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to_o give_v any_o reason_n for_o his_o say_a refusal_n but_o be_v only_o to_o say_v after_o their_o usual_a manner_n nie_n pos_fw-la volam_fw-la it_o be_v not_o my_o pleasure_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o whereupon_o he_o immediate_o withdraw_v from_o out_o of_o the_o diet_n and_o most_o common_o retire_v into_o the_o country_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v either_o kill_v or_o abuse_v as_o it_o often_o happen_v such_o people_n be_v by_o some_o desperate_a member_n of_o the_o diet._n diet._n thns_n sir_n you_o may_v plain_o perceive_v how_o easy_a a_o matter_n it_o be_v for_o any_o foreign_a prince_n to_o interrupt_v all_o the_o project_n of_o this_o diet_n if_o they_o seem_v in_o any_o wise_a to_o move_v against_o his_o interest_n if_o poland_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o any_o nation_n contrary_a to_o the_o french_a interest_n the_o french_a pistole_n can_v easy_o find_v some_o senator_n or_o deputy_n to_o oppose_v this_o design_n or_o if_o 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they_o spin_v it_o out_o never_o so_o long_o for_o if_o the_o marshal_n himself_o shall_v then_o presume_v to_o bid_v they_o hold_v their_o tongue_n they_o will_v infallible_o dissolve_v the_o diet_n by_o protest_v against_o the_o proceed_n thereof_o so_o that_o the_o prudent_a way_n be_v always_o to_o hear_v they_o out_o and_o moreover_o to_o show_v no_o dislike_n to_o the_o impertinent_a speech_n they_o have_v make_v government_n no_o body_n but_o see_v the_o unhappy_a state_n of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n that_o their_o constitution_n and_o privilege_n be_v most_o pernicious_a that_o the_o unlimited_a and_o absolute_a liberty_n of_o each_o member_n make_v all_o the_o republic_n slave_n either_o to_o the_o whimsy_n or_o factious_a obstinacy_n of_o one_o particular_a man_n for_o can_v there_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o unreasonable_a than_o that_o after_o all_o the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n have_v come_v from_o most_o remote_a province_n with_o excessive_a expense_n to_o the_o diet_n and_o labour_v joint_o with_o the_o king_n to_o conclude_v matter_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n of_o the_o nation_n it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o one_o disaffect_v or_o corrupt_v person_n without_o give_v any_o far_a reason_n than_o his_o own_o pleasure_n to_o annul_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o rest_n and_o to_o dissolve_v the_o diet_n at_o a_o juncture_n especial_o when_o there_o be_v the_o great_a occasion_n for_o their_o concurrence_n thus_o sir_n you_o may_v perceive_v that_o affair_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n depend_v not_o only_o on_o the_o prudent_a deliberation_n of_o sober_a man_n but_o also_o on_o the_o whimsical_a humour_n of_o the_o senseless_a or_o deprave_a this_o excessive_a liberty_n of_o every_o private_a man_n show_v that_o both_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o diet_n have_v none_o at_o all_o consent_n this_o constitution_n of_o conclude_a matter_n in_o the_o diet_n rather_o by_o universal_a consent_n than_o plurality_n of_o voice_n be_v establish_v to_o deprive_v their_o king_n of_o all_o mean_n and_o opportunity_n of_o ever_o become_v absolute_a for_o they_o imagine_v it_o be_v moral_o impossible_a as_o it_o real_o be_v that_o whatever_o interest_n or_o authority_n the_o king_n may_v get_v in_o the_o country_n that_o he_o shall_v ever_o so_o far_o prevail_v as_o to_o bring_v all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o diet_n for_o he_o may_v have_v the_o majority_n to_o consent_v to_o any_o article_n or_o bill_n which_o may_v any_o wise_a be_v injurious_a to_o the_o nation_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n observe_v the_o many_o bad_a consequence_n that_o usual_o attend_v and_o must_v still_o necessary_o follow_v such_o constitution_n they_o once_o propose_v to_o decide_v their_o affair_n by_o the_o two_o three_o of_o the_o voice_n yet_o which_o they_o can_v never_o agree_v in_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v overfond_a of_o their_o liberty_n be_v loath_a by_o these_o mean_n to_o consent_v to_o part_v 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no_o less_o than_o a_o miriacle_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v subsist_v so_o long_o and_o dr._n connor_n say_v he_o have_v often_o hear_v they_o say_v that_o their_o preservation_n be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n