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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A67187	An experimental treatise of surgerie in four parts : 1. The first part shewing the dangerous abuses committed among the modern surgeons, 2. Of cures of all sorts of wounds in mans body ..., 3. Of the symptomes of wounds ..., 4. Treating of all kinds of balmes, salves, plaisters, ointments, oyles, bloodstenchers, potions, tents, corrosives, &c. which are used for wounds ... / by that most famous and renowned surgeon, Felix Wurtz, citie surgeon at Basell ... ; exactly perused after the authors own manuscrip, by Rodolph Wurtz, surgeon at Strasburg ; faithfully the second time translated into Neather Dutch, out of the twenty eighth copy printed in the German tongue, and now also Englished and much corrected, by Abraham Lenertzon Fox, surgeon at Zaerdam ; whereunto is added a very necessary and useful piece, by the same author, called the Childrens book, treating of all things which are necessary to be known by all those, to whose trust and overlooking, little children are committed.; Practica der Wundartzney. English	Würtz, Felix, 1518-1575?; Fox, Abraham Lenertzon.; Wurtz, Rodolf.; Wurtz, Felix, 1517 or 18-1574 or 75. Childrens book of Felix Wurtz.	1656 (1656)	Wing W3733; ESTC R38771	274,491	374

Surgeons use Camphire to cool the Wounds mingling Camphire of no use here it with other things but they do not well because Camphire is not of a cold quality but of a penetrating heat And that Camphire bringeth out heat and expels it is not because it is of a cooling property but it comes from other cooling simples mingled with it In this case Camphire is not to be used for many reasons which to relate I forbear at this time and chiefly in Wounds made by shot it is to be avoided by reason of the affinity it hath with Saltpeters fire known to Artists that deal therein There are some Surgeons which use Gum Opium to their cooling Ointments but as far as I know it is to little purpose Gummi Opium is nought here Such Gum is not good to any Wound for outwardly it cooleth no Wound within the Wound it burneth unto which Experience beareth witness Therefore it cannot quench any burning caused by Gun-powder that thing quencheth such a burning which attracteth fire as Saltpeter and Sulphur doth Saltpeter and Sulphur keep their native quality still which is to attract that fire which they have lost and quench that they set into fire No more of this and let every one defend what they use I do not intend to gain-say that which others have found good in their trials for experimental knowledge is endless and every day new things are brought to light and they may be such which I do not know of CHAP. XXIV Of Bone-fractures and first of the naughty custom which is kept in dressing them To cure Bone-fractures is common and known almost to all it is of great consequence that it be rightly understood for many know much but have small experience and some want fundamental knowledge who doubtless make many naughty cures as Experience witnesseth and whereas I have spoken in the first Part of many abuses committed in general so I thought good to speak in particular of abuses that are committed at the dressing of Fractures and to give a warning to Novices in Surgery Touching the naughty use at the dressing of Wounds Abuses at the dressing of Bone-fractures whereby Patients are neglected which though it be common yet it shall not stop me in the disclosing of it for reasons quoted above Know therefore courteous Reader that under this common use there lieth hid a great abuse If a Fracture be set and placed right after the setting they dress and bind it with splinters made purposely for that use these are laid round about the Fracture and with fitting fillets and bands on which there are small eylid holes through which the tapes are put and so pulled together and closed up that it stir not Before they do so they usually make a pap called the drying band of Tile stones Bole Walwort and other such like as every one thinketh good or hath seen others do it this they apply about the Fracture hoping with this Drier to reduce the Fracture to a speedier healing This is their common way and hold it for a Master-piece As touching their Medicaments I do not intend to disanul them and to make them of no effect I should not dislike them so much if they had dealt well with the Bone-Fracture The quoted manner of dressing I do not like at all First by reason of the great pain caused thereby to the Patient because every Bone-fracture being set right striveth a little to a swelling but the Fracture being thus inclosed and bound up as you heard how can it come to a swelling which Nature would have Therefore she presseth and striveth the more is made angry and swelleth the more and still at the bands where it finds any vent there it forceth out the swelling which cannot be done without smarting pains to the party Yea by this anger and forced swelling a whole Joynt and Member is suffocated which can be proved by woful examples But this is little regarded of those who are ignorant of Nature and the true cause and though it doth not happen alwayes that a Fracture is choaked with such dressing because it getteth vent sometimes yet that pain is so great that all those parts about the Fracture be they sinews veins Muscles c. are so much angered that the Patient is bereaved of his natural rest for in his sleep he feels such pulling in the bone which awakeneth him with an amazement these smartings and amazements may easily cause other simptoms viz. Feavers Inflammations c. all which is caused by his untoward and rude dressing All this is not enough yet which ensueth upon such rude dressing there are other difficulties and inconveniences For they dressing a Fracture in the quoted manner they can neither see nor know well whether the broken ends are well set or no for they think if the splinters and boards lie well then the bones also stand well together They little think that the parts of the broken bones either at the left or right side are terrified and so the bone stands awry and crooked This maketh them leave the Fracture undressed for some dayes thinking as long as the splinters lie right the bones also are in a right posture which must not be taken ill at their hands because they not knowing how to dress a Fracture well it is no wonder why they are so loath to undress it but this is little ease to the Patient which many times gets crooked legs and joynts the one standing outward the other inward which such Surgeons little regard be it straight or crooked as long as they have made a cure This before named manner of dressing is old and hath been practised many years and so men must beleive that it is good because it is antient I will say nothing of that which is still in use viz. of the Screw-box which hath been a long time in practise not regarding the great danger and hurt which they cause thereby as daily experience witnesseth but poor Patients have small cause to rejoyce at this This box usually openeth with wings which some use for Fractures I partly commend it but never made use of it because my Band is easie and the band with the Leg may easily be lifted and thereby the whole Member I may easily lift which way I please and never feared to stir the Fracture because no splinter nor band is made loose And when I intended to open it then I placed the Leg even and plain as I thought it was fittest and then I laid it down and undid the splinters which I was to take off by reason of the Wound which was to be cleansed I will not speak here of those which think themselves wise and subtiler and make use of Wheel-chips or such boards that are used for sheaths such things indeed are of no great consequence neither doth it matter much whether the one use Walwort the other broken stones and a third use another thing and every ones cookery differs

