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cause_n	bishop_n	church_n	presbyter_n	1,664	5	10.2707	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A79937	Clement, the blessed Paul's fellow-labourer in the Gospel, his first epistle to the Corinthians: being an effectuall suasory to peace, and brotherly condescension, after an unhappy schism and separation in that Church. From whence the understanding reader may receive satisfaction concerning the businesse of episcopacy, or presbytery, as it stood in the age of the Apostles, and some time after. The ancient'st writing the Church hath, and the onely extant to that purpose, next to the divinely-inspired Scriptures. And being made good use of, may prove a remedy against the breaches and sad divisions of these distracted churches and times.; First epistle of Clement to the Corinthians	Clement I, Pope.; Burton, William, 1609-1657.	1647 (1647)	Wing C4629; Thomason E396_24; Thomason E396_25; ESTC R201660	59,432	63

CERTAINE ANNOTATIONS UPON CLEMENT Intended as well for the asserting of this Epistle against some Exceptions in respect of the Author of it and his manner of writing as for the preventing of others But especially for vindicating it from Mis●allegations and wrong citations urged out of it in regard of some points concerning Chu●ch-government in controversie at this day Containing also some other Observations whereby the Authour is illustrated C. Lucilius apud Cic lib. 2. de Orat. PERSIUM non curo legere Laelium Decimum volo LONDON Printed by J. Y. for J. P. and O. P. in Paul's Church-yard in the Yeare of our Lord M.DC.XLVII A SUMMARY of chief Matters contained in these Annotations observed out of this EPISTLE 1. THe Equality as well of Churches themselves as of their Governours in the first Age. Clement and Linus what kind of Bishops The cause of the disagreement among Writers concerning the Order and Succession of the first Bishops of Rome Bishop and Presbyter common names at that time The humility of them in those times 2. At what time as is most probable this Epistle might be written Baronius commended for collecting the Fragments thereof 3. Of the Schismes and Factions among the Corinthians when Paul wrote his first Epistle to them 4. A place in Clement cited by Clemens Alexandrinus 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Clement to be understood of the Civill Magistrate though meant of the Ecclesiasticall Governours in the Epistle to the Hebrewes notwithstanding the likenesse of stile which is said to be in both these Epistles 6. The Epistle of Polycarpus the Martyr hath severall passages out of Clement Whether it may not be thought genuine 7. The manner of citing places out of the Old Testament into the New Which also is to be observed in Clement 8. The LXX Interpreters generally followed by the Apostles Then lesse corrupt then in after ages Now not so much to be respected The old Latine version of the LXX in ancient use here in Britain 9. Clement excused in his instance of Aaron's and Miriam's being shut out of the Camp 10. Clement speaking of Peter's Martyrdome sayes nothing of his being at Rome much lesse of his Bishoprick there and Prerogative Whether he were ever there or no is discussed His was the Apostleship of the Circumcision A deplorable breach in Church-History from the Acts to Trajan's time Whether Paul as well as Peter might not from Clement's words be thought to suffer under some Provinciall Magistrate rather then at Rome 11. Whether Paul ever performed his journie into Spain Or were ever in Britain Peter's being there and ordaining Bishops confirmed by our English Romanists either from very slight or forged Authorities 12. Clement's manner of urging Scriptures 13. A place in him out of Clemens Alexandrinus 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The severall acceptions of it 15. The Pillar of Salt into which Lot's wife was turned remaining in Clement's time 16. Clement's citing a place in Luke 17. A sentence of Clement's restored out of Jerome 18. A place in Matthew not so well rendred by our English Translators 19. Moses cited for David Clement excused therein by many places in the New Testament Josephus Scriptor Christianus Graecè 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Christ's division of the Books of the Old Testament 20. Mr. Young's conjecture confirmed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. The unpassable Ocean meant by Clement of the British 21. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. The Worlds beyond it thought to be the Islands called the Britannies A discourse endeavouring to make it good 22. The Phenix an Emblem of the Resurrection among the ancient Christians The Resurrection taken for a new Deity by the Philosophers at Athens How far a belief of the truth thereof possess'd the better sort of Heathens 23. Of what is possible or impossible with God His Power alwaies accompanies his Will We ought to speak reverently of his Power 24. Clement is defended about a place which he is said to cite out of the Wisdom of Solomon Of the Author of that Book and the credit thereof Paul himselfe urgeth Heathen Writers Menander the Comedian c. 25. Clement absolutely condemnes the Doctrine of Merits and Justification by Works 26. The happiness of a Christian Church in Clement's judgement 27. Clement is falsly urged to prove set-times for publick Prayers in the Primitive Church which they call Canonicall Houres 28. Clement is not truly and faithfully alledged to prove that in the first Age there was a distinction between the Clergy and Laity Neither doth it appeare by any genuine authority of Ignatius who is defended from contradicting of Scripture whereof he stands accused Laicus and Catholicus of what use in the first Age. Christian Presbytery from the Jewish and what that was 29. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 what they were Henr. Stephani Glossarium Latino-Graecum emendatur Victimarum probatio Aruspex 30. Bishop Presbyter whence the Apostles borrowed these names No distinction in matter of office to be found of them in Clement Nor any single Bishop of the Corinthians in his time Both which notwithstanding are pretended out of him 31. The Name of Episcopacy in Clement Vocabulum honoris quod Ecclesiae usus obtinuit in Austin Bishops excepted against before these times Chrysostome's riding on an Asse envied at Not lawfull in his opinion for Bishops to ride on horse-back The small maintenance and poverty of the ancient British Irish and other Country-Bishops The ambition excesse and cruelty of the Roman taken notice of by an Heathen Historian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 how taken in ancient Authors 32. The Apostles power in constituting Bishops Deacons conveyed unto others Yet such choice of Ministers according to Clement is ineffectuall without the generall consent of the people A difficult thing to know who and what kind of Bishops were first instituted by the Apostles Eusebius his confession to that purpose Most Records of the first times utterly lost 33. A sentence of Clement's severally interpreted by six very learned men Some of their various readings of it upon conjecture 34. Clement not faithfully dealt withall A transitive note added on purpose in the translation of a passage of his into English the better to make it appeare that Bishop and Presbyter are distinguisht by him Which notwithstanding appeares not out of him 35. PAUL's Gospel What in Clement is to be understood thereby S. Johns first Epistle cited also under the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 No alteration of Church-government caus'd upon the Factions and Schismes of the Corinthians as is urged Jerome is therein defended 36. Whether there were another Cephas besides Peter The place of Paul 1 Cor. 1.12 understood of Peter by Clement against some Interpreters 37. A place of Clement's urged by Clement of Alexandria 38. Another place of his also to be found in his writings 39. A place of Clement's translated by Jerom. 40. Epiphanius mis-applies a passage in Clement Chrysostom's imitation of the

same place and his golden Resolution 41. Clement excused for urging the story of Judith by the example of the Apostles who in their Epistles cite severall Apocrypha of the Jews beside Heathens 42. A place of some antient Gr. Tragedian perhaps alluded to by Clement 43. The practice of Presbyterian government only asserted by this Epistle The weightinesse of the charge and what care the people ought to have in the choice of such as are to sustain the burthen thereof 44. A sentence of Clement's perhaps restored to this Epistle where the lacuna is out of Basil the Great Clement's Epistle to the Corinthians cited by the Author of the Questions ad Orthodoxos It is not Justin Martyrs The antiquity and authority of the Sibyllin Verses 45. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This word borrowed by Polycarpus out of Clement 46. Clement speaking of Christ is defended against the censure of Photius the Patriarch of CP 47. Their names who carried this Epistle from Rome to the Church of Corinth Fortunatus Biton The holy forgery of the Primitive times Apocryphall Gospels and Epistles under the Apostles and other holy Mens names ANNOTATIONS THe Church of God which so journeth at Rome to the c. I. Two things may be observed from the very Inscription of this Epistle First The equality that was as well between these two Churches themselves as the Governors thereof called Elders of the Church and Bishops there being at this time no Superiority or precedency which notwithstanding the Bishops of Rome have since then affected Secondly That the Elders of both by themselves without any extraordinary Bishop placed over them did govern as well the Church of Rome as that of Corinth it being very unlikely that the names of them should have been concealed in this Inscription had either of the Churches had any one at that time in such eminency of place or power