esteem_n this_o john_n be_v with_o king_n alfred_n may_v be_v see_v in_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n roger_n hoveden_n matthew_n of_o westminster_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o the_o english_a history_n the_o king_n himself_o in_o the_o preface_n before_o his_o saxon_a translation_n of_o st._n gregory_n pastoral_n profess_v that_o he_o be_v holpen_v in_o that_o work_n by_o saxonic_n john_n his_o mass-priest_n by_o who_o if_o he_o do_v mean_v this_o john_n of_o we_o you_o may_v see_v how_o in_o those_o day_n a_o man_n may_v be_v hold_v a_o mass-priest_n who_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o think_v that_o he_o offer_v up_o the_o very_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n real_o present_a under_o the_o form_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v the_o only_a mass_n that_o our_o romanist_n take_v knowledge_n of_o of_o which_o wonderful_a point_n how_o ignorant_a our_o elder_n be_v even_o this_o also_o may_v be_v one_o argument_n that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o wonderful_a thing_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n before_o allege_a pass_v this_o quite_o over_o which_o be_v now_o esteem_v to_o be_v the_o wonder_n of_o all_o wonder_n and_o yet_o do_v he_o profess_v that_o he_o 21._o purpose_v to_o pass_v over_o nothing_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o scripture_n wherein_o they_o may_v seem_v notable_o to_o swerve_v from_o the_o ordinary_a administration_n in_o other_o thing_n chap._n v._n of_o chrism_n sacramental_a confession_n penance_n absolution_n marriage_n divorce_n and_o single_a life_n in_o the_o clergy_n that_o the_o irish_a prosine_n do_v baptize_v their_o infant_n without_o any_o consecrate_a chrism_n lanfranc_n make_v complaint_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o terdeluacus_n or_o tirlagh_n the_o chief_a king_n of_o that_o country_n and_o bernard_n report_v that_o malachias_n in_o his_o time_n which_o be_v after_o the_o day_n of_o lanfranc_n and_o pope_n hildebrand_n do_v malachiae_fw-la of_o the_o new_a institute_n the_o most_o wholesome_a use_n of_o confession_n the_o sacrament_n of_o confirmation_n and_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n all_o which_o he_o say_v the_o irish_a before_o be_v either_o ignorant_a of_o or_o do_v neglect_v which_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o confession_n may_v receive_v some_o further_a confirmation_n from_o the_o testimony_n of_o alcuinus_fw-la who_o write_v unto_o the_o scottish_a or_o as_o other_o copy_n read_v the_o gothish_n and_o commend_v the_o religious_a conversation_n of_o their_o laity_n who_o quercetanâ—_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o worldly_a employment_n be_v say_v to_o lead_v a_o most_o chaste_a life_n condemn_v notwithstanding_o another_o custom_n which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v continue_v in_o that_o country_n for_o ibid._n it_o be_v say_v quot_fw-la he_o that_o no_o man_n of_o the_o laity_n will_v make_v his_o confession_n to_o the_o priest_n who_o we_o believe_v to_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o lord_n christ_n the_o power_n of_o bind_v and_o lose_v together_o with_o the_o holy_a apostle_n they_o have_v no_o reason_n indeed_o to_o hold_v as_o alcuinus_fw-la do_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o confess_v unto_o a_o priest_n all_o the_o sin_n they_o can_v remember_v but_o upon_o special_a occasion_n they_o do_v no_o doubt_n both_o public_o and_o private_o make_v confession_n of_o their_o fault_n aswell_o that_o they_o may_v receive_v counsel_n and_o direction_n for_o their_o recovery_n as_o that_o they_o may_v be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o key_n for_o the_o quiet_v of_o their_o trouble_a conscience_n whatsoever_o the_o gothish_n do_v herein_o by_o who_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o languedok_n in_o france_n where_o alcuinus_fw-la live_v sure_o we_o be_v that_o this_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o ancient_a scottish_a and_o irish._n so_o we_o read_v of_o one_o fiachna_n or_o fechnaus_fw-la that_o be_v touch_v with_o remorse_n for_o some_o offence_n commit_v by_o he_o he_o fall_v at_o st._n colmes_n foot_n lament_v bitter_o and_o ms._n confess_v his_o sin_n before_o all_o that_o be_v there_o present_a whereupon_o the_o holy_a man_n weep_v together_o with_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v return_v this_o answer_n ibid._n rise_v up_o son_n and_o be_v comfort_v thy_o sin_n which_o thou_o have_v commit_v be_v forgive_v because_o as_o it_o be_v write_v a_o contrite_a and_o a_o humble_a heart_n god_n do_v