following drink be prepared for him Take of Cardnus Benedictus ℥ 1 of Calmus ℥ ¼ Flowers of Centorie ℥ 1 ss Wormwood ℥ ¼ Cinnamon ℥ ¼ pour upon these six quarts of Wine let him drink of it and no other or a very little of Barley Water in case the party be very dry Thus the Sciatica will soon pass away make no doubt of it though the hip were out of joint it will soon turn inward again to its right place without any further purging fomenting wood cures and such like which are otherwise made use of in that case though to little purpose Thus I close this third part of Symptoms let no man imagine that I have written of all Symptoms because there are many which have not been touched at all neither was it my intent to do it But these are the chiefest and of greatest concernment he that knoweth these aright and can handle them well he may easily deal with the rest if so be he have judgement in Surgery Finis of the Third Part of Symptomes in Wounds The Fourth Part. Treating of all kinds of Balmes Slaves Plaisters Ointments Oyles Blood-stenchers Potions Tents Corrosives c. which are used for Wounds have been mentioned hitherto in the former parts of the Book How they are to be Artificially prepared and used well This Fourth Part is called the Book of Cookery COurteous Reader it is well known and found it so perhaps by your own experience that a bad Cook may spoile good Meats over or under seasoning them though in themselves they be good and wholesome yet by his bad cooking may be very unwholesome and on the other side Meats that in themselves are unpleasant and unwholesome may be dressed so that they may safely be eaten Even so is it with Medicaments and those that prepare them For Medicines which in themselves are good and usefull are by those which are to prepare them made pestiferous and unsafe to be used on the other side there are some Druggs which in themselves are naught and poisonous may in their preparation be so rectified that they prove wholesome and effectual Medicaments Therefore those that profess such an Art as to prepare Medicaments must do it so that their compounded Medid●caments may be proper and safely used to Wounds Sores Ulcers Fistulaes Cancers and that their Medicaments may agree with Wounds c. In consideration hereof I would not could not intermit to annexe to my practick of Surgery this fourth Part which for some reasons I call the Book of Cookery And that Novices in Surgery may know how to deal in Salves Plaisters Vulnerary Potions Ointments c. the which to do I am the more moved thereunto because in the precedent parts I named some Ingredients but did not set down the composition of them nor how they were to be prepared and directed the Reader to this fourth Part. Courteous Reader do not think that I will write of such things here which are known all the world over as how Oyl of Roses Oyl of Cammomil and such like are to be made which would not only raise the Book to a great Volum but would be needless also and superfluous therefore if I give only hints of Plaisters made of raw Druggs is the reason because their compositions are common and very well known Other things which do not lye so open as yet and their preparations are not known to every one these I will reveale and impart faithfully And then will I speak of things also which want corrections which though they be good yet have some bad things also for which cause they ought not to be ministred unto patients unless their good and pure things be first separated from their impure parts and that is commonly called correcting when a harmless thing is put to that which is dangerous which is a great fault to do so and be warned that you beware of it CHAP. I. Of Wound Balsams Ointments Plaisters Oyles c. and among the rest of that pretious Brown Ointment which was so often mentioned hitherto I Never made use of any distilled Wound-Balsams neither Distilled wound balsams do I greatly esteem them because usually they are too hot and are not only dangerous in Head wounds and useless in other wounds but also by reason of their too violent penetrating quality are poisonous to Head wounds But if sinews are cut in a member there I praise the red Oyl of Turpentine and hold it to be very good Use of redd oyle of terpentine Some Surgeons are accustomed to use Wound Balsams to all Wounds which I do not approve of advise them rather to forbear though many pretious Ingredients come to their composition yet they are made too hot in the destilling I like and approve better of Wound Oyles and of Wound Ointments than of Wound Balsams I know no Wound-oyles wound ointments other difference between them but onely that the Ointments are somewhat thicker and may more conveniently be carryed into other places for that reason I rather used Ointments for easier carriage sake and when I had use for them I dissolved and applyed them warm by letting them run into the wound Note also this difference about Wound Ointments some Clear terpentine Wounds are better pleased with this Ointment and others are dissafected unto it which may be seen by that when an Ointment causeth pains in a Wound for that reason I approve not so well of clear Turpentine to be used thus crude into the Wounds especially to Head wounds because it paineth them The dry Turpentine or the Gum of Larix is better for this purpose if it be well washed Of Wound Ointments in particular Note about Wound Ointments there are so many things used hereunto that they hardly can be named because Gumms of trees Surgeons hold this or that and as many heads so they varie herein Several sorts of Hearbs Roots Flowers Seeds Fruits are used hereunto also all sorts of Gums of Apple trees Cherry trees Juniper trees Mastick Frankincense c. Balsam of Apples c. Who is able to relate all What matter it is how many things are used to Wound Ointments as long as the Ingredients are good It is not so great a skill to heal wounds because one Salve or Ointment if good may heal many wounds though one wound is not healed so soon as the other yet it will be done in due time The chiefest thing is that a Surgeon have judgment in these things and be able to discern when any simptom is coming that it may timely be opposed or prevented Many Surgeons use these Gums Bdellium Opopanax Bedellium Opopanax Serapium Serapium and such like for to dresse wounds withal of which I do not approve because they are of too strong an atractive quality which ought not to be used to wound Ointments being more dangerous with their too much drawing Other Surgeons make use of Unguentum Apostolicum which is an absurd thing

no effect Have a care that the stitches break not else they will cause scarrs but supply them with stitching-plaisters CHAP. IV. Of abuses committed in blood-stenching with Corrosives nealed Irons and the like and the dangers or hurts which ensue upon it illustrated with some examples BLood-stenching in Surgery is a very necessary point insomuch Stenching of blood is necessary that without it little is effected For Patients loose their lives if they bleed too much neither are the medicaments effectual if by a continual running of blood they be hindered in their operation and where there is a necessity of blood-stenching there it ought to be used and applyed according to Art And God be thanked Surgeons are found which have reasonable judgement in it and know how to stench blood and use it without any prejudice but rather to the great benefit of their Patients But the ruder sort goes to work basely whose number alwayes overtops the better sort and refuse better instructions Blood-stenching abused keeping and sticking to their old wayes obstinately observing their abuses even as when they intended nothing else but the ruine of their Patients I speak of such onely which use Corrosives supposing the stenching of blood must be effected onely with nealed Irons and other burning meanes among others they use sublimed Mercury crude or sublimed Arsenick calcined Vitriol Alumen Plumosum Caput mort of Aqua fort Euphorbium and such like things whereby they suppose to stench the blood Some there are found which to mend the matter take one or two of the mentioned things put them together and mingle other medicaments among it as Bole Armoniack Terra sigillata Millers dust Crocus Martis and such like This they hold for a rare Secret and Master-piece calling it a sharp Blood-stenching not without a cause for it is sharp enough nay too sharp It is a great pitty that these and such like things must be Abuses condemned cried up for rarities and master-pieces whereas they are nothing else but heavy and dangerous abuses and errors whereby infinite wrongs are done For all those above mentioned things one or more of them being used to a fresh wound for to stench the blood withall effect or do little or no good at all which were tollerable yet but they cause thereby infinite wrongs and do no lesse therewith as if they had strayed the wounds full of venom Tell me I pray if a wound bleedeth vehemently and you will stench it with one of the above named materials or corrosives when you stray that pouder into doth the wound cease to bleed presently Whoever affirms it I deny it For these materials in and outside I know very well and understand whither they have any efficacy in them to stench blood presently yea or no Must not the Wound being straid full be bound up with cotton Wool plaisters and the like that the blood may not issue forth Now vvhen you have thus bound up the wound and stench'd the blood so that it can run out no more could you not procure also that the in-strayed pouder should not work in the wound and that the corrosive which pulleth the running veins together cannot effect that because the running blood driveth it back and washeth it away For if a wound be carefully bound so that no blood can run out then of necessity the blood is stench'd and congealeth in the Wound This being done then the corrosive incorporates with it and begins then to work that is to say to rage to eat and to burn I would fain know here of what use Corrosives are in Corrosives are hurtful extreamly blood stenching as long as the blood congealeth without such fretting things and may be stayed onely by a careful binding of the Wound Perhaps you think the Patient is not sufficiently tormented unless you put more affliction and plagues upon him you immagine the Patient