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B02463 A modest apology occasioned by the importunity of the Bishop of Derrie, who presseth for an answer to a query, stated by himself, in his second admonition: concerning joyning in the publick worship established by law. In answer to the query, the pondering of some weighty exceptions is first desired: and then such a resolution is given to the query, as the word of God, and thereby the safety of our consciences will allow. / By a minister of the gospel, at the desire of some Presbyterian dissenters. Craghead, Robert.; King, William, 1650-1729. 1696 (1696) Wing C6794; ESTC R171586 54,814 122

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●eing he was to Ordain Elders in the plural num●er in every City and by the Scripture these El●ers are Bishops then mo Bishops then one was ● be in every City which is contrare to the Epis●opal Constitution 4. If it be said that Titus ●as Archbishop or Metropolitan Answ This ●cketh nothing but Proof which no where can ●e had For the primitive Gospel-Church knew ●o such thing as either a Diocesan Bishop Arch●ishop or Metropolitan long after the Death of ●imothy and Titus there being no certain Rule ●or modeling of Diocesses until the Reign of Con●antine the Great at which time the Church did ●ollow the Civil Government as to Diocesses this ●ishop Stilling-fleet maketh out in his Irenic page ●76 377. 5. There is nothing to be found in ●e Scriptures to countenance this Assertion that ●itus was Archbishop of Crete all that can be said is ●at he was sent to Crete upon a piece of special ser●ice for the Church which made him no more Bi●op there then when he staid some time in other ●laces Aquinas run into the same Mistake as ●o Dalmatia for because Titus went to Dalmatia ●herefore he calls him the Bishop of Dalmatia 6. ●f it be said that the least that Bishops can Gain from Titus being left to Ordain Elders is that ●shops have sole Power of Ordination seing T● alone ordained Answ This is but to beg● Question for we deny that Titus was a Bish● let that first be proved And 2. That he orda●ed as a Bishop And 3. That he ordained alo● For his ordaining of Elders makes him no Bisho● no more then the Apostle Pauls ordaining ma● him a Bishop they ordained as Extraordina● Officers in the Church making way for Bisho● or Pastors and though Titus was invested wi● extraordinary Power above any Bishop or Pasto● yet that it self will not prove that he ordained s● paratim without Presbyters Because he was Ordain Elders in the same manner that was the ●stablished Way of the Church in conjunction wi● Presbyters as the Apostle Paul did lay his han● on Timothy conjunctim with the Presbytry th● is joyntly with a Presbytry Object 2. The Epistles to the seven Church of Asia are directed to the Bishops of these Chu●ches because each of them is directed to one si●gle Person called the Angel of the Church Answ That these Epistles are directed to t● Bishops of these Churches in the Scripture se● we easily acknowledge but then no advanta● to the Episcopal Cause is gained For if these A●gels be Bishops and Bishops the same with Pr●byters then ye are just where you were not li● ●d one step higher than a preaching Presbyter or ●ospel-Pastor 2. Whereas the Angel is spoken unto in the sin●lar number you have no advantage by this either ●r you shall find one and the same Angel spoken ● in the plural number As to the Angel of the ●hurch of Smyrna Rev. 2. 10 The Devil shal cast ●me of you into Prison the Speech is directed un● the Angel yet the plural number is used 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to ●ew that it 's not one single Person only that is de●ted by the Name of Angel so also to the Angel ●f the Church of Thyatira but unto you I say 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ●ere the Angel is expresly spoken unto in the plu●l number So that any Argument from the ●ame Angel utterly faileth you For though an ●gel be named in the singular number yet that by ●e Name Angel is understood a collective Body ● Ministers is evident otherwise let any Man ●nder a Reason why the Angel is spoken to in the ●ural number as mo than one And hereby we ●ve solid ground to think that the Angel is spo●n to in the plural number purposly to obviat or ●rrect the Misapprehensions of any who would ●ink that a Bishop over Presbyters is understood ● the Word Angel Object 3 But the Government of the Church ● Bishops having Authority Jurisdiction over ●esbyters is so Antient that we cannot judge it ● any lower Derivation then from