Trusty and well known Inhabitant of the same City to the Wife of the Inn-keeper with Order he should say Your Husband desires you would send him such a Bag of money for he has special occasion for it and by this token that this is his Hat The Woman delivers it without scruple and he returns with it to the Emperor who then calling the Merchant shews him the Bag and asks if he knew it The man owns it with Joy The Emperor then calls in the Host and says thus This man complains of you and accuses you of perfidiousness and falshood what say you to it The Inn-keeper replyed That the Merchant told him lies or else was mad and that he neither hath nor ever had any thing to do with him The Emperour upon this immediately produceth the Bag at the sight of which the Host is confounded his confidence and Tongue fail him and thereupon he confessed the whole matter The Merchant received his Money and the Inn-keeper besides the shame and disgrace was fined by the Emperor in a good Sum of Money Rodolphus extolled for his Wisdom the same of this Action spreading it self through all Germany Lipsius Monit l. 2. LXXXIII Of the like nature is the following History related by N. Causin A Roman Lady left Widow by the death of her Husband had a Son born of this Marriage secretly stoln from her and bred up in Slavery in another Province where being grown up to a young man he had notice that he was the Son of such a Lady in Rome which caused him to take a Voyage to Rome with a purpose to make himself known to her which he did by evident Tokens so that the Mother received him into her house with Joy and Tears for the recovery of her loss She was at this time betrothed to a man who had often promised her Marriage yet never accomplished it and this Lover was then absent detained by urgent Affairs far from Rome At the end of thirty days he returned and finding this New-Guest in her house â—emanded who he was She freely answered He was her son But he plainly told her That if she sent not away this found Child from her Lodging she should never have any share in his Affection The unhappy Creature surprized with Love to serve his Passion renounceth her own Bowels and banished her own Child from his Mothers House The young man being in great necessity hastens to require Justice of King Theodorick He sends for the Lady who stoutly denied all the pretensions of this young man saying That he was an ingrateful Impostor who not content to have received the Charities and Benevolence of a poor Creature in her house would needs challenge the Inheritance of Children denying that she had any Motherly relation to him The Son on the other side wept bitterly and gave assurance that she had acknowledged him as her own very lively representing all the proofs which passion and Interest put into his mind The King tryed all means to discover the design of this Lady and asked her Whether she were not resolved to marry again She answered That if she met with a man suitable to her she would do what God should inspire her The King replyed Behold this young man whom since you have lodged as a Guest thirty days in your house and have been so kind to him what cause is there why you may not marry him she answered That he had no Estate and she was worth a Thousand Crowns which was a great Fortune in those daies Well said Theodorick I will give the young man as much for his Marriage on this condition that you shall marry him She much amazed began to wax pale blush and tremble seeking to excuse her self but faltering in her speech the King to affright her more protested deeply She should marry him presently or tell the lawful Cause of the Impediment The poor Woman condemned by the Voice of Nature which cryed in her heart and having horror of the Crime proposed to her cast her self at the Kings Feet with Tears confessing her Loves Dissimulation and Mishap Then this Great Prince taking the words from her spake thus Are not you a miserable woman said he to renounce your own Flesh and bloud for a Villain who hath so often deceived you Get you to your house forsake those fond Affections and live in the condition of a good Widow taking unto you such support and assistance from your Son as he by nature ought to afford you Causins Holy Court Tom. 1. LXXXIV Josephus relates There was a young Jew bred at Sydon with the freed man of a Roman Citizen who having some resemblance of Alexander the son of Herod whom his Father had cruelly put to death pretended he was the same Alexander affirming That those to whom Herod had recommended this barbarous Execution conceived such horror at it that they resolved to save him and to conceal him till after the death of his Father in which time he remained at