is not weak enough and so with your sharp Corrosives you must make him a Martyr Ah how many veins ah how many sinews which are not hurt at all by the blow nor toucht are eaten through by your sharp corrosiive blood-stenchers and are forcibly torn in pieces or at least benummed or mortified which would not have been so if you had not medled with them Are not lamenesses caused thereby and much wrong and evill inflicted upon Patients whose Wounds might have been easily cured if they had been dealt honestly withall I knew one who professed Surgery he was to stench a Example of one whose blood was stenched bleeding wound He took his pouder of the which he boasted much thrust the pouder into the Wound with some cotten wooll bound it up supposing he had done enough at it a little while after the Patient cried out extreamly complaining of his paines by reason of the raging and burning he felt in the Wound I asked the said Surgeon what he had put into the Patients Wound He was loath to reveal it because he held it for a great Secret and Master-piece however upon my importuning he said it was calcined Vitriol and Gummi Euphorbium sublimed Mercury mingled with Bole and Terra sigillata and a little quantity of Vinegar among it which he called quenching This was his great Skill and Secret wherewith he usually bound up Wounds But what happened He did more hurt then a wound twice as big would have done For though this mans Wound was not such where a lameness might be feared yet was he made a Cripple because this corrosive pouder hath corroded and eaten off his sinnews which were not hurt at all I pray what simpathy have these said simples one with the other especially Terra sigillata Gummi Euphorbium In like manner many Receipts are screwed together with a company of simples which do fit as much as a piece of new cloth a Beggar-patch'd coat of severall sorts of old rags all this is no sport or pastime to the poor Patient whose skin must reach for it These abuses hitherto shewed about blood stenching are great and grosse ones whereby incurable hurts are caused Abuse of hot Irons in blood-stenching which cause great hurt A horrible Skill and yet are they not comparable unto those which are committed with hot Irons whereby the Patients wounded veins sinews and other parts are drawn and shrunk together and haled as if pulled by a horse And this is held a great Skill amongst many but it is in my opinion such a terrible Skill which meerly belongeth to murthers and I am easily perswaded that Hangmen have taught this way at first Others that will outstrip their fellows in their Skill take cotten wool thrust it lighted into the Wound whereby they suppose to have done well for the good of the Patient But as I have said in general that I reject nor condemn blood stenching but rather hold it necessary and allowable as occasion serveth neither do I wholly condemn hot Irons to stench bloud withal and hold it to

sinews for you stitch it through which was not cut through and make more holes into than you need and you will cause a lameness which would not have been if it had not been for your stitching for these stitches are not made for plainness sake but to help and keep that together which was not hurt and to keep the further part from hanging And this happeneth to no Member so soon as to the The thumbs use Thumb and so no Member ought to be puld and bound more upwards than the Thumb for if the Thumb fals or sinks into the Parties Hand it is not onely for no use but is hurtful also for what keeps stronger hold in the whole Hand but the Thumb for when the other Fingers pull to then the Thumb meets them But if the Thumb lieth in the hand then he not onely holdeth nothing but le ts go that also which is given and put into Therefore be careful be the Wound cut shot or lamed any way to set the Thumb out of the Hand for it will fall soon enough into the Hand more than it will be to the Patients liking regard not the Patients complaint if he saith that he cannot bring his Thumb into the Hand for in case he must be lame yet the Thumb standing out of the Hand is of better use then if within Have alwayes a care to the Thumb for the Thumb stands in better stead in the Hand than two other Fingers and do not let it fall into the Hand for after the healing it will fall into the Hand however Briefly keep the Thumb upwards in all your dressings This happeneth not onely to this great sinew but also to other sinews and veins if you can come by them to stitch them as here by this great sinew doubtless they will grow together and heal But the Surgeon must still be provided with good Medicaments to prevent simptoms If any ones hand be wounded these Wounds ought not to be stitched nor tented less than any other Wound by reason No Wound to be stitched on the Hand of the many bones and sinews This rule is slighted by a great many and this is the reason that when a party hath received a wound on the Hand though the Wound was but slight the fingers are not onely stiffe and defective but sometimes the whole Hand groweth lame thereby which such supposed Surgeons have caused with their stitches and Tents truly the Magistrate should punish such fellows severely which do spoil the people in this manner Whether a cold or a hot dressing be better Now I come to speak of cold and hot dressings of which something hath been spoken already in the first part here are many abuses and faults committed Touching this business whether a Wound ought to be dressed cold or hot in my mind according to my experience it is best to dress it milk-warm Therefore care must be had that the Ointments Oyls and such like be used warm which pleaseth and fitteth Wounds best and to keep in these with bolsters and roulers c. The general fault herein is that many apply their Medicines as hot as ever they can thinking they do very well Hot dressing is hurt full especially when they apply their Cataplasmes made of marsh Mallows Lin seed Butter Oyl Milk Meal Rose cakes with such things they think to do great wonders Such Poultesses may do good when swellings are to be ripened and softned But to apply them to Wounds will cause but mischiefs Cause of putrefaction because such hot things applied cause putrefaction which in Wounds ought not to be For such Poultesses choak up Wounds which of necessity breeds corruption and when these are taken off from the Wound there comes a great fume from the Wound very moist and wet which is a sure fore-runner and sign of putrefaction caused by that suffocation which paineth the Wound exceedingly and bringeth Sign of it great hurt unto it And if it be a Joynt-wound there settleth usually a moisture about the Joynt where like a Tartar it doth coagulate thence is caused a lameness because that matter groweth harder and harder and taketh root there and all this is meerly caused by choaking the Wound with such hot Cataplasmes Experience sheweth sufficiently that when these pap-Cooks A stinking Bird stayes in the Nest with their Poultesses have healed a Wound where many veins and sinews lie commonly a stinking Bird stayeth behind in the Nest as I told you in the first part For how often doth it fall out that a wounded man being healed afterward is mightily pained and swelled which such Surgeons Pains and swellings in Wounds are not able to help for if such errors are not known of them whilst the Wound is open what wonders should these Surgeons perform after the Wound is closed Touching cold dressings they are not good but hurtful Cold dressing hurtful and are to be avoided because they cause cramps great pains in veins and sinews therefore at the dressing of Wounds a right warmth is used conformable unto Nature neither too hot nor too cold You say some Wounds are hot and some are cold and so they must be dealt withal accordingly as necessity requireth I reply that that heat or cold is not to be regarded for if good and proper Medicaments are used they cool the hot and warm the cold parts by their own vertue and quality Therefore if a Wound be hot do not think to drive away that heat by a cold dressing and so it is with a cold Wound for proper Medicines must do the fea● For as a Good Medicines do cool and warm cold thing quencheth not a fire but water and other liquid things doth it be the water hot or cold it is all one its moistness will quench it even so are good Medicines effected unto Wounds Therefore do not say this is cold and this is hot in the Wound but say it is a simptom Now as there is a variety of simptoms so they require several Medicaments and hot ones also as oyl of Turpentine Petroleum there are some hot Wounds also which ask for coolers according as occasion is which must be observed carefully And if there be any pains in the Wound then things are not right either the Patient hath done amiss or the Medicine was not proper or a simptom is coming on then the Medicine must be altered accordingly but no hot nor cold dressing is to be used CHAP. XV. Of cloven Nails on Fingers and of their cure SOmetimes the Nails on Fingers are cloven either the long or the cross way and are almost wholly loose And when they hang yet a little fast at the uttermost part you may cut it off but it will be long before another cometh for the flesh about the Nail commonly groweth high and hindereth the Nails growth if that hanging Nail be tied it is painful yet it may not so neatly be healed as a new one would

