Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	bad_a	effect_n	good_a	3,760	5	4.8923	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A49887	Monsieur Bossu's treatise of the epick poem containing many curious reflexions, very useful and necessary for the right understanding and judging of the excellencies of Homer and Virgil / done into English from the French, with a new original preface upon the same subject, by W.J. ; to which are added, An essay upon satyr, by Monsieur D'Acier ; and A treatise upon pastorals, by Monsieur Fontanelle.; Traité du poème épique. English	Le Bossu, René, 1631-1680.; W. J.; Dacier, André, 1651-1722. Essay upon satyr.; Fontenelle, M. de (Bernard Le Bovier), 1657-1757. Of pastorals.	1695 (1695)	Wing L804; ESTC R10431	296,769	336

morrow_n he_o begin_v a_o ship_n and_o in_o twenty_o day_n finish_v it_o the_o twenty_o fifth_z he_o set_v sail_n and_o after_o a_o voyage_n of_o twenty_o day_n be_v cast_v upon_o the_o island_n of_o corfu_n there_o he_o tarry_v three_o day_n with_o alcinous_n all_o this_o make_v one_o and_o fifty_o day_n from_o the_o first_o open_v of_o the_o poem_n to_o the_o arrival_n of_o ulysses_n in_o his_o own_o country_n eight_o and_o twenty_o of_o they_o he_o spend_v with_o calypso_n reckon_v the_o four_o that_o precede_v the_o build_n of_o his_o ship_n three_o and_o twenty_o day_n more_o he_o be_v upon_o his_o journey_n part_n of_o which_o he_o spend_v at_o sea_n and_o part_n with_o alcinous_n a_o night_n after_o he_o arrive_v in_o ithaca_n four_o day_n he_o remain_v incognito_o at_o eumeus_n country_n house_n on_o the_o five_o he_o go_v to_o his_o own_o palace_n where_o he_o be_v in_o disguise_n two_o day_n take_v a_o account_n of_o what_o have_v happen_v and_o square_n his_o action_n according_o the_o next_o night_n he_o kill_v his_o rival_n and_o on_o the_o morrow_n make_v a_o end_n of_o discover_v himself_o and_o re-adjusting_a all_o his_o affair_n therefore_o add_v these_o seven_o day_n to_o the_o one_o and_o fifty_o before_o the_o duration_n of_o the_o narration_n in_o this_o poem_n amount_v to_o eight_o and_o fifty_o day_n as_o for_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o poet_n give_v we_o a_o occasion_n to_o guess_v something_o about_o it_o in_o the_o iliad_n where_o there_o be_v more_o action_n and_o violence_n the_o day_n be_v long_o than_o the_o night_n and_o the_o season_n very_o hot_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a homer_n have_v assign_v long_o and_o cool_a night_n to_o the_o prudence_n of_o ulysses_n place_v the_o maturity_n of_o autumn_n in_o the_o odysseis_n as_o he_o have_v the_o contagious_a heat_n of_o the_o summer_n in_o the_o iliad_n the_o practice_n of_o homer_n then_o be_v without_o doubt_n to_o reduce_v the_o duration_n of_o the_o epic_a narration_n into_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o campaign_n of_o a_o few_o month_n but_o the_o difficulty_n of_o know_v the_o design_n and_o intention_n of_o virgil_n be_v the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o one_o may_v not_o advance_v it_o to_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o whole_a year_n or_o more_o and_o whether_o the_o winter_n season_n ought_v in_o reason_n to_o be_v exclude_v thence_o i_o find_v myself_o insensible_o engage_v in_o the_o examen_fw-la of_o this_o particular_a question_n i_o find_v it_o a_o great_a deal_n large_a than_o i_o imagine_v and_o i_o have_v discourse_v very_o ample_o upon_o it_o from_o whence_o several_a thing_n may_v be_v deduce_v that_o in_o my_o mind_n be_v of_o no_o small_a use_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o aeneid_n i_o here_o propose_v this_o question_n about_o the_o time_n by_o way_n of_o problem_n and_o free_o leave_v other_o to_o determine_v and_o judge_v what_o they_o please_v but_o yet_o i_o say_v that_o in_o this_o uncertainty_n two_o reason_n rather_o incline_v i_o to_o a_o single_a campaign_n than_o a_o whole_a year_n the_o first_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o homer_n which_o the_o latin_a poet_n common_o propose_v as_o his_o exemplar_n and_o who_o by_o wise_a man_n have_v be_v esteem_v the_o most_o excellent_a model_n for_o poet_n to_o imitate_v this_o reason_n make_v so_o much_o the_o more_o for_o i_o in_o this_o treatise_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n because_o it_o be_v found_v upon_o that_o relation_n that_o be_v observable_a between_o the_o practice_n of_o virgil_n and_o that_o of_o homer_n the_o rule_n of_o horace_n and_o those_o of_o aristotle_n the_o other_o reason_n be_v still_o more_o to_o my_o purpose_n and_o that_o be_v that_o this_o reduce_n of_o it_o to_o one_o single_a campaign_n be_v more_o conformable_a to_o that_o idea_n i_o have_v propose_v concern_v the_o fable_n