alone_o that_o protect_v they_o to_o be_v the_o invincible_a bulwark_n of_o europe_n against_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o christendom_n the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n reason_n here_o we_o need_v not_o have_v recourse_n to_o any_o peculiar_a providence_n bestow_v by_o god_n on_o the_o pole_n since_o by_o his_o own_o ordinary_a concourse_n to_o all_o natural_a cause_n we_o may_v easy_o collect_v that_o the_o polish_v nation_n can_v not_o but_o subsist_v hitherto_o only_o but_o likewise_o must_v in_o all_o probability_n last_o as_o long_o as_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n and_o this_o for_o several_a reason_n reason_n first_o because_o though_o the_o king_n power_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o law_n his_o
of_o the_o great_a dutchy_n army_n and_o receive_v no_o manner_n of_o order_n from_o the_o crown-general_n except_o where_o both_o be_v joint_o engage_v in_o a_o battle_n power_n these_o great_a general_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n have_v the_o great_a power_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o they_o have_v then_o a_o supreme_a command_n in_o the_o army_n they_o give_v battle_n and_o besiege_v town_n without_o the_o king_n participation_n and_o settle_v winter-quarter_n where_o and_o upon_o what_o land_n they_o think_v fit_a this_o power_n of_o they_o be_v so_o extraordinary_a considerable_a that_o a_o great_a general_n be_v formidable_a to_o all_o the_o nobility_n duty_n their_o duty_n be_v to_o keep_v good_a order_n and_o discipline_n in_o the_o army_n to_o punish_v mutinous_a and_o seditious_a officer_n and_o soldier_n to_o settle_v the_o prize_n of_o all_o commodity_n and_o provision_n bring_v into_o the_o camp_n to_o give_v command_n or_o necessary_a order_n for_o a_o charge_n or_o retreat_n and_o in_o fine_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o his_o majesty_n can_v be_v he_o present_a army_n it_o be_v therefore_o the_o interest_n of_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n always_o to_o head_n his_o army_n himself_o to_o have_v his_o son_n with_o he_o in_o the_o field_n and_o to_o give_v they_o opportunity_n to_o gain_v reputation_n and_o credit_n by_o their_o valour_n and_o conduct_n for_o the_o more_o the_o king_n increase_v his_o own_o fame_n or_o that_o of_o his_o son_n the_o more_o he_o diminish_v the_o credit_n and_o power_n of_o his_o general_n who_o be_v the_o only_a person_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o be_v most_o to_o be_v fear_v and_o who_o have_v the_o great_a power_n and_o influence_n over_o the_o gentry_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n general_n the_o present_a great_a general_n of_o poland_n be_v the_o count_n jablonowski_n of_o the_o french_a faction_n and_o of_o lithuania_n prince_n sapieha_n suppose_v to_o be_v of_o the_o austrian_a faction_n successive_a when_o the_o office_n of_o great_a general_n be_v vacant_a the_o little_a or_o lieutenant-general_n have_v a_o right_a to_o succeed_v he_o office_n the_o two_o lieutenant-general_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n be_v to_o preside_v in_o all_o court-marshal_n and_o to_o take_v care_n that_o guard_n be_v strict_o keep_v throughout_o the_o camp_n also_o they_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o all_o spy_n and_o scout_n be_v send_v out_o as_o often_o as_o occasion_n require_v and_o last_o to_o see_v that_o foreign_a soldier_n be_v due_o pay_v guard_n the_o business_n of_o the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n in_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o command_v sole_o those_o soldier_n who_o be_v assign_v to_o guard_v his_o majesty_n person_n in_o the_o camp_n but_o upon_o the_o king_n departure_n this_o officer_n power_n cease_v army_n there_o be_v several_a other_o officer_n of_o note_n in_o the_o army_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o which_o be_v the_o great_a ensign_n or_o standard-bearer_n the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o artillery_n the_o camp_n notary_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o incursion_n of_o which_o two_o last_v i_o shall_v only_o speak_v here_o camp-notary_n camp-notary_n be_v paymaster_n general_n for_o the_o army_n both_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n incursion_n the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n etc._n etc._n this_o officer_n be_v post_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n towards_o crim-tartary_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n