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A96402 Historical reflections on the Bishop of Rome: chiefly discovering those events of humane affaires which most advanced the papal usurpation. By John Wagstaff, M.A. O.C. Wagstaffe, John, 1633-1677. 1660 (1660) Wing W196; Thomason E1035_9 19,265 43

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of that ridiculous question which was so solemnly sent to Rome Namely Whether he that had the name and title of a King only being given to idlenesse or he that was active and exercised the office and power of a King deserved to weare the regal diademe Which in plain termes was this Whether Chilperick King of France descended from the ancient race of Kings having out of respect to his own ease entrusted the management of affairs with his servant Pipin might not be turned out of that throne which his ancestours had so long enjoyed by his own servant whom he had unadvisedly rais'd to a Capacity of doing it if he would The good Pope was not ashamed of this senselesse question nor needed he to be instructed how profitable it was to judge for the strongest At length it came to this that King Chilperick's head was shaven and his man Pipin's wore the Crown Now Pipin having made use of pontificial authority to cheat the poore Francks of their King and to invade the temporal Soveraignty did out of gratitude recompense the Pope with a spiritual jurisdiction over the Gallicane Church Nay further when Desiderius the Lombard infested Gregory the third Pipin out of a tender regard to that See which had been so friendly towards him not only by his aid delivered the Pope from feare of being besieged in Rome but gave him as the Italian writers say the Exarchate with several other territories Eighthly The Conquering arms of Charlemaign son to King Pipin who having the same reasons that his Father had to indulge the pontificial See confirmed whatsoever his Father Pipin had granted to the Pope Yet to make him the more sure Leo the third with the people of Rome elected him Roman Emperour Hence it came to passe that as far as the Conquests made by Charlemaigne did reach So farre also did Papal authority extend No otherwise than the Mahometan doctrine did enlarge it's bounds by the victorious arms of Ottoman Thus have we proceeded to the Pope's Ecclesiastique supremacy through eight severall causes Of which the six former may be accounted the more remote or procatarctique The two latter being those which put together doe integrate the principal efficient and adaequate cause For although the six procatarctiques did very much embroile the Church affairs and laid them in a tendency to Papal encroachments yet it is evident that the universal power which the Pope acquired over the Western Churches owed it's very rise and being to the notorious jugling between the Roman Bishops and the usurpers of the French Merovingean Crown Well therefore may the Kings of France be stiled the eldest sons of the Papal Church Nay rather let them be stiled fathers thereof There being no appearance in History of a generall submission unto the pontificiall See untill the dayes of the traitor Pipin and the Emperour his Son But then you may perceive as it were a bargain stroake of mutual assistance between the pontificial and the French tyrants The pontificial assistance is made use of by Pipin for the deposing his master and invading the French Crown By Charles his Sonne for the obtaining of the Western Empire They on the other side in lieu of their secular Kingdomes settle upon the Popes an Ecclesiastique Soveraignty Nor are they content to gratifie them only so but they must needs be giving them a very fair temporal demeans The tast of which did so please their palates that they have been ever since hankering to be Lords paramount over all the world in Civil as well as Ecclesiastical affairs Wherefore it behoves me next to set down the remaining causes of the Papal encroachment Whereby the Bishop of Rome was encouraged to usurp unto himselfe the rights of the Magistrate CHAP. III. How or by what Causes the Pope was not onely confirmed in his Ecclesiastical usurpation but was also encouraged to invade the rights of the Magistrate HEre I shall in the first place premise that the causes mention'd in the foregoing Chapter did not only advance the Pope's Ecclesiastique Tyrannie but also had an influence upon the making of way for his temporal usurpation Had he not first come to that heighth in the Church he could never have dreamt of a superintendency over the state Likewise the causes which now follow are to be allowed an influence upon the Popes domination spiritual by way of confirming him in his unjust acquests Although I confesse they do more neerly concerne his invading the rights of the Magistrate in regard that we have already brought him unto the highest pinnacle in the Church Ninthly The donation which Pipin made and his sonne Charles confirmed unto the Pope whereby he was possessed of a very large territory yet not as Lord in chiefe thereof but rather as a dependant on the Empire as appeares by several actions of Charlemaigne and his Sons after him which sufficiently evince that they kept the Soveraignty of those places still unto themselves however this proved such a bait of temptation to the Pope that he hath ever since had an unbridled lust after the kingdomes of this world and the glory thereof insomuch that he who pretends to be the Universal Vicar of Christ and Deputy to Him in His Kingdome seems unto me a pretty riddle Our Saviour doth absolutely Declare that His Kingdome is not of this world But I pray to what world doth that belong which is full of armed Souldiers walled Cities fortified Havens strong Gallies great Guns abundance of Ammunition and Treasures Tenthly The general decay of Learning after the dayes of Charlemaign Whence it came to passe that the East and the West were not more alienated one from the other by the distinction of different Empires than they were by the want of mutual correspondence in learned entercourses Nay it was the policy of the Popes by affronts done to the Emperours and several other waies to augment the strangenesse between the Greeks and the Latines That so the Barbarians being brought up in a prejudice against the Gracians might neglect their language and consequently be overcast with such a night of ignorance that they should not be able to see the injustice of the Papal proceedings And truly to the losse of the Greek tongue may justly be imputed the losse of all purity in the Latine and consequently of History Geography skill in Antiquity and whatsoever savour'd of polite learning Thus the whole Western Empire were quite deprived of the benefit they might have received by informing their judgments in Religion with the goodly books that were written in Greek Nay they did not so much as knowingly converse with the Latin Fathers So that it was allmost impossible for them to be acquainted with the infant purity of the Christian religion which they had taken upon trust from the Roman Bishop Whereas if they had but well studied the writings of those men whose Fathers were converted together with nay some before the Bishop of Rome it would have been