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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A08326	An antidote or treatise of thirty controuersies vvith a large discourse of the Church. In which the soueraigne truth of Catholike doctrine, is faythfully deliuered: against the pestiferous writinges of all English sectaryes. And in particuler, against D. Whitaker, D. Fulke, D. Reynolds, D. Bilson, D. Robert Abbot, D. Sparkes, and D. Field, the chiefe vpholders, some of Protestancy, some of puritanisme, some of both. Deuided into three partes. By S.N. Doctour of Diuinity. The first part.; Antidote or soveraigne remedie against the pestiferous writings of all English sectaries	S. N. (Sylvester Norris), 1572-1630.	1622 (1622)	STC 18658; ESTC S113275	554,179	704

of that house is a prophane person And a little after He that gathereth not with you scattereth that is he that is not Christs is Antichrists To S. Augustine Number the Priests euen from Peters seate see who succeeded one another in that row of Fathers that is the Rocke which the proud gates of Hell do not ouercome And in another place That is it which hath obtained the top of authority Then he sayth The principality of the Apostolicall Chaire alwayes florished in the Roman Church Lastly The Bishop of that Sea hath the preheminence of higher roome in the pastorall watch-tower which is common to all Bishops For this cause the Church of Rome is tearmed The head of the world the head of all Churches by Prosper by Victor by Vincentius by the Emperour Iustinian and others To which Church as Irenaeus testifyeth for her more powerfull principality euery Church ought to repayre For this the Pope of Rome is worthily intituled The a Hiero. epist. 123. chiefe and highest Priest The b Ambr. com in 1. Tim. 3. ruler of the house of God The c Concil Chal. in epist ad Leonem act 1. head of the Church The d Synod Later sub Mar●ino Papa secret 2. Prince Doctor of the orthodoxall and immaculate fayth The e Stephanus Archiepis Carthag ep ad Dam. Father of Fathers The f Bern. l. 2. de consid Vicar of Christ The g Bern. ibid. Pastour of all Pastours The h Concil Constant 5. act 1. pag. 74. giuer of Light and pillar of the Church The i Valent. epist. ad Theodosium quae habetur inter praeambula Conc. Chaleed Iustinian Nouell constit 123. in edit Haloand lib. 1. Cod. de summa Trinitate Liberatus in Breuiario cap. 12. Sozom. lib. 3. cap. 7. most Blessed Bishop of the Citty of Rome to whome amiquity hath giuen the principality of Priest-hood aboue all other These last be the wordes of Valentinian the Emperour whome Iustinian Chrys Ep. ad Innocent Theod. in Ep. ad Leonem Sulpitius Seuer l. 2. sacr hist Epiph haer 42. Cyp. l. 1. Ep. 4 Epiph. haeres 68. ●este Paulo Diaco Anact in Symmacho Sigeber in chronic Extainter Epi. Agapeti Tō 1. ep Rom. Pontif. habetur ep Euti tom 2. Conc. edit Colon. ann 1606. pag. 510. Apud Leonem epist 68. following maketh also a solemne decree That according to the Definition of the foure Holy Councells of Nice of Constantinople of Ephesus and of Chalcedon the Pope of Rome is the chiefe of all Priests And he addeth No man doubteth but that the top or principality of the highest Bishopricke resteth in Rome 11. Besides these authorityes which are all impregnable the continuall practise and consent of all Nations approue the supremacy of the Pope of Rome and therfore to him as to the supreme and highest Iudge vpon earth appeales haue beene made from all partes of the world To giue you a tast of some few examples To whose high tribunall did Flauianus the Partriarch of Constantinople appeale from the second Councell of Ephesus but to the tribunall of Leo Pope of Rome Whose ayd and succour did Athanasius the Bishop of Alexandria implore oppressed by the Arrians but the ayd of Iulius the Pope of Rome Vnder whose wings did S. Iohn Chrysostome flye deposed in a Councell of many Bishops of the East but vnder the wings of Innocentius the Pope of Rome To him Theodoret to him Saluianus and Priscillian rebells vnto God and enemyes of that Sea condemned in a Synod at Caesar-Augustum to him Marcion to him Basilides deposed from his Bishopricke was faine to appeale To him Valens and Vrsacius came to giue an account and craue pardon for their treachery against Athanasius To Symmachus Pope of Rome 220. or 225. Bishops as others report banished their seates by King Thrasimond fled for reliefe who honourably maintained them at his owne charges 82. To the Pope of Rome as to the anker of fayth oracle of truth the faythfull were wont to direct the Summe of their beliefe the greatest Clarkes their bookes and writings most famous Councells their Canons and decrees So Iustinian the Emperour sent the profession of his fayth to Agapetus the Pope Eutychius the Patriarch of Constantinople to Vigilius the Pope Proterius the Patriarch Aug. cōt 2. ep ●ela lib. 1. cap. 1. Inter Ep. Hormis Tom. 1. Ep. Rom. Pontif. Hiero. in exp li. Sym. ad Dama Concil Chal. in relat sanct Synod ad Leo. Con. Mileu 10. 2. p. ●01 inter ep Aug. 92. c. Cyp. teste Hier. dialo adu ●ucif Bils● pa. 1. p. 44. 