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dispose_v of_o as_o the_o state_n shall_v still_o see_v cause_n and_o when_o great_a tree_n be_v make_v use_n of_o it_o be_v good_a they_o be_v stock_v up_o by_o the_o root_n for_o if_o cut_v than_o the_o root_n will_v cumber_v the_o ground_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v a_o new_a plant_n till_o these_o root_n be_v rot_v which_o will_v be_v long_o or_o else_o there_o must_v be_v a_o stocking_n after_o the_o fall_n which_o will_v be_v far_o more_o chargeable_a than_o if_o they_o have_v be_v stock_v at_o the_o first_o beside_o if_o you_o cut_v a_o tree_n down_o there_o be_v great_a waist_n of_o timber_n for_o the_o kirfe_n if_o it_o be_v a_o great_a tree_n be_v so_o deep_a that_o usual_o there_o be_v
common-good_a or_o the_o improvement_n of_o commons_o forest_n and_o chase_n by_o enclosure_n wherein_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o poor_a the_o common_a plenty_n of_o all_o and_o the_o increase_n and_o preservation_n of_o timber_n with_o other_o thing_n of_o common_a concernment_n be_v consider_v by_o s._n t._n london_n print_v for_o francis_n titan_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o three_o dagger_n near_o the_o middle-temple_n gate_n 1652._o to_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o parliament_n of_o england_n the_o only_a proper_a councillor_n for_o common-good_a all_o wisdom_n peace_n honour_n and_o universal_a happiness_n be_v desire_v of_o that_o god_n who_o spirit_n in_o a_o mystery_n of_o providence_n have_v be_v eminent_o see_v in_o you_o by_o a_o observe_a honourer_n of_o your_o faithfulness_n silvanus_n taylor_n the_o content_n sect._n 1_o in_o the_o which_o be_v set_v down_o the_o general_a exception_n against_o enclosure_n of_o commons_o with_o brief_a answer_n thereunto_o sect._n 2._o in_o which_o be_v set_v forth_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o commons_o sect._n 3_o wherein_o the_o common-field_n near_o town_n and_o village_n be_v treat_v of_o sect._n 4._o of_o commons_o in_o rich_a low_a ground_n sect._n 5._o of_o commons_o which_o be_v plain_a upland_n ground_n sect._n 6._o of_o commons_o which_o be_v apt_a for_o wood_n and_o overspread_v with_o bush_n sect._n 7._o of_o commons_o cumber_v with_o briar_n thorn_n heath_n moss_n etc._n etc._n sect._n 8._o which_o treat_v of_o forest_n and_o chase_n sect._n 9_o of_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o enclose_v commons_o sect._n 10._o treat_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o enclose_v forest_n and_o chase_n with_o some_o brief_a direction_n for_o plant_v and_o preserve_v wood_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v a_o provision_n for_o our_o navy_n to_o all_o generation_n common-good_a or_o the_o improvement_n of_o commons_o forest_n and_o chase_n by_o enclosure_n sect_n i._o in_o which_o be_v set_v down_o the_o general_a exception_n against_o enclosure_n of_o commons_o with_o brief_a answer_n thereunto_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o commons_o be_v a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n and_o be_v common_a to_o many_o consequential_o there_o be_v no_o personal_a propriety_n the_o chief_a reason_n that_o they_o continue_v still_o overrun_v with_o a_o curse_n it_o be_v natural_a for_o all_o man_n to_o love_v propriety_n the_o reason_n because_o conveniency_n be_v its_o adjunct_n and_o man_n do_v delight_v rather_o to_o say_v this_o be_v i_o than_o this_o be_v we_o for_o the_o one_o he_o hold_v but_o in_o common_a a_o notion_n of_o extenuation_n to_o love_n the_o other_o he_o be_v sole_a lord_n of_o and_o so_o have_v it_o at_o his_o own_o dispose_n man_n will_n as_o corrupt_v will_v be_v lord_n paramount_n and_o have_v it_o but_o wing_n and_o strength_n will_v quick_o surmount_v the_o whole_a universe_n and_o be_v as_o our_o desire_n be_v as_o go_n it_o