Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	authority_n	great_a	power_n	1,773	5	4.5419	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40104	The history of the troubles of Suethland and Poland, which occasioned the expulsion of Sigismundus the Third, king of those kingdomes, with his heires for ever from the Suethish crown with a continuation of those troubles, untill the truce, an. 1629 : as also, a particular narration of the daily passages at the last and great treaty of pacification between those two kingdomes, concluded at Stumbsdorff in Prussia, anno 1635 : concluding with a breife commemoration of the life and death of Sr. George Duglas, Knight, Lord Ambassadour extraordinary from the late King of Great Brittaine, for the treaty above mentioned / faithfully couched by J. Fowler ...	Fowler, J. (John); Sweden. Treaties, etc. Poland, 1635 Sept. 12.; Poland. Treaties, etc. Sweden, 1635 Sept. 12.	1656 (1656)	Wing F1731; ESTC R42031	226,818	260

by_o tico_n laurentius_n signify_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o wish_v the_o promise_n of_o observe_a unblamedly_n what_o have_v be_v swear_v unto_o and_o of_o a_o reception_n correspond_v to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n which_o he_o willing_o receive_v may_v be_v second_v by_o effect_n which_o hitherto_o they_o have_v not_o be_v and_o but_o small_a hope_n for_o the_o future_a according_a to_o the_o report_v make_v of_o the_o unnecessary_a military_a expedition_n undertake_v by_o his_o dilection_n the_o decision_n and_o dispose_n whereof_o he_o commit_v to_o god_n that_o as_o to_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o those_o find_v in_o the_o fort_n of_o calmar_n which_o in_o his_o second_o letter_n he_o argue_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o to_o promise_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o no_o injury_n be_v do_v unto_o they_o and_o wish_v that_o more_o hard_a measure_n be_v not_o offer_v to_o his_o own_o servant_n in_o the_o like_a case_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n that_o he_o hope_v and_o be_v persuade_v his_o dilection_n will_v not_o fall_v into_o extremity_n by_o give_v beginning_n or_o cause_n of_o effusion_n of_o blood_n which_o himself_o will_v by_o all_o fair_a mean_n decline_v and_o shun_v so_o as_o if_o thing_n shall_v fall_v out_o otherwise_o his_o might_n have_v a_o clear_a conscience_n before_o god_n and_o the_o world_n herewith_o he_o commit_v his_o dilection_n to_o the_o divine_a goodness_n these_o be_v give_v from_o the_o camp_n at_o stegeburg_n the_o 24_o august_n 1598._o i_o have_v only_o recite_v the_o head_n of_o these_o letter_n the_o whole_a be_v overlong_a to_o insert_v and_o shall_v use_v the_o like_a abbreviation_n in_o those_o that_o follow_v refer_v the_o curious_a for_o further_a satisfaction_n unto_o the_o thing_n themselves_o to_o these_o letter_n the_o duke_n return_v answer_v by_o lindormius_n reply_n rob_v desire_v a_o positive_a declaration_n of_o what_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o his_o majesty_n return_v into_o the_o kingdom_n with_o such_o extraneous_a arm_a band_n beside_o his_o raise_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n in_o each_o province_n concern_v which_o his_o majesty_n letter_n give_v no_o satisfaction_n that_o unless_o a_o absolute_a and_o wish_a answer_n be_v obtain_v he_o shall_v be_v compele_v albeit_o un_o willing_o whereof_o he_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v to_o renounce_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n make_v to_o his_o majesty_n as_o his_o majesty_n on_o the_o other_o part_n have_v not_o observe_v his_o promise_n but_o that_o if_o his_o majesty_n will_v grant_v to_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n such_o letter_n of_o security_n as_o have_v be_v by_o he_o late_o tender_v to_o the_o electoral_a and_o ducall_a ambassador_n for_o the_o regal_a confirmation_n and_o will_v dismiss_v his_o foreign_a force_n refer_v all_o controversy_n to_o a_o fair_a decision_n in_o free_a parliament_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o electoral_a and_o other_o princely_a public_a minister_n he_o likewise_o will_v then_o disband_v his_o army_n and_o render_v to_o his_o majesty_n that_o duty_n and_o obedience_n whereunto_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o oath_n his_o desire_n be_v only_o that_o himself_o with_o the_o order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n may_v enjoy_v their_o habitation_n peaceable_o and_o that_o his_o majesty_n will_v not_o permit_v those_o perfidious_a counselor_n to_o seduce_v he_o any_o long_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o his_o majesty_n his_o subject_n and_o the_o realm_n these_o be_v date_v at_o lincopia_n the_o twenty_o seven_o of_o august_n 1598._o this_o be_v second_v by_o a_o other_o of_o the_o thirty_o of_o the_o say_a second_v month_n wherein_o the_o duke_n show_v that_o he_o never_o intend_v to_o receive_v his_o majesty_n otherwise_o than_o as_o become_v his_o lawful_a king_n which_o he_o have_v personal_o demonstrate_v at_o his_o majesty_n arrival_n if_o the_o conclusion_n make_v with_o samuel_n lasky_n his_o majesty_n ambasador_n have_v be_v observe_v and_o that_o the_o finlander_n have_v not_o rebellous_o fall_v down_o in_o multitude_n with_o ship_n ordinance_n fire-ball_n and_o other_o military_a furniture_n to_o the_o very_a skirt_n of_o stockholme_n threaten_v rapine_n slaughter_n and_o devastation_n to_o his_o dukedom_n when_o he_o shall_v be_v go_v to_o meet_v his_o majesty_n he_o therefore_o in_o friendly_a and_o brotherly_a manner_n beseech_v his_o majesty_n to_o be_v mindful_a of_o his_o regal_a promise_n to_o dismiss_v those_o alien_n to_o secure_v he_o and_o his_o follower_n and_o to_o remit_v all_o matter_n of_o dissension_n to_o a_o legal_a inquisition_n and_o discussion_n in_o free_a parliament_n before_o equal_a un-interessed_n arbitrator_n these_o letter_n wherein_o several_a objection_n of_o the_o king_n be_v answer_v but_o here_o for_o avoid_v of_o prolix_a repetition_n omit_v be_v date_v as_o abovesaid_a from_o the_o memmian_a field_n whether_o the_o duke_n be_v then_o come_v with_o a_o strong_a army_n to_o these_o the_o king_n return_v answer_v that_o the_o transaction_n answer_n with_o laskie_n of_o the_o breach_n whereof_o he_o be_v tax_v be_v also_o un-observed_n on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o the_o finlander_n by_o his_o command_n have_v approach_v towards_o stocholme_n to_o attend_v his_o come_n that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v rebel_n who_o do_v not_o appose_v their_o lawful_a lord_n nor_o obtrude_v upon_o he_o intolerable_a condition_n but_o seek_v to_o protect_v the_o regal_a jurisdiction_n and_o authority_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o suethland_n that_o the_o army_n of_o alien_n whereof_o his_o dilection_n complain_v so_o much_o shall_v be_v discharge_v in_o time_n convenient_a especial_o when_o his_o dominion_n subject_n fort_n army_n navy_n ordinance_n and_o other_o thing_n right_o belong_v unto_o he_o be_v restore_v but_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o his_o dilection_n with_o a_o numerous_a power_n raise_v in_o his_o own_o dukedom_n be_v come_v against_o he_o exhaust_v his_o subject_n with_o exaction_n and_o payment_n so_o as_o in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n he_o can_v not_o enjoy_v his_o peculiar_a revenue_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v want_v to_o he_o and_o his_o regal_a train_n in_o his_o progress_n his_o own_o soldier_n be_v invite_v seduce_v and_o entertain_v by_o the_o adverse_a party_n by_o all_o which_o thing_n it_o be_v evident_a by_o who_o default_n the_o country_n substance_n be_v consume_v that_o concern_v his_o dilection_n desire_v of_o security_n from_o violence_n and_o injustice_n and_o the_o leave_v of_o all_o discord_n to_o the_o examination_n of_o sincere_a neutral_a arbitrator_n he_o have_v former_o answer_v that_o have_v attain_v the_o year_n of_o discretion_n he_o understand_v what_o the_o municipal_a law_n advise_v in_o that_o case_n whereunto_o he_o resolve_v to_o adhere_v and_o according_o to_o protect_v his_o dilection_n and_o follower_n as_o also_o his_o other_o subject_n but_o that_o as_o thing_n be_v himself_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o enjoy_v a_o peaceable_a habitation_n nor_o the_o revenue_n