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A39700
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The life of the emperour Theodosius the Great written originally in French by the famous Abbot Flechier ... ; Englished by Mr. Francis Manning.; Histoire de Théodose le Grand. English
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Fléchier, Esprit, 1632-1710.; Manning, Mr. (Francis), fl. 1688-1716.
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1693
(1693)
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Wing F1207; ESTC R4581
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211,369
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374
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whole Eastern Church bewailed his loss Theodosius who loved him as his Father and honored him as if he had held the Empire of him would have his Funeral made in resemblance Greg. Naz. Orat. in fun Mel. of a Triumph He assisted therein himself and gave publick Testimonies of his affliction and his Piety The Body of this holy man was deposited in the Church of the Apostles where the Psalms were sung by several Quires in divers Languages and where the People running in multitudes carried an infinite number of Wax-tapers and Flamboys and brought back as a precious Treasure some Linnen which had touched his Face The most eloquent Prelate of the Assembly made Funeral Harangues in his Honor and represented Philost l. 5 c. 4. the Vertues he had practised and the Persecutions he had suffered for the Faith After they had finished all the duty of Piety Theodosius ordered those precious Relicks to be conveyed to Antioch to be conducted through the most public Sozom. l. 7. c. 10. ways and to be received in all the Cities altho it was not the Custom of the Romans All Constantinople went out of the Gates and never did the number of the Inhabitants appear greater There was running from all parts upon the Road to accompany this body in singing Psalms till they had brought him to Antioch and placed him near the Shrine of St. Babylas the Martyr one oâ— the most celebrated Archbishops of that City L. In the mean time Theodosius answered to the Council and to confirm what had been there Idem l. 7. c. 9. decreed he published an Edict by which he ordained that the Faith of Nice should be generally received and approved of in the whole extent of his Empire and that all the Churches should be restored into the hands of the Catholicks who confessed one God in three Persons equal in Honour and Power To avoid the professions of an Equivocal Faith he declared that those alone should be esteemed Catholicks who should be united in Communion with certain Prelates whom he specifyed in each Province and whose vertue he was acquainted with either by the correspondence he held with them or by tâ—e Reputation which they had long enjoyed of governing their Churches with Piety LI. There was some reason to hope that this Council supported by the Authority of the Prince would have great effects in reference to Religion and that the Schism of Antioch which divided the East from the West would have been determined by the death of Meletius who was the innocent cause thereof but some Factious persons obstinately persisting in giving him a Successor a disorder broke out and the Eastern People themselves were disunited and grew hot upon this occasion This difference had begun under the Empire of Constantine the great who upon calumnies invented by the Arians had chased from Antioch Eustathius Chrystost Hom. in St. Eust Patriarch of that City and a great defender of the Divinity of Jesus Christ The Arians being possessed of his See and having put in his place five or six Bishops of their Sect successively the Catholicks were oppressed Some of them submitted to violence others continued firm in the Faith under the conduct of Paulinus and called themselves Eustatians Meletius enjoying since the Patriarchship by the Credit of the Arians who took him to be of their Communion and having forthwith openly declared against them he saw himself upon a sudden abandoned of both Parties The Hereticks who had been chiefly instrumental in his being chosen were mad at his â—ange the Catholicks praised his zeal but aproved not of his Election As he had notwithstanding besides an eminent Piety a great Sweetness and an admirable Talent to make himself beloved he attracted in a little time much people to his communion Some of them disengaged themselves from Paulinus to come to him Several that had groaned for 30 years Theod. l. 5. c. 227. under the Arian Tyranny run so much the more willingly to him as he had been under the same weakness with them and that he received them with much condescension and Charity The persecution which he suffered a few days after did but augment