not_o despise_v we_o read_v also_o of_o adamanus_fw-la that_o be_v very_o much_o terrify_v with_o the_o remembrance_n of_o a_o grievous_a sin_n commit_v by_o he_o in_o his_o youth_n he_o 25._o resort_v unto_o a_o priest_n by_o who_o he_o hope_v the_o way_n of_o salvation_n may_v be_v show_v unto_o he_o he_o confess_v his_o guilt_n and_o entreat_v that_o he_o will_v give_v he_o counsel_n whereby_o he_o may_v flee_v from_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n that_o be_v to_o come_v now_o the_o counsel_n common_o give_v unto_o the_o penitent_a after_o confession_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v 27._o wipe_v away_o his_o sin_n by_o meet_a fruit_n of_o repentance_n which_o course_n bede_n observe_v to_o have_v be_v usual_o prescribe_v by_o our_o cuthbert_n for_o penance_n be_v then_o exact_v as_o testimony_n of_o the_o sincerity_n of_o that_o inward_a repentance_n which_o be_v necessary_o require_v for_o obtain_v remission_n of_o the_o sin_n and_o so_o have_v reference_n to_o the_o take_v away_o of_o the_o guilt_n and_o not_o of_o the_o temporal_a punishment_n remain_v after_o the_o forgiveness_n of_o the_o guilt_n which_o be_v the_o new_a find_v use_n of_o penance_n invent_v by_o our_o late_a romanist_n one_o old_a penitential_a canon_n we_o find_v lay_v down_o in_o a_o synod_n hold_v in_o this_o country_n about_o the_o year_n our_o lord_n ccccl_n by_o s._n patrick_n auxilius_n and_o isserninus_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v cantabrig_n a_o christian_n who_o have_v kill_v a_o man_n or_o commit_v fornication_n or_o go_v unto_o a_o soothsayer_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gentile_n for_o every_o of_o those_o crime_n shall_v do_v a_o year_n of_o penance_n when_o his_o year_n of_o penance_n be_v accomplish_v he_o shall_v come_v with_o witness_n and_o afterward_o he_o shall_v be_v absolve_v by_o the_o priest_n these_o bishop_n do_v take_v order_n we_o see_v according_a to_o the_o discipline_n general_o use_v in_o those_o time_n that_o the_o penance_n shall_v first_o be_v perform_v and_o when_o long_o &_o good_a proof_n have_v be_v give_v by_o that_o mean_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o party_n repentance_n they_o wish_v the_o priest_n to_o impart_v unto_o he_o the_o benefit_n of_o absolution_n whereas_o by_o the_o new_a device_n of_o sacramental_a penance_n the_o matter_n be_v now_o far_o more_o easy_o transact_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o key_n the_o sinner_n be_v instant_o of_o attrite_a make_v contrite_a and_o thereupon_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v make_v his_o confession_n he_o present_o receive_v his_o absolution_n after_o this_o some_o sorry_a penance_n be_v impose_v which_o upon_o better_a consideration_n may_v be_v convert_v into_o penny_n and_o so_o a_o quick_a end_n be_v make_v of_o many_o a_o foul_a business_n but_o for_o the_o right_a use_n of_o the_o key_n we_o full_o accord_v with_o claudius_n that_o 2._o the_o office_n of_o remit_v and_o retain_v sin_n which_o be_v give_v unto_o the_o apostle_n be_v now_o in_o the_o bishop_n and_o priest_n commit_v unto_o every_o church_n namely_o that_o have_v take_v knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o such_o as_o have_v sin_v as_o many_o as_o they_o shall_v behold_v humble_a and_o true_o penitent_a those_o they_o may_v now_o with_o compassion_n absolve_v from_o the_o fear_n of_o everlasting_a death_n but_o such_o as_o they_o shall_v discern_v to_o persist_v in_o the_o sin_n which_o they_o have_v commit_v those_o they_o may_v declare_v to_o be_v bind_v over_o unto_o never_o end_v punishment_n and_o in_o thus_o absolve_v such_o as_o be_v true_o penitent_a we_o willing_o yield_v that_o the_o pastor_n of_o god_n church_n do_v remit_v sin_n after_o their_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v ministerial_o and_o improper_o so_o that_o the_o privilege_n of_o forgive_a sin_n proper_o and_o absolute_o be_v still_o reserve_v unto_o god_n alone_o which_o be_v at_o large_a set_v out_o by_o the_o same_o claudius_n where_o he_o expound_v the_o history_n of_o the_o man_n sick_a of_o the_o palsy_n that_o be_v cure_v by_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o nine_o of_o s._n matthew_n for_o follow_v bede_n upon_o that_o place_n he_o write_v thus_o 1._o the_o scribe_n say_v true_a that_o none_o can_v forgive_v sin_n but_o god_n alone_o also_o forgive_v by_o they_o to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v the_o power_n of_o forgive_a and_o therefore_o be_v christ_n prove_v to_o be_v true_o god_n because_o he_o forgive_v sin_n as_o god_n they_o render_v a_o true_a testimony_n unto_o god_n but_o in_o deny_v the_o person_n of_o christ_n they_o