of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o suethland_n belong_v unto_o he_o that_o he_o therefore_o require_v his_o dilection_n to_o retire_v into_o his_o dukedom_n and_o there_o quiet_o to_o remain_v restore_v all_o thing_n he_o have_v take_v from_o he_o as_o also_o his_o faithful_a subject_n and_o servant_n in_o former_a year_n and_o late_o even_o at_o his_o door_n surprise_v and_o hurry_v into_o prison_n that_o as_o to_o further_a security_n it_o be_v convenient_a and_o practicable_a according_a to_o the_o best_a constitute_v christian_a law_n even_o among_o equal_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v unjust_o detain_v shall_v be_v first_o restore_v with_o sufficient_a security_n for_o all_o matter_n of_o further_a demand_n that_o his_o dilection_n shall_v likewise_o abstain_v from_o the_o title_n of_o governor_n usurp_v without_o the_o royal_a consent_n himself_o be_v now_o of_o full_a age_n and_o able_a by_o the_o divine_a assistance_n to_o rule_v alone_o without_o a_o tutor_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o reason_n yea_o a_o thing_n unheard_a of_o that_o a_o king_n be_v of_o lawful_a year_n there_o shall_v be_v any_o other_o governor_n in_o suethland_n beside_o himself_o and_o be_v therefore_o resolve_v not_o to_o expose_v himself_o to_o derision_n or_o to_o a_o diminution_n of_o his_o honour_n by_o a_o long_a sufferance_n of_o such_o injury_n that_o when_o his_o dilection_n shall_v perform_v all_o these_o thing_n his_o action_n will_v then_o be_v answerable_a to_o his_o word_n and_o will_v give_v a_o clear_a testimony_n that_o he_o begin_v to_o have_v a_o due_a regard_n unto_o the_o royal_a dignity_n and_o to_o the_o prosperity_n peace_n and_o emolument_fw-fr of_o the_o nation_n that_o by_o such_o mean_v all_o thing_n may_v not_o only_o come_v to_o a_o right_a examination_n but_o also_o attain_v the_o wish_a end_n these_o date_v from_o stegeburg_n the_o three_o of_o september_n 1598._o the_o duke_n by_o a_o reply_n

king_n sigismundus_n return_v answer_v the_o day_n follow_v answer_n that_o he_o have_v receive_v his_o m_o 〈…〉_z tory_n letter_n touch_v assecuration_n that_o he_o wonder_v why_o his_o dilection_n will_v so_o long_o time_n varnish_v over_o his_o unjust_a cause_n before_o the_o promiscuous_a ignorant_a multitude_n see_v he_o can_v not_o prove_v but_o that_o fit_a assecuration_n have_v be_v offer_v but_o not_o accept_v and_o that_o while_o one_o demand_n be_v grant_v other_o be_v make_v far_o different_a as_o the_o last_o article_n may_v testify_v that_o he_o follow_v he_o with_o a_o strong_a army_n have_v seize_v the_o castle_n of_o stegeburg_n his_o ship_n and_o several_a other_o thing_n which_o notwithstanding_o his_o promise_a preservation_n of_o they_o will_v have_v be_v more_o safe_a in_o his_o own_o custody_n that_o in_o answer_n to_o his_o letter_n he_o desire_v that_o his_o dilection_n will_v rest_v satisfy_v with_o that_o assecuration_n which_o as_o consentaneous_a to_o reason_n and_o his_o dignity_n he_o have_v already_o offer_v but_o if_o not_o that_o he_o may_v proceed_v to_o do_v what_o it_o seem_v he_o will_v not_o leave_v undo_v yet_o with_o what_o fame_n he_o leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o honest_a and_o unbiased_a mind_n that_o himself_o commit_v the_o decision_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n lincopia_n 23._o september_n 1598._o duke_n charles_n reply_v that_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n but_o that_o reply_n all_o admonition_n prove_v vain_a through_o the_o prevalency_n of_o perverse_a and_o wicked_a counselor_n he_o also_o commit_v the_o matter_n to_o god_n before_o who_o he_o protest_v that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o trouble_n nor_o of_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n like_o to_o ensue_v wherefore_o he_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o his_o majesty_n will_v absolve_v he_o of_o his_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n which_o do_v he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o repel_v unjustice_n and_o violence_n by_o fit_a way_n and_o mean_n but_o that_o if_o possible_a he_o beseech_v his_o majesty_n by_o the_o love_n of_o god_n to_o weigh_v the_o matter_n more_o serious_o and_o not_o permit_v this_o mischief_n to_o spread_v further_o to_o his_o own_o and_o the_o kingdom_n prejudice_n and_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v by_o he_o be_v omit_v he_o have_v send_v a_o draught_n of_o the_o assecuration_n desire_v by_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n wherein_o he_o hope_v nothing_o unjust_a will_v be_v find_v camp_n 24._o september_n 1598._o two_o day_n after_o duke_n charles_n write_v again_o to_o the_o duke_n king_n that_o see_v the_o condition_n tender_v be_v not_o admit_v and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o convenient_o propound_v any_o other_o as_o also_o that_o he_o hope_v his_o majesty_n will_v so_o resolve_v as_o may_v be_v honourable_a for_o both_o side_n he_o therefore_o desire_v that_o his_o majesty_n will_v transmit_v a_o draught_n of_o the_o assecuration_n he_o will_v give_v and_o receive_v whereupon_o he_o will_v so_o declare_v himself_o as_o may_v be_v satisfactory_a to_o his_o majesty_n these_o be_v date_v the_o 26._o of_o the_o say_a month_n the_o day_n follow_v king_n sigismundus_n send_v letter_n of_o safe_a grant_v conduct_n for_o such_o of_o the_o nobility_n with_o their_o servant_n as_o the_o duke_n sh●●ld_v send_v to_o treat_v with_o he_o import_v security_n in_o come_v deliver_v what_o they_o have_v in_o commission_n and_o sa●e_v return_v duke_n charles_n also_o do_v the_o like_a for_o his_o nephew_n prince_n edward_n marquesse_n of_o baden_n with_o other_o lord_n to_o be_v send_v to_o he_o from_o the_o king_n by_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v be_v easy_o discern_v say_v suethe_n the_o suethe_v whether_o duke_n charles_n receive_v from_o king_n sigismundus_n answer_v condign_a to_o his_o letter_n wherein_o he_o desire_v nothing_o but_o the_o good_a of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n and_o that_o if_o he_o will_v have_v listen_v to_o the_o duke_n faithful_a advice_n and_o counsel_n he_o need_v not_o to_o have_v flee_v when_o none_o pursue_v or_o that_o if_o he_o have_v love_v justice_n he_o may_v judicial_o have_v prevent_v those_o evil_n by_o a_o decision_n by_o equal_a arbitrator_n before_o who_o the_o duke_n and_o order_n of_o suethland_n be_v willing_a to_o answer_v to_o whatsoever_o can_v right_o be_v object_v against_o they_o they_o say_v further_o that_o they_o have_v oftentimes_o just_a occasion_n give_v they_o of_o renounce_v all_o fidelity_n and_o obedience_n towards_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o come_v not_o unto_o they_o as_o a_o good_a and_o peaceable_a king_n but_o as_o a_o enemy_n and_o persecuter_n offer_v violence_n and_o injustice_n to_o those_o that_o will_v not_o submit_v to_o his_o wicked_a intention_n nor_o admit_v of_o his_o perverse_a religion_n and_o that_o he_o have_v absolve_v they_o from_o their_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n in_o the_o former_a letter_n whereby_o they_o have_v just_a cause_n to_o have_v try_v the_o utmost_a which_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o his_o highness_n and_o they_o have_v desire_v that_o twelve_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o each_o side_n man_n qualify_v prudent_a judicious_a and_o lover_n of_o peace_n shall_v meet_v examine_v and_o decide_v the_o whole_a controversy_n and_o restore_v and_o settle_v peace_n concord_n and_o brotherly_a love_n whereunto_o king_n sigismundus_n do_v likewise_o consent_n but_o that_o the_o same_o be_v by_o he_o observe_v as_o other_o thing_n have_v former_o be_v and_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o keep_v faith_n in_o promise_n by_o jesuit_n and_o romish_a priest_n for_o the_o night_n follow_v the_o royal_a army_n conduct_v by_o wejerus_n make_v a_o onset_n upon_o the_o ducall_a camp_n disperse_v the_o night_n guard_v kill_v some_o and_o seize_v other_o prisoner_n as_o be_v do_v not_o only_o at_o lincopia_n but_o at_o stegeburg_n also_o but_o see_v their_o attempt_n prove_v unsuccesfull_a both_o polander_n and_o suethes_n who_o fight_v under_o the_o king_n ensign_n begin_v to_o cry_v and_o ingeminate_v peace_n peace_n which_o the_o king_n say_v they_o with_o his_o follower_n may_v have_v enjoy_v if_o the_o officer_n