit._n subjoin_v episcopi_fw-la noverint_fw-la se_fw-la magis_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la quam_fw-la dispositionis_fw-la dominicae_fw-la veritate_fw-la presbyteris_fw-la esse_fw-la majores_fw-la hieron_n come_v in_o epâ—st_n ad_fw-la tit._n that_o it_o be_v only_a custom_n which_o have_v make_v bishop_n great_a than_o priest_n and_o this_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n paul_n who_o write_v to_o the_o church_n under_o the_o name_n of_o elder_n comprehend_v both_o bishop_n and_o priest_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v however_o that_o the_o church_n be_v increase_v have_v borrow_v many_o term_n and_o point_n of_o government_n from_o the_o republic_n of_o greece_n and_o that_o when_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o erect_v diocese_n it_o have_v in_o that_o follow_v the_o distinction_n of_o province_n according_a as_o they_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o empire_n commencement_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n in_o its_o commencement_n the_o church_n which_o in_o its_o commencement_n allow_v much_o to_o the_o people_n grow_v afterward_o more_o aristocratical_a in_o its_o government_n when_o by_o experience_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n serve_v only_o to_o confound_v and_o perplex_v affair_n and_o then_o the_o polity_n of_o aristocratick_a republic_n come_v in_o vogue_n nay_o we_o find_v in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o the_o apostle_n two_o sort_n of_o assembly_n as_o well_o as_o in_o republic_n the_o one_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o chief_a among_o the_o believer_n and_o be_v call_v ecclesia_fw-la the_o other_o admit_v all_o indifferent_o and_o that_o the_o republic_n of_o asia_n name_v agoraia_n which_o they_o have_v always_o distinguish_v from_o the_o assembly_n that_o they_o name_v ecclesia_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o name_n of_o ecclesia_fw-la or_o church_n have_v still_o be_v give_v to_o christian_a congregation_n and_o constant_o retain_v by_o the_o greek_n who_o make_v the_o first_o ecclesiastical_a law_n from_o whence_o it_o have_v be_v derive_v to_o the_o latin_n who_o be_v indebt_v to_o the_o greek_n for_o all_o the_o ecclesiastical_a polity_n that_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o first_o age_n in_o this_o sense_n we_o ought_v to_o interpret_v the_o word_n of_o celsum_fw-la of_o origen_n contra_fw-la celsum_fw-la origen_n concern_v the_o form_n of_o church-government_n which_o he_o explain_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o greek_a republic_n the_o athenian_n for_o instance_n call_v those_o bishop_n to_o who_o they_o commit_v the_o care_n of_o the_o town_n that_o depend_v on_o their_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v long_o before_o the_o church_n own_v any_o other_o name_n but_o that_o of_o bishop_n to_o distinguish_v he_o who_o have_v the_o principal_a administration_n nay_o when_o it_o be_v even_o necessary_a to_o denote_v a_o bishop_n who_o have_v jurisdiction_n over_o other_o she_o call_v those_o bishop_n apost_n bishop_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d can._n 33_o apost_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o a_o nation_n or_o make_v use_v of_o some_o other_o expression_n without_o invent_v new_a word_n we_o find_v nevertheless_o the_o name_n of_o metropolitan_a in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a but_o the_o greek_n who_o language_n be_v fruitful_a in_o new_a word_n invent_v a_o great_a many_o to_o express_v the_o different_a office_n of_o the_o ecclesiastic_a state_n which_o be_v not_o so_o soon_o bring_v into_o use_n in_o the_o latin_a church_n the_o name_n of_o archbishop_n primate_n and_o patriarch_n be_v but_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o external_n jurisdiction_n whereas_o the_o quality_n of_o bishop_n and_o that_o also_o of_o elder_a or_o priest_n priest_n the_o original_a of_o the_o ordination_n of_o bishop_n and_o priest_n be_v a_o character_n that_o mark_v the_o ordination_n which_o the_o apostle_n borrow_v from_o the_o synagogue_n that_o choose_v its_o minister_n by_o the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n in_o that_o manner_n moses_n lay_v his_o hand_n on_o joshua_n and_o the_o other_o elder_n who_o be_v present_o fill_v with_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o if_o we_o will_v credit_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o rabbi_n the_o power_n of_o impose_v of_o hand_n belong_v not_o only_o to_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o sanhedrim_n but_o also_o to_o the_o other_o elder_n which_o seem_v likewise_o to_o be_v confirm_v by_o st._n jerom_n evagr_n jerom_n hier._n in_o episi_n ad_fw-la
that_o so_o the_o bishop_n may_v apply_v themselves_o entire_o to_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o office_n these_o steward_n be_v likewise_o necessary_a for_o preserve_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n which_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o church_n man_n do_v not_o employ_v according_a to_o the_o canon_n but_o because_o they_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o bishop_n they_o relapse_v again_o into_o the_o same_o abuse_n &_o the_o poor_a have_v cause_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o same_o bishop_n who_o give_v they_o but_o a_o very_a inconsiderable_a share_n of_o the_o good_n that_o be_v destine_v for_o their_o use_n upon_o all_o these_o account_v the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n decree_v that_o for_o the_o future_a the_o steward_n shall_v be_v choose_v from_o among_o the_o clergy_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v no_o long_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o bishop_n themselves_o to_o administer_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n that_o office_n become_v so_o considerable_a in_o the_o church_n of_o constantinople_n that_o the_o emperor_n take_v from_o the_o clergy_n the_o nomination_n of_o the_o steward_n and_o appoint_v they_o themselves_o and_o this_o last_v until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n isaac_n comnenus_n who_o remit_v that_o right_n to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o patriarch_n the_o power_n of_o steward_n be_v not_o so_o great_a in_o the_o western_a church_n east_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o western_a church_n diâ—â—ers_v from_o that_o of_o the_o east_n as_o in_o the_o eastern_a for_o see_v the_o bishop_n and_o other_o ecclesiastic_n do_v not_o according_a to_o equity_n distribute_v the_o church_n revenue_n and_o that_o beside_o the_o church_n be_v mean_o endow_v there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o make_v a_o particular_a designation_n of_o the_o use_n to_o which_o these_o rent_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v and_o that_o be_v adjust_v in_o this_o manner_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o bishop_n with_o consent_n of_o his_o clergy_n shall_v divide_v the_o whole_a revenue_n of_o his_o church_n into_o four_o part_n of_o which_o the_o first_o shall_v be_v for_o himself_o the_o second_o give_v to_o the_o churchman_n the_o three_o to_o the_o poor_a and_o the_o four_o and_o last_o apply_v to_o the_o fabric_n of_o the_o church_n 23._o church_n gratian_n cause_n 12._o qâ—â—â—_n 2._o cap._n 23._o gratian_n relate_v a_o letter_n of_o pope_n zosimus_n direct_v to_o a_o archdeacon_n where_o that_o distribution_n be_v mention_v but_o without_o permit_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v dismember_v as_o some_o church_n man_n pretend_v who_o will_v have_v have_v land_n assign_v they_o for_o their_o portion_n st._n gregory_n answer_v some_o question_n that_o be_v put_v to_o he_o by_o austin_n the_o english_a bishop_n confirm_v that_o dividend_n pope_n st._n greg._n pope_n which_o have_v be_v already_o approve_v by_o several_a other_o pope_n and_o withal_o appoint_v that_o the_o bishop_n portion_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v for_o himself_o but_o for_o as_o many_o as_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o retinue_n and_o for_o maintain_v hospitality_n the_o bishop_n wrangle_v with_o their_o clergy_n about_o that_o distribution_n pretend_v that_o they_o have_v no_o right_n to_o the_o new_a acquisition_n of_o the_o church_n church_n a_o dispute_n about_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n but_o the_o same_o pope_n st._n gregory_n adjust_v the_o matter_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o priest_n pretend_v far_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v two_o part_n of_o the_o share_n that_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o clergy_n and_o that_o the_o other_o churchman_n ought_v to_o have_v but_o a_o three_o of_o the_o same_o that_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o bishop_n who_o be_v to_o give_v to_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o merit_n and_o pain_n nevertheless_o st._n gregory_n who_o in_o that_o follow_v a_o law_n establish_v in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o west_n write_v to_o austin_n concern_v the_o discipline_n that_o he_o be_v to_o observe_v in_o england_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o be_v more_o convenient_a to_o persist_v in_o the_o community_n of_o good_n in_o the_o church_n of_o england_n than_o to_o introduce_v into_o it_o those_o kind_n of_o dividend_n and_o indeed_o it_o will_v appear_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n that_o the_o divide_v of_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o most_o of_o the_o disorder_n that_o have_v happen_v in_o the_o church_n and_o i_o dare_v bold_o affirm_v that_o the_o thing_n that_o have_v preserve_v a_o great_a purity_n of_o the_o ancient_a discipline_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n have_v be_v chief_o that_o the_o oriental_n never_o make_v any_o such_o partition_n none_o but_o the_o western_a church_n have_v put_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o church_n into_o title_n and_o live_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o private_a person_n be_v the_o absolute_a master_n of_o those_o estate_n the_o barbarous_a prince_n church_n a_o change_n of_o