Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	authority_n	king_n	supreme_a	1,568	5	8.4275	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07982	Ciuill considerations vpon many and sundrie histories, as well ancient as moderne, and principallie vpon those of Guicciardin Containing sundry rules and precepts for princes, common-wealths, captaines, coronels, ambassadours and others, agents and seruants of princes, with sundry aduertisements and counsels concerning a ciuill life, gathered out of the examples of the greatest princes and common-wealths in Christendome. Handled after the manner of a discourse, by the Lord Remy of Florence, and done into French by Gabriel Chappuys, Tourangeau, and out of French into English, by W.T.; Considerationi civili sopra l'historie di Francesco Guicciardini e d'altri historici. English	Nannini, Remigio, 1521?-1581?; Traheron, W., attributed name.; W. T., fl. 1601.	1601 (1601)	STC 18348; ESTC S113070	207,479	260

alienate from him straungers and enemies but also his subiects and greatest friends because that the Prince being by nature vnfaithfull and accustomed to shed humane blood is not to spare either friends or parents and much lesse his emulators corriuals competitors or enemies but with all dissimulation fraud and deceit hee will seeke to oppresse those by whose ruine hee may hope to encrease his forces and his owne estate or in any sort to establish the same For this cause a man ought not in any case to trust such Princes neither for promises for prayers neither for safegard or assurance giuen whatsoeuer and those men which commit their persons into the hands of such men which are ambitious disloyall cruell and accustomed to shed blood commit a most grosse fault for vpon the least occasion that may happen they shall be sure to be most cruelly despoyled of their estates and therewith lose their liues The Cardinall Vrsin Vitellozo Vitelli Guiccia● lib. ● Pagolo Orsino Iohn Pagolo Baglioni Liuorato da Fermo and Iohn Bentiuogli and some other pettie Lords of Italie seeing the little faith the great ambition and euill nature of Duke Valentin allied themselues together notwithstanding that they had been his Captaines and Generals in the warres to oppose themselues against the forces of the said Duke who sometime bereaued one Lord and sometime another of his estate and their forces being vnited all together The cunning of Duke Valentin were such that Valentin could not annoy them Valentin had recourse to his subtilty and dissimulation and seeing that he could not resist the forces of the confederates by force he sought by all meanes to disunite the mindes of these Lords and to make the one to suspect the other imagining that hee might easily ouercome them being disunited Cagli The confederates might haue put him in great daunger and disorder for that that they once had put him to flight neere the citie of Cagli if they had followed the victorie Valentin had not had the leisure so soone to raise himself againe But he continuing stiffe and resolute to conclude the agreement which was alreadie begun humbling himselfe and promising to his enemies all that which they could demaund brought the matter so wel about that of most mortall enemies that they were vnto him they became his Leaders Captaines and Souldiers as in former time they had been and serued him with their Infantrie and men at armes against the Duke of Vrbin which was a most grosse and foule fault And Valentin hauing taken by their meanes the estate of Vrbin The crueltie and treason of Duke Valentin and still remembring the hatred conceiued against them he caused them to be apprehended in Sinigaglia and there to be hanged and strangled by the hands of a hangman and taught them to know that it was not lawfull for Captaines to dallie and iest with Dukes and their Superiours to make an oth and to breake it as a man will and afterwards to trust to a cruell tyrant who to encrease his estate turned al things vpside downe And if any man would excuse them and say that they for feare of the forces of the King of France who had alreadie sent succours to Valentin made this agreement I answere them that hauing taken armes against him for the preseruation of their estates and liues it had beene better to haue left all to the incertaine hazard and lot of the warre then to giue credit to the words of one who had neuer maintained his faith agreement nor promise with any man whom they themselues held for a Prince faithlesse treacherous cruell and disloyall CHAP. 55. Jt is a pernicious thing for a Prince to haue two Generals in the warres which striue for preheminence or betweene whom is enuie and emulation IF the error of a Prince or Common-wealth be great which hauing any warre either ciuill or forrain admitteth into his holds and townes any garrison and other men at armes who after they haue ouercome the enemie may also subdue him or them which set them at work and in whose pay they haue made the warre that Prince or Common-wealth shall commit a most great fault who hauing or being to make warre against puissant and politike enemies shall hire and take into his seruice sundrie principall Commanders in the warre which doe enuie one another for glorie or are small friends hauing equall power and almost the same authoritie the second error