and stroaked the inside of the Leg and going to annoint it I applied a band where the Fracture was or else I had one that held that place strongly then I annointed the Leg very well above and below the Fracture alwayes warming my hands I never toucht the Leg with cold hands warming also the bands and plaisters and let the Leg hang down when I annointed it I did not gripe the Leg hard but the skin I stroaked freely More of this shall be said in the Chapter which handleth of exiccated Members I intend now to speak of swelled Fractures which are healed Of swelled Members and Joynts yet are still thick and gross and that one Joynt and Member is as heavy as two in the going or standing which thickness I took away without causing any pain I had several such swelled Members which amaze the beholder yet the Lord gave a blessing to their healing but some signs were left behind The reason why I speak now of swelled Members is because formerly I have written of exiccated Members these being contraries that Surgeons may take notice how to help these simptoms for that which is good for the one is nought for the other and a wet Bath is nought for both but in other things contraries are used viz. if you have in hand a withered and up-dried Member you must stroak it downwards and a swelled Member you must stroak upward at the dressing If in an Arm or Leg a humour remained and is not a swelling caused by some ulceration of a wounded and lamed part be it of a fall or a blow be the cause what it will either itch small pox imbroidered clothes hard and long labour or a long down-hanging of the Member or an ulcerated Fracture or a great scabbedness redness dropsie c. of all these I do not speak but of a humour of the body where there is neither redness anger nor water Here you may judge if you be judicious of what humour I do speak Such means must not be used spoken of formerly for swelled Members whereby the Patients Member would easily be mortified and death ensues upon Look well and consider what swellings are spoken of here all sorts of swellings are not yet related as among the rest the swellings of lamed Members which have neither spots nor biles or holes such may be drest in the manner spoken of and bound not so hard as the first Such simptoms are incident to Knees Elbows Shoulders Ankles but seldom to other places Lastly If a Flap-fracture be so great that whole pieces of the Leg come out you must not therefore cut off that Member When the bones are gone out as many would do but set the bones right again one upon another and let Nature provide for the rest These bones will grow together again but the Member groweth shorter I could quote many examples serving to that purpose where the two bones of the Leg were taken out some fingers breadth which were set again from below upward and were healed successfully but the Leg fell as much shorter as those pieces were long that came out CHAP. XXVII Of Arm-fractures above and below the Elbow how these ought to be drest and healed IF a Patient hath a broken Arm above or below the Elbow set him on a strong stool tie his sound Arm to the stool or let him be held strongly by that Arm that he may not interrupt you in your work and do it well at first that you may have no disgrace afterward and the Patient be put to further misery for if his Arm be not well set at first afterward you will hardly do it and the Joynt will be pained a long time which at first was not well set therefore presently stretch the dislocated Arm and set it well one upon another and having well set it then have good help about ye especially when you have in hand any great Fracture in Arms or Legs For the greater the Fracture is the stronger help you must have and one body alone is not sufficient unless your Patient be hearty and willing to endure when you are about to dress him let him lay his Arm on a cushion in his lap in the mean while be you ready with your plaisters splinters bolsters roulers needle and threed and stitch-plaisters as you heard above To an in-bowed Member you need but two splinters the one to lie to the bowing to keep in that raising or callusity and the other must lie opposite to it to be helpful to that which lieth on the bowing for one alone will not keep it down sufficiently But if the Fracture be great and on a strong Joynt and Member then you must use four splinters which will be the safest way for splinters will hardly be so broad as to keep the roulers off from in-printing and when four splinters are laid then the bands or roulers cannot come so nigh to it on that splinter which lieth on the raised place or bulk lay another smaller splinter it will hold the stronger and spread a little of the Fracture salve to it that it may not slide away for if you lay two splinters one upon another the one must be broader than the other to keep that raised part the better in and will slide off the less Have a care you do not bind it too hard nor too slack the hard binding is dangerous and destructive to the Member causing an inflammation and dying and a slack binding is hurtful also but not so much as the other causing a crookedness in the healing when the band yeildeth and the Fracture begins to raise or to slide though that raising may be helped but not so well as when it had been done well at first the Patient must lie very quiet neither stirring or turning much be the Fracture in the Arm or Leg. Though I speak here of in-bowed Members think not that I mean onely such for hereby you have further information for all other Fractures be they broken in what manner they will for an in-bowed Joynt or bone requireth as much toil as if it were quite broken there is a very small difference between a Fracture and an in-bowed bone a Fracture requireth care that it stir not and go asunder but an in-bowed bone if once pressed or turned right will keep so but so doth not a Fracture especially that above the Elbow and that on the Thigh that striveth alwayes to get out again for these bones commonly are somewhat crooked naturally that is the reason why it doth not keep its standing and that bone is in some straighter than in others Now if you can set right an in-bowed bone much more may you do it in a Fracture an in-bowed bone well set keeps the place but a plain Fracture hath more wayes to get out again I have seen also that in the looking to it I was put to more trouble then I had at the first setting it right it is not so with

had Patients which broke their Arms by turning in their beds and proved plain Fractures apparent to the eye and feeling It happened that at Nefel in Glaris I was to see a Boy to know what ailed him no body knew but I conceived what it might be though I knew not the manner of it I held it to come either from a blow fall c. But the Boy and the rest said it was grown so but I said it was a hurt be it done what time it would I intending to be gone his Nurse said to the Boy I remember you fell from the chest when you were ramping with another Boy and after that you complained Then he confessed saying I remember it for ever since I felt my self every day worse From hence we gather that Surgeons must not easily be misled though they say no hurt befel the Child it came of it self For Servants will conceal things when they let a Child fall or other wayes hurt it by their carelesness but when I felt the crack or swelling then they put it off saying it was done at night in their bed to shun their Masters displeasure nay Children themselves will conceal the true causes of their hurts for fear of offending their Parents And some Parents are superstitious supposing their Children are bewitched when they see their healing doth not come off soon enough Of a festered Nail which foolishly is called the steeping Worm what it is properly This Sore had several names put upon it because it was known but to few some call it a Worm of which opinion I am for such a sore may very well deserve such a name because it feeds like a Worm every day more and more and grows bigger because the marrow that prest thorough the bone cannot be reduced to its own place again from whence it once came it searcheth further and presseth so far that it must needs break out thorough the skin It is called a Worm because it gnaweth panteth and pulleth continually pricking causeth miserable pains before it comes to a ripeness and before the flesh putrifieth and dyeth Sometimes it fals out to the loss of that Joynt He that had such a Sore knoweth what to say of it In my Judgement it is a gnawing Worm and not a sleeping one as some put that name upon it because it doth cause no sleep to the party but keeps him awakened in pain and torments It is called also the not-named or a what 's you call an unknown Sore no body knows what it is Seeing it is unknown never had its true name put upon it then let it have its name and say this sore Finger is a cracked Fracture and it