45. 48. 49. Chrys Ep. 1. ad Inno. Tom. 5. Socrat. l. 2. cap. 15. Hier. in symb exp ad Damas Aug. con 2. Epis Pelag l. 1. c. 1. Theod Ep. ad Leonē Commen eius in Paul praefix of Alexandria to Leo the Pope So S. Augustine sent his workes to Pope Boniface to be examined and amended Possessor a Bishop of Africa his commentaries vpon S. Paul to Hormisda S. Hierome his explication vpon the Creed to Damasus So the Councell of Chalcedon sent their Canons to Leo the Pope The Mileuitan Councell held in Numidia the cause of Pelagius to Pope Innocentius And S. Cyprian the Primate of Africa sent the decrees of the Councell of Carthage to Stephen the Pope Neyther were these thinges done as M. Bilson to obscure the truth and beguile his Reader craftily suggesteth for the common consent mutuall agreement publike liking of the Bishops in euery Prouince because then the like resorts should haue been made to other Primates as well as to the Pope but they were made to him as to the Vicar Generall of Christ and ruler of his whole Church who had power and authority to examine the causes punnish the faultes reforme the abuses approue the fayth condemne the heresies establish the decrees reuerse the sentences of all other Bishops as the Letters the Complaints the Suites the Embassages the Petitions the whole History of the former Appellants and other resorters vnto Rome beare witnesse 13. S. Iohn Chrysostomes letters were to request Innocentius To pronounce the proceedings of the Bishops of the East voyd and of no force to punish with Ecclesiasticall Censures the Authours of that disorder S. Athanasius his complaint was of the wrong offered him by the Emperor a great assembly of Easterne Bishops who wrongfully thrust him from his Bishopricke And Iulius the Pope of Rome as Socrates relateth by the prerogatiue of the Roman Sea wrote threatning letters in his behalfe and restored him to his place rebuking them who rashely deposed him S. Hieromes suite to Damasus was If any thing be here vnaduisedly set forth we entreate it may be amended by thee who holdest the fayth seat of Peter The like suite S. Augustine made to Bonifacus Theodorets supplication to Leo was this I humbly request beseech your Holynesse in this case to ayde me appealing

to your iust and vpright iudgement command me to come before you And in his Epistle to Renatius the Priest Idem in Epist ad Renatū praesbit In rela S. Synod Chal●ed ad B. Papam Leonem I beseech thee sayth he to perswade the most holy Archbishop Leo that he vse his Apostolicall authority and command our appearance before his Councell For that holy Seat holdeth the sterne of gouernement ouer all Churches of the world 14. The Embassage of the Fathers of the Chalcedon Councell was To haue their decrees confirmed by Leo Saying we are suppliants vnto you and doe you honour our iudgement with your decrees as we haue ioyned to our head conformity in things that be good so let your Highnesse performe that which beseemeth to your children To the same purpose Marcianus the Emperour Osiand in Epist Cēt. ● p. 182. prayed him to confirme the fayth which there was defined The petition of the first Councell held at Arles to Pope Siluester in the tyme of Constantine the Great was this That for the Rog●●nus igitur tuis decretis nostrū bonora iudicium sicut nos capiti in bonis adiccimus consonantiā sic summitas tua filiis quod decet adimpleat ex Epist 59. Leo. 60. eiusdē Habetur inter Ep. Hormisdae Tom. 1. Epist Rom. Pont. Extat in decret Agapeti to 2. Concil 553. or 45● according to the later Edition Sozon l. 8. c. 3. Socrates lib. 5. c. 15. Theod. Eccl. Hist lib. 5. cap. 23. Theod. ibid. vniforme obseruation of Easter day throughout the world he according to the custome should direct his letters to all Iustinus the Emperour referred the questions of fayth presented him by the Bishop to Hormisda the Pope requesting his resolution And the Emperour Iustinian after he had humbled himselfe to Pope Agapetus adored his Holynesse he beseeched him to adnance Me●●as a Catholike to the Catholike to the Patriarchall seat of Cōstantinople insteed of Anthimus the Heretike S. Iohn Chrysostome the Patriarch of Constantinople and Theophilus the Bishop of Alexandria intreated Damasus the Pope of Rome that Flauianus long vsurping the seat of Antioch might at length after the death of Paulinus be installed in his Bishoprike and pardoned his former fault And although he were much fauoured by all the East who cleaued vnto him and by Theodosius the Emperour who allowed him as farre as he could yet he twise commaūded him to repayre to Rome and neuer could he be canonically or peaceably enthroned vntill he sent Acatius the famous Bishop of Beroea with other illustrious Prelates to the sea Apostolike by whom he obteined the consent and approbation of the Pope 15. Not the suites of Emperous only not the supplication or intreaty of forren Bishops but the iurisdiction also and authority which the Pope hath alwayes practised witnesse his soueraignty ouer the whole flocke of Christ. For he made lawes which did bind the whole