to_o make_v a_o journey_n into_o scotland_n the_o great_a scotland_n he_o mean_v and_o there_o to_o enter_v into_o s._n patrick_n purgatory_n and_o then_o he_o give_v he_o his_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v no_o more_o doubt_n of_o the_o pain_n of_o purgatory_n if_o doctor_n terry_n who_o commend_v this_o unto_o we_o as_o the_o testimony_n of_o 151._o a_o most_o famous_a author_n shall_v chance_v to_o have_v a_o doubtful_a thought_n hereafter_o of_o the_o pain_n of_o purgatory_n i_o will_v wish_v his_o ghostly_a father_n to_o enjoin_v he_o no_o other_o penance_n but_o the_o undertake_n of_o a_o pilgrimage_n unto_o s._n patrick_n purgatory_n to_o see_v whether_o he_o will_v prove_v any_o wise_a when_o he_o come_v from_o thence_o than_o when_o he_o go_v thither_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n until_o he_o have_v make_v some_o further_a experiment_n of_o the_o matter_n he_o shall_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o believe_v he_o that_o have_v be_v there_o and_o have_v cause_n to_o know_v the_o place_n as_o well_o as_o any_o the_o island_n wherein_o it_o be_v seat_v be_v hold_v by_o he_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n descend_v unto_o he_o from_o his_o ancestor_n and_o yet_o profess_v that_o he_o find_v nothing_o therein_o which_o may_v afford_v he_o any_o argument_n to_o think_v there_o be_v a_o purgatory_n i_o pass_v by_o that_o nennius_n and_o probus_n and_o all_o the_o elder_a writer_n of_o the_o life_n of_o s._n patrick_n that_o i_o have_v meet_v withal_o speak_v not_o one_o word_n of_o any_o such_o place_n and_o that_o dublin_n henry_n the_o monk_n of_o saltrey_n in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n stephen_n be_v the_o first_o in_o who_o i_o can_v ever_o find_v any_o mention_n thereof_o this_o only_a will_v i_o know_v of_o the_o doctor_n what_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v that_o where_o he_o bring_v in_o the_o word_n of_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la touch_v this_o place_n as_o 153._o a_o authentical_a authority_n he_o pass_v over_o that_o part_n of_o his_o relation_n wherein_o he_o affirm_v that_o s._n patrick_n intend_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o bring_v the_o rude_a people_n to_o a_o persuasion_n of_o the_o certainty_n 5._o of_o the_o infernal_a pain_n of_o the_o reprobate_n and_o of_o the_o true_a and_o everlasting_a life_n of_o the_o elect_a after_o death_n the_o grecian_n allege_v this_o for_o one_o of_o their_o argument_n against_o purgatory_n that_o whereas_o basileen_n their_o father_n have_v deliver_v unto_o they_o many_o vision_n and_o dream_n and_o other_o wonder_n concern_v the_o everlasting_a punishment_n wherewith_o the_o wicked_a shall_v be_v torment_v in_o hell_n yet_o none_o of_o they_o have_v declare_v any_o thing_n concern_v a_o purgatory_n temporary_a fire_n belike_o the_o doctor_n be_v afraid_a that_o we_o will_v conclude_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o s._n patrick_n be_v careful_a to_o plant_v in_o man_n mind_n the_o belief_n of_o heaven_n and_o hell_n but_o of_o purgatory_n teach_v they_o never_o a_o word_n and_o sure_o i_o be_o that_o in_o the_o book_n ascribe_v unto_o he_o de_fw-fr tribus_fw-la habitaculis_fw-la which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o his_o majesty_n library_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o other_o place_n after_o this_o life_n but_o of_o these_o two_o only_a i_o will_v lay_v down_o here_o the_o beginning_n of_o that_o treatise_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o any_o indifferent_a man_n whether_o it_o can_v well_o stand_v with_o that_o which_o the_o romanist_n teach_v concern_v purgatory_n at_o this_o day_n jacobaeâ—_n there_o be_v three_o habitation_n under_o the_o power_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o first_o the_o lowermost_a and_o the_o middle_n the_o high_a whereof_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n or_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n the_o lowermost_a be_v term_v hell_n the_o middle_n be_v name_v the_o present_a world_n or_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o extreme_n whereof_o be_v altogether_o contrary_a one_o to_o another_o for_o what_o fellowship_n can_v there_o be_v betwixt_o light_n and_o darkness_n betwixt_o christ_n and_o belial_n but_o the_o middle_n have_v some_o similitude_n with_o the_o extreme_n for_o in_o this_o world_n there_o be_v a_o mixture_n of_o the_o bad_a and_o of_o the_o good_a together_o whereas_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n there_o be_v none_o bad_a but_o all_o good_a but_o in_o hell_n there_o be_v none_o good_a