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A07886 A discourse of trade, from England vnto the East-Indies answering to diuerse obiections which are vsually made against the same. By T.M.; Discourse of trade, from England unto the East-Indies. Mun, Thomas, 1571-1641. 1621 (1621) STC 18255; ESTC S101128 32,159 66

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Preachers of the Gospell yearely with good summes of money and diuers other acts of charitie which are by them religiously performed euen in the times now of their worst fortunes for all which I hope there shal be a reward vnto them and theirs And so I come to the fift part of this third Obiection And here I must intimate how much they are deceiued who thinke that Spices and Indico are no better cheape in England now then in times past before the East India trade began For it is an vndoubted truth that in those dayes we often payd 6. shillings or more for a pound of Pepper and seldome or neuer lesse then three shillings and sixe pence the pound whereas since the Trade hath come directly from the Indies it hath beene bought commonly at seuerall prices betweene 16. pence and two shillings the pound but I will make the difference of price appeare more plainely by setting downe the quantities of Spices and Indico which are yearely spent in the Realme of England together with the lowest prices which they were wont to sell at when wee brought them from Turkey and Lixborne and the like concerning their vsuall prices now that wee bring them from the East Indies directly And first as from Turkey 400000. ll of Pepper at 3.s. 6.d. the ll 70000.l. 00.s. 00d 40000. of Cloues at 8.s. the ll 16000 00 00. 20000. of Maces at 9.s. the ll 9000 00 00. 160000. of Nutmegs at 4. s. 6d the ll 36000 00 00 150000. of Indico at 7.s. the pound 52500 00 00.   183500 00 00 And the selfe same quantity and sorts of wares are commonly sold at the prices here vnder written now in these later times 400000. ll of Pepper at 20d. the ll 33333.l. 06. s. 08. d 40000. of Cloues at 6d. the ll 12000 00 00. 20000. of Maces at 6.s. the ll 6000 00 00. 160000. of nutmegs at 2.s. 6d the ll 20000 00 00 150000. of Indico at 5.s. pound 37000 00 00.   108333. 06 08 So that this Trade in Spice and Indico onely doth saue the Kingdome yearly 74966.l. 13.s. 04.d. which is a matter worthy to be obserued and so much the rather because it is a certaine truth that lesse then a quarter part of this sum of mony which is thus saued yearely shall buy in the Indies the full quantitie of all the seuerall sorts of wares before written which doe serue for a yeares prouision for this Realme of England but still it must be remembred that the custome impost wages victuals shipping and other charges which are to be added will be a greater summe then the mony which is paid for these wares in the Indies but as I haue noted before the said charges doe not consume the Kingdomes stocke although it doth greatly abate the Merchants gaine And to conclude this point I will adde vnto that which hath beene said that the commodities onely which we now send yearely into the East Indies and Persia are of sufficient value there to returne vs Indico Spices Drugs and all other sorts of Indian wares Raw-Silkes of Persia only excepted for one yeares consume or more in this Kingdome So that now all the money which is sent forth in our Ships doth procure an ouer-plus of the said wares to the furtherance of Trade from India hither and after from hence to forreine parts againe to the great imployment of the Subiects and inriching of this Realme both in Stocke and Treasure all which is matter very worthy to be diligently obserued And so I come to giue answere vnto the fourth and last Obiection The fourth Obiection It is generally obserued that his Maiesties Mint hath had but little imployment euer sithence the East India Trade began Wherefore it is manifest that the onely remedie for this and so many euils besides is to put downe this Trade For what other remedie can there be for the good of the Common-wealth The Answer This fourth obiection may be deuided into three parts 1. An euill declared 2. A remedie propounded 3. And counsell demaunded And first concerning the Euill or want of Siluer I thinke it hath beene and is a generall disease of all Nations and so will continue vntill the end of the world for poore and rich complaine they neuer haue enough but it seemeth the maladie is growen mortall here with vs and therefore it cries out for remedie Well I hope it is but imagination maketh vs sicke when all our parts be sound and strong For who knoweth not the inestimable treasure of this Kingdome in Plate possessed by the people thereof almost of all degrees in such measure as neuer hath beene seene in former ages And for his Maiesties Mint it is well knowne that there hath beene coyned in fiue yeares together since the East India Company began 6214. pounds waight of Gold and 311384. pound waight of sterling Money all which Gold and Siluer doe amount vnto the summe of 1213850. pounds of sterling Money How then doth this Trade turne the currant and imployment of the Mint But vpon the sight of this truth perhaps it will be said That wee must