Sydon and now was come as from the Gates of Death to demand his Right as being the undoubted and lawful Heir of the Kingdom This Impostor had gained a subtle Fellow a Servant of Herods Houshold who taught him all the Affairs of the Court the People imbraced this Alexander as a man returned from the other World when he saw himself strong in Credit and Coin he was so confident as to go to Rome to question the Right of the Crown against Herods other Sons He presented himself before Augustus Caesar the distributer of Crowns beseeching him to pity the Fortune of so wretched and poor a King who threw himself at his Feet as the Sanctuary of Justice and Mercy Every one seemed already to favour him as a Person much wronged but Augustus a Monarch very penetrating perceived this man tasted not of a Prince for taking him by the hand he found his skin rough as having exercised servile Labours Hereupon the Emperor drew him aside Saying Content thy self to have hitherto abused all the world but know thou art now before Augustus I will pardon thee upon Condition thou discover the Truth of this matter but if thou liest in any point thou art utterly lost The Man was so amazed at the Lustre of such Majesty that throwing himself at his feet he began to confess all the Contrivance which done the Emperor perceiving him to be none of the most impudent daring impostors saved his life but condemned him to the Gallies The Tutor of this Counterfeit being observed by the Emperor to be of a Spirit more crafty and accustomed to evil Practices was ordered speedily to be put to death Josephus Antiquit. lib. 17. LXXXV Praxiteles the famous Artist in the making of Statues had promised Phryne a beautiful Curtisan the best and choice of all the pieces in his Shop to take from thence one single Statue as should be most pleasing to her but she not knowing which was most valuable devised this
the King and Bashaw the Lagaw is the next chief man in this City who is the first Person of the Divan or Council and General of the Armies abroad under whom are the Chenses like our Sheriffs or Justices of Peace next are the Boulgebushes like our Bailiffs who are Servants to the Divan and remain 3 years in their places going out after with the Armies as Comptrollers of the rest There are also other Bushes Captains and Officers of the Militia who wear a badg of Honour on their heads and are distinguished from the rest by their Turbant which is wound about in the form of a Sugar-loaf behind which a Redcross falls down and is a badg of their Office which others must not wear as the Red-scarf is a sign of Command among Christians In the Camp are other Great Officers as Daventees Mouchees c. An Achabasha is an experienced man among them who hath been in several Encounters and commands a Party when it is separated from the main Body He must be an old Man and when he once comes to that Employment he can rise no higher as other Officers can There are most pleasant Gardens and Orchards about Argiers and very good Corn upon the Hills near it with plenty of all things but wine which is forbidden to the Turks and Moors yet those of Argiers have not such scrupulous Consciences but that they will be drunk with wine when they take good store of Prizes Toward the East of the City is a very strong House built and some souldiers to keep Guard it being the Publick Treasury House wherein they every year cast in vast sums of Money according to their success against the Christians which they never take out so that its thought there are many Millions in that Hold When the ships come in there is alwayes something for the Treasury and a good Portion for Mahomet and those that read Prayers which is put into the hands of a Treasurer whom if they find to have converted the least part thereof to his private use he is cruelly put to death in this manner He is stript naked and at the door of the Marabut he is impaled alive that is a stake is thrust into his Fundament and driven leasurely up through his body In this manner he is raised to the top of the steeple of a Mosquet or Church where he is exposed to Publick view for three dayes and then his body is carried out of the City to be given for food to the wild beasts and his Estate sold for the benefit of the Religious men There are excellent Orders to stir them up to their Worship they are often called to Prayers that is in the Morning at twelve a Clock at four afternoon at Sunsetting at Twilight and at Midnight at all which times great numbers of all sorts reâ—ort to their Mosquetts and there in an humble manner on their Faces pray to God and Mahomet Those that are negligent in coming to Prayers are taken notice of and if formerly Christians are excluded