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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09885	A refutation of an epistle apologeticall written by a puritan-papist to perswade the permission of the promiscuous vse and profession of all sects and heresies wherein the vnlawfulnesse and danger of such wicked licence is fully declared by auctoritie of Scriptures, canons, councels, fathers, lawes of Christian emperours, and iudgement of reason. Together with the punishment of heretiques and idolaters.	Powel, Gabriel, 1576-1611.	1605 (1605)	STC 20149; ESTC S114980	80,389	128

in Apolog. Pamphili contra Celsum Cyrill Alexandr lib. 1. Quod vnus est Christus CHAP. V. Reasons against Toleration and Permission of diuers Religions from the ancient Fathers practise and carriage in their examplar liues Toleration vnlawfull by the Fathers practise Iohn the Euang 1 WORTHY the noting is that saying of S. Iohn the Euangelist when he found Cerinthus in the bath Let vs flie hence least the Bath wherein is Cerinthus the Aduersarie of the truth do presently fall downe vpon vs and we perish as Irenaeus testifieth who saith that he heard it of the mouth of Poly carpus S. Iohns disciple Iren. aduers Haeres lib. 3. cap. 3. 2 Who addeth also Polycarpus that Polycarpus when Marcion the Heretique met him and said Dost thou know me answered I know thee to be the first begotten Sonne of Satan So much saith Irenaeus did the Apostles and their Disciples feare that they would not communicate no not in words and speech onely with those that adulterated the truth Iren. ibid. vide Euseb Hist Eccles lib. 3. cap. 22. lib. 4. cap. 17. Niceph. lib. 3. cap. 3. Euseb lib. 5. cap. 19. 3 Furthermore Irenaeus saith that when Polycarpus heard any hereticall speeches he presently exclaimed O good God into what times hast thou reserued me that I should endure these things and so with all speed would flie awaie from the place where he sate or stood hearing such things Epist. ad Florinum Some Orthodox Christians 4 Apollinaris reporteth that in the times of persecution when some Orthodoxe and catholique Christians were conuented together with some other infected with the heresie of the Cataphrygians to giue testimonie vnto the faith they dissented from them very much and least they should any way seeme to giue consent vnto the madde and furious Spirit of Montanus and of those women his consorts they could neuer be induced to communicate with them no not vnto the last gaspe Apud Euseb lib. 5. cap. 15. 5 Origen vtterly refused to come to praiers together with Paul the Heretique as I thinke Samosatenus and that because from his childehoode he had religiously and diligently obserued that Canon of the Church against Heretiques Origen and alwaies detested the doctrine of errour Apud Euseb lib. 6. cap. 3. 6 Dionysius Alexandrinus saith Dionys Alexandr and Heraclas that he receiued a Canon of Heraclas the Bishop that such as were accused and conuicted to conuerse much with Heretiques defending strange and erroneous opinions were excommunicated out of the Church Apud Euseb lib. 7. cap. 6. 7 According vnto this Canon Marcellus Marcellus Bishop of Ancyra being as yet Catholique and Orthodoxe would by no meanes be present at the Councels of Tyre and Ierusalem nor at the consecration of the great Temple at Ierusalem built by Constantine because he would auoid the societie and communion of the Arian Bishops Zozom lib. 2. cap. 31. 8 So also Liberius Bishop of Rome Liberius in an Epistle vnto the Easterne Bishops excludeth from the communion of the Church all such as refused to curse Arius Socrat. lib. 4. cap. 3. 9 Neither was Felix Felix Liberius his successour reprehended for any other cause but because he vsed the companie and societie of the Arians Zozom lib. 4. cap. 10. The people of Alexandria 10 Athanasius testifieth of the people of Alexandria that they chose to be sicke and endangered without visitation rather than they would the Arians should come and visite them Athanas ad Orthodox depers Also that some of the vulgar sort when they were whipped and scourged by the Arians for not receiuing their heresie said We communicate not with heretiques whip as long as thou pleasest but God will iudge thee for these things Athanas in Epist ad Solitar 11 Placilla the Empresse Placilla when the Emperour Theodosius senior desired to conferre with Eunomius disswaded her husband very earnestly least being peruerted by his speeches he might fall into heresie Zozom lib. 7. cap. 7. The inhabitants of Samosetum 10 Lastly the Zeale of the Samosatenians is worthy commendation who when Eunomius the Arian being their Bishop was washing himselfe in the Bath notwithstanding he inuited them to come in yet would they not but stood still speaking neuer a word which the Bishop tooke as if it had beene done in honour of him But as soone as he arose and came out of the Bath the Samosatenians thinking that the water was infected with hereticall poyson let it all runne out into the sinke and commanded fresh water to be powred for them Theod. lib. 4. cap. 14. Cassiodor Hist. Tripart lib. 7. cap. 16. CHAP. VI. Reasons against Toleration and Permission of diuerse Religions from the Acts Lawes Constitutions Rescripts Decrees and Edicts of Christian Emperours Toleration