the Apostles albeit we have it not by express Scripture Answ 1. If you have such a Government the Church by due consequence from any Scriptu● of the New Testament We are ready to ye● Subjection albeit ye cannot Prove it by expr● Scriptures ye shall not be so hard put to it ● for you only to Affirm and Assert it Apostoli● without any Proof cannot convince Mens Judg●ments and satisfie their Conscience in a matter so great Importance Your selves being Judge if you have Proof for it make it appear Bish● Laud and some other Bishops with him said o● publickly if Prelacy were not the Apostolick G●vernment they would forth with throw away th● Rotchets But they kept them as long as th● could and the Proof went no further upon whi● Mr. Pryne did challenge them for breach of P●mise VVhy do ye not stop all our Mouths ●proving your Assertion and so satisfie a great B●dy of Protestants at Home and Abroad Who gi● Reasons from Scripture contrare to your Asser●on And to say it must be Apostolick because its Antiquity is little less then to say we will ha● it from them whither they will or not their D●ctrine and Practice refuse and yet it must be ●torted from them 2. We have made it appear already that the ●postles did prescribe another Form of Governmen● be managed by the Ministers of the Gospel in ● ●ty of Ministerial Power and how to impose u●on our own Reason and Belief that by some in●isible Prescription they have contradicted all ●is were hard measure should we or can we ●ject what they have Recorded by Inspiration of ●e Holy Ghost and betake our selves to some fan●ed Tradition Could this be a safe Way for our ●onsciences Or could we Answer to GOD for ● Your selves being Judges 3. If the Antiquity of Prelacy be at last its only ●ea and strongest Defence Cyprian will soon An●er for us that Antiquity without Verity is but mouldy ●rror and as Sir Francis Bacon termed it a Cypher ●ithout a Figure 2. If this Plea should hold Good then there ● a Door opened for the most Antient Errors ●herewith the Church was infested even in the A●ostles times and such as soon after endangered ●e renting of her Bowels 3. And however Antient Prelacy be found yet may and doth suffice us that it hath no Institution ● the Gospel-Church by Christ or his Apostles ●nd therefore can claim no better than Humane Appointment for which Appointment no Commis●n was granted to the Church Object All that is Alledged by you against E●iscopacy is but your own late Sentiments For ●e Antient Fathers who understood the State of ●e Primitive Church better than you do generally bear Testimony that Bishops have been in all Ag● of the Gospel-Church Answ We are of the same mind with Aug●stin who being urged with the Authority of ●prian answered That what he spoke according to ● Scriptures he would
A Modest APOLOGY Occasioned by the IMPORTUNITY of the Bishop of Derrie Who presseth for an Answer to a Query stated by Himself in his second Admonition concerning Joyning in the Publick Worship Established by Law In Answer to the Query The pondering of some weighty Exceptions is first Desired And then such a Resolution is given to the Query as the Word of GOD and thereby the safety of our Consciences will allow By a Minister of the Gospel at the Desire of some Presbyterian Dissenters Jer. 6. 16. And ask for the old Paths where is the good Way and Walk therein and ye shall find rest to your Souls GLASGOW Printed for the Author 1696. TO THE CHRISTIAN READER THou mayst justly expect some account of this little Treatise what hath been the Occasion and for what End it is now Published Know therefore that the Bishop of Derry hath been at pains to direct two Admonitions to the Dissenters of his Diocess of whom We are a part wherein he hath taken the trouble of industrious and particular searching into our Manner of Worship As to his first Admonition several Replies were made which he hath never yet answered as to the most material Questions under Debate though many of his Assertions were contradicted and confuted by plain Scripture and Reason His second Admonition much of it being Repetitions of the first and pure Matters of Fact as how often the Presbyterians in his Diocess have celebrated the Lords Supper and where and when and such little Things as hims● calleth them wherein the Merits of the Ca● is nothing concerned We shall therefore henc● forth be little concerned with them judgi● the account given in Answer to his first Adm●nition sufficient if not more we never havin● subjected to his Episcopal Inspection and th● Reasons for our not subjecting the ensuing