and_o the_o design_n of_o virgil_n in_o this_o poem_n we_o have_v already_o consider_v aeneas_n as_o a_o legislator_n and_o founder_n of_o the_o roman_n religion_n he_o be_v so_o exact_a in_o observe_v all_o the_o ceremony_n which_o be_v perform_v for_o the_o dead_a that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o colour_n he_o shall_v omit_v one_o so_o considerable_a as_o be_v that_o of_o mourn_v especial_o for_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n for_o which_o he_o spare_v no_o cost_n this_o high_a veneration_n he_o have_v for_o he_o make_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a quality_n of_o his_o character_n and_o almost_o throughout_o the_o whole_a regulate_v the_o general_a character_n of_o the_o poem_n now_o the_o mourn_a of_o the_o roman_n consist_v in_o two_o thing_n the_o one_o be_v its_o duration_n which_o last_v ten_o month_n the_o other_o be_v that_o the_o roman_n in_o this_o ominous_a and_o inauspicious_a time_n never_o undertake_v any_o thing_n of_o consequence_n how_o then_o can_v aeneas_n dare_v to_o undertake_v his_o settlement_n in_o italy_n which_o be_v then_o a_o business_n of_o the_o high_a consequence_n to_o he_o so_o then_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o stay_v in_o sicily_n full_a ten_o month_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n and_o have_v stay_v less_o than_o two_o month_n at_o carthage_n he_o return_v to_o sicily_n to_o celebrate_v the_o anniversary_n of_o his_o death_n on_o the_o same_o day_n he_o arrive_v there_o this_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o poet_n which_o we_o have_v already_o cite_v for_o the_o anniversary_n happen_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o seven_o summer_n a_o little_a more_o than_o a_o month_n after_o the_o solstice_n and_o rise_n of_o orion_n aeneas_n then_o leave_v sicily_n in_o summer_n during_o the_o rise_n of_o this_o constellation_n which_o raise_v the_o tempest_n in_o the_o first_o book_n he_o can_v not_o leave_v it_o the_o same_o summer_n anchises_n die_v but_o must_v needs_o have_v leave_v sicily_n the_o summer_n follow_v which_o be_v the_o seven_o as_o the_o poet_n say_v and_o the_o same_o in_o which_o he_o return_v to_o the_o anniversary_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o must_v needs_o have_v pass_v the_o autumn_n the_o winter_n and_o the_o spring_n in_o sicily_n and_o have_v tarry_v there_o more_o than_o nine_o month_n before_o his_o part_n for_o carthage_n but_o he_o go_v out_o and_o come_v back_o again_o to_o it_o the_o same_o summer_n in_o the_o other_o opinion_n i_o neither_o find_v the_o conformity_n of_o virgil_n with_o homer_n nor_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o roman_a mourn_v to_o which_o i_o real_o think_v aeneas_n be_v oblige_v as_o much_o as_o he_o be_v to_o the_o other_o ceremony_n in_o which_o he_o be_v so_o punctual_a but_o these_o reason_n which_o make_v for_o i_o may_v not_o perhaps_o make_v for_o other_o i_o only_o propose_v they_o as_o i_o be_v oblige_v it_o be_v for_o philosopher_n and_o critic_n to_o examine_v thing_n to_o propose_v reason_n and_o to_o make_v they_o intelligible_a and_o it_o be_v for_o the_o reader_n to_o draw_v his_o inference_n mounseur_fw-fr bossu's_fw-fr treatise_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n book_n iu._n concern_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n chap._n i._o concern_v the_o manner_n in_o general_n under_o the_o name_n of_o manner_n we_o comprehend_v all_o the_o natural_a or_o acquire_v inclination_n which_o carry_v we_o on_o to_o good_a bad_a or_o indifferent_a action_n this_o definition_n contain_v three_o thing_n the_o first_o be_v the_o manner_n themselves_o which_o we_o call_v inclination_n whether_o they_o have_v their_o source_n and_o origin_n in_o our_o soul_n such_o as_o the_o love_n of_o science_n and_o virtue_n or_o whether_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o body_n as_o anger_n and_o the_o rest_n which_o we_o have_v in_o common_a with_o the_o brute_n the_o second_o thing_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o those_o manner_n which_o be_v either_o nature_n or_o our_o choice_n and_o industry_n according_a as_o they_o be_v either_o natural_a or_o acquire_v the_o three_o thing_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o manner_n namely_o action_n whether_o good_a as_o that_o of_o aeneas_n or_o bad_a as_o that_o of_o achilles_n or_o indifferent_a as_o that_o of_o ulysses_n those_o manner_n be_v good_a which_o incline_v we_o to_o virtue_n and_o virtuous_a action_n those_o bad_a which_o incline_v we_o to_o vice_n and_o sin_n and_o those_o be_v indifferent_a which_o incline_v we_o to_o indifferent_a quality_n and_o action_n a_o right_a distinction_n shall_v be_v make_v between_o real_a virtue_n and_o those_o that_o appear_v such_o and_o be_v only_o mere_a quality_n the_o real_a virtue_n such_o as_o piety_n prudence_n and_o the_o like_a make_v those_o who_o be_v master_n of_o they_o good_a praiseworthy_a and_o honest-man_n but_o real_a vice_n such_o as_o impiety_n injustice_n fraud_n and_o the_o like_a corrupt_a and_o vitiate_v those_o who_o be_v taint_v with_o they_o