resort vnto the present times the Mint being idle now To which I answer That likewise the Mint had little or no imployment for coynage of Siluer in former times when the said Company did not export aboue fifteene or twenty thousand pounds sterling at the most per annum no nor yet in the yeares 1608. and 1612 when in the former they shipped out but 6000.l. 00. s. 00d. and in the latter but 1250.l. 00. s. 00.d. sterling So that both waies we see that the Mint hath had very great imployment fiue yeares together sithence the East India Trade began and also it hath beene without imployment diuers yeares when the East India Company haue sent away but very small summes of money wherefore of necessitie there must be some other causes and meanes whereby our Siluer is not exported onely but also it is not imported into the Realme as in former times For we haue not had the meanes by our owne plentie not by the scarsitie of our neighbours for the space of the last foureteene yeares together to send out hundreds of Ships laden with Corne as in times past which was returned home in Siluer but rather of late yeares as is much to be feared a great quantitie of our money hath beene carried out of the Kingdome for that Corne which hath beene brought vs from the East Countries and other places to supply our wants Thus times doe change and our fortunes change with them neither list I to make this matter plainer by setting downe those meanes which heretofore brought vs store of money euen out of France and other places which now are ceased But without any further medling in the Mint I will come to the remedie which some propound by putting downe the East India Company But heere our comfort is that
Neither is it needfull for me to set downe the particulars of these abuses for they are too well knowne and I am confident that the wisedome of our Gouernment doth endeuour to see them as well amended to the glorie of God the honour of the King and the good of the Common-wealth Amen FINIS The First part concerneth the vse of Indian wares Sir Thomas Elyot his Castle of health Rembert Dodoneus his history of Plants The French Academy second part and others France and the Low Countries of late yeares do make great quantities of wrought silke of which wares they were heretofore serued from Italy France Italy South Barbary and other Countries The Second part Sheweth the manner the meanes by which Indian wares haue beene and now are brought into Europe b Rates vpon all sorts of Spices 22. per cent Rawe-Silkes esteemed about 2. per cent Indico about 8. per cent Such people as affect not the good of this Kingdome The quantitie of Spice Indico and Persian Raw-Silke yeerely consumed in Europe The exportation of the value of 953543. l. starling out of Christendome into Turkey yeerely saued Instance only that ten shillings imployed in Pepper in the East-Indies will require thirty and fiue shillings for all charges whatsoeuer to deliuer it in London The great Summes of money which the Persians and the Indians carrie yeerely out of Turkey The East-India Companie doe endeauor to bring the Raw-Silkes from Persia directly by Sea Marcellis sendeth yeerely to Aleppo Alexandria at least 500000. l. sterling and little or no wares Venice sendes about the value of 100000. l. and a great value in wares The Lowcountries sends about the value of 50000. l. sterling monies and litle wares Messina 25000. l. in ready money Abissians a people in Ethiopia whose influence hath made them dull lazy and without artes enioying diuers Mines of Gold and one of Siluer which doe procure their wants of forren wares Turkey hath litle meanes for Linnen but onely from India The proceedings of some States in Italy for the maintenance of Artes. The ready moneys which are yearly carried from some States of Italy into Sicilia How Marcellis and Venice are furnished with ready moneys The Italyan Merchants doe furnish the king of Spaine with money in Italy and Flanders The third part doth shew how the East-India Trade doth enrich this Kingdome How much money and wares the East-India Company haue sent forth euer sithence the beginning of this Trade The vent of English wares increased in the Indies Our stock may be much increased by Trade from Port to Porte in the Indies The moneys sent to the Indies is all forren Coyne The East-India Companie are obliged to bring in as much money as they carry out of the Realme Tobacco Raysons Oyles and Wines whereof there is no want but rather too much Smoake A propotion of such Trade as is hoped yeerely to be brought into this Realme from East-India How much the kingdomes stocke may increase yeerely by trading to the East-Indies 2500. Tonnes of shipping wil lade home all the wares afore written from the East-Indies And the materialls of the said shipping vnwrought is worth about 15000 l. sterling India wares wil bring readie moneys into the Realme We haue no other meanes to procure Treasure but by Trade and Merchandize The French and the Venetians send the vallue of 600000. l. sterling yeerely in ready money into Turkey Trade maketh some States very rich which haue little other meanes If the generall Trade of this kingdome doth export a greater value in wares then