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pure_o by_o the_o love_n of_o a_o wife_n and_o thus_o
this_o name_n of_o esquire_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v a_o name_n of_o charge_n and_o office_n only_o creep_v first_o in_o among_o the_o title_n of_o honour_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v find_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o gentleman_n gentleman_n gentleman_n be_v either_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o nobility_n who_o be_v descend_v of_o good_a family_n or_o those_o who_o by_o their_o virtue_n and_o fortune_n have_v make_v themselves_o eminent_a citizen_n citizen_n citizen_n or_o burgess_n be_v such_o as_o be_v in_o public_a office_n in_o any_o city_n or_o elect_v to_o sit_v in_o parliament_n the_o common_a people_n or_o yeoman_n be_v such_o as_o some_o call_n ingenui_fw-la the_o law_n homines_fw-la legales_fw-la i.e._n freeholder_n people_n yeomâ—_n gemâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d saxoâ—_n 〈◊〉_d common_a people_n those_o who_o can_v spend_v at_o least_o forty_o shilling_n of_o their_o own_o yearly_a labourer_n be_v such_o as_o labour_v for_o wage_n sit_v to_o their_o work_n 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he_o alone_o please_v now_o this_o court_n have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n and_o a_o inviolable_a authority_n in_o make_v confirm_a repeal_n and_o explain_v law_n reverse_v attainder_n determine_v cause_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a difficulty_n between_o private_a person_n and_o to_o be_v short_a in_o all_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o state_n in_o general_n or_o any_o particular_a subject_n â—â—urt_n â—he_v king_n â—â—urt_n the_o next_o court_n to_o this_o immediate_o after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n and_o for_o some_o time_n before_o be_v the_o king_n court_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o follow_v the_o king_n wherever_o he_o go_v for_o in_o the_o king_n palace_n there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a place_n for_o the_o chancellor_n and_o clerk_n who_o have_v the_o issue_v out_o of_o writ_n and_o the_o management_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o likewise_o for_o judge_n who_o have_v not_o only_a power_n to_o hear_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o 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derive_v that_o name_n from_o a_o table_n at_o which_o they_o sit_v for_o so_o gervasius_n tilburiensis_n write_v who_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 1160._o the_o exchequer_n be_v a_o square_a table_n about_o ten_o foot_n long_o and_o five_o broad_a contrive_v like_o a_o table_n to_o sit_v round_o on_o every_o side_n it_o have_v a_o ledge_n of_o four_o finger_n breadth_n upon_o it_o be_v spread_v a_o cloth_n of_o black_a colour_n with_o stripe_n distant_a about_o a_o foot_n or_o spanâ—_n it_o buy_v in_o easter_n term_n a_o little_a after_o this_o court_n 〈◊〉_d report_n have_v be_v from_o the_o very_a conquest_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o king_n william_n the_o design_n and_o model_n of_o it_o be_v take_v â—â—m_fw-la the_o exchequer_n beyond_o sea_n here_o all_o matter_n belongiâ—â—â—_n to_o the_o king_n revenue_n be_v decide_v the_o judge_n of_o it_o be_v the_o lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o chief_a baron_n and_o three_o or_o four_o other_o baron_n the_o officer_n of_o this_o court_n be_v the_o king_n remembrancer_n the_o treasurer_n remembrancer_n the_o clerk_n
of_o the_o pipe_n the_o comptroler_n of_o the_o pipe_n the_o five_o auditor_n of_o the_o old_a revenue_n the_o foreign_a opposer_n clerk_n of_o the_o estreat_v clerk_n of_o the_o plea_n the_o marshal_n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o summons_n the_o deputy-chamberlain_n two_o secondary_n in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n remembrancer_n two_o deputy_n in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o treasurer_n remembrancer_n two_o secondary_n of_o the_o pipe_n four_o the_o other_o clerk_n in_o several_a office_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o exchequer_n call_v recepta_fw-la call_v recepta_fw-la the_o receiving-office_n two_o chamberlain_n a_o vice-treasurer_n clerk_n of_o the_o tally_n clerk_n of_o the_o bell_n four_o teller_n two_o joiner_n of_o the_o tally_n two_o deputy-chamberlain_n the_o clerk_n for_o tally_n the_o keeper_n of_o the_o treasury_n four_o pursuivant_n ordinary_a two_o scribe_n etc._n etc._n the_o officer_n likewise_o of_o the_o ten_o and_o first-fruit_n belong_v to_o this_o court._n for_o when_o the_o pope_n authority_n be_v reject_v and_o a_o act_n pass_v that_o all_o tithe_n and_o first-fruit_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n these_o officer_n be_v institute_v beside_o these_o three_o royal_a court_n of_o judicature_n itinerant_a justice_n itinerant_a for_o the_o speedy_a execution_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o ease_v the_o subject_n of_o much_o labour_n and_o expense_n henry_n the_o second_o send_v some_o of_o these_o judge_n and_o other_o every_o year_n into_o each_o county_n who_o be_v call_v justice_n itinerant_a or_o justice_n in_o eyre_n these_o have_v jurisdiction_n as_o well_o in_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o in_o common_a cause_n within_o the_o county_n to_o which_o they_o be_v send_v for_o that_o king_n as_o matthew_z paris_z say_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o son_n and_o the_o bishop_n appoint_a justice_n over_o six_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o every_o part_n three_o who_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o do_v every_o man_n right_a and_o justice_n this_o institution_n expire_v at_o length_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n but_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n revive_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n soon_o after_o for_o the_o county_n be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o circuit_n two_o of_o the_o king_n justice_n be_v to_o go_v those_o circuit_n twice_o every_o year_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o prisoner_n and_o gaol-delivery_n hence_o in_o law-latin_a they_o be_v call_v justiciarii_fw-la gaolae_fw-la deliberandae_fw-la they_o be_v likewise_o to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n and_o some_o other_o from_o which_o they_o be_v call_v justice_n of_o assize_n and_o also_o to_o try_v all_o issue_n between_o party_n and_o party_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n be_v three_o great_a court_n by_o recognitor_n of_o the_o same_o peerage_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v hence_o they_o be_v call_v justice_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la from_o the_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n for_o these_o trial_n which_o have_v the_o word_n nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la in_o they_o the_o away_o the_o this_o court_n be_v since_o mr._n camden_n time_n take_v away_o star-chamber_n star-chamber_n the_o star-chamber_n or_o rather_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n council_n takes_z cognizance_n of_o all_o matter_n criminal_a perjury_n imposture_n cheat_n excess_n etc._n etc._n this_o court_n if_o we_o consider_v it_o in_o respect_n of_o stand_v and_o dignity_n be_v ancient_a and_o honourable_a above_o all_o other_o for_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o early_o as_o appeal_n from_o the_o subject_n to_o their_o sovereign_n and_o the_o very_a birth_n and_o rise_v of_o the_o king_n council_n the_o judge_n of_o it_o be_v man_n of_o the_o great_a honour_n and_o eminence_n be_v those_o of_o the_o king_n be_v privy_a council_n it_o have_v have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o star-chamber_n ever_o since_o this_o court_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n in_o westminster_n which_o have_v now_o be_v a_o long_a time_n set_v a_o part_n to_o that_o use_n for_o in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n we_o find_v conseil_n en_fw-fr le_fw-fr chambre_fw-fr des_fw-fr estoielles_fw-fr pres_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr receipt_n all_o westminster_n i.e._n the_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n near_o the_o receipt_n at_o westminster_n the_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n be_v enlarge_v and_o confirm_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n procure_v by_o that_o wise_a prince_n henry_n the_o seven_o so_o that_o some_o have_v false_o ascribe_v the_o institution_n of_o it_o to_o he_o the_o judge_n of_o this_o court_n be_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n the_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n and_o all_o those_o of_o the_o king_n council_n whether_o person_n spiritual_a or_o temporal_a also_o sâ—n_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o the_o king_n will_v appoint_v with_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n or_o two_o othâ—â—_n judge_n in_o their_o absence_n the_o officer_n be_v tâ—â—_n clerk_n of_o the_o council_n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o â—f_o the_o process_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n etc._n etc._n cause_n of_o tâ—â—s_a court_n be_v not_o try_v per_fw-la pares_fw-la according_a to_o the_o common-law_n but_o after_o the_o method_n of_o the_o civil-law_n ward_n th'court_n oâ—_n ward_n the_o court_n of_o away_o of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n be_v now_o take_v away_o ward_n and_o livery_n which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o minor_n who_o cause_n be_v here_o try_v be_v institute_v by_o henry_n the_o 8._o whereas_o before_o all_o business_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v determine_v in_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n for_o by_o a_o old_a custom_n derive_v from_o normandy_n and_o not_o as_o some_o write_v institute_v by_o henry_n the_o three_o when_o any_o one_o die_v hold_v land_n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n both_o the_o heir_n and_o the_o whole_a estate_n with_o the_o revenue_n of_o it_o be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n till_o he_o have_v complete_v the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o and_o then_o he_o may_v sue_v out_o his_o livery_n the_o judge_n in_o this_o court_n be_v the_o master-general_n under_o he_o a_o supervisor_n of_o the_o livery_n a_o attorney-general_n a_o receiver-general_n a_o auditor_n a_o clerk_n of_o the_o livery_n a_o clerk_n of_o the_o court_n forty_o feudary_n and_o a_o messenger_n in_o after-age_n be_v institue_v two_o other_o court_n for_o correct_v of_o error_n the_o one_o for_o those_o of_o the_o excheqeur_n the_o other_o for_o those_o of_o the_o king_n bench._n the_o judge_n of_o the_o first_o be_v the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o treasurer_n of_o england_n take_v such_o of_o the_o judge_n to_o their_o assistance_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a those_o of_o the_o latter_a be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n have_v jurisdiction_n in_o marine_a affair_n admiralty_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n and_o be_v administer_v by_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n his_o locumtenens_a his_o locumtenens_a lieutenant_n a_o judge_n two_o clerk_n a_o sergeant_n of_o the_o court_n and_o the_o vice-admirals_n now_o for_o the_o court_n of_o equity_n chancery_n the_o court_n of_o chancery_n the_o chancery_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chancellor_n a_o title_n of_o no_o great_a honour_n under_o the_o old_a roman_a emperor_n as_o may_v be_v learn_v from_o vopiscus_n at_o present_a it_o be_v a_o name_n of_o the_o great_a dignity_n and_o the_o chancellor_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o high_a honour_n in_o the_o state_n cassiodorus_n derive_v the_o word_n itself_o a_o cancellis_fw-la i.e._n rail_v or_o balister_n because_o they_o examine_v matter_n 11._o matter_n intra_fw-la sâ—creta_fw-la cancellorum_fw-la epist_n 6._o lib._n 11._o in_o a_o private_a apartment_n enclose_v with_o rail_n such_o as_o the_o latin_n call_v cancelli_fw-la consider_v say_v he_o by_o what_o name_n you_o be_v call_v what_o you_o do_v within_o the_o rail_n can_v be_v a_o secret_a your_o door_n be_v transparent_a your_o cloister_n lie_v open_a and_o your_o gate_n be_v all_o window_n hence_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o the_o chancellor_n sit_v expose_v to_o every_o one_o be_v within_o the_o rail_n or_o cancel_v so_o that_o his_o name_n seem_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o they_o now_o it_o be_v the_o business_n of_o that_o minister_n who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o mouth_n the_o eye_n and_o ear_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o strike_v or_o dash_v out_o with_o cross_a line_n cancellation_n line_n cancellation_n lattice-like_a such_o writ_n or_o judgement_n as_o be_v against_o law_n or_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o state_n not_o improper_o call_v cancel_v some_o think_v the_o word_n chancellor_n to_o be_v deduce_v from_o it_o and_o thus_o we_o find_v it_o in_o a_o
modern_a glossary_a a_o chancellor_n be_v he_o who_o office_n be_v to_o inspect_v the_o writing_n and_o answer_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o cancel_v those_o that_o be_v wrong_a and_o sign_n those_o that_o be_v right_a nor_o be_v that_o of_o polidore_n virgil_n true_a namely_o that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n institute_v a_o college_n of_o scribe_n to_o write_v letters-patent_n and_o name_v the_o head_n of_o that_o society_n a_o chancellor_z for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o chancellor_n be_v in_o england_n before_o the_o conquest_n how_o great_a the_o honour_n and_o authority_n of_o chancellor_n be_v at_o this_o day_n be_v so_o very_o well_o know_v that_o i_o need_v not_o enlarge_v upon_o it_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o subjoin_v a_o word_n or_o two_o from_o a_o old_a author_n to_o show_v of_o what_o note_v it_o be_v former_o 2._o robert_n fi_n z-stephens_n who_o live_v under_o hen._n 2._o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n be_v this_o he_o be_v repute_v the_o second_o person_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o next_o unto_o the_o king_n with_o the_o king_n seal_n whereof_o he_o have_v the_o keep_n he_o may_v seal_v his_o own_o injunction_n to_o dispose_v of_o the_o king_n chapel_n as_o he_o please_v to_o receive_v and_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o all_o archbishopric_n bishopric_n abbey_n and_o barony_n vacant_a and_o fall_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o king_n counsel_n and_o repair_v thither_o without_o summons_n to_o seal_v all_o thing_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o clerk_n who_o carry_v the_o king_n seal_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v of_o by_o his_o advice_n also_o uâ—â—uâ—â—â—_n also_o ut_fw-la jâ—â—â—_n gaâ—â—â—â—_n eâ—_n per_fw-la 〈◊〉_d graâ—â—â—â—_n vita_fw-la â—â—ritis_fw-la â—morâ—â—â—â—_n nisi_fw-la â—chiâ—â—â—_n scepâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d uâ—â—uâ—â—â—_n that_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n lead_v a_o just_a and_o upright_a life_n he_o may_v if_o he_o will_v himself_o die_v archbishop_n whereupon_o it_o it_o be_v that_o the_o chancellorship_n be_v not_o to_o be_v buy_v the_o manner_n of_o create_v a_o chancellor_n for_o that_o i_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o be_v time_n be_v by_o hang_v the_o great_a seal_n about_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o person_n choose_v for_o that_o office_n yet_o in_o henry_n the_o sixth_n reign_n the_o method_n be_v thus_o mâ—â—_n guâ—â—_n mâ—â—_n as_o it_o appear_v from_o the_o record_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o three_o great_a seal_n one_o of_o gold_n and_o the_o other_o two_o of_o silver_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o chancellor_n be_v immediate_o after_o his_o decease_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o wooden_a chest_n fast_o lock_v and_o seal_v by_o the_o lord_n there_o present_a and_o so_o convey_v into_o the_o treasury_n from_o thence_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n who_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n deliver_v the_o same_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v the_o succeed_a chancellor_n and_o undertake_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o office_n have_v first_o take_v a_o oath_n before_o he_o that_o he_o will_v due_o administer_v the_o same_o first_o then_o he_o deliver_v up_o the_o great_a silver_n seal_v next_o that_o of_o gold_n and_o last_o the_o other_o of_o silver_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o great_a number_n of_o the_o nobility_n after_o he_o have_v thus_o receive_v they_o he_o put_v they_o into_o the_o chest_n again_o and_o so_o send_v they_o seal_v home_o where_o before_o certain_a of_o the_o nobility_n he_o cause_v the_o king_n writ_n and_o brief_n to_o be_v seal_v with_o they_o when_o a_o chancellor_n be_v displace_v he_o deliver_v up_o those_o three_o seal_n into_o the_o king_n hand_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n first_o the_o seal_n of_o gold_n than_o the_o broad_a seal_n of_o silver_n and_o next_o the_o other_o of_o a_o less_o size_n at_o this_o day_n only_o one_o seal_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o chancellor_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o mention_n to_o be_v find_v of_o these_o three_o seal_n but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o in_o process_n of_o time_n much_o honour_n and_o authority_n be_v add_v to_o this_o office_n of_o chancellor_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n especial_o since_o so_o much_o niceness_n and_o subtlety_n have_v creep_v in_o among_o the_o lawyer_n who_o have_v make_v their_o plead_n so_o difficult_a and_o ensnare_a that_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n be_v find_v necessary_a which_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o chancellor_n that_o he_o may_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a and_o equity_n and_o moderate_v the_o rigour_n of_o exact_a justice_n which_o be_v often_o downright_a injustice_n and_o oppression_n there_o preside_v in_o this_o court_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n and_o twelve_o master_n of_o chancery_n as_o assessor_n to_o he_o the_o chief_a where_o of_o be_v the_o keeper_n of_o the_o roll_n belong_v to_o that_o court_n and_o thence_o call_v magister_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la or_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n there_o be_v also_o many_o other_o officer_n belong_v to_o this_o court_n some_o of_o they_o concern_v about_o the_o king_n seal_n namely_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o hamper_n a_o sealer_n a_o chauff-wax_n a_o comptroller_n of_o the_o hamper_n twenty_o four_o cursitor_n and_o a_o clerk_n for_o the_o sub-poena-writ_n other_o concern_v in_o the_o bill_n there_o exhibit_v be_v a_o prothonotary_n the_o six_o clerk_n or_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n and_o a_o register_n there_o be_v also_o the_o three_o clerk_n of_o the_o petit_fw-fr bag_n a_o clerk_n of_o the_o presentation_n a_o clerk_n of_o the_o faculty_n a_o clerk_n for_o examine_v letters-patent_n a_o clerk_n for_o dimission_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v another_o court_n also_o arise_v from_o the_o king_n be_v privy_a council_n call_v the_o court_n of_o request_n request_n the_o câ—â—_n of_o request_n from_o the_o address_n of_o petitioner_n deliver_v there_o where_o private_a cause_n be_v hear_v as_o in_o chancery_n if_o first_o present_v to_o the_o king_n or_o his_o privy_a council_n though_o sometime_o otherwise_o in_o this_o court_n business_n be_v manage_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o request_n and_o a_o clerk_n or_o register_n with_o two_o or_o three_o attorney_n as_o for_o those_o council_n hold_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n and_o in_o the_o north_n i_o will_v treat_v of_o they_o god_n willing_a in_o another_o place_n the_o chief_a spiritual_a court_n coâ—â—â—_n spiâ—â—â—â—_n coâ—â—â—_n be_v the_o synod_n which_o be_v call_v the_o convocation_n and_o be_v always_o hold_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o a_o parliament_n be_v and_o the_o provincial_a synod_n in_o both_o province_n after_o these_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o achbishop_n of_o canterbury_n namely_o the_o court_n of_o arch_n aâ—â—â—â—_n the_o câ—â—â—_n of_o aâ—â—â—â—_n the_o judge_n of_o which_o be_v the_o dean_n of_o the_o hol._n the_o he_o be_v call_v dean_n for_o that_o he_o have_v jurisdiction_n in_o 13_o parish_n of_o london_n exempt_v from_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n which_o number_n make_v a_o deanerie_n hol._n arch_n so_o call_v from_o st._n mary_n church_n in_o london_n famous_a for_o its_o arch_a steeple_n all_o appeal_v within_o the_o province_n of_o canterbury_n be_v make_v to_o he_o there_o be_v in_o this_o court_n 16_o advocate_n or_o more_o as_o the_o archbishop_n shall_v think_v fit_a all_o of_o they_o doctor_n of_o law_n two_o register_n and_o ten_o proctor_n â—udiâ—_n court_n â—udiâ—_n the_o court_n of_o audience_n where_o all_o complaint_n cause_n and_o appeal_v in_o this_o province_n be_v receive_v â—eroâ—e_n court_n â—eroâ—e_n the_o court_n of_o prerogative_n where_o the_o commissary_n judge_n of_o inheritance_n whether_o descend_v without_o will_n or_o devise_v the_o court_n of_o faculty_n manage_v by_o a_o â—fâ—ctus_fw-la a_o câ—urt_n â—culâ—_n â—fâ—ctus_fw-la precedent_n who_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o grievance_n represent_v to_o he_o by_o such_o as_o desire_v that_o the_o rigour_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o canon-law_n may_v be_v moderate_v and_o a_o register_n to_o record_v such_o dispensation_n as_o be_v grant_v â—eculâ—â—_n court_n â—eculâ—â—_n the_o court_n of_o peculiar_o which_o have_v jurisdiction_n in_o certain_a parish_n exempt_a from_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n where_o they_o lie_v and_o those_o peculiar_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o archbishop_n with_o other_o thing_n of_o less_o note_n i_o willing_o omit_v for_o i_o must_v confess_v it_o be_v imprudent_a in_o i_o to_o dip_v at_o all_o in_o a_o subject_n of_o this_o nature_n however_o guicciardin_n encourage_v i_o to_o it_o by_o his_o example_n in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o netherlands_o i_o intend_v here_o to_o have_v insert_v some_o few_o thing_n and_o those_o chief_o concern_v the_o antiquity_n
