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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	bishop_n	church_n	rome_n	6,168	5	7.0527	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15033	The English myrror A regard wherein al estates may behold the conquests of enuy: containing ruine of common weales, murther of princes, cause of heresies, and in all ages, spoile of deuine and humane blessings, vnto which is adioyned, enuy conquered by vertues. Publishing the peaceable victories obtained by the Queenes most excellent Maiesty, against this mortall enimie of publike peace and prosperitie, and lastly a fortris against enuy, builded vpon the counsels of sacred Scripture, lawes of sage philosophers, and pollicies of well gouerned common weales: wherein euery estate may see the dignities, the true office and cause of disgrace of his vocation. A worke safely, and necessarie to be read of euerie good subiect. By George Whetstones Gent. Seene and allowed.	Whetstone, George, 1544?-1587?	1586 (1586)	STC 25336; ESTC S111678	158,442	230

whome shée thought that the enemye coulde not afflict so much as the inhabitauntes of Rome but how so euer it was Alaric commaunded vpon payne of death that no man should hurt anye person that fledde to the Churches for safety which was obserued the rest of this Citye with an innumerable sorte of people were consumed with fire and swoord The Emperour Honorius laye all this while at Rauenna with out taking care for the reliefe of distressed Rome In derision of whome the Gothes ledde a young man vp and downe a whole daye attyred lyke the Emperour and the next daye likewise ledde him cloathed like a slaue This was the first time that Rome since her prosperity fell into the handes and power of straungers but after this sacke by the Gothes the greatnes both of the city and Empyre decreased yea manye tymes was destroyed and subiected The successe whereof briefly to touch I hold it necessarye that the Reader maye vnderstande the frailtie of kingdomes and worldlye powers About forty yéeres after the Gothes had thus sacked Rome outraged Italie the Vandals vnder the conduct of their king Genserick entred Italie without any resistāce tooke Rome the greater part of the inhabitaunts being before fledde who for the space of foure dayes spoyled and in manye places fired the Citye Twentye and seuen yeeres after the conquest by the Vandals Odoacrus king of Euryles and Toringnes came before Rome with a great power whome the Citizens not able to resist receaued louinglye and in peace who naming him selfe king of Rome raigned foreteene yeeres afterwards Theodoric king of the Gothes beeing in friendship with the Romane Emperour to recouer Rome incountred Odoacrus with a great power and not onelye chased Odoacrus from Rome but also foorth of Italie Theodoric vpon this victorye made him selfe king and raigned thirtye yeeres in peace After whose decease his sonne Artalaric with his wife Amalasonte raigned about tenne yeeres Afterwardes the Emperour Iustinian comming to the Empyre the Gothes returned againe into Italie with their most cruel king Tottil vnder the Emperour Iustinian the two moste valiaunt and hardy Captaynes Bellisarius and Nassettus gouerned in Italie who in manye moste cruell battailes foyled Tottill besiedging of Rome In fine by the treason of one of the inhabitauntes Tottill gat the Citie and although at his first entraunce by the intercession of Pelasgus then Bishop of Rome Tottill moderated his furye yet in fine vpon an vnpleasing aunsweare from the Emperour Iustinian he furiouslye destroyed the greatest part of the Citye and left not the third part of the wall standing but to be briefe after Tottill had an other time taken Rome by the valiauntnesse of the most worthy Captaine Narsettus both Tottill the whole power of the Gothes were chased out of all Italie within a while after the Longebards came into Italie who making them selues Lordes of Gawle Cilsapine of whom it hath euer since beene called Lombardie who about three yeeres after the chasing of Tottill vnder the conduct of king Clowis besiedged Rome to the great dammage of the neighbour Townes but Rome out helde both that besiedging and also an other most dangerous siege by Atanlfus likewise king of the Longebards by whose furye Rome had beene leuiled with the ground if that Pepin king of Fraunce had not succoured her distresse Further in processe of time in the time of the Emperour Lewis the Mores and Sarizins Disciples of Mahomet besieged and entered Rome who prophaning the Church of Sainct Peter and burning a great part of the Citye with many riche spoyles retourned vnto their ships But the moste greate ruine of Rome was in the time of Pope Gregorye the