improued by the law of Christian Emperours THe first Christian Emperours being perswaded that diuerse Religions could not be exercised and professed in a Monarchie without tumults and commotions in the Common-wealth without certaine detriment to their Empire and great preiudice to their gouernment enacted many seuere and wholesome lawes whereby they abolished all discrepant worship and contrary religions 1 Constantine the Great Constantine as soone as he had embraced the Christian Profession presently interdicted Sacrifices to be offered vnto Idols and commanded that in euery Citie and region the Idols should be pulled downe and burned Which Decree he afterwards ratified with many good Lawes against all sorts and kinds of Idolatrie whereupon many euen in those times began to pull downe the Temples of the Idols Euseb de Vita Constant lib. 2. cap. 44. lib. 3. cap. 52. seq lib. 4. cap. 25. 39. Socrat. lib. 1. cap. 14. Optat. Mileuit lib. 2. contr Parmen 2 In like manner Constantine vsed no lesse seueritie against the seuerall Sects of Heretiques for hauing enfranchised the Christians and made them free by a publique Decree least the Heretiques should thinke that the same freedome appertained vnto them also for that they vsurped the name of Christians the Emperour wrote vnto Caecilianus Bishop of Carthage that he had taken order with Anylinus the Proconsull and Patritius his Vicegerent to restraine and punish such insolent and obstinate refractaries Euseb lib. 10. cap. 6. Niceph. lib. 7. cap. 72. Vnto this Law Augustine seemeth to allude saying The same thing happened vnto the Donatistes which happened vnto the Accusers of Daniel Lyons deuoured these and lawes them by which they would haue oppressed the Innocent Caecilianus vnlesse through the mercies of Christ we say that those lawes are rather for them which seeme to be against them because by them many are corrected and healed August Epist 50. ad Bonifac. Againe Constantine was the first that ordained that all their goods that should be conuicted of heresie and obstinately resisted vnitie should be confiscate and sold August Epist. 48. ad Vincent Yea that the places of their assemblies

that the truth feareth no triall and flieth not the open pulpits and publique disputations The learned writers tooke it then for a disgrace to their writings to be quitte by Proclamation which thing once my selfe 11 Note well Ergo the Libeller is a man both of yeeres and place or qualitie amongst vs. Which causeth me to suspect that he can be no Seminarie locust nor Apocalypticall frog or Iesuite being in company at a dinner was cast in M. Iuells dish and hence it proceede that the answeres of the aduersaries the more they were forbid the better they were esteemed to the disuniting of many that were most earnest before with M. Iuell in his challendge as the Lord Copley so they termed him D. Steeuens and others And if it shall please his Maiestie that the said challendge be 12 But that challenge was neuer yet wholy answered by the Papists Is it likely that the Libeller is a Puritane seeing he doubteth of the truth of Iewels challenges prosecuted and triall made for the truth especially among the learned in the publique Schooles and Vniuersities and that not in one point only b but in all he shall giue great satisfaction to euery one that in this time of so many sects hath care to finde the truth they that haue the truth shall be confirmed and such as know it not shall more easily find it by such a free search and inquisition Of triall by Disputation The Papistes euer foiled in Disputation Now the Libeller mainely laboureth to perswade triall by disputation wherein I can but wonder at his impudency considering alwaies in euery conference the Papists fled before vs. Martin Luther and Philip Melancthon maintained the cause of the Gospell by disputation before the greatest States of Germanie against as subtill instruments of Satan as euer since haue risen vp to oppugne the truth Theodore Beza a man of rare knowledge and vtterance assisted with Peter Martyr disputed this cause at Poyssie with the choice of the Sorbone and of all the Papistes of France that the Cardinall of Lorraine wished that Beza that day had beene dumbe or the chiefe of his Auditours deafe I will not mention the disputation of Zuinglius Oecolampadius and others at Bearne Basile Strasborough Zurich and other free Cities in all which the truth was euer found among the Protestants But to speake heere of the like at home So it was also in the disputation in King Edwards time And in Queene Maries albeit they brought those worthie Martyrs of Christ Cranmer Ridley and Latimer to dispute at Oxford with most vnreasonable inequalitie and conditions yet they so foiled and wounded their enemies that both those that were present and whosoeuer shall yet read it to this day may easily see that they fought valiantly with the sword of the Spirite to the confusion of those that stroue against them In the beginning of Queene Elizabeth her most blessed and happie raigne the Popish Bishops and greatest Clerks were prouoked and appointed by auctoritie to dispute if they were able to maintaine their doctrine against the Ministers of the Gospell But after a few impertinent words they gaue ouer their cause in the plaine