isabel_n and_o delaley_n and_o other_o large_a possession_n which_o by_o the_o outlawry_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o arundel_n be_v then_o forfeit_v to_o the_o crown_n richard_n himself_o be_v style_v princeps_fw-la cestriae_fw-la prince_n of_o chester_n but_o this_o title_n be_v but_o of_o small_a duration_n no_o long_o than_o till_o henry_n the_o four_o repeal_v the_o law_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n for_o than_o it_o become_v a_o county_n palatine_n again_o and_o retain_v that_o prerogative_n to_o this_o day_n which_o be_v administer_v by_o a_o chamberlain_n palatine_n chamberlain_n who_o have_v all_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o chancellor_n within_o the_o say_a county_n palatine_n a_o judge_n special_a county_n special_a for_o matter_n in_o common-plees_a and_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o say_a county_n two_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n three_o sergeant_n at_o law_n a_o sheriff_n a_o attorney_n a_o escheator_n misinform_v escheator_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o say_a county_n for_o the_o enjoy_n of_o their_o liberty_n be_v to_o pay_v at_o the_o change_n of_o every_o owner_n of_o the_o say_a earldom_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n about_o 3000_o mark_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o mize_n as_o the_o county_n of_o flint_n be_v a_o parcel_n thereof_o about_o 2000_o mark_n if_o i_o have_v not_o be_v misinform_v etc._n etc._n we_o have_v now_o survey_v the_o country_n of_o the_o cornavii_n who_o together_o with_o the_o coritani_n dobuni_n and_o catuellani_n make_v one_o entire_a kingdom_n in_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n then_o call_v by_o they_o myrcna-ric_a and_o mearclond_n but_o render_v by_o the_o latin_n meâ—cia_n from_o a_o saxon_a word_n mearc_n which_o signify_v limit_n for_o the_o other_o kingdom_n border_v upon_o this_o this_o be_v by_o far_o the_o large_a kingdom_n of_o they_o all_o begin_v by_o crida_n the_o saxon_a about_o the_o year_n 586._o and_o enlarge_v on_o all_o hand_n by_o penda_n and_o a_o littlâ—_n after_o under_o peada_n convert_v to_o christianity_n but_o after_o a_o duration_n of_o 250_o year_n it_o be_v too_o late_o subject_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a when_o it_o have_v long_o endure_v all_o the_o outrage_n and_o misery_n that_o the_o danish_a war_n can_v inflict_v upon_o it_o this_o county_n have_v about_o 68_o parish_n addition_n to_o cheshire_n as_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n exceed_v most_o other_o in_o the_o antiquity_n and_o royalty_n of_o its_o jurisdiction_n and_o multitude_n of_o its_o ancient_a gentry_n so_o the_o famous_a colony_n settle_v in_o it_o under_o the_o roman_a government_n have_v render_v it_o very_o considerable_a for_o antiquity_n nor_o have_v that_o subject_n want_v a_o due_a examination_n or_o the_o remain_v of_o antiquity_n lie_v so_o long_o undiscovered_a if_o most_o of_o its_o historian_n have_v not_o be_v lead_v away_o with_o a_o chain_n of_o groundless_a story_n and_o extravagant_a conjecture_n it_o be_v true_a sir_n peter_n leicester_n have_v make_v due_a search_n into_o the_o record_n relate_v to_o this_o county_n especial_o to_o bucklow-hundred_n and_o report_v they_o with_o great_a exactness_n and_o fidelity_n but_o the_o roman_a affair_n he_o have_v leave_v so_o entire_o untouched_a that_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o either_o industrious_o decline_v they_o as_o foreign_a to_o his_o business_n or_o want_v experience_n to_o carry_v he_o through_o that_o part_n of_o history_n in_o like_a manner_n sir_n john_n doderidge_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n in_o his_o treatise_n concern_v this_o county_n have_v exact_o state_v the_o ancient_a and_o present_a revenue_n thereof_o but_o be_v not_o so_o diligent_a in_o his_o inquiry_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o the_o county_n palatine_n as_o may_v from_o a_o man_n of_o his_o profession_n have_v be_v reasonable_o expect_v however_o his_o defect_n in_o this_o point_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n supply_v by_o what_o the_o learned_a mr._n harrington_n have_v leave_v upon_o that_o subject_n a_o gentleman_n by_o who_o death_n learn_v in_o general_n and_o particular_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o county_n which_o he_o have_v design_v to_o illustrate_v and_o improve_v have_v suffer_v very_o much_o asleep_o to_o begin_v then_o with_o mr._n camden_n who_o first_o observe_v that_o this_o be_v a_o county_n palatine_n palatine_n county_n palatine_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a our_o notice_n that_o it_o have_v this_o additional_a title_n upon_o the_o come_n over_o of_o the_o norman_n at_o first_o indeed_o william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v this_o province_n to_o gherbord_o a_o nobleman_n of_o flanders_n who_o have_v only_o the_o same_o title_n and_o power_n as_o the_o officiary_a earl_n among_o the_o saxon_n have_v enjoy_v the_o inheritance_n the_o earldom_n and_o grandeur_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v not_o yet_o settle_v afterward_o hugh_n lupus_n son_n of_o the_o viscount_n of_o auranche_n a_o nephew_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o his_o sister_n receive_v this_o earldom_n from_o the_o conqueror_n under_o the_o great_a and_o most_o honourable_a tenure_n that_o ever_o be_v grant_v to_o a_o subject_a totum_fw-la hunc_fw-la dedit_fw-la comitatum_fw-la tenendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ita_fw-la liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliae_fw-la coronam_fw-la the_o vast_a extent_n of_o the_o power_n convey_v in_o this_o grant_n carry_v in_o they_o palatine_a jurisdiction_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o neither_o hugh_n lupus_n nor_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n be_v in_o the_o grant_v itself_o or_o any_o ancient_a record_n style_v comites_fw-la palatini_n as_o to_o the_o original_n of_o palatinate_n in_o general_a it_o be_v clear_a that_o ancient_o in_o the_o decline_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o name_n import_v be_v only_a officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n the_o term_n in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v restrain_v to_o those_o who_o have_v the_o final_a determination_n of_o cause_n under_o the_o king_n or_o emperor_n and_o those_o that_o exercis_o do_v this_o sovereignty_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o any_o precinct_n or_o province_n be_v call_v comites_fw-la palatini_n and_o the_o place_n where_o the_o jurisdiction_n be_v use_v palatinatus_n a_o palatinate_n instance_n of_o such_o personal_a office_n in_o the_o court_n we_o may_v still_o observe_v in_o the_o palatine_a of_o hungary_n and_o example_n of_o such_o local_a authority_n we_o have_v in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o the_o rhine_n durham_n and_o lancaster_n whether_o therefore_o the_o ancient_a palatine_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la the_o curopalatae_n the_o grand_a mistress_n in_o france_n or_o the_o ancient_a chief_a justice_n in_o england_n we_o need_v not_o dispute_v since_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o comites_fw-la palatini_n as_o all_o new-erected_n officer_n title_n retain_v many_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o ancient_a but_o still_o have_v many_o character_n of_o difference_n as_o well_o as_o some_o of_o resemblance_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o grant_n chester_n enjoy_v all_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n within_o its_o own_o precinct_n and_o that_o in_o so_o high_a a_o degree_n that_o the_o ancient_a earl_n have_v parliament_n consist_v of_o their_o own_o baron_n and_o tenant_n and_o be_v not_o oblige_v by_o the_o english_a act_n of_o parliament_n these_o high_a and_o unaccountable_a jurisdiction_n be_v think_v necessary_a upon_o the_o march_n and_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o invest_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n with_o dictatorial_n power_n and_o enable_v they_o more_o effectual_o to_o subdue_v the_o common_a enemy_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o when_o the_o same_o power_n that_o be_v former_o a_o good_a bar_n against_o invader_n grow_v formidable_a to_o the_o king_n themselves_o henry_n 8._o restrain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o palatinate_v and_o make_v they_o not_o only_o subordinate_a to_o but_o dependent_a on_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o yet_o after_o that_o restrain_v statute_n all_o plea_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n all_o contract_n arise_v within_o this_o county_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v judicial_o hear_v and_o determine_v within_o this_o shire_n and_o not_o elsewhere_o and_o if_o any_o determination_n be_v make_v out_o of_o it_o it_o be_v void_a and_o coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la except_o in_o case_n of_o error_n foreign-plea_n and_o foreign_a voucher_n and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o crime_n but_o treason_n that_o can_v draw_v a_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o county_n to_o a_o trial_n elsewhere_o this_o jurisdiction_n though_o hold_v now_o in_o other_o county_n be_v most_o ancient_o claim_v and_o enjoy_v by_o this_o county_n of_o chester_n the_o palatinate_n of_o lancaster_n which_o be_v the_o favourite-province_n of_o the_o king_n of_o that_o house_n be_v erect_v under_o edw._n 1._o and_o grant_v by_o he_o to_o henry_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o even_o in_o the_o act_n of_o
parliament_n parliament_n the_o parliament_n by_o the_o same_o name_n as_o it_o be_v in_o england_n and_o have_v the_o same_o absolute_a authority_n it_o consist_v of_o three_o state_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a that_o be_v the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n of_o the_o lord_n temporal_a viz._n duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n and_o baron_n and_o the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o city_n and_o burough_n to_o who_o be_v join_v not_o long_o since_o for_o every_o county_n also_o two_o delegati_fw-la two_o delegati_fw-la commissioner_n it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o king_n at_o pleasure_n allow_v a_o certain_a time_n for_o notice_n before_o it_o be_v to_o sit_v when_o they_o be_v convene_v and_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o chancellor_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a retire_v apart_o and_o choose_v eight_o of_o the_o lord_n temporal_a the_o lord_n temporal_a likewise_o as_o many_o out_o of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a then_o all_o these_o together_o nominate_v eight_o of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o as_o many_o of_o the_o burgess_n which_o all_o together_o make_v 32._o and_o be_v call_v lord_n of_o the_o article_n and_o with_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n privy-seal_n the_o king_n secretary_n etc._n etc._n admit_v or_o reject_v all_o matter_n that_o be_v propose_v to_o the_o state_n after_o they_o have_v be_v first_o communicate_v to_o the_o king_n after_o they_o be_v approve_v by_o the_o whole_a assembly_n of_o the_o state_n they_o be_v thorough_o examine_v and_o such_o as_o pass_v by_o a_o majority_n of_o vote_n be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n who_o by_o touch_v they_o with_o his_o sceptre_n signify_v the_o confirm_v or_o vacate_v of_o they_o but_o if_o the_o king_n dislike_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v first_o raze_v out_o next_o to_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o college_n of_o justice_n justice_n the_o college_n of_o justice_n or_o as_o they_o call_v it_o the_o session_n which_o king_n james_n 5._o institute_v an._n 1532._o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o parliament_n at_o paris_n consist_v of_o a_o precedent_n fourteen_o senator_n seven_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o as_o many_o of_o the_o laity_n to_o who_o be_v afterward_o add_v the_o chancellor_n who_o take_v place_n first_o and_o five_o other_o senator_n three_o principal_a clerk_n and_o as_o many_o advocate_n as_o the_o senator_n shall_v think_v convenient_a these_o be_v to_o administer_v justice_n not_o according_a to_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n but_o with_o reason_n and_o equity_n every_o day_n except_o sunday_n and_o monday_n from_o the_o first_o of_o november_n to_o the_o fifteen_o of_o march_n and_o from_o trinity_n sunday_n to_o the_o first_o of_o august_n all_o the_o space_n between_o as_o be_v the_o time_n of_o sow_v and_o harvest_n be_v vacation_n and_o intermission_n from_o suit_n and_o matter_n of_o law_n they_o give_v judgement_n according_a to_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o where_o they_o be_v defective_a according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o every_o county_n inferior_a civil_a court_n wherein_o the_o sheriff_n or_o his_o deputy_n decide_v controversy_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n about_o ejection_n intrusion_n damage_n debt_n etc._n etc._n from_o who_o upon_o suspicion_n of_o partiality_n or_o alliance_n they_o appeal_v sometime_o to_o the_o session_n these_o sheriff_n be_v all_o for_o the_o most_o part_n hereditary_a for_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n as_o well_o as_o of_o england_n to_o oblige_v the_o better_a sort_n of_o gentleman_n more_o close_o to_o they_o by_o their_o favour_n in_o old_a time_n make_v these_o sheriff_n hereditary_a and_o perpetual_a but_o the_o english_a king_n soon_o perceive_v the_o inconvenience_n happen_v thereupon_o purposely_o change_v they_o into_o annual_a there_o be_v civil_a court_n hold_v also_o in_o the_o fief_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o their_o respective_a bailiff_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v gracious_o grant_v royal_a privilege_n as_o also_o in_o free_a borough_n and_o city_n by_o their_o magistrate_n there_o be_v likewise_o court_v call_v the_o commissariat_fw-la the_o high_a of_o which_o be_v keep_v at_o edinburgh_n wherein_o before_o four_o judge_n action_n be_v plead_v concern_v matter_n relate_v to_o will_n the_o right_a of_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n tithe_n divorce_n etc._n etc._n and_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n of_o like_a nature_n but_o in_o almost_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o sit_v but_o one_o judge_n on_o these_o cause_n in_o criminal_a cause_n the_o king_n be_v chief_a justice_n hold_v his_o court_n general_o at_o edinburgh_n which_o office_n have_v for_o some_o time_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o argyle_n who_o depute_v two_o or_o three_o counsellor_n to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o action_n of_o life_n and_o death_n loss_n of_o limb_n or_o of_o good_n and_o chattel_n in_o this_o court_n likewise_o the_o defendant_n be_v permit_v even_o in_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n to_o retain_v a_o advocate_n to_o plead_v for_o he_o moreover_o in_o criminal_a matter_n justice_n be_v sometime_o appoint_v by_o the_o king_n commission_n for_o decide_v this_o or_o that_o particular_a cause_n also_o the_o sheriff_n in_o their_o territory_n and_o magistrate_n in_o some_o borough_n may_v sit_v in_o judgement_n of_o manslaughter_n in_o case_n the_o manslayer_n be_v apprehend_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 24_o hour_n and_o have_v find_v he_o guilty_a by_o a_o jury_n may_v put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o if_o that_o time_n be_v once_o overpast_v the_o cause_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o king_n justice_n or_o his_o deputy_n the_o same_o privilege_n also_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n enjoy_v against_o thief_n take_v within_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n there_o be_v likewise_o who_o have_v such_o royalty_n that_o in_o criminal_a cause_n they_o may_v exercise_v a_o jurisdiction_n within_o their_o own_o limit_n and_o in_o some_o case_n recall_v those_o that_o dwell_v within_o their_o own_o liberty_n from_o the_o king_n justice_n provide_v they_o judge_v according_a to_o law_n these_o matter_n as_o have_v have_v but_o a_o transient_a view_n of_o they_o i_o have_v light_o touch_v upon_o what_o manner_n of_o country_n scotland_n be_v and_o what_o man_n it_o breed_v mela._n pomponius_n mela._n as_o of_o old_a that_o excellent_a geographer_n write_v of_o britain_n will_v in_o a_o little_a time_n more_o certain_o and_o evident_o be_v show_v since_o the_o great_a of_o prince_n have_v open_v a_o passage_n to_o it_o which_o be_v so_o long_o shut_v up_o in_o the_o interim_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o place_n which_o be_v a_o subject_n i_o be_o more_o immediate_o concern_v in_o gadeni_n or_o ladeni_n upon_o the_o ottadini_n or_o northumberland_n border_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d gadeni_n who_o by_o the_o turn_n of_o one_o letter_n upside_o down_o be_v call_v in_o some_o copy_n of_o ptolemy_n ladeni_n seat_v in_o that_o 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natural_a situation_n and_o towered_a fortification_n