discipline_n in_o the_o church_n who_o seize_v part_n of_o the_o empire_n bring_v great_a change_n into_o the_o church_n and_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o canon_n be_v only_o preserve_v in_o the_o east_n the_o greek_n nevertheless_o have_v sometime_o remit_v certain_a ecclesiastical_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o their_o prince_n but_o that_o be_v nothing_o if_o compare_v with_o what_o have_v be_v do_v under_o the_o barbarous_a prince_n in_o the_o west_n the_o steward_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v steward_n the_o office_n of_o the_o steward_n take_v upon_o they_o not_o only_o the_o care_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n by_o order_n of_o the_o bishop_n but_o also_o preserve_v they_o during_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o see_v and_o distribute_v they_o among_o those_o to_o who_o by_o right_a and_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n they_o belong_v but_o because_o most_o part_n of_o the_o churchman_n have_v estate_n of_o their_o own_o either_o by_o inheritance_n or_o purchase_n that_o they_o have_v make_v there_o arise_v great_a difficulty_n upon_o their_o death_n about_o the_o distinguish_n of_o those_o estate_n some_o there_o be_v that_o pretend_a that_o those_o who_o live_v on_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n can_v not_o in_o conscience_n retain_v their_o own_o inheritance_n st._n jerom_n who_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n jerom._n st._n jerom._n be_v positive_a that_o the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n be_v design_v for_o the_o poor_a which_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o edict_n of_o constantine_n that_o prohibit_v the_o rich_a to_o enter_v into_o any_o office_n of_o the_o church_n estate_n whether_o churchman_n can_v keep_v their_o own_o estate_n though_o he_o do_v it_o upon_o politic_a reason_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o state_n most_o of_o the_o other_o father_n be_v also_o of_o st._n jeroms_n mind_n austin_n st._n austin_n and_o st._n austin_n admit_v no_o clerk_n into_o his_o church_n till_o first_o he_o have_v dispose_v of_o all_o his_o good_n either_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o poor_a or_o by_o sale_n he_o be_v for_o have_v all_o clerk_n real_o poor_a in_o imitation_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o for_o live_v altogether_o in_o common_a upon_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o do_v not_o require_v that_o of_o they_o but_o as_o a_o great_a perfection_n and_o that_o he_o never_o think_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o enter_v into_o order_n and_o enjoy_v the_o allowance_n of_o the_o church_n that_o one_o must_v possess_v nothing_o at_o all_o otherwise_o he_o must_v have_v go_v against_o the_o ancient_a canon_n which_o leave_v churchman_n at_o liberty_n to_o dispose_v of_o their_o own_o estate_n as_o they_o please_v it_o be_v true_a these_o canon_n be_v make_v in_o the_o eastern_a church_n where_o most_o of_o the_o bishop_n have_v be_v marry_v before_o their_o election_n have_v wife_n and_o child_n to_o provide_v for_o and_o where_o priest_n and_o deacon_n may_v marry_v if_o they_o please_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a to_o take_v their_o estate_n from_o they_o beside_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v that_o when_o these_o canon_n be_v make_v church_n be_v but_o â—oor_a nay_o and_o some_o time_n after_o constantine_n no_o church_n but_o those_o of_o great_a city_n be_v rich._n however_o these_o ancient_a canon_n of_o the_o eastern_a church_n be_v 3._o be_v caus_n 12._o quaest_n 3._o renew_v in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o west_n though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o do_v it_o churchman_n be_v only_o prohibit_v to_o bequeath_v by_o will_n the_o good_n which_o they_o have_v get_v in_o their_o live_n because_o believer_n do_v not_o give_v to_o church_n only_o to_o enrich_v the_o churchman_n if_o it_o happen_v nevertheless_o that_o the_o bishop_n die_v without_o make_v a_o will_n and_o have_v no_o heir_n
the_o tithe_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n altar_n a_o distinction_n betwixt_o the_o church_n and_o the_o altar_n which_o they_o possess_v but_o most_o of_o these_o restitution_n be_v only_o make_v to_o cathedral_n church_n and_o monastery_n though_o the_o good_n belong_v to_o private_a church_n now_o see_v the_o church_n at_o that_o time_n be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o altar_n monastery_n retain_v the_o church_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o land_n tithe_n and_o other_o revenue_n but_o because_o the_o right_n of_o provide_v these_o altar_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n it_o behove_v the_o monk_n to_o obtain_v from_o they_o that_o which_o be_v call_v 〈…〉_o call_v 〈…〉_o the_o redemption_n of_o altar_n godefroi_n of_o vendome_n and_o other_o author_n of_o the_o same_o age_n make_v mention_n of_o that_o right_n beside_o the_o council_n of_o clairmont_n ordain_v that_o the_o altar_n which_o have_v be_v give_v to_o chapter_n or_o monastery_n by_o the_o vicar_n who_o they_o call_v parâ—ons_n shall_v return_v to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o bishop_n unless_o the_o bishop_n have_v confirm_v in_o write_v the_o donation_n make_v to_o the_o chapter_n and_o monastery_n to_o obtain_v this_o confirmation_n from_o the_o bishop_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v require_v and_o this_o abuse_n cause_v another_o for_o private_a man_n will_v alse_o have_v church_n of_o which_o they_o receiveâ—_n the_o profit_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o canonâ—_n and_o monk_n and_o have_v the_o cure_n supply_v by_o vicar_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o they_o who_o be_v provide_v with_o such_o altar_n shall_v be_v priest_n see_v they_o substitute_v vicar_n in_o their_o place_n john_n oâ—_n salisbury_n condemn_v that_o abuse_n emolumenta_fw-la abuse_n nolunt_fw-la sacerdotio_fw-la enerari_fw-la of_o it_o servire_fw-la a_o 〈…〉_o de_fw-fr altario_fw-la vivunt_fw-la sed_fw-la personatus_fw-la qiosdam_fw-la introduxerunt_fw-la quorum_fw-la jure_fw-la ad_fw-la alium_fw-la overa_fw-it ad_fw-la alium_fw-la reseruntur_fw-la emolumenta_fw-la and_o can_v endure_v that_o those_o that_o do_v noâ—_n wait_v at_o the_o altar_n shall_v partake_v with_o the_o altar_n apply_v to_o themselves_o the_o revenue_n of_o church_n without_o render_v any_o service_n to_o the_o same_o church_n yvel_o bishop_n of_o chartres_n complain_v likewise_o of_o that_o corruption_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o pope_n vrban_n ii_o wherein_o he_o lay_v open_v the_o baâ—_n custom_n that_o be_v in_o france_n in_o respect_n of_o such_o personage_n which_o have_v be_v authorise_v by_o the_o bishop_n his_o predecessor_n qui_fw-la altari_fw-la non_fw-la serviunt_fw-la say_v he_o de_fw-fr altari_fw-la vivunt_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la sacrilegio_fw-la cum_fw-la eos_fw-la absterrere_fw-la velim_fw-la monedo_fw-la increpando_fw-la excommunicando_fw-la altaria_fw-la à _fw-la i_o redimere_fw-la volunt_fw-la sub_fw-la nomine_fw-la personae_fw-la sicut_fw-la a_o predecessoribus_fw-la meis_fw-la ex_fw-la prava_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la redemerunt_fw-la pope_n vrban_n indeed_o condemn_v that_o abuse_n in_o a_o council_n hold_v at_o clairmont_n to_o hinder_v the_o simony_n that_o bishop_n commit_v in_o sell_v altar_n but_o it_o seem_v that_o they_o who_o have_v buy_v they_o from_o the_o bishop_n gain_v by_o their_o simony_n for_o it_o be_v decree_v in_o that_o council_n that_o such_o as_o have_v for_o the_o space_n of_o thirty_o year_n enjoy_v these_o altar_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v for_o the_o future_a and_o that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v exact_v no_o more_o from_o they_o but_o the_o due_a which_o they_o call_v redemptio_fw-la altarium_fw-la pope_n pascal_n successor_n to_o vrban_n confirm_v the_o same_o decree_n in_o one_o of_o his_o epistle_n to_o yves_n bishop_n of_o chartres_n and_o ranulphus_fw-la bishop_n of_o xantes_n wherein_o he_o speak_v to_o they_o in_o these_o term_n ipsi_fw-la arvernensi_fw-la concilio_fw-la adfuistis_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la praesidente_fw-la praedecessore_fw-la nostro_fw-la bonae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la papâ_fw-la vrbano_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la galliarum_n episcopis_fw-la decretum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la altaria_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la annis_fw-la triginta_fw-la sub_fw-la vicariorum_fw-la redemptione_n monasteria_fw-la possedisse_fw-la noscuntur_fw-la quietè_fw-la deinceps_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la molestiâ_fw-la qualibet_fw-la monasteriis_fw-la ipsis_fw-la firma_fw-la permaneant_fw-la in_o this_o manner_n do_v monastery_n and_o chapter_n who_o be_v also_o comprehend_v in_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o clairmont_n retain_v to_o perpetuity_n several_a altar_n which_o do_v not_o all_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o they_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n exempt_v from_o pay_v to_o the_o bishop_n the_o usual_a due_n that_o be_v pay_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o vicar_n for_o obtain_v liberty_n to_o put_v other_o vicar_n in_o their_o place_n it_o have_v be_v i_o think_v more_o convenient_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o ancient_a canon_n to_o have_v leave_v the_o power_n of_o provide_v for_o altar_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o to_o prove_v that_o that_o right_o belong_v to_o they_o when_o laic_n be_v force_v to_o restore_v to_o the_o church_n the_o tithe_n and_o other_o church_n revenue_n which_o they_o possess_v it_o be_v decree_v in_o the_o council_n of_o melfi_n under_o pope_n vrlan_n ii_o that_o no_o laic_a shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o give_v to_o monastery_n or_o chapter_n tithe_n church_n or_o other_o ecclesiastical_a right_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o pope_n but_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o