thereof_o have_v be_v timely_o embrace_v but_o that_o it_o be_v then_o over-late_a to_o treat_v when_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n lay_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n each_o intend_v on_o his_o enemy_n the_o revenge_n of_o his_o fellow_n soldier_n duke_n charles_n and_o the_o suethe_v as_o themselves_o assert_v have_v assertion_n then_o both_o cause_n and_o advantage_n sufficient_a to_o have_v utter_o ruin_v their_o advarsary_n yet_o they_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v entreat_v to_o show_v more_o mercy_n and_o mildness_n than_o they_o have_v deserve_v by_o abstain_v from_o that_o revenge_n be_v then_o in_o their_o power_n to_o have_v take_v upon_o king_n sigismundus_n with_o his_o whole_a 234._o army_n to_o the_o great_a detriment_n and_o misfortune_n i_o use_v their_o own_o word_n of_o themselves_o and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suethland_n as_o hope_v for_o better_a thing_n in_o the_o future_a from_o king_n sigismundus_n from_o who_o they_o find_v worse_o by_o a_o ensue_a cruel_a war_n with_o the_o polander_n and_o lithuanian_n touch_v a_o final_a end_n whereof_o no_o certain_a conjecture_n can_v be_v make_v but_o that_o if_o they_o have_v as_o then_o they_o affirm_v they_o may_v destroy_v he_o and_o his_o force_n those_o tumult_n have_v happy_o soon_o cease_v and_o many_o gallant_a man_n who_o afterward_o perish_v in_o those_o war_n have_v survive_v nor_o have_v his_o highness_n and_o themselves_o be_v defame_v by_o so_o many_o unjust_a aspersory_a libel_n as_o be_v spread_v in_o all_o part_n which_o nevertheless_o they_o hope_v to_o confute_v all_o which_o thing_n happen_v by_o suffer_a king_n sigismundus_n then_o say_v they_o to_o escape_v to_o the_o further_a prosecution_n of_o his_o country_n contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o magnanimous_a potentate_n who_o expose_v their_o life_n to_o defend_v they_o from_o spoil_n and_o rapine_n the_o cruel_a fight_n be_v over_o king_n sigismundus_n enter_v into_o agreement_n with_o the_o duke_n for_o the_o restore_n and_o confirm_v of_o mutual_a friendship_n brotherly_a confidence_n with_o administration_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n between_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o highness_n whereof_o i_o give_v here_o the_o head_n only_o refer_v as_o in_o all_o naration_n of_o act_n the_o more_o curious_a to_o the_o instrument_n itself_o date_v at_o lincopia_n the_o twenty_o eight_o of_o september_n 1598._o and_o first_o that_o whereas_o the_o duke_n his_o most_o dear_a uncle_n and_o all_o duke_n those_o of_o his_o party_n have_v religious_o promise_v unto_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n due_a obedience_n fidelity_n and_o brotherly_a affection_n according_a to_o their_o respective_a oath_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o blood_n proximity_n and_o their_o tie_n of_o duty_n and_o subjection_n he_o likewise_o do_v by_o

the_o twelve_o of_o january_n 1635._o there_o be_v then_o present_a the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n ambassador_n only_o viz._n andrea_n a_o kreytzen_n governor_n of_o the_o province_n joannes_n georgius_n a_o saucken_n chancellor_n bernhardus_fw-la a_fw-fr konigseck_n counsellor_n of_o the_o province_n and_o captain_n of_o angerburgen_n georgius_n a_o rauschke_n counsellor_n of_o the_o juridical_a court_n and_o petrus_n bergmannus_n one_o of_o the_o electoral_a council_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n on_o each_o side_n attend_v with_o a_o hundred_o horse_n or_o dragoone_n and_o so_o many_o foot_n without_o colour_n or_o military_a ensign_n their_o train_n in_o like_a manner_n not_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o one_o hundred_o shall_v repair_v thither_o and_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o mediator_n into_o the_o church_n of_o the_o say_a town_n by_o the_o door_n near_o to_o their_o respective_a lodging_n and_o place_v at_o a_o triangule_a table_n without_o the_o least_o of_o precedency_n or_o advantage_n to_o either_o party_n and_o the_o former_a instrument_n of_o security_n for_o the_o six_o year_n truce_n end_v the_o of_o 1_o 11_o july_n ensue_v retain_v its_o full_a force_n they_o shall_v confer_v together_o about_o the_o principal_a affair_n this_o agreement_n be_v sign_v by_o the_o say_a subdelegate_n and_o the_o electoriall_a ambassador_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o instrument_n upon_o the_o day_n appoint_v poland_n the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o poland_n who_o be_v to_o give_v they_o their_o use_a title_n the_o most_o reverend_a jacobus_n zadzick_n bishop_n of_o culmen_fw-la and_o pomesania_fw-la elect_v of_o gracovia_n lord_n high_a chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n the_o most_o illustrious_a christopher_n radzivill_n duke_n of_o bierzie_n and_o dubinskie_n palatine_n of_o vilnen_n lord_n general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n governor_n of_o bistrycen_n and_o qiznorcen_n raphael_n the_o lesno_n leszozyuskie_n palatine_a of_o belze_n rubiesoviensis_n magnus_fw-la ernest_n danhoff_n castellan_n of_o pernaw_n and_o derpaten_n captain_n of_o herbipolen_n remigius_n de_fw-fr ostole_n zaleskie_n refendary_a of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o also_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suethland_n viz._n the_o most_o illustrious_a peter_n break_v earl_n of_o wisingeborg_n free_a baron_n in_o redboholm_n and_o lindholm_n suethland_n provincial_n judge_n of_o wesmannia_n montenia_n and_o dalria_n herman_n wrangle_v knight_n hereditary_a in_o ahlo_n and_o skogloster_n martial_n of_o the_o field_n and_o governor_n general_n in_o prussia_n achatius_n axle_n hereditary_a in_o g●xsholme_n and_o kinkesta_n adsessor_n supremi_fw-la dicasterij_fw-la and_o provincial_n judge_n of_o nericia_n senator_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suethland_n and_o john_n nicodemus_n secretary_n and_o commissary_n ordinary_a in_o prussia_n these_o from_o elbing_n those_o from_o morung_v set_v forth_o towards_o holland_n be_v of_o equal_a distance_n where_o they_o enter_v with_o their_o train_n in_o such_o equipage_n as_o may_v set_v forth_o their_o greatness_n they_o be_v bring_v soon_o after_o conform_v to_o the_o forementioned_a instrument_n into_o the_o church_n of_o that_o town_n by_o the_o prussia_n forename_a electoral_a ambassador_n as_o then_o only_o present_a and_o be_v place_v in_o their_o seat_n the_o forename_a chancellor_n of_o brandenburg_n george_n sauske_n in_o a_o long_a oration_n set_v forth_o the_o fervent_a desire_n of_o his_o prince_n for_o the_o settle_n of_o a_o perpetual_a peace_n congratulate_v also_o the_o happy_a arrival_n of_o the_o commissioner_n into_o that_o province_n design_v for_o this_o so_o important_a and_o weighty_a business_n and_o conclude_v with_o precation_n for_o the_o prosperous_a success_n and_o issue_n of_o this_o so_o much_o desire_v treaty_n whereunto_o of_o the_o one_o side_n the_o chancellor_n of_o poland_n and_o of_o the_o other_o earl_n brake_n reply_v equal_o conjoy_v and_o conjoin_v wish_n with_o wish_n these_o civil_a courtship_n thus_o perform_v the_o electoral_a ambassador_n to_o lose_v no_o time_n and_o to_o show_v their_o authority_n and_o sincerity_n exhibit_v their_o credential_o to_o the_o commissioner_n of_o both_o side_n prealluble_o desire_v the_o like_a sight_n of_o they_o which_o the_o pole_n will_v have_v decline_v as_o not_o necessary_a allege_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o person_n of_o their_o quality_n will_v present_v themselves_o in_o so_o public_a a_o cause_n without_o sufficient_a power_n and_o authority_n from_o their_o principal_n the_o sueth_n on_o the_o contrary_a insist_v main_o that_o the_o meeting_n procuratorialls_n may_v be_v produce_v to_o which_o end_n they_o show_v they_o affirm_v that_o until_o the_o clear_n of_o those_o they_o can_v proceed_v no_o further_o which_o be_v at_o last_o agree_v unto_o the_o party_n interchangeable_o deliver_v up_o their_o commission_n to_o each_o other_o but_o the_o day_n be_v then_o short_a they_o can_v not_o in_o that_o inch_n of_o time_n take_v so_o particular_a view_n of_o they_o as_o they_o desire_v wherefore_o they_o consent_v that_o each_o party_n take_v with_o they_o the_o other_o plenipotentiary_n shall_v within_o two_o or_o three_o day_n return_v the_o same_o