Di●course shall discover There is nothing in this last Admonition w● shall notice at present but the Authors Persw●sives for our joining with them in publick Wo●ship which he insisteth upon Pages fifth a● sixth it were tedious to Transcribe all b● what is quoted shall be his own words Pa● fifth If then it be their Opinion that it is La●full for you to Join in our publick Worship at le● when ye cannot go to your own Meetings and th● you had better do so than stay at Home espec●ally where the established Ministers are Sober● Able Orthodox and diligent as those of this Dy●cess I presume generally are I desire you to call ● mind whether your Ministers have declared th● Opinion in this Point or no c. ibid. but if yo● Ministers have not made any such Declaration of th● Opinion in this Point though they know it to be la●full Judge with your selves whether they have disch●ged the Office of faithfull Guides to you c. Ibi● And therefore you ought every one of you to require ●our Ministers direct and positive Resolution in it c. This is the most material Passage in his Book and the occasion of the following Discourse whereby the Reader will perceive how much we are concerned and constrained to make a Reply otherwise our Ministers shall be under the odious imputation of Unfaithfulness and if we should be silent now when so pushed to a positive Answer and Resolution many would say fugisti quia tacuisti that we desert our Cause by Silence and whatever be his Design who urgeth this Declaration and thereby a discovery of our Reasons for not Joining in their publick Worship which is Suspicable considering how often he hath been our Accuser yet therein we leave him to the Great Judge who judgeth Righteously and shal now as he hath publickly exposed and given us the Challenge so shall We by the help of GOD manifest to all who shall please to consider the Reasons convincing and obliging Us to steadiness in the Communion whereof we are Members Judging our manner of Worship founded on the Word of GOD and therefore neither Wearied nor Ashamed of it As also our just Exceptions against that manner of Worship urged by our Monitor for our own Vindication and the Satisfaction of those who may be Prepossessed with such an uncharitable Opinion of us as if we had nothing to say for our selves nor any thing to Object but ignorant trivial Scruples But let the impartial Reader after perusal Judge if the Exceptions following may not rationally determine us to an Aversation and keeping at distance from that manner of Worship we except against at least these parts of it that are exceptionable If any shall say that Debates of this Nature are now Unseasonable Answer 1. It cannot be expected that any thing appearing in the defence of Dissenters will be at any time Seasonable to Some so that their Season would be never Yet their exposing of Us is never thought out of Season But whoever be displeased yet the Author of the Query of all Men hath least Cause to offend Himself giving the Occasion for all that is here Debated 2. If any healing of our Breaches were appearing which VVe earnestly Pray for it could not be Unseasonable to discover the Wounds that need healing We think rather the sight of these painfull Wounds and Grievances should excite all to exert what is in their Power for our Healing it 's said of some of the Grecians that when any of their People were long and dangerously diseased no Cure proving effectual that such Persons were taken to some Place where there was greatest Concourse of People that all who passed by might take notice of their Disease and in compassion do what they could for their Remedy And what is here written is neither intended nor hath of it self a tendency to irritate any no Railing no Reviling no satyrick Invectives shall appear but rather a peaceable narrative of our VVounds and their Causes all which might be healed by relieving us from confessedly unnecessar Impositions which we cannot conform to without wounding of Conscience 3. If some Masters of Policy cannot or will not be perswaded of its Seasonableness yet we desire them to be so just as to consider that it 's now extorted from us Others have exposed us as unfaithfull to one another and our Ministers both by Word and Write Reproached for not giving Counsel to their People for joyning with the Paroch-Churches and is it adviseable that we expose our selves by Silence and so perpetuate the Imputation and harden such as seek occasion against us If any shall say that there are plenty of Books already extant whereby our Principles and manner of VVorship are sufficiently Asserted and Justified and our Practice in not Joyning with the Establisht Church vindicated from Schis● and all culpable Separation Yet let the Rea●er consider that by the late Confusion and Co●bustion in this Countrey many of these Boo● are destroyed at least in this Part of the Na●on whereby many of the People want that he● to stand up for their own Perswasion whic● formerly they had And of