the veneration which was had for him and the flock which he had begun to assemble encreased and formed it self during his banishment Altho' the Catholicks of this City were all united in doctrine they were separated in communion and assembled in two different places the one in a Church which the Arians had left Paulinus by reason of the respect they had to his Age and for the consideration that he was contrary to Meletius the others in â— Church of the Suburbs which they called the Palee or the antient Church This Schism scandalized all the East Lucifer Bishop of Cagliari in Sardinia returning out of exile from Thebais passed through Antioch and undertook to accommodate this difference but having found the Eustathians resolved not to communicate with a Bishop established by the Heretics and besides being but too much inclined of his own hard and inflexible nature to pardon nothing in matter of Religion he ordained Paulinus by his own private Authority He thought that the party of Meletius which seemed more disposed for Peace would easily be reunited to the Eustathians when they should observe a Bishop at their head who deserved to be so and who never had any correspondence with the enemies of the Church But he was deceived for the Friends of Meletius being offended at the injury that was offered to him and that they had not condescended to consult them protested that they would have none but him for their Pastâ—r and that he could not be deposed by a single Bishop out of his Jurisdiction and without being heard They sollicited him to come in haste and obliged themselves to him more strictly than before As soon as this Prelate was come from Armenia where he had been a long time in Exile they endeavoured to make him sit in the same Throne with Paulinus and even pretended that the greatest number being for him he made as it were the Socr. l. 5. c. 5. Ruffin Body of the Church and that it was for other Communions who were but Members and parts thereof to reunite themselves to it As for him as he desired nothing but Peace he was contented to re-enter into his Church of the Suburbs He went to visit Paulinus and prayed him to consent that they might keep in common the Sheep which the Master of the Flock had confided with them Theod. l. 5. â— 3. and that they might all be assembled in one Fold He proposed in order to take away all subject of division That the Holy Gospel might be put upon the Episcopal Seat that they might sit one on the one side and tother on the other side of it and that he who survived his Collegue should remain sole and peaceablâ— Possessor Paulinus refused the Condition and would have no society with a Man
formerly bestowed upon the Arians The number of the Catholics encreasing every day the Patriarch Theophilus prayed the Emperor to grant him this forsaken Church He obtained it visited it and had a mind to make some reparations therein As they were digging they found dark Caves more fit to conceal crimes than to celebrate the Ceremonies of Religion The Gentiles who were unwilling to have the Shame of their Mysteries discovered or those hidden places raked up where they found parts of humane bodies dissevered which had served for their wicked Sacrifices hindred the Workmen from proceeding The Christians insisted upon it the thing came to an open Sedition Notwithstanding the Christians were in greatest number yet as they were more moderate than the others they were beaten in some encounters There were even some of them that were taken and barbarously massacred because they would not oblige themselves to sacrifice to Idols The Magistrates went several times to the Temple of Serapis where the seditious had intrenched themselves and endeavored to make them return to their Duty but being unable to force them or to reduce them by reason and threatnings they gave the Emperor information of it who answered them That the Martyrs which they had made were rather to be praised than pitied but to avoid such disorders for the future it was necessary to cut off the cause that is to say to destroy the Temples This Letter being read publickly the Christians testified their joy by extraordinary crys the affrighted Gentiles hid themselves or betook themselves to flight They began to execute the Sentence by demolishing the Temple of Serapis and by the overthrowing that famous Idol which King Sesostris had got made They divided it in several pieces and dragg'd it along the streets CXIII They gave the same entertainment to all the other Pagan Divinities Their Weakness appeared the Delusions and Tricks of the Priests were discovered and several were converted to Jesus Christ Theodosius learning this happy News lifted up his Hands to Heaven and cried out I give thee thanks O God in that thou hast destroyed the Errors of that