seuenth and Henrye Emperour of Almaigne betweene whome there was mortall warres in whose quarrelles there was at one time two contrarye armies in Rome burning and wasting the Citye But in fine the Normans in the behalfe of the Pope were victors But their conqueste made Rome almoste desolate that where there are now Uineyardes Gardens and large waste places shée was before beautified with goodly Churches and other sumptuous buyldinges And for laste example euen of late time the Emperours armye vnder the leading of the moste worthy Prince Charles Duke of Burbon Rome was taken and although the Duke vpon the enteraunce was slayne yet his souldiours as victors spoyled a great parte of the Citye These often and sharpe punishmentes hath Rome suffered as a wonder and warning to the whole worlde and which is much to be regarded there is almoste the people of no Nation which shée here to fore had subiected but at one time or other were at the sacking and spoyling of her beauty For the further and necessarye inlarging of this historye I haue adioyned this Chapter of the enuious humors of the Popes of Rome CHAP. 6. How the Popes of Rome enuiyng the soueranityes which the Emperours had in the election and confirmation of them and their successours by sundrye shiftes wrought them selues foorth of this obedience and by the aduantages of time grewe to vsurpe authoritye to approoue and confirme the election of the Emperours them selues with a supreame power to depose and establishe annoynted Kinges from and in their kingdomes A Chapter for the varietie of the matter worthy the regarde LArge and vnreprooueable are the testimonies which witnes that the bishops of Rome vnder many tirannous emperours truly professed sincerely preached the Gospell of our sauiour Iesus Christ and to confirme the Euangelicall doctrine patiently and constantly imbraced many sharpe persecutionsand martyrdomes but O the venime of riches she no sooner entered into the Church then she poysoned her pastours and ministers with enuie pride ambition heresie idolatrie and all abhominations the riches liberties and great possessions with which Constantine the great endowed the Bishops of Rome although they eternize his name with the tytles of a good zealous deuoute and christian Emperor yet were they the causes which haue bread these soule effects or iniquities in the greater number of the Popes of Rome True it is that before the Emperours were christians the Bishops were chosen by the christian Priestes in Rome neither did any seeke that office by other meanes then vertue But after the Emperours became Christians as a witnesse that the soueraigne Bishoppe of Rome was the subiect of the Emperour the election of the Pope appertained to the cleargie ioyned with the voyce and consent of the people which done they were driuen to send to Constantinople to bee confirmed by the Emperour this was the first order of the election of the Popes after Constantinus the great which approueth a souerainitie which the Emperous had ouer them but by little and little to wind themselues out of this subiection they first made suit to be confirmed by the Emperous deputies in Rome after wardes Pope Pelagius the second administred this office without the confirmation of the Emperour but being afraid of the

in this long disquiet realme in the 24. yéere of his raigne he peaceably called this noble king Henry vnto his heauenly kingdome and as a visible signe that he blessed the ioyninge of these two kingly houses in one hee gaue vnto this noble king by Quéene Elizabeth his wife sundrye goodly children of which as the vndoubted heyre of the kingdome by both titles was crowned the victorious king Henry the eight CHAP. 4. A sommarie of the royall vertues of king Henry the eight THe most victorious king Henry the 8. sonne of king Henry the 7. beganne his triumphaunt raigne the 22. of Aprill 1509. whose inuincible courage was feared and admired through al Europe He was a moste bountefull Prince towardes well descruing subiectes the magnanimity of his countenaunce kept them in a louing obedience In the 5. yéere of his raigne a fore presagement that he should clymbe aboue the Pope of Rome The Emperour Maximilian the Popes lawfull soueraine and all the nobilitie of Holland Braband and Flaunders receaued wages vnder king Henries banner whose puissaunce discomforted and abashed the whole power of Fraunce This royall king besides that he was Alexander in fielde he was a Philosopher in the Uniuersity And in his great learning blessed his subiectes with the fruites of this olde Prouerbe happy are those people whose king is a Philosopher And doubtlesse where the Prince is learned the people are peaceably gouerned Science which containeth