Church he called Councells censured Princes excommunicated Bishops deposed Patriarches restored them to their seats who were vniustly depriued of their dignityes For example a Leo. Epist 1. ad Episcop Camp c. Leo writeth to the Bishops of Campania of Picenum and of Tuscia how he and his Predecessours constitutions obliged them all The same b Leo ep 87. Ep. 93. ad Turb Leo summoned to a generall Councell the Bishops of Tarracone Lusitania France and Carthage c Nicep l. 13. c. 34. Innocentius the first thundred the sentence of Excommunication against Arcadius the Emperour and Eudoxia the Empresse Agaynst d The Centurist● Cent. 5. Col. ●●● Theophilus also Bishop of Alexandria e Liberatus c. 18. Felix excommunicated Acatius the Patriarch of Constantinople f Euseb l. 5. ca. 24. Victor the 15. Pope after S. Peter not somewhat Popelike as g Sparks in his answere to M. Iohn Albins preface M. Sparkes scoffeth at him exceeding his bounds but by the priuiledge of his supreme transcendent authority censured in like manner all the Bishops of Asiae for dissenting from the Roman Church in celebrating the feast of Easter h Zona in vita Iustin. Agapetus the Pope deposed Anthimus i Galas Ep. ad epis Darda Leo Dioscorus k Theod. l. 5 histo c. 23. Damasus Flauianus three Patriarches one of Constantinople another of Alexandria the third of Antioch And on the other side l Conc. Chal. act 1. Leo restored Theodoret the famous Bishop of Cyrus to his sea deposed by the 2. Councell of Ephesus m Cyp. l. 3. ep 13. S. Cyprian wrote to Pope Stephen to depose Marcian the Bishop of Orleance and install another in his roome n ●elas ep ad Epis Dardaniae Socrat. l. 2. c. 15. Cent. 4. col 550. Iulius the first of that name restored to their Bishoprikes Athanasius of Alexandria Paulus of Constantinople and other Catholike Bishops of the East expelled by the Arians And this he did as the Centurists cōfesse out of Socrates fraetus Romanae Ecclesiae prerogatiua By the prerogatiue of the Roman Church And Sozomenus sayth of the same Iulius When for the dignity of his Sea the care of all appertayned vnto him he restored euery one to his Church Zozom l. 3. c. 7. Euag. l. 1. c. 4. Phot. l. de 7. Syn. Leo ep 47. Leo ep 84. idem ep 87. Gela. ep ad Epi. Dard. Galf. l. 9. cap. 11. Leo ep 84. Greg. l. 4 ep 52. Innocent 1. ep 26. ad Con. Mile extat inter epi. Aug. Conc. Cbal act 1. Patet ex Leo. ep 55. ad Pulch. Basil epist 52. ad Athanasiū Conc. Nicenum 1. c. 6. ex Nicolao 1. ep ad Mich. Imp. vide S. Greg in Regist epi passim Idem S. Greg. in Regis l. 12. c. 15. vsum tibi pallij ad sola missarum solemnia agenda concedimus Bedel ● hist c. 19. 2. hist c. 8. God win in the Catal of Bishops Beda l. 2. c. 17. Fox act p. 185. 16. In fine the Pope of Rome hath alwayes had his legates presidents and chiefe in all Oecumenicall Councells as Hosius Vitus and Vincentius in the first Councell of Nice S. Cyril in the Councell of Ephesus Paschasius and Lucentius in the Councell of Chalcedon He hath had his Vicars generall in all forrayne and remote Countreyes Anastasius Bishop of Thessalonica in Grece Potentius in Afrike Acatius Patriarch of Constantinople in Egypt Dubritius Arch-bishop of Wales primate of Britany in England To him as to the highest Iudge the weightyest causes from all partes of the world haue been still directed Without him no generall Councell can be kept or assembled By him tumultuous Synods haue been euer disanulled From him most ample priuiledges dignityes and prerogatiues haue byn granted to Bishops Pathiarches Kings and Princes To mention some particulars From him the Patriarch of Constantinople had the preeminence of the highest Sea after Rome iurisdiction ouer Egypt

Councell expoundeth it should not be ●roden on and defiled by mens feet With the like cosenage they quote a Canon of the Elibertine Councell as though it discharged all Churches of the vse of Images whereas the Councell allowing all Tables and portable Pictures commanded only by reason of the incursions of the Gothes which often happened at that tyme no Image should be painted and engrauen on the wals and windowes of the Church least that which is adored by Christians should be dishonoured and abused by sauage enemyes in their common ransackes and rifling of the Temples 31. Then they produce certaine wordes out of a Conc. Nic. 2 act 6. Bils 4. par pag. 601. proscript of S. Epiphanius Epistle Disswading images to be brought into Churches or erected in Church-yardes or tolerated in priuate houses conuinced in the 7. Synod to be inserted by heretikes where the fable of the painted veile is proued also to be fabulous which the fornamed Epiphanius Baron an Christ 392. caused as they pretend to be cast out of the Church Or he commanded that veile to be remoued and torne in peeces because it was the Picture of a prophane man seeming to be the Image of Christ or some Saint as the wordes themselues import and Baronius in his Ecclesiasticall History diligently vnfoldeth 32. Notorious is the Centurists and Caluins fraud in alleadging to this purpose two vnlawfull Councells tumultuously