bishop_n abuse_v their_o power_n and_o permit_v chapter_n and_o monastery_n to_o receive_v these_o right_n from_o laic_n on_o condition_n of_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o bishop_n for_o grant_v liberty_n of_o establish_v priest_n or_o vicar_n who_o may_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o spiritual_a care_n of_o church_n these_o decree_n of_o the_o pope_n that_o be_v back_v with_o excommunication_n frighten_v many_o laic_n who_o instead_o of_o restore_v the_o church_n revenue_n to_o private_a church_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v restore_v they_o to_o chapter_n and_o monastery_n with_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o layman_n like_v it_o much_o better_a to_o restore_v the_o tithe_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n to_o chapter_n and_o monastery_n from_o who_o they_o get_v money_n than_o to_o private_a church_n which_o have_v none_o to_o give_v and_o therefore_o council_n decree_v that_o these_o restitution_n shall_v not_o be_v make_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v all_o compact_n or_o agreement_n betwixt_o laic_n and_o ecclesiastical_a community_n there_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o great_a many_o laic_n whâ—â—_n be_v not_o startle_v at_o the_o excommunication_n of_o gregory_n vii_o and_o other_o succeed_a pope_n but_o notwithstanding_o they_o keep_v still_o the_o tithe_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a revenue_n they_o do_v more_o for_o they_o institute_v priest_n to_o take_v care_n oâ—_n soul_n without_o expect_v the_o institution_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o that_o be_v thâ—â—_n cause_n why_o the_o council_n of_o lateran_n under_o alexander_n iii_o decree_v 14._o decree_v con._n late_a iii_o cap._n 14._o thâ—â—_n clerk_n or_o priest_n that_o shall_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o government_n of_o church_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o laic_n without_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o place_n shall_v 〈◊〉_d excommunicate_v and_o that_o if_o they_o persist_v they_o shall_v be_v depose_v from_o their_o ministry_n nevertheless_o the_o pope_n suffer_v layman_n still_o to_o enjoy_v the_o tither_n of_o church_n whereof_o they_o be_v in_o possession_n but_o they_o grant_v chapter_n and_o monastery_n privilege_n to_o geâ—_n they_o out_o of_o their_o hand_n even_o when_o the_o bishop_n will_v not_o consent_v to_o itâ—_n these_o kind_n of_o privilege_n which_o be_v easy_o obtain_v from_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n bring_v in_o great_a revenue_n to_o chapter_n and_o monastery_n who_o put_v secular_a priest_n into_o the_o government_n of_o church_n allow_v they_o such_o moderate_a stipend_n that_o the_o pope_n be_v oblige_v to_o condemn_v that_o avarice_n of_o the_o canon_n and_o monk_n who_o deny_v priest_n even_o a_o necessary_a subsistence_n the_o vast_a rent_n that_o monastery_n enjoy_v give_v umbrage_n to_o the_o bishop_n canon_n and_o to_o prince_n themselves_o to_o who_o it_o be_v represent_v that_o most_o part_n of_o these_o revenue_n ought_v rather_o to_o belong_v to_o secular_a priest_n who_o serve_v the_o cure_n than_o to_o monk_n who_o by_o their_o profession_n be_v exclude_v from_o all_o ecclesiastical_a function_n but_o see_v the_o monk_n have_v take_v advantage_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o secular_a priest_n and_o that_o the_o government_n of_o most_o church_n be_v commit_v to_o they_o it_o be_v a_o difficult_a task_n to_o turn_v they_o out_o and_o to_o re-establish_a secular_a priest_n in_o church_n and_o therefore_o there_o happen_v great_a contest_v betwixt_o the_o canon_n and_o monk_n especial_o in_o england_n where_o the_o monk_n have_v deprive_v the_o
by_o they_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o that_o work_n be_v only_o compile_v for_o establish_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o overturning_a the_o ancient_n law_n and_o the_o satyr_n that_o be_v make_v against_o the_o decretal_n run_v still_o in_o their_o mind_n especial_o this_o proverb_n which_o be_v heretofore_o so_o common_a depuis_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr decret_a print_n ale_n et_fw-la gend_z arm_n porterent_fw-la malles_fw-la moins_fw-fr allerent_fw-la à _fw-fr cheval_fw-fr jamais_fw-fr le_fw-fr monde_fw-fr n'eut_fw-fr que_fw-fr mal_fw-fr since_o the_o decree_n be_v piece_v with_o tale_n and_o soldier_n put_v on_o coat_n of_o male_n since_o lazy_a monk_n have_v mount_v pad_n the_o world_n be_v be_v plague_v with_o all_o that_o be_v bad_a but_o after_o all_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o common_a practice_n the_o decretal_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o decree_n see_v most_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n which_o now_o be_v in_o use_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o decretal_n and_o not_o from_o the_o collection_n of_o gratian._n nor_o be_v the_o six_o book_n of_o decretal_n to_o be_v slight_v which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o sext_n though_o it_o be_v compile_v 1298._o compile_v ann._n 1298._o by_o the_o order_n of_o pope_n boniface_n viii_o a_o enemy_n of_o the_o french_a because_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o constitution_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o that_o collection_n have_v be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n and_o be_v observe_v in_o france_n beside_o the_o decretal_n which_o carry_v the_o title_n of_o clementine_n because_o that_o collection_n be_v attribute_v to_o pope_n clement_n v._o have_v be_v for_o most_o part_n take_v out_o of_o the_o council_n of_o vienne_n where_o the_o ambassador_n of_o france_n be_v present_a the_o other_o decretal_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o extravagant_n of_o john_n xxii_o and_o the_o common_a extravigant_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v so_o great_a authority_n in_o france_n as_o the_o former_a decretal_n neither_o do_v i_o think_v that_o all_o the_o new_a bull_n of_o which_o the_o bullary_n be_v compose_v be_v much_o esteem_v there_o because_o they_o have_v never_o be_v receive_v in_o france_n since_o the_o great_a clashing_n that_o happen_v betwixt_o boniface_n viii_o and_o philip_n the_o fair_a and_o betwixt_o julius_n ii_o and_o lovis_n xii_o the_o french_a have_v be_v much_o more_o cautious_a in_o admit_v the_o bull_n of_o the_o pope_n than_o they_o be_v before_o the_o difference_n likewise_o that_o happen_v in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n in_o respect_n of_o france_n have_v be_v also_o the_o cause_n that_o the_o french_a suspect_v all_o that_o come_v from_o rome_n and_o that_o they_o submit_v not_o easy_o to_o its_o law_n and_o therefore_o the_o pope_n bulla_n be_v not_o receive_v till_o first_o they_o be_v examine_v and_o if_o it_o be_v necessary_a modify_v nay_o and_o many_o time_n they_o be_v not_o actual_o receive_v in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v but_o some_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o chancery_n receive_v in_o france_n these_o be_v now_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o the_o new_a law_n be_v found_v and_o which_o have_v be_v very_o much_o qualify_v in_o france_n the_o knowledge_n whereof_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o may_v understand_v what_o measure_n be_v at_o present_a to_o be_v take_v in_o beneficial_a matter_n though_o france_n have_v submit_v to_o the_o new_a law_n france_n the_o original_a of_o the_o liberty_n of_o france_n yet_o have_v it_o still_o retain_v somewhat_o of_o the_o ancient_a canon_n and_o when_o it_o have_v find_v the_o new_a law_n to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n it_o have_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o ancient_n and_o defend_v itself_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n and_o therefore_o they_o have_v give_v the_o name_n of_o privilege_n or_o liberty_n of_o the_o gallican_n church_n to_o that_o which_o be_v no_o more_o but_o the_o ancient_a canon_n law_n but_o which_o have_v be_v call_v privilege_n or_o liberty_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o new_a for_o instance_n when_o the_o french_a have_v be_v press_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o decretal_n they_o have_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o ancient_a law_n contain_v in_o the_o decree_n of_o gratian_n but_o since_o the_o collection_n of_o gratian_n authorise_v a_o great_a many_o false_a decretal_n of_o the_o first_o pope_n which_o have_v introduce_v a_o new_a law_n the_o french_a bishop_n have_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o more_o ancient_a compilation_n of_o canon_n when_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o decretal_n have_v be_v object_v to_o they_o nevertheless_o for_o all_o that_o france_n can_v do_v the_o pope_n law_n have_v at_o length_n prevail_v notwithstanding_o the_o pragmatic_o of_o the_o king_n who_o endeavour_v the_o re-establishment_n of_o the_o ancient_a canon_n the_o most_o ancient_a pragmatic_n of_o france_n be_v attribute_v 1268._o attribute_v ann._n 1268._o to_o st._n lovis_n but_o there_o be_v ground_n to_o doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v he_o or_o not_o though_o it_o seem_v no_o man_n have_v hitherto_o question_v it_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v of_o st._n lovis_n be_v because_o it_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n call_v lovis_n and_o that_o the_o date_n prove_v evident_o that_o it_o can_v be_v of_o no_o other_o lovis_n but_z lovis_z ix_o elias_n of_o bourdeille_n archbishop_n of_o tours_n who_o be_v afterward_o make_v a_o cardinal_n have_v mention_v all_o the_o article_n of_o that_o pragmatic_n in_o a_o write_n that_o he_o compose_v in_o the_o the_o time_n of_o lovis_n xi_o against_o the_o pragmatic_n sanction_n of_o france_n it_o be_v true_a he_o refute_v the_o pragmatic_n of_o st._n lovis_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v real_o the_o act_n of_o that_o prince_n but_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v doubt_v of_o it_o not_o dare_v absolute_o to_o affirm_v that_o he_o be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o but_o only_o