back_n and_o a_o second_o meeting_n be_v appoint_v the_o 26_o the_o follow_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o many_o and_o great_a difficulty_n begin_v to_o appear_v even_o at_o this_o first_o entrance_n into_o the_o treaty_n the_o ambassador_n of_o great_a britain_n who_o during_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o day_n he_o have_v stay_v to_o refresh_v himself_o in_o dantzig_n have_v deliver_v the_o king_n his_o master_n letter_n and_o his_o verbal_a injunction_n to_o the_o senate_n of_o that_o city_n be_v desirous_a to_o be_v present_a for_o the_o more_o easy_a composure_n of_o difference_n at_o their_o very_a beginning_n he_o with_o mr._n francis_n gordon_n the_o king_n agent_n there_o come_v to_o holland_n holland_n the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o january_n where_o have_v receive_v and_o return_v visit_n to_o the_o electoral_a ambassador_n and_o learned_a of_o they_o in_o what_o term_v the_o matter_n stand_v he_o expect_v the_o time_n appoint_v for_o the_o meeting_n which_o together_o with_o the_o commissioned_n party_n be_v come_v and_o the_o usual_a ceremonial_a salute_v receive_v and_o render_v his_o lordship_n take_v with_o he_o the_o electoral_a minister_n endeavour_v to_o temper_n and_o mollify_v the_o gaul_v mind_n of_o the_o party_n by_o conciliate_v and_o extenuate_v the_o difficulty_n like_v to_o increase_v by_o debate_v the_o procuratoriall_a letter_n the_o commissioner_n of_o poland_n appear_v not_o as_o then_o so_o stiff_a nor_o scrupulous_a in_o those_o thing_n of_o lesser_a moment_n for_o when_o his_o lordship_n propound_v the_o sequester_v of_o the_o plenipotentiaries_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o mediator_n during_o the_o treaty_n they_o forthwith_o assent_v whereas_o the_o suethe_v vehement_o repugn_v but_o because_o the_o present_a altercation_n proceed_v from_o defect_n which_o each_o party_n pretend_v to_o find_v in_o the_o other_o letter_n of_o procuration_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o say_v something_o of_o they_o whilst_o the_o commissioner_n of_o both_o side_n scrutenize_v each_o other_o procuratory_n plenipotentiarie_n sundry_a error_n be_v find_v in_o either_o in_o that_o of_o suethland_n the_o polonian_n object_n 1._o that_o they_o begin_v with_o a_o new_a unused_a stile_n the_o title_n of_o design_a queen_n and_o end_n with_o that_o or_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o tutor_n 2._o that_o they_o detract_v from_o his_o majesty_n of_o poland_n the_o title_n of_o hereditary_a king_n of_o suethen_n and_o defer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o daughter_n of_o king_n gustavus_n 3._o that_o they_o intermix_v the_o province_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o title_n in_o their_o commission_n 4._o that_o albeit_o the_o princess_n christina_n be_v design_v queen_n as_o be_v allege_v it_o may_v yet_o be_v question_v whence_o she_o derive_v to_o herself_o the_o power_n of_o determine_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o of_o alliance_n which_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o other_o design_a prince_n 5._o by_o what_o right_a the_o tutor_n strain_n to_o vindicate_v to_o themselves_o a_o power_n chief_o regal_a over_o their_o design_a queen_n as_o themselves_o call_v she_o 6._o whether_o the_o design_a queen_n be_v bind_v to_o stand_v to_o condition_n make_v by_o her_o tutor_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o tutor_n can_v prejudice_v his_o pupil_n in_o aught_o and_o chief_o a_o subject_a his_o prince_n especial_o in_o a_o kingdom_n hereditary_n 7._o what_o assurance_n be_v there_o that_o the_o order_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o suethen_n will_v allow_v of_o that_o which_o by_o the_o say_a tutor_n or_o in_o their_o name_n be_v transact_v see_v that_o in_o the_o procuratorialls_n no_o mention_v be_v make_v of_o those_o order_n 8._o forasmuch_o as_o the_o chancellor_n of_o suethen_n axelius_fw-la oxenstiern_n be_v now_o the_o chief_a

who_o undoubted_o will_v thereupon_o conclude_v and_o ordain_v so_o as_o may_v be_v most_o conduce_v to_o the_o honour_n and_o advantage_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o oath_n and_o assecuration_n alternative_o give_v it_o be_v conclude_v also_o that_o no_o trouble_n or_o molestation_n shall_v accrue_v to_o the_o king_n by_o seek_v or_o desire_v any_o determination_n or_o resolution_n in_o poland_n concern_v the_o affair_n of_o suethland_n in_o regard_n his_o majesty_n have_v not_o there_o those_o person_n near_o he_o to_o who_o he_o may_v commit_v the_o expedit_v of_o the_o suethish_a affair_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o conclude_v that_o all_o juridical_a process_n grievance_n and_o controversy_n shall_v be_v examine_v &_o define_v within_o the_o kingdom_n conform_v to_o the_o law_n of_o suethland_n and_o the_o decree_n relate_v thereunto_o publish_v at_o vbsall_n an._n 1593._o which_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v confirm_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v transmit_v into_o poland_n nor_o that_o any_o sentence_n or_o resolution_n touch_v they_o shall_v be_v expect_v thence_o but_o that_o if_o any_o one_o think_v himself_o injure_v thereby_o he_o may_v appeal_v unto_o the_o king_n return_n whether_o that_o any_o regal_a sentence_n give_v without_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v obtain_v execution_n within_o the_o same_o otherwise_o no_o man_n to_o be_v prohibit_v to_o repair_v or_o seek_v unto_o the_o king_n about_o his_o private_a affair_n or_o other_o thing_n lawful_a and_o rational_a not_o tend_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o especial_o of_o those_o who_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n provide_v that_o as_o aforesaid_a the_o king_n mandate_n and_o writ_n shall_v be_v first_o direct_v and_o address_v unto_o his_o highness_n and_o the_o senatoriall_a order_n the_o execution_n of_o they_o not_o to_o be_v immediate_o commit_v unto_o any_o other_o concern_v the_o office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o his_o highness_n and_o the_o senatoriall_a college_n with_o the_o counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o chief_a other_o order_n who_o the_o matter_n may_v concern_v shall_v as_o occasion_n require_v in_o his_o majesty_n absence_n consider_v of_o meet_a person_n so_o that_o such_o man_n and_o servant_n may_v be_v prefer_v to_o office_n and_o charge_n in_o the_o kingdom_n respective_o as_o do_v right_o belong_v and_o be_v tie_v by_o oath_n to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o that_o special_a and_o serious_a regard_n be_v have_v to_o ancient_a and_o well_o deserve_a person_n as_o also_o that_o none_o of_o the_o prime_a office_n of_o the_o nation_n shall_v be_v entire_o commit_v to_o any_o one_o before_o the_o provincial_n inhabitant_n where_o such_o a_o officer_n be_v requisite_a and_o any_o other_o therein_o concern_v may_v have_v free_a suffrage_n or_o vote_n by_o who_o three_o candidati_fw-la or_o person_n elective_a be_v to_o be_v name_v as_o the_o law_n of_o suethland_n to_o the_o observation_n whereof_o his_o majesty_n have_v swear_v concern_v the_o chief_a office_n do_v in_o some_o sort_n mention_n which_o three_o person_n elect_v be_v to_o be_v signify_v unto_o his_o majesty_n out_o of_o which_o number_n he_o may_v appoint_v one_o who_o he_o best_o approve_v of_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o rational_o lawful_a objection_n against_o they_o and_o do_v nevertheless_o defer_v the_o approbation_n of_o some_o one_o of_o they_o perhaps_o not_o without_o detriment_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o government_n thereof_o his_o highness_n have_v power_n to_o place_v one_o of_o the_o three_o so_o elect_v in_o the_o say_a office_n yet_o that_o no_o official_o former_o perfer_v by_o his_o majesty_n shall_v be_v dismiss_v unless_o lawful_a cause_n be_v find_v whereby_o upon_o due_a inspection_n and_o examination_n they_o may_v appear_v worthy_a of_o deprivation_n neither_o that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v advance_v to_o a_o great_a plurality_n of_o office_n than_o he_o can_v commodious_o and_o with_o utility_n to_o the_o kingdom_n undergo_v these_o thing_n be_v by_o they_o enact_v the_o duke_n on_o the_o other_o thereof_o part_n do_v stipulate_v in_o these_o word_n we_o charles_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n