assembled at Constantinople the one vnder Leo Isaurus the other vnder Constantine Copronimus two pernicious Cent. 8. c. 9 Calu. l. 1. Inst c. 11. Abbas Vrs p●●g in Chron. Bils 4. par pag. 547. Heretikes and as a graue Historiographer chronicleth them Fore-runners of Antichrist Lesse notable yet no lesse dangerous is M. Bilsons legier-de-main in crazing the 2. Nicen and extolling the credit of the Councell of Franckeford where the Churches sayth he of England France Italy Germany c. condemned the former Nicen in behalfe of Images A mighty condemnation if iuridically pronounced as crafty a Collusion if wickedly procured if guilfully extorted The guile lurked in the Authour of the bastardly bookes ascribed to Charles who perswaded the Councell of Franckeford first that the Bishops assembled in the 7. Synod at Nice decreed Images to be worshiped Epist Adri. act 2. subscrip in omnibus actionib Confes act 7. Recant act 1. 3. Centu. 8. cap. 9. Paul Dia. l. 23. Rerū Rom. Cedr in comp hist Iuo 4. p. c. 147. Bils 4. p. pag. 551. 565. Rein. de dol Rom. Ec. l. 1. c. 2. with the Diuine honour of Latria secondly that this Councell was celebrated without the authority of the Pope of Rome Both false depositions as the Epistle of Adrian the Pope the subscription of his Legates the confession of the Councell it selfe the recantation of Basil the Bishop of Ancyra of Constantine the Bishop of Cyprus can testify who abiuring their Heresyes allowed the Religious yet not the godly worship of Images The Deuines notwithstanding of Franckeford mistaken in this matter of fact by that faythlesse deponent disanulled the second Councel of Nice accursed them who assigned to Pictures the worship of Latria and those withall who should seeke to abolish them Which point M. Bilson concealed as little fauouring his cause Or if this Coūcell had fauoured it could not haue steeded him against the former A priuate Councell cannot impeach a publike a latter a more ancient a Councell from which if the Centurists deceiue vs not the Pope and his Legats dissented a Councell approued by the supreme authority of Pope and Prelate as the 2. Nicen was first by Adriā then by Leo the third of that name as Paulus Diaconus Cedrenus and Iuo accord 33. Lastly for the vpshoot and conclusion of their perfidious dealing M. Bilson and M. Reynoldes oppose certaine passages of the Fathers The fact of Ezechias the Idolatry Epiph. haeres 27. Aug. haer 7. Greg. l. 7. ep 109. l. 9. ep 9. Ambr. de Obitu Theodo Aug. de moribu● Eccl. Cath. l. 1. c. 34. Caiet in 3● part q. 25. art 3 of Marcellina Carpocrates the Gnostikes detested by S. Augustine Irenaeus c. detested also by vs. For they as S. Epiphanius and S. Augustine teach had the Pictures of Heathens Homer Plato Pythagoras in equall esteeme and reuerence with the pictures of Christ of Paul c. They burned incense and offered Sacrifices to their Images worshiping them as Gods which we renounce King Ezechias abhorred when he brake the Brasen Serpent in peeces for the like crime committed by the Iewes S. Gregory S. Ambrose S. Augustine with the rest condemne in such places as they speake against the worshiping of Images For as Caietan very learnedly obserueth The Fathers sometime say Picturs ought not to be adored Sometyme they write that they ought They ought not to be worshiped absolutly for themselues not with Sacrifices or Godly homage but they ought to be honoured respectiuely with reference to the Originalls with a deuout and Religious kind of worship as by Scriptures Fathers Councels and vnanswerable proofes I haue manifestly declared to such as will not shut their eyes against the light of truth THE FIFTEENTH CONTROVERSY MAINTAINETH Purgatory and Prayer for the Dead agaynst D. Field and D. Fulke CHAP. I. HAVING mantained the honour of Aug. l. de baer c. 35. Epiph. haer 75. Guido in summa de haeres Field l. 3. c. 17. in append 1. part p. 42. 43. c. Fulke in c. 12. Matth. sect 6. in 1. 10. 1. sect 5. our noble Patrons the glorious and triumphant Saintes in Heauen the worship of their Images the veneration of their Reliques now I come to defend the cause of our humble suppliantes the poore afflicted soules in Purgatory the place of their punishment the reliefe they receaue by our prayers suffrages The later whereof was first gainesayd by Aerius as S. Augustine and Epiphanius the former by the Waldenses as Guido reporteth and both are now denyed by D. Field D. Fulke and all Protestants vpon these three groundes First for that they suppose after the guilt of sinne remitted no punishment remaineth to be expiated either heer by our satisfactory workes or heerafter by the paines of Purgatory Secondly for that they allow no distinction betwixt mortall and veniall sinnes Thirdly because no mention is made in Scripture or in the Primitiue Church either of Purgatory or Praier for the Dead Their former groūd I haue ouerthrowen in the treatise of Satisfaction now to refute the second Some Protestams imitating the old Heretikes Iran l. 1. adu haeres of whom Iraeneus writeth who spake like Catholikes and meant farre otherwise admit with vs the names of Veniall and Mortall sinnes but in a farre different sense Calu. lib. 2. Inst c. 8. in Antido 2 to Concil Trident. sect 6. c. 12. Eulke in c. 1. 1. ep 10. sect 5. Caluin will haue all sinnes Veniall to the Elect because they