from all hopes of Imployment and for the least offence severely Treated The Ceremonies used at Consecrating their Priests are observable The Father of the young man brings him before the Marabut or Cheif Preist who sits in the Principal Mosquette of the City with a numerous attendance to be Witnesses of his Dedication to that Service entring the place the Father holding his son on the right hand they both approach the Marabut and kiss the Hem of his Garment who ask's the Father whether he can read He answers yes and a book is immediately brought usually the Alcoran who reads a page in it If he miss not a word but read it distinctly he is then admitted and his name inrolled in the Order Then a Fellow with a sharp Knife cuts in his right Arm the Figure of an half Moon into the wound is put Gun-powder which being blown up leaves a blue Impression that nothing can take away unless the place be cut off After some Prayers for Confirmation he is obliged to swear by Mahomets Lock to observe certain Rules He is then clothed in another manner before the People and the Marabut takes him into his Armes and gives him a Kiss which sanctifies him for ever The Solemnity ends in Musick and Dancing Their Marriages Circumcisions and other Customs are not much different from the Turks Many other particulars I observed during the Happy time of my Slavery having liberty to walk up and down my business and work being only to wait upon my Lady at the time of her Devotions But after two years she departed this Life leaving me sufficient cause to Lament Another of the Kings Wives was supposed to have poysoned her because he had a greater love for her by reason of her constant Devotions than for the other About six months before her Death she was brought to bed of a Girl somewhat whiter than ordinary which the old Fool thought himself to be the Father of During her sickness she sent to her Cosens house where I lay to speak with him whom she ingaged to release me after her Burial in requital of my good Service and sent me by her Gentlewoman a considerable present in Gold which I did not possess long After her death her Cosen did not perform her request but led me to the Market where I was sold for 300 Dollars I durst not anger him for fear he should publish the Mystery which would infallibly cost me my head My next Master was a Gardiner who put me into his Orchards and there with a good Cudgel made me understand a new Trade I never knew before I endured much with him for he made me labour above my strength and often threatned to stab and kill me therefore fear of Death made me endeavour my escape I was sometimes sent for Lime for a building he had in hand near the Seashore A Vessel was lately arrived from France to redeem the Captives and lay without the Mold at what time I was on the shore it was dusky a Frenchman offered me his assistance I accepted of it and went into his Boat but was discovered before I could get off the Mold and sent back to my Master who punished me with an 100 blows on the soles of my Feet whereby I became unserviceable many days He was soon weary of my Company and sold me to the English Renegado aforesaid I expected from him a kinder entertainment but found worse he was cruel severe to me making me work night and day I often treated for my ransom but his demands were so high that I could not comply with him He abused we wretchedly about five Months and then death put an end to his Tyranny His Executors sold me again among his Goods and Chattels I fell next into the hands of an Italian Renegado who was no kinder to me than my former Masters my work was painful my Diet mean my Labour continual and my Rewards the blows
out and thereby drew out the Peasant from his sweet Prison which otherwise had proved his Tomb. Causin's Holy Court Tom. 1. and 3. XXXIX Dr. Fuller in his Worthies gives 3 notable instances of this kind First Sr. Richard Edgcomb being zealous in the cause of Henry Earl of Richmond afterward King Henry the seventh was in the time of King Richard the Third so hotly persued and narrowly searched for that he was forced to hide himself in the thick woods at his House at Cuttail in Cornwal Here extremity taught him a sudden Policy which was to put a stone in his Cap and tumbled the same into the water while these Persuers were fast at his heels who looking down after the noise and seeing his Cap swimming thereon supposed that he had desperately drowned himself and deluded by this honest fraud gave over their farther persuit leaving him at liberty to escape over into France XL. A Second is of one John Thornborough preferred by Queen Elizabeth to be Dean of York and Bishop of Lymerick in Ireland where he received a most