authority_n for_o the_o civil_a state-officer_n there_o be_v the_o two_o great_a secretary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o duchy_n they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o privy-council_n and_o to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o what_o the_o chancellor_n and_o vice_n chancellor_n do_v they_o must_v both_o be_v ecclesiastic_n and_o their_o office_n be_v a_o great_a step_n to_o the_o chancellor_n dignity_n they_o have_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o king_n signet_n and_o be_v qualify_v for_o the_o high_a episcopal_a honour_n and_o have_v precedence_n before_o most_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n or_o kingdom_n office_n the_o master_n of_o request_n or_o referendary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n their_o business_n be_v to_o receive_v petition_n make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o give_v his_o majesty_n answer_n they_o have_v a_o place_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o justice_n these_o be_v in_o all_o four_o one_o ecclesiastical_a and_o one_o civil_a for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o great_a office_n duchy_n two_o cupbearer_n for_o each_o nation_n for_o the_o same_o two_o carver_n and_o two_o sword-bearer_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n these_o supply_n either_o the_o absence_n or_o vacancy_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o great_a treasurer_n prussia_n the_o treasurer_n of_o prussia_n who_o business_n be_v to_o take_v all_o account_n of_o the_o collector_n of_o revenue_n in_o that_o province_n and_o to_o transmit_v they_o to_o the_o great_a treasurer_n judge_n associate_n to_o judge_n which_o be_v general_o such_o as_o reside_v in_o the_o king_n court_n viz._n the_o master_n of_o request_n vicechancellor_n etc._n etc._n notary_n two_o chief_a notary_n of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o civil_a cause_n either_o of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o the_o great_a duchy_n inchancery_n two_o register_n in_o the_o chancery_n of_o both_o nation_n escheator_n a_o officer_n that_o look_v after_o the_o escheat_n call_v by_o we_o escheator_n he_o can_v either_o sue_v for_o or_o seize_v any_o such_o land_n or_o good_n as_o fall_v to_o the_o crown_n house_n the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o custom-house_n who_o give_v in_o their_o account_n as_o often_o as_o the_o great_a treasurer_n require_v they_o mine_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o silver_n lead_v and_o salt_n mine_n they_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n over_o the_o workman_n there_o but_o must_v nevertheless_o admit_v of_o appeal_n to_o court_n mint_n the_o governor_n or_o warden_n of_o the_o mint_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n their_o business_n be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o money_n there_o coin_v be_v of_o weight_n and_o value_n court-officer_n the_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n court_n be_v treat_v of_o before_o in_o the_o letter_n to_o his_o grace_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n district_n the_o officer_n of_o district_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o sort_n civil_a and_o military_a the_o civil_a be_v office_n the_o vice-chamberlain_n who_o office_n be_v to_o decide_v all_o difference_n within_o his_o district_n about_o the_o bound_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o he_o be_v swear_v he_o have_v several_a deputy_n under_o chamberlain_n he_o call_v chamberlain_n who_o he_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o to_o who_o he_o give_v a_o oath_n to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o office_n it_o be_v at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o displace_v these_o as_o often_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a assistant_n the_o judge_n who_o together_o with_o his_o assistant_n determine_v all_o civil_a cause_n and_o controversy_n prothonotary_n the_o prothonotary_n who_o in_o those_o court_n have_v likewise_o a_o power_n of_o give_v his_o opinion_n collector_n the_o head_n collector_n of_o the_o public_a revenue_n who_o be_v accountable_a above_o call_v the_o other_o officer_n be_v less_o considerable_a be_v sewer_n carver_n cupbearer_n sword-bearer_n etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n of_o there_o be_v such_o officer_n in_o every_o palatinate_n be_v because_o former_o each_o province_n of_o poland_n be_v a_o sovereignty_n and_o have_v its_o peculiar_a prince_n who_o