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here_o a_o old_a custom_n concern_v debt_n which_o be_v now_o abolish_v when_o the_o debtor_n die_v debt_n a_o antrenâ—_n custom_n foâ—_n the_o recovery_n of_o debt_n and_o be_v bury_v and_o there_o remain_v no_o write_n to_o prove_v the_o debt_n the_o creditor_n come_v to_o the_o grave_a of_o the_o decease_a and_o lay_v himself_o all_o along_o with_o his_o back_n upon_o the_o grave_n with_o his_o face_n towards_o heaven_n and_o a_o bible_n on_o his_o breast_n and_o there_o he_o protest_v before_o god_n that_o be_v above_o he_o and_o by_o the_o content_n of_o the_o bible_n on_o his_o breast_n that_o the_o decease_a there_o bury_v under_o he_o do_v owe_v he_o so_o much_o money_n and_o then_o the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v he_o but_o in_o the_o year_n 1609_o this_o custom_n be_v abolish_v and_o such_o controversy_n order_v to_o be_v try_v according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o law_n by_o witness_n or_o otherwise_o in_o this_o island_n there_o be_v several_a of_o those_o round_a hill_n isâ—_n the_o manner_n of_o urn_n fouâ—_n in_o this_o isâ—_n which_o in_o the_o plain_n of_o wiltshire_n be_v very_o frequent_a and_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n term_v barrowes_n in_o the_o midland_n part_n of_o england_n they_o be_v call_v allows_v and_o be_v common_o hold_v to_o be_v place_n of_o sepulture_n 1â—_n sepulture_n descr_n the_o isle_n oâ—_n man_n p_o 1â—_n mr._n james_n chaloner_n during_o his_o abode_n in_o the_o isle_n cause_v one_o of_o these_o to_o be_v open_v in_o which_o be_v find_v 14_o rot_a urn_n or_o earthen_a pot_n place_v with_o their_o mouth_n downward_o and_o one_o more_o neat_o than_o the_o rest_n in_o a_o bed_n of_o fine_a white_a sand_n contain_v nothing_o but_o a_o few_o brittle_a bone_n as_o have_v pass_v the_o fire_n but_o no_o ash_n leave_v discernible_a some_o of_o these_o be_v environ_v with_o great_a stone_n pitch_v end-way_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o some_o of_o the_o urn_n find_v enclose_v in_o coffin_n of_o stone_n one_o coffin_n contain_v divers_a of_o they_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n have_v ever_o since_o its_o first_o plantation_n man._n the_o lorâ—_n of_o man._n be_v repute_v a_o monarchical_a state_n and_o whoever_o be_v of_o right_a lord_n of_o it_o may_v not_o only_o use_v the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o may_v cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v with_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n 546._o gold_n walsiâ—â—_n hypodigm_n neustriâ—_n p._n 546._o though_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o in_o their_o first_o and_o original_a installation_n they_o make_v use_v of_o a_o crown_n of_o iron_n as_o have_v be_v heretofore_o do_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_z as_o charles_n the_o four_o emperor_n of_o germany_n be_v crown_v at_o milan_n an._n 1334._o the_o king_n of_o man_n have_v now_o of_o a_o long_a time_n wave_v their_o title_n of_o king_n and_o instead_o thereof_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n but_o they_o still_o retain_v almost_o all_o the_o jura_n regalia_z they_o enjoy_v heretofore_o they_o have_v still_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n to_o banish_v or_o condemn_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n to_o raise_v man_n and_o money_n to_o place_n or_o displace_v any_o officer_n in_o the_o island_n at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o all_o fine_n and_o forfeiture_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n felony_n and_o felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la do_v belong_v to_o they_o the_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o a_o king_n and_o lord_n of_o man_n be_v that_o the_o king_n be_v crown_v whereas_o the_o lord_n now_o be_v only_o public_o proclaim_v and_o install_v the_o king_n create_v baron_n make_v knight_n and_o esquire_n but_o the_o lord_n never_o confer_v any_o title_n of_o honour_n the_o king_n of_o man_n in_o old_a time_n according_a to_o the_o mank_n tradition_n claim_v the_o whole_a island_n and_o all_o the_o revenue_n thereof_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v no_o right_n to_o any_o inheritance_n in_o the_o island_n but_o be_v only_a tenant_n at_o will_n and_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o certain_a duty_n and_o and_o service_n and_o this_o tenure_n they_o call_v the_o hold_v by_o the_o straw_n which_o be_v first_o change_v into_o lease_n for_o three_o life_n during_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n thereby_o to_o augment_v the_o lord_n revenue_n the_o tenant_n be_v then_o oblige_v to_o pay_v yearly_o a_o quitrent_a and_o a_o fine_a at_o renew_v the_o king_n of_o this_o island_n have_v at_o different_a time_n be_v tributary_n both_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o norway_n and_o be_v oblige_v in_o token_n of_o their_o subjection_n to_o these_o state_n to_o pay_v a_o certain_a homage_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o any_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o these_o kingdom_n they_o have_v make_v many_o war_n in_o attempt_n to_o enlarge_v their_o dominion_n beyond_o the_o confine_n of_o this_o little_a island_n not_o only_o in_o venedotia_n against_o the_o king_n of_o north-wales_n especial_o in_o anglesey_n but_o also_o in_o ireland_n where_o godred_a â—147_n cron._n of_o man._n an._n â—147_n son_n to_o olave_n king_n of_o man_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o dublin_n and_o subdue_v a_o great_a part_n of_o leinster_n but_o leave_v it_o not_o to_o his_o successor_n likewise_o for_o some_o year_n by_o the_o favour_n and_o aid_n of_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n they_o have_v under_o their_o subjection_n some_o if_o not_o all_o the_o island_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o scotland_n 293._o hollinsh_fw-mi â—_o 293._o which_o be_v call_v hebrides_n and_o upon_o this_o account_n style_v themselves_o king_n of_o man_n and_o of_o the_o island_n but_o alexander_n king_n of_o scotland_n an._n 1266._o not_o only_o recover_v these_o island_n but_o reduce_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n itself_o to_o his_o subjection_n and_o place_v
removal_n of_o his_o body_n from_o wereham_n to_o a_o more_o honourable_a place_n shaftesbury_n and_o the_o murderess_n repent_v of_o that_o wicked_a action_n spend_v the_o rest_n of_o her_o day_n in_o grief_n and_o severe_a penance_n who_o that_o heremod_a on_o the_o reverse_n be_v we_o know_v not_o the_o thirty_o five_o be_v of_o aethelred_n son_n of_o edgar_n by_o alfritha_n the_o only_a weak_a and_o slothful_a prince_n of_o all_o the_o line_n of_o king_n egbert_n endeavour_v to_o govern_v his_o kingdom_n not_o by_o true_a justice_n and_o valour_n as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v but_o by_o trick_n and_o as_o they_o call_v it_o policy_n first_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o the_o dane_n to_o renew_v their_o invasion_n and_o then_o negligent_o or_o unfortunate_o oppose_v they_o he_o bring_v the_o kingdom_n into_o great_a poverty_n and_o calamity_n and_o afterward_o into_o subjection_n unto_o those_o ancient_a enemy_n and_o robber_n of_o the_o country_n by_o his_o laziness_n lose_v all_o that_o his_o forefather_n by_o their_o industry_n have_v acquire_v as_o historian_n say_v st._n dunstan_n foretell_v of_o he_o at_o his_o baptism_n egbert_n begin_v the_o advancement_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reduce_v it_o into_o one_o monarchy_n his_o successor_n valiant_o defend_v and_o settle_a and_o augment_v it_o by_o subdue_a the_o dane_n and_o all_o other_o enemy_n edgar_z enjoy_v it_o in_o full_a peace_n prosperity_n and_o glory_n and_o his_o son_n this_o aethelred_n suffer_v it_o to_o run_v down_o again_o into_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o ever_o it_o be_v and_o indeed_o it_o will_v be_v strange_a to_o imagine_v so_o great_a a_o change_n in_o one_o man_n time_n do_v it_o not_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o ruin_n leave_v unpractised_a in_o his_o long_a reign_n his_o own_o negligence_n cowardice_n want_v of_o intelligence_n unskilfulness_n in_o war_n the_o great_a faction_n enmity_n and_o treason_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o particular_n whereof_o have_v fill_v the_o tedious_a relation_n of_o our_o historian_n saxon_a coin_n tab_n vii_o all_o the_o first_o ten_o be_v of_o cnut_n call_v the_o great_a the_o first_o danish_n king_n of_o england_n there_o be_v very_o many_o of_o his_o coin_n extant_a i_o have_v only_o describe_v those_o wherein_n be_v some_o notable_a variety_n though_o swain_n his_o father_n make_v divers_a conquest_n and_o several_a country_n as_o well_o as_o person_n prefer_v his_o activeness_n before_o aethelred_n sloth_n not_o regard_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o cause_n submit_v to_o he_o and_o pay_v large_o for_o his_o protection_n yet_o be_v he_o never_o king_n nor_o assume_v he_o or_o his_o son_n the_o title_n till_o edmund_n ironside_n consent_v by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o a_o traitor_n to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n with_o he_o the_o vile_a but_o potent_a edric_n think_v that_o more_o be_v to_o be_v get_v by_o shore_v up_o a_o new_a active_a usurper_n than_o adhere_v to_o the_o just_a cause_n of_o his_o true_a and_o royal_a sovereign_n nor_o be_v cnut_n unmindful_a of_o he_o but_o according_a to_o his_o promise_n advance_v he_o above_o all_o the_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n and_o expose_v it_o upon_o a_o high_a pole_n among_o all_o these_o figure_n of_o cnut_n only_o one_o the_o seven_o be_v with_o a_o crown_n and_o that_o a_o open_a one_o contrary_a to_o that_o of_o the_o english_a king_n before_o he_o and_o adorn_v with_o lily_n which_o will_v make_v i_o suspect_v that_o coin_n to_o be_v counterfeit_a be_v it_o not_o that_o our_o historian_n say_v that_o when_o he_o be_v young_a he_o wear_v his_o crown_n at_o the_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o nobility_n so_o many_o time_n in_o the_o year_n as_o be_v the_o custom_n both_o here_o in_o france_n germany_n and_o i_o think_v with_o all_o european_a prince_n in_o those_o time_n but_o one_o time_n be_v mighty_o flatter_v by_o his_o courtier_n he_o chance_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o sea-bank_n 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as_o fig._n 6._o other_o time_n a_o cap_n as_o fig._n 5._o sometime_o a_o triangular_a cover_n use_v after_o he_o by_o andronicus_n the_o eastern_a emperor_n and_o by_o st._n edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o reverse_n of_o the_o first_o be_v farthein_n monet_n eoforwic_n i.e._n york_n of_o the_o second_o sunolf_n of_o the_o three_o crinam_n the_o four_o be_v wulnoth_n all_o coin_v at_o york_n the_o five_o be_v leodmer_n and_o seem_v coin_v at_o raculf-minster_n now_o reculver_n the_o six_o have_v luffwine_n at_o dover_n the_o seven_o have_v wulfric_n on_o lunden_n the_o eight_o be_v selwi_n at_o theoford_n the_o nine_o be_v outhgrim_n at_o york_n the_o ten_o be_v cnut_n age_v with_o a_o diadem_n about_o his_o head_n the_o reverse_n be_v nodwin_n moneta_n the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n i_o can_v read_v in_o his_o young_a year_n he_o spare_v no_o labour_n nor_o any_o art_n just_a or_o unjust_a oppression_n or_o murder_n to_o acquire_v and_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n to_o himself_o and_o 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as_o be_v design_v for_o a_o march_n and_o imagine_v that_o this_o have_v win_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o god_n they_o immediate_o set_v to_o sea_n and_o fall_v to_o their_o oar_n there_o be_v another_o way_n the_o dane_n have_v of_o appeal_n their_o god_n or_o rather_o of_o run_v into_o most_o detestable_a superstition_n which_o ditmarus_n a_o bishop_n and_o a_o author_n of_o somewhat_o great_a antiquity_n than_o dudo_n thus_o describe_v 1._o lib._n 1._o but_o because_o i_o have_v hear_v strange_a thing_n of_o the_o ancient_a sacrifice_n of_o the_o north-mannâ—_a the_o north-mannâ—_a norman_n and_o dane_n i_o will_v not_o willing_o pass_v they_o over_o there_o be_v a_o place_n in_o those_o part_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n call_v lederun_v in_o the_o province_n of_o selon_fw-fr there_o they_o meet_v once_o every_o nine_o year_n in_o january_n a_o little_a after_o our_o twelfthday_n and_o offer_v to_o their_o god_n 99_o man_n and_o as_o many_o horse_n with_o dog_n 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westsaxons_a he_o what_o by_o retreat_n and_o what_o by_o attack_n do_v not_o only_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o his_o own_o territory_n but_o likewise_o slay_v the_o deputy-governor_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n clear_v all_o mercia_n of_o they_o and_o his_o son_n edward_z the_o elder_a prosecute_a his_o father_n conquest_n recover_v the_o country_n of_o the_o east-angle_n from_o the_o dane_n as_o athelstan_n his_o spurious_a son_n to_o crown_v their_o victory_n after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o subdue_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n and_o by_o his_o vigorous_a pursuit_n put_v the_o dane_n into_o such_o a_o fright_n that_o part_n of_o they_o quit_v the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o rest_n surrender_v themselves_o by_o the_o courage_n of_o those_o prince_n be_v england_n deliver_v out_o of_o that_o gulf_n of_o misery_n and_o have_v a_o respite_n of_o 50_o year_n from_o that_o bloody_a war_n but_o after_o aethelred_n a_o man_n of_o a_o 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the_o state_n like_o a_o distemper_a body_n be_v consume_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o vice_n but_o pride_n that_o forerunner_n of_o destruction_n have_v of_o all_o other_o make_v the_o great_a progress_n and_o as_o gervasius_n dorobernensis_n observe_v of_o those_o time_n they_o run_v so_o headlong_o upon_o wickedness_n that_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o crime_n to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o crime_n all_o these_o thing_n plain_o tend_v to_o ruin_v the_o english_a at_o that_o time_n say_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n use_v clothes_n that_o do_v not_o reach_v beyond_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o knee_n their_o head_n be_v shear_v their_o beard_n shave_v only_o the_o upper_a lip_n be_v always_o let_v grow_v to_o its_o full_a length_n their_o arm_n be_v even_o load_v with_o golden_a bracelet_n and_o their_o skin_n all_o set_v with_o paint_a mark_n the_o clergy_n be_v content_a with_o a_o superficial_a sort_n of_o learning_n and_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o hammer_v cut_v the_o word_n of_o the_o sacrament_n the_o norman_n as_o in_o former_a age_n the_o frank_n first_o and_o afterward_o the_o saxon_n come_v out_o of_o that_o east-coast_n of_o germany_n as_o it_o lie_v from_o we_o i_o mean_v the_o more_o northerly_a part_n of_o it_o plague_v france_n and_o britain_n with_o their_o piracy_n and_o at_o last_o become_v master_n the_o frank_n of_o france_n and_o the_o saxon_n of_o britain_n so_o in_o succeed_a time_n the_o dane_n first_o and_o then_o the_o norman_n follow_v the_o same_o method_n come_v from_o the_o same_o coast_n and_o have_v the_o same_o success_n as_o if_o providence_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o those_o part_n shall_v constant_o produce_v and_o send_v out_o a_o set_v of_o man_n to_o make_v havoc_n of_o france_n and_o britain_n and_o establish_v new_a kingdom_n in_o they_o they_o have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o northern_a part_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v â—nt_fw-la â—d_a â—nt_fw-la for_o nordmanni_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o northern_a man_n in_o which_o sense_n they_o be_v likewise_o term_v nation_n term_v from_o the_o saxon_a leod_n a_o people_n or_o nation_n nordleudi_n â—molâ—_n â—dâ—â—i_fw-la â—molâ—_n i.e._n northern_a people_n as_o be_v the_o flower_n of_o the_o norwegian_n suede_n and_o dane_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a they_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n of_o piracy_n in_o such_o a_o barbarous_a manner_n both_o in_o friesland_n england_n holland_n ireland_n and_o france_n that_o that_o prince_n when_o he_o see_v their_o vessel_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a cry_v out_o with_o a_o deep_a sigh_n and_o tear_n in_o his_o eye_n how_o be_o i_o trouble_v that_o they_o shall_v venture_v upon_o this_o coast_n caroâ—â—agni_fw-la â—r_o sanâ—_n de_fw-fr geâ—_n caroâ—â—agni_fw-la even_o while_o i_o be_o live_v i_o plain_o foresee_v what_o a_o plague_n they_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v to_o my_o successor_n and_o in_o the_o public_a prayer_n and_o
upon_o the_o disorder_a english_a kill_v great_a number_n of_o they_o whilst_o they_o stand_v doubtful_a whether_o they_o shall_v run_v or_o fight_v but_o the_o great_a part_n post_v themselves_o on_o the_o high_a ground_n get_v into_o a_o body_n encourage_v one_o another_o and_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n with_o great_a resolution_n as_o if_o they_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o that_o place_n for_o a_o honourable_a death_n at_o last_o harold_n be_v shoot_v through_o the_o head_n with_o a_o arrow_n and_o there_o with_o his_o two_o brother_n githus_n and_o leofwine_n lose_v his_o life_n upon_o this_o edwin_n and_o morcar_n with_o some_o few_o who_o have_v save_v their_o life_n make_v their_o escape_n by_o flight_n give_v way_n to_o the_o hand_n of_o providence_n and_o the_o present_a necessity_n after_o they_o have_v fight_v without_o intermission_n from_o seven_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n to_o the_o dusk_n of_o the_o evening_n the_o norman_n lose_v in_o this_o battle_n about_o 6000_o 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the_o nation_n be_v not_o only_o decay_v but_o quite_o ruin_v stand_v so_o firm_a to_o their_o resolution_n of_o surrender_v that_o many_o so_o save_v themselves_o withdraw_v private_o out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o alfred_n archbishop_n of_o york_n wolstan_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n along_o with_o some_o other_o bishop_n and_z edgar_z etheling_n edwin_n and_o morcar_n meet_v the_o norman_a conqueror_n at_o berkhamsted_n he_o make_v they_o most_o glorious_a promise_n upon_o which_o hostage_n be_v give_v and_o they_o submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o protection_n forthwith_o he_o go_v to_o london_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n and_o acclamation_n and_o salute_v under_o the_o title_n of_o king_n next_o he_o prepare_v all_o necessary_n for_o the_o inauguration_n which_o he_o have_v appoint_v to_o be_v on_o christmas-day_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n employ_v all_o his_o care_n and_o thought_n upon_o the_o settlement_n of_o the_o nation_n this_o be_v the_o period_n 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villainy_n have_v the_o upper_a hand_n william_n as_o a_o token_n of_o his_o conquest_n lay_v aside_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o english_a law_n bring_v in_o norman_a custom_n and_o order_v that_o all_o cause_n shall_v be_v plead_v in_o french_a the_o english_a be_v dispossess_v of_o their_o hereditary_a estate_n and_o the_o land_n and_o farm_n divide_v among_o his_o soldier_n but_o with_o this_o reserve_n that_o he_o shall_v still_o remain_v the_o direct_a proprietor_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o do_v homage_n to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n that_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v hold_v they_o in_o see_v but_o the_o king_n alone_o be_v chief_a lord_n and_o they_o â—ucâ—_n â—uciaâ—â—eal_v â—eal_z â—illiâ—â—he_a â—ucâ—_n feudatory_a lord_n and_o in_o actual_a possession_n he_o make_v a_o seal_n on_o the_o one_o side_n whereof_o be_v engrave_v hoc_fw-la normannorum_fw-la gulielmum_fw-la nosce_fw-la patronum_fw-la by_o this_o the_o norman_a own_v great_a william_n duke_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hoc_fw-la anglis_fw-la signo_fw-la regem_fw-la fatearis_fw-la eundem_fw-la by_o this_o too_o england_n own_v the_o same_o their_o king_n further_a as_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n tell_v we_o in_o imitation_n of_o caesar_n policy_n who_o will_v not_o have_v those_o german_n that_o skulk_v in_o the_o forest_n of_o ardenna_n and_o by_o their_o frequent_a excursion_n very_o much_o disturb_v his_o army_n suppress_v by_o the_o roman_n but_o the_o gaul_n that_o whilst_o foreigner_n destroy_v one_o another_o himself_o may_v triumph_v without_o bloodshed_n william_n take_v the_o same_o method_n with_o the_o english_a for_o there_o be_v some_o who_o after_o the_o first_o battle_n of_o that_o unfortunate_a harold_n have_v flee_v over_o into_o denmark_n and_o ireland_n where_o they_o get_v together_o a_o strong_a body_n of_o man_n and_o return_v three_o year_n after_o to_o oppose_v they_o he_o dispatch_v away_o a_o english_a army_n and_o general_n and_o let_v the_o norman_n live_v at_o their_o ease_n for_o which_o side_n soever_o get_v the_o best_a he_o find_v his_o interest_n will_v go_v forward_o and_o so_o it_o prove_v for_o after_o the_o english_a hâ—d_n skirmish_v for_o some_o time_n one_o with_o another_o the_o victory_n be_v present_v the_o king_n without_o any_o trouble_n and_o in_o another_o place_n after_o the_o power_n of_o the_o laity_n be_v destroy_v he_o make_v a_o positive_a declaration_n honour_n the_o english_a throw_v out_o of_o their_o honour_n that_o no_o monk_n or_o clergyman_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n shall_v pretend_v to_o any_o place_n of_o dignity_n wherein_o he_o quite_o recede_v from_o the_o easiness_n of_o king_n canutus_n who_o maintain_v the_o conquer_a party_n in_o full_a possession_n of_o their_o honour_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o be_v that_o after_o his_o death_n the_o native_n find_v so_o little_a difficulty_n in_o drive_v out_o the_o foreigner_n and_o recover_v their_o ancient_a freedom_n after_o he_o have_v settle_v those_o