but_o all_o bad_a and_o both_o those_o place_n be_v supply_v out_o of_o the_o middle_n for_o of_o the_o man_n of_o this_o world_n some_o be_v lift_v up_o to_o heaven_n other_o be_v draw_v down_o to_o hell_n namely_o like_v be_v join_v unto_o like_a that_o be_v to_o say_v good_a to_o good_a and_o bad_a to_o bad_a just_a man_n to_o just_a angel_n wicked_a man_n to_o wicked_a angel_n the_o servant_n of_o god_n to_o god_n the_o servant_n of_o the_o devil_n to_o the_o devil_n the_o bless_a be_v call_v to_o the_o kingdom_n prepare_v for_o they_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n the_o curse_a be_v drive_v into_o the_o everlasting_a fire_n that_o be_v prepare_v for_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angel_n thus_o far_o there_o hitherto_o also_o may_v be_v refer_v that_o ancient_a canon_n of_o one_o of_o our_o irish_a synod_n wherein_o it_o be_v affirm_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o body_n be_v etc._n present_v before_o the_o judgement_n seat_n of_o christ_n who_o render_v it_o own_o unto_o it_o according_a as_o it_o have_v do_v and_o that_o neither_o the_o archangel_n can_v lead_v it_o unto_o life_n until_o the_o lord_n have_v judge_v it_o nor_o the_o devil_n transport_v it_o unto_o pain_n unless_o the_o lord_n do_v damn_v it_o as_o the_o say_n of_o sedulius_n likewise_o that_o after_o the_o end_n of_o this_o life_n 7._o either_o death_n or_o life_n succee_v and_o that_o 3._o death_n be_v the_o gate_n by_o which_o we_o enter_v into_o our_o kingdom_n together_o with_o that_o of_o claudius_n that_o 3_o christ_n do_v take_v upon_o he_o our_o punishment_n without_o the_o guilt_n that_o thereby_o he_o may_v loose_v our_o guilt_n and_o finish_v also_o our_o punishment_n cardinal_n bellarmine_n indeed_o allege_v here_o against_o we_o the_o vision_n of_o furseus_n who_o 11._o rise_v from_o the_o dead_a tell_v many_o thing_n which_o he_o see_v concern_v the_o pain_n of_o purgatory_n as_o bede_n he_o say_v do_v write_v but_o by_o his_o good_a leave_n we_o will_v be_v better_o advise_v before_o we_o build_v article_n of_o faith_n upon_o such_o vision_n and_o dream_n as_o these_o many_o whereof_o deserve_v to_o have_v a_o place_n among_o â—30_n the_o strange_a narration_n of_o soul_n appear_v after_o death_n collect_v by_o damascius_n the_o heathen_a idolater_n rather_o than_o among_o the_o history_n and_o discourse_n of_o sober_a christian_n as_o for_o this_o vision_n of_o furscus_n all_o that_o bede_n relate_v of_o it_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v concern_v certain_a great_a fire_n above_o the_o air_n appoint_v to_o 19_o examine_v every_o one_o according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o his_o work_n which_o peradventure_o may_v make_v something_o for_o damascius_n his_o purgatory_n in_o circulo_fw-la lacteo_fw-la for_o in_o that_o circle_n make_v he_o b._n away_o for_o the_o soul_n that_o go_v to_o the_o hades_n in_o heaven_n and_o ibid._n will_v not_o have_v we_o wonder_v that_o there_o they_o shall_v be_v purge_v by_o the_o way_n but_o nothing_o for_o the_o papist_n purgatory_n which_o bellarmine_n by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o schoolman_n determine_v to_o be_v within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n else_o in_o the_o whole_a book_n of_o the_o life_n of_o furseus_n whence_o bede_n borrow_v these_o thing_n that_o look_v towards_o purgatory_n unless_o peradventure_o that_o speech_n of_o the_o devil_n may_v be_v think_v to_o give_v some_o advantage_n unto_o it_o furseâ—_n this_o man_n have_v not_o purge_v his_o sin_n upon_o earth_n neither_o do_v he_o receive_v punishment_n for_o they_o here_o where_o be_v therefore_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n as_o if_o god_n justice_n be_v not_o sufficient_o satisfy_v by_o the_o suffering_n of_o christ_n but_o man_n also_o must_v needs_o give_v further_a satisfaction_n thereunto_o by_o penal_a work_n of_o suffering_n either_o here_o or_o in_o the_o other_o world_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n upon_o which_o our_o romanist_n do_v lay_v the_o rot_a frame_n of_o their_o devise_a purgatory_n the_o late_a vision_n of_o malachias_n tundal_n owen_n and_o other_o that_o live_v within_o these_o last_o five_o hundred_o year_n come_v not_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o present_a inquiry_n nor_o yet_o the_o fable_n that_o have_v be_v frame_v in_o those_o time_n touch_v the_o life_n and_o action_n of_o elder_a saint_n whereof_o no_o wise_a man_n will_v make_v any_o reckon_n such_o for_o example_n be_v