have_v all_o their_o court-officer_n but_o now_o though_o these_o office_n remain_v yet_o it_o be_v only_o with_o honorary_a title_n and_o some_o few_o privilege_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v that_o when_o the_o king_n come_v into_o their_o palatinate_n his_o court-officer_n must_v leave_v to_o they_o the_o honour_n of_o serve_v he_o at_o table_n bear_v the_o sword_n before_o he_o etc._n etc._n district_n the_o military_a officer_n of_o a_o district_n be_v starostas_n with_o and_o without_o jurisdiction_n jurisdiction_n starostas_n with_o jurisdiction_n be_v governor_n of_o castle_n and_o royal_a city_n who_o sit_v and_o hear_v private_a cause_n of_o small_a moment_n once_o a_o fortnight_n and_o those_o of_o great_a concern_v every_o six_o week_n if_o nothing_o intervene_v to_o prevent_v they_o etc._n these_o have_v vice_n starostas_fw-la judge_n clerk_n and_o servant_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o sheriff_n officer_n to_o enforce_v justice_n in_o case_n of_o resistance_n starostas_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o starostas_n extend_v not_o only_o over_o the_o commonalty_n but_o likewise_o over_o the_o gentry_n they_o have_v also_o a_o care_n of_o the_o
the_o church_n and_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v assist_v to_o they_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o sentence_n as_o often_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o require_v nunciature_n to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n belong_v the_o court_n of_o nunciature_n hold_v by_o the_o pope_n nuncio_n for_o that_o purpose_n always_o reside_v in_o poland_n however_o before_o he_o can_v have_v any_o jurisdiction_n he_o must_v have_v present_v the_o king_n and_o the_o principal_a minister_n of_o state_n with_o the_o apostolic_a brief_n of_o his_o nunciature_n court_n the_o civil_a jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v among_o divers_a sort_n of_o judge_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o gentry_n some_o of_o these_o determine_v cause_n exempt_a from_o appeal_n and_o other_o can_v tribunal_n those_o from_o who_o there_o lie_v no_o appeal_n be_v the_o three_o hightribunal_n institute_v by_o stephen_n batori_n the_o judge_n whereof_o be_v all_o gentry_n two_o of_o these_o tribunal_n be_v for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o one_o for_o the_o great_a duchy_n those_o for_o the_o kingdom_n keep_v their_o session_n six_o month_n at_o petricovia_n in_o low_a poland_n and_o the_o other_o six_o at_o lublin_n in_o high_a poland_n that_o for_o the_o great_a duchy_n be_v alternative_o one_o year_n at_o vilna_n and_o another_o either_o at_o novogrodec_n or_o minski_n they_o all_o consist_v of_o so_o many_o judge_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a choose_v out_o of_o every_o palatinate_n the_o former_a once_o in_o four_o year_n and_o the_o latter_a once_o in_o two_o judgement_n be_v pronounce_v here_o by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n but_o where_o matter_n be_v pure_o ecclesiastical_a there_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o many_o of_o the_o clergy_n as_o the_o laity_n the_o cause_n here_o be_v hear_v in_o order_n for_o three_o day_n be_v allow_v to_o enter_v all_o that_o come_v and_o whatever_o be_v not_o enter_v within_o that_o time_n can_v be_v adjudge_v that_o sit_v a_o man_n that_o have_v a_o trial_n in_o these_o court_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v all_o the_o nation_n for_o his_o judge_n deputy_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a be_v send_v thither_o for_o that_o purpose_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n green-cloth_n the_o senate_n also_o judge_n of_o civil_a or_o criminal_a matter_n without_o appeal_n as_o do_v likewise_o the_o great_a marshal_n in_o all_o case_n relate_v to_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o the_o great_a chancellor_n in_o matter_n of_o appeal_n to_o the_o court_n which_o they_o have_v only_a cognisance_n of_o but_o the_o marshal_n jurisdiction_n extend_v over_o all_o merchant_n and_o stranger_n both_o who_o find_v but_o little_a justice_n do_v they_o in_o poland_n when_o they_o have_v occasion_n for_o it_o court_v also_o there_o be_v two_o exchequer_n court_v for_o the_o revenue_n one_o hold_v at_o radom_n in_o high_a poland_n and_o the_o other_o at_o vilna_n these_o court_n seldom_o sit_v above_o a_o fortnight_n or_o three_o week_n appeal_n those_o that_o be_v not_o exempt_a from_o appeal_n be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o gentry_n and_o