pragmaticam_fw-la only_o adscribitur_fw-la ei_fw-la fecisse_fw-la pragmaticam_fw-la that_o it_o be_v ascribe_v to_o he_o the_o contemporary_a author_n who_o have_v write_v his_o life_n speak_v not_o a_o word_n of_o it_o the_o pope_n who_o have_v so_o vigorous_o oppose_v whatever_o they_o think_v contrary_a to_o their_o interest_n do_v not_o at_o that_o time_n complain_v of_o that_o pragmatic_n though_o it_o whole_o ruin_v their_o interest_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o in_o the_o 1438._o the_o ann._n 1438._o assembly_n of_o bourge_n where_o that_o famous_a pragmatic_n past_a no_o mention_n shall_v have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o pragmatic_n of_o st._n lovis_n if_o there_o have_v real_o be_v any_o such_o nothing_o can_v at_o that_o time_n have_v be_v of_o great_a force_n to_o authorise_v that_o aslemble_o there_o appear_v nothing_o more_o ancient_a in_o favour_n of_o the_o pragmatic_n of_o st._n lovis_n than_o the_o remonstrance_n make_v by_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n to_o king_n lovis_n xi_o and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o probability_n that_o it_o have_v be_v foist_v in_o about_o that_o time_n 1461._o time_n ann._n 1461._o because_o it_o be_v know_v that_o king_n lovis_n be_v then_o but_o dauphin_n be_v of_o intelligence_n with_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n for_o abrogate_a the_o pragmatic_n make_v at_o bourge_n and_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n omit_v nothing_o that_o can_v make_v for_o that_o pragmatic_n there_o be_v beside_o term_n somewhat_o extraordinary_a in_o the_o pragmatic_n attribute_v to_o st._n lovis_n these_o word_n ad_fw-la perpetuam_fw-la rei_fw-la memoriam_fw-la be_v not_o of_o the_o stile_n of_o ordinance_n nor_o do_v we_o find_v any_o where_o else_o that_o st_n lovis_n affect_v that_o way_n of_o speak_v that_o his_o crown_n depend_v of_o god_n alone_o neither_o be_v it_o at_o all_o proper_a for_o the_o affair_n that_o then_o be_v in_o agitation_n i_o can_v bring_v a_o great_a many_o other_o reason_n to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v ground_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o reality_n of_o that_o pragmatic_n but_o beside_o that_o that_o will_v lead_v i_o into_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a digression_n the_o canon_n law_n of_o france_n subsist_v not_o so_o much_o upon_o the_o pragmatic_n ascribe_v to_o st._n lovis_n as_o upon_o that_o of_o bourge_n and_o the_o concordat_fw-la which_o have_v derogate_a from_o several_a article_n thereof_o to_o know_v then_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o france_n in_o regard_n of_o beneficial_a matter_n law_n the_o rule_n of_o the_o french_a law_n we_o must_v not_o whole_o rely_v on_o the_o pope_n decretal_n but_o it_o be_v also_o necessary_a to_o know_v wherein_o the_o pragmatic_n concordat_fw-la the_o edict_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o sentence_n of_o supreme_a court_n differ_v from_o the_o law_n establish_v in_o the_o decretal_n beside_o see_v the_o
right_a of_o provide_v to_o it_o a_o second_o time_n so_o that_o in_o all_o these_o case_n devolution_n 〈◊〉_d no_o place_n and_o therefore_o the_o negligence_n or_o excess_n of_o ordinary_a collator_n can_v be_v supply_v by_o the_o pope_n see_v they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o their_o negligence_n or_o excess_n the_o pope_n on_o the_o contrary_a can_v give_v one_o and_o the_o same_o benefice_n to_o several_a person_n because_o his_o power_n be_v not_o smit_v as_o that_o of_o ordinary_n and_o his_o right_a can_v be_v devolve_v as_o not_o have_v any_o superior_a that_o right_n which_o pope_n enjoy_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o lawsuit_n all_o be_v welcome_a at_o rome_n for_o their_o money_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o one_o only_o can_v obtain_v the_o benefice_n though_o it_o have_v be_v grant_v to_o many_o farthermore_o curia_n benefice_n vacant_a in_o curia_n the_o pope_n confer_v the_o benefice_n of_o which_o the_o incumbent_n or_o titulary_n die_v in_o court_n that_o be_v within_o ten_o league_n of_o rome_n that_o right_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o reservation_n whereof_o pope_n clement_n iv_o be_v the_o author_n the_o constitution_n of_o that_o reservation_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o sext_n the_o chapter_n licet_fw-la in_o these_o word_n collationem_fw-la tamen_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la personatuum_fw-la dignitatum_fw-la &_o beneficiorum_fw-la apud_fw-la sedem_fw-la apostolicam_fw-la vacantium_fw-la specialius_fw-la caeteris_fw-la antiqua_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la romanis_n pontificibus_fw-la reservavit_fw-la but_o see_v these_o word_n ecclesiarum_fw-la &_o dignitatum_fw-la be_v general_a the_o author_n of_o the_o gloss_n upon_o the_o sext_n who_o be_v secretary_n to_o popâ—_n boniface_n viii_o pretend_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v not_o comprehend_v under_o that_o constitution_n bishopric_n and_o abbey_n and_o yet_o the_o concordat_fw-la which_o serve_v we_o for_o a_o rule_n comprehend_v under_o the_o benefice_n that_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n upon_o account_n of_o vacancy_n in_o curia_n both_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n master_n charles_n du_n moulin_n have_v be_v force_v to_o say_v moulin_n carol._n moulin_n that_o there_o have_v be_v surprise_n in_o the_o concordat_fw-la and_o in_o effect_n the_o sense_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o benefice_n vacant_a 〈◊〉_d curia_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v 〈◊〉_d explain_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o pope_n clement_a iu._n and_o bouâ—fiace_n viii_o who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o same_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o say_v that_o the_o king_n commissioner_n be_v surprise_v and_o over_o reach_v when_o they_o suffer_v that_o clause_n of_o the_o concordat_fw-la to_o pass_v for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o benefice_n which_o be_v provide_v by_o way_n of_o election_n be_v not_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o chapter_n licet_fw-la nor_o of_o the_o constitution_n de_fw-fr beneficiis_fw-la vacantibus_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o king_n have_v be_v surrogated_a in_o place_n of_o election_n and_o by_o consequent_a aught_o to_o enjoy_v all_o their_o right_n so_o that_o the_o benefice_n to_o which_o the_o king_n nominate_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o concordat_fw-la ought_v not_o to_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n when_o they_o be_v vacant_a in_o curia_fw-la and_o this_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n pretend_v at_o present_a in_o france_n and_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n have_v sufficient_o explain_v itself_o on_o that_o subject_a it_o will_v seem_v nevertheless_o that_o the_o king_n acknowledge_v that_o reservation_n of_o the_o pope_n especial_o when_o he_o give_v his_o grant_n to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o who_o may_v chance_v to_o die_v at_o court_n he_o grant_v they_o no_o benefice_n but_o on_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v obtain_v from_o the_o pope_n a_o brief_a de_fw-fr non_fw-fr vacaudo_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la and_o after_o that_o whether_o they_o obtain_v that_o brief_a or_o not_o the_o benefice_n to_o which_o they_o be_v provide_v can_v be_v reckon_v to_o become_v vacant_a in_o curia_n mounseur_fw-fr doujat_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v print_v the_o brief_a de_fw-fr non_fw-fr vacando_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la which_o pope_n clement_n ix_o 1667._o ix_o ann._n 1667._o grant_v to_o cardinal_n mancini_n for_o the_o abbey_n that_o he_o possess_v in_o france_n which_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o king_n in_o these_o term_n nos_n ne_fw-la praedicto_fw-la cardinale_n sorâ—â—_n apud_fw-la sedem_fw-la apostolicam_fw-la deeedente_fw-la majesâ—â—_n tâ—a_fw-la impediatur_fw-la quominus_fw-la ad_fw-la monasâ—â—ria_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la ratione_fw-la dictorum_fw-la concordatorum_fw-la aut_fw-la specialis_fw-la indulti_fw-la apostolici_fw-la nominare_fw-la possit_fw-la opportunè_fw-la providere_fw-la volentes_fw-la supplicationibus_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la majestatis_fw-la tuus_fw-la nomine_fw-la nobis_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la humiliter_fw-la porrectis_fw-la inclinati_fw-la eidem_fw-la majestati_fw-la tuus_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v plain_a enough_o by_o the_o term_n of_o that_o brief_a that_o the_o pope_n pretend_v that_o all_o benefice_n vacant_a in_o curia_n be_v reserve_v to_o he_o even_o by_o the_o article_n of_o the_o concordat_fw-la and_o that_o the_o king_n do_v likewise_o acknowledge_v that_o reservation_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o i_o have_v see_v some_o other_o brief_n 〈◊〉_d non_fw-la vacando_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la which_o be_v express_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o duke_n of_o nenbourg_n have_v obtain_v 1673._o obtain_v ann._n 1673._o one_o for_o the_o abbey_n of_o fescan_n which_o be_v likewise_o direct_v to_o the_o king_n yet_o the_o pope_n do_v but_o seldom_o grant_v they_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o they_o never_o do_v yea_o and_o that_o it_o be_v never_o desire_v of_o they_o that_o so_o a_o clause_n of_o the_o concordat_fw-la may_v not_o be_v authorise_a which_o without_o doubt_n be_v vicious_a and_o which_o may_v be_v abrogate_a without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o concordat_fw-la itself_o the_o new_a law_n receive_v in_o france_n give_v the_o pope_n many_o other_o power_n which_o they_o enjoy_v not_o pope_n other_o right_n of_o the_o pope_n when_o the_o church_n be_v govern_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a canon_n i._o the_o creation_n of_o new_a bishopric_n and_o the_o erection_n of_o archbishopric_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n ii_o bishop_n can_v be_v translate_v