be_v deceive_v and_o again_o ibid._n if_o it_o be_v god_n that_o according_a to_o the_o psalmist_n remove_v our_o sin_n as_o far_o from_o we_o as_o the_o east_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o west_n and_o the_o son_n of_o man_n have_v power_n upon_o earth_n to_o forgive_v sinnès_fw-fr therefore_o he_o himself_o be_v both_o god_n and_o the_o son_n of_o man_n that_o both_o the_o man_n christ_n may_v by_o the_o power_n of_o his_o divinity_n forgive_v sin_n and_o the_o same_o christ_n be_v god_n may_v by_o the_o frailty_n of_o his_o humanity_n die_v for_o sinner_n and_o out_o of_o s._n hierome_n ibid._n christ_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v god_n who_o can_v know_v the_o hide_a thing_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o after_o a_o sort_n hold_v his_o peace_n he_o speak_v by_o the_o same_o majesty_n and_o power_n whereby_o i_o behold_v your_o thought_n i_o can_v also_o forgive_v sin_n unto_o man_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o wonderful_a thing_n of_o the_o scripture_n observe_v these_o 7._o divine_a work_n in_o the_o same_o history_n the_o forgive_n of_o sin_n the_o present_a cure_n of_o the_o disease_n &_o the_o answer_v of_o the_o thought_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o god_n who_o search_v all_o thing_n with_o who_o for_o the_o property_n of_o behold_v the_o secret_a thought_n sedulius_n also_o do_v concur_v in_o those_o sentence_n 2._o god_n alone_o can_v know_v the_o hide_a thing_n of_o man_n ibid._n to_o know_v the_o heart_n of_o man_n and_o to_o discern_v the_o secret_n of_o their_o mind_n be_v the_o privilege_n of_o god_n alone_o that_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v either_o unknown_a or_o neglect_v by_o the_o irish_a before_o malachias_n do_v institute_v the_o same_o anew_o among_o they_o as_o bernard_n do_v seem_v to_o intimate_v be_v a_o thing_n almost_o incredible_a although_o 16._o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la do_v complain_v that_o the_o case_n be_v little_o better_a with_o they_o after_o the_o time_n of_o malachias_n also_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o those_o rude_a time_n i_o know_v be_v such_o as_o may_v easy_o induce_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o a_o great_a both_o neglect_n and_o abuse_v of_o god_n ordinance_n do_v get_v footing_n among_o this_o people_n which_o enormity_n malachias_n no_o doubt_n do_v labour_n to_o reform_v and_o withal_o peradventure_o bring_v in_o some_o new_a matter_n not_o know_v here_o before_o as_o he_o be_v very_o desirous_a his_o country_n man_n shall_v general_o conform_v themselves_o unto_o the_o tradition_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n but_o our_o purpose_n be_v here_o only_o to_o deal_v with_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o elder_a time_n in_o which_o first_o that_o marriage_n be_v not_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o sacrament_n may_v be_v collect_v from_o 1._o sedulius_n who_o reckon_v it_o among_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v gift_n indeed_o but_o not_o spiritual_a second_o for_o the_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n hinder_v marriage_n the_o synod_n attribute_v unto_o st._n patrick_n seem_v to_o refer_v we_o whole_o unto_o the_o levitical_a law_n prescribe_v therein_o ms._n neither_o less_o nor_o more_o than_o the_o law_n speak_v and_o particular_o against_o match_v with_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o decease_a brother_n which_o be_v the_o point_n so_o much_o question_v in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o this_o ms._n synodical_a decree_n be_v there_o urge_v the_o brother_n may_v not_o ascend_v into_o the_o bed_n of_o his_o decease_a brother_n the_o lord_n have_v say_v they_o two_o shall_v be_v one_o flesh_n therefore_o the_o wife_n of_o thy_o brother_n be_v thy_o sister_n whereupon_o we_o find_v also_o that_o our_o kilianus_n do_v suffer_v martyrdom_n for_o 644._o dissolve_v such_o a_o incestuous_a marriage_n in_o gozbertus_fw-la duke_n of_o franconia_n and_o that_o clemens_n scotus_n for_o maintain_v the_o contrary_n be_v both_o by_o 1618._o boniface_n archbishop_n of_o mentz_n and_o the_o e._n council_n hold_v at_o rome_n by_o pope_n zacharie_n in_o the_o year_n dccxlv_o condemn_a as_o a_o bringer_n in_o of_o judaism_n among_o christian_n yet_o how_o far_o this_o condemn_a opinion_n of_o his_o prevail_v afterward_o in_o this_o country_n and_o how_o foul_a a_o crime_n it_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v by_o other_o abroad_o notwithstanding_o the_o pope_n do_v now_o by_o his_o bull_n of_o dispensation_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v a_o fair_a matter_n of_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v perceive_v by_o this_o censure_n of_o giraldus_n 