mere_a quality_n in_o their_o own_o nature_n produce_v neither_o of_o these_o two_o effect_n such_o as_o valour_n art_n the_o knowledge_n of_o science_n and_o the_o like_a solomon_n can_v still_o preserve_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o science_n even_o when_o he_o be_v become_v a_o idolater_n aencas_n and_o mezentius_n be_v both_o valiant_a yet_o one_o be_v a_o pious_a and_o a_o good_a man_n the_o other_o a_o atheistical_a and_o profane_a fellow_n it_o be_v far_a observable_a that_o among_o the_o inclination_n there_o be_v some_o which_o belong_v more_o peculiarly_a to_o some_o particular_a adventure_n and_o that_o be_v only_o of_o use_n upon_o certain_a occasion_n such_o for_o instance_n be_v valour_n clemency_n and_o liberality_n other_o be_v more_o universal_a and_o appear_v in_o every_o thing_n such_o as_o be_v good_a nature_n and_o a_o passionate_a temper_n for_o a_o man_n may_v be_v passionate_a and_o violent_a not_o only_o in_o war_n but_o at_o a_o council_n board_n and_o upon_o all_o other_o occasion_n as_o achilles_n be_v or_o he_o may_v be_v mild_a and_o good-natured_a even_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o battle_n as_o aeneas_n we_o shall_v call_v this_o last_o species_n of_o general_a and_o universal_a manner_n the_o character_n of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o person_n and_o will_v treat_v of_o it_o more_o particular_o the_o cause_n of_o our_o manner_n be_v either_o whole_o external_n or_o whole_o internal_a or_o they_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o partly_o external_n partly_o internal_a the_o external_n cause_n be_v god_n the_o star_n and_o our_o native_a country_n the_o mix_a cause_n be_v our_o parent_n and_o education_n the_o internal_a cause_n be_v the_o complexion_n the_o sex_n the_o passion_n and_o the_o action_n whereby_o we_o contract_v these_o habit_n the_o effect_n of_o our_o manner_n be_v the_o discourse_n the_o design_n and_o the_o essay_n we_o make_v to_o do_v such_o or_o such_o a_o thing_n and_o the_o good_a bad_a or_o indifferent_a action_n poetry_n be_v not_o the_o only_a thing_n where_o the_o manner_n be_v of_o use_n philosopher_n historian_n geographer_n and_o rhetorician_n treat_v of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o poet_n each_o of_o these_o in_o his_o own_o way_n but_o the_o poet_n have_v need_n of_o all_o and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o thing_n which_o he_o be_v indispensible_o oblige_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o that_o he_o may_v make_v his_o personage_n speak_v and_o act_v regular_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v say_v on_o this_o subject_a yet_o i_o can_v whole_o pass_v it_o over_o i_o shall_v only_o content_v myself_o to_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o virgil._n therefore_o before_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o poetical_a manner_n i_o will_v explain_v at_o large_a what_o i_o have_v propose_v concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o i_o shall_v say_v something_o concern_v the_o manner_n that_o be_v foreign_a to_o poetry_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o manner_n god_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o cause_n in_o general_a we_o shall_v look_v upon_o he_o here_o in_o particular_a as_o the_o most_o universal_a and_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o manner_n he_o be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n and_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n as_o he_o think_v fit_a this_o cause_n render_v the_o manner_n of_o aeneas_n good_a even_o to_o admiration_n it_o be_v superfluous_a to_o show_v how_o this_o hero_n be_v favour_v by_o jupiter_n since_o we_o see_v juno_n who_o prosecute_v he_o love_n and_o esteem_v his_o person_n the_o star_n and_o principal_o the_o sign_n and_o planet_n be_v the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o manner_n the_o 1._o poet_n take_v notice_n what_o influence_n they_o have_v upon_o men._n when_o in_o the_o person_n of_o dido_n he_o prove_v from_o they_o that_o the_o tyrian_n be_v not_o so_o dull_a but_o that_o they_o know_v what_o esteem_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v for_o virtue_n but_o be_v it_o by_o chance_n think_v you_o that_o this_o poet_n who_o