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A39282 Vindiciæ catholicæ, or, The rights of particular churches rescued and asserted against that meer (but dangerous) notion of one catholick, visible, governing church ... wherein by Scripture, reason, antiquity, and later writers, first, the novelty, peril, scandal, and untruth of this tenet are cleerly demonstrated, secondly, all the arguments for it, produced by the Rev. Apollonius, M. Hudson, M. Noyes, the London ministers, and others, are examined and dissolved ... / by John Ellis, Jun. Ellis, John, 1606?-1681. 1647 (1647) Wing E593; ESTC R18753 75,919 94

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whereof and commission from which all particular Churches act and to the determinations of the major part whereof they are to yeeld obedience if not apparently contrary to the Word and the Catholick governing power whereof resides immediately as in its proper subject under Christ onely in the Ministers and Elders and they not taken severally but joyntly as one entire Colledge or Presbyterie to whose charge severally and joyntly the whole and every particular Church is committed c or more briefly Whether the whole be one Corporation whereof the Elders joyntly are Governors and the members gouerned CHAP. III. Just Prejudices and strong probabilities against an universal visible Governing Church IT is the custome of warre to skirmish first and to begin with the lighter armed Souldiers this method shall be here followed and first such things as render this opinion vehemently suspicious and questionable Whereof the first is The NOVELTY of it The saying of Tertullian is received Quod Antiquiss Veriss Truth is Ancient and error Novel but M. Noyes would avoid this prejudice where he saith that the Fathers so predicated the unity of an universal Church that they laid foundations for an universal Bishop I shall therefore endeavour to shew the Novelty of it and first absolutely considered in it self Secondly relatively and that first in respect of the Protestant and then of the Presbyterian party 1. Absolutely If we credit the * Centurists the particular Churches in the first hundred of years after the Apostles did exercise all Church-Gouernment within themselves * They did ordain and depose Ministers admonish and excommunicate obstinate offenders held Synods or meetings wherein they determined the affairs of their own body In doubtful cases they consulted with other Churches not by reason of their superiority but upon the ground of common charity But no hint of this Catholick Governing body among them Object But in occasions which concerned many Churches they held that they should be transacted in Synods and Councels and they did accordingly in such meetings exercise superior power in the particular Churches as excommunication ordination deposition of Ministers determining of controversies c. Besides several expressions of the Ancients imply as much To which I answer First To the Synods and Councells That what concerns many should be debated by many c. doth not conclude them a Corporation no more then the common Treaties of Nations in things of joynt concernment Secondly Their exercising the acts above mentioned in their particular Churches and their acting these things in Synods were it is certain at some distance of time and seeing the former way of Government is mentioned first it may well be that the latter came in as the discipline of Churches began to be corrupted and decline to WORLDLY POLICIE which happened in this first age also say the same * Authors 3. It might be by Decree and judgement onely not by actual execution of such things as 1 Cor. 5. I haue determined that when ye are gathered c. and John 4. 2. Christ baptized more Disciples then Iohn though Christ himself baptized not but his Disciples 4. Howsoever their practise in this if it were at the same time and not after Discipline declined must be expounded to be consistent with their other practise within themselves whereby they owned entire and of right Independent power from any other Church or Churches So that in such united Synods or Councells each Church might act its owne power though in union with other and all act as so many several and distinct Churches united not as one entyre universal body in the nature and notion of it different distinct and superior to the particular Churches So that being gathered they had a larger power but not a greater nor another power as a general Councel but as so many particular Churches or Elders congregated They acted not as a Parliament but as a Dyett of so many Free-States Or to take M. Hudsons owne similitude As a heap of stones have no more inward vertue because they are an heap then if they were each one by themselves they have a larger but not a more excellent one or of another kind neither doth the power of working what ever their vertue be agree to them first bebecause they are an heap but because they are stones of such and such a nature So here They might excommunicate then but it might be from their owne heap as we may so speak or Societies onely not as out of the Catholick Visible Church also unlesse per accidens in as much as he that is rightly excommunicated out of one Church is really excommunicated out of all because they are essentially and mystically one and to go by the same rule though formally he may not be so As he that is justly condemned for a Traytor in one of the Kings Dominions is really and vertually condemned in the rest because these Domions are politically one in their head yet may they be Independent one from another in their proper Governments and Rights as was said above concerning England and Scotland Fifthly It was but a voluntary association or by right of Fraternity only and not of onenesse of Corporation which appears by astringing and confining even in after times in some Councells the power of Bishops and Ministers to and within their owne Diocesses and Churches so as to pronounce all the acts they did elsewhere unlesse by call or permission void and of none effect Whether it were judgement ordination excommunication it shall be say they of no force As the Councels and Canon Law are cited by Crakanthorp himself one of our adversaries in this cause So Cyprian saith that Stephan Bishop of Rome put his sithe into other mens Harvest when he endeavoured by authority to restore two whom the Bishops of Spain had deposed Now if they had apprehended the whole Church to be but One Corporation or great Congregation and all the Bishops and Ministers to be over this one Church in common why then though in regard that each man was assigned by the Church to his particular place for the avoyding of confusion such acts out of their owne Churches might be disorderly and irregular yet could they not be formally void for that the whole Church being committed to each and to all they had been within their charge seeing they had an habitual and fundamental right thereunto as being Officers per se and properly of the whole Church and not of any particular Church but by accident onely And let it be remembred that these Constitutions were much later then the Churches we spake of before This for Churches and Councells We come now to particular and those the most eminent persons Let us hear themselves speak First CHRYSOSTOME The Sacrifice or Passeouer was to be eaten in one house and not to be conveied out that is the house is one that hath Christ and the