is so indeed let others say of it what they please I found it to be so And this Sore hath its original from thence if a Finger hath received wrong and the foremost bone is hurt then in time that naturall moisture desireth to get out by that little rent for as soon as a bone is cracked then it fals out so betwixt the bone and the flesh which covereth that bone and is tough and strong like a tendon where the fatness lieth and being it is removed from its place needs must it begin to putrifie and break through the flesh then pain and misery groweth on the bone inflameth and festereth From thence it comes into the flesh then sorrows begins and the Joynt must be taken off if on the Toe the Foot may be lamed if the sinew or joynt water comes to it which is clear and yellow causing more danger if that Sore goeth further a whole Member Hand or Foot may be lost or a whole Arm if not death follows altogether I have seen a Hand cut off by reason of such a cracked Fracture which being opened and searched the cause was found of all that mischief Hence we gather how from small Sores great simptoms may arise which indeed may well be called the not-named or what 's ye call it because their first cause or original is unknown Of a crackt Fracture on the Shin If there be a crack on the Shin it fals out that that crack inclineth to fester which maketh a hollowness that begins in time to be moist a hollowness being made the moisture soaketh lower if so then is the cause worse for though you should open that Sore where that matter is and you would heal it you will miss your aim do what ye can My advice is to open such a thing before the matter be settled to any place because that moisture breaks not forth so easily as it doth in any other Sore for it is a meer water and hardly turns to matter For when you open that hurt at the place where the Fracture is then you may the easier come at it then if you open it at a further distance from the crack and that crack will heal the sooner the nearer it be opened to the Fracture and in case you were to take out any bones were it not fitter there to do it there then at a further distance how shall the broken or loose bones get out if thus neglected and let alone till festered And the bones that are desirous to get out are commonly black stand seldom loose but hold fast and must be forced out with an incision Knife or other Instrument in case you will stay the bones leasure to get out of its own accord there is no way for them but by putrifaction if so then you may look for many of them it will prove a tedious cure and to no purpose for scarrs short Members haltings crooked bodies c. yea a perpetual sign it will leave behind Three or four Fractures thus opened are sooner cured than one which is not opened which I have seen several times A Quotation of notable examples of Sprains and small Bone-fractures which turned to great Sores Out of these following examples the Reader may see how such things might be prevented before they turn unto such simptoms About the year 1540. the whole Company of Surgeons at Zurich hath been baffled and put to a non-plus by Sprains and small cracked bones some whereof I will rehearse that were under cure a whole tvvelve moneths some six moneths some two years some more some less before they came to my hands these must be a warning to Novices in Surgery Some of the Patients may be a witness this present year 1563. what toil and moil what pains they were put to how their Members were cut off others condemned to be cut off Why By reason of a Sprain a small hurt or fall which brought some to a lameness some to a most painful halting and those were glad which came off with an ordinary or easie limping 1. A Taylors Widdow sprain'd her Foot after she had been plaistered and dawbed with Salves a long time the Surgeons resolved twice at a meeting to saw the Foot off but at last with much ado she was cured and her Foot saved

spirit corroding the sinewes bringing them into putrifaction whereby great holes and pains are caused I have met with such a party who was hurt in his finger his Surgeon could not allay the joint water because the sinewes were corroded and eaten whereby holes got into the hand and from thence even to the elbow pieces of putrified sinews were taken out This joint water his Surgeon could not stay it run up into the arm further and came into the shoulder the party dyed miserably of it Here let Sugeons take notice not to set so slieght by the joint water and to stay it in time how that may be done you shall hear An expert Surgeon must not be terrified by the joint water because it is the excrement of sinews and white veins let him endeavour to stay it with proper medicines which if right and good they will stay it within five dayes and the running of it is chiefly caused by improper medicines applyed and by the patients disorderly life Note the joint water cannot be reduced to a corruption which among ignorant Surgeons hath begotten that fowle abuse which they commit in the staying of it and is still in practise for they suppose that it can be stayed with exiccating things therefore they used Terra sigillata Bolus calcined Shells bones of Pickrels Egg shells of new hatched Chickens vinegar of Sloes c. some being taught by the Hangman burnt Cotton wool and thurst it thus burning into the wound some use Cantharides whereby they make it known that they never knew what joint water meaneth else they would never go so dreamingly about so weighty a matter I must confess that the manuall is of as great consequence as any Receipt may be I reject none of the means which they have learned because the vehement course of the joint water requireth sometimes such hasty stenching But if such wounds be drest in the way I told you of the joint vvater needs not to be feared To stay the joint water you may best conceive by these examples in what manner it is done Examples A Carpenter hurt himself against a piece of Timber I know not in what manner he was drest at first the joint water run out abundantly at the wound and about the wound many holes fell in which the Barbar Surgeon drest alwaies with tents and in his thinking he had done well But the extraodinary pains grew so much on the patient that he was fain to change his Surgeon because he saw that things grew worse with him and he sent for me whom with good success upon Gods blessing I drest and cured thus I warm'd my brown ointment let it run into all the places of the wound filled them up therewith afterward I drest him vvith stiptick Plaister after the manner of an Opodeldoch that nothing may run out of the vvound this I iterated three times a day I kept the vvound vvarm also and applyed a defensive plaister This continuing a vvhile the joint vvater vvas stayed after that I vvent to healing and proceeded succesfully in the cure Note this Master piece accompanied vvith much advantage the brown Ointment a true Master-plece if you think the depth of the vvound be such that the bottom of it cannot be fill'd out every where vvith the ointment then take my brown ointment boyle it to such a spissitude that you may make tents of it ●hurst it to the bottom of the vvound cover it vvell that nothing of it get out again apply a stiptick Plaister to it the inthrust tent vvill melt in the vvound joyne vvith the joint vvater repelling it back and vvill stay it more than any other ointment made of greasie things for the joint water being humid receiveth not easily any greasie thing but expels it vvithout any operation done But that brovvn ointment made of Vitriol is not greasie and easily uniteh with the joint vvater and being sharp consumeth the tuffness in the humidity and vvorketh more effectually This is the mean and plain way whereby I stay the joint water making use of no other means in case no other Symptomes came into This is the reason why I mentioned so often this brown Ointment to be used against the joint water and other Symptomes You shall hear more of it hereafter when I come to describe how this brown Ointment is to be prepared CHAP. VI. Of the false Joint water that is when another humor is joined with the joint water whereby many Surgeons are deceived THere is no disease of the body which if a party be wounded will make shew of in the wound this maxime Wound-disease will not sink into many mens brains let experience cry never so loud By diseases the joint water or radical humor is falsified when other humors are mingled with it and are driven forth at the wound This deceiveth unexperienced Surgeons maketh the● misse in their cures I have seen Surgeons though they had good judgement in joint water yet such incident humors put them to great perplexity The joint water comes from white veins or sinewes and hath its colour as it is known if other sharp humors are Colour of joint-water what it signifieth joined with it then it looseth its own colour inclining to a whay-colour and is tuff like the white of an Egg sometimes it is of a ●uddy or flesh coluor sometimes it looks like oyle tinging the ravelings of linnen about the tents It is known by experience that the white colour of it brings the greatest danger commonly causing a Palsie to that member and the other humor joined with it hath its cause from the head The red matter which holdeth longest here intimateth a humor falling from the liver milt and reins The yellow water which causeth the greatest pains comes from the yellow Jaundice or from the gall If a Surgeon is about the staying of such a joint water and another humor be joined with it it is hardly repelled or stayed as long as these humors are joining with it Therefore Surgeons must endeavour to prepare their medicines Note the cure of the joint water accordingly that those humors coincident with the other may be taken away suppose the humor come from the head then the medicine must be Cephalical and so with the rest must be proceeded The manner of this cure is thus If a humor accompanieth white the joint water which came from the head then this subsequent remedy I found to be best for the party Viz. The fume of Storax Calamintha mingled with some Amber which the party took down at his mouth going to bed in a funible or pipe This may be used two or three dayes then look whether it do stay that white water if not then use it once more to cleanse the head the better of that white humor for that fume is very proper for the head item other specifica proper for the head may be used In the intrim let the wound be dressed as it