remarkable deliverance in manner following Lodging in an Old Castle in Ireland in a large room partitioned but with Sheets or Curtains with his Wife Children and Servants in effect a whole Family These all lying upon the ground on Matts or such like in the dead time of the night the Floor over head being Earth and Plaister as in many places is used and overcharged with weight fell wholly down together and crushing all to pieces that was above two foot high as Cup-board Table Forms Stools rested at last on certain Chests as God would have it and hurt no living Creature He was after made Bishop of Worcester by King James XLI A Third Relation is concerning Sir Richard Edgcomb who fighting valiantly for the King at Edghil Battle received twenty six wounds and was left on the ground among the dead Next day his Son Adrian Scroop obtained leave of the King to find and fetch off his Fathers Corps and his hopes pretended no higher than a decent interment thereof Such a search was thought in vain amongst many naked bodies with wounds disguised from themselves and where pale death had confounded all Complexions together However he having some general notice of the place where his Father fell did meet with his Body that had some heat left therein which with rubbing within a few Minutes increased to motion that motion within some few hours into sense that sense within a day into speech that speech within certain weeks into a perfect recovery living more than Ten Years after a Monument of God's Mercy and his Sons Affection The Effect of this story I received from his own mouth in Lincoln Colledge Fuller's Worthies Page 151. 175. 274. XLII In the Year 1568 upon the Eve of All Saints by the swelling of the Sea there was so great a deluge as covered certain Islands of Zealand a great part of the Sea-Coast of Holland and almost all Friezland in which Province alone Two Thousand persons were drowned many men who had got up to the tops of Hills and Trees were ready to starve for hunger but were in time saved by Boats Among the rest upon an Hill by Sneace they found an Infant carried thither by the water in its Cradle with a Cat lying by it the poor Babe was soundly sleeping without any fear and then happily saved Strada XLIII William of Nassau Prince of Orange as he lay in his Camp near the Duke of Alva's Army some Spaniards in the night broke into his Camp and some of them run as far as the Prince of Orange's Tent where he lay fast asleep He had a Dog lying by him on his Bed that never left barking nor scratching of him on the face till he had awakened him and by this means he escaped the danger Strada XLIV In the Earthquake of Apulia in Italy which happened in 1627 on the last day of July one writeth That in the City of St. Severine alone Ten Thousand Souls were taken out of the World and that in the horror of such infinite ruines and Sepulchre of so many Mortals a great Bell thrown out oâ— the Steeple by the Earthquake fell so fitly over a child that it inclosed him and doing him no harm made a Bulwark for him against any other danger And who ballanced the motion of this Metal but the same fingers that distended the Heavens even the Almighty Providence of God Causin's Holy Court Tom. 3. XLV Mr. Lermouth alias Williamson Chaplain to the Lady Anne of Cleve a Scotchman being cast into Prison for the Protestant Religion as he was on a time meditating he heard a voice probably of an Angel saying to him Arise and go thy wayes whereunto when he gave no great heed at the first he heard the voice a second time upon this he fell to his Prayers and about half an hour after he heard a voice the third time speaking the same words whereupon rising up immediately part of the Prison Wall fell down and as the Officers came in at the outward Gate of the Prison he went out at the breach leaped over the Prison Ditch and in his way meeting a Beggar he changed his Coat with him and coming to the Sea shore he found a Vessel ready to set Sail into which he entred and escaped Clarks Examples Vol. 1. Pag. 18. XLVI Richard White and John Hunt being apprehended by the Mayor of Marlborough in Queen Marie's Reign they were sent to Salisbury and kept a long time in Lollard's Tower and at last were brought before Bishop Capon and other Commissioners and there examined of their faith of which they made a stout and zealous Confession from which they could not be removed neither by frowns nor flatteries so that at length they were Condemned at the Sessions to dye and with other Malefactors were delivered over to Sir Anthony Hungerford the High Sheriff to be Executed But the Evening after Mr. Clifford Son in Law to Sir Anthony came to him exhorting and intreating him earnestly