from_o one_o see_v to_o another_o without_o take_v new_a bull_n from_o the_o pope_n and_o if_o they_o enjoy_v abbey_n or_o other_o consistorial_n benefice_n they_o be_v also_o oblige_v to_o take_v new_a bull_n for_o all_o these_o benefice_n and_o by_o consequent_a to_o pay_v new_a annat_n or_o first-fruit_n but_o it_o be_v still_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o pope_n can_v put_v this_o power_n in_o execution_n without_o the_o king_n permission_n and_o even_o in_o the_o bull_n of_o translation_n the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n be_v mention_v iii_o the_o pope_n by_o his_o bull_n confirm_v those_o who_o the_o king_n have_v name_v to_o bishopric_n abbey_n and_o other_o consistorial_n benefice_n iv_o the_o king_n can_v enjoy_v his_o right_n of_o nomination_n to_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n which_o be_v not_o situate_v in_o the_o place_n mention_v in_o the_o concordat_fw-la but_o the_o pope_n grant_v he_o indult_n or_o privilege_n to_o nominate_v to_o those_o benefice_n see_v france_n be_v now_o of_o great_a extent_n than_o it_o be_v when_o the_o concordat_fw-la of_o bologna_n be_v make_v betwixt_o pope_n leo_n x._o and_o francis_n the_o first_o of_o france_n the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v be_v oblige_v to_o obtain_v from_o the_o pope_n indult_n which_o be_v call_v indulta_fw-la rigiae_fw-la nominationis_fw-la of_o which_o many_o form_n may_v be_v see_v print_v in_o the_o collection_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr doujat_a it_o be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o pope_n to_o grant_v they_o for_o ever_o or_o only_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n v._o it_o be_v a_o general_a maxim_n receive_v and_o approve_v of_o all_o that_o secular_a benefice_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o secular_o and_o regular_a benefice_n to_o regulars_n the_o king_n can_v emancipate_v benefice_n from_o the_o rule_n to_o put_v they_o in_o commendum_fw-la unless_o he_o have_v permission_n from_o the_o pope_n because_o that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o clause_n of_o the_o concordat_fw-la but_o the_o king_n and_o pope_n who_o have_v make_v the_o concordat_fw-la dispense_v with_o it_o daily_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n so_o to_o do_v vi_o the_o pope_n who_o pretend_v to_o a_o absolute_a power_n over_o all_o benefice_n according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n secularise_n benefice_n that_o be_v in_o rule_n and_o so_o he_o derogate_v from_o that_o great_a maxim_n secularia_fw-la secularibus_fw-la regularia_fw-la regularibus_fw-la in_o favour_n of_o those_o who_o for_o that_o end_n send_v their_o money_n to_o rome_n the_o monk_n notwithstanding_o who_o be_v
of_o prevention_n beside_o the_o pope_n who_o daily_o derogate_v from_o the_o rule_n de_fw-fr viginti_fw-la diebus_fw-la to_o favour_n resignee_n do_v never_o derogate_v from_o it_o in_o prejudice_n of_o cardinal_n in_o respect_n of_o church_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o ordinary_a collator_n and_o that_o be_v a_o privilege_n singular_a to_o they_o neither_o be_v they_o subject_n to_o the_o indult_n or_o privilege_n of_o the_o menber_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o bestow_v upon_o the_o indultee_n or_o privilege_v the_o benefice_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o collator_n because_o they_o have_v a_o grant_v from_o the_o pope_n which_o give_v they_o power_n of_o dispose_n of_o their_o benefice_n to_o who_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n they_o please_v nevertheless_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n have_v sometime_o pronounce_v sentence_n contrary_a to_o those_o privilege_n of_o cardinal_n and_o have_v favour_v the_o indultee_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o king_n who_o they_o think_v aught_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o indultee_n of_o cardinal_n in_o fine_a the_o common_a rule_n which_o say_v that_o secular_a benefice_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o secular_o and_o regular_a to_o regulars_n be_v of_o no_o force_n in_o respect_n of_o cardinal_n who_o beneficia_fw-la who_o habent_fw-la os_fw-la apertum_fw-la ad_fw-la omne_fw-la beneficia_fw-la in_o that_o quality_n can_v receive_v all_o kind_n of_o benefice_n to_o have_v explain_v the_o right_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o france_n in_o respect_n of_o beneficial_a matter_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o discover_v full_o wherein_o the_o ancient_a canon_n law_n be_v abrogate_a which_o give_v bishop_n absolute_a power_n in_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n we_o must_v beside_o that_o examine_v the_o right_n of_o other_o collator_n and_o patro_fw-la we_o whether_o ecclesiastic_a or_o laic_a in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v the_o right_n of_o all_o who_o be_v in_o present_a possession_n of_o provide_v to_o benefice_n in_o what_o manner_n soever_o it_o be_v it_o will_v seem_v that_o none_o have_v more_o reason_n to_o challenge_v that_o right_n chapter_n the_o right_n of_o chapter_n than_o the_o chapter_n of_o cathedral_n church_n for_o as_o heretofore_o they_o make_v but_o one_o body_n with_o the_o bishop_n and_o be_v of_o their_o council_n so_o they_o have_v some_o share_n in_o the_o jurisdiction_n wherefore_o when_o the_o revenue_n be_v separate_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v especial_o the_o gratuitous_a jurisdiction_n or_o the_o right_n of_o provide_v to_o benefice_n and_o i_o take_v that_o to_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o chapter_n be_v at_o present_a the_o collator_n of_o some_o benefice_n separately_z from_o their_o bishop_n they_o have_v even_o make_v certain_a law_n among_o themselves_o which_o be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n every_o canon_n present_v by_o turn_n to_o benefice_n that_o become_v vacant_a in_o his_o week_n or_o in_o the_o time_n that_o have_v be_v allot_v he_o in_o the_o dividend_n which_o they_o have_v make_v among_o themselves_o beside_o that_o dignify_v canon_n can_v provide_v to_o benefice_n that_o depend_v on_o their_o dignity_n whether_o in_o particular_a or_o joint_o with_o other_o dignitary_n wherein_o the_o custom_n observe_v in_o every_o chapter_n be_v follow_v care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v though_o that_o all_o sort_n of_o custom_n be_v not_o authorize_v for_o it_o may_v be_v that_o canon_n have_v make_v agreement_n among_o themselves_o which_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o right_n of_o private_a person_n and_o there_o be_v but_o few_o that_o mind_n that_o bishop_n can_v call_v into_o question_n that_o right_o of_o chapter_n employment_n the_o original_a of_o personage_n and_o dignity_n without_o employment_n since_o they_o have_v agree_v on_o both_o side_n by_o transaction_n which_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o make_v but_o that_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o a_o very_a great_a corruption_n which_o have_v establish_v in_o the_o church_n benefice_n without_o any_o employment_n for_o the_o canon_n be_v not_o only_o separate_v from_o their_o bishop_n but_o they_o have_v beside_o every_o one_o take_v his_o revenue_n in_o particular_a and_o mind_v the_o management_n of_o it_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o many_o office_n which_o be_v necessary_a whilst_o the_o revenue_n be_v in_o common_a be_v become_v useless_a and_o instead_o of_o suppress_v they_o they_o be_v erect_v into_o benefice_n which_o be_v call_v dignity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v sine-cure_n or_o benefice_n without_o office_n i_o shall_v here_o give_v some_o instance_n of_o they_o that_o the_o original_a of_o these_o dignity_n or_o benefice_n may_v be_v know_v of_o which_o the_o titular_o for_o most_o part_n be_v uncertain_a whether_o or_o not_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o reside_v on_o their_o benefice_n i_o reckon_v then_o among_o these_o dignity_n the_o provostship_n of_o st._n martin_n of_o tours_n which_o be_v pretty_a numerous_a these_o provostship_n be_v heretofore_o possess_v by_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o chapter_n who_o be_v choose_v to_o take_v the_o care_n of_o the_o temporal_a of_o the_o church_n and_o see_v the_o revenue_n of_o that_o church_n be_v in_o several_a place_n the_o care_n of_o they_o be_v commit_v to_o different_a person_n who_o have_v several_o the_o management_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o their_o distinct_a quarter_n and_o because_o of_o that_o they_o be_v call_v praeposiâ—i_n whence_o the_o name_n of_o provost_n be_v derive_v but_o since_o the_o canon_n take_v the_o care_n of_o their_o rent_n every_o one_o in_o particular_a these_o office_n be_v become_v useless_a nevertheless_o they_o be_v still_o retain_v and_o be_v now_o call_v dignity_n or_o simple_a benefice_n whereof_o the_o titular_o can_v be_v oblige_v to_o residence_n as_o heretofore_o they_o be_v because_o the_o obligation_n to_o reside_v proceed_v not_o from_o the_o office_n of_o provost_n but_o of_o the_o canonship_n which_o they_o enjoy_v with_o their_o provostship_n that_o be_v not_o then_o a_o benefice_n but_o mere_o a_o commission_n or_o office_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n also_o ought_v we_o to_o consider_v the_o dignity_n of_o treasurer_n in_o several_a cathedral_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v but_o a_o office_n that_o consist_v in_o take_v care_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n and_o be_v at_o present_a a_o benefice_n without_o office_n which_o be_v call_v a_o dignity_n of_o honour_n because_o it_o be_v only_o by_o custom_n that_o it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o dignity_n there_o be_v none_o but_o the_o title_n of_o archpriest_n and_o archdeacon_n that_o be_v dignity_n of_o right_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o have_v retain_v it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o all_o other_o dignity_n or_o sine-cure_a parsonage_n &_o therefore_o i_o shall_v insist_v no_o more_o on_o that_o subject_a i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o several_a person_n do_v in_o