elsewhere_o be_v so_o skilful_a in_o astronomy_n cause_v the_o planet_n to_o act_v in_o favour_n of_o his_o hero_n conformable_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o astrologer_n of_o the_o seven_o there_o be_v three_o that_o favour_n he_o jupiter_n venus_n and_o the_o sun_n all_o three_o act_n visible_o in_o the_o poem_n in_o behalf_n of_o aeneas_n there_o be_v three_o other_o who_o influence_n be_v malignant_a saturn_n mars_n the_o moon_n or_o diana_n if_o they_o act_v it_o be_v indeed_o against_o the_o hero_n but_o they_o appear_v so_o obscure_o that_o one_o may_v say_v virgil_n have_v hide_v they_o below_o the_o horizon_n last_o mercury_n who_o planet_n be_v say_v to_o be_v good_a with_o the_o good_a and_o bad_a with_o the_o bad_a act_v visible_o as_o the_o good_a planet_n do_v but_o he_o never_o act_v alone_o it_o be_v jupiter_n that_o always_o send_v he_o out_o and_o this_o be_v the_o horoscope_n which_o the_o poet_n make_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o three_o external_a cause_n of_o the_o manner_n be_v the_o country_n in_o which_o one_o be_v born_n virgil_n bestow_v great_a commendation_n on_o the_o country_n of_o his_o hero_n and_o advance_v it_o far_o above_o greece_n 2._o as_o long_o as_o troy_n be_v assault_v fair_o by_o force_n it_o always_o remain_v victorious_a it_o be_v only_o the_o fraud_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o grecian_n that_o gain_v the_o mastery_n over_o the_o generosity_n of_o the_o trojan_n so_o that_o according_a to_o their_o country_n the_o one_o party_n be_v brave_a and_o generous_a the_o other_o knave_n and_o cheat_n the_o one_o civil_a the_o other_o barbarous_a the_o one_o hardy_n the_o other_o nice_n etc._n etc._n after_o these_o cause_n that_o be_v proper_o external_a follow_v next_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n who_o blood_n be_v derive_v down_o to_o their_o child_n we_o can_v say_v that_o the_o parent_n be_v such_o cause_n as_o be_v altogether_o foreign_a to_o the_o inclination_n of_o those_o who_o be_v form_v from_o their_o substance_n let_v we_o apply_v this_o to_o our_o subject_n aeneas_n spring_v from_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o troy_n the_o first_o prince_n of_o this_o family_n be_v as_o virtuous_a as_o powerful_a but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n these_o two_o thing_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o different_a branch_n ilus_n leave_v the_o crown_n to_o laomedon_n and_o his_o virtue_n to_o assaracus_n priam_n and_o paris_n be_v heir_n to_o the_o first_o anchises_n and_o aeneas_n to_o the_o second_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o poet_n bestow_v upon_o his_o hero_n the_o good_a inclination_n of_o his_o ancestor_n before_o ever_o he_o restore_v to_o he_o the_o regal_a power_n his_o piety_n deserve_v the_o sceptre_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o perfidiousness_n of_o the_o other_o branch_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o priam_n family_n be_v extirpate_v the_o innocent_a themselves_o feel_v likewise_o the_o smart_n of_o it_o as_o 3._o virgil_n observe_v of_o polydore_n this_o be_v more_o clear_o express_v by_o the_o greek_a poet._n iliad_n he_o lay_v down_o the_o genealogy_n of_o priam_n and_o aeneas_n and_o add_v that_o jupiter_n hate_v the_o family_n of_o priam_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o aeneas_n be_v to_o command_v the_o trojan_n and_o transmit_v the_o empire_n to_o his_o posterity_n these_o be_v the_o advantage_n aeneas_n derive_v from_o his_o father_n his_o mother_n be_v the_o goddess_n from_o who_o he_o derive_v the_o character_n of_o good_a nature_n and_o meekness_n which_o be_v the_o fine_a ornament_n of_o his_o manner_n parent_n likewise_o hand_n down_o to_o their_o child_n their_o nobility_n which_o often_o make_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o those_o that_o be_v noble_a and_o those_o that_o be_v not_o now_o that_o which_o happen_v often_o or_o ordinary_o in_o these_o thing_n be_v the_o rule_n which_o the_o poet_n ought_v to_o go_v by_o it_o will_v argue_v ignorance_n or_o childishness_n to_o do_v otherwise_o and_o one_o shall_v fall_v under_o these_o censure_n if_o for_o instance_n one_o shall_v cause_v a_o poetical_a person_n to_o be_v bear_v under_o a_o unlucky_a constellation_n to_o who_o we_o will_v give_v good_a inclination_n and_o a_o happy_a fortune_n whatsoever_o instance_n may_v be_v oppose_v against_o the_o pretend_a doctrine_n of_o astrologer_n yet_o that_o which_o be_v admirable_a and_o extraordinary_a in_o poet_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o contradict_v the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n about_o these_o thing_n education_n be_v another_o cause_n of_o the_o manner_n which_o depend_v upon_o the_o two_o former_a to_o wit_n the_o care_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o parent_n virgil_n have_v not_o forget_v this_o cause_n those_o likewise_o with_o who_o one_o converse_v contribute_v very_o much_o towards_o those_o various_a inclination_n that_o proceed_v from_o education_n whether_o one_o suit_v himself_o to_o their_o humour_n or_o whether_o that_o conformity_n