commonalty_n in_o every_o palatinate_n which_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o have_v any_o of_o the_o clergy_n for_o judge_n those_o for_o the_o gentry_n be_v either_o the_o court_n of_o land-judicature_n or_o those_o of_o the_o starostas_n and_o be_v more_o or_o few_o in_o number_n according_a to_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o palatinate_n where_o they_o be_v hold_v judge_n the_o court_n of_o land-judicature_n have_v one_o judge_n a_o associate_n and_o a_o natory_n or_o head-clerk_n to_o try_v cause_n and_o administer_v all_o civil_a justice_n in_o some_o place_n four_o in_o other_o six_o time_n a_o year_n and_o in_o other_o once_o a_o month._n the_o courseof_o these_o court_n can_v only_o be_v interrupt_v by_o the_o death_n of_o any_o of_o their_o judge_n by_o the_o diet_n or_o by_o the_o general_a meeting_n of_o the_o palatine_n and_o magistrate_n which_o last_o be_v every_o autumn_n to_o hear_v appeal_n from_o inferior_a court_n the_o town_n where_o the_o gentry_n sit_v be_v in_o great_a number_n and_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o none_o who_o have_v land_n or_o good_n within_o each_o jurisdiction_n can_v be_v make_v to_o appear_v at_o a_o court_n where_o they_o have_v none_o court_n the_o immediate_a appeal_n from_o these_o court_n be_v to_o the_o vice-chamberlain_n of_o the_o palatinate_n who_o either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o deputy_n the_o chamberlain_n of_o that_o district_n restore_v all_o that_o have_v be_v dispossess_v and_o ascertain_v all_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o land_n this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v his_o whole_a jurisdiction_n but_o where_o there_o be_v any_o contest_v between_o the_o king_n and_o any_o of_o the_o gentry_n in_o this_o kind_a then_o at_o their_o request_n appeal_n commissioner_n be_v appoint_v out_o of_o the_o senate_n to_o inspect_v the_o matter_n dispute_v and_o to_o do_v justice_n therein_o likewise_o where_o the_o difference_n be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o a_o clergyman_n commissioner_n be_v order_v but_o there_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n claim_v the_o nomination_n of_o one_o or_o more_o of_o they_o when_o any_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o land-judicature_n die_v the_o king_n can_v name_v other_o till_o the_o district_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v have_v choose_v four_o out_o of_o the_o housekeeper_n but_o then_o he_o may_v pitch_v upon_o one_o for_o each_o election_n this_o office_n be_v once_o obtain_v it_o can_v be_v forfeit_v but_o by_o a_o high_a promotion_n or_o male_a administration_n court_n the_o other_o court_n for_o the_o gentry_n be_v those_o that_o take_v cognizance_n of_o criminal_a case_n whereof_o there_o be_v one_o only_o in_o every_o starostaship_n call_v sudy_a grodskie_n where_o either_o the_o starosta_n himself_o or_o his_o lieutenant-criminal_a administer_v justice_n in_o his_o castle_n or_o some_o other_o public_a place_n at_o least_o every_o six_o week_n he_o likewise_o have_v cognisance_n of_o civil_a cause_n between_o such_o as_o have_v no_o land_n and_o such_o foreigner_n as_o come_v to_o trade_n here_o process_n in_o criminal_a case_n be_v to_o be_v serve_v here_o a_o fortnight_n and_o in_o civil_a a_o week_n before_o the_o court_n sit_v office_n he_o be_v also_o the_o executive_a minister_n of_o all_o sentence_n pronounce_v and_o likewise_o a_o sole_a conservator_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o his_o territory_n he_o be_v oblige_v by_o himself_o or_o his_o officer_n to_o see_v all_o public_a execution_n perform_v the_o court_n of_o the_o commonalty_n be_v either_o in_o city_n or_o village_n city_n in_o city_n justice_n be_v administer_v by_o the_o scabin_n town-hall_n or_o judg-advocate_n the_o scabin_n have_v cognisance_n of_o all_o capital_a offence_n and_o criminal_a matter_n the_o town-hall_n of_o all_o civil_a case_n to_o which_o likewise_o the_o gentry_n be_v subject_a and_o the_o judg-advocate_n of_o offence_n commit_v by_o soldier_n civil_a matter_n of_o small_a moment_n be_v determine_v sole_o by_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n but_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o appeal_v to_o the_o town-hall_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o king_n village_n in_o village_n the_o commonalty_n be_v subject_a to_o scabin_n be_v the_o king_n officer_n and_o to_o scultet_n or_o peculiar_a lord_n from_o which_o last_o lie_v no_o appeal_n here_o justice_n be_v almost_o arbitrary_a except_o