above the other Rulers For Clement was not now any singular or * As he was not formerly at Philippi See H. Grotius upon the following Scripture Phil. 4.3 2 Tim. 4.21 onely Bishop of Rome nor placed above the Presb●tery thereof But one of those Ministers whose help the Apostles used in founding of Churches Paul calling him his fellow-laborer as was Linus also without question whom he mentions too and both whom the Ecclesiasticall History makes Bishops of Rome some placing them both before Anacletus and of the two Linus first some making Clement last of the three but others again put him before either of the other two Cl. Salmas dissert de Episcop Presbyt cap. 4. Which confusion the learned S●lmasius conceives to proceed from no other cause then that they were not particular and onely Bishops as the most would have them to be but some of those many Presbyters who were appointed to govern the Church of Rome with equall and joynt power And truly the Reverend B P Vsher * Dissert de Ignatii c. scriptis cap. 18. in addend p. 137. q●um ista scripsit Clemens Epis Pres communia adh●c videantur fuisse nomina Nicol. Vedel Exercit. 8. in epist Ignat ad Maria. 11. ca. 3. acknowledgeth that when this Epistle was written by Clement the names of Bishop and Presbyter seemed to be common as indeed thereby it appeares though Vedelius the Professor of Geneva grant that this distinction was already * jam invaluisse grown for some good while to be in use in Clement's time which how it can be Clement's banishment nay Martyrdome happening very presently upon the writing thereof as is most probably † v. Dn. Ju●ium in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Notas ad Clementem conjectured I leave to others to consider of However it is a very good observation which the learned Mr Yong maketh that Clement being to exhort the disagreeing and factious part of the Church of Corinth to compliance and brotherly condescension in love and humility he makes no use of any power from his own but gently entreats them through the whole Epistle in the generall Name of the Church of Rome never mentioning himself or his own authority any way So unfitting a thing did those holy men of the Primitive times conceive it to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that I may use Clement's own words imperiously and arrogantly to advance themselves over the flock and people of Christ allowing such no part or portion at all in him contrary to what we have seen and have been very sensible of in our dayes II. The calamities and sad accidents which have happened unto us All antiquity being wholly silent about the time when this Epistle was written learned Mr Yong from these words as also from a main circumstance in Clement's relation of Paul's suffering doth make a probable conjecture that it was sent by him in the time of his banishment to the Church of Corinth which was about the beginning of Trajan or not long after some two yeares before his martyrdome Baron ad An. XCV § 1. The great Annalist refers the writing of it to the twelfth yeare of Domitian some six or seven years sooner But his Eminency pleases not to vouchsafe any ground or reason for his so doing Yet his industry is very highly to be honored for that despairing ever to find an entire Copy he first attempted to collect out of the Fathers writings and set together the unvaluable reliques of this * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Euseb l. 3. c. 12. Eccl. Hist 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Niceph. Call lib. 3. cap. 18. admirable and † 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iren. li. 3. c. 3. apud Euseb absolute for so it was esteemed of old and withall * Valdè utilis Hieron in Catalog Script Ecclesiast most usefull Epistle as it were the fragments and shattered parcells of some inestimable but almost decayed statue being not the lesse to be respected for that it had undergon the same fate which by the meanes of bad times and worse hands many an excellent and choice piece hath met with to the unspeakable loss and damage of posterity Abominable and ungodly sedition III. Baronius makes the first Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians wherein he taxes them for their a 1 Cor. 1.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 schisms and b 1 Cor. 3.3 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 factions Ad annum LVII § 2. to be written neer forty years before this of Clement It should seem very strange that notwithstanding the earnest endevours of the Apostles and their ministers in the Gospel for settling of peace and unitie in this Church their divisions should revive and again get head with more strength and obstinacy and grow more inveterate as appeares by this present abominable and ungodly sedition and breach among them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Clem. so soon did the enemy that evil one begin to sow his tares even in the purest times and Congregations and so unhappily they