some_o manner_n enjoy_v two_o benenefice_n though_o they_o be_v not_o reckon_v among_o those_o who_o possess_v plurality_n of_o live_n the_o dean_n for_o instance_n of_o cathedral_n church_n and_o the_o chief_a dignitary_n of_o collegiate_n church_n have_v double_a the_o revenue_n of_o the_o other_o canon_n though_o they_o be_v no_o more_o in_o effect_n but_o canon_n as_o the_o rest_n be_v and_o have_v nothing_o over_o they_o but_o a_o prerogative_n of_o honour_n but_o custom_n which_o have_v make_v that_o and_o many_o such_o other_o practice_n familiar_a to_o we_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o they_o be_v not_o reckon_v in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o who_o have_v several_a benefice_n beside_o they_o may_v allege_v for_o their_o justification_n the_o word_n of_o st._n paul_n who_o say_v that_o the_o elder_n who_o rule_v well_o be_v count_v worthy_a of_o double_a honour_n 5.17_o 1_o tim._n 5.17_o after_o all_o if_o the_o chapter_n challenge_v no_o more_o to_o themselves_o in_o beneficial_a matter_n but_o the_o right_n whereof_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v bishop_n will_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o complain_v of_o they_o but_o there_o be_v some_o who_o have_v attempt_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o same_o bishop_n and_o pretend_v to_o a_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n as_o well_o as_o they_o you_o shall_v see_v canon_n who_o have_v rather_o out_o of_o vanity_n than_o necessity_n a_o great_a vicar_n a_o official_a and_o other_o necessary_a officer_n for_o exercise_v episcopal_a jurisdiction_n as_o if_o they_o have_v a_o diocese_n to_o govern_v most_o part_n of_o chapter_n beside_o pretend_v to_o â—e_v exempt_v from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o their_o bishop_n and_o have_v a_o little_a territory_n depend_v on_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o which_o they_o exercise_v the_o function_n of_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n and_o hold_v the_o place_n of_o inferior_a ordinary_a prelate_n which_o be_v
or_o at_o least_o of_o such_o as_o be_v useful_a to_o the_o church_n for_o these_o union_n still_o subsist_v if_o for_o instance_n a_o priory_n or_o chapel_n be_v so_o ruin_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o restore_v it_o what_o remain_v of_o the_o revenue_n ought_v to_o be_v unite_v to_o another_o church_n if_o the_o prebend_n of_o a_o chapter_n or_o collegiate_n church_n be_v too_o small_a several_a of_o they_o must_v be_v join_v together_o if_o in_o a_o town_n or_o burrough_n there_o be_v too_o many_o cure_n and_o they_o but_o poor_a it_o be_v convenient_a to_o suppress_v some_o of_o they_o and_o give_v the_o revenue_n to_o other_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n a_o simple_a benefice_n may_v be_v join_v to_o a_o poor_a cure_n &_o in_o a_o word_n monastery_n where_o the_o rule_n have_v cease_v may_v be_v join_v to_o a_o bishopric_n that_o have_v not_o a_o competent_a revenue_n but_o in_o all_o these_o union_n the_o advantage_n of_o the_o church_n be_v always_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o the_o right_n of_o superior_n maintain_v otherwise_o they_o be_v abusive_a and_o therefore_o union_n be_v not_o to_o be_v make_v but_o upon_o good_a and_o necessary_a information_n the_o bishop_n have_v right_o to_o make_v these_o union_n unless_o it_o be_v when_o the_o union_n be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o his_o own_o church_n because_o than_o he_o can_v be_v judge_n in_o his_o own_o case_n moreover_o the_o union_n of_o bishopric_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n though_o reversion_n have_v be_v abolish_v parliament_n of_o the_o indult_n or_o privilege_n of_o member_n of_o parliament_n yet_o there_o be_v in_o france_n privilege_n of_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o degree_n of_o those_o who_o have_v study_v a_o certain_a time_n in_o the_o famous_a university_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o reversion_n and_o by_o consequent_a be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o right_n of_o ordinary_a collator_n &_o of_o ecclesiastical_a patron_n i_o shall_v not_o speak_v here_o of_o the_o original_a of_o these_o privilege_n only_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o during_o the_o time_n of_o schism_n pope_n grant_v those_o favour_n to_o prince_n to_o great_a man_n that_o be_v powerful_a in_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n and_o to_o such_o as_o may_v be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o they_o in_o their_o settlement_n in_o the_o papacy_n the_o council_n of_o trent_n have_v abolish_v indult_n as_o well_o as_o apostolical_a mandate_n but_o since_o its_o decision_n be_v not_o receive_v in_o france_n the_o privilege_n of_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v still_o retain_v to_o the_o end_n a_o privilege_n whereof_o we_o be_v speak_v may_v have_v its_o effect_n letter_n must_v be_v procure_v from_o the_o king_n command_v the_o ordinary_a collator_n to_o confer_v on_o he_o who_o have_v the_o privilege_n the_o first_o vacant_a benefice_n of_o his_o collation_n beside_o these_o letter_n must_v be_v intimate_v before_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o benefice_n and_o then_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o collator_n be_v tie_v the_o indultee_n or_o privilege_v person_n have_v six_o month_n to_o require_v the_o benefice_n in_o and_o the_o collator_n can_v be_v charge_v but_o with_o one_o privilege_n during_o his_o life_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o community_n which_o die_v not_o than_o it_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n the_o collator_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n can_v former_o oblige_v the_o indultee_n to_o accept_v the_o first_o vacant_a benefice_n provide_v it_o be_v worth_a 200_o franc_n because_o the_o privilege_n be_v de_fw-fr beneficio_fw-la proximè_fw-la vacaturo_fw-la but_o he_o can_v at_o present_v be_v oblige_v to_o it_o unless_o it_o be_v worth_a 600_o franc_n of_o yearly_a rent_n in_o the_o number_n of_o expectative_a grace_n or_o reversion_n may_v also_o be_v reckon_v the_o king_n nomination_n for_o his_o happy_a come_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o his_o nomination_n for_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o give_v he_o right_o to_o nominate_v to_o the_o new_a bishop_n after_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o regale_n one_o for_o the_o first_o vacant_a prebend_n degree_n of_o degree_n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o university_n of_o paris_n against_o the_o bishop_n who_o common_o bestow_v benefice_n on_o their_o domestic_n and_o undeserving_a person_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o the_o three_o part_n of_o benefice_n shall_v be_v set_v apart_o for_o the_o graduate_n of_o famous_a university_n and_o that_o if_o the_o ordinary_n give_v they_o to_o other_o their_o collation_n shall_v be_v null_a the_o pragmatic_n make_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o bourge_n ratify_v that_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n but_o with_o this_o qualification_n that_o the_o three_o destine_v for_o graduate_n shall_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n and_o that_o two_o three_o of_o that_o three_o shall_v be_v appropriate_v to_o those_o who_o have_v some_o notable_a employment_n in_o the_o university_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o same_o assembly_n that_o the_o university_n shall_v name_v those_o who_o they_o will_v have_v prefer_v and_o thence_o arise_v the_o distinction_n of_o simple_a graduate_n and_o graduate_n name_v the_o concordat_fw-la have_v preserve_v that_o right_n of_o graduate_n but_o because_o fraud_n may_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o three_o of_o benefice_n which_o be_v give_v in_o course_n one_o after_o another_o they_o have_v four_o month_n of_o the_o year_n allot_v to_o they_o to_o wit_n january_n april_n july_n and_o october_n and_o the_o benefice_n that_o fall_v during_o these_o four_o month_n be_v appropriate_v to_o they_o january_n and_o july_n be_v call_v month_n of_o rigour_n because_o the_o collator_n or_o patron_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v the_o vacant_a benefice_n to_o the_o graduate_n name_v who_o be_v the_o ancient_a and_o have_v most_o right_o whereas_o in_o the_o other_o two_o month_n which_o be_v call_v month_n of_o favour_n he_o be_v free_a to_o give_v the_o vacant_a benefice_n to_o such_o enroll_v graduate_n as_o he_o please_v to_o be_v a_o graduate_n it_o be_v enough_o that_o one_o have_v study_v two_o year_n philosophy_n three_o year_n divinity_n and_o take_v the_o degree_n of_o master_n of_o arts._n yet_o this_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o their_o bachelor_n graduate_n doctor_n graduate_n graduate_n in_o divinity_n the_o canon_n law_n and_o medicine_n to_o who_o also_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a time_n assign_v and_o in_o case_n of_o competition_n the_o most_o qualify_a graduate_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o other_o though_o it_o be_v sometime_o pretty_a hard_a to_o know_v who_o ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v that_o this_o right_n may_v take_v effect_n the_o letter_n of_o degree_n attestation_n of_o the_o time_n of_o study_n and_o the_o university_n letter_n of_o nomination_n must_v be_v signify_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a patron_n or_o collator_n and_o because_o gentleman_n have_v some_o privilege_n as_o to_o the_o time_n of_o study_n they_o ought_v likewise_o to_o produce_v the_o proof_n of_o their_o quality_n of_o all_o these_o instrument_n and_o act_n the_o patron_n or_o collator_n ought_v to_o keep_v a_o copy_n they_o be_v beside_o oblige_v every_o year_n in_o lent_n to_o renew_v the_o register_n of_o their_o name_n which_o they_o may_v do_v in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a register_n when_o a_o benefice_n fall_v in_o the_o month_n that_o be_v appropriate_v to_o they_o they_o ought_v to_o demand_v it_o within_o six_o month_n and_o that_o be_v expire_v they_o be_v no_o long_o admit_v to_o make_v their_o requisition_n if_o the_o pope_n prevent_v they_o before_o they_o have_v make_v their_o demand_n he_o that_o have_v be_v provide_v by_o the_o pope_n obtain_v the_o benefice_n and_o there_o be_v no_o need_n that_o the_o pope_n shall_v even_o mention_v that_o the_o benefice_n be_v destine_v to_o graduate_n because_o he_o be_v not_o tie_v to_o the_o law_n that_o be_v in_o france_n in_o favour_n of_o graduate_n but_o the_o ordinary_a aught_o to_o specify_v in_o his_o collation_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o graduate_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n for_o which_o he_o give_v the_o benefice_n nevertheless_o he_o may_v still_o put_v question_n to_o the_o graduate_n though_o heretofore_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v exempt_v from_o examination_n but_o the_o easiness_n of_o obtain_v degree_n make_v that_o there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v many_o ignorant_a &_o vicious_a graduate_n and_o therefore_o the_o collator_n and_o even_o the_o patron_n have_v always_o right_a to_o refuse_v they_o if_o they_o judge_v they_o uncapable_a of_o the_o benefice_n which_o they_o have_v demand_v it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o sort_n of_o benefice_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o graduates_n i._o consistorial_n benefice_n and_o such_o as_o be_v in_o lay-patronage_n be_v exempt_v ii_o the_o
