Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	bishop_n	ecclesiastical_a	person_n	2,205	5	5.3328	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A13218	A Short survey of the kingdome of Sweden containing a briefe description of all the provinces of this whole dominion, as also the riches of this kingdome, the antiquitie, nature, and manners of this nation, together with the government of this realme, might and power of this great king as well by sea as by land, his great officers, his customes, and reuenues of the crowne : a catalogue of many of the kings of Sweden, of those especially who have reigned these last five hundreth yeares, with some of their most memorable acts and deeds, with their alliance and issue or off-spring : something also more particularly concerning that illustrious invincible great Gustauus Adolphus the 2. and some of his most memorable acts since his comming to the crowne, as well before as since his entring Germany, untill this present yeare 1632.		1632 (1632)	STC 23517.5; ESTC S4930	50,849	110

same alteration change For by reason of their commerce and trafficke with their neighbours the high Dutch they have also borrowed much of their language and mingled it with their owne as may by many arguments appeare and the better sort addict themselves to learne this language in perfection The like hath also befallen many other nations of the Christian world The Italian what is it else but a bastard Italian language composed of that pure elegant Latine spoken in Tullies time and the rude languages of these barbarous nations Goths Vandals and Longaburds like an inundation in the declining of the Romane Empire overflowing all Italy The Spanish What the Spanish tongue but the same Latine mingled with the ancient Gothish and some others And the moderne French French tongue so idolised of every one is but the ancient Gaules the ancient inhabitants of that countrey lan-language enterlarded with many Latine words Now that this people is a great lover of learning and letters may from hence appeare Goths louers of learning that even at this day the very countrey people and shepheards have engraven upon their great staves and shepheards crooks all the principall matters set downe in our ordinary almanacks in their ancient Gothicke letters by which means they are able to understand the change and other times of the moone bissextile or leape yeare the golden number dominicall letters and the like concerning this subiect The subiects of all the dominion of Sweden Sixe rankes or degrees of the Swedish nation are divided into sixe rankes or degrees differing in eminency and dignity each one from the other the Princes of the bloud the Nobles and Gentrie the ecclesiasticall estate souldiers or martiall men the merchants and husbandmen or labourers of the ground The Princes of the bloud Princes of the blouds are commonly the Kings sonnes or brothers The Kings eldest son doth now according to the custome usually succeed and the others are called Dukes and livings answerable to their birth and greatnesse assigned them The daughters have portions assigned them yet not out of the Kings treasure but of the subiects purses And although the Kingdome be now become hereditary yet doe the Kings alwayes sweare to maintaine religion according to the Augustane confession The Nobility Their titles were not hereditary The Nobilitie is divided into Earles Barons Knights Squires and ordinary Gentry The Earles were of old called Ieri and were by thei● Kings created as likewise Dukes called Hertzogh for their singular valor worth but none of those titles were hereditary or descended to posterity And by reason those great men had often in rebellion opposed themselves against their naturall Kings therefore for divers yeeres these titles were quite omitted vntill such time as Ericus 14. Wh●● made hereditary in imitation of other Kings and Potentates introduced again these titles of Earles and Barons and made them hereditary to posterity As for Knights they ever were as now they are also made for their worth and proofe vpon the atchieving of some noble exploits and descend not to posterity unlesse they succeed in their predecessours vertues and valour As for the other Gen●●y the chiefest of them are those we commonly call Squires and of old were called aff-wapu Out of these rankes of Nobility above mentioned are elected and chosen the supreme ministers and officers of iudicature and other great employments of the Kingdome and for this cause have great maintenance allowed them As for the clergie and state ecclesiasticall The clergie or persons ecclesiasticall it is composed of these persons following first is the Archbishop of Vpsalia together with seuen other Bishops and besides these there are yet foure superintendents who although in name they differ from the former yet in nature function little or nothing and this last is most commonly the highest title among the Protestant Churches beyond the seas as well Lutherans or others So these Bishops and superintendents were adioyned the Canons Prebends c. and under them Ministers and Preachers of euery Parish Bishops lived like Princes in Sweden The Bishops in former times were possessors of many strong holds and Castles and great livings and were exceeding rich by reason whereof they were able to live like great Princes as at this day in Germany and other places is to be seen by this means they became so haughty and insolent that sometimes they waged war with their owne natural Princes sometimes expelling them out of their kingdome For this cause Gustavus the 1. of that name lest the like should befall himselfe or his successours assembled the whole estates of his kingdome to take counsell against the Bishops then making preparation for an open rebellion and by their advice and consent annexed unto the Crowne their lands and possessions together with all their strong holds and Castles reserving for these ecclesiasticall persons some part as well of the tythes as other revenues to be for them a fit and competent maintenance In former times these Bishops had place among the chiefe Senatours and counsellours of the kingdome and the Archbishop of Vpsalia and sometimes also the Bishop of Lincopia assumed unto themselves the title of Primate of the whole Kingdome for the which cause in those dayes this dignity was by great Nobles sued for but since this Kingdome made profession of the reformed Religion the clergie of highest title meddle only with Church-affaires and now mens sonnes of the meanest degree and birth merchants or husbandmens are admitted unto such functions And yet this priviledge they still enioy that in every parliament they have a voice as well as any of the Nobility or others The military forces Next follow the military forces as well horse as foot which notwithstanding consist not of forreine mercenary forces For the foot forces are culled and pickt out from among the choicest youth of the kingdome The trained ●ands whereof consist the foot forces by decimation or taking every tenth man After they are once enrolled they are not onely freed from all subsidies impositions or other payments whatsoever but have also a yeerely stipend allowed them of the king who causeth certaine commanders for this same purpose appointed being first furnished with all manner of weapons for certaine yeares to traine them vp at home in the meane time enuring them to endure all manner of hardship and such toyle and labour as souldieours are wonted in war to endure while in the mean time the old bands if need so require be emploied in forreine expeditions And thus it commeth to passe that although the King carry never so great an army out of the countrey against a forreine enemy yet is the kingdome never left unfurnished of sufficient defence ready to serve upon all occasions and by this meanes there is the lesse use of mercenary souldiers unlesse upon urgent and extraordinary occasion as now in this great and memorable expedition against the