in no case to have a hand in the death of those two innocent persons Sir Anthony hearing him went presently to one Justice Brown to ask advice who told him that if he had not a Writ from above for their Execution he could not answer the doing it but if he had he must then do his Office The Sheriff hearing this took his Horse the next day and went out of Town leaving these men in Prison Dr. Jefferies the Bishop's Chancellor hearing of it rides after him and overtaking him told him He had delivered two Condemned men into his hands and wondred that he went away before he had Executed them according to his Office The Sheriff told him He was no Babe to be taught what belonged to his Office If you have said he a Wit to discharge me for the burning of them I know what I have to do Why said the Chancellor did not I give you a Writ
the King and his Cubs be taken away 2. To have a Toleration of Religion 3. To procure Aid and Assistance from Forreign Princes 4. To turn out of the Court such as they disliked and place themselves in Offices Watson to be Lord Chancellor George Brook Lord Treasurer Sir Griffin Markham Secretary of State Lord Grey to be Master of the Horse and Earl Marshal of England But it seems they made no Provision for Rawleigh which is no inconsiderable Argument of his Innocency who could have deserved and might have expected as great a reward as any of them had he been engaged in the Plot To oblige to Secrecy Watson draws up an Oath But all is betrayed they are Seized Examined and Tryed at Winchester Nov. 17. 1603. and the Lord Cobham George Brook his Brother Thomas Lord Grey of Wilton Sir Walter Rawleigh Sir Griffith Markham and Sir Edward Parham Knights Bartholomew Brooksby and Anthony Copley Gentlemen W. Watson W. Clark Priests were all found guilty of Treason except Sir Edward Parham who was acquitted and Watson and Clark were executed Nov. 29. George Brook was beheaded Decemb. 5. but here the hand of Justice staid the Lord Cobham Lord Grey and Sir Griffith Markham were pardoned at the place of Execution Sir Walter Rawleigh was left to the Kings Mercy who thought him too great a Male-content to have his Freedom and probably too innocent to lose his Life Therefore he is confined to the Tower where he writ that excellent History of the World wherein the only fault or defect rather is that it wanteth one half thereof which was occasioned as it is commonly related thus Some few days before he suffered he sent for Mr. Walter Burr who formerly printed his first Volume of the History of the World and asking him how it sold Mr. Burr answered It sold so slowly that it had undone him At which words Sir Walter stepping to his Desk reaches his other unprinted part of his History which he had brought down to the times he lived in and clapping his hand upon his breast said with a sigh Ah my friend hath the first part undone thee the second Part shall undo no more this ungrateful World is unworthy of it and immediately going to the Fire-side threw it in and set his Foot upon it till it was consumed As great a loss to Learning as Christendom could have sustained and the greater because it could be repaired by no hand but his While Sir Walter was thus confined Death took away his Mortal Enemy Sir Robert Cecil after Earl of Salisbury who had purchased the Monopoly of Favour and being jealous of Sir Walters Abilities had some fear he might supplant him which was the cause says Osborn that he was brought to the aforementioned Trial However Sir Walter outlived his Designs and Hatred and for all kindnesses bestowed on him the following Epitaph which is certainly affirmed to be his King James was so taken with the smartness of them that he hoped the Author would dye before him The Verses are these Here lies Hobnial our Pastor while er'e That once in a Quarter our Fleeces did share To please us his Cur he kept under Clog And was ever after both Shepherd and Dog For Oblation to Pan his Custom was thus He first gave a Trifle then offered up us And through his false worship such power he did gain As kept him o' th' Mountain and us on the Plain Where many an Hornpipe he tun'd to his Phillis And sweetly sung Walsingham to 's Amaryllis Till Atropos clapt him a P on the Drab For spight of his Tar-box he di'd of the Scab If the Reader desires a key to these Verses he may have it in Osborn's Memoirs Fourteen years Sir Walter had spent in the Tower of whom Prince Henry would say That no King but his Father would keep such a Bird in a Cage and being weary of Confinement his Destiny brought him to his end by Liberty which it could not do by Imprisonment For out of a longing for Liberty he propounded a Project to the King upon which being a well