all duties with varietie of examples so liberallie instructeth the louers and followers of her lore In the thirtéenth yeare of his raigne the King wrote with his owne hand a booke against Martin Luther for which the Pope named him Defender of the faith but little fore-feared he that God would make him the capitall offender of the Romish superstition Saule breathing out threatnings and slaughter against the disciples of the Lorde receiued a speciall charge from the high Priests for the persecution of all sort of Christians at Damasco but God whose wisedome iudgeth the determinations of men wrought a wonderfull change in Saule for of a persecutor he made him a faithfull Apostle and chiefe strengthener of the Gentiles Euen so gratious●…ie dealed God with this most noble King whereas the Pope imagined to haue by this title made him the sustainer of hys Idolatrie God by his holie spirit moued him to vse the same to the first capitall disgrace of Antichrist the Pope But as the good Father Latimer certified his Maiestie the title Defender of the faith simplie considered was more then was due to any earthly prince whē his holy word deliuered by his Ministers both fostered and defended the same But in as much as it was Gods good will that vnder this kings and his offsprings authoritie the same should haue the most visible protection it may be lawfully thought that it was his will that the Pope should so intitle him as foreséeing by his wisedome that this prince in his séed should ouerthrow the Popes vsurped authoritie the most publike enimie of the true auncient and Apostolike faith Many interprete this prophesie of Esdras ecce leo concitatus de sylua rugiens c. loe a Lyon hastely running out of the wood roring who with a mās voice reprooued the saucie and misproud Eagle to figure thys noble prince Henry the 8. The rauening Eagle that had the victory ouer the foure beasts which God would haue had rained in the world that troubled the méeke c. is likewise interpreted to be Antichrist the Bishop of Rome The Armes of Rome which is the Eagle and the actions of the Pope wel approueth their interpretation Now who is more like to be this Lion that came roring out of the wood and shewed the rauening Eagles villanies to all the princes of the earth then King Henry the eight who euermore stoutly defied the Pope who euermore plainely painted his murthers deceits and abhominations then King Henry the 8. nay who first catched him by the throte but King Henry the 8. When all christian princes stood in awe of his curse he banished all his authoritie out of England when the meanest Bishops in other realmes would checke their Kings in his cause he caused the whole Cleargy by his learned Councell to be iudged in a premunire for mainteining the power legantine of Cardinall Wolsey who being called by processe into the Kings bench were glad by submission to pray pay á hundred thousand pounds for remission When other princes feared to murmur against the Pope secretly King Henry in the name of himselfe and his Nobles wrote a booke against the counsell appointed by the Pope at Mantua signifying to the whole world that the Pope had no more authoritie then an other Bishop and how that the appointment of Counsels only appertained to the Emperour and other Princes of Christendome What Lion was euer so bold with the Eagle of Rome as this Lion of England What Lion is so like to come roring out of the wood as the Lion of England The Lion of Vennice commeth out of the water The Lion of England is proper passant bowes and arrowes which are his strength commeth out of the wood I would the Popes english fauourers would wey this prophelie with the pride enuy outrage both of diuine humane blessings setled in the hart and séene in the actions of this Emperious Pope and then by allegorie they would peraduenture repute him to be this ambitious Eagle signified by the armes of his sea capitol city Rome And on the contrary part if with the like regard they would behold the wonderful disgraces that this noble king by himselfe princely children hath daily giueth this enuious Pope they should haue large cause to beléeue that our Lion signified by the armes of England with his mans voice should set this misproud Eagles head aw●…y should vanish his wings weaken his kingdome in fine set his whole body of fire If they had any sence they might féele that our Lion in the name of the Lord thus saith hence thou misproud Eagle appeare thou no more neither thy horrible wings thy mischeuous heads thy rauening clawes nor thy hollow body cōpact of vanities The cause straight foloweth that thou once gone the earth may be refreshed that thy kingdome once fallen men may returne to freedom c. I demād what reckning they cā make of the egles 12. wings that ouerspread the earth by Gods appointment since our Lion first shoke him vp or as the text saith since the wind K. Henries thūdring voice spread abrod his wickednes Sée if Englād be not shronk frō him Scotlād denieth him Hol and Brabant and Flanders delieth him Germany paints him as a mōster Denmark is parted frō him France is deuided Polland is indifferent if Spaine Italy be constant they be well paid for their frendship The Eagle the Pope that sometimes was capitalis dominus as well as summus pontifex