of_o humour_n make_v these_o conjunction_n and_o preside_v over_o the_o choice_n of_o friend_n the_o companion_n of_o aeneas_n be_v good_a sage_a and_o pious_a person_n 12._o japis_n his_o physician_n prefer_v his_o skill_n in_o physic_n beyond_o the_o glory_n of_o arm_n even_o in_o that_o only_a design_n of_o prolong_v the_o life_n of_o his_o old_a father_n education_n depend_v likewise_o on_o the_o government_n and_o the_o state_n under_o which_o one_o be_v bring_v up_o one_o conceive_v quite_o different_a sentiment_n under_o a_o monarchy_n than_o one_o shall_v do_v under_o a_o commonwealth_n this_o point_n be_v of_o some_o moment_n to_o our_o poet_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o change_v the_o inclination_n of_o his_o audience_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o inclination_n of_o all_o the_o personage_n in_o the_o aeneid_n be_v unanimous_o for_o a_o monarchy_n and_o though_o the_o tuscan_n who_o be_v use_v cruel_o by_o mezentius_n revolt_n from_o he_o and_o drive_v he_o thence_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o as_o the_o first_o brutus_n do_v to_o change_v the_o face_n of_o the_o state_n by_o banish_v both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o power_n together_o but_o in_o order_n to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o a_o more_o just_a monarch_n we_o may_v take_v into_o the_o number_n of_o mix_a cause_n the_o riches_n the_o dignity_n the_o alliance_n and_o the_o other_o good_n of_o fortune_n which_o we_o possess_v upon_o which_o i_o will_v only_o make_v this_o reflection_n that_o a_o king_n or_o general_n of_o a_o army_n do_v not_o always_o act_v in_o that_o character_n achilles_n be_v both_o but_o he_o preserve_v nothing_o of_o his_o sovereignty_n but_o that_o independency_n by_o which_o he_o refuse_v to_o obey_v agamemnon_n as_o otherwise_o he_o ought_v the_o fable_n require_v only_o this_o and_o homer_n have_v say_v no_o more_o of_o it_o his_o achilles_n be_v rather_o a_o private_a man_n and_o a_o single_a volunteer_n who_o only_o fight_v in_o his_o own_o quarrel_n than_o a_o king_n or_o a_o general_n so_o that_o nothing_o of_o all_o the_o good_a that_o be_v do_v any_o where_o else_o but_o where_o he_o be_v present_a be_v owe_v either_o to_o his_o valour_n or_o his_o good_a conduct_n virgil_n hero_n be_v quite_o of_o another_o make_v he_o never_o dive_v himself_o of_o his_o dignity_n he_o act_v in_o the_o full_a character_n of_o a_o general_n and_o this_o advance_v his_o martial_a achievement_n to_o a_o high_a pitch_n of_o glory_n than_o those_o of_o achilles_n the_o absence_n of_o both_o these_o hero_n give_v their_o enemy_n great_a advantage_n against_o they_o and_o be_v a_o evidence_n how_o great_a and_o necessary_a the_o valour_n of_o both_o of_o they_o be_v but_o this_o be_v peculiar_a to_o aeneas_n that_o whatever_o good_a be_v do_v in_o his_o absence_n be_v owe_v to_o his_o conduct_n two_o thing_n preserve_v the_o trojan_n from_o the_o rage_n of_o turnus_n the_o one_o be_v the_o rampart_n and_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o be_v entrench_v in_o aeneas_n himself_o design_v and_o over-looked_n these_o work_n the_o other_o be_v the_o good_a order_n they_o observe_v to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o in_o this_o they_o do_v no_o more_o than_o what_o he_o order_v they_o at_o part_v and_o here_o be_v a_o glory_n which_o the_o hero_n in_o the_o iliad_n can_v make_v no_o pretension_n to_o and_o if_o one_o will_v compare_v both_o together_o achilles_n be_v a_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o aeneas_z a_o complete_a commander_n the_o last_o cause_n of_o the_o manner_n which_o we_o propound_v be_v pure_o internal_a the_o chief_a and_o most_o general_a of_o these_o be_v the_o complexion_n poet_n place_n high_a character_n upon_o body_n of_o the_o large_a size_n and_o the_o fine_a make_v 1._o virgil_n give_v his_o hero_n the_o stature_n and_o visage_n of_o a_o god_n and_o he_o observe_v *_o that_o virtue_n be_v most_o charm_a when_o a_o good_a soul_n be_v lodge_v in_o a_o body_n 5._o that_o resemble_v it_o the_o complexion_n vary_v according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o age_n and_o sex_n turnus_n be_v young_a than_o aeneas_n because_o aeneas_n ought_v to_o be_v sage_a and_o