century_n and_o tithing_n or_o if_o he_o can_v not_o shall_v expect_v the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n but_o if_o any_o one_o stand_v thus_o accuse_v shall_v make_v his_o escape_n either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o bail_n be_v give_v that_o whole_a hundred_o and_o tithing_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v fine_v by_o the_o king_n by_o this_o project_n he_o settle_a peace_n in_o the_o kingdom_n so_o that_o even_o upon_o the_o high-road_n where_o four_o way_n meet_v he_o command_v golden_a bracelet_n to_o be_v hang_v up_o which_o may_v expose_v the_o avarice_n of_o traveller_n while_o there_o be_v none_o dare_v venture_v to_o take_v they_o away_o lath_n wappentack_n tithing_n and_o lath_n these_o century_n be_v in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n call_v wappentaches_n if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o reason_n i_o will_v give_v it_o you_o out_o of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n law_n when_o any_o one_o receive_v the_o government_n of_o a_o wappentach_n on_o a_o set_a day_n and_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o meeting_n use_v to_o be_v hold_v all_o the_o elder_a sort_n meet_v he_o and_o when_o he_o be_v get_v off_o his_o horse_n rise_v up_o to_o he_o then_o he_o hold_v up_o his_o spear_n and_o take_v security_n of_o all_o there_o according_a to_o custom_n for_o whoever_o come_v touch_v his_o spear_n with_o they_o and_o this_o touch_v of_o armour_n confirm_v they_o in_o one_o common_a interest_n and_o be_v a_o public_a league_n in_o english_a arm_n be_v call_v wepun_v and_o taccare_fw-la be_v to_o confirm_v as_o if_o this_o be_v a_o confirmation_n of_o weapon_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o agreeable_o to_o the_o english_a tongue_n wapentachium_n tongue_n see_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n glossary_a under_o the_o word_n wapentachium_n wepentac_n be_v a_o touch_v of_o armour_n for_o wepun_a signify_v armour_n and_o tac_n be_v touch_v there_o be_v also_o other_o jurisdiction_n above_o those_o of_o wapentache_n which_o they_o call_v ðrihingas_n include_v the_o three_o part_n 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for_o in_o the_o year_n 1016._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o aethelred_n malmsbury_n assure_v we_o there_o be_v no_o more_o in_o the_o life_n of_o aethelred_n he_o write_v thus_o at_o this_o time_n the_o dane_n invade_v 16_o county_n whereas_o there_o be_v but_o 32_o in_o all_o england_n and_o in_o those_o day_n these_o county_n be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o law_n laâ—_n div'faâ—_n englaâ—â—_n acc_fw-la râ—â—â—_n to_o laâ—_n for_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v threefold_a those_o of_o the_o westsaxons_a call_v westsaxenlage_a those_o of_o the_o dane_n call_v denelage_n and_o those_o of_o the_o mercian_n call_v merchenlage_n under_o the_o west-saxon-law_n be_v comprehend_v nine_o county_n kent_n sussex_n surrey_n berkshire_n hamshire_n wiltshire_n somersetshire_n dorsetshire_n and_o deuâ—â—shire_n to_o the_o dane-law_n belong_v fifteen_o county_n yorkshire_n derbyshire_n nottinghamshire_n leicestershire_n lincolnshire_n northamptonshire_n bedfordshire_n buckinghamshire_n hertfordshire_n essex_n middlesex_n norfolk_n suffolk_z cambridgeshire_n huntingdonshire_n the_o other_o eight_o be_v judge_v after_o the_o mercian-law_n di_fw-it lib._n â—_o s._n eâ—â—_n di_fw-it those_o be_v glocestershire_n worcestershire_n herefordshire_n warwickshire_n oxfordshire_n cheshire_n shropshire_n and_o staffordshire_n but_o when_o william_n the_o first_o make_v his_o survey_n of_o this_o kingdom_n book_n domâ—_n book_n there_o be_v reckon_v 36_o county_n as_o the_o polychronicon_n tell_v we_o but_o the_o public_a record_n wherein_o he_o register_v that_o survey_n reckon_v up_o no_o more_o than_o 34._o for_o durham_n lancashire_n northumberland_n westmorland_z and_o cumberland_n do_v not_o come_v into_o the_o number_n the_o three_o last_v as_o some_o wouâ—d_n have_v it_o be_v then_o under_o the_o scot_n and_o the_o other_o two_o either_o exempt_a from_o tax_n or_o include_v under_o yorkshire_n but_o all_o these_o be_v afterward_o add_v to_o the_o number_n make_v it_o as_o it_o be_v to_o this_o day_n 39_o beside_o which_o there_o be_v 13_o moâ—e_n in_o wales_n eight_o wales_n but_o thâ—_n statute_n of_o 34_o and_o 35_o of_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 26._o tell_v we_o that_o eight_o shire_n be_v of_o ancient_a and_o long_a time_n to_o wit_n those_o of_o glemorgaâ—_n caeâ—mâ—_n then_o pembroke_z cardigan_n flint_n caernarvon_n anglesey_n and_o merion_v and_o other_o foâ—r_n be_v make_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o hen_n 8._o cap._n 26._o berde_n monmouthshire_n namely_o radnor_n brecknock_n montgomery_n and_o denbigh_n so_o that_o in_o edward_n time_n there_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v eight_o whereof_o six_o be_v in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n câ—â—â—_n walâ—_n 〈…〉_o câ—â—â—_n the_o rest_n henry_n the_o eight_o settle_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o each_o of_o these_o county_n in_o troublesome_a time_n especial_o there_o be_v appoint_v a_o deputy_n under_o the_o king_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lieutenant_n who_o be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o state_n suffer_v no_o damage_n the_o first_o institution_n hereof_o seem_v to_o be_v fetch_v from_o king_n alfred_n who_o settle_v in_o every_o county_n the_o custodes_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o keeper_n of_o the_o kingdom_n these_o afterward_o be_v restore_v by_o henry_n the_o three_o under_o the_o title_n of_o capitanei_fw-la for_o in_o the_o fifty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o as_o john_n of_o london_n have_v it_o hold_v a_o parliament_n wherein_o this_o wholesome_a law_n be_v enact_v that_o in_o every_o county_n there_o shall_v be_v one_o capâ—nâ—â—â—_n capâ—nâ—â—â—_n captain_n maintain_v by_o the_o king_n who_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v restrain_v the_o insolence_n of_o robber_n upon_o which_o many_o be_v so_o affright_v that_o they_o leave_v that_o trade_n and_o the_o royal_a power_n begin_v to_o revive_v this_o be_v wise_o enough_o order_v but_o whether_o canutus_n the_o dane_n when_o he_o make_v a_o tetrarchy_n in_o a_o monarchy_n wâ—â—_n 89_o 〈◊〉_d wâ—â—_n do_v not_o act_v more_o prudent_o let_v our_o politician_n determine_v for_o he_o as_o hermand_v the_o archdeacon_n say_v be_v a_o exceed_o sagacious_a man_n so_o contrive_v the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 〈…〉_o he_o 〈…〉_o that_o it_o shall_v fall_v under_o tetrarch_n such_o as_o he_o have_v find_v faithful_a to_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a which_o be_v the_o great_a he_o take_v to_o himself_o â—rcha_fw-la â—rcha_fw-la mercia_n the_o second_o part_n he_o commit_v to_o one_o edrick_n the_o three_o called_z northumbre_fw-mi to_o yrtus_fw-la and_o earl_n turkille_n have_v the_o four_o i.e._n east_n anglia_fw-it a_o very_a plentiful_a country_n this_o account_n i_o owe_v to_o the_o diligence_n of_o fr._n thin_a who_o have_v prosecute_v this_o study_n of_o antiquity_n with_o great_a honour_n and_o particular_o communicate_v this_o to_o i_o shire_n 〈◊〉_d of_o shire_n but_o every_o year_n some_o one_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o lesser_a nobility_n be_v set_v over_o the_o county_n and_o style_v vicecomes_a i.e._n a_o deputy_n of_o the_o come_v or_o earl_n and_o in_o our_o language_n he_o be_v call_v shiriff_n i.e._n one_o set_v over_o the_o county_n and_o may_v very_o well_o be_v term_v the_o quaestor_n of_o the_o county_n or_o province_n for_o it_o be_v his_o business_n to_o get_v up_o the_o public_a revenue_n of_o the_o county_n to_o gather_v into_o the_o exchequer_n all_o fine_n even_o by_o destrain_v to_o attend_v the_o judge_n and_o to_o execute_v their_o order_n to_o empannel_v twelve_o man_n 〈◊〉_d â—â—elve_fw-la 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v to_o judge_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o bring_v in_o their_o verdict_n to_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v with_o we_o only_a judge_n of_o law_n and_o not_o of_o fact_n to_o take_v care_n that_o such_o as_o be_v condemn_v be_v due_o execute_v and_o to_o give_v judgement_n in_o petty_a cause_n there_o be_v also_o in_o every_o county_n certain_a eirenarchae_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n settle_v by_o king_n edward_n iii_o and_o those_o
richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n etc._n cornwall_n this_o richard_n begin_v to_o make_v ordinance_n for_o these_o tinn-work_n and_o afterward_o etc._n etc._n afterward_o a_o charter_n be_v grant_v they_o by_o edmund_n earl_n richard_n brother_n with_o several_a immunity_n by_o who_o also_o the_o stannary-law_n be_v frame_v and_o confirm_v with_o his_o own_o seal_n lay_v a_o certain_a impost_n upon_o the_o tinn_n payable_a to_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n tinner_n the_o polity_n of_o the_o tinner_n these_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o 327._o and_o they_o be_v recite_v in_o plowden_n commentary_n p._n 327._o law_n be_v afterward_o confirm_v and_o enlarge_v by_o edward_n 3._o who_o divide_v the_o whole_a society_n of_o tinner_n that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v one_o body_z into_o four_o part_n or_o quarter_n call_v from_o the_o place_n foymore_a black-more_a trewarnaile_n and_o penwith_o he_o constitute_v one_o general_a warden_n or_o overseer_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n tinn_n rest_n call_v lord_n warden_n of_o the_o stannary_n of_o stannum_fw-la that_o be_v tinn_n who_o be_v to_o do_v justice_n both_o in_o cause_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n and_o to_o set_v over_o every_o company_n each_o their_o sub-warden_n who_o shall_v week_n shall_v every_o three_o week_n every_o month_n within_o their_o respective_a jurisdiction_n determine_v controversy_n member_n controversy_n in_o cause_n personal_a between_o tinner_n and_o tinner_n and_o between_o tinner_n and_o foreigner_n except_o in_o cause_n of_o land_n life_n or_o member_n and_o such_o sentence_n from_o the_o stannum_fw-la or_o tinn_n be_v call_v stannary-judgment_n but_o from_o these_o a_o appeal_n be_v sometime_o make_v to_o the_o lord_n warden_n himself_o prerogative_n himself_o from_o he_o to_o the_o duke_n from_o the_o duke_n to_o the_o king_n in_o matter_n of_o moment_n there_o be_v by_o the_o warden_n general_a parliament_n or_o several_a assembly_n summon_v whereunto_o jurat_n be_v send_v out_o of_o every_o stannary_n who_o constitution_n do_v bind_v they_o as_o for_o those_o that_o deal_v with_o tinn_n they_o be_v of_o four_o sort_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o adventurer_n the_o merchant_n or_o regrater_n and_o the_o labourer_n call_v the_o spadiard_n of_o their_o spade_n who_o poor_a man_n be_v pitiful_o out-eaten_a by_o usurious_a contract_n but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n in_o their_o time_n have_v reserve_v to_o themselves_o a_o praeemption_n of_o tinn_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o propriety_n as_o be_v chief_a lord_n and_o proprietary_n as_o of_o their_o royal_a prerogative_n and_o lest_o the_o tribute_n shall_v not_o be_v due_o pay_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n who_o according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n for_o every_o thousand_o pound_n of_o tinn_n be_v to_o have_v 40_o shilling_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o whatever_o tinn_n be_v make_v shall_v be_v carry_v to_o one_o of_o the_o four_o town_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n where_o twice_o every_o year_n it_o shall_v be_v weigh_v stamp_a coinage_n stamp_a they_o call_v it_o coinage_n and_o the_o impost_n pay_v and_o before_o that_o no_o man_n may_v sell_v it_o or_o convey_v it_o away_o tinn_n away_o under_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o tinn_n without_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o severe_a fine_a nor_o be_v tinn_n the_o only_a mineral_n find_v here_o but_o there_o be_v likewise_o gold_n diamond_n cornish_a diamond_n silver_z and_o diamond_n natural_o cut_v into_o angle_n and_o polish_a some_o whereof_z be_v altogether_o as_o big_a as_o a_o walnut_n and_o only_o inferior_a to_o those_o in_o the_o east_n in_o blackness_n and_o hardness_n c_o seaholme_a seaholme_a seaholme_a be_v find_v in_o great_a plenty_n upon_o the_o coast_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n though_o not_o without_o great_a industry_n in_o the_o husbandman_n be_v produce_v in_o such_o plenty_n that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o supply_v their_o own_o necessary_a use_n but_o spain_n also_o yearly_o with_o vast_a quantity_n of_o corn_n they_o make_v likewise_o a_o gainful_a trade_n of_o those_o little_a fish_n they_o call_v pylchard_n pylchard_n pylchard_n which_o be_v see_v upon_o the_o sea-coast_n as_o it_o be_v in_o great_a swarm_n from_o july_n to_o november_n these_o they_o catch_v garbage_n salt_n smoke_n barrel_n press_n and_o so_o send_v they_o in_o great_a number_n to_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n where_o they_o be_v a_o welcome_a commodity_n gerre_n fumado_n perhaps_o pliny_n gerre_n and_o be_v name_v fumado_n upon_o which_o michael_n a_o cornish-man_n by_o much_o the_o most_o eminent_a poet_n of_o his_o age_n write_v against_o henry_n of_o auranche_n poet-laureat_a to_o king_n henry_n 3_o who_o have_v play_v upon_o the_o cornish-man_n as_o the_o fagg-end_n of_o the_o world_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n have_v these_o verse_n which_o i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o for_o your_o diversion_n non_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la opes_fw-la numerem_fw-la quibus_fw-la est_fw-la opulenta_fw-la et_fw-la per_fw-la quas_fw-la inopes_fw-la sustentat_fw-la non_fw-la open_a lenta_fw-la piscibus_fw-la &_o stano_fw-la nusquam_fw-la tam_fw-la fertilis_fw-la ora_fw-la it_o be_v needless_a to_o recount_v their_o wondrous_a store_n vast_a wealth_n and_o fair_a provision_n for_o the_o poor_a in_o fish_n and_o tinn_n they_o know_v no_o rival_n shore_n nor_o be_v cornwall_n more_o happy_a in_o the_o soil_n than_o its_o inhabitant_n who_o as_o they_o be_v extreme_o well_o breed_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v so_o even_o in_o those_o more_o ancient_a time_n for_o as_o diodorus_n siculus_n observe_v by_o conversation_n with_o merchant_n trade_v thither_o for_o tinn_n they_o become_v more_o courteous_a to_o stranger_n so_o be_v they_o lusty_a stout_a and_o tall_a their_o limb_n be_v well_o set_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o at_o wrestle_v not_o to_o mention_v that_o manly_a exercise_n of_o hurl_v the_o ball_n they_o be_v so_o eminent_a that_o they_o go_v beyond_o other_o part_n both_o in_o art_n and_o a_o firmness_n of_o body_n require_v to_o it_o and_o the_o forementioned_a poet_n 85._o poet_n michael_n blaunpinus_n cornubiensis_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o most_o excellent_a poet_n in_o his_o time_n and_o flourish_v in_o the_o year_n 1250._o bal._n cent._n 4._o n._n 10._o wood_n antiq._n oxon._n pag._n 85._o michael_n after_o a_o long_a harangue_n make_v upon_o his_o countryman_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o jingle_a verse_n how_o arthur_n always_o set_v they_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n at_o last_o bold_o conclude_v quid_fw-la nos_fw-la deterret_fw-la si_fw-mi firmiter_fw-la in_o pede_fw-la stemus_fw-la fraus_fw-la ni_fw-fr nos_fw-la superet_fw-la nihil_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la superemus_fw-la what_o can_v ever_o fright_v we_o if_o we_o stand_v our_o ground_n if_o fraud_n confound_v we_o not_o we_o will_v all_o confound_v and_o this_o perhaps_o may_v have_v give_v occasion_n to_o that_o tradition_n of_o giant_n former_o inhabit_v those_o part_n for_o hauvillan_n a_o poet_n who_o live_v four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o describe_v certain_a british_a giant_n have_v these_o verse_n concern_v britain_n titanibus_fw-la illa_fw-la 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o sed_fw-la paucis_fw-la famulosa_fw-la domus_fw-la quibus_fw-la uda_fw-la ferarum_fw-la terga_fw-la dabant_fw-la vestes_fw-la cruor_fw-la haustus_fw-la pocula_fw-la trunci_fw-la antra_fw-la lares_fw-la dumeta_fw-la thoros_fw-la coenacula_fw-la rupes_fw-la praeda_fw-la cibes_fw-la raptus_fw-la venerem_fw-la spectacula_fw-la caedes_fw-la imperium_fw-la vires_fw-la animos_fw-la furor_fw-la impetus_fw-la arma_fw-la mortem_fw-la pugna_fw-la sepulchra_fw-la rubus_fw-la monstrisque_fw-la gemebat_fw-la monticolis_fw-la tellus_fw-la sed_fw-la eorum_fw-la plurima_fw-la tractus_fw-la pars_fw-la erat_fw-la occidui_fw-la terror_fw-la majórque_fw-la premebat_fw-la te_fw-la furor_fw-la extremum_fw-la zephyri_fw-la cornubia_n limen_fw-la of_o titan_n monstrous_a race_n only_o some_o few_o disturb_v that_o happy_a place_n raw_n hide_v they_o wear_v for_o clothes_n their_o drink_n be_v blood_n rock_n be_v their_o dining-room_n their_o prey_n their_o food_n their_o cup_n some_o hollow_a trunk_n their_z be_v a_o grove_n murder_v their_o sport_n and_o rape_n their_o only_a love_n their_o courage_n frenzy_n strength_n their_o sole_a command_n their_o arm_n what_o fury_n offer_v to_o their_o hand_n and_o when_o at_o last_o in_o brutish_a fight_n they_o die_v some_o spacious_a thicket_n a_o vast_a grave_n supply_v with_o such_o vile_a monster_n be_v the_o land_n oppress_v but_o most_o the_o far_a region_n of_o the_o west_n of_o they_o thou_o cornwall_n too_o waste_v plague_v above_o the_o rest_n but_o whether_o this_o firmness_n of_o constitution_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o due_a temperature_n of_o heat_n and_o moisture_n be_v cause_v in_o the_o danmonii_n by_o those_o fruitful_a breeze_n of_o the_o west-wind_n and_o their_o westerly_a situation_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o as_o we_o see_v in_o germany_n the_o batavi_n in_o france_n the_o aquitani_n and_o rutheni_n which_o lie_v far_a towards_o the_o west_n be_v most_o lusty_a or_o rather_o to_o some_o peculiar_a
peace_n hannifare_n penny_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o church_n and_o denarii_fw-la s._n petri_n circreti_fw-la in_o the_o text._n the_o learned_a selden_n be_v of_o opinion_n the_o last_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v read_v circseti_n but_o have_v leave_v we_o no_o reason_n for_o his_o conjecture_n it_o will_v indeed_o bear_v the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o founder_n of_o the_o church_n a_o character_n agreeable_a enough_o to_o the_o person_n of_o st._n peter_n but_o the_o true_a read_n here_o be_v certain_o circsceati_fw-la from_fw-la sceat_fw-la i.e._n revenue_n or_o riches_n imply_v the_o peter-pence_n to_o be_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n s._n peter_n penny_n to_o hold_v thrice_o a_o year_n the_o bishop_n plead_n without_o admonition_n to_o go_v into_o the_o army_n with_o the_o bishop_n man_n the_o country_n all_o about_o be_v beautify_v with_o green_a meadow_n abound_v in_o delightful_a orchard_n which_o with_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o village_n do_v wonderful_o charm_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o spectator_n among_o the_o village_n those_o of_o most_o note_n be_v orchard_n which_o have_v its_o lord_n of_o the_o same_o name_n from_o who_o it_o descend_v by_o inheritance_n to_o the_o portmans_n knight_n e_fw-la next_o hach-beauchamp_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o then_o cory-mallet_n the_o latter_a part_n whereof_o be_v add_v because_o of_o the_o lord_n for_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o mallet_n of_o norman_a extraction_n from_o who_o it_o come_v in_o a_o short_a time_n by_o a_o heiress_n to_o the_o pointzy_n â—ies_n â—ies_n of_o which_o family_n hugh_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n 3_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o parliamentary-baron_n and_o some_o other_o of_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n knight_n of_o great_a worth_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o but_o as_o to_o the_o beauchamp_n otherwise_o call_v de_fw-fr bello_fw-la campo_fw-it 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o they_o have_v flourish_v in_o great_a honour_n from_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 2._o especial_o since_o cecil_n de_fw-fr fortibus_fw-la descend_v from_o the_o earl_n de_fw-fr ferrariis_fw-la and_o from_o that_o famous_a marshal_n of_o england_n william_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n be_v marry_v into_o this_o family_n but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edw._n 3._o the_o estate_n be_v divide_v by_o sister_n between_o roger_n de_fw-fr s._n mauro_n or_o seimore_n and_o j._n meriet_n both_o of_o they_o spring_v from_o ancient_a and_o honourable_a ancestor_n this_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o hen._n 8._o after_o he_o have_v marry_v jane_n seimor_n edward_n the_o sixth_n mother_n make_v edward_n seimor_n her_o brother_n â—nt_fw-fr â—nt_fw-fr viscount_n beauchamp_n sometset_n beauchamp_n and_o earl_n of_o hertford_n who_o king_n edward_n 6._o afterward_o honour_v first_o with_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n and_o baron_n seimor_n to_o be_v annex_v to_o his_o other_o title_n lest_o as_o the_o king_n say_v in_o the_o patent_n the_o name_n of_o his_o mother_n family_n shall_v be_v overshadowed_a with_o any_o other_o stile_n and_o yet_o afterward_o create_v he_o duke_n of_o sometset_n who_o edw._n 6._o afterward_o advance_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o duke_n of_o somerset_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o next_o where_o thone_n mix_v itself_o with_o the_o parrot_n there_o be_v make_v a_o river-island_n former_o call_v aethelingey_n â—ey_n â—ey_n i.e._n a_o island_n of_o noble_n now_o common_o athelnâ—y_n which_o be_v to_o we_o no_o less_o remarkable_a for_o king_n alfred_n abscond_v there_o when_o the_o dane_n make_v havoc_n of_o all_o before_o he_o than_o be_v those_o minturnensian_a fen_n to_o the_o italian_n for_o be_v a_o hide_v place_n to_o marius_n for_o to_o that_o king_n as_o a_o ancient_a poet_n write_v of_o he_o mixta_fw-la dolori_fw-la gaudia_fw-la semper_fw-la erant_fw-la spes_fw-la semper_fw-la mixta_fw-la timori_fw-la si_fw-mi modo_fw-la victor_n erat_fw-la ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la cella_n pavebat_fw-la si_fw-la modo_fw-la victus_fw-la erat_fw-la ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la cella_fw-la parabat_fw-la cui_fw-la vestes_fw-la sudore_fw-la jugi_fw-la cvi_fw-la sica_fw-la cruore_fw-la tincta_fw-la jugi_fw-la quantum_fw-la sit_fw-la onus_fw-la regnare_fw-la probarunt_fw-la allay_v with_o grief_n his_o cautious_a joy_n appear_v and_o when_o he_o hope_v the_o most_o the_o most_o he_o fear_v conquer_a he_o expect_v still_o the_o rally_a foe_n overcome_v he_o fit_v for_o a_o second_o blow_n who_o sweaty_a hand_n and_o garment_n stain_v in_o blood_n show_v that_o a_o crown_n be_v but_o a_o noble_a load_n and_o true_o this_o island_n fall_v out_o very_o well_o for_o a_o private_a refuge_n for_o the_o stand_a pool_n and_o inundation_n which_o asser_n