19_o moreover_o say_v he_o which_o be_v very_o detestable_a and_o most_o contrary_a not_o only_o to_o the_o faith_n but_o also_o unto_o common_a honesty_n brethren_n in_o many_o place_n throughout_o ireland_n do_v i_o say_v not_o marry_v but_o mar_v rather_o and_o seduce_v the_o wife_n of_o their_o decease_a brother_n while_o in_o this_o sort_n they_o filthy_o and_o incestuous_o have_v knowledge_n of_o they_o cleave_v herein_o not_o to_o the_o marrow_n but_o to_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n and_o desire_v to_o imitate_v the_o ancient_a in_o vice_n more_o willing_o than_o in_o virtue_n three_o touch_v divorce_n we_o read_v in_o sedulius_n that_o 7._o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a according_a to_o the_o precept_n of_o our_o lord_n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v put_v away_o but_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o fornication_n and_o in_o the_o synod_n ascribe_v to_o st._n patrick_n ms._n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o a_o man_n to_o put_v away_o his_o wife_n but_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o fornication_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v for_o this_o cause_n he_o may_v whence_o if_o he_o marry_v another_o as_o it_o be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o former_a they_o forbid_v it_o not_o who_o they_o be_v that_o do_v not_o forbid_v this_o second_o marriage_n be_v not_o there_o express_v that_o saint_n patrick_n himself_o be_v of_o another_o mind_n will_v appear_v by_o this_o constitution_n follow_v which_o in_o another_o ancient_a canon-booke_n i_o find_v cite_v under_o his_o name_n 66._o if_o any_o man_n wife_n have_v commit_v adultery_n with_o another_o man_n he_o shall_v not_o marry_v another_o wife_n as_o long_o as_o the_o first_o wife_n shall_v be_v alive_a if_o per_fw-la adventure_v she_o be_v convert_v and_o do_v penance_n he_o shall_v receive_v she_o and_o she_o shall_v serve_v he_o in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o maid-servant_n let_v she_o for_o a_o whole_a year_n do_v penance_n in_o bread_n and_o water_n and_o that_o by_o measure_n neither_o let_v they_o remain_v in_o the_o same_o bed_n together_o four_o concern_v single_a life_n i_o do_v not_o find_v in_o any_o of_o our_o record_n that_o it_o be_v general_o impose_v upon_o the_o clergy_n but_o the_o contrary_a rather_o for_o in_o the_o synod_n hold_v by_o st._n patrick_n auxilius_n and_o isserninus_n there_o be_v a_o special_a order_n take_v issernin_n that_o their_o wife_n shall_v not_o walk_v abroad_o with_o their_o head_n uncover_v and_o st._n patrick_n himself_o confess_v at_o leastwise_o the_o confession_n which_o go_v under_o his_o name_n say_v so_o and_o probus_n jocelinus_n and_o other_o that_o write_v his_o life_n agree_v therewith_o that_o he_o ms._n have_v to_o his_o father_n calphurnius_fw-la a_o deacon_n and_o to_o his_o grandfather_n potitus_n a_o priest_n for_o that_o be_v no_o new_a thing_n then_o among_o the_o briton_n who_o bishop_n therefore_o gildas_n do_v reprehend_v as_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n he_o do_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o laity_n that_o they_o be_v not_o content_a to_o be_v the_o husband_n of_o one_o but_o of_o many_o wife_n and_o that_o they_o corrupt_v their_o child_n by_o their_o evil_a example_n whereas_o gildas_n the_o chastity_n of_o the_o father_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v imperfect_a if_o the_o chastity_n of_o their_o son_n be_v not_o add_v thereunto_o nennius_n the_o elder_a historiographer_n of_o the_o briton_n which_o we_o have_v after_o he_o who_o in_o many_o copy_n also_o bear_v his_o own_o name_n write_v that_o book_n which_o we_o have_v extant_a of_o his_o to_o dunelmensi_fw-la samuel_n the_o child_n of_o benlanus_n the_o priest_n his_o master_n count_v it_o a_o grace_n rather_o than_o any_o kind_n of_o disparagement_n unto_o he_o to_o be_v esteem_v the_o son_n of_o a_o learned_a priest_n which_o make_v he_o in_o the_o bibliothecâ_fw-la verse_n prefix_v before_o the_o work_n to_o say_v christ_n tribuisti_fw-la patri_fw-la samuelem_fw-la nominata_fw-la but_o about_o 60._o or_o 70._o year_n after_o i_o find_v some_o partial_a eclipse_n here_o and_o the_o first_o i_o think_v of_o this_o kind_n that_o can_v be_v show_v among_o the_o briton_n in_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n where_o it_o be_v order_v that_o cottoniaâ—â_fw-la if_o a_o clerk_n of_o a_o low_a degree_n shall_v match_v with_o a_o woman_n and_o have_v a_o son_n by_o she_o and_o that_o clerk_n afterward_o