bringeth peraduenture no lesse euill and preiudice that is to wit to haue two Generals which may warre for the preheminence or which are emulators enuying the one the other The first fault to establish settle within the countrie and as a man might say in the house a succour and garrison of men of warre which after the victorie obtained against the enemies turne and band themselues against the Conquerour by dexteritie may easily be auoided by not trusting wholy thereto but as for the other if the euill be secret and far off a man shall hardly foresee and take order for it ●ycurgus his 〈◊〉 For this cause Lycurgus the most wise lawmaker ordained in his lawes that the Kings of Sparta in their ciuill gouernment should not doe any thing but in the companie of the Magistrate but in time of warres in the field with the armie he would that they should haue supreame power and authoritie that they alone should commaund that all should depend of their will and that the regall authoritie should no way be restrained ioyning certaine counsellors vnto him to consult with them of the affaires of the warre which Lycurgus did with great iudgement because that knowing and foreseeing well that when the armies are opposit the one before the other ready to giue battaile the least stay or slacknes sufficeth to let slip a most happie successe and noble victorie from the one and to giue it to his enemie for then is no time to be busied about the aduice and opinion of many and it is a dangerous matter when souldiers are commanded by many heads who for enuie or hatred raigning betweene them or for their obstinacie or temeritie for the most part agree not together and for this cause hauing confirmed and vnited all the power and authoritie in one man alone and hauing cut off all concurrence and enuie which maketh them equall in discord he willed that he alone should gouerne all and that all the armie should readily obey him As for the first fault wee haue infinit examples in histories both ancient and moderne but this for the present shall suffice Fazel in the uinth booke of the first Decade of the history of Sicilie recited by Fazel in the ninth book of the first Decade of Sicilie to shew how dangerous a thing it is for a Prince to haue to his aide and succour a mightie garrison which afterwards he shall not be able to resist The Reginos a people of Sicilie were once diuided into two

kingdome of Naples Peter hauing resolued to continue constant in the friendship of Alphonse of Arragon King of Naples would neuer giue eare to the French King who desiring to enter into league with him and offered him many faire conditions to which league all the whole citie seemed to leane and to yeeld as inclined and well affected to the French nation For afterwards when the French armies began to haue the better in Italie and the name of the French to be terrible and the affaires of those of the house of Arragon to decline from ill to worse Peter repenting him of his resolute determination to asswage the wrath of Charles 〈…〉 Charles the S. King of 〈…〉 to Peeter de Medicis went to S. Peters to see and speak with him in person where being receiued by the King with better countenance then good will the King made vnreasonable demaunds which were that presently the Fortresses of Serezana and Serezanell which are the keyes of the Florentine Seignorie should be giuen into his hands with the Fortresses of Liuorne and of Pisa and that the Florentines by his meanes should lend him 200000. Ducats and vpon this condition hee would take them into his protection Peter yeelded to all these demands and taking vpon him more authoritie then he ought yeelded the Holds and Fortresses aboue said without out the counsel of the citizens without order from the Magistrates and without giuing the Common-wealth to vnderstand thereof Which being vnderstood at Florence did so moue the harts of the people against him that being returned to the Citie hee was verie vnwelcome Peter de Medicis chased from Florence and by the furie of the Citizens was driuen from the Pallace and out of the Citie and declared and proclaimed a Rebell If in any case it be a matter doubtful yea or very dangerous to passe the bounds of the authoritie receiued and as a man may say play the Prince whereas is no neede it is principally in charges and commaunds in the warres where euery fact done in this manner by a Generall is sufficient to put such iealousie in the hearts of his superiours and make his trust and faith so suspect to the Prince who gaue him such charge that he cannot be put from his gouernment without preiudice of his reputation and daunger of his life Paulo Vitellio a man most valorous and in his time one of the chiefe and most renowned Captaines in Italie being by the Florentines established and made Generall of their armie against the Pisans in that time wherein they were vnder the sauegard and protection of the Venetians for one onely fact wherein he vsurped more authoritie then belonged vnto him put the Florentines in such iealousie and suspition of him that taking all his doings in ill part in the end they bereued him of his life This man being at Casantin against the Venetian armie led by the Duke of Vrbin Bartelmy Liuiano Astor Baglioni and other honourable Captaines all which he did so valiantly resist