call_v by_o a_o latin-saxon_a word_n gronna_n make_v it_o inaccessible_a gronne_n gronne_n it_o have_v former_o a_o bridge_n between_o two_o tower_n which_o be_v build_v by_o king_n alfred_n also_o a_o very_a large_a set_v of_o alder_n full_a of_o goat_n and_o deer_n but_o the_o firm_a ground_n not_o above_o two_o acre_n broad_a upon_o this_o he_o build_v a_o monastery_n the_o whole_a structure_n whereof_o malmesbury_n here_o speak_v for_o i_o be_v support_v by_o four_o post_n fasten_v in_o the_o ground_n with_o four_z arch_v chancel_v draw_v round_o it_o the_o parrot_n do_v not_o go_v far_o alone_a britain_n alone_a parrot_n have_v receive_v the_o same_o river_n run_v alone_o swell_v with_o certain_a sandy_a shelf_n sometime_o in_o his_o channel_n by_o the_o hundred_o of_o n._n pederton_n ancient_o acknowledge_v the_o bluet_n to_o have_v be_v lord_n thereof_o who_o be_v think_v to_o have_v bring_v that_o name_n from_o bluet_n in_o little_a britain_n after_o it_o have_v get_v together_o its_o water_n before_o it_o be_v join_v by_o another_o river_n from_o the_o east_n somerton_n east_n which_o open_v itself_o near_o castle-cary_n which_o william_n lovel_n lord_n thereof_o hold_v against_o k._n stephen_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o maud_n the_o empress_n right_a inheritrix_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n who_o issue-male_a fail_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n edw._n 3._o by_o heir_n female_a it_o come_v to_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr s._n maure_n a_o baron_n of_o a_o distinct_a family_n from_o that_o which_o be_v a_o few_o line_n beforementioned_a and_o short_o after_o about_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 5._o by_o a_o heir_n female_a again_o to_o the_o lord_n zouch_v of_o harringworth_n as_o a_o moiety_n of_o the_o land_n of_o lord_n zouch_v of_o ashby_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr zouch_n come_v before_o by_o coheir_n to_o the_o house_n of_o this_o s._n maure_n but_o when_o the_o lord_n zouch_n be_v attaint_v by_o k._n henry_n 7._o for_o assist_v k._n richard_n 3._o this_o castle_n be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n to_o robert_n willoughby_n lord_n brooke_n as_o his_o land_n at_o bridgewater_n to_o the_o lord_n daubeney_n and_o then_o he_o be_v restore_v in_o blood_n from_o castle_n carry_v this_o water_n pass_v by_o lites-cary_n to_o be_v remember_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o late_a owner_n thomas_n light_n a_o gentleman_n studious_a of_o all_o good_a 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forfeiture_n of_o good_n or_o loss_n of_o limb_n and_o life_n you_o have_v hear_v that_o the_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n and_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v common_a but_o these_o be_v the_o king_n be_v and_o be_v claim_v by_o the_o forest-law_n where_o ere_o they_o fly_v withhold_a thy_o hand_n and_o forbear_v lest_o thou_o fall_v into_o the_o huntsman_n hand_n and_o be_v punish_v for_o treason_n the_o husbandman_n be_v debar_v their_o fallow_n whilst_o the_o deer_n have_v liberty_n to_o stray_v abroad_o and_o that_o their_o feeding_n may_v be_v enlarge_v the_o farmer_n be_v cut_v short_a of_o the_o use_n of_o his_o own_o ground_n what_o be_v sow_o or_o plant_v they_o keep_v from_o the_o countryman_n pasturage_n from_o the_o grazier_n and_o throw_v the_o bee-hive_n out_o of_o the_o flowery_a plot_n nay_o even_o the_o bee_n themselves_o be_v scarce_o suffer_v to_o use_v their_o natural_a liberty_n which_o course_n seem_v too_o inhuman_a have_v often_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a 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they_o be_v tender_v to_o the_o king_n that_o if_o he_o please_v he_o may_v take_v they_o when_o geld_v be_v give_v in_o k._n confessor_n k._n the_o confessor_n edward_n time_n throughout_o all_o berkshire_n a_o hide_v yield_v 3_o d._n ob_fw-la before_o christmas_n and_o as_o much_o at_o whitsuntide_n thus_o much_o of_o berkshire_n which_o as_o yet_o have_v give_v no_o person_n the_o title_n of_o earl_n there_o be_v in_o this_o county_n 140_o parish_n the_o country_n we_o have_v be_v travel_v over_o that_o be_v those_o of_o the_o danmonii_n durotriges_n belgae_n and_o attrebatii_n while_o the_o saxon_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n here_o in_o britain_n fall_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a which_o they_o in_o their_o language_n call_v name_n call_v west-seaxna-ric_a be_v the_o true_a saxon_a name_n weast-seaxan-ric_a as_o they_o do_v themselves_o geguysis_n from_o cerdic_n grandfather_n who_o first_o enrich_v this_o kingdom_n whence_o some_o call_v they_o gevissi_n and_o other_o visi-saxones_n from_o their_o western_a situation_n as_o the_o western_a goth_n be_v name_v visi-gothi_n these_o at_o length_n when_o the_o english_a empire_n be_v grow_v to_o maturity_n reduce_v the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n into_o a_o monarchy_n which_o nevertheless_o afterward_o through_o the_o laziness_n of_o their_o king_n quick_o grow_v as_o it_o be_v decrepit_a and_o easy_o vanish_v so_o that_o herein_o we_o daily_o see_v it_o confirm_v that_o the_o race_n of_o the_o most_o valiant_a and_o noble_a family_n as_o the_o shoot_v of_o plant_n have_v their_o first_o sprout_v up_o their_o time_n of_o flower_a and_o maturity_n and_o in_o the_o end_n fade_v and_o die_v by_o little_a and_o little_a addition_n to_o berkshire_n barkâ—â—_n â—â—e_z name_n barkâ—â—_n asleep_o what_o the_o original_n of_o this_o county_n name_n may_v be_v be_v much_o hard_a to_o determine_v than_o to_o show_v that_o those_o which_o be_v common_o produce_v
〈◊〉_d fosse_n 〈◊〉_d out_o of_o warwickshire_n it_o come_v down_o by_o lemington_n where_o there_o seem_v former_o to_o have_v be_v a_o station_n of_o the_o roman_n from_o the_o coin_n which_o be_v often_o find_v and_o plow_v up_o there_o some_o of_o which_o edward_n palmer_n a_o industrious_a antiquary_n canterbury_n antiquary_n this_o place_n belong_v now_o to_o sir_n william_n juxon_n baronet_n nephew_n to_o dr._n juxon_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o ancestor_n have_v long_o live_v here_o very_o courteous_o bestow_v upon_o i_o thence_o it_o go_v by_o stow_n on_o the_o will_v by_o its_o high_a situation_n too_o much_o expose_v to_o the_o wind_n dd_v and_o by_o northleach_n so_o call_v from_o the_o little_a rivulet_n that_o run_v by_o it_o ee_fw-mi and_o thence_o to_o cirencester_n cirencester_n cirencester_n to_o which_o town_n the_o river_n churn_n run_v southward_o among_o the_o hill_n corberley_n hill_n near_a corberley_n and_o very_o commodious_a for_o mill_n give_v that_o name_n this_o be_v a_o famous_a city_n of_o great_a antiquity_n call_v by_o ptolemy_n corinium_n corinium_n corinium_n by_o antonine_n durocornovium_n i.e._n the_o water_n cornovium_n just_a 15_o mile_n as_o he_o observe_v distant_a from_o glevum_n or_o gloucester_n the_o britain_n call_v it_o caer-cori_a and_o caer-ceri_a the_o english_a saxon_n cyren-ceast_a and_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v call_v circester_n and_o circiter_fw-la the_o ruinate_a wall_n do_v plain_o show_v it_o have_v be_v very_o large_a for_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v 2_o mile_n about_o that_o this_o be_v a_o considerable_a place_n the_o roman_a coin_n chequer_a pavement_n and_o inscription_n in_o marble_n here_o dig_v up_o do_v evident_o prove_v which_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o ignorant_a and_o illiterate_a person_n have_v be_v slight_v and_o lose_v to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o antiquity_n and_o also_o those_o consular_a way_n of_o the_o roman_n roman_n 〈◊〉_d way_n 〈…〉_o roman_n which_o here_o cross_a each_o other_o especial_o that_o which_o lead_v to_o glevum_n or_o gloucester_n be_v still_o visible_a with_o a_o high_a ridge_n as_o far_o as_o bird_n lip-hill_n and_o to_o a_o curious_a observer_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v pave_v with_o stone_n ff_n the_o british_a annal_n tell_v we_o that_o this_o city_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o one_o gurmundus_fw-la i_o know_v not_o what_o african_n tyrant_n he_o make_v use_n of_o sparrow_n to_o effect_v it_o whence_o giraldus_n call_v it_o the_o city_n of_o sparrow_n and_o from_o these_o memoirs_fw-fr neckham_n write_v thus_o urbs_fw-la vires_fw-la experta_fw-la tuas_fw-la gurmunde_fw-la per_fw-la annos_fw-la septem_fw-la a_o city_n that_o defy_v proud_a gurmund_n strength_n for_o seven_o long_a year_n who_o this_o gurmund_n be_v i_o confess_v i_o be_o ignorant_a the_o inhabitant_n show_v a_o mount_n of_o earth_n near_o the_o town_n which_o they_o report_v he_o cast_v up_o call_v it_o grismund_n tower_n marianus_n a_o historian_n of_o ancient_a credit_n say_v that_o ceaulin_n take_v this_o city_n from_o the_o britain_n after_o he_o have_v vanquish_v their_o force_n at_o deorham_n and_o reduce_v gloucester_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o westsaxons_a for_o we_o read_v how_o penda_n the_o mercian_n be_v defeat_v by_o cineglise_fw-fr king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a when_o he_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o with_o a_o mighty_a army_n but_o at_o last_o it_o come_v with_o the_o whole_a county_n under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o so_o continue_v till_o the_o english_a monarchy_n under_o which_o it_o be_v grievous_o harrass_v by_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n possible_o by_o that_o gurmon_n the_o dane_n who_o historian_n call_v guthrus_fw-la and_o gurmundus_fw-la gg_n year_n gg_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v he_o be_v that_o garmund_n which_o they_o so_o much_o speak_v of_o for_o certes_o when_o he_o rage_v about_o the_o year_n 879._o a_o rabblement_n of_o dane_n roust_v hore_n one_o whole_a year_n now_o scarce_o the_o four_o part_n within_o the_o wall_n be_v inhabit_v the_o rest_n be_v pasture_n ground_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o abbey_n first_o build_v by_o the_o saxon_n as_o be_v report_v and_o repair_v by_o hen._n 2._o canon_n 2._o for_o black_a canon_n in_o which_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v many_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o st._n amand_n be_v inter_v the_o castle_n that_o stand_v there_o be_v raze_v by_o the_o command_n of_o hen._n 3._o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v in_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n and_o they_o talk_v much_o of_o the_o great_a bounty_n of_o richard_n 1._o who_o enrich_v the_o abbey_n and_o as_o they_o affirm_v make_v they_o lord_n of_o the_o seven_o adjacent_a hundred_o to_o hold_v the_o same_o in_o fee_n farm_n to_o have_v trial_n of_o cause_n and_o to_o impose_v fine_n and_o to_o have_v the_o forfeiture_n amercement_n and_o other_o profit_n arise_v thence_o to_o their_o own_o use_n hh_v moreover_o king_n henry_n 4._o grant_v they_o privilege_n for_o their_o valiant_a and_o good_a service_n perform_v against_o thomas_n holland_n earl_n of_o kent_n surrey_n kent_n late_o duke_n of_o surrey_n john_n holland_z earl_n of_o huntingdon_n exeter_n huntingdon_n late_o duke_n of_o exeter_n john_n montacute_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n thomas_n de_fw-fr spencer_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o other_o who_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o honour_n conspire_v against_o he_o and_o be_v here_o secure_v by_o the_o townsman_n some_o of_o they_o be_v instant_o slay_v and_o the_o rest_n behead_v two_o taâ—â—â—_n â—e_v river_n 〈◊〉_d afterâ—rds_v taâ—â—â—_n the_o river_n churn_n have_v leave_v cyrencester_n about_o 6_o mile_n hungerford_n mile_n near_o to_o dounamveny_n a_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o hungerford_n join_v with_o isis_n for_o isis_n common_o call_v ouse_n that_o it_o may_v be_v original_o of_o glocestershire_n rise_v near_o the_o south_n border_n of_o this_o county_n not_o far_o from_o torleton_n a_o small_a village_n hard_o by_o the_o famous_a fosse-way_n this_o be_v that_o isis_n wiltshire_n isis_n see_v this_o opinion_n confute_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o wiltshire_n which_o afterward_o join_v with_o tame_a by_o add_v the_o name_n together_o be_v call_v tamisis_n chief_a of_o the_o british_a river_n of_o which_o we_o may_v true_o say_v as_o ancient_a writer_n do_v of_o euphrates_n in_o the_o east_n that_o it_o both_o plant_n and_o water_n britain_n the_o poetical_a description_n of_o its_o springhead_n or_o fountain_n take_v out_o of_o the_o marriage_n of_o tame_a and_o isis_n i_o have_v here_o add_v which_o you_o may_v read_v or_o omit_v as_o you_o please_v lanigeros_fw-la quà _fw-la lata_fw-la greges_fw-la cotswaldia_n pascit_fw-la crescit_fw-la &_o in_o colle_n faciles_fw-la visura_fw-la dobunos_n fosse-way_a fosse-way_a haud_fw-la procul_fw-la à _fw-it *_o fossa_n longo_fw-la spelunca_fw-la recessu_fw-la cernitur_fw-la abrupti_fw-la surgente_fw-la crepidine_fw-la clivi_fw-la cujus_fw-la inauratis_fw-la resplendent_a limina_fw-la tophis_fw-la atria_fw-la tegit_fw-la ebur_fw-la tectumque_fw-la gagate_n britanno_n emicat_fw-la alterno_fw-la solidantur_fw-la pumice_n post_n materiam_fw-la sed_fw-la vincit_fw-la opus_fw-la ceduntque_fw-la labori_fw-la artifici_fw-la tophus_fw-la pumex_fw-la ebur_fw-la atque_fw-la gagate_n pingitur_fw-la hinc_fw-la vitrei_fw-la moderatrix_fw-la cynthia_n regni_fw-la passibus_fw-la obliquis_fw-la volventia_fw-la sydera_fw-la lustrans_fw-la oceano_fw-la tellus_fw-la conjuncta_fw-la marita_fw-la marito_fw-la illinc_fw-la caelatur_fw-la fraternaque_fw-la flumina_fw-la ganges_n nilus_n amazonius_n tractusque_fw-la binominis_fw-la istri_fw-la vicini_n &_o rheni_n sed_fw-la &_o his_fw-la intermicat_fw-la auro_fw-la vellere_fw-la phrixaeo_n dive_v redimitaque_fw-la spicis_fw-la clara_n triumphatis_fw-la erecta_fw-la britannia_fw-la gallis_fw-la etc._n etc._n undoso_fw-la hic_fw-la solio_fw-la residet_fw-la regnator_fw-la aquarum_fw-la isis_n fluminea_fw-la qui_fw-la majestate_fw-la verendus_fw-la caeruleo_fw-la gremio_fw-la resupinat_fw-la prodigus_fw-la urnam_fw-la intonsos_fw-la crines_fw-la ulvis_fw-la &_o arundine_fw-la cinctus_fw-la cornua_fw-la cana_fw-la liquent_a fluitantia_fw-la lumina_fw-la lymphis_fw-la dispergunt_fw-la lucem_fw-la propexa_fw-la in_o pectore_fw-la barba_fw-la tota_n madet_fw-la toto_fw-la distillant_fw-la corpore_fw-la guttae_fw-la et_fw-la salientis_fw-la aquae_fw-la prorumpunt_fw-la undique_fw-la venae_fw-la pisciculi_fw-la liquidis_fw-la penetralibus_fw-la undique_fw-la ludunt_fw-la plurimus_fw-la &_o cygnus_fw-la niveis_fw-la argenteus_fw-la alis_fw-la pervolitat_fw-la circum_fw-la etc._n etc._n where_o cotswold_n hillock_n fame_v for_o weighty_a sheep_n their_o eager_a course_n to_o the_o dobunians_n keep_v near_o the_o great_a fosse_n a_o spacious_a plain_n there_o lie_v where_o break_a cliff_n the_o secret_a top_n disguise_n huge_a freestone_n neat_o carve_v adorn_v the_o gate_n the_o porch_n with_o ivory_n shine_v the_o roof_n with_o jet_n and_o row_n of_o pumice_n in_o the_o post_n be_v set_v but_o nature_n yield_v to_o art_n the_o workman_n skill_n do_v freestone_n ivory_n pumice_n jet_n excel_v here_o wander_v cynthia_n arbitress_n of_o the_o main_n guide_v the_o
to_o john_n backwell_n esq_n p_o in_o the_o account_n of_o the_o earl_n mr._n camden_n tell_v we_o that_o henry_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n reason_n for_o plot_v against_o richard_n 3_o be_v that_o king_n be_v detain_v from_o he_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o bohun_v but_o this_o can_v be_v the_o cause_n 168._o cause_n dudg_n bar._n t._n 1._o p._n 168._o for_o after_o that_o tyrant_n advancement_n he_o sign_v a_o bill_n for_o livery_n of_o all_o those_o land_n unto_o he_o whereunto_o he_o pretend_v a_o right_a by_o descent_n from_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohun_n sometime_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n mr._n dugdale_n have_v give_v we_o a_o abstract_n of_o it_o and_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o his_o carrriage_n be_v either_o remorse_n of_o conscience_n for_o raise_v that_o king_n to_o the_o throne_n by_o the_o barbarous_a murder_n of_o his_o nephew_n or_o else_o his_o observe_a himself_o neglect_v by_o he_o continuation_n of_o the_o duke_n after_o the_o attainder_n and_o execution_n of_o edward_n the_o title_n lie_v vacant_a till_o the_o 14_o of_o jac._n 1._o when_o george_n viscount_n villers_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o buckingham_n the_o next_o year_n marquis_n of_o buckingham_n and_o by_o a_o patent_n bear_v date_n 18_o maii_n 21_o jac._n 1._o duke_n of_o buckingham_n this_o george_n be_v kill_v by_o one_o felton_n at_o portsmouth_n aug._n 23._o an._n 1628._o be_v succeed_v by_o george_n his_o son_n who_o die_v apr._n 16._o 1687._o leave_v the_o title_n vacant_a more_o rare_a plant_n grow_v wild_a in_o buckinghamshire_n i_o have_v not_o have_v opportunity_n of_o search_v this_o county_n for_o plant_n neither_o have_v any_o singular_a local_a or_o uncommon_a species_n grow_v there_o as_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n save_v only_o sphondylium_fw-la montanum_fw-la minus_fw-la angustifolium_fw-la tenuiter_fw-la laciniatum_fw-la observe_v by_o dr._n plukenet_n near_o st._n giles_n chalfont_n in_o the_o mountainous_a meadow_n bedfordshire_n the_o county_n of_o bedford_n common_o bedfordshire_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o county_n which_o we_o observe_v before_o to_o have_v be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o cattieuchlani_n on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n it_o be_v join_v to_o cambridgshire_n and_o hertfordshire_n on_o the_o west_n to_o buckinghamshire_n on_o the_o north_n to_o northamptonshire_n and_o huntingdonshire_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o ouse_n run_v through_o it_o in_o the_o north_n part_v it_o be_v more_o fruitful_a and_o woody_a in_o the_o south_n where_o it_o be_v much_o large_a the_o soil_n be_v more_o poor_a though_o it_o make_v a_o tolerable_a return_n for_o it_o abound_v with_o barley_n which_o be_v plump_a white_a and_o strong_a in_o the_o middle_n it_o be_v something_o thick-set_a with_o wood_n but_o eastward_o be_v more_o dry_a and_o want_v wood_n the_o ouse_n at_o its_o first_o entrance_n into_o this_o county_n first_o visit_v trury_n the_o seat_n of_o baron_n mordant_n â—â—rdant_a â—â—â—oâ—s_o â—â—rdant_a which_o family_n be_v indebt_v to_o henry_n 8._o for_o this_o dignity_n for_o he_o it_o be_v that_o create_v john_n mordant_n baron_n mordant_n a_o prudent_a person_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n of_o h._n vere_n of_o addington_n next_o it_o glide_v by_o hare-wood_n a_o little_a village_n call_v former_o hareles-wood_n where_o samson_n surname_v the_o strong_a build_v a_o nunnery_n and_o where_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1399._o a_o little_a before_o the_o break_n out_o of_o those_o commotion_n and_o civil_a war_n wherewith_o england_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n embroil_v 153._o the_o hyâ—gma_n 〈◊〉_d 153._o the_o river_n stand_v still_o and_o the_o water_n retire_v both_o way_n do_v wonderful_o leave_v a_o passage_n on_o foot_n through_o the_o channel_n for_o three_o mile_n together_o asleep_o ensue_v asleep_o they_o who_o see_v it_o take_v it_o as_o a_o plain_a presage_n of_o the_o division_n ensue_v 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wales_n in_o glamorganshire_n and_o in_o our_o age_n have_v the_o honour_n of_o baron_n confer_v upon_o they_o by_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n etc._n memory_n when_o she_o create_v sir_n oliver_n the_o second_o baron_n of_o her_o creation_n lord_n st._n john_n of_o â—letnesho_n unto_o who_o it_o come_v by_o etc._n etc._n to_o they_o it_o come_v by_o margaret_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n a_o heiress_n marry_v first_o to_o oliver_n de_fw-fr st._n john_n from_o who_o those_o baron_n be_v descend_v and_o afterward_o to_o john_n duke_n of_o somerset_n by_o who_o she_o have_v the_o famous_a margaret_n countess_n of_o richmond_n a_o woman_n who_o merit_n be_v above_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o high_a commendation_n and_o from_o who_o the_o royal_a family_n of_o england_n be_v descend_v from_o hence_o the_o ouse_n hasten_v part_n hasten_v by_o brumham_n a_o seat_n of_o the_o dives_n of_o very_o ancient_a parentage_n in_o these_o part_n to_o bedford_n bedford_n bedford_n in_o saxon_a bedanford_n the_o county-town_n and_o which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a and_o so_o cut_v it_o that_o one_o will_v imagine_v it_o two_o town_n but_o that_o it_o be_v join_v by_o a_o stone-bridge_n c_o it_o be_v more_o eminent_a for_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o its_o situation_n and_o antiquity_n than_o any_o thing_n of_o beauty_n or_o stateliness_n though_o it_o have_v indeed_o five_o church_n i_o dare_v not_o assent_v to_o those_o who_o think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o lactodorum_n of_o antoninus_n for_o neither_o be_v it_o situate_v upon_o a_o military_a way_n which_o be_v the_o sure_a guide_n in_o our_o search_n after_o station_n and_o mansion_n mention_v by_o antoninus_n nor_o be_v there_o ever_o any_o roman_a coin_n dig_v up_o here_o i_o have_v read_v that_o it_o be_v call_v in_o british_a liswider_n or_o lettidur_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o the_o english_a name_n for_o lettuy_n signify_v in_o british_a public_a inn_n and_o lettidur_n inn_n upon_o a_o river_n and_o our_o english_a bedford_n imply_v bed_n and_o inn_n at_o a_o ford._n below_o this_o town_n in_o the_o year_n 572._o cuthwulph_n the_o saxon_a do_v so_o shatter_v the_o britain_n in_o a_o set-battel_n that_o he_o be_v ever_o after_o too_o hard_a for_o they_o and_o have_v several_a town_n surrender_v nor_o do_v it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v neglect_v by_o the_o saxon_n since_o offa_n that_o powerful_a prince_n of_o the_o mercian_n make_v choice_n of_o this_o place_n as_o florilegus_n tell_v we_o for_o his_o burial_n but_o the_o ouse_n be_v once_o more_o rapid_a and_o rise_v high_o than_o ordinary_a sweep_v away_o his_o monument_n the_o town_n be_v repair_v by_o edward_n the_o elder_a after_o it_o have_v be_v destroy_v in_o the_o danish_a war_n which_o king_n do_v likewise_o add_v a_o little_a city_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n call_v by_o that_o age_n to_o follow_v the_o best_a copâ—_n of_o hoveden_n mikesgate_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o that_o book_n wherein_o william_n the_o first_o take_v his_o survey_n of_o england_n it_o defend_v itself_o for_o the_o half_a of_o a_o hundred_o in_o expedition_n and_o ship_n the_o land_n of_o this_o village_n never_o hide_v but_o under_o the_o norman_n it_o be_v a_o much_o great_a sufferer_n for_o after_o pagan_a de_fw-fr beauchamp_n the_o three_o that_o be_v call_v baron_n of_o bedford_n have_v build_v a_o castle_n theâ—e_n never_o a_o civil_a commotion_n arise_v in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o what_o have_v a_o stroke_n at_o it_o while_z standing_z stephen_n in_o the_o first_o place_n when_o he_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n against_o his_o solemn_a oath_n take_v this_o castle_n with_o great_a loss_n on_o both_o side_n afterward_o when_o the_o baron_n take_v up_o arm_n against_o king_n john_n william_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n lord_n of_o it_o and_o one_o of_o the_o header_n of_o that_o faction_n