dignity_n of_o cathedral_n church_n but_o among_o these_o dignity_n the_o penitentiary_n be_v not_o reckon_v and_o there_o be_v some_o difficulty_n also_o as_o to_o the_o divinity_n lecture_n though_o there_o be_v judgement_n as_o to_o that_o in_o favour_n of_o graduate_n iii_o the_o right_a of_o graduate_n have_v no_o place_n but_o when_o the_o benefice_n be_v vacant_a by_o death_n iv_o when_o the_o graduate_n have_v a_o benefice_n of_o 400_o franc_n a_o year_n or_o a_o annuity_n of_o the_o same_o value_n which_o stand_v he_o instead_o of_o a_o benefice_n he_o be_v think_v provide_v and_o can_v pretend_v to_o any_o benefice_n in_o quality_n of_o a_o graduate_n unless_o he_o have_v not_o that_o provision_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o degree_n for_o in_o that_o case_n he_o may_v renounce_v his_o benefice_n or_o annuity_n and_o have_v right_a as_o before_o to_o demand_v the_o benefic_n appropriate_v to_o graduate_n the_o reason_n why_o a_o graduate_n have_v a_o benefice_n of_o 400_o franc_n be_v reckon_v provide_v be_v that_o in_o the_o concordat_fw-la 200_o florin_n be_v mention_v which_o have_v be_v value_v at_o 400_o franc_n but_o i_o think_v at_o present_a they_o ought_v to_o be_v value_v at_o 600._o v._n when_o the_o benefice_n that_o fall_v in_o the_o the_o month_n of_o graduate_n be_v under_o rule_n it_o can_v be_v demand_v but_o by_o a_o regular_a graduate_n just_o so_o the_o regular_a can_v demand_v secular_a benefice_n vi_o in_o fine_a if_o a_o indultee_n or_o privilege_v person_n and_o a_o graduate_n demand_v one_o and_o the_o same_o benefice_n the_o indultee_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o graduate_n the_o exemption_n which_o pope_n have_v grant_v to_o several_a church_n exemption_n of_o exemption_n as_o well_o regular_a as_o secular_a have_v also_o much_o derogate_a from_o the_o canonical_a right_n of_o bishop_n because_o abbot_n and_o other_o patron_n confer_v in_o full_a right_o the_o benefice_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o their_o exemption_n and_o they_o fail_v the_o right_o be_v devolve_v on_o the_o pope_n who_o be_v become_v their_o immediate_a superior_a this_o be_v not_o a_o proper_a place_n to_o handle_v these_o exemption_n to_o the_o full_a nor_o to_o speak_v of_o their_o original_a beside_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o say_v somewhat_o as_o to_o that_o subject_a i_o shall_v only_o mention_v what_o relate_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n i._o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n that_o derogat_n from_o exemption_n be_v not_o receive_v there_o but_o the_o title_n on_o which_o the_o exemption_n be_v found_v be_v examine_v and_o if_o the_o title_n be_v lawful_a the_o privilege_n that_o be_v express_v be_v allow_v ii_o possession_n alone_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o authorise_v these_o privilege_n legal_a title_n must_v also_o be_v produce_v in_o as_o much_o as_o many_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o their_o privilege_n because_o their_o title_n have_v not_o be_v sufficient_o examine_v which_o most_o common_o be_v false_a and_o it_o be_v not_o just_o that_o exemption_n which_o be_v but_o a_o privilege_v right_o shall_v prejudice_v the_o common_a right_n of_o bishop_n unless_o it_o be_v well_o ground_v and_o grant_v for_o lawful_a cause_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v that_o patrocinari_fw-la that_o fraus_fw-la nemini_fw-la debet_fw-la patrocinari_fw-la falsehood_n can_v never_o make_v a_o prescription_n and_o that_o a_o possession_n ground_v on_o a_o bad_a title_n be_v no_o true_a possession_n all_o possible_a rigour_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v then_o against_o the_o right_n of_o exemption_n or_o privilege_n because_o it_o derogate_v from_o the_o common_a law_n and_o nothing_o shall_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o exempt_v but_o what_o be_v express_o set_v down_o in_o their_o title_n of_o exemption_n and_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o privilege_n be_v mention_v in_o plain_a term_n without_o any_o ambiguity_n iii_o the_o more_o ancient_a the_o title_n of_o exemption_n be_v of_o the_o less_o extent_n be_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o exemption_n as_o appear_v by_o ancient_a formulary_n which_o hardly_o contain_v any_o thing_n else_o in_o respect_n of_o monastery_n but_o the_o liberty_n of_o choose_v the_o abbot_n and_o the_o free_a disposition_n of_o all_o their_o revenue_n as_o to_o the_o rest_n they_o be_v entire_o subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n exemption_n as_o we_o find_v they_o now_o a_o day_n begin_v only_o with_o the_o reformation_n of_o cluni_n and_o cisteaux_n who_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o bishop_n by_o the_o title_n of_o their_o foundation_n though_o that_o happen_v in_o a_o disorderly_a time_n yet_o these_o exemption_n be_v not_o meddle_v with_o in_o france_n see_v they_o be_v own_v by_o all_o man_n but_o there_o be_v great_a cause_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o other_o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v grant_v by_o pope_n after_o the_o foundation_n of_o monastery_n there_o be_v but_o few_o of_o they_o that_o be_v true_a in_o their_o full_a extent_n which_o be_v easy_o discover_v when_o one_o set_v serious_o to_o work_v to_o examine_v the_o title_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n peter_n de_fw-fr blois_n arch_n deacon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o bath_n in_o england_n affirm_v that_o the_o exemption_n of_o monastery_n in_o his_o time_n be_v examine_v of_o which_o the_o great_a part_n be_v forge_v by_o the_o monk_n the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n think_v the_o letter_n of_o exemption_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o malmesbury_n to_o be_v false_a quia_fw-la in_o filo_fw-la &_o bulla_n videbantur_fw-la vitiosae_fw-la stilumque_fw-la romanae_fw-la curiae_fw-la minime_fw-la redolebant_fw-la nevertheless_o the_o abbot_n refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o his_o bishop_n fall_v into_o such_o a_o rage_n against_o he_o that_o the_o same_o peter_n de_fw-fr blois_n complain_v of_o it_o in_o his_o letter_n 68_o letter_n petr._n blaes_n epist_n 68_o to_o pope_n alexander_n iii_o to_o who_o upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o malmesbury_n he_o represent_v the_o abuse_n of_o exemption_n take_v it_o in_o his_o own_o word_n vile_fw-mi sunt_fw-la abbates_n &_o miseri_fw-la qui_fw-la potestatem_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la non_fw-la exterminant_n cum_fw-la pro_fw-la annua_fw-la auri_fw-la uncia_fw-la plenam_fw-la à _fw-la sede_fw-la romanâ_fw-la possint_fw-la assequi_fw-la libertatem_fw-la by_o this_o it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o monastery_n obtain_v for_o money_n from_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n as_o many_o exemption_n as_o they_o please_v and_o that_o simony_n be_v much_o practise_v by_o the_o monk_n especial_o the_o regular_a abbot_n who_o by_o that_o mean_n shake_v off_o obedience_n to_o their_o bishop_n that_o they_o may_v more_o free_o squander_v away_o the_o revenue_n of_o their_o monastery_n and_o have_v no_o body_n to_o check_v they_o for_o their_o vice_n ibid._n vice_n petr._n blaes_n ibid._n detestantur_fw-la abbates_n habere_fw-la suorum_fw-la excessuum_fw-la correctorem_fw-la vagam_fw-la impunitatis_fw-la licentiam_fw-la amplectuntur_fw-la claustralisque_n militiae_fw-la jugum_fw-la relaxant_fw-la in_o omnem_fw-la desiderii_fw-la libertatem_fw-la hinc_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la monasteriorum_fw-la fere_n omnium_fw-la facultates_fw-la datae_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o direptienem_fw-la &_o praedam_fw-la these_o and_o many_o other_o reason_n which_o i_o omit_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o no_o great_a favour_n be_v show_v to_o the_o exemption_n of_o monastery_n in_o france_n though_o they_o be_v not_o whole_o reject_v there_o to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o many_o of_o these_o exemption_n especial_o those_o of_o chapter_n have_v be_v obtain_v in_o the_o time_n of_o schism_n and_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o the_o chapter_n which_o oppose_v its_o bishop_n acknowledge_v one_o pope_n and_o the_o bishop_n another_z and_o that_o be_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o title_n of_o exemption_n false_a rule_v how_o to_o distinguish_v true_a exemption_n from_o false_a that_o what_o be_v do_v upon_o occasion_n of_o schism_n may_v not_o be_v authorise_v that_o true_a title_n may_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o distinguish_v from_o such_o as_o have_v be_v foist_v and_o counterfeit_v we_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o several_a rule_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v if_o one_o will_v with_o any_o exactness_n make_v that_o distinction_n and_o that_o will_v not_o only_o serve_v to_o discover_v the_o falsity_n of_o privilege_n and_o exemption_n but_o also_o to_o judge_n of_o other_o title_n i._o one_o must_v have_v see_v true_a title_n that_o be_v past_o all_o exception_n according_a to_o which_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v those_o that_o be_v produce_v the_o character_n be_v to_o be_v mind_v if_o it_o be_v a_o original_a piece_n for_o it_o seldom_o happen_v that_o they_o who_o counterfeit_a title_n do_v exact_o imitate_v these_o character_n whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o write_v too_o hasty_o or_o that_o they_o be_v satisfy_v to_o do_v somewhat_o that_o come_v near_o they_o but_o which_o be_v not_o altogether_o like_a ii_o the_o difference_n of_o