Lybia and Pentapolis From him the Bishops of France of Spayne of Greece haue receaued their Archiepiscopall robes or ornaments From him S. Augustine our Apostle of England and first Arch-bishop of Canterbury amongst the Saxons from him all other Arch-bishops euen to the Conquest receiued their pals which in signe of their subiection to the Pope and honour deriued from S. Peters Sea is first layed vpon his holy Tombe and from thence sent to the Arch-bishop Thus our King Edwin for S. Paulin and Honorius King Rufus for S. Anselme obtayned their Episcopall Palls 17. To be briefe from him Kings and Emperours haue receaued some their Scepters Crownes and Regalityes some singular fauours and tytles of honour others their very manner and forme of coronation So a Alber. Krant l. 2. Pipin was created King of Italy by Leo the Third b Blond dec 2. Stephen King of Hangary by Sergius the Pope c li. 7. hist Scoto Edgar King of Scotland by Vrban the Second d Paul Diacon l. 23. rerum Romana Charles the Emperour of the Romans by Leo the Third The e S. Thomas l. 3. de regi princ co 19. Stow ann 1521. and Onuphri chro 1520. King Iams in his Declar concōcerning his proceding in the cause of D. Conradus V or-● stius p. 36. Thomas Bozius de fignis Eccles Tomo 2. l. 17. Signo 77. Papyrius Masso l. 3. Annal. in vita Henr. primi Bils 1. p. pag. 83. 84. 93. 94. 97. 98. part 2. p. 137. 138. 139 c. Sabellicus Aene. 9. l. 1. Atha ad soli vitam agentes seauen Electours of the Empire were all chosen and ordaynad by Gregory the Fifth Our King Henry the second was first intituled to the Lordship of Ireland by the gift of Adrian the Fourth Pope of that name And as the honourable stile of Catholike in Spayne most Christian in France so the no lesse memorable and renowned tytle I mentioned before of defender of the Fayth in which our Soueraygne King Iames gloryeth more as himselfe protesteth then in the tytle of King of great Britany was first graunted to King Henry the eight by the Pope of Rome But whome also the solemne manner of Crowning both our sundry other Kings hath byn instituted prescribed and is to this day obserued For example the King of France is consecrated anonynted by the Archlishop of Rhemes according to the ordinance of Hormisda the Pope The King of England by the Arch-bishop of Canterbury according to the grant of Adrian the Third The King of Scotland by the Arch-bishop of S. Andrew according to the prescription of Vrban the Second The King of Germany by the Arch-bishop of Mentz The King of Bohemia by the Arch-bishop of Prage and diuers others by such as the Pope appointed By these and a thousand other presidents the supremacy of all spirituall power is more then manifest in the Sea of Rome 18. But D. Bilson opposeth some Kings and Princes of Greece of Germany of France England who resisted the Pope Some who deposed him Some Emperours who commanded in matters Ecclesiasticall To what purpose is this Might not inferiours resist and persecute their Superiours as Nero persecuted and killed S. Peter Might they not wrongfully depose or rather force them as Sabellicus writeth of Henry the third to forgoe the Papacy Might not Emperours vsurpe the function authority of Priests as Oza in the old law and Constantius the Emperour did in the new whom Athanasius Hosius Leontius and S. Hilary sharply rebuke for his Hosius in litteris ad Constant ibi recitatis Leontius pud Suid. in Leontio Hilar. l. cōt Const Aug. epist 162. Iustin in Nouella constit 3. Nouella 123. 133. in edit Haloand Leg. Franciae l. 2. 2. Codice Theod. L. 26. tit 4. de relig §. Ea quae Ruff. l. 1. cap. 1. hist Eccl. ●● ep praeam Conc. Chal. In 6. Syn. act 1. See Cusan l. 3. de Concord Catho cap. 2. 10. 13. c. Bils par 2. pag. 155. 156. c. Leo Epist 24. 26. Bils 2. par p. 154. Ambros com 5. Ep. praefix tyranny therein The factes of Constantine of Iustinian of Theodosius and others with which M. Bilson furnisheth his large treatise are for the most part examples drawne frō the like abuse In which kind euen Constantine the Great waded so farre beyond the bounds of his vocation That as S. Augustine writeth of him he minded to aske pardon of the holy Bishops Or I answere that the precepts Kings and Emperours vsed the lawes they enacted in matters Ecclesiasticall were to corroborate strengthē renew the lawes of the Church Such were many lawes and commandments of Iustinian in which He followed as he sayth the holy Canons and holy Fathers Such the lawes of Charles of Lodowike of Ricaredus King of Spayne Such the decrees of Theodosius and Valentinian as by their owne Constitutions appeareth 19. After this manner I grant Emperours might call generall Councels as the especiall Aduocates of the Church As Constantine the Great summoned the Councell of Nice in Bithynia Ex Sacerdotum sententia According to the will and desire of the