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A19548 A sermon at the solemnizing of the happie inauguration of our most gracious and religious soueraigne King Iames wherein is manifestly proued, that the soueraignty of kings is immediatly from God, and second to no authority on earth whatsoeuer : preached at Paules Crosse, the 24. of March last 1608 / by Richard Crakanthorpe ... Crakanthorpe, Richard, 1567-1624. 1609 (1609) STC 5979; ESTC S308 49,514 56

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in duty ought first to bee performed by the Apostles and their successours let the holy Apostle or the Spirite of God by his mouth speake and determine Let euery soule saith he be subiect to the higher powers which himself in that place expounds to bee those seculare Kinges and Princes who beare the Sword and to whom tribute is due Now this precept was directed and giuen to the whole Church of Rome euen at that time also when Saint Peter by their Doctrine was Bishop of Rome and therefore the spirit of GOD commaunding euery Soule particularly in that Church to bee subiect to the secular powers and Princes without all doubt inioynes obedience and subiection euen to S. Peter himselfe and to all his successours yea much rather vnto them who were to be Ensamples to the rest both in word and in conuersation A truth so cleare that Claudius Espenseus one of their owne and a learned Bishoppe not onely confesseth thus much but confirmes it further out of Theodoret Theophilact Oecumenius and others specially out of Saint Chrysostome who expresly mentions the Apostles themselues to be included in that precept Etiam si Apostolus sis though you bee an Apostle though an Euangelist though a Prophet and which I thinke will reach to the Pope Etiam si quiuis alius fueris or what else soeuer you bee euery Soule must be subiect to those higher and secular powers Or if any notwithstanding this euidence of truth and such a Cloud of witnesses wil yet exempt either the Pope or any other from this duty it may most iustly be replyed vnto him with the wordes of Saint Barnard in his 42. Epist Si omnis anima et vestra If euery Soule bee subiect then must yours Who hath exempted you from this vniuersality Si quis tentat excipere conatur decipere If any goe about to exempt you he goeth about to deceiue tempt you And again do ye despice seculare powers Seculiarior nemo Pilato none was more secular then Pilot before whō Christ himselfe stood to be Iudged and of whom he confessed Potestatem super sefuisse caelitus ordinatam That Pilate had power ouer him and that giuen from God What in duty then ought to bee done for the whole time of the New Testament by this example of Christ and precept of Gods Spirit is most euident And as subiection is commaunded by God so was it practised and performed by the Apostles by the primitiue Bishops yea euen by the Popes themselues for many hundreths of years together For the first three hundreth yeares after Christ while Kings and Emperours were Paganes and Persequutors of the Church it is confessed both by Bellarmine and Carerius that for all that time the Apostles and Bishops of Rome were subiect tō Emperours as all other Christians were and this subiection was both De iure de facto both indeede performed and in right to be performed What And shall wee thinke which they without all shame would perswade that their conuersion to the faith was the ouerthrow and aeuersion of their temporall dominions And that the gaine of Christ was the losse of all their Crownes and Kingdomes Nor onely so but that of Soueraignes they became subiects euen to those who before while they were Paganes were de iure facto subiect vnto them I will not say what an effectuall dissuasion this might haue beene vnto them and others also neuer to haue embraced the Fayth What a motiue it may yet bee to turne Heathen and Paganes againe I will not enforce that true Maxime approoued both by Bellarmine and Carerius Lex Christiana neminem suo iure et dominio priuat Christianity depriues no man of his right nor of his dominion as is confessed in that Hymne of Se●…lius Non cripit mortalia qui regna dat caelestia O wicked King Herod why art thou affraid of Christ He giues an heauenly Kingdome he takes not away an earthly he perfects vs in that want he depriues vs not of that we had Consider of many but some few examples those euen of the Popes themselues who haue testified and recorded their subiection to Christian Emperors With what lowlinesse and humility