stile_n that_o occur_v betwixt_o true_a piece_n and_o counterfeit_n be_v very_o useful_a for_o distinguish_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o for_o instance_n one_o must_v know_v in_o what_o manner_n prince_n in_o different_a time_n begin_v their_o letter_n and_o how_o they_o finish_v they_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o stile_n have_v not_o be_v always_o the_o same_o beside_o they_o have_v also_o express_v themselves_o in_o different_a manner_n in_o several_a time_n as_o to_o the_o body_n and_o content_n of_o their_o letter_n iii_o the_o way_n of_o date_v letter_n have_v much_o vary_v and_o that_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o have_v not_o be_v always_o mind_v by_o those_o who_o have_v counterfeit_v false_a i_o riviledge_n they_o have_v for_o most_o part_n follow_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o time_n iv_o chronology_n and_o â—he_n subscription_n of_o the_o write_n or_o deed_n be_v to_o be_v mind_v examine_v if_o they_o who_o have_v subscribe_v it_o live_v all_o in_o that_o time_n and_o if_o they_o can_v probable_o be_v all_o together_o in_o the_o place_n speak_v of_o or_o if_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n report_v suit_n with_o the_o custom_n and_o practice_n of_o those_o time_n v._o one_o must_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o time_n when_o certain_a way_n of_o speak_v begin_v to_o be_v in_o use_n for_o it_o be_v easy_o perceive_v that_o a_o piece_n be_v new_a when_o it_o contain_v new_a term_n and_o expression_n vi_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o history_n and_o especial_o what_o concern_v the_o right_n of_o pope_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o write_n do_v not_o attribute_v to_o the_o pope_n who_o grant_v the_o privilege_v some_o right_n which_o he_o do_v not_o as_o yet_o enjoy_v and_o that_o happen_v common_o in_o ancient_a privilege_n because_o they_o who_o have_v counterfeit_v they_o have_v squâ—red_v themselves_o according_a to_o their_o own_o time_n and_o not_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pope_n who_o name_n they_o have_v borrow_v vii_o one_o ought_v to_o know_v chronology_n history_n the_o manner_n of_o beginning_n and_o date_v of_o write_n the_o diversity_n of_o style_n and_o of_o subscription_n not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o different_a time_n but_o also_o of_o different_a place_n and_o person_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o thing_n have_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n and_o person_n prince_n do_v not_o always_o agree_v in_o that_o with_o pope_n and_o bishop_n and_o prince_n differ_v also_o among_o themselves_o for_o instance_n the_o manner_n of_o begin_v the_o year_n have_v not_o be_v uniform_a in_o all_o place_n nor_o in_o all_o time_n date_n and_o subscription_n be_v very_o different_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n and_o person_n and_o that_o have_v make_v those_o who_o have_v be_v ignorant_a of_o those_o different_a custom_n fall_v into_o such_o gross_a fault_n that_o the_o falsity_n of_o the_o deed_n which_o they_o have_v counterfeit_v stare_v in_o one_o face_n viii_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o common_a than_o to_o see_v counterfeit_a mark_n or_o monograms_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o have_v true_a one_o to_o make_v a_o distinction_n of_o the_o real_a from_o the_o false_a which_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v in_o seal_n that_o have_v be_v often_o counterfeit_v it_o must_v not_o for_o all_o that_o be_v conclude_v that_o a_o deed_n be_v good_a because_o nothing_o seem_v want_v to_o the_o subscription_n nor_o to_o the_o seal_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o easy_a heretofore_o than_o to_o remove_v the_o seal_n from_o one_o deed_n to_o another_o see_v the_o seal_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o parchment_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o counter-seal_n the_o seal_n be_v easy_o take_v off_o without_o hurt_v the_o impression_n by_o heat_n the_o parchment_n a_o little_a it_o be_v true_a in_o after_o time_n that_o falsisication_n be_v remedy_v by_o mean_n of_o a_o counter-seal_n and_o a_o little_a string_n that_o tie_v the_o seal_n to_o the_o parchment_n but_o for_o all_o the_o care_n that_o can_v be_v take_v it_o be_v impossible_a altogether_o to_o prevent_v falsification_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o easy_a than_o to_o keep_v the_o subscription_n and_o seal_n entire_a and_o with_o some_o water_n or_o essence_n to_o wash_v out_o all_o the_o writing_n and_o to_o suppose_v another_o title_n in_o what_o manner_n one_o please_v the_o reality_n then_o of_o the_o subscription_n and_o seal_n be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a proof_n but_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a also_o to_o consider_v whether_o the_o parchment_n have_v not_o receive_v some_o alteration_n or_o whether_o the_o ink_n be_v not_o too_o new_a or_o different_a from_o that_o wherewith_o the_o subscription_n have_v be_v make_v ix_o the_o counterfeit_n of_o a_o deed_n have_v sometime_o be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o newness_n of_o the_o parchment_n that_o have_v some_o mark_n to_o make_v it_o know_v by_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o who_o have_v affect_v to_o have_v title_n too_o ancient_a and_o have_v for_o that_o end_n write_v their_o privilege_n on_o the_o bark_n of_o tree_n have_v render_v themselves_o ridiculous_a because_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v make_v out_o that_o at_o that_o time_n when_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v write_v there_o be_v no_o use_n make_v of_o the_o rind_n of_o tree_n at_o least_o in_o europe_n x._o they_o also_o who_o have_v join_v many_o date_n together_o think_v thereby_o to_o render_v their_o title_n more_o authentic_a mark_v the_o year_n of_o prince_n and_o emperor_n with_o the_o indiction_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n and_o time_n wherein_o they_o live_v think_v to_o have_v impose_v on_o other_o by_o a_o odd_a and_o unseasonable_a exactness_n do_v i_o not_o fear_v to_o be_v too_o tedious_a i_o will_v give_v instance_n for_o confirmation_n of_o all_o these_o rule_n but_o that_o deserve_v a_o separate_a work_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v some_o remark_n concern_v cartulary_n because_o i_o perceive_v man_n too_o credulous_o believe_v they_o and_o mind_v not_o that_o part_n of_o the_o title_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o cartulary_n be_v either_o false_a or_o corrupt_v cartulary_n be_v the_o roll_n or_o register_n of_o church_n or_o monastery_n cartulary_n of_o what_o authority_n be_v cartulary_n wherein_o be_v record_v the_o contract_n of_o buy_v sell_v exchange_n privilege_n immunity_n exemption_n and_o other_o deed_n and_o charter_n these_o cartulary_n be_v long_o posteriour_a to_o most_o part_n of_o the_o act_n contain_v in_o they_o and_o they_o be_v only_o make_v for_o preservation_n of_o the_o act_n and_o that_o posterity_n may_v have_v recourseâ—_n to_o they_o but_o there_o be_v strong_a reason_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o those_o who_o have_v compile_v the_o cartulary_n because_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o false_a or_o corrupt_a title_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n see_v in_o the_o begin_n the_o custom_n of_o write_v title_n or_o act_n of_o foundation_n and_o immunity_n or_o privilege_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o introduce_v the_o compiler_n of_o cartulary_n who_o see_v that_o they_o enjoy_v several_a land_n and_o that_o they_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o some_o privilege_n without_o have_v any_o title_n for_o they_o have_v not_o fail_v to_o make_v and_o to_o insert_v they_o in_o their_o cartulary_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v for_o that_o reason_n that_o the_o title_n which_o be_v in_o the_o cartulary_n attribute_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n of_o the_o first_o race_n be_v almost_o all_o false_a and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n also_o we_o ought_v to_o mistrust_v the_o primitive_a exemption_n which_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v suspect_v that_o they_o appear_v the_o more_o ancient_a the_o lawsuit_n that_o bishop_n have_v have_v with_o the_o abbot_n of_o monastery_n have_v also_o much_o contribute_v to_o the_o augmentation_n of_o false_a title_n for_o to_o back_v their_o several_a cause_n they_o spare_v no_o pain_n in_o falsify_v of_o deed_n in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o compiler_n of_o cartulary_n have_v not_o always_o insert_v the_o act_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o original_a write_n which_o be_v easy_o prove_v by_o compare_v the_o original_n with_o the_o copy_n that_o be_v register_v in_o the_o cartulary_n or_o even_o by_o compare_v ancient_a cartulary_n with_o other_o more_o modern_a for_o the_o late_a they_o be_v of_o the_o great_a extent_n they_o be_v we_o find_v for_o instance_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o casaure_n otherwise_o call_v of_o st._n clement_n in_o the_o 6._o the_o ital._n sacr._n tom._n 6._o six_o volume_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o italy_n and_o in_o the_o title_n of_o that_o foundation_n some_o charter_n of_o immunity_n privilege_n and_o