Bloud which forsook their natural places as veins turneth to water and if there be no great quantity of such water-bloud it will be exiccated by natural applyed medicines and quite expelled But if you use much of greasie things and many wet Cataplasmes as some Surgeons usually do it will not onely be to no purpose but also cause perillous Symptomes for such applyed greasie wet Poultesses force the congealed bloud to turn unto corruption What wil that prove but a dangerous Imposthumation which after a long time in great pains breaks if it falls out so well sometimes it turns to a Fistula or other Ulcer yea sometimes such anger is caused that death ensueth upon Thus much of this one thing more I add a pulverise Potion may be used here also it will hasten the healing and ease the Patient the sooner CHAP. VIII Of Synptomes which are incident unto congealed Blood to be expelled by inward means THings spoken of in the precedent Chapter touching congealed Bloud are to be understood thus they concern such parties that find themselves well besides the trouble they are at of congealed bloud In our language I know not whether any sufficient information is extant touching this particular and I think it not amiss to give some hints of it If congealed Bloud in the body be left there so long till Congealed blood in the body it turn into matter then the aforesaid means will not help as being too weak Surgeons either out of carelesness or out of ignorance let their Symptomes run on If in the side back breast or a vein be broken be it about the milt liver or any other part and that sprained or broken vein bled very much but that bloud doth not run into the belly but sticks between flesh and skin and is nearer to the inside than to the skin and makes little shew at the outside and may be nearer the liver or milt however it is betwixt the flesh and the skin and there it putrifieth and comes to ulceration this will not be cured nor helped by purging c. Reader understand it thus if nature be opprest by abundance of bloud or neglected by Surgeons of these we intend not to speak For nature is able to expel it of her own strength The four outer parts of the body may be opprest with congealed bloud caused by a fall throw c. if neglected or by Surgeons dawbing brought to ulceration then the things spoken of in the precedent Chapter avail nothing therefore other medicaments must be had of which I will give you a hint Note one thing there is but one process be the hurt from what cause it will either from the superfluity of bloud or the Patients carelesness or the neglect of the Surgeon I will be orderly in my instruction and tell you the best way how to help congealed bloud in the body which is turned into corruption if the Imposthume be not absolutely within the body but more to the outside and that befals the four outer parts of the body either through the Patients or the Surgeons fault Then if that congealed bloud begins to putrifie it may be Signes of congealed blood known by signes the Patient wil feel it at his side whether it will come to any Imposthume he may know it also by the matter he brings up whether in clots and stinking if so then that congealed bloud begins to putrifie Such a party must not be delayed but speedily be taken into cure for delayes will make it run on to an Imposthume which must break at last If it comes to that then the party is neglected and the help will come too late for Nature having once begun to cast up that matter then she must be aided As I told you above so I say still when these foresaid signes are apparent then the named remedies will availe nothing because the Imposthumation is too sturdy for them and goes on in growing For putrified bloud goeth slowly out of mans body infecting other parts as the lungs liver milt c. Besides a dangerous cough will be incident which will breed mischief mischief therefore other means must be thought upon Tonching my medicine I tell you thus if congealed bloud be in the body and that within the hollow of it then use not Mercury spoken of afterward Diaphoreticks are to be used But if the Wound was not into the hollow body and none of the inward parts is hurt then these things may be used which I will speak of If the case be such as was told now then first make a gentle purging drink of sirup of Roses to give the Patient two stools the second day minister to him in ʒ ss of succus Rosarum 5 6 7 or 8 grains of the following prepared Mercury still regarding the Patients condition and let him lye still when it begins to work let the patient take some spoonfuls of broth and two hours after he may eat a broth into which two yolks of Eggs are beaten afterward let him take his rest and sweat upon This Mercury may safely be used if it fumeth up but once and that very gently according as he meets with an Mercuries operation object above in the body but it purgeth bravely by stool carrying away the congealed bloud and other filth though it had been an Imposthume it must go with a gentle stirring not so as usually precipitated Mercury doth If you are an Artist you wil prepare this Mercury in my way and you may prepare also somewhat of Antimony But Vitrum Antimonij is nought here by reason of its strong vomiting quality I tell you without Chymical preparations congealed bloud will not be eradicated out of the body if turn'd to an Imposthume The next day after the ministration of this purge phlebotomize the party provided Phlebotomie if the party cannot tell where his greatest pain lyeth then breath the Median of the right arm or open the Liver vein on the right arm if the party complaines of his left side then open the Spleen vein on the left arm This being Diaphoretick done and the patient is not wel yet as it fals out commonly then take the precious red Balsam of Sulphur whose preparation you find above in the Chapter of breast Wounds four or five drops of it and ℥ 1 of the Aquavitae described in Wound-diseases mingle these let the Patient drink it and sweat upon This Diaphoretick may be used twice or thrice once a day and so long till the party be eased of his pains Thus you will do much good Reader this is the remedie I opposed such malignant and mortal Symptoms with True I have seen other process with Pills Potions c. whereby congealed blood is expelled but these waies were to little purpose I neither reject nor condemn the means others do use Mercury is thus prepared ℞ ℥ 1 of Mercu●●●urged with salt and water taking away all his blackness ●●d impuritie put it into a