field and so ridiculously handled the matter that it is maruell that the remembrance of the confusion and shame of that day doth not terrifie the Papistes from once daring againe to moue the matter of disputation with vs. But as the Prouerb saith He that runneth away may fight againe So Campian the Iesuite came with open defiance to prouoke the Protestantes to fight with him boasting to maintaine his cause by Scripture Councels Fathers by all Lawes Ciuill Canon and Common and by all Histories and monuments of former ages But what the issue was and how his glorie was turned into shame the Acts of those disputations in publique print do manifestly declare So this Puritan-Papist as also some others of the same crew crake much of disputation and conference But if it pleased his Highnesse and the State if necessitie or conueniencie did so require questionlesse the rottennesse of their cause should soone appeare For we haue the Arke of the Lord among vs we haue his siluer Trumpets sounding continually in our campes Though they came about vs like Bees yet should they be quenched as a fire of thornes they put confidence in themselues but in the name of the Lord of Hostes we should preuaile against them Concerning the challenge of that worthy and learned Bishop Iewell of reuerend memorie B. Iewels challenge he vndertooke and performed against the Papistes those seuen and twentie points wherein they differ from vs and the Primitiue Church which remaine vnanswered vnto this day sauing that D. Harding prated a little in the first point onely which yet was so defended against him and some one or two others that tooke his part that they quite left the field and fled And as hitherto by writing to the glory of GOD to the gathering and edifying of his Church we haue defended and maintained the trueth against them So by the grace and assistance of GOD many of vs will be alwaies ready to do the same hereafter Restraint of Hereticall Bookes But if they will haue their Bookes passe freely without restraint and all men to be allowed to read them Let them first assure vs that they will leaue it free for all such as are abused by them to reade ours For we are not ignorant of their discipline to the keeping of the poore and ignorant people in that captiuitie that they may not once dare to reade our writings least they should be conuerted and repent that the Lord might saue their soules For a few onely excepted whom they thinke desperate of being conuerted by any meanes vnto the truth they restraine all vnder their iurisdiction from reading our workes If they so straitly prouide to hinder the truth and to keepe Captiue simple soules in their blinde kingdome of darkenesse much more reason haue our Magistrates to prouide that the children of light be not led into darkenesse by them Gamaliell is noted by Luke for a man of 1 Mutuò muli scabunt One Pharisie commendeth another deepe iudgement and worthy Doctor in the Law of Moises and commended much for his 2 It was a very foolish counsell politique aduise giuen the high Priest and body of the Councell to take heede to themselues what they entended to doe touching the Apostles who seemed to them to teach a new doctrine For said he If this counsell or this worke be of men it will come to naught but if it be of God yee cannot destroy it least ye be found euen fighters against God And in this kinde he gaue certaine instances in Theodas and Iudas of Galiley For as the truth cannot be ouercome so errour and heresies cannot long stand but will at length of them selues perish and it is certaine that heresies which arise among Christians are as Augustine well noteth

to be contrarie to the word let vs see awhile what course is best in humane and ciuill policie Fol. 15 a The wisest Princes and greatest statesmen indure within their dominions in the 2 We vnderstand not what case this is case proposed diuerse sects and sorts of Religion contrary to their owne lett vs behold the experience as well of those that endure them as of those that haue bent their forces by violence to roote them out as first for example our late Queene was not of her selfe enclined to force or constraine the consciences of the Papistes her subiects and with that moderate course which she held in the beginning of her raigne she gained the generall good liking of all parts and liued in great securitie of her person But when she was once drawne by men of violent spirits to roote them out by losse of fortunes libertie and 3 She neuer put any to death but for Treason life she found by experience that 4 A manifest vntruth the more they were afflicted the more their numbers daily increased and her selfe put often in feare as well of insurrections at home as inuasions from abroade vnder colour of relieuing men so grieuously oppressed The greatest force that euer she vsed to roote them out was about the yeare of our Lord 1581. and inquirie being made in the yeare following of the number of Recusants they were found by the bils b of Sir Owen Hopton then Lieuetenant of the Towre and others in commission to haue increased in the circuit of that yeare 5 A thing altogether vnlikely ten for one She assaied an other way by banishment of some losse of goods and life of others yet left she at her death 6 The reason hereof see