that he did not onely stop the passage against them but also besieged them with their principall Captaines within Bibienna a Castle of the Casantin The Duke of Vrbin fell sicke in this siege who desired Vitellio to giue him a safeconduct to goe to take Phisicke and to cure himselfe and this Paul vsurping a little too much authoritie Guicciar lib. 4 without acquainting the Florentine Commissioners herewith who represented the state of the Common-wealth gaue safeconduct to the Duke and to Iulian de Medicis a rebell to the Seignorie Common-wealth which made him so suspected that they began to marke his behauiour and the manner of his proceedings for they mistrusted him to haue some secret intelligence with the enemie And for this cause when they afterwards sawe that without any occasion hee abandoned the Fortresse of Stampace which was taken by force and that being able to followe the victorie against the Pisans he tooke no care to pursue them but vsurping supreame power and authoritie hee raised the siege from before Pisa without the leaue or knowledge of the Florentine Commissioners they began to hold for certaine that which before they but doubted Paulo Vitellio condemned to dye by the Florentines in such sort that to rid themselues of this suspition and feare and to giue example to their other Leaders and Commanders of armies they put him to death by order of Iustice But except it were vpon some extreame accident or to auoide some manifest and present danger it were ill done for a man to attribute to himselfe more authoritie then he ought and to promise also that which is not in his power to performe as the Lord of Tremouille who being for Lewes the 12. King of France Generall of his armie against Henry the 8. King of England which made warre against the French King before Terouenne and Tournay The said Generall hauing vnderstood that an armie of 20000. Swissers had besieged Dijon the head Citie of Bourgundy thereby to constraine the French King to giue ouer his claime to the Dutchie of Milan and the said Lord of Tremouille seeing the great danger wherein the realme of France was The Lord of Tremouille with absolute power coucluded a peace with the Swissers notwithstanding that it was vpon very vnworthie conditions hee vsurped and attributed to himselfe more authoritie then to him appertained so as promising that which he could not performe neither had commission to promise he came to parley with the chiefe conductors of the Swissers and promised them that the King of France should surrender the right which he pretended to the state of Milan and to assure his promise he gaue thē 4. French gentlemen in ostage The Lord Generall took this resolution knowing that if the citie of Dijon were taken and lost and that if that nation should not giue ouer to vexe the French King being alreadie tired with warres the Swissers on the one side and the English on the other might without any let march to Paris gates Peter de Medicis might peraduenture haue the same consideration in making his treatie with the King of France who seeing his countrie in great daunger for that the King was in armes victorious displeased with the Florentine Common-wealth and neere vnto Florence but this warlike people easily to bee moued to despite and indignation iudging otherwise of his doings then hee deserued chased him out of the towne and proclaimed him Rebell So as in summe a man ought so moderately to vse the authoritie receiued and to carrie himselfe in such sort that he giue his Prince no cause to be iealous of him by taking vpon him as a Prince when as he is but an inferiour and a seruant it is farre better to shew that he respecteth his Prince by giuing him to vnderstand of all his purposes and enterprises than by vsurping equalitie seeme to make no account of him CHAP. 14. VVhether a publike seruant of a Prince or Common-wealth

blinded with auarice or hatred they be depriued of the valour and prudence of such men and estrange themselues from them Alberigue de Barbian a man of great valour and reputation in the warres in his time committed this error hee hauing subdued the Bouloignois through the prowesse and valour of Braccio de Monton which he acknowledged with many signes of curtesie and good will commending him publikelie and increased his pay and his charge gaue him the armes and ensignes of his house and finallie the gouernment of the whole Armie After the warres of Boulogna were ended it happened that the Venetians made warres vpon the Lordes of Padoua to which the said Barbian was of kinne and allyed hee sent to their succours certaine Captaines of horse and foote and appoynted Braccio Lorens de Cotignola and Rosso de L'aigle for chiefe Commaunders of those troupes Lorens and Rosso did greatly malice the glorie of Braccio and by many detractions and slaunderous speeches bringing him in disgrace with Barbian brought it so to passe that he giuing credit to their backbitings slaunderous wordes and letters resolued with Lorens and Rosso to cause Braccio to be slaine Barbians Wife which deerelie loued the vertue of Braccio knowing how much her husband was bound vnto him and being acquainted with the purpose and deuises of Rosso and Lorens and with the resolution it selfe which they had taken to put him to death she aduertised Braccio thereof