then is it a sure sign that the Synonia or moisture from the sinews doth separate and beginneth to be in a furie In this case tarry not but instantly lance that part and How to proceed in this case give vent where you think it to be best till to the hollowness within and to squeeze out that water or matter it had been well if it had been lanced sooner experience must teach you how to deal herein for it is impossible to set all down in writing the work will put the manuals upon you Then thrust a propertent into the Wound well covered with the brown ointment and prepared Verdigriece then apply about the wound a defensive plaister But forbear to apply any hot Cataplasmes as usually they do because the strong heat of them causeth putrifactions and suffocations to the sinews But in case the matter diminisheth not still increaseth and the swelling retreateth further then is it a sure sign that the sinews and veins are all inflamed In this case above the swelling there must be made another incision and mix the brown Ointment with the Balsam of sweet Arsenick make tents of it as you heard above about the brown Ointment thrust these tents into the uppermost hole once a day then the anger of it will be allayed and the dying of the sinews shall creep no further then other convenient means may be used of good wound Ointments c. and so go on with the cure so long till the ill be separated Remember to continue the brown Ointment to the end of the cure for fear of a relapse The mischiefs which those do cause that undertake the curing of such things which they do not understand ought Abuses what hurts they cause not to be past over in silence being a thing of great concernment Those that understand not these hurts use this process they presently apply to such hurts warm Cataplasms though their swelling still goeth back yet they still continue their poultesses but to what purpose they give cause to putrifaction suffocating the sinews others make their experiments upon with annointing fomenting bathing c. but to little purpose because they know not what lyeth hid under it When all these will not help they made use of and the Abuse committed ignorantly pain encreaseth still and the swelling also incroacheth more and more upon the body and all turneth to nought then they conceive where the fault lyeth and lance that place and let run out what will But their judgment faileth them not knowing from whence that matter cometh and so they cannot hit the nail on the head but give leave to the matter as much as it will run forth not considering the tuffness and clamminess of the matt●● and sometimes ravelings of the sinews come out also which they not regarding goe on with their old raggs though that be an apparent sign that the sinews veins lig aments within do rot that is an Inflamation hath taken hold on the sinews If this misery be not remidied then the sinews will be burnt away to the body whereby great heat and feaver is caused And that joint also being bereaved of its food it had from the sinews then the cold fire will get into which bringeth death upon the party For though that member be dismembred yet all the other sinews are taken with the flame and draw on into the body which puts the party to death miserably For this fire is of another nature than the cold fire is occasioned by other causes Other Inflamations can be discerned in time and prevented from running further and by dismembring can be remedied but the foresaid inflamations do not appear so plainly to the eye and are not taken notice of but when they have all inflamed and cannot be remedied These I make mention of to inform how by carelesness great mischiefs are caused no other as when by a small fire a whole Town or House is set on fire and burnt down if not quenched CHAP. XV. Of swellings of Wounds after they were healed and what it meaneth and bow they must be handled THe causes of the several swellings in and about Wounds ought to be known to Surgeons Formerly I have spoken of some kinds of such swellings at this time I will give a hint of two kinds of them not as yet mentioned In the first place it is to be noted that all kind of swellings do not come into the number of dangerous Symptomes those are of the dangerous ones when sinews bones joints c. are grievously wounded 〈◊〉 ●re not onely the wound but all other parts thereabout are ●welled of that sort having a natural cause of its swellings I intend not to speak of because if the wound doth frame well to healing the rest in time will pass away The other sort of swelling coming after healing I intend to give a hint of Viz. An utter joints muscle being wounded and well healed was by the Surgeon kept too hot and with Cataplasmes suffocated after which such a wound begins to swell at the beginning being without pains when toucht nor altering the colour Such a swelling passeth away in tow or three weeks time but leaveth behind a pain which continueth with an increase and the swelling being quite gone it is found that on that joint a great deal is tender and that hapneth as it were in a sleep not payning the party For to prevent this swelling and to hinder that consuming A plaister to prenent the tenderness or up-drying and updrying of the joint much salving dawbing annointing c. they have used but I never saw any which hath done more good then the ensuing Receipt ℞ meal of Fig beanes ℥ 1 meal of common Beans ℥ 3 well beaten Orras ℥ 1 pulverised Marigold flowers ℥ ¼ gum Amoniack ℥ ¼ boil these to a spissitude with vinegar ad to it of distilled Annise seed oyle ℥ 3 of emplastrum Diaguilon ℥ 5 the emplastrum must first be melted and then with the said oyle be mingled and stirred with the Cataplasme spread a cloth with it answerable to the bigness of the swelling apply it warm in few dayes the svvelling will be assvvaged and no exiccation vvill ensue Because the vertue of the Plaister expels and outdravveth all humors before they shall come to any settlement in such places There are other means expelling vvinds and humors viz. Annise Fennel Carravvay seeds c. as also Diuratick means may de used Surgeons ought to order themselves herein as they see occasion There is yet another sort of svvelling viz Some receive a vvound vvhere no sinevv is vvounded yet that being healed the party cannot bow that joint in which some raising there is but is not a perfect swelling and the party feeleth no pains This is incident 〈◊〉 ●●ch that were wounded iether in the Hand or Foot where some humor or other is settled to that wounded joint and this befals those usually that are troubled with the stone

some call it the shaking or quaking doubtless because it seizeth on the patient with a quaking as if it were an ague For my part I know not what other name to give it nor why I should hold it for any other should I call it an Anthrax or no it may assoon and as easie be Anthrax cured as an Anthrax a futher discourse of it I commit to the learned let them dispute of it so long till they find a true and proper name for it if my opinion herein should be required I should say that it is a special sort of Wound disease because its cure is almost like the great Wound disease only it requireth no such great toyling To know and to discern this simptom note I know as yet not any fundamental or reall sign of it whereby to discern Signes its coming not unless it be come For that reason I will not speak here what others do think of doubtless it hath its signes whereby it may be discerned every one is to have his own observations about it if I meet with any I shall be ready to let the Reader know it Where ever this simptom is fallen in it appeareth and is conditioned in the following manner First the patient feeleth a shivering no other as if it were an Ague But upon this shaking there doth not follow neither heat nor head ach as it is usual in the ordinary great Wound disease unless the wound be in the head which distinction or difference ought to be carefully observed as being of great consequence An extream misery and pain befals the wound with panting and beating making the wound extreamly out of order Within the wound where the greatest pain is there appeareth a bright blister but somewhat darkish if the wound be deep and it being made with a thrust then the blister cannot alwaies be seen therefore the judgement of it must be taken from the cold pain caused by the chilliness But in case the foresaid blister be not in the wound but without or beside it then is it brown of the bigness of a pea is full of blood and feeleth hard with a hard swelling round about the wound having no ill colour If these be let alone then the said blister falls again inwards gets a hole leaving a scarre after it very white with a darkish ring presently after there appears black spots and look like the cold fire by and by there followeth upon a great heat and vehement head ach then ensueth a palsie next is death There is exactly to be observed also that if a patient is Note taken with a Wound gall so I name it now he hath no desire to turn this and that way and as they say to hop up and down as those do which are troubled with the great Wound disease but he lyeth still and stands out his time not without great complaining by reason of the continued increasing pain For if he stirreth then his pain increaseth and is forced to be quiet against his will Touching the cure of this simptom it is thus Take of the prescribed Aquavitae â„¥ 1 Oculi cancrorum Ê’ 1 which Cure must be well grinded mingle these let the patient drink it cover him well cause him to sweat in his bed for this sweat is of great concernment if the patient be loth to sweat or is difficult for him to do yet however you must keep him to it for no sooner the sweat cometh then he will be at ease About the wound apply the Anodyne ointment and let some of it be put into it in case you do not see the blister within apply to the wound a stiytick plaister in which must be no Rasom or any such thing which is of an attractive quality for the patient would thereby be put to more smarting pains which would prejudice the party Assoon as he hath done sweating then plebotomize him next to the place where he is wounded and let the vein run reasonable well doubtless the pains in the wound will be allayed after which you may cure the party with more facility Let him forbear meats hot of spices And because the blister being broken by sweating and is no more mortall