be_v once_o adam_n happiness_n even_o in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n to_o dress_v the_o garden_n and_o eat_v of_o the_o fruit_n thereof_o but_o it_o be_v his_o great_a unhappiness_n to_o be_v thrust_v out_o into_o the_o large_a field_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o one_o be_v all_o thing_n delightful_a the_o other_o have_v the_o curse_n briar_n and_o thorn_n shall_v thou_o bring_v forth_o do_v that_o curse_n terminate_v in_o the_o person_n of_o adam_n sure_o no_o for_o the_o same_o god_n say_v now_o to_o the_o son_n of_o adam_n he_o that_o will_v not_o work_v let_v he_o not_o eat_v the_o turk_n will_v tell_v you_o the_o bread_n of_o idleness_n be_v no_o man_n what_o be_v the_o matter_n with_o we_o in_o england_n that_o we_o labour_v not_o to_o remove_v the_o curse_n and_o reduce_v those_o large_a briary_a and_o thorny_a commons_o who_o offer_v themselves_o if_o not_o into_o a_o paradise_n yet_o into_o pleasant_a garden_n fruitful_a orchard_n goodly_a field_n of_o corn_n feed_v pasture_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n stately_a wood_n and_o please_a grove_n all_o which_o with_o reasonable_a labour_n will_v be_v obtain_v but_o be_v there_o not_o a_o worse_o curse_v befall_v â—s_n even_o the_o curse_n of_o blind_a ignorance_n that_o we_o can_v see_v nor_o know_v the_o great_a good_a that_o will_v redound_v to_o this_o our_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o enclose_v of_o those_o many_o large_a yet_o little_o profitable_a commons_o among_o we_o that_o still_o lie_v under_o the_o curse_n and_o therefore_o many_o oppose_v the_o good_a and_o like_o drunken_a man_n labour_v more_o to_o be_v sick_a then_o sober_a man_n do_v to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o health_n if_o you_o continue_v to_o be_v deceive_v yet_o it_o shall_v be_v my_o work_n and_o true_o i_o think_v it_o my_o duty_n to_o employ_v my_o poor_a talon_n for_o my_o country_n good_a though_o i_o bring_v but_o a_o little_a goat_n hair_n to_o undeceive_v those_o that_o either_o by_o their_o own_o weakness_n or_o other_o delusion_n be_v still_o keep_v in_o the_o dark_a therefore_o the_o method_n that_o i_o shall_v use_v will_v be_v first_o to_o set_v down_o the_o general_a objection_n against_o enclose_v and_o then_o to_o give_v some_o brief_a answer_n thereunto_o second_o i_o shall_v show_v the_o several_a nature_n of_o commons_o in_o england_n and_o how_o they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o commodious_a by_o enclose_v three_o and_o last_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o enclose_v the_o objection_n be_v these_o 1_o object_n the_o first_o objection_n be_v that_o the_o enclosure_n of_o commons_o be_v the_o undo_n of_o many_o poor_a who_o have_v their_o only_a livelihood_n out_o of_o they_o for_o that_o a_o poor_a man_n have_v a_o wife_n and_o many_o child_n by_o a_o cottage_n and_o common_a have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o cow_n go_v and_o the_o keep_n of_o sheep_n and_o of_o get_v bush_n for_o his_o fuel_n and_o experience_n tell_v we_o that_o those_o who_o have_v enclose_v and_o thrust_v out_o the_o poor_a have_v receive_v proportionable_a to_o their_o demerit_n for_o the_o curse_n of_o the_o poor_a have_v light_v on_o they_o or_o their_o family_n 2_o object_n that_o if_o commons_o be_v enclose_v it_o will_v much_o decrease_v sheep_n and_o consequent_o wool_n and_o manufactory_a by_o which_o the_o hand_n of_o many_o poor_a be_v employ_v and_o merchant_n enrich_v by_o transport_v our_o cloth_n into_o many_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o there_o will_v be_v so_o much_o convert_v to_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n for_o other_o cattle_n that_o little_o will_v be_v leave_v for_o sheep_n 3_o object_n the_o three_o objection_n be_v that_o the_o free_a and_o copy-holders_n have_v now_o the_o