in_o criminal_a case_n the_o scultet_n be_v hereditary_a judge_n the_o execution_n of_o all_o sentence_n in_o city_n and_o town_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o its_o own_o magistrate_n though_o in_o some_o case_n they_o be_v force_v to_o beg_v assistance_n from_o the_o starostas_fw-la court_v the_o officer_n and_o magistrate_n of_o the_o plebeian_n court_n be_v some_o name_v by_o their_o peculiar_a lord_n and_o some_o elect_v by_o their_o fellow_n citizen_n except_o in_o cracow_n only_o where_o the_o palatine_a have_v a_o right_a of_o choose_v the_o magistrate_n though_o he_o have_v not_o the_o same_o power_n to_o dis-place_n they_o after_o they_o be_v once_o choose_v for_o they_o be_v to_o continue_v their_o office_n for_o life_n unless_o they_o forfeit_v it_o by_o infamy_n or_o inability_n out_o of_o the_o xxiv_o compose_v the_o council_n or_o senate_n of_o cracow_n the_o palatine_a every_o year_n depute_v eight_o with_o the_o title_n and_o power_n of_o president_n he_o also_o name_v the_o judge_n and_o scabins_n by_o the_o magdeburg_n law_n though_o these_o in_o other_o city_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o council_n the_o scultet_n or_o hereditary_a judge_n can_v be_v remove_v but_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n profit_n the_o profit_n of_o all_o office_n be_v but_o very_o small_a and_o scarce_o any_o certain_a the_o pole_n esteem_v the_o honour_n of_o enjoy_v they_o sufficient_a recompense_n nevertheless_o they_o have_v all_o salary_n and_o perquisites_n though_o inconsiderable_a jurisdiction_n the_o military_a
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reality_n he_o have_v the_o law_n on_o his_o side_n it_o be_v certain_a therefore_o that_o where_o any_o person_n withstand_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o diet_n it_o be_v either_o because_o the_o king_n have_v not_o sufficient_o employ_v his_o authority_n to_o pacify_v he_o or_o policy_n to_o win_v he_o with_o a_o small_a present_n or_o else_o by_o reason_n that_o he_o do_v not_o care_n they_o shall_v agree_v or_o last_o because_o there_o be_v a_o considerable_a party_n of_o senator_n and_o deputy_n that_o support_v or_o rather_o employ_v he_o to_o protest_v against_o a_o act_n that_o they_o do_v not_o think_v for_o their_o interest_n to_o let_v pass_v it_o be_v a_o common_a practice_n where_o any_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o senate_n have_v any_o particular_a advantage_n by_o oppose_v the_o diet_n proceed_n not_o to_o expose_v themselves_o either_o to_o the_o hatred_n or_o anger_n of_o that_o numerous_a body_n but_o rather_o to_o sacrifice_v some_o private_a deputy_n to_o their_o fury_n who_o for_o a_o small_a sum_n of_o money_n will_v come_v into_o the_o diet_n and_o declare_v in_o plain_a term_n without_o any_o manner_n of_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o pleasure_n that_o such_o a_o matter_n then_o in_o agitation_n shall_v pass_v whereupon_o he_o immediate_o withdraw_v if_o he_o can_v into_o the_o country_n for_o security_n but_o general_o these_o opposition_n be_v never_o practise_v where_o the_o public_a interest_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v concern_v as_o appear_v in_o the_o raise_n the_o last_o siege_n of_o vienna_n by_o the_o turk_n where_o the_o pole_n find_v that_o the_o loss_n of_o that_o city_n will_v turn_v be_v very_o much_o to_o their_o prejudice_n march_v direct_o under_o their_o then_o reign_v king_n john_n iii_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o it_o which_o they_o soon_o effect_v to_o their_o immortal_a honour_n and_o glory_n it_o be_v true_a that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o easy_a matter_n to_o bring_v the_o pole_n into_o the_o field_n but_o when_o 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that_o exorbitant_a power_n which_o they_o have_v former_o so_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o for_o their_o benefit_n to_o let_v they_o perish_v for_o whoever_o can_v be_v able_a to_o conquer_v poland_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o own_o dominion_n will_v quick_o be_v too_o powerful_a for_o all_o the_o rest_n reason_n three_o the_o pole_n beside_o this_o can_v the_o easy_o conserve_v their_o dominion_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v no_o strong_a fort_n or_o castle_n to_o shelter_v their_o enemy_n where_o they_o happen_v to_o make_v any_o progress_n in_o their_o country_n yet_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o welldisciplined_a man_n will_v at_o present_a conquer_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o