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A36008 Englands defence, a treatise concerning invasion, or, A brief discourse of what orders were best for repulsing of foreign forces if at any time they should invade us by sea in Kent, or elsewhere exhibited in writing to the Right Honourable Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, a little before the Spanish Invasion, in the year 1588 / by Thomas Diggs ... to which is now added, an account of such stores of war and other materials as are requisite for the defence of a fort, a train of artillery, and for a magazine belonging to a field army ; and also a list of the ships of war, and the charge of them, and the land-forces designed by the Parliament against France anno 1678 ; also a list of the present governors of the garisons of England, and of all the lord lieutenants and high sheriffs of all those counties adjacent to the coasts ; lastly the wages of officers and seamen serving in His Majesty's fleet at sea per month collected by Thomas Adamson ... Digges, Thomas, d. 1595.; Adamson, Thomas, fl. 1680. Account of such stores of war, and other materials as are requisite for the defense of a fort, a train of artillery, and for a magazine belonging to a field army. 1680 (1680) Wing D1471; ESTC R7897 16,642 22

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if we lose a Battel Aad therefore it is no part of my meaning to wish our Prince to give any Invading Enemy Battel with all our Forces how well prepared and ordered soever we should be But my meaning is to have such Provision in every Shire as we may be able readily on any sudden to give the Enemy all annoiance possible before and at the Landing while the inward Forces of our Country may the better assemble and put themselves in Military Order to proceed after as shall be found most convenient And therefore to avoid as well confused Assemblies of our own Forces as also to be able like Souldiers orderly to annoy the Enemy by all means at the landing and nevertheless to reserve all Advantages of temporizing afterward if we should not defeat or repell them at or before the landing these Notes ensuing I would wish to be considered Notes to be remembred in the Musters and Ordering of Men hereafter First That all bad Armor Weapons and Furniture be defaced or taken away and such new provided as may be serviceable and this to be better executed without favour indifferently on all degrees That better Consideration be had of selecting or enrolling of Souldiers that only active and able Bodies be appointed for Weapon the rest for Pioneers or Labourers and that such Labourers be enjoined also to have in readiness their Spade Shovel or Pickax with them accordingly as at the Musters shall be appointed These well directed shall do service with the best in the Field I would not have them denied but rather allowed every Man also his light Pike or Black-Bill to execute when Time shall serve That good regard be had to maintain still full Numbers of armed Pikes for as we grow by Wealth more delicate we shall seek generally with the Italian and French to leave that Weapon and thereby greatly weaken the Forces of our Land That some Games be erected in several places in every Shire of England to allure Men to shoot in Muskets c. and to bestow their Bullets surely for the usual manner of Training by wasting Powder is ridiculous and no Service in the World in it But especially that Provision be made of one kind of Weapon and Serviture that in all our former Musters hath bin omitted and in my Opinion ought specially above all others to be provided in all Shires fronting on the Sea where Invasion may be made I mean the Argoleteir These Argoleteirs need no such chief Horse as the Lance or Man at Arms but every mean Gelding and ordinary Hackney will serve this purpose whereby it shall be more easy to have in readiness a thousand of these Argoleteirs than an hundred sufficient Lances And yet would I have most part of their Horses such as were able for four or five Miles when need shall be to take up and carry a Foot-Shot or Musquetier behind him and so shall they be able for repelling sudden Invasions to do singular Service being well directed and far above any other heretofore in our Musters provided The Pioneers or Labourers also being great Numbers will always readily be at hand to cast Trenches or make Sconces to lodge Shot in Safety to annoy the Enemy and fortify Streights and Passages and finally when time is on the scattering or flying Enemy to do execution also It shall not be difficult in every Shire to find some such two or three places of Assembly within a few miles of the Coast as may discover the Enemy on the Sea far off and plainly perceive on what part he meaneth to land from whence Supplies accordingly may be sent And first I would wish of those Argoleteirs and Shot on foot some convenient Companies be sent to the Coast and Order given that all the Labourers of those parts should attend on them to make Trenches or Sconces to stay the Enemy as they should be directed in which time the armed Pikes accompanied with Lances may have space to range themselves in Order Military without confusion or disorder to march towards the Enemy And if these Argoleteirs and other Shot should happen by the Enemy to be repelled yet by the aid of the Labourers of the Country they may retire in such sort from one Strength to another as the Enemy with great loss shall very slowly follow them And forasmuch as Kent is the most likely Shire of all other for many respects to be attempted whensoever any Invasion shall be by Sea it were requisite before-hand by Men of Skill to have the Landing-Places well surveyed and convenient Places of Assembly appointed and all Passages or Streights well considered that good direction may be given where to assemble and how to proceed upon any sudden when occasion shall require For at this present not only among the common sort of ignorant Captains but even among some of good Judgment and Experience if such an occasion should suddenly happen there would be found such repugnance of Opinions as perhaps the worst and most perillous Resolution might be taken In other Arts Errors are not so dangerous but upon better deliberation they may be corrected but in these Military Causes especially in matter of Invasion an erroneous Resolution at the first may utterly overthrow the State for ever I would wish this Matter of so great Importance effectually considered before imminent Danger while Time is And so is there no doubt the natural Fortification of this Island considered with the great store of Shipping and Mariners and the abundance of Armor and Weapon now in England and able Bodies also to use them if they were duly trained and exercised but we may with good Order repell the Fury of all Foreign Enemies whatsoever Thus far Mr. Diggs And now I must not omit one thing which is to let you know that the great strength of this Kingdom lies in Chatham-River and at Portsmouth and I could heartily wish all his Majesty's Ships there were in that River too As for the first it is sufficiently secured by the New Fortifications at Sheerness and thereabouts but for the latter if an Invasion should happen in those parts the Enemy may land at Stokes-Bay secure Gospar with a great deal of ease destroy the Navy there and beat down the Town of Portsmouth about their Ears therefore that Bay ought to be secured upon the first Alarm I would have given you a List of the last thirty Ships but that they are not all yet finished but when they are will make the most glorious Fleet in the World Requisite for the Defence of a Fort. FOr Men the Governor must require them according to the Enemies Strength the number of the Bastions and capacity of the Place For Provision according to the number of Souldiers and the time whether it be six eight or twelve Months Provision Spare Ordnance a quarter as many as are mounted for a supply in case any shall be disabled Shot of all sorts as well for great Guns as for Musquets