benefit_n of_o commons_o which_o if_o enclose_v the_o lord_n will_v have_v a_o three_o part_n so_o that_o thereby_o many_o will_v be_v make_v poor_a for_o the_o enrich_n of_o one_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o first_o objection_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o inclose_v have_v and_o will_v be_v the_o undo_n of_o many_o poor_a etc._n etc._n i_o answer_v that_o do_v that_o poor_a man_n live_v in_o some_o other_o place_n where_o himself_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n may_v be_v employ_v in_o some_o manufactory_a or_o they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o spin_v of_o worsted_n woolen_n flax_n or_o such_o like_a easy_a work_n which_o a_o child_n of_o six_o year_n old_a may_v profitable_o be_v employ_v in_o certain_o it_o will_v be_v much_o more_o comfortable_a for_o they_o and_o much_o better_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n then_o if_o they_o as_o usual_o now_o they_o do_v shall_v be_v lazy_v upon_o a_o common_a to_o attend_v one_o cow_n and_o a_o few_o sheep_n for_o we_o seldom_o see_v any_o live_n on_o commons_o set_v themselves_o to_o a_o better_a employment_n and_o if_o the_o father_n do_v work_v sometime_o and_o so_o get_v bread_n yet_o the_o child_n be_v seldom_o bring_v up_o to_o any_o thing_n but_o be_v nurse_v up_o in_o idleness_n in_o their_o youth_n they_o become_v indispose_v for_o labour_n and_o then_o beg_v be_v their_o portion_n or_o thievery_n their_o trade_n so_o that_o though_o commons_o be_v a_o help_n to_o one_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o ruin_n to_o many_o which_o the_o government_n of_o a_o free_a state_n abhor_v in_o that_o a_o common_a plenty_n and_o liberty_n the_o great_a advantage_n of_o society_n natural_o conserve_v it_o as_o the_o contrary_n do_v a_o monarchy_n which_o at_o the_o best_a be_v best_a but_o for_o a_o few_o and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v say_v the_o curse_n of_o the_o poor_a have_v light_v on_o the_o incloser_n of_o commons_o or_o their_o family_n i_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o way_n hereafter_o propose_v for_o the_o enclose_v of_o commons_o be_v follow_v the_o poor_a as_o they_o
will_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o curse_v will_v exceed_o bless_a god_n for_o the_o enclose_v of_o they_o to_o the_o second_o objection_n that_o enclose_v of_o common_a will_v much_o lessen_v the_o breed_n of_o sheep_n etc._n etc._n i_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v many_o ground_n now_o in_o commons_o so_o unkind_o for_o sheep_n which_o the_o skilful_a countryman_n observe_v and_o be_v much_o discourage_v to_o put_v sheep_n thereon_o which_o if_o enclose_v then_o will_v he_o so_o sever_v his_o ground_n that_o he_o will_v put_v cattle_n in_o each_o ground_n most_o agreeable_a to_o their_o nature_n the_o dry_a upland_n ground_n for_o sheep_n and_o the_o low_a wet_a ground_n for_o his_o other_o cattle_n and_o this_o will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o lessen_v the_o breed_n of_o sheep_n that_o it_o will_v much_o increase_v they_o for_o a_o good_a husbandman_n will_v quick_o find_v out_o what_o his_o land_n his_o most_o fit_a for_o again_o commons_o general_o be_v overgrow_v with_o heath_n moss_n fearn_n or_o brackin_n furze_n or_o gorst_a etc._n etc._n so_o that_o both_o sheep_n and_o other_o cattle_n must_v be_v still_o pick_v to_o keep_v they_o alive_a and_o it_o be_v seldom_o see_v that_o those_o which_o be_v breed_v on_o commons_o be_v of_o any_o great_a growth_n but_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o general_o the_o improvement_n of_o one_o sheep_n in_o pasture_n be_v more_o than_o of_o two_o that_o be_v keep_v on_o the_o commons_o it_o be_v further_a say_v and_o grant_v that_o wool_n be_v the_o great_a staple_n commodity_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o