hereditary_a prince_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suethland_n duke_n of_o sudermannia_n nericia_n and_o wermelandia_n do_v promise_n that_o we_o will_v diligent_o assist_v by_o the_o senatoriall_a order_n as_o well_o of_o spiritual_a as_o secular_a person_n endeavour_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o ability_n so_o to_o manage_v the_o kingdom_n affair_n as_o we_o shall_v know_v or_o conceive_v to_o be_v most_o advantageous_a to_o his_o majesty_n commodious_a to_o this_o our_o most_o dear_a country_n beneficial_a to_o the_o order_n and_o faithful_a subject_n thereof_o and_o emolumentall_a to_o all_o person_n whereby_o every_o one_o may_v be_v maintain_v and_o protect_v in_o the_o pure_a evangelical_n religion_n according_a to_o the_o augustane_n confession_n and_o the_o profession_n of_o faith_n institute_v at_o ubsall_n and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o suethen_n and_o those_o privilege_n and_o prerogative_n which_o each_o man_n conform_v to_o his_o condition_n enjoy_v and_o have_v obtain_v from_o precedent_a king_n and_o governor_n as_o also_o that_o we_o will_v govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o suethen_n and_o the_o affair_n thereof_o whole_o according_a to_o the_o oath_n which_o his_o majesty_n at_o his_o coronation_n at_o ubsall_n do_v swear_v to_o his_o subject_n and_o do_v secure_a unto_o they_o by_o writing_n and_o as_o we_o with_o our_o best_a and_o clear_a judgement_n shall_v find_v or_o can_v imagine_v may_v be_v profitable_a to_o his_o majesty_n and_o emolumentary_a to_o the_o order_n and_o subject_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o well_o of_o the_o clergy_n as_o the_o laiety_n even_o as_o we_o desire_v god_n assist_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o same_o before_o god_n his_o majesty_n and_o the_o respective_a order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whatsoever_o likewise_o shall_v by_o we_o with_o the_o free_a advice_n of_o the_o senator_n which_o without_o any_o prejudice_n they_o may_v safe_o communicate_v be_v approve_v and_o conclude_v as_o we_o will_v not_o decree_v aught_o in_o weighty_a affair_n relate_v to_o the_o kingdom_n without_o the_o senatoriall_a suffrage_n we_o will_v unanimous_o maintain_v and_o defend_v that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v preserve_v firm_a and_o irrevocable_a to_o the_o present_a and_o future_a time_n and_o that_o we_o will_v according_o all_o as_o one_o and_o one_o as_o all_o profess_v and_o protect_v the_o same_o if_o in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o shall_v be_v needful_a and_o requisite_a last_o in_o testimony_n that_o we_o do_v willing_o constitute_v and_o approve_v of_o this_o transaction_n in_o manner_n as_o aforesaid_a for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o majesty_n our_o most_o gracious_a king_n the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o do_v ordain_v the_o same_o to_o be_v unviolable_o observe_v word_n for_o word_n according_a to_o the_o clear_a literal_a sense_n thereof_o without_o prejudice_n or_o violation_n to_o the_o regal_a eminency_n and_o jurisdiction_n and_o our_o oath_n as_o the_o law_n of_o suethen_n require_v we_o charles_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n hereditary_a prince_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suethland_n duke_n agreement_n of_o sudermannia_n nericia_n and_o wermelandia_n and_o we_o the_o order_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n forementioned_a have_v hereunto_o affix_v our_o seal_n and_o subscribe_v the_o same_o with_o our_o hand_n and_o if_o we_o or_o other_o present_a or_o absent_a who_o have_v not_o assist_v at_o this_o convention_n which_o we_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o impute_v as_o proceed_v from_o pertinaciousness_n or_o disobedience_n shall_v refuse_v to_o approve_v with_o we_o of_o what_o before_o recite_v conclude_v for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o his_o majesty_n and_o our_o country_n whereof_o the_o parliament_n be_v end_v intimation_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o province_n and_o that_o by_o previous_a information_n and_o admonition_n they_o shall_v not_o offer_v or_o produce_v any_o lawful_a reason_n in_o contradiction_n hereunto_o which_o they_o have_v free_a liberty_n to_o do_v we_o certain_o will_v send_v messenger_n unto_o they_o and_o will_v hold_v they_o for_o nonconforming_a and_o disturb_a minister_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o whosoever_o shall_v not_o adjoyn_v themselves_o hereto_o if_o constitute_v in_o any_o of_o the_o eminent_a office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o diminish_v their_o public_a authority_n and_o power_n as_o we_o shall_v judge_v consentaneous_a to_o equity_n and_o reason_n lest_o the_o kingdom_n of_o suethland_n shall_v from_o thence_o receive_v detriment_n and_o seed_n of_o dissension_n in_o like_a manner_n they_o who_o shall_v detract_v or_o apostatise_v from_o this_o our_o general_n free_a and_o unanimous_a transaction_n whether_o

for_o favour_n of_o great_a one_o peculiar_a profit_n or_o other_o cause_n under_o what_o notion_n soever_o comprehend_v or_o shall_v refuse_v to_o contribute_v their_o endeavour_n hereunto_o whereby_o force_n secret_o or_o open_o may_v be_v obtrude_v by_o any_o whosoever_o in_o prejudice_n of_o what_o his_o majesty_n have_v give_v assecuration_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o whereupon_o this_o our_o transaction_n be_v found_v we_o shall_v account_v they_o as_o person_n treacherous_a to_o the_o king_n and_o seditious_a to_o the_o kingdom_n perfidious_a man_n and_o to_o their_o country_n traitor_n and_o that_o we_o will_v mutual_o assist_v each_o other_o to_o their_o prosecution_n and_o extermination_n enact_v at_o sudercopia_n the_o twenty_o second_o of_o october_n 1595_o more_o particularity_n have_v be_v use_v in_o recite_v albeit_o brief_o the_o head_n of_o this_o parliamentary_a act_n and_o its_o conclusion_n then_o be_v intend_v with_o other_o the_o like_a this_o be_v that_o which_o king_n sigismundus_n afterward_o so_o much_o endeavour_v the_o disannul_n of_o and_o which_o the_o suethe_n do_v so_o much_o instance_n and_o justify_v themselves_o upon_o in_o this_o manner_n be_v duke_n charles_n design_v governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v no_o way_n please_v to_o king_n sigismundus_n displease_v suspect_v the_o like_a have_v severe_o forbid_v all_o man_n the_o repair_n to_o that_o convention_n and_o afterward_o endeavour_v the_o frustration_n thereof_o by_o discourage_v and_o divert_v the_o observance_n requisite_a and_o partly_o by_o letter_n patent_n partly_o by_o threaten_n by_o promise_n and_o reward_n he_o draw_v sundry_a to_o his_o party_n but_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n foreseeing_a as_o they_o affirm_v great_a disturbance_n to_o arise_v which_o be_v of_o necessity_n to_o be_v crush_v assemble_v in_o full_a body_n value_v more_o the_o general_a good_a than_o the_o regal_a injunction_n in_o prejudice_n thereof_o albeit_o several_a and_o of_o the_o finlander_v not_o a_o few_o do_v decline_v their_o appearance_n nor_o do_v the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n only_a endeavour_n say_v they_o the_o annihilation_n of_o this_o convention_n but_o likewise_o stir_v up_o most_o grievous_a tumult_n and_o dissension_n in_o finland_n where_o by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o governor_n there_o so_o cruel_a war_n be_v raise_v as_o sundry_a thousand_o of_o innocent_a rustic_n tenant_n or_o tributary_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v miserable_o slay_v for_o oppose_v themselves_o to_o unheard_a of_o exaction_n and_o military_a station_n or_o quartering_n great_a number_n of_o soldier_n be_v there_o keep_v on_o foot_n along_o time_n who_o the_o king_n by_o the_o treacherous_a insinuation_n of_o the_o claudius_n flemingius_n aruidus_fw-la ericke_n and_o axle_n kurike_v allure_v to_o his_o side_n arm_v and_o incense_a they_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o his_o country_n and_o when_o the_o country_n grievance_n be_v dilate_v unto_o he_o they_o be_v say_v they_o slight_v and_o no_o redress_n obtain_v by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o soldier_n and_o subject_n exasperate_v against_o each_o other_o do_v rush_v together_o