willing him speedilie to be gone for that her husband would cause him to bee slaine and tolde him the course which was to be held who they were which had perswaded him thereto Braccio hauing this aduertisement which he soone had being lodged but a league from thence because of the winter mounted on horsebacke with the greatest part of his best friends without saddles or stirrups and got him out of the confines of Barbians dominion and fled to the enemies Campe whither hee was very welcome When the flight of Braccio was made knowne the Souldiers began to mutin and raile against those which had brought him into disgrace with Barbian and to blame Barbian for his lightnes Wherefore Barbian being very sory but too late that he had giuen Braccio occasion to flie from him and grieued to be depriued of so valorous a Captaine wrote him a letter by which he desired to speake with him and yeelding himselfe culpable offered to giue him better pay and more honourable charge than euer hee had before But Braccio answering him with great grauitie would no more assure himselfe of him neither goe to serue a Prince The errour of Alberigue de Barbian Guicciardin lib. 12. who peraduenture another day carried away with the like lightnes might againe conspire his death So Barbian rashlie without thinking thereof giuing occasion to Braccio to forsake him and to goe to his enemies was the cause of the decay of the Padouan Brothers and the aduauncement of their enemies The Catholike King also committed this errour making shew lightlie to regard Peter de Nauarra a Captaine much esteemed and verie valiant in the wars for this King conceiued in his minde that the ouerthrow at Rauenna wherein Peter was taken prisoner happened for the most part through his fault and this Peter being prisoner in France The errour of Ferdmand king of Spaine and set at 20000 Duckats ransome the King continuing his displeasure would not harken to the paiment nor to deliuer him Wherfore Peter perceiuing that the King did little esteeme him and thinking that hee made more account of 20000 crownes then of him resolued to serue the French king Francis the first who loued him much and payde his ransome of 20000 crownes to the Marquesse of Rottelin The errour of Francis the first king of France to whom King Lewes the twelfth had giuen him and Peter to auoide all dishonour gaue the Catholike King to vnderstand that sith hee was abandoned by him and was constrained to leaue in the kingdome of Naples the estate which hee held by his gift being forced by necessitie hee turned to the King of France who hee knew would be his perpetuall enemie But King Francis the first did no lesse a fault to giue occasion to Andre Dorie to forsake his seruice and to serue another for Dorie hauing serued him verie faithfullie with his Gallies the space of fiue yeares continuallie thinking to haue deserued so well as to haue bin employed in all occasions for chiefe the King either for that he cared little for him eyther for that he was perswaded by the prayers and intreaties of the Princes of France which enuying the Italians loue not to see them grow great in the French Court made Admirall and Generall of the Sea in the enterprise of Naples Mounsieur de Barbesieux leauing Dorie as a priuate Captaine leader of his own Gallies onlie who thought that his deserts had bin such that if he had refused such a charge hee should haue beene instantlie intreated to haue accepted thereof Hee thought also that there was great wrong done him in that hee was not paid 20000 crownes due vnto him for his seruice without the which hee could not entertaine his gallies and because that the king was so earnest with him to haue the Marques de Guast and Ascaigno Colomna his prisoners notwithstanding that he promised to pay their ransome yet it seemed that hee would by force take them from him by his royall authoritie and besides that the king had deliuered the Prince of Orange his prisoner would not that hee should pay his ransome at 20000 crownes All these things then and many others whereby the King shewed the small account he made of him were the cause that Dorie forsooke his seruice and went to serue the Emperour Charles the fifth Guicciar li. 19 and the Spanish nation whereof hee had bin a mortall enemie Andrew Dori forsooke King Francis the first in hi● greatest neede And notwithstanding the King perceiuing his owne fault sent to Dorie making him many faire offers yet it was too late for hee would not accept thereof thinking that they were made by constraint and that the King had bin verie slow to shew him curtesie vntill that necessitie and not his owne will did induce him to doe it the King was liberall when it was too late of that which he ought to haue giuen him long before and receiued greater losse by losing this Captaine then if hee had lost the halfe of his armie by Sea as the successe of things which afterwards happened do make manifest Princes and common wealthes may learne by these examples to take heed that they lose not those men in whose vertue they may boldlie repose much trust hauing them on their side and not hauing them haue great occasion to stand in doubt and ought not vpon euery light occasion to neglect them vse them in such sort that they giue them cause to abandon them but ought to cherish them and