Priests as Ruffinus witnesseth Valentinian and Marcian the Councell of Calcedon by the consent of Leo. Constantine the fourth the sixt Generall Councell by the consent of Agatho Thus Emperours haue byn present in Councels as Protectours of the Bishops and Procurers of peace thus they haue subscribed as witnesses not as Iudges by priuiledge not by right Thus they haue commaunded the decrees to be obserued as executours not Superiours M. Bilson in Ecclesiasticall affayres 20. For these causes Popes and Bishops might of Christian charity humbly sue to Emperours to interpose their Temporall power in manner aforesayd as Leo did to Theodosius and his sister Pulcheria S. Ambrose with the Synode of Aquileia to Gratian Valentinian and Theodosius ioynt Emperours requesting their protection for the better defence and peaceable execution of what they had decreed because the Heretikes Valens and Attalus sought to disturbe them For the same peace and quietnesse S. Gregory writeth Greg. Ep. l. 2. c. 100. most submissiue letters to Mauritius the Emperour And what he and others of singular curtesy and charity performe will you say they do of duty whē he imitating his Mayster humbleth himselfe to the feete of his Infeririours Bils part 2. fol. 157. 158. Fulke in c. 2. 2. ad Thess sect 7. VVhit Caluin commonly all Protestants Greg. l. 4. Ep. 32. shall an act M. Bilson of such vertue blemish in your conceit or debase his dignity 21. But M. Fulke M. Whitaker and other M. Bilsons confederats often vpbrayd vs with that of S. Gregory where he calleth the name of Vniuersall Bishop A prophane proud sacrilegious and Anti-christian tytle I answere S. Gregory inueygheth not agaynst the good vse and meaning of the word vniuersall but agaynst the proud and presumptuous manner after which

Iohn the Patriarch of Constantinople vsurped it to himselfe to wit to be such an absolute and vniuersall Patriarch as to derogate from all others their Patriarchall dignity as diuers Catholike writers haue often demonstrated out of S. Gregoryes owne Epistles Greg. l. 4. Ep. 34. 36. Andreas Frisius de Eccles l. 2. 6. 10. p. 170. Yet if it may carry more credit with Protestants deliuered by Protestants themselues let them read what Andreas Frisius a famous Zuinglian Secretary to the King of Polonia wryteth Some there be who agaynst this office of vniuersall Superintendent obiect the authority of Gregory who sayth that such a tytle belongeth to the Precursour of Antichrist But the reason of Gregory is to be knowne and it may be gathered out of the words he repeateth in many Epistles That the tytle of vniuersall Bishop is contrary and doth withstand the grace which is commonly powred vpon all Bishops He therfore that should surname himselfe vniuersall Bishop nameth himselfe the only Bishop and taketh Bishoplike power from the rest Therefore this tytle he would haue to be reiected which is vsurped with the iniury of other Bishops And immediatly after Notwithstanding by other places it is euident that Gregory thought the charge principality of the whole Church was committed to Peter by the voyce of our Lord. And thus much he wrote plainly and almost word for word to the Emperour Maurice and strenghtned it by testimony of Scripture Thus he Plainly declaring that although S. Greg. l. 4. Ep. ●2 Gregory disliked the arrogant vsurpation of that name with iniury to the other Bishops yet he allowed the vniuersall dignity of one supreme Gouernour of the Church without wrong or derogation to any 22. To that which M. Bilson vrgeth of Councells Bils part ● p. 84. 85 86. 87. 88. c. deposing Popes I answere First they were vnlawfull assemblyes as the Councell of Brixia the Councell of Pisa according to Antoninus And the Councell of Basil although lawfully begun was then vnlawful when it deposed Eugenius Secondly I answere that lawfull Councells may in tyme of Schisme iudge and declare who is true Pope depose the vsurpers or perswade also the true Pope for quietnes sake to resigne his right which was all that the Councell of Constance defined practised in deposing Iohn the 23. Gregory the 12. and Benedict the 13. And therefore M. Bilson might haue well spared his paynes from tyring the learned and amazing the simple Reader with the vayne recitall of so many wild and vagrant hystories To proceed 23. This second point being proued that Peters Successour enioyeth his dignity it resteth I discusse why the Pope of Rome should rather inherite it then the Bishop of Antioch where Peter first sate or the Bishop of Ierusalem where Christ our Sauiour dyed For declaration whereof you must vnderstand that Christ neuer fixed his seat eyther at Ierusalem or at any other determinate place Agayne he hath none to succeed him he still continueth Haeb. 7. v. 24 his Euerlasting Priest-hood And that the Primacy should not remayne at Ierusalem the testimonyes of Scripture are most perspicuous S. Paul giueth a reason hereof The Priesthood being translated it is necessary that a translation of the law Haeb. 7. v. 12. Matt. 21. v. 41. Act. 13. v. 46. also be made Christ forto●d it to the Iewes