did Pope Leo the first foure hundreth and odde yeares after Christ sue vnto the Emperor Theodosius the younger that he would call a generall counsell in Italy and yet preuailed not How submissiuely did hee againe entreate the like of Marcianus the Emperour I beseech our Lord Iesus Qui regni vestri est author rector Who is the Author and Ruler of your kingdome that ye would not suffer the ancient Faith Quasi dubiam retractari To be called into doubt and question againe Illudque potius iubeatis and that ye would rather commaund the decrees of the Nicene Counsell to be kept How religiouslie doth he professe his subiection and obedience to the same Emperour I haue willingly saith the Pope added my consent or sentence Quia omnibus modis obediendum est pietati vestrae religiosissimaeque voluntati Because by all means we must obey your sacred and religious will Pope Gregory the great is euen admirable in this point Who am I that speake to my Lord but Dust and Ashes said he to the Emperor Mauritius It well beseemes a religious Prince Vt ista sacerdotibus praeciperet to commaund Bishops in such matters And that particular was an Ecclesiasticall cause also betwixt Pope Gregory himselfe and Iohn Bishop of Constantinople in which the Pope confesseth that it well beseemed a Christian Prince to command not onely other Bishops but euen the Bishop of Rome himselfe And as it was fit for the Emperour to commaund so the same Pope iudged it his duty and fit for him to obey Vobis obedientiam praebere desidero I am desirous to yeald obedience vnto you I am subiect to your commaund Ego dominorum iussionibus obedientiam praebens I am obedient to the commaunds of my Lord and of the Emperour How often and vsually doth he giue the Emperour those Titles which are witnesses of his loyalty and subiection vnto him My Lord my gratious Lord my sacred Lord and the like And such were Popes sixe hundereth yeares after Christ at which time this Pope Gregory liued To these I wil adioyne but one more Leo the fourth who liued aboue eight hundreth yeares after Christ. Whose loyall subiection to two Emperors Lotharius and Lewes his Son their own Canon Law hath for euer recorded First to the Father Lotharius this Pope most solemnly promised that as much as in him lay he would for euer euery way be obedient to his and his predecessors Imperiall praecepts Afterwards when complaint was made to Lewes the sonne of some disorders in the Popes gouernment this Leo the fourth writ vnto him in this manner If we haue done ought amisse
as is hell from hence I say proceedes that absolute and vncontroulable Authoritie which he claimeth to giue to take away not onely smaller quillets but as the Pope himself expressely affirmes Empyres and Kingdomes Et quicquid habere mortales possūt and whatsoeuer mortall men can possesse or haue yea take kingdomes away from some Quamuis nihil omnino demereantur as saith Carerius though they commit no fault at all and giue them to those who haue no right vnto them So did Pope Gregory the tenth with the Empire of the East Abstulit Baluino vero domino dedit Michaeli qui nihil iuris habebat he took it from Balwin the second who was the true owner thereof and gaue it to Michael Pal●…ologus who had no right at all vnto it But tell vs further by what right and Title hath the Pope so large and faire a Patrimony as is the Monarchy and Soueraignty ouer the whole world and in all both ciuill Ecclesiastical causes He hath it say they euen Iure diuino by the very Law of God I but perhaps this is but your priuate opinion onely no sentenced decreed Doctrine among you Yes saith Carerius it is the cōmon iudgment of our Deuines yea of our greatest deuines wherof he there expresly nameth 26. It is further the cōmon iudgement of the Canonists some of them boldly avouching the contrary opinion to bee Haereticall More then so it is saith Bartolus the sentence or iudgement of their holy Mother the Church And lastly which is all in all it is approued by the Decrees and determinations of the Popes themselues by name of Innocentius the third cap. per venerabilem and cap. Solitae de Maioritate obediētia to whom may be added Innocentius the fourth who thus defines the Popedome Papatus est principatus tam in temporalibus quam in spiritualibus The Popedome saith he is a Prince-hood or Soueraignty as well in temporall as in spirituall matters Boniface the eight who in token of his right to both the swords at the solemnity of the Iubile by him first instituted Solenniter ostentauit