prudent_a and_o turnus_n furious_a and_o passionate_a like_o another_o achilles_n i_o will_v not_o transcribe_v here_o what_o horace_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o manner_n that_o be_v proper_a to_o every_o age._n as_o for_o the_o sex_n aristotle_n say_v in_o his_o poetry_n that_o there_o be_v few_o good_a woman_n than_o bad_a and_o that_o they_o do_v more_o mischief_n than_o good_a in_o the_o world_n virgil_n be_v but_o too_o exact_a in_o copy_v this_o thought_n venus_n be_v the_o mother_n and_o protectress_n of_o aeneas_n she_o seem_v to_o be_v good-natured_a through_o the_o whole_a sibyl_n likewise_o favour_v he_o cybele_n and_o andromache_n be_v wellwisher_n to_o he_o and_o wish_v he_o no_o harm_n but_o they_o appear_v but_o little_a for_o this_o small_a number_n of_o good_a woman_n how_o many_o bad_a one_o be_v there_o or_o at_o least_o such_o as_o bring_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o mischief_n upon_o this_o hero_n juno_n be_v his_o profess_a enemy_n and_o employ_v against_o he_o iris_n juturna_n and_o allecto_n dido_n think_v of_o ruine_v he_o at_o carthage_n and_o call_v in_o to_o she_o aid_v her_o sister_n a_o nurse_n and_o a_o inchantress_n the_o harpy_n drive_v he_o out_o of_o their_o island_n 2._o helena_n be_v a_o fury_n that_o ruin_v the_o trojan_n and_o grecian_n themselves_o the_o trojan_a woman_n though_o his_o own_o subject_n set_v his_o fleet_n on_o fire_n amata_n contemn_v the_o order_n of_o the_o god_n and_o the_o will_n of_o the_o king_n her_o husband_n and_o with_o the_o latin_a woman_n first_o blow_v the_o trumpet_n to_o rebellion_n 7._o sylvia_n put_v she_o upon_o it_o the_o woman_n that_o be_v most_o esteem_v by_o this_o hero_n bring_v insupportable_a trouble_n upon_o his_o head_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n one_o may_v see_v his_o sorrow_n for_o creüsa_n and_o 6._o the_o innocent_a lavinia_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o misery_n he_o suffer_v in_o the_o six_o last_o book_n camilla_n bear_v arm_n against_o he_o but_o she_o give_v we_o a_o occasion_n to_o make_v a_o more_o particular_a reflection_n virgil_n in_o she_o have_v give_v we_o a_o pretty_a example_n of_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o the_o sex_n it_o seem_v as_o if_o this_o courageous_a damosel_n be_v bring_v in_o to_o fight_v only_o to_o teach_v other_o woman_n that_o war_n be_v none_o of_o their_o business_n and_o that_o they_o can_v never_o so_o far_o divest_v themselves_o of_o their_o natural_a inclination_n there_o still_o remain_v something_o in_o they_o which_o will_v prove_v the_o ruin_n of_o themselves_o and_o which_o be_v a_o great_a prejudice_n to_o those_o who_o rely_v upon_o they_o the_o poet_n do_v admirable_o apply_v this_o point_n to_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o sex_n and_o make_v use_v of_o this_o heroine_n in_o the_o case_n who_o seem_v to_o be_v whole_o of_o another_o make_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n she_o perceive_v a_o warrior_n with_o rich_a amour_n she_o be_v present_o for_o have_v the_o spoil_n of_o this_o enemy_n and_o the_o motive_n the_o poet_n give_v she_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o woman_n be_v greedy_a desire_n this_o levity_n of_o the_o sex_n make_v camilla_n forget_v her_o dignity_n and_o the_o take_a care_n of_o her_o safety_n and_o it_o be_v follow_v with_o very_o mischievous_a effect_n she_o be_v kill_v the_o cavalry_n rout_v and_o aeneas_n preserve_v from_o a_o ambuscado_n he_o be_v just_a fall_v into_o the_o passion_n likewise_o be_v the_o internal_a cause_n of_o the_o manner_n if_o we_o love_v any_o person_n we_o love_v all_o we_o see_v in_o he_o even_o to_o his_o fail_n if_o we_o hate_v any_o one_o we_o have_v a_o aversion_n for_o even_o his_o perfection_n so_o great_a a_o power_n have_v passion_n over_o we_o when_o dido_n love_v aeneas_n this_o hero_n in_o her_o eye_n be_v nothing_o less_o than_o a_o 4._o god_n ibid._n but_o be_v she_o incense_v against_o he_o then_o he_o be_v no_o long_a one_o of_o humane_a race_n but_o some_o hard_a heart_a rock_n of_o mount_n caucasus_n be_v scarce_o good_a enough_o to_o be_v his_o father_n but_o the_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o the_o cause_n of_o each_o man_n manner_n be_v his_o own_o action_n this_o cause_n imprint_n the_o strong_a habit_n it_o be_v that_o in_o which_o we_o have_v the_o great_a share_n it_o be_v that_o which_o create_v to_o we_o the_o great_a honour_n if_o the_o manner_n it_o produce_v be_v good_a and_o which_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v our_o great_a shame_n if_o they_o be_v bad_a virgil_n have_v very_o divine_o touch_v upon_o this_o cause_n when_o he_o say_v that_o next_o after_o god_n good_a manner_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o