was the Will of GOD that such an Officer as a ●shop over Presbyters should be in the House ● GOD that they might obey him in the LOR● 3. The Apostle in the following Words give● Warning that after his Departure grievous Wolv● shall enter in among them not sparing the Flock a● verse 30. of their own selves shall Men arise spea●ing perverse things to draw away Disciples after the● Yet for all this Danger he giveth no Direction set up a Bishop over other Ministers for pres●ving the Flock nor any Intimation that it w● the Will of GOD to provide such a Remedy a●terwards But requireth the Pastors to Watch a● commendeth them to GOD and the Word of h● Grace which was able to Build them up whe● by we may see they are remitted to the word for D●rection in what concerneth his Church and n● to invent without the Word a Remedy of the● own devising 4. From the same Scripture ● are also instructed that the instituted Pastors ● the Church are to feed and take heed unto all ● Flock over which the Holy Ghost hath ma● them Overseers And therefore Gospel-Ministe● are to have no greater Charge than such as th● may perform all the Duties belonging to a Pasto● to all the Flock And if any Minister assum● greater Charge than he can perform these Du● unto then it is not that Charge that the Holy Gh● hath committed to him If it be said that the Bishop feedeth the Flock ● his Substituts such as he is pleased to appoint Answ But quo jure by what Right or Autho●ty can he substitute another to do that which he ●th assumed for his own Work and personal Per●rmance it was a doubt that the learned Sir Fran● Bacon said he could never be resolved of how a Man that had a Trust committed to him for his per●nal Faithfulness could delegate that Trust to another ●d if a Bishop say he never engaged to Feed so ●any then it may be justly replyed he was never ●astor to so many Why then should he presume ●e Title and Name of their Pastor When he ●●weth it simply impossible for him to Teach ●d Feed them or the twentieth part of them ac●rding to the Duty of a Pastor It 's also to be observed that as by this and ma● other Texts the Ministers of the Gospel have ●ual Pastoral Authority de jure so we find in the ●riptures that de facto they are placed in Possessi● of this Ministerial-Power and exercise it with ●vine Approbation For Presbyters ordain Mi●sters as 1 Tim. 4. 14. and are therein approved ● the Apostle Timothy being charged not to ne●ct the Gift he had thereby received 2. A Com●nity of Presbyters exert their Power in Church ●scipline and are required by the Apostle so to ● 1 Cor. 5. 4. and 5. verses This Sentence was ●icted by many not by one assuming the sole Power of Jurisdiction to himself which is c●sonant to our Saviours Doctrine Matth. 18. 1● who requireth the offended Brother to tell ● Church not a single Person if Christ had co●mitted the Power of Discipline to One than ● Complaint of the offended Brother should h● been to that One for to whom should he Co●plain but to such as had Power to do him Justi● and remove the Offence But we see Christ's ●pointment is not to make Application to One ● to the Church Therefore it 's no Institution Christ that authoritative Church-Power be lo●ed in one Person So also we find that Presbyters are Constitu● Members of that famous Juridical Synod at Je●salem Acts 15. the Apostles and Elders came to ●ther to consider the Matter in which Assem● there is not one found to Over-rule the Rest ● assuming a negative Voice Though some pres● had more just Authority in the Church than ● now on Earth can pretend to yet all had f● liberty to speak their Judgement and all car● by Suffrages and that which was concluded pl●ed the Apostles and Elders and is published in ● Name of the Apostles and Elders whereby it's parent that in the Apostles time Presbyters ● in the actual exercise of Church-Government ●therwise the Decrees of the Synod had never ● published in their Name We shall not at pr● multiply Arguments but let these three be duely ●nsidered 1. That the Office of a Prelate can●t be found in the Roll of Church-Officers 2. ●rists Discharging his Ministers to be one of ●em Greater than another And 