superstitious City without obliging me to spill the blood of my Subjects He wrote immediately to the Patriarch to rejoyce with him for the favor which God had shewn to his Church and sent him an order to collect all the Idols of Gold or Silver which had been pulled down and to distribute the value of them to the poor of his Diocess adding that he should make appear to the Gentiles that the Zeal of Christians was not mixed with any sort of Avarice and that he should give them an example of a pure and disinteressed Religion They sold every piece of those precious Statues They made Vessels of Charity of other Mettals which had been of service to Superstition Theophilus reserved only an Idol which he set up in the public place to the end that Posterity might one day laugh at the Gentiles by seeing the remains of their ridiculous Worship which seemed to them more injurious than all the rest This Patriâ—rch built a Church in honour of St. John Baptist in â—he place of the Temple of Serapis all the Bihops of Egypt followed this example and a little â—fter this Province so tied to its Superstitions had 〈◊〉 deliverance CXIV Theodosius more satisfied with the hapâ—y success of Religion than his Triumphs departâ—d Sozom. l. 〈◊〉 c. 14. from Rome the first day of September in order to â—eturn to Milan and from thence to Constantinople He restored the Empire to Valentinian and imâ—rinted Ambr. Ep. Orat. de obit Theod. so well in his mind the Catholick Religiâ—n by his repeated instructions that this young â—rince who was naturally disposed to do well beâ—ame the defender of the Faith and put himself Ambr. in fun Valent. â—ntirely under the discipline of St. Ambrose whom â—e honored as his Father to his death The Empress Justine who had taken so much â—are to inspire into him that Heresy with which â—he was infected had not the satisfaction to behold his triumph and re-establishment God permitted her to dye before the accomplishment of â—he war She was the daughter of Justus Goverâ—or of La Marche under the Emperor Constantius She had espoused in her first Nuptials the Tyrant Socrat l. 〈◊〉 c. 26. Magnentius who after he had lost the battle of Mursa in Pannonia became the murderer of himâ—elf to avoid the punishment which his Rebellion had deserved The Great Valentâ—ian became â—morous of her and married her after the death of the Empress Severa his first Wife She was a Princess fierce imperious fixed â—o her own sense â—nd possessed with all the imâ—iâ—â—ies of the Arians The influence she had over the spirit of her Husband and the Authority she â—ad taken over her Son had occasioned great troubles in the Church and if God had not opposed to her a Bishop aâ— Sulp. Sever. Dialog 2. c. 6. unshaken as St. Ambrose was the Arians had becomâ— masters in Milan and it had been experienceâ— what an abused Princess can do that joyns to thâ— infirmity of her Sex the violence of her passion The CONTENTS of the Fourth BOOK An. 390 I. SEdition at Thessalonica II. Anger of Theodosius appeased by St. Ambrose and rekindled by Ruffin III. Temper of Theodosius IV. Chastisement of the Seditious of Thessalonica V. Remonstrance of St. Ambrose to Theodosius VI. Repentance of Theodosius VII St. Ambrose excommunicates Theodosius VIII Ruffin endeavors to comfort Theodosius IX Ruffin negotiates an Absolution for Theodosius X. Theodosius presents himself at the door of the Church XI Theodosius doth Penance publickly and is absolved XII Theodosius places himself amongst the Laity XIII Heresy of Jovinian Theodosius takes upon him to destroy it XIV Theodosius reforms divers Abuses XV. Order of the Church for Penance XVI Disorder in the Church of Constantinople XVII State and Functions of Deaconesses Regulation of their Age and Testaments XVIII Death of the Empress Galla. XIX Theodosius returns into the East XX. Theodosius chases a Troop of Barbarians out of Macedonia XXI Theodosius arrives at Constantinople His Piety XXII Original Manners and Fortune of Ruffin XXIII Jealousy against Ruffin XXIV Quarrel of Promotus and Ruffin Anger of Theodosius XXV Ruffin abuses Favor destroys his Enemies XXVI New Revolutions in the West XXVII Edict of Theodosius against Relapsers XXVIII Valentinian orders a Comedian Woman at Rome to be carried off XXIX Intrigues of Flavian XXX Revolt of Arbogastes His Employments his Manners XXXI Valentinian desires to be baptized by St. Ambrose XXXII Jealousy of Valentinian Insolence of Arbogastes XXXIII Valentinian begs the succor of Theodosius he writes to St. Ambrose XXXIV Death of Valentinian his great qualities XXXV Eugenius is made Emperor XXXVI Theodosius learns the death of Valentinian St. Ambrose makes his Encomium at Milan XXXVII Eugenius makes an Alliance with the People of the Rhine XXXVIII Eugenius sends Ambassadors to Theodosius XXXIX Eugenius