interest_n prompt_v he_o to_o the_o humour_n and_o the_o inclination_n belong_v to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o moral_n which_o we_o shall_v treat_v of_o particular_o in_o the_o four_o book_n we_o only_o join_v they_o here_o to_o the_o two_o other_o cause_n we_o mention_v and_o of_o all_o three_o we_o affirm_v this_o in_o general_a that_o the_o poet_n ought_v to_o inform_v his_o reader_n of_o they_o and_o make_v they_o conspicuous_a in_o his_o principal_a personage_n when_o he_o introduce_v they_o or_o even_o before_o he_o make_v they_o appear_v homer_n have_v ingenious_o begin_v his_o odysseïs_n with_o the_o transaction_n at_o ithaca_n during_o the_o absence_n of_o ulysses_n if_o he_o have_v begin_v with_o the_o travel_n of_o his_o hero_n he_o will_v scarce_o have_v speak_v of_o any_o one_o else_o and_o a_o man_n may_v have_v read_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o the_o poem_n without_o conceive_v the_o least_o idea_n of_o telemachus_n penelope_n or_o her_o suitor_n who_o have_v so_o great_a a_o share_n in_o the_o action_n but_o in_o the_o beginning_n he_o have_v pitch_v upon_o beside_o these_o personage_n who_o he_o discover_v he_o represent_v ulysses_n in_o his_o full_a length_n and_o from_o the_o very_a first_o open_v of_o the_o action_n one_o see_v the_o interest_n which_o the_o god_n have_v therein_o the_o skill_n and_o care_n of_o the_o same_o poet_n may_v be_v see_v likewise_o in_o introduce_v his_o personage_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o iliad_n where_o he_o discover_v the_o humour_n the_o interest_n and_o the_o design_n of_o agamemnon_n achilles_n nestor_z ulysses_n and_o several_a other_o nay_o and_o of_o the_o god_n too_o and_o in_o his_o second_o book_n he_o make_v a_o review_n of_o the_o grecian_a and_o trojan_a army_n which_o be_v full_a evidence_n that_o all_o we_o have_v here_o say_v be_v very_o necessary_a but_o last_o since_o the_o epic_a poem_n be_v doubtless_o much_o long_a than_o the_o dramatic_a and_o since_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o manage_v the_o incident_n and_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o personage_n in_o that_o than_o in_o the_o other_o one_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o introduce_v all_o of_o they_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o epopéa_n with_o as_o much_o exactness_n as_o in_o the_o first_o act_n of_o a_o theatral_n piece_n where_o at_o least_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v some_o item_n of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v any_o considerable_a part_n in_o the_o intrigue_n i_o mention_v this_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o virgil_n practice_n he_o have_v be_v less_o exact_a than_o the_o greek_a poet_n for_o he_o say_v nothing_o of_o turnus_n latinus_n amata_n and_o other_o italian_n till_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o poem_n but_o it_o be_v true_a likewise_o that_o he_o have_v so_o dispose_v his_o action_n as_o seem_v to_o justify_v this_o delay_n he_o have_v divide_v the_o aeneid_n into_o two_o part_n more_o sensible_o than_o homer_n have_v his_o iliad_n and_o odysseïs_n he_o not_o only_o make_v this_o division_n at_o the_o first_o and_o in_o his_o proposition_n by_o say_v that_o 1._o aeneas_n suffer_v much_o when_o he_o be_v toss_v about_o from_o this_o sea_n to_o that_o and_o from_o one_o province_n to_o another_o and_o suffer_v also_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o in_o the_o war_n he_o be_v engage_v in_o but_o he_o likewise_o when_o he_o begin_v his_o second_o part_n advertise_v his_o reader_n of_o it_o and_o 8._o propose_v the_o thing_n he_o be_v about_o to_o mention_v as_o all_o new_a and_o quite_o of_o another_o make_n from_o the_o former_a thus_o in_o the_o first_o book_n he_o introduce_v the_o principal_a personage_n of_o his_o first_o part_n and_o he_o only_o speak_v of_o those_o who_o be_v to_o appear_v afresh_o in_o the_o second_o part_n in_o his_o six_o seven_o and_o eight_o book_n and_o here_o in_o my_o mind_n he_o be_v less_o fortunate_a than_o the_o greek_a poet._n beside_o these_o more_o general_a cause_n of_o the_o action_n and_o of_o the_o main_a intrigue_n there_o be_v still_o some_o incident_n and_o some_o episodes_n more_o particular_a of_o which_o the_o poet_n must_v give_v a_o account_n this_o happen_v common_o not_o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o action_n but_o only_o when_o the_o poet_n be_v about_o to_o make_v one_o of_o his_o lesser_a recital_n the_o reader_n can_v not_o guess_v how_o the_o wound_n of_o ulysses_n come_v which_o discover_v he_o to_o his_o friend_n not_o why_o camilla_n shall_v