The Kingdome of God shall be taken from you and giuen to a Nation yielding the fruits thereof S. Paul and Barnabas testify the performance To you it behooued vs first to speake the word of God but because you repell it and iudge your selues vnworthy of eternall life behold we turne to the Gentils 24. If Caluin had weyghed these places well they might haue instructed him why the seat of Christs Lieutenant was not placed at Ierusalem the chiefe Citty of the Iewes but in the chiefe and principall Citty of the Gentils It might haue also informed M. Bilson why at Rome rather then at Antioch because it was meete as Saint Leo doth often insinuate That the Citty of Superstition Leo 1. de na●a Apost Pet. Paul Marcel Ep. ad presbyt Antioch Anaclet ad omnes Presbyt Hieron de viris illust in vit Pet. Damas in vit eiusdō Euseb in Chron. an 44. Hieron de viris Illusta in Petro. might be made the Chiefe Seate of Religion For this cause albeit he first sate at Antioch for the space of seauen yeares yet after as Saint Marcellus Anacletus Saint Hierome and Damasus auouch he translated his throne to the Citty of Rome and there continued Bishop as Eusebus Saint Hierome and other Hystoriographers testify 25. yeares There he ended his life with a glorious Martyrdome There he resigned or rather surceased his Pastorall charge Wherefore seing he only is inuested in the state of his Predecessour who succeedeth him yielding vp eyther by natural death or voluntary resignation his whole former dignity and not he who succeedeth only in his place or partaketh some part of his charge the reason is cleare why Linus the Pope of Rome and not Euodius Bishop of Antioch is Peters Successour because in Rome he sate last in Rome he sate longest in Rome he resigned his Episcopall dignity 25. We see when the King changeth and remoueth his Court from one Citty to another the Magistrate he placeth in his former residence he appointeth no heyre or Successour to the right of his Kingdome When the throne of the Empire was translated from Milan from Treuers from Antioch and other places the Gouernours of those Cittyes did not thereby vsurpe the Imperiall crowne no more can the Bishop of Antioch challenge the scepter of Peters supremacy after that Peter translated his seate from thence after that he aduanced it to the Citty of Rome and there continued it vntill the houre of his death Neuertheles he often departed thence during this tyme into diuers other countreyes about the affayres of the Church 26. And it hath pleased God so to confirme the continuall succession of his chiefe Vicars in the Blessed Sea that notwithstanding many cruell and mighty Tyrants haue bent their whole endeauours to disturbe them from thence notwithstanding they haue beene often banished into remote and barbarous Countreys as Clemens by Traian in Chersonesum the North part of Asia Cornelius Thomas Bozius de signis Eccl. Tomo 2. l. 17. signo 78. Baronius in Auna anno chri 200. 255. by Decius to Centumcellas Liberius by Constantius into Thrace Martin by the same into Pontus and forty such like notwithstanding 33. one after another haue beene put to the sword notwithstanding their remoue for a tyme to Viterbo Auenion Rauenna Yet the Pope haue still returned and the Sea continued at Rome All other Patriarchall seates haue beene shaken in pieces but that of Rome no deaths no banishments no Tyrannies of men or malice of Sathan could euer ouerthrow That hath perseuered for the space of 1620. yeares and

these hauty speaches in Leo and I thinke that the Mistery of iniquity so wrought through his ambitious adaduancing Peter that of the Egges which he cherished two of the most venemous Cockatrices were bred that euer poysoned the Church of Christ The one the Popes Supremacy c. The other the worshiping of Saints 31. What sayth he of Saint Hierome Hierome to Reyn. c. 4. diuis 3. fol. 134. Hieron ad Aug. ep 11. inter ep Aug. Reyn. c. 4. diuis 1. fol. 133. Rein. c. 4. diuis 1. fol. 116. 117. mayntaine his quarrell agaynst Augustine wrote of affection more what he fancied then of discretion what be thought And when we Catholikes alleadge that sentence of his Paul not had security of preaching the Ghospell vnlesse it had beene approued by the sentence of Peter c. Mayster Reynolds answereth That we discouer the nakednesse of the Fathers c. And prayse the beauty of their blemishes and thinke them best clad when they are naked most Thus of Saint Hierome What of Saint Chrysostome That which Peter might haue done as Chrysostome supposeth would infer a greater Primacy then Peter had if it were true but the Scripture sayth it not The Fathers write some thinges 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by way of prayse and commendation c. Wherein if their words should be rigorously sifted Reyn. c. 4. diuis 3. fol. 132. cap. 4. diuis 2. fol. 123. Ibid. c. 7. diuis 9. fo 285. Bern. l. 2. de Conside the truth is somtymes ouerlashed Of Maximus of Isidore of Theodoret what Father Maximus did dote Isidore ouershot himselfe by slip of memory Theodoret serued his owne cause 32. Is Saint Gregory