with_o mutual_a wound_n and_o slaughtering_n many_o of_o the_o forementioned_a crown_n tenant_n or_o tributary_n lose_v not_o only_o their_o good_n but_o their_o life_n for_o the_o lawless_a soldier_n first_o spoil_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o their_o possession_n the_o poor_a people_n be_v provoke_v to_o resist_v force_n with_o force_n whereby_o the_o militarians_n find_v themselves_o frustrate_a of_o gorge_v their_o licentious_a desire_n do_v with_o arm_a band_n assault_v the_o unarmed_a rural_a menie_n who_o they_o miserable_o slaughter_v and_o a_o sad_a sight_n to_o see_v extend_v on_o wheel_n these_o thing_n say_v they_o thus_o perpetrate_v king_n sigismundus_n suethen_n soon_o after_o the_o sudercopian_a parliament_n send_v as_o his_o ambassador_n into_o suethland_n count_n ericke_n of_o visingsburg_n with_o his_o uncle_n aruidus_fw-la gustavus_n and_o from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v emit_v stanislaus_n dzialinskie_n and_o nicolaus_n sapieha_n who_o vehement_o accuse_a duke_n charles_n and_o those_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o have_v assist_v at_o the_o forecited_n convention_n or_o assent_v to_o the_o conclusion_n thereof_o but_o because_o the_o accusatory_a oration_n of_o the_o polander_n albeit_o most_o elegant_o deliver_v with_o the_o criminatory_a article_n of_o count_n ericke_n and_o aruidus_fw-la gustavus_n as_o also_o the_o reply_n to_o either_o and_o the_o refutation_n of_o the_o several_a particular_n in_o each_o contain_v as_o well_o by_o duke_n charles_n apart_o as_o by_o he_o and_o the_o senator_n joint_o be_v overlong_a to_o be_v here_o verbatim_o insert_v i_o shall_v refer_v the_o more_o diligent_o curious_a to_o the_o act_n themselves_o long_o since_o publish_v and_o only_o deliver_v the_o head_n of_o either_o with_o as_o much_o brevity_n as_o the_o circumstance_n will_v permit_v the_o oration_n do_v begin_v with_o the_o comparison_n of_o a_o kingdom_n o●ation_n under_o one_o prince_n to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n unite_v in_o its_o member_n by_o such_o a_o strict_a conjunction_n voluntary_a consent_n mutual_a co-intelligence_n and_o admirable_a sympathy_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o head_n that_o any_o of_o they_o be_v ill_o affect_v the_o rest_n move_v with_o the_o danger_n do_v with_o all_o diligence_n endeavour_v its_o remove_n but_o that_o they_o all_o be_v joint_o carry_v on_o with_o far_o more_o earnestness_n to_o preserve_v the_o head_n safe_a &_o unhurt_a as_o know_v that_o upon_o its_o welfare_n dignity_n and_o authority_n the_o well-being_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n depend_v and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v forsake_v by_o the_o member_n a_o total_a decay_n disturbance_n of_o their_o order_n with_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o whole_a speedy_o ensue_v that_o the_o same_o harmony_n ought_v to_o be_v between_o the_o subject_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o prince_n and_o that_o instruct_v by_o the_o same_o admirable_a office_n of_o nature_n they_o shall_v be_v link_v with_o bond_n of_o love_n and_o nourish_v mutual_a peace_n and_o concord_n and_o not_o offer_v but_o divert_v and_o resist_v any_o prejudice_n that_o may_v accrue_v to_o either_o but_o chief_o to_o provide_v that_o the_o dignity_n authority_n and_o preeminency_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a as_o head_n and_o director_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v not_o suffer_v the_o least_o diminution_n or_o derogation_n and_o that_o exhibition_n of_o due_a honour_n fidelity_n and_o obedience_n shall_v not_o be_v want_v in_o all_o service_n that_o be_v to_o be_v render_v especial_o from_o the_o subject_n in_o regard_n that_o by_o violation_n of_o the_o right_n of_o majesty_n or_o their_o usurpation_n the_o harmony_n politic_a be_v disturb_v and_o the_o kingdom_n ruin_n must_v consequent_o follow_v even_o as_o the_o hand_n or_o foot_n indulge_v themselves_o and_o refuse_v their_o service_n to_o the_o head_n the_o same_o will_v soon_o langish_v and_o the_o whole_a therewith_o perish_v he_o next_z commemorate_a several_a former_a league_n and_o alliance_n between_o poland_n with_o its_o dependency_n and_o suethland_n but_o main_o as_o near_o relate_v that_o by_o the_o present_a sigismundus_n the_o three_o king_n of_o both_o the_o realm_n but_o suethlands_n nursling_n and_o the_o true_a progeny_n of_o the_o ancient_a suethish_a king_n beget_v upon_o a_o jagellonian_a polish_v infanta_n and_o adorn_v with_o all_o princely_a gift_n sanctimony_n piety_n justice_n prudence_n fortitude_n wisdom_n and_o magnanimity_n the_o pattern_n of_o all_o virtue_n merciful_a to_o his_o subject_n devout_a meek_a gracious_a to_o his_o friend_n most_o friendly_a but_o to_o his_o foe_n a_o terror_n and_o destruction_n that_o to_o this_o sigis_fw-la the_o three_o heir_n inaugurate_v and_o crown_v king_n of_o suethland_n elect_v also_o and_o crown_v king_n of_o poland_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o lithuania_n the_o say_a nation_n and_o people_n do_v owe_v obedience_n and_o do_v acknowledge_v honour_n and_o reverence_n as_o the_o sole_a ruler_n and_o moderator_n of_o both_o the_o kingdom_n who_o reign_n they_o wish_v may_v exceed_v nestor_n year_n and_o that_o the_o order_n of_o both_o the_o kingdom_n aught_o to_o take_v equal_a care_n that_o as_o their_o mutual_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n be_v under_o god_n from_o he_o to_o be_v derive_v so_o the_o dignity_n majesty_n regal_a right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o their_o mutual_a prince_n shall_v be_v preserve_v unviolated_a with_o his_o majesty_n particular_a right_n dignity_n and_o praeeminency_n in_o all_o thing_n save_v to_o each_o kingdom_n their_o own_o for_o otherwise_o any_o one_o may_v easy_o judge_v that_o neither_o of_o the_o kingdom_n can_v remain_v safe_a and_o entire_a that_o the_o late_a parliament_n at_o warsaw_n in_o poland_n understand_v what_o thing_n there_o purposely_o publish_v have_v be_v enact_v at_o the_o sadercopian_a parliament_n in_o suethland_n the_o senator_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o

its_o neighbour_a bound_n which_o keep_v firm_a thereunto_o and_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o a_o neutrality_n with_o the_o suethe_n albeit_o they_o have_v be_v once_o if_o report_n err_v not_o upon_o a_o treaty_n for_o which_o their_o fidelity_n they_o have_v since_o obtain_v no_o small_a privilege_n from_o that_o crown_n prejudicial_a not_o only_o to_o the_o neighbour_n city_n as_o that_o of_o elbing_n where_o former_o the_o english_a merchant_n of_o the_o eastland_n company_n have_v a_o flourish_a residence_n but_o also_o to_o those_o merchant_n and_o their_o nation_n in_o the_o point_n of_o trade_n by_o their_o stample_n upon_o all_o woollen_a clothes_n import_v to_o be_v disperse_v through_o poland_n which_o monopoly_n have_v be_v and_o be_v no_o small_a grievance_n unto_o that_o society_n neither_o have_v that_o yoke_n be_v take_v off_o notwithstanding_o england_n merit_n towards_o that_o crown_n and_o the_o intervention_n and_o earnest_a solicitation_n of_o england_n ambassador_n and_o other_o minister_n as_o will_v hereafter_o further_o appear_v but_o return_v we_o now_o to_o what_o be_v yet_o remain_v that_o so_o we_o may_v proceed_v unto_o the_o promise_a treaty_n the_o polander_n as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v whole_o on_o the_o lose_a hand_n and_o have_v other_o ancient_a constant_a enemy_n as_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n and_o the_o russian_a no_o assure_a friend_n to_o cope_v withal_o beside_o the_o sueth_n a_o peace_n or_o if_o that_o can_v not_o be_v a_o truce_n be_v mediate_v neither_o be_v king_n gustavus_n reluctant_fw-la thereunto_o as_o have_v then_o a_o design_n upon_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n as_o well_o to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n he_o pretend_v to_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o austrian_a family_n for_o aid_v the_o polander_n against_o he_o as_o to_o assist_v and_o succour_v the_o almost_a total_o oppress_v protestant_n prince_n of_o germany_n sundry_a of_o who_o be_v his_o alley_n and_o who_o have_v secret_o re_fw-mi clame_v his_o power_n for_o their_o protection_n gustavus_n adolphus_n d._n g._n svecorum_n gothorum_n et_fw-fr