seruices The prince created theyr Auncesters Earles Barons or as their callings are and for their vertues suffered the honor to descend vnto their heires then they that will worke Treason and forget God the kindnesse of their Prince the vertues of their Parents and loue to theyr Countrey it is not ynough that they themselues die the death but the Emperour Vespasian in a letter to his sonne Titus sayeth the sonne of such a Traytor ought not to lyue God thought no temporall punishment sufficient to chasten the rebellion of Corath Dathan and Abiram he caused the earth to open her mouth and to swallow them vp and their houses and all the men that were with Corath and all theyr goodes and they and all that they had went downe alyue vnto Hell these be the words of the text and certainely the vengeance of God continually raigneth vppon Traytors Chronicles make mention of millions of Treasons that haue béene punished and of a few that haue had successe Almost in euerie nation most of the auncient Nobilitie are eaten vp with Treason and noui homines as the Romaines tearme them occupie their places through vertue The learned Gentleman Mayster Morrisine in his inuectiue against Treason sayeth that the Treasons of great men ought to be set foorth in theyr colours because that blood is distained in Treason he might also haue added because a great deale of giltlesse blood is shead through theyr Treasons I haue in other places sufficiently showne the falles of Traitors and therefore to withstand the temptation of ambition and enuie the enemies of theyr Countreys peace and prosperitie and vtter ouerthrowe of themselues and familie this discouery with praier for the assistance of Gods spirit may suffice CHAP. 3. Of the reuerende calling of the Cleargie the holinesse that is required in theyr liues and the lamentable miseries that proceede of disvnion in Religion BOth among the Iewes and Gentiles and generallye through the whole worlde from the beginning vnto this day the chiefe Priests Bishops and generally the professors of Religion were much reuerenced and in hye estimation among the people The office of Aaron the Priest was of such credite among the Iewes as enuie and desire to occupie the roome was the principall cause of the Rebellion of Corath Dathan and Abyram yea Gods owne words greatly honored Aarons Priesthood when he sayd The sonnes of Leuy should waight vpon him and the Tabernacle Among the Heathen Romaines the office of the chiefe Byshop was of such account as Iulius Caesar when he began to aspire only laboured for that dignitie And yet before the ambitious climing of the Pope Chronicles make no mention that they were the head rulers of any gouerment Among the Iewes the Prophets were priuiledged to reprehende the faultes of the Prince but both the Prophets and Priestes were subiect vnto the sword and commaundemente of the Prince King Iehoas appoynted Iehoiada the Bishop and the Priestes how they shoulde imploy the money that was brought into the house of the Lord and when they fulfylled not hys commandement he sharpely reprehended them Iehu put all the Priestes of Baal to the sworde The Emperour Tyberius put the Priests of the Idoll Anubis to the sworde because they were the instruments for the wanton Knight Mundus to commit adultrey by theyr deceipt with the chaste Romaine Ladie Paulina Yea from the beginning and to be short at thys daye it can not be denyed but that the reuerence which is giuen vnto the Cleargie is due vnto theyr profession and not vnto theyr person and when theyr pompe was at the highest the greatest Archbishop that offended in treason had the tryall of a common subiect Since then the holinesse of theyr profession priuiledgeth the Cleargie to reprooue the faultes of Princes and giueth them place among the chiefe Pieres they are bound and holie Scripture commandeth them to glorifie God with theyr holie lyues that theyr holy words may the better edifie men Sainct Paule setting downe the office of a Bishop and in that dignitie containeth the duetie of the whole Cleargie sayeth that he must be blamelesse and so goeth on with many honest vertues which are well knowne and I pray God they may be as