large_a fen_n begin_v at_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n gront_n overgrow_v here_o with_o sedge_n there_o with_o dusky_a spring_n at_o a_o three_o place_n be_v woody_a isle_n and_o take_v a_o long_a course_n by_o many_o crooked_a bank_n from_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o north_n as_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v the_o same_o that_o william_n a_o crowland_n monk_n have_v thus_o describe_v in_o his_o life_n of_o guthlake_n est_fw-la apud_fw-la angligenas_fw-la à _fw-la grontae_fw-la flumine_fw-la longo_fw-la orb_n per_fw-la anfractus_fw-la stagnoso_n &_o fluviales_fw-la circumfusa_fw-la palus_fw-la orientalisque_n propanqua_fw-la littoribus_fw-la pelagi_fw-la sese_fw-la distendit_fw-la ab_fw-la austro_n in_o longum_fw-la versus_fw-la aquilonem_fw-la gurgite_fw-la tetro_fw-la morbosos_n pisces_fw-la vegetans_fw-la &_o arundine_fw-la densa_fw-la ventorum_fw-la strepitus_fw-la quasi_fw-la quaedam_fw-la verba_fw-la susurrans_fw-la in_o british_a land_n where_o gront_n old_a stream_n surround_v the_o tremble_a marsh_n and_o unfaithful_a ground_n from_o south_n to_o north_n be_v stretch_v a_o spacious_a moor_n near_o to_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o eastern_a shore_n where_o poisonous_a fish_n the_o stink_a water_n breed_v and_o rustle_a wind_n still_o whistle_v in_o the_o weed_n if_o you_o please_v add_v thus_o much_o out_o of_o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n this_o fenny_a country_n be_v mighty_a rich_a and_o delightful_a plentiful_o water_v with_o river_n sufficient_o garnish_n do_v with_o lake_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o as_o much_o adorn_v with_o shady_a grove_n and_o island_n take_v this_o little_a from_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n here_o be_v such_o vast_a store_n of_o fish_n as_o all_o stranger_n wonder_v at_o for_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n laugh_v at_o they_o nor_o be_v there_o less_o plenty_n of_o waterfowl_n and_o for_o a_o single_a halfpenny_n five_o man_n may_v have_v enough_o of_o either_o not_o only_o for_o a_o taste_n but_o a_o competent_a meal_n i_o shall_v say_v nothing_o of_o the_o sound_n and_o wholesome_a advice_n be_v concern_v the_o drain_n of_o these_o fen_n which_o yet_o be_v perhaps_o nothing_o but_o a_o specious_a pretence_n of_o do_v good_a to_o the_o public_a so_o often_o move_v in_o parliament_n it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v they_o will_v soon_o return_v to_o their_o old_a state_n as_o the_o pontine_n marsh_n in_o italy_n have_v often_o do_v after_o their_o drain_n so_o that_o some_o think_v it_o the_o safe_a way_n corinth_n â—â—â—sanias_fw-la 〈◊〉_d corinth_n to_o follow_v the_o oracle_n advice_n in_o the_o like_a case_n not_o to_o venture_v too_o far_o where_o heaven_n have_v put_v a_o stop_n the_o natural_a strength_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o plenty_n of_o provision_n every_o where_o have_v often_o make_v it_o a_o retreat_n for_o rebel_n not_o only_o the_o english_a against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o also_o the_o baron_n whenever_o they_o be_v outlaw_v from_o hence_o molest_v their_o king_n but_o be_v always_o unsuccessful_a though_o they_o erect_v fort_n at_o eryth_n and_o ather_v now_o audre_fw-la â—udre_fw-la â—udre_fw-la where_o be_v a_o open_a passage_n into_o the_o isle_n and_o to_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o rampart_n nigh_o audre_fw-la not_o high_a but_o very_o large_a call_v belsar_n hill_n from_o one_o belisar_n but_o what_o he_o be_v i_o know_v not_o the_o south_n and_o large_a part_n of_o this_o fenny_a country_n which_o belong_v to_o this_o shire_n be_v call_v by_o the_o saxon_n elig_v now_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n â—â—y_n â—â—y_n from_o the_o chief_a of_o these_o island_n bede_n derive_v it_o from_o its_o eel_n and_o therefore_o some_o have_v call_v it_o the_o isle_n of_o eel_n exchequer_n eel_n an._n 1221._o king_n henry_n 3._o being_n at_o oxford_n say_v fuller_n send_v to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o cambridge_n as_o live_v near_o ely_n the_o staple_n for_o fish_n to_o send_v he_o such_o a_o proportion_n of_o eel_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o his_o court_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v discount_v unto_o he_o out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n polydore_v virgil_n derive_v it_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v a_o marsh_n other_o from_o helig_n a_o british_a word_n signify_v willow_n or_o sallow_n which_o it_o bear_v in_o abundance_n and_o they_o be_v the_o only_a thrive_a tree_n here_o we_o find_v that_o one_o tombert_n k._n of_o the_o south-girvii_a settle_v a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o country_n upon_o his_o wife_n etheldred_n for_o a_o jointure_n who_o after_o she_o have_v leave_v she_o second_o husband_n egfrid_n k._n of_o northumberland_n for_o christ_n service_n squamy_o 〈◊〉_d ethelâ—red_v comâ—â—â—â—_n st._n squamy_o found_v a_o nunnery_n in_o that_o chief_a isle_n proper_o call_v elyg_n which_o be_v then_o value_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o 600_o family_n of_o which_o place_n she_o herself_o be_v the_o first_o abbess_n however_o this_o be_v not_o the_o first_o church_n in_o the_o fen_n for_o the_o ely-book_n mention_n our_o st._n austin_n as_o the_o founder_n of_o a_o church_n at_o cradiden_n cradiden_n cradiden_n which_o afterward_o be_v ruin_v by_o penda_n the_o mercian_n and_o malmesbury_n say_v that_o felix_n bishop_n of_o the_o east-angle_n have_v his_o first_o seat_n at_o soham_n soham_n soham_n still_o in_o norwich_n diocese_n soham_n say_v he_o be_v a_o village_n situate_v by_o a_o fen_n former_o very_o dangerous_a to_o water-passenger_n from_o thence_o to_o ely_n but_o now_o passable_a by_o foot_n man_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o causey_n make_v through_o the_o marsh_n and_o reed_n there_o be_v still_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o church_n demolish_v by_o the_o dane_n wherein_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v overwhelm_v d_o and_o burn_v with_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n st._n audry_n nunnery_n fall_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o dane_n but_o be_v restore_v by_o ethelwold_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n who_o by_o agreement_n with_o the_o king_n buy_v the_o whole_a isle_n eject_v the_o priest_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o monk_n to_o who_o king_n edgar_n as_o we_o find_v in_o his_o letter_n patent_n give_v jurisdiction_n in_o secular_a cause_n over_o two_o hundred_o in_o the_o fen_n and_o over_o five_o hundred_o and_o a_o half_a out_o of_o the_o fen_n in_o wicklow_n in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o east-angle_n which_o to_o this_o day_n be_v call_v st._n audry_n liberty_n liberty_n st._n audry_n liberty_n after_o that_o king_n and_o nobleman_n rich_o endow_v it_o with_o large_a revenue_n especial_o earl_n brithnoth_n who_o be_v then_o ready_a to_o engage_v the_o dane_n in_o the_o year_n 999_o ely-book_n ely-book_n give_v to_o this_o church_n of_o ely_n somersham_n spaldwic_n trumpinton_n ratindum_fw-la heisbury_n fulburn_n tmerston_n triplestow_v and_o impetum_fw-la because_o these_o monk_n have_v treat_v he_o noble_o if_o he_o die_v in_o that_o battle_n he_o be_v kill_v at_o last_o at_o maldon_n after_o he_o have_v fight_v with_o the_o dane_n fourteen_o day_n together_o it_o be_v so_o rich_a a_o monastery_n that_o the_o abbot_n say_v malmesbury_n yearly_o put_v 1400_o pound_n into_o his_o own_o pocket_n and_o richard_n the_o last_o abbot_n earl_n gislebert_n son_n intoxicate_v as_o it_o be_v with_o money_n and_z d_o sdain_v to_o be_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n fall_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o king_n with_o golden_a promise_n as_o the_o monk_n write_v and_o indefatigable_a industry_n to_o have_v he_o e_fw-la ect_fw-la a_o bishopric_n at_o this_o place_n but_o his_o sudden_a death_n hinder_v it_o but_o soon_o after_o hen._n 1._o get_v leave_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o make_v hervy_a bishop_n of_o bangor_n in_o wales_n and_o then_o about_o eject_v by_o the_o welsh_a the_o first_o bishop_n of_o ely_n to_o who_o and_o his_o successor_n he_o lay_v out_o cambridgeshire_n for_o the_o diocese_n which_o before_o be_v part_n of_o that_o of_o lincoln_n and_o likewise_o settle_v upon_o they_o cambridge-shire_n they_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n the_o bishop_n have_v all_o the_o right_n of_o a_o county-palatine_a and_o bear_v chief_a sway_n therein_o for_o by_o his_o own_o power_n he_o appoint_v a_o judge_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o cause_n arise_v within_o the_o say_a isle_n he_o hold_v assizes_n gaol-delivery_n and_o qâ—arter-sessions_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o say_a liberty_n and_o have_v his_o chief_a bailiff_n and_o under-bailiff_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o process_n blome_n in_o cambridge-shire_n some_o mark_n of_o sovereignty_n in_o these_o island_n he_o give_v the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n the_o manor_n of_o spaldwic_n to_o make_v he_o amends_o for_o cambridgeshire_n and_o this_o isle_n or_o as_o the_o ely-book_n have_v it_o the_o manor_n of_o spaldwic_n be_v settle_v upon_o the_o church_n of_o lincoln_n for_o ever_o in_o lieu_n of_o the_o episcopal_a care_n over_o grantbridgeshire_n assoon_o as_o hervy_n be_v settle_v in_o his_o bishopric_n he_o make_v it_o his_o chief_a care_n to_o raise_v the_o grandeur_n of_o his_o church_n he_o get_v it_o to_o
contract_v marriage_n be_v the_o first_o of_o our_o king_n since_o the_o conquest_n that_o marry_v his_o subject_n but_o thereby_o he_o draw_v upon_o himself_o and_o her_o relation_n a_o world_n of_o trouble_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o our_o history_n the_o say_v richard_n widdevil_n lord_n of_o river_n grafton_n and_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mote_n be_v by_o edward_n the_o four_o now_o his_o son_n in_o law_n avance_v these_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o creation_n to_o be_v earl_n of_o rivers_n rivers_z earls_z rivers_z by_o the_o cincture_n of_o a_o sword_n to_o have_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n male_n with_o the_o fee_n of_o 20_o l._n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o northampton_n and_o soon_o after_o he_o be_v with_o great_a state_n and_o solemnity_n constitute_v constable_n of_o england_n â—â—gland_n 7_o edw._n 1._o câ—nstable_n â—â—gland_n i_o speak_v out_o of_o the_o original_a patent_n to_o occupy_v manage_n and_o execute_v the_o say_a office_n by_o himself_o or_o his_o sufficient_a deputy_n for_o term_n of_o life_n receive_v yearly_o 200_o pound_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n with_o full_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o take_v cognizance_n and_o proceed_v in_o cause_n of_o and_o concern_v the_o crime_n of_o high_a treason_n or_o the_o occasion_n thereof_o also_o to_o hear_v examine_v and_o in_o due_a time_n determine_v the_o cause_n and_o business_n aforesaid_a with_o all_o and_o singular_a matter_n thence_o arise_v thereunto_o incident_a or_o therewith_o conjoin_v summary_o and_o from_o the_o bench_n without_o noise_n or_o formal_a judgement_n have_v only_a regard_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o with_o the_o king_n hand_n or_o power_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v convenient_a in_o our_o behalf_n without_o all_o appeal_n england_n appeal_n moreover_o about_o that_o time_n he_o be_v make_v lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n but_o after_o his_o have_v enjoy_v these_o honour_n for_o a_o good_a while_n he_o be_v beat_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o edgcote_n fight_v for_o his_o son-in-law_n and_o soon_o after_o intercept_v and_o behead_v and_o although_o this_o family_n die_v as_o it_o be_v and_o end_v in_o his_o son_n anthony_z earl_n rivers_z be_v behead_v by_o richard_n the_o three_o and_z richard_z and_o his_o brother_n die_v issueless_a yet_o from_o the_o daughter_n spring_v very_o fair_a and_o noble_a branch_n for_o from_o they_o issue_v the_o royal_a line_n of_o england_n the_o marquess_n of_o dorset_n earl_n of_o essex_n earls_z of_o arundel_n earl_n of_o worcester_n earls_z of_o derby_z and_o baron_n stafford_n b_o behind_o grafton_n be_v sacy_n forest_n forest_n sacy_n forest_n a_o place_n set_v apart_o for_o game_n more_o eastward_o the_o village_n lie_v scatter_v thick_a every_o where_o among_o which_o these_o be_v of_o great_a note_n blisworth_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o wake_n descend_v from_o the_o famous_a family_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o wake_n and_o estoteville_n pateshull_n which_o give_v name_n former_o to_o a_o note_a family_n greenes-norton_n so_o name_v of_o the_o green_n person_n fame_v in_o the_o last_o age_n for_o their_o wealth_n call_v before_o 3._o inq._n 44._o edw._n 3._o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o county_n not_o a_o manuscript_n collection_n of_o tenor_n by_o serjeanty_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o henry_n worsley_n of_o lincolns-inn_n esquire_n put_v this_o service_n under_o ashby_n in_o this_o county_n norton_n dany_n and_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o king_n by_o the_o service_n of_o lift_v up_o the_o right_a hand_n towards_o the_o king_n yearly_a on_o christmas-day_n in_o what_o place_n soever_o he_o then_o be_v in_o england_n wardon_n wardon_n wardon_n a_o hundred_o which_o have_v its_o lord_n descend_v from_o guy_n de_fw-fr reinbudcourt_n a_o norman_a who_o estate_n come_v by_o the_o foliots_n to_o guiscard_v leddet_fw-la who_o daughter_n christian_n bear_v unto_o her_o husband_n henry_n de_fw-fr braibrook_n a_o numerous_a issue_n but_o guiscard_v the_o elder_a assume_v his_o mother_n surname_n leddet_fw-la short_o after_o this_o great_a estate_n be_v divide_v by_o female_n between_o william_n and_o john_n latimer_n of_o corby_n brother_n from_o the_o last_o the_o griffin_n in_o this_o county_n have_v their_o original_n as_o from_o the_o first_o the_o latimer_n baron_n latimer_n baron_n latimer_n of_o good_a antiquity_n in_o yorkshire_n high_a in_o the_o country_n northward_a arise_v the_o river_n aufona_n or_o avon_n for_o avon_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n be_v a_o general_a name_n of_o all_o river_n call_v nen_n nen._n the_o river_n nen._n by_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o pass_v from_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o county_n make_v many_o reach_n by_o the_o wind_a of_o its_o bank_n in_o a_o manner_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o province_n to_o which_o it_o be_v a_o continual_a blessing_n a_o very_a noble_a river_n it_o be_v and_o if_o my_o judgement_n be_v worth_a any_o thing_n garrison_v in_o old_a time_n by_o the_o roman_n for_o when_o that_o part_n of_o britain_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n be_v in_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n time_n bring_v under_o the_o roman_a government_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v term_v ally_n to_o the_o roman_n when_o the_o britain_n also_o beyond_o the_o river_n make_v frequent_a incursion_n into_o this_o their_o country_n and_o carry_v all_o before_o they_o and_o these_o ally_n themselves_o more_o easy_o bear_v the_o command_n than_o vice_n of_o the_o roman_n on_o every_o turn_v conspire_v with_o those_o beyond_o the_o river_n then_o p._n ostorius_n say_v tacitus_n cinctos_fw-la castris_fw-la antonam_fw-la aufonas_n i_o will_v read_v it_o if_o i_o may_v be_v so_o bold_a &_o sabrinam_fw-la cohibere_fw-la parat_fw-la that_o be_v if_o i_o misunderstand_v not_o the_o place_n he_o by_o place_v fort_n up_o and_o down_o upon_o these_o river_n undertake_v to_o restrain_v the_o britain_n beyond_o the_o river_n and_o those_o of_o this_o province_n from_o assist_v one_o another_o against_o the_o roman_n what_o river_n this_o shall_v be_v none_o can_v tell_v lipsius_n the_o apollo_n of_o our_o age_n have_v either_o dispel_v this_o mist_n or_o i_o myself_o be_o in_o a_o cloud_n he_o point_v out_o northampton_n and_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o antona_n have_v be_v foist_v into_o tacitus_n instead_o of_o aufona_n upon_o which_o northampton_n be_v seat_v for_o the_o very_a heart_n or_o middle_n of_o england_n be_v count_v to_o be_v near_o it_o where_o out_o of_o one_o hill_n spring_v three_o river_n run_v different_a way_n cherwell_n to_o the_o south_n leame_z to_o the_o west_n which_o as_o it_o hasten_v to_o the_o severn_n be_v receive_v by_o another_o 〈◊〉_d another_o 〈◊〉_d avon_n and_o this_o avon_n or_o nen_n to_o the_o east_n of_o which_o these_o antâ—â—a_fw-la these_o antâ—â—a_fw-la two_o avons_fw-fr so_o cross_a england_n overthwart_o that_o whoever_o come_v out_o of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o island_n must_v of_o necessity_n pass_v over_o one_o of_o the_o two_o when_o therefore_o ostorius_n have_v fortify_v the_o severn_n and_o these_o two_o avons_fw-fr he_o have_v no_o cause_n to_o fear_v any_o danger_n out_o of_o wales_n or_o the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n either_o to_o his_o roman_n or_o ally_n who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v reduce_v only_o the_o near_a part_n of_o this_o isle_n into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n as_o tacitus_n himself_o witness_v in_o another_o place_n c_o those_o great_a fortification_n and_o military_a fence_n to_o be_v see_v at_o gildsborough_n and_o dantrey_n danâ—â—â—y_n gâ—â—dsâ—â—roâ—gh_n danâ—â—â—y_n between_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o two_o avons_fw-fr which_o run_v different_a way_n and_o where_o only_o there_o be_v passage_n into_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o britain_n without_o any_o river_n to_o hinder_v it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v some_o of_o the_o sort_n which_o ostorius_n erect_v that_o at_o gildsborough_n be_v great_a and_o large_a but_o this_o other_o at_o dantrey_n be_v great_a and_o large_a for_o be_v foursquare_a upon_o a_o high_a hill_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o country_n beneath_o may_v be_v see_v far_o and_o near_o and_o have_v on_o the_o east-side_n a_o mount_n they_o call_v it_o spelwell_n it_o enclose_v within_o a_o cast-up_a bank_n two_o hundred_o acre_n or_o thereabouts_o within_o which_o the_o country_n people_n find_v now_o and_o then_o coin_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n certain_a proof_n of_o its_o antiquity_n they_o be_v much_o mistake_v therefore_o who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v a_o work_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o that_o the_o town_n under_o it_o be_v thence_o name_v dantrey_n now_o well_o know_v for_o its_o inn_n and_o have_v former_o a_o religious-house_n of_o augustin_n friar_n which_o as_o it_o be_v report_v h._n the_o fawes_o sound_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o avon_n or_o nen_n to_o make_v a_o step_n backward_o stand_v catesby_n catesby_n catesby_n that_o give_v name_n to_o