vandalorum_n rex_fw-la magnus_n princeps_fw-la finlandiae_fw-la etc_n the_o most_o illustrious_a puissant_a and_o victorious_a prince_n gustavus_n adolphus_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god._n king_n of_o the_o swethen_n goth_n and_o vandal_n great_a prince_n of_o finland_n duke_n of_o esthonia_n &_o carelia_n lord_n of_o ingria_n &c_n &c_n sell_v by_o p_o stint_v though_o cecil_n sculp_v the_o king_n of_o france_n depute_v the_o baron_n of_o charnace_n the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n also_o have_v his_o ambassador_n there_o and_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o those_o public_a minister_n interpose_v the_o authority_n of_o their_o potent_a principal_n a_o truce_n be_v upon_o the_o sixteen_o of_o september_n 1629._o conclude_v between_o those_o jar_a crown_n upon_o the_o term_n that_o the_o curious_a may_v see_v in_o the_o article_n themselves_o long_o since_o expose_v to_o public_a view_n and_o not_o necessary_a to_o be_v here_o insert_v before_o the_o expiration_n of_o this_o truce_n king_n sigismundus_n pay_v sigismundus_n the_o debt_n that_o all_o man_n owe_v to_o nature_n leave_v the_o polander_n free_a to_o a_o new_a election_n and_o three_o son_n the_o prince_n vladislaus_n and_o casimir_n the_o name_n of_o the_o three_o brother_n i_o remember_v not_o to_o the_o hope_n thereof_o also_o one_o daughter_n which_o three_o beside_o their_o mutual_a relation_n of_o brother_n and_o sister_n by_o the_o same_o father_n may_v also_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v cousin_n germane_a to_o each_o other_o by_o their_o respective_a mother_n who_o both_o be_v sister_n to_o the_o then_o germane_a emperor_n king_n sigismundus_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o elder_n who_o he_o have_v first_o marry_v espouse_v also_o the_o young_a by_o papal_a dispensation_n the_o more_o superstitious_a and_o jesuited_a faction_n which_o there_o be_v very_o powerful_a in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o accustom_a way_n of_o elective_a succession_n to_o that_o crown_n will_v have_v baulk_v vladislaus_n the_o elder_a howbeit_o not_o for_o want_v of_o merit_n but_o as_o by_o crown_v they_o conceive_v to_o be_v more_o favourable_a towards_o protestanisme_n than_o they_o desire_v and_o will_v have_v choose_v casimirus_n the_o young_a at_o present_a their_o king_n by_o his_o brother_n decease_n who_o they_o think_v as_o have_v among_o they_o receive_v his_o education_n will_v prove_v more_o incline_v towards_o they_o but_o be_v vigorous_o oppose_v by_o the_o illustrious_a prince_n christopher_n radzivill_n duke_n of_o bierze_n and_o dubinskie_n palatine_n of_o vilnen_n and_o great_a general_n of_o lithuania_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v bring_v five_o thousand_o horse_n to_o that_o parliament_n a_o prevail_a argument_n by_o who_o mean_n the_o elder_a prince_n obtain_v his_o elective_a right_n and_o be_v crown_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vladislaus_n the_o four_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o vigour_n both_o of_o mind_n and_o body_n and_o inherit_v not_o only_o his_o father_n pretension_n unto_o his_o hereditary_a crown_n of_o suethland_n but_o the_o fame_n desire_v for_o its_o recovery_n and_o hatred_n against_o the_o detainer_n thereof_o nor_o be_v it_o likely_a but_o that_o upon_o the_o terminate_n of_o the_o truce_n currant_n he_o will_v willing_o have_v enter_v into_o a_o war_n for_o the_o regaining_a of_o the_o right_o devolve_v unto_o he_o from_o his_o paternal_a ancestor_n have_v not_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n show_v themselves_o more_o willing_a to_o a_o treaty_n as_o have_v be_v but_o late_o before_o engage_v against_o the_o russian_a from_o who_o he_o have_v gain_v the_o city_n and_o dukedom_n of_o smolensko_n with_o other_o territory_n as_o also_o against_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n who_o by_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o set_v battle_n he_o have_v force_v unto_o term_n of_o accommodation_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n have_v sustain_v a_o vast_a charge_n with_o other_o inconvenience_n incident_a and_o may_v therefore_o require_v a_o time_n of_o breathe_v yet_o not_o withstand_v they_o also_o raise_v a_o powerful_a army_n to_o countenance_v the_o cause_n and_o not_o without_o resolution_n for_o a_o vigorous_a engagement_n in_o case_n the_o mean_v use_v for_o obtain_v a_o peace_n or_o long_a truce_n shall_v have_v prove_v uneffectual_a it_o be_v certain_o much_o to_o be_v lament_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o discord_n have_v so_o much_o power_n over_o the_o mind_n of_o christian_a prince_n as_o that_o their_o emulation_n and_o dissension_n which_o be_v the_o step_n whereby_o the_o ottoman_a empire_n have_v mount_v unto_o its_o present_a formidable_a height_n shall_v be_v render_v perpetual_a to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o christendom_n the_o reproach_n of_o the_o christian_a profession_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o insult_a infidel_n as_o than_o it_o do_v for_o the_o polish_v army_n at_o that_o time_n have_v the_o turkish_a force_n at_o such_o a_o bay_n as_o that_o the_o great_a general_n of_o poland_n kaenigspolskie_n in_o the_o hear_n of_o this_o relator_n afterward_o tell_v the_o ambassador_n of_o great_a britain_n that_o but_o for_o the_o difference_n like_v to_o ensue_v between_o the_o two_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o suethland_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o then_o near_a expire_a truce_n he_o will_v have_v convoy_v those_o miscreant_n unto_o the_o gate_n of_o constantinople_n but_o leave_v this_o digression_n as_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n may_v be_v not_o unwilling_a for_o the_o reason_n pre-alledged_n to_o admit_v of_o peace_n so_o likewise_o may_v the_o suethe_n be_v conceive_v not_o to_o have_v be_v averse_a thereunto_o as_o have_v lose_v their_o caesar_n in_o that_o famous_a field_n of_o lutzen_n and_o be_v still_o engage_v in_o the_o german_a war_n their_o force_n be_v than_o in_o decadence_n constrain_v to_o retire_v towards_o pomerania_n and_o to_o keep_v a_o long_a the_o sea_n coast_n so_o as_o both_o party_n be_v apparent_o willing_a a_o second_o treaty_n be_v consent_v unto_o institute_v and_o those_o prince_n who_o have_v assist_v at_o the_o former_a as_o also_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n be_v by_o the_o interest_v crown_n invite_v to_o resume_v the_o mediatoriall_a office_n whereunto_o none_o of_o they_o be_v backward_o no_o more_o then_o to_o contribute_v their_o endeavour_n for_o a_o work_n so_o pious_a and_o beseem_a christian_n sir_n george_n duglass_n knight_n ambassador_n from_o the_o late_a king_n of_o great_a britain_n claudius_n de_fw-fr mesme_fw-fr baron_fw-fr d'avaux_n from_o the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o prince_n sigismundus_n of_o brandenborg_n uncle_n to_o that_o elector_n from_o his_o say_a nephew_n with_o other_o of_o the_o electoral_a counsel_n as_o also_o ambassador_n from_o the_o state_n general_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n do_v according_o howbeit_o at_o several_a time_n as_o opportunity_n by_o reason_n of_o distance_n of_o place_n will_v permit_v meet_v in_o prussia_n the_o