maketh still the wound disformed so that it groweth brown and weeping then it will be requisite that you use the brown ointment for one or two daies till the wound be well cleansed then go on with the cure according to Art CHAP. XIX Of the third sort of Wound disease called the pulling and unquietness in the wound THis Symptom is known unto expert Surgeons and it hath its name answerable unto its deed I should have written of it afore before I had told of the other sorts and that the rather because the great wound disease which I have described at first commonly is caused from thence but I purposely delayed it to this place for some reasons For though the great wound disease thus I call the first sort for distinction sake and others also call it by that name is caused sometimes of or by this last sort which for some reasons I call the unquiet yet this also is true that the wound disease for the most part cometh into the wound whereas the unquietness hath not yet been felt in the wound This unquietness though it be bad and dangerous enough yet is it no so perrilous as the great wound disease therefore it requireth the less care than the other in respect of the pains which are not so grievous Touching other things together with the cure there is found also a great difference easie to be discerned by him which taketh notice of From whence that unquietness cometh into the wound From whence that Unquiet in the wound is needless to make any further discourse of it Even the same cause which causeth the great wound disease causeth also the unquietness in the wound and that sooner and suddainly therefore the unquietness cometh sooner into the wound than the great or first sort of wound disease which usually cometh then when the patients wound beginneth wholly to come off at the end When that unquietness is coming into the wound then Signes shieverings and chlilliness runneth over the patient which are not so vehement with quaking as other sorts of wound diseases usually do This cold shaking runneth about a long time in the body afterward it setleth to the wounded member or joint from thence into the wound where it causeth horrible pains with heat cold insomuch that the patient doth not know what ayleth him The wounded member he is not able to rest it any where Why it is called unquietness still shifting from place to place hoping to find ease in one place or other Therefore this wound disease is called unquietness because the patient still moveth the wounded joint like the jack of a watch doth move If the wound be on the body it s not the better because the patient will stir himself to and fro

keep wounds oopen thereby make them of linnen cloth cover them with an Unguent mingled with burnt Allum c. then they will bite round about and make an open place My advise is that medicins should be conveyed to the bottom of the wound and not onely to dawb the Tents therewith and Tents used to spoiled wounds are such which of themselves melt within the wound These are thrust home to the bottom of it Melting tents and to the upper place of the wound there is laid another made of linnen to keep in the first Tent that it come not forth before it is melted of such Tents I have made mention afore hoping to speak more largely of it in another place when I shall publish my Cures about wound Fistula's and the like Sores Of Corrosives To use Cauteries to fresh wounds is needless and hurtful and spoils a fresh wound wholly and does no good Cauteries are not good to be used at all neither in Blood stenching or other occasions Corrosives have poisoned many wounds turning them to a Fistula Cancer Noli me tangeri Corrosives do wound bones and are the cause why such a wound cannot be healed and turns to a Fistula they inflame sinews and cause many other mischiefs Surgeons usually corrode with sublimed mercury which Sublimed Mercury is a great abuse and misunderstanding for Mercury doth not bite the salts do it which he received in the subliming these corrode the broad way causing smarting pains Mercury ought not to be used at all to fresh wounds Others use crude Arsenick and some do sublime it but it is as hurtful to fresh wounds as Mercury is some use the caput mort of Aquafort and otheres use the red calcined Vitriol all these are naught to wounds Nature desires quietness will not be disquieted by such evil medicines sweet and gentle things are to be used here and not to press Nature with sharp Corrosives I never used any stronger Corrosive to wounds but quenched Allum true I hold that Extinguisht Allum Arsenick is to be used to spoiled wounds but my way of preparing of it is that it deserves no more the name of a Corrosive or venome it separates the ill from good not Arsenicks operation causing any pain The Brown Unguent performs all what is to be done about wounds as you heard above in want Brown Unguent of this Unguent you may use Vnguentum Egyptiacum provided there be no Allum in it or a very little as some use it But this Egyptiack Unguent is not to be compared in any degree with the Brown Unguent How to prepare Arsenick that it may safely be used Arsenick ought not to be used crude being a meer venome Arsenick how prepared its operation is answerable to its preparation usually it is prepared thus Take of Christallin Arsenick â„¥ 2 of Saltpeter â„¥ 2 grind them well together put it in a melting pot make a circular fire about it let it melt and let the smoak and fume go away increase the fire that it be red hot let it stand thus two or three hours then cast into it of yellow Sulphur Ê’ 1 this being done cast it forth on a marble set it in the Cellar it dissolves in few dayes that liquor keep in a glass for use Thus I close this Fourth Part true I could have quoted many other things but I purposely avoided prolixity being Conclusion this Book is already grown bigger than I inrended it should Reader I hope these will be an occasion to you to regulate your self in other things intreating you to accept in good part this my labour which was to be servicible to others The bad things in it must be ascribed to Man for the good things in it God is to be thanked and praised FINIS Of the Fourth and Last Part of this Book of Surgerie The Childrens Book OF FELIX WVRTZ A famous and expert Surgeon This Book was never published till now Treating of infirmities and defects of new born Children and of the faults and abuses which wet or dry Nurses commit among and against little Children and of Medicins and Cures of such Children which receaved hurt in that way Written for young Surgeons wet and dry Nurses Maid Servants and other parties to whose trust and overlooking little Children are committed MY purpose is to communicate an usual little Treatise concerning the infirmities of new born Babes and sucking Children which are befallen them by the neglect of wet and dry Nurses or else brought them into the world from their mothers wombe In the first place I will speak something how Midwives wet and dry Nurses ought to be conditioned that they may the better deal with such little Children or Babes even as it becomes an understanding sober godly Woman Such Women to whose trust little Babes are committed Duties of such Women ought to be pious honest modest and civil in words works and manners she must be one that hath been a Mother of Children and is expert in those waies for experience is the Mistriss of things and there is more credit to be given to experienced Women than to such which know things by hearsay Therefore if a Midwife be a Woman of credit and fidelitie and hath endured in her own body anguish miseries and pains which others neither can nor will beleeve because they never endured any torments in their own bodyes neither may they hear nor have heard of the like those that had such things befallen them know what they are neither is there any need to tell unto such what miseries pains and torments mean and those that were never in such perrilous cases may hold their tongues and not speak of it jeeringly or contemptibly It falls out often that in such dangerous travails one three or two loose their lives besides the loss a good Husband hath in his Wife and poor Children in their Mother c. And in case such parties may escape with their lives in hard travails yet are they so pulled and torn that they are made unfit for any work which otherwise might have better been preserved if honestly and faithfully they had been dealt withal This I speak not as an invective against others let every one look to it what they are instrusted withal and make a conscience in their waies remembring also that they must be accountable unto God for it then they need not to be put in mind of it by my words I beseech every pious Matron not to take ill the things I speak of for what I intend here is for the good of little Children which cannot complain of their griefs but by crying For it is most certain that Children will not cry unless How Babes reveal their griefs they ail somewhat because it is more ease for them when quiet and they are not able to make their complaints any other way but by crying Hence we are to note that assoon as man is born into the