then Is Saint Bernard of more credit with him Gregory quoth he was somewhat troubled Gregory had a louing affection to Rome Will you giue me leaue to thinke of him as Christ of Peter That he knew not what he sayd That worthy passage is cited out of Saint Bernard vvriting of Eugenius Thou art the Prince of Bishops thou the Heyre of the Apostles Thou art for Primacy Reyn. c. 6. Diuis 4. fol. 226. Abel for gouernement Noe for Patriarch-ship Abraham for order Melchisedech for dignity Aaron for authority Moyses for Iudgement Samuel for power Peter for vnction Christ. Mayster Reynoldes answereth Your men esteeme this place of Bernard very highly and make a feast of it I maruell they are not ashamed to alleadge it For to call the Pope heyre of Saint Peter it were a great excesse of speach much greater to call him heyre of the Apostles But to call him Christ that is so great that any modest man who were Bernardes friend would rather lay his cloake vpon it then discouer it much lesse make boast of it Was euer heard a more audacious fellow who durst open his mouth agaynst heauen it it selfe and disgrace the vvritinges of so many Saints 33. And who art thou O Reynoldes that I should belieue thee before those Cyprians those Chrysostomes those Gregoryes those Bernardes whome thou reprouest Who art thou that I shold rather iudge the greatest faults in them then the least spot or blemish in thee Shall I deeme Leo ambitious Hierome naked Gregory troubled Cyprian to haue varyed from the word of God and only Reynoldes to haue vnderstood it aright Can any man be perswaded that Chrysostome ouerlashed Maximus doted Isidore ouershot himselfe Theodoret serued his own cause and Iohn Reynoldes spake sincerly that Bernards shame deserued a cloake and Reynoldes beauty was worthy to be displayed Can a man thinke so many godly Popes miscaryed with affection all Ecclesiasticall Hystories wide and only Reynoldes to hit the marke Truly he were eyther sottishly peruerse or frowardly blind whosoeuer would seeme so partiall on his side whosoeuer I say vpon the slanderous deposition of such a faythlesse witnesse should depriue the Pope of his soueraygne dignity ouer the whole Church which God and his Saintes haue imparted vnto him The end of the second Booke THE THIRD BOOKE THE TWELVTH CONTROVERSY FREETH The true worshippe of Saints of their Shrines and Reliques from Idolatry Agaynst D. Bilson D. Reynoldes and D. Fulke CHAP. 1. THE Prince of darknesse our professed enemy as he alwayes enuyed the glory of God and repined at the felicity and happynesse of man so he euer sought to impayre the honour of the one deface the dignity preheminence of the other To this end he leuied See Irae l. 1. c. 22. ler. in Catal Epip baer 68. his infernall forces first agaynst the Diuine Maiesty it selfe agaynst the first person in Trinity stying vp Simon Magus Basilides and others to deny the first article of our Creed That God the Father created beauen and earth Then agaynst the second person he banded Ebion Chrinthus Arius who robbed our Sauiour Christ of his Diuinity and Equality with his Father Agaynst the third he armed Concil 2. Constant cont Mac. Ambr. l. 1. de fide c. 1. 2. c. Macedonius who impiously impugned the Diuinity of the holy Ghost Agaynst them all iointly Sebellius who wickedly gainsayed the distinction of the Persons But when this diabolicall battery could no way preuayle he mounted his Ordinance agaynst the blessed Angels and Saintes of God He suggested Eustachius in the yeare of Basil in orat con Sabellium our Lord 300. Eunomius and Vigilantius about the same tyme to fight agaynst the honour the vniuersall Church exibited vnto the happy soules which raygne in heauen whose poyson Wicklisse after swallowed vp and is now disgorged by M. Caluin M. Bilson M. Reynoldes M. Fulke Calu. l. 1. Inst c. 11. §. 11. Bils 4. p. pag. 157. 561. 571. Rey. de ldol Rom. Eccl. 1. l. c. 8. Fulke in c. 14. Act. sect 2. in c. 19. Apoc. sect 4. Rey. ibid. c. 6. 8. and all moderne Protestants chiefly vpon this fond perswasion That there be only two sorts of honours Ciuill and Dixine the one proper to God the other peculiar to mortall men And seeing the seruants of God already departed cannot be reuerenced with Ciuill honour because they are absent nor with Diuine for feare of Idolatry no true worship but only as M. Reynoldes yieldeth an honest commemoration or decem burialt can belong vnto them This is the maine ground of M. Caluin of M. Fulke of whosoeuer which being once razed the Rampier of their defence and Fortresse of their folly is wholy ouerthrowne 2. First then I will deduce out of the cause it selfe and off-spring from whence honour ariseth out of Scriptures reasons vndeniable another kind of worship besides Ciuill and Godly which without danger of Idolatry may be allotted to Saintes Albeit Aristotle sayth Adoration and honour is in him that honoureth yet it hath for Etb 9. c. 2. his marke and obiect the excellency of the person worshipped in testimony whereof this signe of reuerence is submissiuely exhibited And therefore as there be three sortes of