therefore_o ought_v chief_o to_o be_v preserve_v i_o must_v acknowledge_v that_o wool_n be_v a_o clothing-blessing_n to_o this_o nation_n more_o than_o to_o any_o other_o it_o be_v eminent_o useful_a for_o manufactory_a and_o that_o which_o merchant_n trade_n with_o into_o many_o part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o which_o we_o at_o home_n be_v supply_v with_o many_o convenience_n but_o observe_v that_o the_o super-abundance_n of_o that_o commodity_n of_o wool_n we_o now_o spare_v be_v often_o exchange_v for_o the_o supply_n of_o that_o which_o be_v of_o more_o absolute_a necessity_n as_o corn_n which_o by_o enclose_v may_v be_v procure_v at_o home_n wherefore_o judge_n whether_o it_o be_v not_o much_o better_a to_o lessen_v our_o wool_n and_o thereby_o have_v plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n within_o our_o own_o nation_n then_o by_o sell_v our_o wool_n to_o buy_v corn_n in_o other_o country_n for_o know_v to_o all_o that_o corn_n be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o therefore_o primary_o to_o be_v intend_v it_o be_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o life_n call_v the_o staff_n of_o life_n and_o have_v the_o best_a concoct_v spirit_n and_o most_o suitable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n it_o be_v of_o the_o immediate_a production_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o man_n be_v our_o ancient_a and_o common_a law_n the_o very_a life_n if_o actuate_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o authority_n of_o common-good_a well_o provide_v that_o distress_n on_o the_o plough_n shall_v not_o be_v make_v but_o so_o much_o can_v be_v say_v of_o wool_n though_o it_o be_v of_o good_a and_o great_a use_n and_o although_o our_o merchant_n be_v a_o honour_n to_o our_o nation_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o do_v bring_v home_o many_o necessary_a commodity_n yet_o still_o it_o must_v give_v this_o honour_n that_o corn_n and_o cattle_n be_v of_o most_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o that_o all_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o incommodity_n as_o wine_n silk_n spice_n and_o tobacco_n be_v purchase_v with_o that_o which_o arise_v out_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n as_o that_o chief_o of_o wool_n fish_n tin_n and_o lead_v all_o which_o it_o be_v hope_v will_v be_v much_o improve_v to_o the_o increase_n of_o foreign_a trade_n to_o the_o three_o objection_n that_o free_a and_o copy-holders_n have_v more_o benefit_n by_o commons_o now_o then_o if_o enclose_v etc._n etc._n i_o answer_v this_o benefit_n be_v not_o unto_o all_o that_o have_v a_o right_a to_o common_a but_o to_o some_o few_o that_o live_v near_o upon_o the_o common_a for_z other_o that_o live_v but_o half_a a_o mile_n from_o the_o common_a have_v but_o little_a benefit_n thereof_o and_o unless_o the_o cattle_n which_o be_v put_v thereon_o be_v daily_o look_v unto_o they_o oftentimes_o stray_v so_o far_o if_o not_o lose_v that_o the_o time_n spend_v in_o look_v after_o they_o be_v more_o than_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o commons_o come_v to_o and_o indeed_o those_o that_o have_v the_o large_a purse_n have_v the_o large_a share_n on_o the_o commons_o by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v a_o petty_a tyranny_n exercise_v so_o that_o this_o mystery_n of_o oppression_n shall_v be_v unravel_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o common-good_a and_o sure_o much_o better_o will_v it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o have_v two_o acre_n enclose_v then_o to_o have_v a_o right_n to_o five_o acre_n in_o common_a out_o of_o which_o come_v very_o little_a profit_n at_o present_a and_o so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v in_o common_a no_o hope_n of_o improvement_n for_o the_o future_a and_o therefore_o