thousand_o foot_n and_o horse_n to_o their_o recruit_v whereby_o those_o place_n be_v surrender_v by_o the_o enemy_n be_v by_o he_o as_o the_o rest_n have_v be_v deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o electoral_a administrator_n but_o to_o return_v from_o whence_o i_o have_v not_o unnecessary_o digress_v 〈…〉_z the_o suethe_v and_o the_o confederate_a prince_n fall_v not_o long_o after_o into_o a_o decadence_n of_o fortune_n for_o the_o cardinal_n infanta_n with_o a_o army_n of_o old_a try_a soldier_n though_o bend_v for_o flanders_n take_v germany_n in_o his_o way_n and_o join_v with_o the_o imperiallist_n near_o the_o city_n of_o norglingen_n the_o associate_n by_o this_o conjunction_n receive_v a_o great_a defeat_n wherein_o most_o of_o their_o ensign_n be_v seize_v their_o commander_n either_o slay_v or_o take_v of_o which_o latter_a calamity_n their_o brave_a general_n gustavus_n horn_n be_v partaker_n the_o scatter_a relic_n find_v no_o sure_a retreat_n until_o they_o recover_v the_o former_o waste_a palatinate_n under_o duke_n bernard_n palatinate_n of_o weymar_n where_o deprive_v of_o colour_n and_o commander_n they_o continue_v in_o a_o manner_n without_o discipline_n so_o as_o that_o country_n be_v in_o a_o most_o sad_a condition_n and_o england_n thereupon_o solicit_v as_o aforesaid_a the_o counsel_n whereof_o judge_v it_o expedient_a to_o send_v a_o agent_n thither_o the_o forenamed_a lieutenant_n colonel_n duglass_n be_v make_v choice_n of_o as_o one_o who_o in_o his_o report_n will_v germany_n not_o be_v over_o partial_a and_o he_o be_v first_o dignify_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n according_o receive_v credential_n and_o instruction_n the_o forementioned_a ambassador_n sir_n robert_n anstruther_n who_o anstruthar_n after_o his_o departure_n from_o saxony_n have_v be_v with_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n at_o berlin_n and_o from_o thence_o with_o the_o queen_n of_o suethen_n at_o wolgast_n to_o condole_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n her_o husband_n who_o body_n be_v then_o to_o be_v transport_v into_o suethland_n and_o have_v likewise_o be_v with_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n and_o the_o duchess_n dowager_n his_o mother_n as_o also_o with_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n treat_v with_o sundry_a of_o that_o king_n counsel_n who_o be_v thereunto_o appoint_v he_o intimate_v unto_o they_o omit_v particular_n not_o so_o necessary_a to_o be_v here_o insert_v that_o their_o master_n conjunction_n with_o the_o protestant_a prince_n of_o germany_n will_v much_o conduce_v to_o the_o general_a tranquillity_n as_o without_o which_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o adherent_n will_v hardly_o be_v move_v to_o a_o constant_a and_o universal_a peace_n in_o the_o empire_n but_o rather_o hope_v that_o the_o division_n and_o separation_n of_o those_o prince_n and_o state_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o produce_v unto_o he_o new_a advantage_n they_o after_o much_o reason_n acknowledge_v it_o be_v most_o necessary_a but_o pray_v he_o to_o consider_v the_o hazard_n their_o king_n their_o country_n and_o themselves_o have_v in_o the_o last_o war_n be_v expose_v unto_o so_o as_o have_v they_o not_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o emperor_n they_o may_v by_o that_o time_n have_v go_v a_o beg_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o that_o have_v thus_o make_v their_o peace_n they_o ought_v not_o in_o equity_n to_o be_v the_o breaker_n of_o it_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o their_o master_n be_v now_o act_v the_o mediator_n part_n they_o wish_v that_o saxony_n be_v real_o as_o brandenburg_n be_v unite_v in_o the_o alliance_n of_o heylbrun_n the_o better_a to_o balance_n the_o affair_n there_o whereby_o a_o good_a peace_n which_o their_o master_n be_v still_o ambitious_a to_o be_v a_o instrument_n of_o might_n more_o probable_o be_v expect_v his_o lordship_n urge_v no_o less_o to_o their_o king_n himself_o upon_o occasion_n of_o some_o discourse_n soon_o after_o of_o the_o then_o present_a state_n duke_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o king_n express_v how_o much_o he_o long_v to_o see_v a_o good_a peace_n establish_v he_o reply_v that_o his_o majesty_n authority_n and_o power_n if_o interpose_v with_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n may_v be_v very_o useful_a for_o obtain_v of_o the_o wish_a end_n in_o that_o conjuncture_n and_o that_o if_o the_o three_o protestant_a elector_n and_o their_o house_n be_v firm_o link_v together_o by_o a_o perfect_a friendship_n and_o sense_n of_o common_a interest_n they_o will_v soon_o grow_v so_o considerable_a as_o that_o other_o prince_n will_v be_v glad_a of_o their_o association_n and_o then_o caesar_n himself_o will_v in_o all_o likelihood_n the_o better_o hearken_v to_o reasonable_a condition_n of_o peace_n beside_o many_o other_o good_a effect_n which_o he_o infer_v may_v ensue_v so_o happy_a a_o conjunction_n the_o king_n profess_v to_o concur_v with_o his_o lordship_n in_o opinion_n yet_o not_o without_o object_v some_o impediment_n but_o i_o shall_v wave_v further_o insist_v hereupon_o this_o as_o not_o material_a to_o the_o subject_a main_o here_o intend_v be_v only_o to_o show_v how_o far_o england_n do_v then_o interess_n itself_o in_o the_o protestant_a cause_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o concernment_n of_o its_o ally_n there_o his_o lordship_n return_v to_o hamburg_n to_o expect_v further_a order_n be_v soon_o after_o re-manded_n back_o to_o francfort_n on_o the_o main_n to_o interpose_v his_o master_n authority_n as_o cause_n shall_v be_v offer_v return_v we_o now_o to_o sir_n george_n duglass_n who_o there_o meet_v with_o satisfactory_o his_o lordship_n and_o during_o his_o agency_n in_o the_o palatinate_n have_v give_v a_o account_n so_o satisfactory_a as_o well_o in_o order_n to_o that_o electoral_a principality_n and_o its_o condition_n with_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o affair_n relative_a to_o that_o concernment_n as_o of_o the_o associate_v prince_n and_o city_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o suethe_n as_o be_v well_o rellish_v at_o home_n and_o thereby_o gain_v to_o himself_o the_o opinion_n of_o one_o capable_a of_o a_o great_a and_o more_o weighty_a negotiation_n and_o as_o if_o all_o thing_n shall_v conduce_v to_o his_o advancement_n it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o expiration_n of_o a_o six_o year_n truce_n conclude_v as_o have_v be_v say_v by_o the_o intervention_n of_o sir_n thomas_n roe_n ambassador_n from_o the_o late_a king_n an._n 1629._o between_o the_o crown_n and_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o suethen_n be_v then_o draw_v near_o and_o the_o late_a king_n be_v by_o the_o polander_n again_o solicit_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n with_o intimation_n of_o a_o desire_n of_o near_a conjunction_n by_o alliance_n this_o motion_n be_v plausible_a and_o the_o more_o credulous_a of_o england_n court_n be_v thereby_o wrought_v to_o cry_v up_o that_o king_n cause_n albeit_o the_o same_o his_o turn_n once_o serve_v prove_v but_o a_o fucus_n and_o like_o a_o apparition_n vanish_v into_o aire_n for_o this_o poland_n employment_n of_o no_o mean_a moment_n sir_n george_n duglass_n than_o agent_n in_o germany_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v think_v a_o fit_a minister_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o hay_v former_o serve_v the_o late_a king_n of_o suethland_n in_o those_o part_n he_o be_v not_o unacquainted_a with_o their_o interest_n in_o prussia_n and_o leifland_n and_o may_v according_o make_v use_n of_o argument_n to_o induce_v they_o to_o a_o moderate_a and_o equitable_a compliance_n it_o be_v conjecture_v that_o they_o will_v not_o easy_o be_v win_v to_o restore_v either_o much_o less_o both_o of_o those_o rich_a and_o fertile_a province_n but_o as_o to_o any_o resignation_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o suethland_n which_o the_o polander_n claim_v as_o his_o hereditary_a right_n it_o be_v fore-seen_a that_o however_o the_o same_o may_v be_v bring_v upon_o the_o carpet_n it_o can_v not_o be_v with_o any_o hope_n of_o condeseension_n credential_n and_o instruction_n be_v then_o draw_v up_o and_o send_v duglal_n enclose_v within_o a_o dispatch_n to_o the_o forenamed_a ambassador_n sir_n robert_n anstruther_n to_o beby_o he_o deliver_v as_o be_v forthwith_o do_v unto_o sir_n george_n duglass_n whereby_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n ambassador_n extraordinary_a from_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n to_o the_o king_n and_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o suethland_n become_v due_a unto_o he_o in_o this_o new_a condition_n his_o first_o work_n be_v to_o furnish_v himself_o with_o necessary_n and_o attendant_n suitable_a to_o that_o high_a employment_n into_o the_o number_n whereof_o he_o be_v please_v to_o desire_v the_o relator_n from_o sir_n robert_n anstruther_n of_o who_o secretary_n he_o then_o be_v and_o in_o the_o same_o capacity_n entertain_v he_o for_o that_o embassy_n which_o be_v only_o mention_v to_o show_v the_o ground_n he_o have_v for_o the_o present_a and_o precedent_n narrative_n while_o some_o week_n of_o time_n be_v spend_v in_o such_o like_a preparation_n letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n and_o convoy_n be_v desire_v