poland_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o can_v not_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v it_o carolus_n custavus_n king_n of_o sueden_n with_o about_o forty_o thousand_o man_n entire_o subdue_v poland_n in_o less_o than_o two_o year_n time_n yet_o when_o he_o begin_v to_o encroach_v too_o much_o upon_o their_o constitution_n and_o liberty_n the_o polish_v gentry_n join_v unanimous_o together_o and_o soon_o drive_v the_o suede_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o tartar_n in_o numerous_a body_n make_v frequent_a incursion_n into_o this_o open_a country_n but_o still_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v load_v themselves_o with_o their_o booty_n they_o make_v all_o possible_a haste_v away_o the_o loss_n of_o caminiec_n make_v the_o pole_n admire_v at_o their_o own_o policy_n in_o have_v no_o strong_a town_n for_o they_o say_v have_v not_o that_o be_v so_o well_o fortify_v it_o have_v not_o serve_v for_o shelter_n to_o a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o turk_n and_o tartar_n at_o their_o door_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o fort_n and_o castle_n which_o we_o count_v our_o great_a security_n will_v inevitable_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o pole_n they_o be_v not_o skilled_a in_o besiege_v town_n and_o moreover_o have_v no_o good_a artillery_n engineer_n ammunition_n or_o other_o necessary_n since_o they_o never_o be_v nor_o ever_o will_v be_v able_a to_o retake_v caminiec_n though_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o no_o extraordinary_a strength_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o very_o believe_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v surrender_v to_o they_o they_o will_v quick_o raze_v and_o demolish_v it_o poland_n sir_n have_v thus_o far_o treat_v only_o of_o the_o diet_n or_o parliament_n of_o poland_n i_o will_v now_o proceed_v to_o present_v you_o with_o a_o cursory_a account_n of_o its_o other_o assembly_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o therefore_o must_v acquaint_v you_o that_o beside_o the_o grand_a diet_n and_o senate_n the_o clergy_n there_o have_v both_o a_o general_a convocation_n and_o two_o provincial_a synod_n but_o which_o be_v whole_o regulate_v and_o awe_v by_o the_o pontifical_a chair_n i_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o leopol_n though_o he_o can_v call_v and_o hold_v his_o synod_n apart_o yet_o be_v he_o altogether_o subject_a in_o spiritual_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n or_o primate_n of_o poland_n the_o general_a convocation_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n convene_v every_o three_o year_n at_o petricovia_n lanschet_fw-mi or_o lowitz_n whereof_o the_o minor_a clergy_n as_o in_o england_n be_v admit_v by_o their_o deputy_n or_o representative_n court_n as_o for_o cours_n of_o justice_n the_o pole_n have_v one_o that_o be_v whole_o peculiar_a to_o the_o interregnum_fw-la which_o they_o call_v the_o kaptur_n this_o be_v twofold_a either_o general_a which_o sit_v during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la to_o prevent_v disorder_n and_o which_o have_v power_n over_o life_n and_o death_n or_o particular_a in_o the_o several_a palatinate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o former_a be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o prime_a nobility_n and_o those_o of_o the_o latter_a out_o of_o the_o nobility_n in_o general_n of_o every_o palatinate_n at_o the_o several_a particular_a convention_n and_o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o every_o interregnum_fw-la all_o these_o court_n cease_v three_o week_n before_o the_o assembly_n for_o election_n meet_v and_o after_o the_o election_n they_o sit_v again_o to_o the_o very_a day_n of_o the_o coronation_n jurisdiction_n the_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o poland_n be_v either_o ecclesiastical_a civil_a or_o military_a the_o ecclesiastical_a as_o in_o other_o nation_n be_v altogether_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o bishop_n who_o have_v each_o their_o chancellor_n register_n etc._n etc._n from_o who_o appeal_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o even_o from_o the_o archbishop_n of_o leopol_n to_o he_o of_o gnesna_n who_o be_v the_o pope_n legate_n bear_v and_o primate_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o poland_n nevertheless_o from_o he_o appeal_v lie_v to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n these_o judge_n according_a to_o the_o canon_n and_o custom_n of_o