in the Answere more Papistes then when she first began those violent courses besides huge numbers of close Papistes and their well-willers among which are many of high calling who in regard that it concerneth their 7 And yet this fellow is no Papist forsooth Soules and euerlasting life could not liue but with a most fearefull disgust The warres also which haue beene continued in Ireland against Oneale Desmound and Tirone haue beene tedious bloody and coastly all which might haue beene auoyded with carying a gentle hand euer them and suffering them according to their Religion which notwithstanding is so firmely grounded in their harts as very fewe persons of marke doe at this time embrace the 8 Note the Libellers gall in this tearme libertie of the Gospell besides that the countrey hath beene in hazard to be lost and planted with 9 And all by the disloyaltie of Papistes a potent enemie Of the late Queenes proceedings against Papists As it is true that Consciences are not to be compelled but perswaded by force of truth and vse of all good meanes of instruction So it is certaine also that Causes of conscience when they grow to be matter of faction loose their nature wherefore Princes may and ought to punish exorbitant practises albeit coloured with pretence of conscience in Religion According vnto these principles hath that Mirrour of this Age our late Soueraigne Lady Queene ELIZABETH of eternall memorie behaued her selfe during the whole time of her happie raigne Comming to the Crowne detesting the Popish Tyrannie which by terrour and rigour ouerruled mens consciences with great wisedome she permitted onely the exercise of true Religion and tolerated the Papistes with vnspeakeable lenitie expecting that time would worke some good effect in them Popish Bulls against the Queene In the meane time when the Pope by intercession and intreatie of other Princes abroad could not preuaile with her Maiestie to receaue againe into her kingdome the contagion of Popish Heresie then he beganne to thunder out Bulles and excommunications against her which for many yeeres her Maiestie suffered quietly accompting them but as words or winde or water bubbles without punishing the diuulgers and fautours of them But after some proofe perceiuing that some intemperate and factious Subiects tooke courage thereby she could not but esteeme them to be preambles and forerunners of greater danger And therefore for her defence against them she reuiued former lawes to prohibite the publication or execution of such kinde of Bulles within her Realme and Dominions The Bull of Pius V. Notwithstanding this prohibition the Papistes abusing her Maiesties lenitie and clemency brought the said Bulles plentifully into the Realme to moue sedition and at length most impudently and most arrogantly set vp one of them publiquely vpon the gate of the Bishop of Londons pallace wherein her Maiestie was denounced to be no lawfull Queene and her Subiects drawne vpon paine of eternall damnation from her obedience Now who can in common Reason and Sense mislike that her Maiesty finding this kinde of denunciation of warre as a defiance to be made in her imperiall Citie by one of her Subiects auowing and obstinately maintaining the same should according to iustice cause the offendour to haue the reward due to such a fact Felton executed This was the first action of any capitall punishment inflicted for matter sent from Rome to moue rebellion which was about the 12. yeere of her Maiesties Raigne Rebellion in the North. Hereat the Pope burning with indignation and furie from words and writings fell to actions and practises against her Maiestie the State soliciting and prouoking her Noblemen and Subiects to disobedience and open rebellion Whereupon ensued the rebellion of the Earles of Northumberland and Westmerland and their adherents in the North who putting themselues in armes against their liege Lady required by solemne Proclamation forsooth not onely safe conduct and libertie for the Masse but also the releasing of prisoners banishing of preachers reuersing of lawes and displacing of Counsellors whom the Queene subdued by her forces Inuasion of Ireland Not satisfied herewith the Pope entertained the Traitors and rebells that escaped out of the Realme for the rebellion and sent them with certaine bands of Souldiers and Captaines of his owne furnished with treasure munition victuals ensignes banners and all other things requisite for warre into the Realme of Ireland where the same forces with other auxiliar companies out of Spaine fortifying themselues very strongly on the sea side proclaimed open warre erecting the Popes banner against the Queene and also sent certaine disguised fugitiues into England secretly to allure the people to new rebellions But through Gods power and speciall helpe her Maiestie by lawes suppressed the factious stirrers of sedition in England and by her sword vanquished all the Popes forces in Ireland The Originall of Seminary Priests And when the Pope saw that he could not preuaile by way of force and violence he deuised to erect vp certaine Schooles which he tearmed Seminaries to nourish and bring vp persons naturally disposed to sedition to become seedes-men in the tillage of Rebellion and them to send secretly into these