be_v in_o love_n with_o war_n nor_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o aeneas_n meet_v with_o several_a person_n in_o the_o shade_n below_o who_o be_v to_o come_v into_o the_o world_n many_o age_n after_o etc._n etc._n therefore_o the_o poet_n must_v tell_v he_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o this_o these_o cause_n must_v be_v good_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o subject_a all_o the_o action_n of_o the_o iliad_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o anger_n be_v the_o displeasure_n apollo_n conceive_v against_o agamemnon_n because_o agamemnon_n likewise_o in_o his_o anger_n have_v affront_v the_o priest_n of_o this_o god_n all_o these_o passion_n have_v probable_a cause_n and_o such_o as_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o general_n subject_a of_o the_o trojan_a war._n for_o as_o this_o general_n cause_o be_v heten'_v be_v ravish_v from_o menelaus_n so_o the_o other_o cause_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n chryseïs_n be_v ravish_v from_o her_o father_n and_o briseïs_n from_o achilles_n in_o short_a all_o be_v stamp_v with_o the_o same_o character_n of_o injustice_n and_o violence_n in_o these_o hero_n if_o the_o hero_n be_v a_o man_n of_o probity_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o his_o design_n shall_v be_v just_a and_o commendable_a as_o those_o in_o the_o odysseïs_n and_o the_o aeneid_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o persecution_n he_o meet_v with_o must_v not_o lessen_v the_o esteem_n which_o the_o poet_n will_v raise_v of_o his_o probity_n neptune_n persecute_v ulysses_n because_o ulysses_n have_v blind_v his_o son_n polypheme_n but_o this_o monster_n have_v already_o devour_v six_o of_o the_o comerade_n of_o ulysses_n and_o be_v just_a upon_o serve_v ulysses_n himself_o and_o the_o rest_n the_o same_o trick_n aeneas_n make_v a_o more_o particular_a profession_n of_o his_o piety_n and_o according_o virgil_n use_v he_o more_o honourable_o the_o cause_n juno_n have_v to_o persecute_v he_o do_v either_o not_o touch_v his_o person_n or_o else_o be_v much_o to_o his_o glory_n since_o the_o only_a one_o which_o concern_v he_o be_v the_o choice_n which_o fate_n make_v of_o he_o to_o lay_v in_o italy_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n 4._o juno_n be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v any_o scornful_a or_o hateful_a thought_n for_o this_o hero_n person_n that_o she_o be_v willing_a to_o trust_v he_o with_o all_o that_o be_v most_o dear_a to_o she_o on_o earth_n and_o make_v he_o lord_n over_o her_o own_o carthage_n she_o can_v never_o have_v give_v a_o more_o considerable_a token_n of_o her_o love_n and_o esteem_v for_o any_o man._n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o intrigue_n and_o the_o vnravel_v thereof_o in_o what_o be_v say_v about_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o action_n one_o may_v have_v observe_v two_o opposite_a design_n the_o first_o and_o most_o principal_a be_v that_o of_o the_o hero_n the_o second_o comprehend_v all_o their_o design_n that_o oppose_v the_o pretension_n of_o the_o hero_n these_o opposite_a cause_n produce_v likewise_o opposite_a effect_n viz._n the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o hero_n for_o the_o accomplish_n his_o design_n and_o the_o endeavour_n of_o those_o who_o be_v against_o it_o as_o these_o cause_n and_o design_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o action_n so_o these_o contrary_a endeavour_n be_v the_o middle_a of_o it_o and_o form_v a_o difficulty_n and_o intrigue_n which_o make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o poem_n it_o last_v as_o long_o as_o the_o reader_n be_v mind_n be_v in_o suspense_n about_o the_o event_n of_o these_o contrary_a endeavour_n the_o solution_n or_o the_o vnravel_n begin_v when_o one_o begin_v to_o see_v the_o difficulty_n remove_v and_o the_o doubt_n clear_v up_o our_o poet_n have_v divide_v each_o of_o their_o three_o poem_n into_o two_o part_n and_o have_v put_v a_o particular_a intrigue_n and_o the_o solution_n of_o it_o in_o each_o part._n the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o iliad_n be_v the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n who_o be_v for_o revenge_a himself_o upon_o agamemnon_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o hector_n and_o the_o trojan_n the_o intrigue_n comprehend_v the_o three_o day_n fight_v which_o happen_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o achilles_n and_o it_o consist_v on_o one_o side_n in_o the_o resistance_n of_o agamemnon_n and_o the_o grecian_n and_o on_o the_o other_o in_o the_o revengeful_a and_o inexorable_a humour_n of_o achilles_n which_o will_v not_o