of_o the_o river_n avon_n whence_o it_o take_v its_o name_n to_o neath_n a_o river_n infamous_a for_o its_o quicksand_n upon_o which_o stand_v a_o ancient_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o antonine_n itinerary_n call_v nidum_n â—â—dum_fw-la â—â—dum_fw-la which_o when_o fitz-haimon_a subdue_v this_o country_n fall_v in_o the_o division_n to_o richard_n granvil_n who_o have_v build_v there_o a_o monastery_n under_o the_o town_n and_o consecrate_v his_o dividend_n to_o god_n and_o the_o monk_n return_v to_o a_o very_a plentiful_a estate_n he_o have_v in_o england_n all_o the_o country_n from_o neath_n to_o the_o river_n lochor_n riâ—â—r_n â—â—chor_n riâ—â—r_n which_o be_v the_o western_a limit_n of_o this_o country_n lhychwr_n brit._n lhychwr_n be_v call_v by_o we_o gower_n gower_n gower_n by_o the_o britain_n gŵyr_n and_o by_o ninnius_n guhir_n where_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o son_n of_o keian_n a_o scot_n seat_v themselves_o until_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o kynèdhav_n a_o british_a prince_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o wallingham_n tho._n wallingham_n henry_n earl_n of_o warwick_z subdue_v this_o country_n of_o gower_n which_o afterward_o by_o compact_n betwixt_o thomas_n earl_n of_o warwick_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o devolve_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o king_n john_n bestow_v it_o on_o william_n de_fw-fr breos_n joan._n lib._n monast_n neth_n 5_o reg_n joan._n to_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n for_o all_o service_n and_o his_o heir_n successive_o hold_v it_o till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o for_o at_o that_o time_n william_n de_fw-fr breos_n have_v sell_v it_o to_o several_a person_n that_o he_o may_v ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o king_n delude_v all_o other_o and_o put_v hugh_n spenser_n in_o possession_n of_o it_o and_o that_o among_o several_a other_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o noble_n become_v so_o exasperate_v against_o the_o spenser_n and_o so_o unadvised_o quit_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n it_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o east_n and_o west_n gowerland_n in_o east-gowerland_a the_o most_o note_a town_n be_v sweinsey_n swansey_n swansey_n so_o call_v by_o the_o english_a from_o porpoise_n or_o sea-hog_n and_o by_o the_o britain_n aber-tawi_a from_o the_o river_n tawi_n which_o run_v by_o it_o fortify_v by_o henry_n earl_n of_o warwick_n but_o a_o more_o ancient_a place_n than_o this_o be_v that_o at_o the_o river_n loghor_n loghor_n loghor_n which_o antoninus_n call_v leucarum_n leucarum_n leucarum_n and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n retain_v its_o ancient_a name_n call_v loghor_n in_o british_n kas-lychwr_a where_o about_o the_o death_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o howel_n ap_fw-mi mredydh_fw-mi with_o a_o band_n of_o mountaineer_n surprise_v and_o slay_v several_a englishman_n of_o quality_n beneath_o this_o lie_v west-gow_a which_o the_o sea_n make_v creek_n on_o each_o side_n it_o be_v become_v a_o peninsula_n a_o place_n more_o note_v for_o the_o corn_n it_o afford_v than_o town_n and_o celebrate_v heretofore_o for_o st._n kynedhav_n who_o lead_v here_o a_o solitary_a life_n of_o who_o such_o as_o desire_v a_o far_a account_n maâ—_n consult_v our_o capgrave_n who_o have_v sufficient_o extol_v his_o miracle_n from_o the_o very_a first_o conquest_n of_o this_o country_n glamorgan_n lord_n of_o glamorgan_n the_o clares_z and_o spenser_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n who_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o fitz_n haimon_n be_v lord_n of_o it_o afterward_o the_o beauchamp_n and_o one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o nevil_n and_o by_o a_o daughter_n of_o nevil_n descend_v also_o from_o the_o spenser_n it_o come_v to_o richard_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v slay_v it_o devolve_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o who_o grant_v it_o to_o his_o uncle_n gasper_n duke_n of_o bedford_n he_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o king_n resume_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o eight_o who_o son_n edward_n the_o six_o sold_n most_o part_n of_o it_o to_o william_n herbert_n who_o he_o have_v create_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o baron_n of_o caerdiffe_n of_o the_o offspring_n of_o the_o twelve_o knight_n beforementioned_a there_o remain_v now_o only_o in_o this_o county_n the_o stradling_n a_o family_n very_o eminent_a for_o their_o many_o noble_a ancestor_n with_o the_o turbervils_n and_o some_o of_o the_o fleming_n whereof_o the_o chief_a dwell_v at_o flemmingstone_n call_v now_o corrupt_o from_o they_o flemston_n but_o in_o england_n there_o remain_v my_o lord_n st._n john_n of_o bletso_n the_o granvils_n in_o devonshire_n and_o the_o siwards_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v in_o somersetshire_n the_o issue-male_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v long_o since_o extinct_a and_o their_o land_n by_o daughter_n pass_v over_o to_o other_o family_n parish_n in_o this_o county_n 118._o addition_n to_o glamorganshire_n asleep_o in_o our_o entrance_n upon_o this_o county_n we_o be_v present_v with_o kaer_n phyli-castle_n â—â—er-phyli-â—â—stle_a â—â—er-phyli-â—â—stle_a probable_o the_o noble_a ruin_n or_o ancient_a architecture_n now_o remain_v in_o britain_n for_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o some_o curious_a person_n who_o have_v see_v and_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o most_o note_a castle_n of_o england_n it_o exceed_v all_o in_o bigness_n except_o that_o of_o windsor_n that_o place_n which_o mr._n sanford_n call_v a_o chapel_n be_v probable_o the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o the_o neighbour_a inhabitant_n call_v the_o hall_n it_o be_v a_o stately_a room_n about_o 70_o foot_n in_o length_n 34_o in_o breadth_n and_o 17_o in_o height_n on_o the_o southside_n we_o ascend_v to_o it_o by_o a_o direct_a staircase_n about_o eight_o foot_n wide_a the_o roof_n whereof_o be_v vault_v and_o support_v with_o twenty_o arch_n which_o be_v still_o gradual_o high_a as_o you_o ascend_v the_o entry_n out_o of_o this_o staircase_n be_v not_o into_o the_o middle_n but_o 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husbandman_n be_v enamele_v with_o meadow_n pasture_n and_o cornfield_n thick_o set_v with_o town_n in_o all_o part_n of_o it_o and_o very_o productive_a of_o sea-coal_n which_o we_o use_v for_o fuel_n in_o many_o place_n some_o will_v have_v this_o sea-coal_n to_o be_v a_o black_a earthy_a bitumen_n other_o to_o be_v jet_n and_z other_o the_o lapis_n thracius_n sea-coal_n sea-coal_n all_o which_o that_o great_a master_n of_o mineral_n learning_n georgius_n agricola_n prove_v to_o be_v the_o very_a same_o for_o certain_a this_o of_o we_o be_v nothing_o but_o bitumen_n harden_v and_o concoct_v by_o heat_n under_o ground_n for_o it_o cast_v the_o same_o smell_v that_o bitumen_n do_v and_o if_o water_n be_v sprinkle_v on_o it_o it_o burn_v the_o hot_a and_o the_o clear_a but_o whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v quench_v with_o oil_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o try_v if_o the_o lapis_fw-la obsidianus_n be_v in_o england_n i_o shall_v take_v it_o for_o that_o which_o be_v find_v in_o other_o part_n 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〈◊〉_d as_o some_o book_n have_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v transplace_v the_o former_a being_n further_o north_n and_o as_o the_o learned_a sir_n george_n mackenzy_n have_v well_o note_v defence_n of_o the_o royal_a line_n etc._n etc._n p._n 79_o be_v now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o march_n of_o angus_n be_v the_o frith_n or_o oat_n let_v of_o the_o river_n tay._n so_o that_o this_o be_v still_o to_o be_v leave_v in_o scotland_n however_o the_o other_o be_v dispose_v 〈…〉_o τουασις_n and_o tuesis_n yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o by_o the_o heedlessness_n of_o transcriber_n it_o be_v misplace_v in_o he_o for_o whereas_o he_o make_v the_o tuesis_n or_o tina_n to_o be_v in_o â—he_n remote_a part_n of_o britain_n now_o inhabit_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o the_o tesis_n or_o tina_n be_v the_o boundary_a to_o this_o county_n if_o i_o dare_v criticise_a upon_o this_o ancient_a geographer_n i_o will_v recall_v it_o back_o hither_o to_o its_o proper_a place_n and_o that_o as_o i_o hope_v without_o offence_n to_o the_o scot_n who_o have_v no_o river_n to_o which_o they_o can_v right_o apply_v these_o name_n the_o tees_n rise_v in_o that_o stony_a ground_n call_v stanemore_n and_o with_o the_o many_o current_n which_o join_v it_o on_o both_o side_n flow_v through_o rock_n out_o of_o which_o at_o egleston_n where_o c._n earl_n of_o britain_n and_o richmond_n build_v a_o monastery_n they_o hew_v marble_n and_o first_o it_o run_v by_o bernard-castle_n â—ernard-â—astle_a â—ernard-â—astle_a build_v by_o bernard_n balliol_n great_a grandfather_n to_o john_n balliol_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o denominate_v from_o he_o but_o john_n balliol_n who_o edward_n the_o first_o have_v declare_v king_n of_o scot_n lose_v this_o with_o other_o possession_n in_o england_n for_o fall_v from_o the_o allegiance_n he_o have_v swear_v to_o king_n edward_n at_o which_o time_n the_o king_n be_v displease_v with_o anthony_n bishop_n of_o durham_n as_o the_o history_n of_o that_o place_n tell_v we_o take_v this_o castle_n with_o all_o its_o appurtenance_n from_o he_o and_o confer_v it_o upon_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n herk_n and_o hertnes_n he_o bestow_v upon_o robert_n clifford_n kewerston_n upon_o galfrid_n de_fw-fr hertlpole_n which_o the_o bishop_n have_v as_o forfeit_v by_o j._n de_fw-fr balliol_n r._n de_fw-fr brus_n and_o christopher_n de_fw-fr seton_n but_o some_o few_o year_n after_o ludovicus_n de_fw-fr bellomonte_n the_o bishop_n descend_v from_o the_o royal_a line_n of_o france_n who_o as_o it_o be_v write_v of_o he_o be_v but_o ignorant_a and_o a_o mere_a stranger_n to_o matter_n of_o learning_n go_v to_o law_n for_o this_o castle_n and_o other_o possession_n and_o carry_v the_o cause_n sentence_n be_v give_v in_o these_o word_n the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o forfeiture_n in_o war_n within_o the_o liberty_n of_o his_o bishopric_n as_o the_o king_n have_v they_o without_o near_o this_o stand_v stretlham_n stretlham_n stretlham_n for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o famous_a and_o knightly_a family_n of_o the_o bow_n bâ—â—es_n bâ—â—es_n or_o de_fw-fr arcubus_fw-la who_o have_v often_o do_v great_a service_n to_o their_o king_n and_o country_n in_o time_n of_o extremity_n their_o pedigree_n be_v from_o w._n de_fw-fr arcubus_fw-la to_o who_o as_o i_o have_v read_v alanus_n niger_n earl_n of_o britain_n and_o richmond_n give_v it_o in_o these_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v bear_v for_o his_o arm_n the_o scutcheon_n of_o britain_n with_o three_o bend_a bow_n in_o it_o at_o less_o than_o five_o mile_n distance_n from_o hence_o and_o somewhat_o far_o from_o the_o tee_n be_v standrope_n standrope_n standrope_n which_o be_v also_o call_v stainthorp_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o stony_a village_n a_o small_a market-town_n where_o stand_v a_o collegiate_n church_n build_v by_o the_o nevill_n which_o
of_o s._n patrick_n l._n 2._o rerum_fw-la anglicarum_fw-la cap_n 26._o and_o well_o supply_v with_o fish_n from_o the_o river_n as_o it_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n here_o famous_a for_o trade_n and_o for_o those_o sweet_a plain_n oaky_a wood_n and_o fine_a park_n so_o entertain_v about_o it_o thus_o also_o william_n of_o newborow_n divelin_fw-mi a_o maritime_a city_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o ireland_n it_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o famous_a harbour_n and_o for_o trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n rival_n london_n it_o be_v situation_n be_v particular_o pleasant_a and_o wholesome_a have_v hill_n on_o the_o south_n plain_n on_o the_o west_n and_o sea_n just_a the_o by_o it_o on_o the_o east_n and_o and_o the_o river_n liffy_n on_o the_o north_n where_o ship_n ride_v safe_o upon_o the_o river_n there_o be_v key_n as_o we_o call_v they_o or_o certain_a work_n make_v to_o break_v the_o violence_n of_o the_o water_n for_o caiare_fw-la among_o the_o ancient_n signify_v to_o restrain_v 22._o ad_fw-la auson_n lib._n â—_o c._n 22._o check_n or_o hinder_v as_o the_o most_o learned_a scaliger_n have_v observe_v here_o the_o city_n wall_n well_o build_v of_o free_a stone_n begins_z fortify_v on_o the_o south_n with_o rampier_n it_o have_v six_o gate_n which_o open_v into_o large_a suburb_n on_o all_o side_n the_o access_n on_o the_o south_n be_v by_o dammes-gate_n near_o which_o stand_v the_o king_n castle_n upon_o a_o rise_n well_o fortify_v with_o ditch_n and_o tower_n and_o provide_v with_o a_o good_a arsenal_n build_v by_o henry_n loundres_n the_o archbishop_n about_o the_o year_n 1220._o in_o that_o suburb_n on_o the_o east_n side_n near_a st._n andrew_n church_n henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n as_o hoveden_n say_v cause_v a_o royal_a palace_n banqueting-house_n palace_n or_o rather_o banqueting-house_n to_o be_v build_v of_o smooth_a wattle_n very_o curious_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o country_n and_o here_o with_o the_o king_n and_o 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o-conor_a don_a who_o be_v so_o potent_a that_o when_o the_o english_a invade_v ireland_n he_o act_v as_o monarch_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o will_v hardly_o submit_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o but_o be_v often_o recoil_v though_o he_o have_v promise_v submission_n and_o as_o a_o anonymous_a writer_n of_o that_o age_n say_v he_o be_v wont_a to_o exclaim_v against_o these_o word_n of_o pope_n adrian_n in_o his_o diploma_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o injurious_a to_o he_o you_o may_v enter_v into_o that_o island_n 787._o v._o dipl_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o giral_n cambren_n de_fw-fr expugnatione_fw-la p._n 787._o and_o do_v any_o thing_n therein_o that_o will_v contribute_v to_o god_n glory_n and_o the_o well-being_n of_o the_o country_n and_o let_v the_o people_n of_o that_o island_n receive_v you_o and_o respect_v you_o as_o their_o lord_n and_o this_o he_o continue_v to_o protest_v against_o till_o pope_n alexander_n the_o three_o make_v another_o diploma_n 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that_o the_o minister_n read_v the_o scripture_n to_o the_o people_n in_o the_o mank_n language_n out_o of_o the_o english_a there_o have_v be_v three_o monastery_n monastery_n thâ—_n monastery_n in_o this_o isle_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o monastery_n of_o russin_n in_o castle-town_n the_o common_a buryingplace_n of_o the_o king_n be_v of_o man_n which_o by_o the_o ruin_n thereof_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o goodly_a fabric_n there_o be_v also_o the_o priory_n of_o douglas_n and_o a_o house_n of_o the_o friar_n minor_n at_o brinnaken_a beside_o these_o monastery_n there_o be_v several_a other_o without_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n of_o this_o isle_n confer_v title_n or_o land_n within_o the_o island_n as_o the_o priory_n of_o st._n bee_n or_o de_fw-fr sancta_fw-la bega_n in_o cumberland_n upon_o the_o abbey_n of_o whittern_n or_o candida_n casa_n in_o galloway_n of_o scotland_n and_o upon_o the_o abbey_n of_o banchor_n in_o ireland_n for_o this_o cause_n the_o prior_n and_o abbot_n of_o these_o house_n be_v baron_n of_o man_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v their_o attendance_n as_o such_o upon_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n thereof_o when_o require_v man._n mr._n camden_n error_n touch_v the_o bishopric_n of_o man._n as_o to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o man_n mr._n camden_n say_v that_o it_o be_v found_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o four_o about_o the_o year_n 140._o and_o that_o the_o bishop_n thereof_o be_v name_v sodorensis_n from_o a_o little_a island_n near_o castletown_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n where_o the_o episcopal_n see_v be_v institute_v this_o error_n of_o mr._n camden_n be_v confute_v by_o the_o authority_n not_o only_o of_o the_o irish_a and_o manks_n tradition_n concern_v their_o first_o conversion_n to_o christianity_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o the_o historian_n that_o have_v write_v the_o life_n of_o st._n patrick_n who_o be_v general_o believe_v to_o have_v convert_v that_o island_n to_o christianity_n they_o affirm_v 92._o affirm_v â—osâ—â—lin_n vita_fw-la pat._n c._n 92._o that_o st._n patrick_n have_v convert_v the_o island_n about_o the_o year_n 447._o leave_v one_o germanus_n bishop_n thereof_o and_o after_o his_o death_n consecrate_v two_o other_o bishop_n to_o succeed_v he_o who_o name_n be_v conindrius_n and_o romulus_n fellow-bishop_n and_o to_o they_o succeed_v one_o st._n maughald_v this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o learned_a antiquary_n bishop_n usher_n 644._o usher_n usser_v antiâ—_n br._n c._n 6._o p._n 644._o beside_o these_o four_o there_o be_v another_o bishop_n of_o man_n mention_v by_o boethius_n 114._o boethius_n both_o hist_o scot_n p_o 114._o and_o hollinshead_n 144._o hollinshead_n hollâ—sh_v p._n 144._o who_o name_n be_v conanus_fw-la and_o who_o have_v be_v tutor_n to_o eugenius_n the_o five_o king_n of_o scotland_n who_o begin_v to_o reign_v an._n dom._n 684._o which_o be_v above_o 130_o year_n before_o gregory_n the_o four_o sit_v in_o st._n peter_n chair_n so_o that_o this_o bishopric_n appear_v to_o be_v near_o 4â—0_n year_n of_o great_a antiquity_n than_o mr._n camden_n make_v it_o these_o bishop_n above_o name_v be_v call_v bishop_n of_o man_n only_o and_o not_o bishop_n of_o sodor_n for_o that_o bishopric_n be_v not_o found_v till_o near_o 400_o year_n after_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o man_n be_v never_o call_v bishop_n of_o sodor_n till_o after_o the_o union_n of_o the_o two_o bishopric_n sodor_n and_o man._n mr._n camden_n mistake_n may_v proceed_v from_o confound_v the_o bishopric_n of_o sodor_n and_o man_n make_v they_o one_o and_o the_o same_o whereas_o they_o be_v quite_o distinct_a the_o bishopric_n of_o sodor_n be_v indeed_o first_o institute_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o four_o about_o the_o time_n that_o mr._n camden_n place_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o man._n but_o it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o isle_n jona_n or_o st._n columb_n isle_n corrupt_o call_v colmkill_a a_o little_a island_n among_o the_o hebrides_n belong_v to_o scotland_n this_o new_a erect_a title_n of_o sodor_n the_o bishop_n of_o the_o western_a isle_n possess_v sole_o until_o the_o year_n 1098._o that_o king_n magnus_n of_o norway_n conquer_a the_o western_a isle_n and_o the_o island_n of_o man_n unite_z the_o two_o bishopric_n of_o sodor_n and_o man_n which_o continue_v so_o unite_v for_o the_o space_n of_o 235_o year_n till_o the_o english_a be_v full_o possess_v of_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n in_o 1333._o during_o this_o union_n the_o bishop_n always_o style_v themselves_o bishop_n of_o sodor_n and_o man_n but_o before_o the_o unite_n of_o the_o bishopric_n the_o bishop_n of_o man_n be_v never_o style_v bishop_n of_o sodor_n the_o bishop_n bishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o man_n be_v heretofore_o look_v upon_o as_o baron_n and_o be_v always_o to_o assist_v at_o the_o inauguration_n of_o a_o new_a king_n or_o lord_n of_o man_n and_o there_o to_o pay_v their_o homage_n to_o he_o for_o the_o temporality_n they_o enjoy_v the_o bishop_n have_v his_o own_o particular_a court_n where_o the_o deemster_n of_o the_o island_n sit_v judge_n the_o bishop_n himself_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o the_o assessment_n of_o the_o fine_n in_o his_o own_o court_n yet_o have_v he_o all_o the_o fine_n and_o perquisites_n after_o they_o be_v assess_v by_o the_o deemster_n and_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o be_v present_a this_o particular_a privilege_n the_o bishop_n of_o man_n have_v at_o this_o day_n that_o if_o any_o of_o his_o tenant_n do_v commit_v felony_n and_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o bar_n of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o gaol-delivery_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o felon_n before_o rhe_n governor_n and_o deemster_n the_o bishop_n steward_n may_v demand_v the_o prisoner_n from_o the_o bar_n and_o he_o shall_v have_v he_o deliver_v to_o be_v try_v at_o the_o bishop_n court._n the_o forfeiture_n of_o land_n of_o any_o delinquent_n hold_v of_o the_o bishop_n do_v belong_v to_o he_o but_o the_o delinquent_n good_n and_o person_n be_v at_o the_o lord_n disposal_n the_o abbot_n of_o this_o island_n be_v allow_v the_o like_a privilege_n the_o bishop_n of_o man_n keep_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o village_n call_v bal-curi_a the_o bishopric_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n during_o the_o norwegian_a conquest_n they_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o norway_n which_o be_v drontheim_n when_o the_o bishopric_n fall_v void_a the_o lord_n of_o the_o island_n name_v a_o bishop_n and_o present_v he_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o his_o royal_a assent_n and_o then_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o his_o consecration_n this_o bishop_n have_v no_o voice_n in_o the_o upper_a house_n of_o parliament_n but_o be_v allow_v to_o sit_v uppermost_a in_o the_o low_a house_n of_o convocation_n in_o england_n the_o clergy_n clergy_n the_o clergy_n here_o be_v general_o native_n and_o have_v have_v their_o whole_a education_n in_o the_o island_n they_o be_v not_o any_o way_n tax_v with_o ignorance_n or_o debauchery_n they_o have_v all_o a_o competent_a maintenance_n at_o least_o 50_o or_o 60_o pound_n a_o year_n the_o minister_n who_o be_v native_n have_v always_o the_o addition_n of_o sir_n unless_o they_o be_v parson_n of_o the_o parish_n which_o be_v but_o few_o most_o of_o the_o parsonage_n be_v impropriate_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o isle_n or_o the_o bishop_n as_o thus_o sir_n thomas_n parr_n minister_n of_o kirk-malew_a but_o if_o they_o have_v the_o title_n of_o parson_n than_o they_o be_v only_o call_v mr._n as_o mr._n robert_n parr_n parson_n of_o st._n mary_n of_o ballaugh_n man._n ballaugh_n the_o end_n of_o the_o addition_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o man._n from_o man_n as_o far_o as_o the_o mull_n of_o galloway_n or_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o novantes_fw-la we_o meet_v with_o none_o but_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a island_n but_o after_o we_o be_v pass_v that_o in_o the_o frith_n of_o glotta_n or_o dunbritton-frith_n we_o come_v to_o the_o isle_n glotta_n gâ—oâ—ta_n the_o isle_n gâ—oâ—ta_n mention_v in_o antoninus_n call_v by_o the_o scot_n at_o this_o day_n arran_n whence_o the_o earl_n of_o arran_n run_v a_o run_v in_o that_o country_n take_v their_o title_n and_o then_o to_o a_o neighbour_a island_n former_o call_v rothesia_n now_o buthe_n so_o denominate_v from_o a_o cell_n which_o brendan_n build_v in_o it_o for_o so_o the_o word_n signify_v in_o scotch_a after_o these_o we_o arrive_v at_o hellan_n heretofore_o hellan-leneow_a that_o be_v as_o fordon_n explain_v the_o word_n a_o isle_n of_o saint_n and_o hellan_n tinoc_n a_o isle_n of_o swine_n all_o visible_a in_o the_o same_o frith_n 913._o pag._n 913._o but_o of_o these_o we_o have_v say_v enough_o already_o beyond_o this_o aestuary_n lie_v a_o cluster_n of_o isle_n which_o the_o scotch_a inhabitant_n call_v inchgall_n