i_o desire_v that_o the_o name_n of_o commons_o at_o least_o may_v be_v alter_v for_o its_o denomination_n be_v contrary_a to_o its_o nature_n a_o old_a cloud_n generate_v to_o darken_v all_o that_o have_v not_o a_o perspective_n to_o look_v beyond_o tradition_n by_o that_o little_a which_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v be_v easy_o discern_v that_o the_o present_a benefit_n by_o commons_o be_v not_o of_o such_o great_a worth_n as_o many_o man_n will_v blow_v they_o up_o unto_o and_o that_o which_o will_v come_v far_o short_a of_o the_o good_a which_o may_v redound_v unto_o the_o publique-wealth_n if_o enclose_v in_o that_o manner_n hereafter_o prescribe_v sect_n ii_o in_o which_o be_v set_v forth_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o commons_z commons_o in_o england_n be_v of_o divers_a nature_n as_o 1._o first_o common-field_n which_o usual_o be_v near_o and_o about_o town_n or_o village_n and_o ordinary_o keep_v in_o tillage_n 2._o the_o second_o sort_n of_o commons_o be_v those_o low_a ground_n of_o meadow_n or_o marsh_n that_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o river_n or_o brook_n which_o overflow_a they_o make_v they_o fruitful_a or_o otherwise_o of_o themselves_o be_v natural_o so_o 3._o a_o three_o sort_n of_o commons_o be_v those_o that_o be_v common_o call_v down_n and_o be_v chief_o for_o the_o keep_n of_o sheep_n be_v dry_a ground_n and_o not_o much_o cumber_v with_o bush_n furze_n fearn_n heath_n or_o moss_n 4._o the_o four_o sort_n be_v such_o as_o be_v apt_a for_o wood_n and_o be_v overrun_v with_o bush_n which_o be_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o breed_n of_o young_a cattle_n and_o horse_n 5._o a_o five_o sort_n be_v that_o which_o be_v overspread_n with_o furze_n heath_n and_o moss_n be_v such_o as_o most_o part_n of_o wales_n do_v abound_v with_o and_o on_o which_o be_v sheep_n and_o cattle_n of_o all_o sort_n breed_v 6._o the_o six_o sort_n be_v those_o of_o forest_n and_o chase_n in_o which_o be_v great_a store_n of_o red_a and_o fallow_a deer_n preserve_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n adjoin_v my_o endeavour_n herein_o shall_v be_v to_o show_v how_o each_o of_o these_o may_v be_v improve_v to_o each_o particular_a man_n interest_n and_o so_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o general_n i_o shall_v say_v but_o little_a to_o the_o three_o first_o of_o these_o but_o shall_v chief_o insist_v on_o the_o great_a improvement_n that_o may_v be_v make_v on_o the_o three_o last_o and_o my_o aim_n therein_o be_v plenty_n one_o mean_n of_o a_o flourish_a commonwealth_n and_o yet_o i_o will_v as_o much_o as_o possible_a preserve_v each_o man_n particular_a interest_n and_o that_o which_o i_o lay_v down_o for_o a_o ground_n whereon_o i_o mean_v to_o build_v and_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n unto_o throughout_o my_o discourse_n shall_v be_v these_o three_o general_n first_o the_o increase_n of_o those_o necessary_a commodity_n which_o our_o country_n do_v natural_o afford_v and_o that_o chief_o corn_n cattle_n and_o wood._n second_o the_o increase_n of_o manufactory_a and_o so_o consequent_o of_o trade_n the_o three_o be_v of_o strength_n and_o safety_n all_o which_o i_o doubt_v not_o will_v find_v acceptance_n with_o those_o who_o god_n by_o his_o wise_a providence_n have_v now_o place_v in_o authority_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n sect_n iii_o wherein_o the_o common-field_n near_o town_n and_o village_n be_v treat_v of_o for_o this_o first_o sort_n of_o commons_o there_o be_v very_o little_a loss_n to_o the_o public_a thereby_o the_o owner_n thereof_o be_v necessitate_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o tillage_n but_o yet_o if_o enclose_v i_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v consider_v if_o these_o benefit_n will_v not_o follow_v as_o first_o