it doth import yearely then doth our treasure increase The trade to the East-Indies may be said to export 480000 poundes and to importe 120000. l. yearely So the ouerballance is 360000. poundes sterling Euery action ought especially to be considered in his ende The East-Indian wares which were sent beyond the seas are sould and haue then finall end in money which might be brought into this Realme in that kind if our other Trades did not diuert the same The first part concerneth the folly of the Obiection The prouidence of the East-India company for timber and Planke The East-India Trade hath not indeared the materialls which serue to make Shippes The second Part sheweth the mistaking in the Obiection The warlike prouision which the East-India Companie keepe in store His Maiesties strength in the East-India Company alone The shippes which returne from the East-Indies home may be repayred in a very short time The first Part concerneth Dearth The manner how the East India Company do victuall their ships The Second Part concerneth Mortality Good Marriners are accounted worthy men in a Common-wealth The breeding of 400. Marriners yearely Besides that the feare of a few mens death ought not to ouerthrow or hinder the performance of honourable actions for the seruice of the King and cōmonwealth Our Marriners owne disordered life is that which killeth many of them The third Part concernes the decay of shipping which haue beene sent to the Indies Our troubles with the Dutch The summe of the affaires to the East Indies euer since the Trade began Account of all the money and goods which hath been sent to the East Indies euer since the beginning of the Trade 356288. l. sterling hath been returned from the East Indies which did produce here towards charges 1914600. sterling There remains yet in the East Indies to be returned home from thence about 400000 l. starling Concerning the decay of shipping and Trade into Turkey The Turkey Merchants can and will iustify this truth The strength of the East India ships The fourth Part concernes the pouerty of widdowes c· The East India Trade doth employ many poore men deboist people which other trades refuse Wages before hand is not giuen in other Merchants voyages neither yet so great wages as the East India company pay When did any of these widdowes beg for reliefe in our Churches as others often doe The East India company their charity The fift Part concerneth the cheapnesse of Spice and Indico at this present in respect of former times Prices of spice and Indico in former times Prices of spice and Indico in these later times Lesse then 18. thousand pounds sterling in the Indies will buy Spice and Indico to serue this Realme for a yeare which is not halte so much money as it spendeth beyond the seas to buy Currans onely or to buy Tobacco The wares only which are sent out of this kingdome into the East Indies are of sufficient value to 〈…〉 this Realme 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Indian wares Persian Raw Silkes only accepted The first Part concerneth his Maiesties Mint 25000. pounds waight at least of Siluer yearely melted down into Plate besides old Plate new fashioned as by credible report There hath bin coyned great store of Gold Siluer in his Maiesties Mint since the East India Trade began There hath bin little or no Siluer coyned in some yeares when the East India Company sent out very small sums of money Some causes and meanes which were wont to bring Siluer into the Realme are ceased at this present time The Second Part concerneth the putting downe of the East India Trade The East-India Trade is greatly desired by other Christian Nations The Dutch might grow strong and rich by our destruction The Third Part concerneth the councel which the Obiecters demaund The riches of a Kingdome is of two sorts This kind of industry maketh some Countries which are poor in themselues to grow rich and strong by other Nations who haue greater meanes and are lesse industrious Foure Principall Causes which carry away our Gold and Siluer The First Cause concerneth the Standard Proceeding against entercourse The Second Cause concerneth the Exchanges of moneys with forreine Countries The practise of those strangers here in this Realme who make a Trade by Exchange of moneys Forraine wares brought in with our ready moneys carryed out of this Realme· The third cause concerneth neglect of duties Our heauy money is conueyed beyond the seas and melted downe here in the realme Anno 17. Edw. 4. The fourth cause concerneth our cōmerce with strangers Vnskilfull Merchants ouerthrow our Trades Merchants by education are onely fit to trade in forren parts How rich cōmonwealths may become poore Forrain wares brought in for Transito cannot hurt but greatly helpe the common-wealth Hopes to increase Trade by exportation of Indian wares to forrain parts The particular Trade to the East Indies wil bring great store of treasure into this Realme if the generall Trade of this kingdome doe not hinder and consume it The Dutch in particular are said to reape such infinite wealth yearely by this fishing Trade that without more certain knowledge thereof I dare not set downe the sum it seemeth so vncredible