in_o a_o wind_a channel_n sometime_o broad_a and_o sometime_o narrow_a run_v through_o many_o county_n as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v the_o chief_a family_n be_v the_o o_o rorcks_n o_o murrey_n mac_n lochleims_n mac_n glanchy_n and_o mac_n granell_n all_o pure_a irish_a john_n de_fw-fr burgo_n the_o son_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o clanricard_a who_o be_v make_v baron_n letrim_n letrim_n baron_fw-fr letrim_n by_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o soon_o after_o slay_v by_o some_o malicious_a rival_n take_v his_o title_n as_o some_o say_v from_o another_o place_n and_o not_o from_o this_o letrim_n and_o i_o have_v not_o certain_o discover_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o matter_n the_o county_n of_o roscoman_n below_o letrim_n to_o the_o south_n lie_v the_o county_n of_o roscoman_n first_o make_v by_o henry_n sidney_n lord_n deputy_n of_o great_a length_n but_o very_o narrow_a bound_v on_o the_o west_n by_o the_o river_n suc_n on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o shanon_n and_o on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o curlew_n mountain_n curlew-â—ountains_a curlew-â—ountains_a this_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o champion_n country_n fertile_a well_o stock_v with_o cattle_n and_o ever_o plentiful_a in_o its_o corn-harvest_n if_o assist_v with_o a_o little_a good_a husbandry_n and_o tillage_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v the_o curlew-mountain_n steep_a and_o unpassable_a till_o with_o much_o pain_n and_o difficulty_n a_o way_n be_v cut_v through_o they_o by_o george_n bingham_n and_o famous_a for_o the_o slaughter_n of_o clifford_n of_o sir_n conier_n clifford_n conier_n clifford_n governor_n of_o conaught_n and_o other_o brave_a old_a soldier_n cut_v off_o there_o not_o very_o long_o since_o by_o his_o negligence_n there_o be_v four_o barony_n in_o this_o county_n first_o the_o barony_n of_o boil_v boil_v barony_n of_o boil_v under_o the_o curlew-mountain_n upon_o the_o shanon_n where_o former_o stand_v a_o famous_a monastery_n found_v in_o the_o year_n 1152_o together_o with_o the_o abbey_n of_o beatitude_n tober_n beatitude_n mac-dermot_n quasi_fw-la rerum_fw-la potitur_fw-la balin_n tober_n this_o be_v the_o seignory_n of_o mac_n dermot_n next_o the_o barony_n of_o balin_n tobar_n upon_o the_o suc_n where_o o_o conor_fw-la dun_n have_v the_o chief_a power_n and_o interest_n neighbour_a upon_o the_o bishopric_n of_o elphin_n low_o down_o lie_v roscoman_n roscoman_n roscoman_n the_o barony_n of_o o_o conor_fw-la roose_n that_o be_v conor_fw-la the_o red_a wherein_o stand_v the_o head_n town_n of_o this_o county_n fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n build_v by_o robert_n ufford_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o ireland_n the_o house_n of_o the_o town_n be_v all_o thatch_a more_o southward_a lie_v athlone_n athlone_n athlone_n the_o barony_n of_o the_o o-kellies_a so_o call_v from_o the_o principal_a town_n in_o it_o which_o have_v a_o castle_n a_o garrison_n and_o a_o fair_a stone_n bridge_n build_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o this_o age_n by_o henry_n sidney_n lord_n deputy_n at_o the_o command_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n who_o design_v to_o make_v this_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o lord_n deputy_n as_o most_o convenient_a to_o suppress_v insurrection_n the_o lord_n of_o conaght_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o irish_a history_n that_o turlogh_n o_o mor_fw-fr o_fw-fr conor_fw-la former_o reign_v over_o this_o country_n and_o divide_v it_o between_o his_o two_o son_n cahel_n and_o brien_n but_o when_o the_o english_a invade_v ireland_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o rotheric_n under_o the_o title_n of_o monarch_n of_o ireland_n who_o be_v so_o apprehensive_a of_o the_o english_a power_n that_o he_o submit_v himself_o to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o without_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n soon_o after_o he_o revolt_v and_o thereupon_o conaght_o be_v first_o invade_v by_o milo-cogan_n a_o english_a man_n but_o without_o success_n however_o the_o king_n of_o conaght_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o strait_n that_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o acknowledge_v himself_o a_o liegeman_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n joâ—nnis_n rog._n hove_n ac_fw-la 1175._o p._n 312._o claus_n 7._o joâ—nnis_n so_o as_o to_o serve_v he_o faithful_o as_o his_o man_n and_o pay_v he_o yearly_o for_o every_o ten_o head_n of_o cattle_n one_o hide_n vendible_a etc._n etc._n yet_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o king_n john_n he_o be_v to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o three_o part_n of_o conaght_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o 100_o mark_n however_o this_o county_n be_v first_o subdue_v and_o civilise_a by_o william_n fitz-adelme_a who_o posterity_n be_v the_o de_fw-fr burgo_n in_o latin_a or_o as_o the_o irish_a call_v they_o the_o burks_n and_o bourks_n robert_n muscogros_n gilbert_n clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o william_n de_fw-fr bermingham_n william_n de_fw-fr burgo_n or_o bourks_n and_o his_o posterity_n under_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o conaght_n govern_v this_o and_o the_o county_n of_o ulster_n for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o great_a peace_n and_o enjoy_v considerable_a revenue_n from_o they_o but_o at_o last_o it_o go_v out_o of_o the_o family_n by_o the_o only_a daughter_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr burgo_n sole_a heir_n to_o conaght_n and_o ulster_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o leonel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n son_n to_z king_n edward_z the_o three_o he_o general_o reside_v in_o england_n as_o well_o as_o his_o successor_n the_o mortimer_n this_o estate_n in_o ireland_n be_v neglect_v so_o that_o the_o bourks_n bourks_n the_o bourks_n their_o relation_n and_o steward_n here_o find_v their_o lord_n absent_a and_o england_n embroil_v at_o that_o time_n confederate_v with_o the_o irish_a by_o league_n and_o marriage_n seize_v upon_o almost_o all_o conaght_n as_o their_o own_o and_o by_o little_a and_o little_o degenerate_v into_o the_o irish_a barbarity_n those_o of_o they_o descend_v from_o richard_n de_fw-fr burgo_n be_v call_v clan_n ricard_n other_o mac_n william_n oughter_n i.e._n high_a other_o mac_n william_n eughter_n i.e._n lower_n so_o those_o of_o great_a interest_n in_o the_o county_n of_o maio_n be_v simple_o call_v mac_n william_n assume_v as_o a_o title_n of_o much_o honour_n and_o authority_n as_o descend_v from_o william_n de_fw-fr burgo_n already_o mention_v exaction_n mention_v under_o countenance_n of_o which_o name_n they_o for_o a_o long_a time_n tyrannize_v over_o the_o poor_a inhabitant_n with_o most_o grievous_a exaction_n ulster_n all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n boyn_n the_o county_n of_o meath_z and_o longford_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n ravie_n on_o the_o north_n make_v up_o the_o five_o part_n of_o ireland_n call_v in_o latin_a ultonia_n and_o ulidia_n in_o english_a ulster_n in_o irish_a cui_fw-la guilly_n i.e._n province_n of_o guilly_n and_o in_o welsh_a ultw_n in_o ptolemy_n time_n it_o be_v whole_o people_v by_o the_o voluntii_n darni_n robogdii_n and_o the_o erdini_n this_o be_v a_o large_a province_n water_v with_o many_o considerable_a lough_n shelter_v with_o huge_a wood_n fruitful_a in_o some_o place_n and_o barren_a in_o other_o yet_o very_o green_a and_o sightly_o in_o all_o part_n and_o well_o stock_v with_o cattle_n but_o as_o the_o soil_n for_o want_v of_o culture_n be_v rough_a and_o barren_a so_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o want_v of_o education_n and_o discipline_n ulster_n discipline_n this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o irish_a inhabitant_n who_o be_v now_o so_o rout_v out_o and_o destroy_v by_o their_o many_o rebellion_n and_o by_o the_o accession_n of_o scot_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v this_o province_n that_o there_o be_v not_o suppose_v to_o be_v leave_v 10000_o irish_a able_a and_o sit_v to_o bear_v arm_n in_o all_o ulster_n be_v very_o wild_a and_o barbarous_a yet_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n and_o order_n for_o neither_o the_o bond_n of_o justice_n modesty_n nor_o other_o duty_n can_v restrain_v they_o this_o hither_o part_n be_v former_o divide_v into_o three_o county_n louth_n down_n and_o antrimme_a and_o now_o the_o rest_n be_v divide_v into_o these_o seven_o county_n cavon_n fermanagh_n monaghan_n armagh_n colran_n tir_v oenone_n and_o donegall_a or_o tirconell_n by_o the_o provident_a care_n of_o john_n of_o sir_n john_n john_n perott_n lord_n deputy_n 1585._o jo._n perot_n lord_n deputy_n 1585._o a_o man_n true_o great_a and_o famous_a and_o thorough_o acquant_v with_o the_o temper_n of_o this_o province_n for_o be_v sensible_a that_o nothing_o will_v more_o effectual_o appease_v the_o tumult_n of_o ireland_n than_o a_o regulation_n and_o settlement_n of_o these_o part_n of_o ulster_n he_o go_v himself_o in_o person_n thither_o in_o that_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a time_n when_o the_o spanish_a descent_n be_v so_o much_o expect_v there_o and_o in_o england_n and_o by_o his_o gravity_n and_o authority_n while_o he_o take_v care_n to_o punish_v injurious_a action_n which_o be_v ever_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o dissension_n and_o war_n gain_v so_o much_o respect_n among_o
the_o dynastas_fw-la the_o dynastas_fw-la petty_a king_n here_o that_o they_o willing_o suffer_v their_o signory_n to_o be_v reduce_v into_o county_n and_o admit_v sheriff_n to_o govern_v they_o but_o be_v quick_o recall_v and_o aspire_v after_o great_a honour_n some_o envious_a person_n that_o be_v too_o mighty_a for_o he_o together_o with_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o his_o own_o tongue_n for_o he_o have_v bolt_v out_o some_o word_n against_o his_o sovereign_n who_o be_v not_o to_o be_v violate_v by_o word_n or_o thought_n bring_v he_o unaware_o to_o ruin_v the_o county_n of_o louth_n the_o county_n of_o louth_n in_o old_a book_n call_v luna_n and_o luda_n urgalia_n triel_n in_o latin_n urgalia_n in_o irish_a iriel_n or_o uriel_n if_o that_o be_v not_o rather_o a_o part_n of_o this_o county_n lie_v beyond_o the_o county_n of_o meath_z and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n boine_n towards_o the_o irish_a sea_n upon_o a_o wind_a and_o uneven_a shore_n run_v northwards_o full_a of_o forage_n and_o so_o fertile_a that_o it_o easy_o gratify_v the_o industrious_a husbandman_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o boine_n stand_v drogheda_n or_o droghda_n in_o english_a tredah_n tredah_n tredah_n a_o neat_a and_o populous_a town_n denominate_v from_o the_o pontana_n the_o from_o whence_o sir_n james_n ware_n always_o call_v it_o pontana_n bridge_n and_o divide_v in_o the_o middle_n by_o the_o boine_n king_n edward_n the_o second_o endow_v it_o with_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o market_n and_o fair_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o theobald_n verdon_n and_o several_a great_a liberty_n have_v be_v grant_v it_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n particular_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o mint_n near_o this_o stand_v mellefont-abbey_n found_v by_o donald_n king_n of_o uriel_n monastery_n mellifont_n monastery_n and_o commend_v by_o s._n bernard_n late_o give_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n to_o sir_n edward_n moor_n knight_n drogheda_n knight_n who_o heir_n be_v now_o earl_n of_o drogheda_n a_o kentish_a man_n bear_v very_o deserve_v for_o his_o wise_a conduct_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o the_o monk_n have_v be_v turn_v out_o some_o time_n before_o seven_o mile_n from_o hence_o stand_v ardâ—e_n stand_v ardâ—e_n ard_v a_o midland_n town_n pretty_a eminent_a and_o high_o in_o the_o country_n dundalk_v dundalk_v dundalk_v which_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o good_a haven_n and_o be_v former_o fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n it_o be_v burn_v by_o edward_n brus_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n who_o have_v proclaim_v himself_o king_n of_o ireland_n and_o be_v soon_o after_o cut_v off_o with_o 8200_o of_o his_o man_n hard_a by_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o age_n it_o be_v besiege_v by_o shan_n o_o neal_n who_o be_v soon_o force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n with_o dishonour_n eight_o mile_n from_o hence_o stand_v carlingford_n carlingâ—â—â—d_n carlingâ—â—â—d_n a_o pretty_a famous_a harbour_n and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o place_n that_o i_o know_v of_o memorable_a in_o this_o county_n â—â—gh_a bermingâ—am_n who_o 〈◊〉_d also_o caâ—led_v briâ—â—tham_n â—arl_n of_o â—â—gh_a this_o louth_n have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n to_o john_n to_o sir_n john_n john_n bermingham_n a_o english_a man_n confer_v upon_o he_o by_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o as_o a_o reward_n to_o his_o great_a valour_n after_o he_o have_v defeat_v and_o slay_v edward_n brus_n that_o momentary_a king_n of_o ireland_n aforesaid_a who_o have_v ravage_v the_o country_n with_o great_a cruelty_n and_o slaughter_n for_o some_o time_n give_v he_o the_o say_a earldom_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n as_o also_o the_o barony_n of_o athenry_n but_o as_o the_o honour_n have_v its_o first_o life_n and_o be_v in_o this_o gentleman_n so_o it_o expire_v with_o he_o for_o after_o he_o have_v come_v off_o safe_a from_o the_o conquest_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o be_v overcome_v and_o slay_v here_o in_o a_o popular_a insurrection_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o same_o name_n leave_v no_o issue_n behind_o he_o this_o county_n likewise_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n louth_n baron_n of_o louth_n have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n to_o oliver_n plonket_n confer_v upon_o he_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o family_n now_o remain_v in_o this_o county_n be_v the_o verdon_n tates_n clinton_n bellews_n or_o de_fw-la bella_fw-la aqua_fw-la dowdalls_n gernons_n hadsors_n wotton_n brandon_n moor_n warrens_n chamberlain_n and_o many_o other_o of_o english_a original_a of_o irish_a be_v the_o mac-mahons_a etc._n etc._n the_o county_n of_o cavon_n next_o to_o this_o on_o the_o west_n lie_v the_o county_n of_o cavon_n reiley_n 〈◊〉_d breaâ—â—_n reiley_n former_o call_v east_n breany_n here_o live_v the_o family_n of_o the_o o_o reiley_n who_o derive_v themselves_o from_o the_o ridley_n of_o england_n though_o their_o manner_n and_o course_n of_o life_n be_v mere_a irish_a not_o long_o ago_o this_o family_n be_v eminent_a for_o their_o cavalry_n which_o be_v now_o weaken_v by_o the_o wise_a conduct_n of_o henry_n of_o sir_n henry_n henry_n sidney_n who_o divide_v this_o territory_n of_o they_o into_o seven_o barony_n the_o lord_n of_o it_o all_o of_o this_o family_n hold_v immediate_o by_o knights-service_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n their_o way_n of_o live_v be_v not_o usualy_a in_o town_n but_o in_o castle_n they_o have_v a_o bishopric_n among_o they_o bishop_n bishopric_n of_o kilmore_n poor_a bishop_n but_o very_o mean_a and_o inconsiderable_a the_o see_v whereof_o be_v at_o kilmore_n however_o this_o bishop_n be_v not_o so_o poor_a neither_o as_o those_o irish_a bishop_n who_o have_v no_o other_o revenue_n or_o subsistence_n than_o three_o milk-cow_n with_o this_o favourable_a custom_n that_o if_o they_o go_v dry_a the_o parish_n be_v to_o give_v other_o in_o exchange_n for_o they_o as_o adam_n bremensis_n relate_v from_o the_o information_n of_o some_o of_o they_o return_v out_o of_o italy_n by_o germany_n the_o county_n of_o fermanagh_n on_o the_o west_n and_o north_n beyond_o cavon_n lie_v fermanagh_n former_o inhabit_v by_o the_o erdini_n a_o country_n well_o wooded_a and_o full_a of_o bog_n in_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o it_o lie_v the_o great_a and_o most_o famous_a lake_n in_o this_o kingdom_n call_v lough_n erne_n erne_n 〈◊〉_d erne_n extend_v at_o least_o forty_o mile_n shade_v with_o thick_a wood_n and_o full_a of_o inhabit_a island_n some_o of_o which_o contain_v no_o less_o than_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n a_o piece_n and_o withal_o so_o well_o store_v with_o pike_n trout_n salmon_n and_o other_o fish_n that_o the_o fisherman_n often_o complain_v of_o too_o great_a plenty_n and_o the_o break_n of_o their_o net_n than_o of_o any_o want_n this_o lake_n do_v not_o stretch_v from_o east_n to_o west_n as_o the_o map_n describe_v it_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o those_o who_o have_v take_v a_o full_a survey_n of_o it_o it_o begin_v at_o baltarbet_a â—â—â—arbet_fw-la â—â—â—arbet_fw-la which_o be_v the_o utmost_a village_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cavon_n northward_o and_o reach_n from_o south_n to_o north_n fourteen_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o four_o in_o breadth_n before_o it_o have_v go_v very_o far_o it_o contract_v itself_o as_o narrow_a as_o the_o channel_n of_o a_o ordinary_a river_n and_o so_o continue_v for_o six_o mile_n together_o upon_o the_o lough_z in_o this_o narrow_a place_n stand_v 1641._o stand_v this_o be_v the_o famous_a town_n of_o iniskilling_a so_o often_o mention_v in_o the_o account_n of_o the_o late_a war_n and_o of_o the_o rebellion_n in_o 1641._o iniskilling_a the_o best_a fort_n of_o these_o part_n defend_v in_o the_o year_n 1593._o by_o the_o rebel_n and_o take_v by_o dowdall_n a_o gallant_a captain_n from_o hence_o as_o it_o turn_v westward_o it_o be_v at_o its_o full_a bigness_n be_v as_o far_o as_o belek_n belek_n belek_n for_o twenty_o mile_n together_o at_o least_o ten_o mile_n broad_a and_o within_o a_o little_a of_o that_o it_o have_v a_o great_a fall_n or_o cataract_n which_o they_o call_v the_o salmon_n leap_n here_o be_v a_o current_a report_n among_o the_o people_n live_v hereabout_o that_o this_o lough_n be_v former_o firm_a ground_n well_o cultivate_v and_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n and_o that_o it_o be_v sudden_o overwhelm_v and_o turn_v into_o a_o lake_n to_o extinguish_v the_o abominable_a crime_n of_o buggery_n then_o among_o they_o god_n almighty_a say_v giraldus_n the_o author_n of_o nature_n condemn_v this_o land_n as_o guilty_a of_o those_o filthy_a and_o unnatural_a act_n which_o render_v it_o not_o only_o unfit_a for_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n but_o any_o other_o that_o may_v come_v after_o the_o irish_a annal_n lay_v this_o to_o the_o charge_n of_o certain_a scotch-refugees_a that_o be_v drive_v from_o the_o hebrides_n and_o take_v up_o here_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o powerful_a