succeed_v he_o do_v tread_v just_a in_o his_o step_n so_o far_o that_o be_v put_v down_o in_o the_o synod_n of_o streanshal_n yet_o for_o fear_n of_o his_o country_n as_o before_o we_o have_v hear_v out_o of_o stephen_n the_o writer_n of_o the_o life_n of_o wilfrid_n he_o refuse_v to_o conform_v himself_o and_o choose_v rather_o to_o forgo_v his_o bishopric_n than_o to_o submit_v himself_o unto_o the_o roman_a law_n colmanusque_fw-la svas_fw-la inglorius_fw-la abjicit_fw-la arces_fw-la malens_fw-la ausonias_fw-la victus_fw-la dissolvere_fw-la leges_fw-la say_v fridegodus_fw-la neither_o do_v he_o go_v away_o alone_o but_o 4._o take_v with_o he_o all_o his_o countryman_n that_o he_o have_v gather_v together_o in_o lindisfarne_n or_o holy_a island_n the_o scottish_a monk_n also_o that_o be_v at_o rippon_n in_o yorkshire_n hripum_fw-la make_v choice_n rather_o to_o quit_v their_o place_n than_o to_o admit_v the_o observation_n of_o easter_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rite_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o so_o do_v the_o matter_n rest_n among_o the_o irish_a about_o forty_o year_n after_o that_o until_o their_o own_o countryman_n 22._o adamnanus_n persuade_v most_o of_o they_o to_o yield_v to_o the_o custom_n receive_v herein_o by_o all_o the_o church_n abroad_o the_o pict_n do_v the_o like_a not_o long_o after_o under_o king_n naitan_n who_o 22._o by_o his_o regal_a authority_n command_v easter_n to_o be_v observe_v throughout_o all_o his_o province_n according_a to_o the_o cycle_n of_o xix_o year_n abolish_n the_o erroneous_a period_n of_o lxxxiiii_o year_n which_o before_o they_o use_v and_o cause_v all_o priest_n and_o monk_n to_o be_v shear_v croune-wise_a after_o the_o roman_a manner_n the_o monk_n also_o of_o the_o island_n of_o hylas_n or_o y-columkille_a 23._o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o ecgbert_n a_o english_a priest_n that_o have_v be_v breed_v in_o ireland_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n dccxvi_o forsake_v the_o observation_n of_o easter_n and_o the_o tonsure_v which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o columkille_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n before_o and_o follow_v the_o roman_a rite_n about_o lxxx_o year_n after_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n honorius_n and_o the_o send_n of_o bishop_n aidan_n from_o thence_o into_o england_n the_o briton_n in_o the_o time_n of_o 24._o bede_n retain_v still_o their_o old_a usage_n until_o b._n elbodus_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a bishop_n of_o north-wales_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n dcccix_o as_o caradoc_n of_o lhancarvan_n record_v bring_v in_o the_o roman_a observation_n of_o easter_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o discipulus_fw-la his_o disciple_n nennius_n design_v the_o time_n wherein_o he_o write_v his_o history_n by_o the_o character_n of_o the_o id._n xix_o year_n cycle_n and_o not_o of_o the_o other_o of_o lxxxiv_o but_o howsoever_o north-wales_n do_v it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o west-wales_n which_o of_o all_o other_o part_n be_v most_o eager_o bend_v against_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n stand_v out_o yet_o long_o for_o we_o find_v in_o the_o greek_a writer_n of_o the_o life_n of_o chrysostome_n that_o certain_a clergy_n man_n which_o dwell_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o ocean_n repair_v from_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n unto_o constantinople_n in_o the_o day_n of_o methodius_n who_o be_v patriarch_n there_o from_o the_o year_n dcccxlii_o to_o the_o year_n dcccxlvii_o to_o inquire_v of_o 5._o certain_a ecclesiastical_a tradition_n and_o the_o perfect_a and_o exact_a computation_n of_o easter_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o these_o question_n be_v keep_v still_o a_o foot_n in_o these_o land_n and_o that_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n be_v seek_v for_o from_o hence_o as_o well_o as_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o be_v now_o make_v the_o only_a oracle_n of_o the_o world_n neither_o be_v it_o here_o to_o be_v omit_v that_o whatsoever_o broil_n do_v pass_v betwixt_o our_o irish_a that_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o those_o other_o that_o be_v of_o the_o roman_a communion_n in_o the_o succeed_a age_n they_o of_o the_o one_o side_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v saint_n as_o well_o as_o they_o of_o the_o other_o aidan_n for_o example_n and_o finan_n who_o be_v count_v ringleader_n of_o the_o quartadeeiman_n party_n as_o well_o as_o wilfrid_n and_o cuthbert_n who_o be_v so_o violent_a against_o it_o yet_o now_o adays_o man_n be_v make_v to_o believe_v that_o out_o