well followed of the Cleargie Sainct Peter commandeth them to be of so honest conuersation among the Gentiles that where as they backbited them as euill doers they might sée their good workes and praise God in the day of visitation A great many that would faine haue an excuse for wickednes say that the word of God is the life of the soule and not the works of the Preacher so that if the doctrine be pure it skilleth not if the Diuell preach the same The word I graunt remaineth pure but the working will be to little purpose if it be deliuered by such a Minister for the holy Ghost loueth not to accompanie the Diuell I hope this small note shall worke no offence whiche is not meant to instruct the Cleargie which amply knowe theyr dutyes but reuerently to shewe theyr error that are forgetfull of theyr duties King Phillip of Macedon helde no skorne to be dayly remembred by a Page of his chamber that he was a mortall man Pope Sixtus the fourth that vaunted how he passed Sainct Peter bécause he had golde siluer and pretious stones was not wroath with the beggerlie Frier that aunswered hym he lacked notwithstanding much of Sainct Peters holynesse for hée coulde not saie vnto the lame and impotent arise and walke and certainely although the Pope were bluntly crossed yet he was thereby charitably counselled to labour rather to become holie then riche whiche is a speciall dutie in the Cleargie for by theyr godlinesse they please God and instruct men when by the abuse of riches they may dishonor the one and be an euill example to the other With this admonition of the Frier the blowe that a Countrey peisant gaue the Archbishop of Cullen ought to be as patiently receiued of the Cleargie as the hol●…e tale of the saluage Mylo was of the Senate of Rome Upon a daye as the Archbyshop trauelled accompanied according to the custome of Germanie with an armed troupe a Countrey fellow encountred hym with a rude laughter whiche the Archbishop noting demaunded what mooued him to laugh so the fellowe aunswered to sée Sainct Peter prince of the Prelates who lyued and dyed poorely to leaue suche wonderfull pompe and riches to hys successors the Archbishop that was a little galled to excuse himselfe said my friends I goe with thys companie because I am a Duke as well as a Byshop wherevppon the loute doubled his laughter and boldly sayde my Lord I beséech you if the Duke which you speake of were in Hell where shoulde then be the Archbishop as who woulde haue sayde that two professions become not one man for sinning in the one he cannot be iustified by the other King Richard the first laughed when he had

a Lambe that haunteth a Foxes den for how righteous so euer his cause be yet the poore sutor is sure to sing before his matter be ended Law measures right with toyle expence and griefe There are many stoppes before a matter come to iudgement and many nyce quillets to ouerthrowe a good matter so that if the countrie man wil direct his controuersie by this following compasse hée shall finde more profite in the same than in the counsell of the best Seriaunt and first of all I wish him to way the working of giftes by this sequele A poore man once a Iudge besought to iudge aright his cause And with a glasse of Oyle salutes this iudger of the lawes My friend quoth he thy cause is good he glad away did trudge A non his wealthy foe did come before this partiall iudge A Hog well fedde the churle presents and craues a straine of law The hog receiud the poore mans right was iudg'd not worth a straw Therewith he cri'de O partiall iudge thy dome hath me vndone When Oyle I gaue my cause was good but now to ruine runne Poore man quoth he I thee forgot and see thy cause of foile A Hog came since into my house and brake thy glasse of Oyle Learne friends by this this read of me smal helpes a righteous cause When giftes do catch both Gods men friendship endeth laws This example is no other than a Morrall fore-warning vnto the inferiour sort to forbeare controuersie with men mightier than themselues least after much expence of mony they make but a badde ende of a good cause we are counselled in holy Scripture not to go to Lawe with men mightier then our selues least we be more discomforted with an vnsentence than with an iniurious oppression Lawe is the supporter of all well gouerned Common weales necessarie for al men but not behoueful for the poore to follow in great mens controuersies a néedful instrument in poore mens wrongs a remedie too violent Iudges and other mynisters of the Law in the due administration of their callings deserue great honour reuerence and reputation for that Periurie Oppression and all manner of deceit goeth before them that their eyes may beholde their actions of whose