spoken man and of great Capacity he set such colours of Probability especially guilding it over with the Gold he would fetch from a Mine Guiana in the West-Indies without any wrong at all to the King of Spain that the King granted him a limited Commission to undertake it and thereupon with divers Ships accompanied with many Knights and Gentlemen of Quality he set forward on the Voyage but when after long search no such Place nor Treasure could be found he fell upon St. Thome a Town belonging to the King of Spain Sacked Pillaged and Burnt it And here was the first part of his Tragical Voyage Acted in the death of his Eldest Son the last part was acted in his own death at his return For Gundamore the Spanish Embassador did so aggravate this Fact to the King against him that it seemed nothing would give satisfaction but Rawleigh's head without which he seemed to threaten a breach between the two Nations Rawleigh excused his Actions and sent this Defence thereof in a Letter to King James May it please your most Excellent Majesty If in my Journey outward bound I had my men murdered at the Island of St. Thomas and yet spared to take revenge If I did discharge some Spanish Barques taken without Spoil If I did forbear all Parts of the Spanish Indies wherein I might have taken twenty of their Towns on the Sea-coasts and did only Follow the Enterprise I undertook for Guiana where without any directions from me a Spanish Village was burnt which was new set up within three miles of the Mine by your Majesties favour I find no reason why the Spanish Embassador should complain of me If it were lawful for the Spaniards to murder twenty six English-men binding them back to back and then cutting their Throats when they had Traded with them a whole Month and came to them on the Land without so much as one Sword and that it may not be lawful for your Majesties subjects being charged first by them to repel Force by Force we may justly say Oh miserable English If Parker and Metham took Campeach and other Places in the Honduras seated in the Heart of the Spanish Indies burnt Towns killed the Spaniards and had nothing said to them at their return and my self forbore to look into the Indies because I would not offend I may justly say O miserable Sir Walter Rawleigh If I spent my poor Estate lost my Son suffered by sickness and otherwise a World of Miseries If I have resisted with the manifest hazard of my life the Robberies and Spoils which my Company would have made If when I was poor I have made my self Rich If when I had gotten my Liberty which all men and Nature it self do so much prize I voluntarily lost it If when I was sure of my life I rendred it again If I might elsewhere have sold my Ship
to sell him This made him resolve on an escape to which end he had prepared a piece of Timber near the waterside on which he intended to paddle to the Ship which then lay about a League from the Shore Just as he was about to lanch his little floating board he espied a great Aligator which will devour a man at a mouthful This made him alter his resolution and resolve rather to live with inhumane Infidels than to throw himself into so imminent a danger The next day God Almighty opened the heart of the King to let the poor Englishman go He sent him in a Canoe placed betwixt a Negro's Legs with some others to guide this small Vessel for fear he should leap overboard and swim to the Ship At a distance from the Ship he haled her in the English Tongue which made those aboard much admire The Negroes gave him leave to stand up and shew himself to the Captain to whom he gave an account how four were left there and he only preserved It was some time before they could bargain though the Captain was resolved not to leave him behind Several times the Negroes padled away with their Canoe resolving not to part with him but with promises and intreaties he perswaded them back to the Ship again and they delivered him on board for 45 Copper and Iron Bars the Copper being as big as a Youths little Finger and the Iron somewhat bigger now were his Joys compleated he could hardly perswade himself but it was a Dream or Vision and that he did not really see English faces again nor imbrace English Bodies It was some time before he could throw himself at the Captains feet to acknowledge his infinite obligations to him When he came on board his Hair was very long and his Skin tawny having gone naked all the time he was there and frequently anointing himself with Palm Oyl he looked like a Tawny Moor But the Seamen aboard with Christian Hearts soon apparelled him The Master hoisted Sail for the Barbadoes where he was to stay some time but Wats earnestly desiring to see his Native Countrey got passage in the Katherine of London and by the Assistance of Heaven in a few Weeks safely arrived in the Downes and was entertained by his Uncle Mr. Richard Wats of Deal with great joy who took this Relation from his own mouth Sea Deliverances Pag. 73. 