of_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n nothing_o but_o hell_n can_v be_v look_v for_o and_o that_o subjection_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n as_o to_o the_o visible_a head_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n be_v require_v as_o a_o matter_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n which_o if_o it_o may_v go_v currant_n for_o good_a divinity_n the_o case_n be_v like_a to_o go_v hard_a not_o only_o with_o the_o â—_o twelve_o hundred_o british_a monk_n of_o bangor_n who_o be_v martyr_v in_o one_o day_n by_o edelfride_n king_n of_o northumberland_n who_o our_o annal_n style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ms._n the_o saint_n but_o also_o with_o st._n aidan_n and_o st._n finan_n who_o deserve_v to_o be_v honour_v by_o the_o english_a nation_n with_o as_o venerable_a a_o remembrance_n as_o i_o do_v not_o say_v wilfrid_n and_o cuthbert_n but_o austin_n the_o monk_n and_o his_o follower_n for_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o 6._o aidan_n be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n recover_v from_o paganism_n whereunto_o belong_v then_o beside_o the_o shire_n of_o northumberland_n and_o the_o land_n beyond_o it_o unto_o edenborrow_n frith_n cumberland_n also_o and_o westmoreland_n lancashire_n yorkshire_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o 24._o finan_n not_o only_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o eastsaxons_a which_o contain_v essex_n middlesex_n and_o half_a of_o hertfordshire_n regain_v but_o also_o the_o large_a kingdom_n of_o mercia_n convert_v first_o unto_o christianity_n which_o comprehend_v underit_fw-la glocestershire_n herefordshire_n worcestershire_n warwickshire_n leicestershire_n rutlandshire_n northamptonshire_n lincolnshire_n huntingtonshire_n bedfordshire_n buckinghamshire_n oxfordshire_n staffordshire_n darbyshire_n shropshire_n nottinghamshire_n chesshire_n and_o the_o other_o half_n of_o hertfordshire_n the_o scottish_a that_o profess_v no_o subjection_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v they_o that_o send_v preacher_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o these_o country_n and_o ordain_v bishop_n to_o govern_v they_o namely_o 26._o aidan_n finan_n and_o colman_n successive_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n 25._o for_o the_o eastsaxons_a cedd_a brother_n to_o ceadda_n the_o bishop_n of_o york_n before_o mention_v 24._o for_o the_o middle-angle_n which_o inhabit_v leicestershire_n and_o the_o mercian_n diuma_n for_o 21._o the_o paucity_n of_o priest_n say_v bede_n constrain_v one_o bishop_n to_o be_v appoint_v over_o two_o people_n and_o after_o he_o cellach_n and_o trumhere_o and_o these_o with_o their_o follower_n notwithstanding_o their_o division_n from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n be_v for_o 26._o their_o extraordinary_a sanctity_n of_o life_n and_o painfulness_n in_o preach_v the_o gospel_n wherein_o they_o go_v far_o beyond_o those_o of_o the_o other_o side_n that_o afterward_o thrust_v they_o out_o and_o enter_v in_o upon_o their_o labour_n exceed_o reverence_v by_o all_o that_o know_v they_o aidan_n especial_o who_o 25._o although_o he_o can_v not_o keep_v easter_n say_v bede_n contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o they_o which_o have_v send_v he_o yet_o he_o be_v careful_a diligent_o to_o perform_v the_o work_n of_o faith_n and_o godliness_n and_o love_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n use_v by_o all_o holy_a man_n whereupon_o he_o be_v worthy_o belove_v of_o all_o even_o of_o they_o also_o who_o think_v otherwise_o of_o easter_n than_o he_o do_v and_o be_v have_v in_o reverence_n not_o only_o by_o they_o that_o be_v of_o mean_a rank_n but_o also_o by_o the_o bishop_n themselves_o honorius_n of_o canterbury_n and_o felix_n of_o the_o east-angle_n neither_o do_v honorius_n and_o felix_n any_o other_o way_n carry_v themselves_o herein_o than_o their_o predecessor_n laurentius_n mellitus_n &_o justus_n have_v do_v before_o they_o who_o write_v unto_o the_o bishop_n of_o ireland_n that_o dissent_v from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o easter_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n make_v no_o scruple_n to_o prefix_v this_o love_a and_o respectful_a superscription_n to_o their_o letter_n 4._o to_o our_o lord_n and_o most_o dear_a brethren_n the_o bishop_n or_o abbot_n throughout_o all_o scotland_n laurentius_n mellitus_n and_o justus_n bishop_n the_o servant_n of_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n for_o howsoever_o ireland_n at_o that_o time_n 1._o receive_v not_o the_o same_o law_n wherewith_o other_o nation_n be_v govern_v yet_o it_o so_o