3. The Di●e Institution of parity among Ministers Object Timothy and Titus are called Bishops in ● Bibles therefore Bishops are by Divine Insti●tion Answ All Gospel Pastors are Bishops accor●g to the Word of GOD and therefore tho' ●ey were Bishops which cannot be granted ●t the Episcopal Cause gaineth nothing because ●shops above Presbyters are never found in our ●bles 2. These Postscripts to the 2d Epistle to Ti●thy and the Epistle to Titus are not Canonick ●ripture but added several Ages after the Canon Scripture was closed and after the Church be●n to degenerat which is irrefragably evinced Mr Pryn in his Unbishoping of Timothy and ●us and is acknowledged both by Papists and ●ers that the most antient Copies have no such ●stscripts and therefore our Bibles have these ●stscripts still at some distance from the rest of ●se Epistles But the Difference is not altoge●er so observable now as formerly when these ●stscripts were purposely Printed in very smal ●aracters to make the Difference discernable by all who read them 3 Timothy is expresly ●led an Evangelist 2 Tim. 4. 5. and therefore co● not be a Bishop neither in Scripture sence a● Pastor to a particular Flock whom he might p●sonally oversee nor in the Prelatical sence as a ●ocesan Bishop because an Evangelist was no●●mited to any particular bounds as hath been cle●ed already And to say that Timothy was Bish● of Ephesus is against reason for Timothy was p●sent with the Apostle Paul when he commit● the Charge of the Flock to the Presbyters in co●mon but no mention of Timothy as their Bishop● whom the Charge had chiefly belonged if he h● been the only Bishop of Ephesus As for Titus he was employed in the like G●pel-Service from one place to another as Tim● was But it 's said Tit. 15. That he was left in Cret● ordain Elders in every City therefore he had Epis●pal Jurisdiction Answ 1. Timothy and Titus were both ex●ordinary Officers in the Church as appears ● their constant Travels from place to place th● Work being to erect Churches and plant Bish● or Presbyters in these Churches but not to Bishops of them themselves their Power be● greater than ordinary Bishops or Pastors as is ● served by Chrysostom on Eph. 4 that their Work ● to plant Churches and Bishops or Elders to be thei●●dinary Pastors 2. Seing Titus was to ordain El●ers in every City of Crete then where was his own ●iocess For it cannot be supposed that he did ●rdain himself Bishop of one of these Cities 3.
obtaining peace to her self 2. Tho' this be the strongest Effort and most ●lausible Argument that the Episcopal Cause can ●aim Yet when pondered in the Ballance of the ●anctuary it 's found light because first Christ did ●re know all the Trials Temptations and Events ●at should befall his Church yet he saw it not fit ● prescribe any such Remedy who is faithfull in ●l his House the Government is upon his Shoul●rs and the House is his own if any Man ac●se him for omitting so necessary a Mean as is ●retended for the good of his Church let him ●onsider how he will give an account when he is ●dged by the same Lord of his House for his ●re and faithfulness hath fully appeared already ● setting so many Officers in his House as he ●ought necessary And therefore if an Oecume●k Council were assembled more full than ever yet appeared in the Christian World they cou● not jure set another Officer in the House of Go● to Command and bear Rule over these Office● whom Christ hath entrusted to Feed his Floc● though Dr. Stilling fleet now Bishop once scepti● as to any particular Form of Church-Gover●ment hath taken much pains in his Irenic to pe●swade the World that it 's left to Humane Pr●dence whither the Church be Governed by B●shops over Presbyters or by Ministers in pari● of Power And strenuously opposeth the Divi● Right of Prelacy yet since he ascended and fi●ed in that Orb himself tempora mutantur nos m●tamur in illis Presbyters are now so contemptib● in his Eye that if his new Labours and Argumen● can prevail they shall not so much as be tollera●ed to Labour in their Masters Vineyard Aureus heu fragilem confregit malleus urna● That his Book is so answered that many dou● his Confidence to give it a Reply but leaving hi● from whom better things were expected 3. Consider that if Bishops be set over Presb●ters for Preservation of Unity in the Church th● some new Order must be set over these Bishops f● they may fall out by the Way as well as other B●thren as they often do and these who are set ●ver them may likeways fall into Divisions for i● rare to see Promotion make Men more Lowly a● Meek Archbishops