with great pomp and ostentation shewed himselfe the first day in his Pontificalibus like a Pope and the next day in his Imperiall Robes like a temporall Monarch and causing a naked sword to be carried before him proclaimed vnto al Ecce duo gladij hic behold the two swords are heere who further made a Decree or constitution wherein he affirmed that the Pope is Dominus in spiritualibus temporalibus in vniuerso mundo the Lord both in spirituall and temporall causes and that in the whole world iudging it Haereticall as saith Martinus to speake nay Sentire contrariū to thinke the contrary that he might subiect all others to this Soucraignty definitiuely determining it as a needfull thing to saluation for euery humaine creature to bee subiect to the Pope Iohn the 22. who expressely also affirmeth that to the Pope Terreni simul caelestis Imperij iura Deus ipse commisit God himselfe hath giuen the right both of the earthly of the heauenly kingdome that is both the Temporal and Ecclesiasticall Monarchy And to omit other particulars lastly may bee added the generall consent of all later Popes who yearely on the night of Christs Natiuity bestowes an hallowed sword of some great Prince whom it pleaseth him the Mystery of which gift as the Pope himselfe explaines it is to betoken thereby Potestatem summam temporalem à Christi pontifici collatum that the supreame Temporall power is giuen to the Pope by Christ according to those scriptures which most blasphemously the Popes apply to themselues all power is giuen to mee in heauen and in earth And againe hee shall rule from the one Sea to the other and from the floude vnto the worlds end Thus teach Carerius Bozius together with their Popes and Popish Confederates whose very wordes in so important a cause I haue now more at large and expressely alledged You do now euidently perceiue that these men who thought it a most ridiculous matter for Kinges to holde their Crownes immediately from God do teach and define it to bee a matter of Religion of Piety of Conscience yea of saluation to holde the same immediately from the Beast that is in truth from the verie Deuill for of the Beast the Apostle saith Apocalipse 13 1. that the Draggon which is the Diuell gaue the Beast his power and his Throne and his great Authoritie These are the fruites of Popish Religion and this the verie HELENA for which they so earnestly fight and contend Of which Positions though I might iustly say as did Saint HIEROME in another cause Sententias vestras prodidisse superesse est patet prima fionte blasphemia To haue recited your assertions is enough to refute them they are stamped with Blasphemy in the verie fore-heade yet as you haue willingly heard the iust defence of Regall Soueraignty so suffer me to speake somewhat also at this time against him who shewes himselfe in his colours to be Hostem humani generis the enemie not of one or two Kingdomes or some people and sort of men but the enemy of all mankind who most violently intrudes himselfe into the rightes and regalities of all Kings Christian and Heathen and like a wild Boare inuades the lands goods and possessions of all men in the world yea most sacrilegiously challengeth vnto himselfe that which is the peculiar prerogatiue and as I may say one of the Royalties of God Domini est terra The Earth is the Lords and all that is therein Psal. 24 1. I shall not neede to prooue that this priestly Monarchy was not known in the time of the old Testament of which not onely Aquina and Stapleton but Carerius himselfe expresly confesseth that the King had then power ouer the Priestes and might for their offences not onely haue depriued them of their spirituall offices but haue kild thē also that in the time of the old Testament the Kingdom was the Substantiue or superior the Priesthood was thē but an Adiectiue as depending in good congruity vpon the other though the Pope since hath altered that most congraeous Grāmer rule that seeing in the Old Testament the promises were onely temporall but in the New are eternall Mirum minime videri debet si in veteri testamento sū ma potestas fuerit Temporalis It must not seeme strange as he saith that the temporall power in the time of the Olde Testament was the Supreame So then though they pretend for this Soueraignty the Law of Nature yet by this expresse confession and cleare wordes of Aquinas and Carerius it is euident that this priestly Monarchy was not heard of for the first foure thousand yeares almost of the world In the New Testament what