103. The unparalleld revolution in Portugal in the year 1641 is very worthy to be remembred whereby Philip the Second King of Spain lost that whole Kingdom as it were in one day with almost all the Islands Forts and Provinces thereunto belonging To give a particular account of this great Transaction it will be necessary to look a little back upon the Original causes and occasion thereof In the Year 1573. Sebastian Grandchild of King John the 3d. and Sixteenth King of Portugal Reigned in that Kingdom being about 23 years old Scarce was he well setled in his Throne having Reigned not above a year an half but Ambassadors from Muly Mahamet then turned out of his Kingdoms of Fesse and Morocco by his Uncle Abdemelech implored his Aid in the recovery of his Kingdom with promise That if he would assist him to drive out Abdemelech he would freely resign to Sebastian the Kingdom of Morocco and content himself with that of Fesse Ambition of Glory and Dominion makes Sebastian readily undertake the Enterprize sending to Philip of Spain for Assistance who promises him Ten Thousand men but sailed yet with the Forces that himself had levied he resolves couragiously to proceed To which by accident just as he was going he got some addition For Stukely an Englishman as he was going with a small Fleet of Ships and about Six Thousand Italian Souldiers to assist the Irish Rebels against Queen Elizabeth was by Tempest driven into Lisbon Whom King Sebastian with much intreaty perswades to desist from his intended design and accompany him into Barbary Thus set forth he arrives at Tangier with an Army of about Thirty Thousand men where he meets Muly Mahamet with a very small addition of Forces and much less than he expected yet he marches forward toward Abdemelech who by Letters in vain advised him to return in Peace The 2 Armies meet in the Plains of Alcazar where King Sebastian is utterly defeated himself Muly Mahamet Stukely and several persons of quality slain Three Kings fell in this field for Abdemelech was slain in the hottest of the fight This Battel was fought in August 1578 yet some have affirmed that Sebastian was not slain in this Battel but that for shame and sorrow he returned not home but wandring from one place to another was at last discovered at Venice and from thence by command of the King of Spain was carryed to Naples where he was kept three dayes in a dark and dismal Dungeon without any sustenance but a Knife and an Halter where he miserably dyed Whether this were the true Sebastian or not was not certainly known but he was so like him that the Spaniards used to say if it were not he it was the Devil in his likeness But however he being thus lost to the Portugals Henry the Cardinal third Son to Emanual the first who was Grandfather to Sebastian succeeded in the Kingdom but he being both by reason of his Age which was 67 years and his Function being a Churchman deprived of all means to give the people any hope of Issue it was the whole discourse not only of Portugal but all Christendom during the short time of his Reign who of right ought and who probably might succeed King Henry in the Kingdom There were several pretenders thereunto but Catherine Dutchess of Braganza and youngest Daughter to Don Edward sixth Son of Emanual aforementioned had the certain and undoubted Right yet Philip 2. King of Spain likewise made his claim though contrary to the Fundamental Laws of the Nation which Philip knew very well but having Power and Might on his side he little regarded Rights and Titles thinking them not strong enough against the infallible Arguments of Souldiers Arms and Money and therefore no sooner did the News of the death of King Henry arrive at the Spanish Court but the Duke of Alva was commanded with an Army of Twenty Thousand men to march to Lisbon and in the name and right of his Catholick Majesty to make conquest of that Kingdom if he found opposition But little resistance was made only Don Antonio the Bastard son of Lewes the Infante having got into Lisbon in the head of a Tumultuary Rabble rather than a well formed Army endeavoured at first to make some defence but was soon defeated and the Suburbs of Lisbon being plundered to satisfie the Souldiers the City was surrendred to him Whither soon after King Philip came and so by a mixt Title of Descent and Arms took possession of the Kingdom in 1580. Katherine Dutchess of Braganza being inforced to surrender to him all her