and Metropolitans ha● been scandalously divided by their own Pride to ●e height of Excommunicating one another ●nd when all these fail so that Unity is not obtain●d whether shall Men go next if not to a principi●m unitatis caput Eclesiae to whom all must sub●ect And thus it was indeed that the Pope ascen●ed his Throne and as many have observed and ●e Groaning Church under that Tyrranny yet ●ndeth the Remedy proved worse than the Dis●ase this manner of Cure to elevate some Mini●ers above the Station that Christ had placed ●em in and Robbing other Ministers of their ●e Right Could never have good Fruit nor ●d ever Men ground to expect GODS blessing ●on such an unwarrantable and audacious Pre●mption Object Presbyters do voluntarly Elect and set ● Bishops to have Authority and Jurisdiction o●er themselves and therefore though they be now ●eprived of Jurisdiction they have no Cause to ●omplain for violenti non fit injuria blame themsves Ans 1. If Presbyters chused and made Bishops ●er themselves as we grant is said to be done at ●exandria then Presbyters had all that Power ● Jurisdiction at first intrinsecally in themselves ●r they could not give that to others which was ●t their own and this of it self is yeelding the ●use when it is acknowledged that Presbyters had the Original Ministerial-Power by CHRIS● Commission 2. It was not in the Power of Presbyters to ●lienate that Power which Christ had conferred ●pon them for id possumus quod Jure possum● Christ having bestowed upon them full Pasto● Authority by what Warrant could they give t● away to another or any part of it For it was g●en to be exerted by themselves in their Person Service according to their Masters Directions their Master had thought fit to lodge that Po● in the Hands of others he would have bestow it himself but never left it to their Option to S● or Give away his Gifts and so disable themsel● for the Trust and Service he committed to th● besides that it is inaccountable Ungratitude ● Contempt of their Master to throw away ● Commission and let others Dispose of it as t● please And whoever have done so we are thereby obliged to the like Practice 3. If this be the deed of Conveyance whereby ●shops over Presbyters have obtain'd a Right ● Title to sole Jurisdiction in the Church then t● cannot say they have this Right and Title f● Christ It 's a Gift of the Presbyters but not a ● of Christ And a very dishonest Gift Dishono●ble both to the Giver and Receiver Yet there are many Reasons to perswade the inadvertent succumbing of some Presby● ●ve great Occasion for the rising of Prelacy pau●tim by Degrees For first Some Ministers being seated in Places of Emi●ncy in the World specially Great Cities in con●rmity to the Civil Government and Jurisdiction ● these Places the Ministers of these Places had ●o early some Titles of Honour not common to ● other Ministers 2. And if they were eminent ●r Abilities and Prudence or of long standing in ●e Ministry When other Ministers and they ●d meet together for the Affairs of the Church ●mmonly such Men were Chosen to preside for ●e orderly Management of their Judicatories as ●olocutors or Moderators Which cannot be ●nting without Confusion yet he who did Pre●e had no power of Jurisdiction over the rest it re●aining in their Power to choose another for that ●rvice as they should see it expedient But 3. his sometimes falling into the hands of ambiti●s Men made interest not only for their conuance but for their farther Promotion usurp● upon other Ministers who were more meanly ●ated untill they had wrested Power out of their ●ands and did appropriate all Jurisdiction to ●emselves the other Ministers sinfully succum●ng under this Usurpation untill there was no ●trieving of what they had Lost Our 2d Exception is your Liturgy which after ●rious Perusal we cannot approve not that we are against a general Directory for decent Order Gospel-Administrations that each part of W●ship have its due place This we acknowledge be necessary And therefore all the Reform● Churches have provided themselves with su● Directories But that which we cannot comp● with is such a Form of Divine Service or Worsh● as is Composed by a few and peremptorily i●posed on others so as that Form of Worship s● be used and no other Our Reasons are First no Liturgy or stinted Form of Worsh● was either Composed Used or Imposed by t● Apostles or any Gospel-Ministers in the first ●ges of the Church If any Affirm there were su● Forms it 's their part to make them appear whi● hath never yet been done but by a manifest F●gery of the Apostle James