forfatures they are iudges and in their footesteps Vertue Truth and good Conscience ready with the following multitude familiarly to conuerse but sinne which with the first fall of Adam rose hath made gaine so swéete and corruption so bolde as now before a great number of them vpright-dealing in vaine continually knéeleth for intertainement and in their liueries all manner of deceit squareth among the multitude Good and profitable Lawes were so wrested in Glebulus time a great Philosopher and one of the seuen sages as hee saide Lawes were like vnto Copwe●…bes through which great Harnets broke when the little flies were menshed Pythagoras compareth Lawe vnto a backe sworde which smote the greater powers with the blunt and the meaner sort with the eadge By the wresting of Law and other partiall workings wee haue in Englande these by sayings Might mastereth right The Law is ended as a man is friended A good purse is better than a iust cause c. The wise Cato made this aunswere to one that woulde haue the pleading place in Rome to bee couered with Canuas like vnto the Theators for that the heate of the sunne was verie hurtefull for the pleaders and their Clyantes heades Nay quoath Cato for my parte I rather wishe that all the wayes to the place of pleading were cast ouer with Galthropes that the féete of such as loue so well pleading shoulde feele so much paines of those prickes in going thither as their heades doe of the sunne in tarrying there He meant they were but idle whot heades busie bodies and troublesome men in a Common wealth that did so nourish pleading Good labourers and quiet men coulde bée content to ende their matters at home by iudgement of their neighbours and kinsefolke without spending so their money vppon procurers and aduocates whom wée call Attorneys Counsellers Sergeants and generally men of Lawe Those hée accounteth profitable Citizens who attende their honest labour and businesse at home and not stande wayting and gaping vppon their Rolles and Processe in the Lawe as for the other by his iudgement it was no matter what mischiefe they suffered This the graue learned man Sir Thomas Smith writeth in his booke De republica Anglorum and further saieth That these busie heades and inuentours of trouble are men euen permitted of God like Flyes Lyse and other vermine to disquiet them who woulde imploy themselues vppon better businesse and more necessarie for the common wealth These men are hated and feared of their neighbours loued and aided of them which gaine by Proces and waxe fatte by the expence of others In the blame of these make-bates as our English phrase is farre is it from my intent as in sundrie places I protest to scandilize the most necessarie vse of Lawe or to reproch the good Lawiers For if necessitie inuentris of all Artes Polycies and Mecanicall craftes giueth honour to the Phisition of our corporall bodies no doubt shée commaundeth a more larger regarde and reuerence to bée giuen to the Phisition of the politicke body who is the Lawier Notwithstanding as the Medicine is of more auaile that preserueth health than that which cureth sickenesse Euen so the meane that kéepeth neighbours in loue peace and Charitie is more profitable than the authoritie that accordeth controuersies is necessarie For as after the healing of a wound there remaineth a scarre euen so after the agréement of Law there abideth mallice which lying hidde like fire vnder ashes kindleth fresh mallice and neuer intertaineth faithfull amitie It is then greatly to be pittied that these simple men for the matter of fiue shillings should be vexed arested brought vp to Westminster Hall and halfe vndone at the suite of troblesome persons of the spoyles of these good men a great number of the swarmes of Attourneyes and petifoggers liue The gratious pollicie of this Realme for the ease of these poore men hath appointed in euerie countie Courtes and giueth libertie to Lords of Manners to holde Plea of actions vnder fortie shillings debt but the corruption of those Courts are such and the comming of these persons so pleasing as almost euerie sunday Latitates prie about Countrie Churches for poore men whereof many owe not the price of the Proces and before the sute be ended it oftentimes falleth out that the plaintife and defendant are both losers and that these daungerous make-bates liue vppon their goodes and painefull labours This mischiefe woulde bée much eased if charitie raigned among neighbours or a godly care among the ministers of the Church in trauailing to appease the discords of their parissioners but especially as I here before haue saide If the better sort of Gentlemen and Iusticers of Peace woulde take paines in this godly exercise whose perswasions