sallogize against himselfe All power is giuen to mee in Heauen and in Earth but my Kingdome to bee of this World is such a power Ergo my Kingdome is of this same World Now obserue also his witty and substantiall reconcilement hee had a Kingly temporall power in this life but hee renounced the vse and priuiledge of the same Or thus hee had no direct Dominion vppon temporall things yet indirectly for preseruation of his spirituall Dominion hee had and might haue vsed the same and in that sence left it to his successour Is not this most shamelesse and direct abusing of Christ and his most Sacred Word When hee sayd at another time that the Foxes had holes and the Birds of the Ayre had nests but the Sonne of man had no place to hide his head If these expositors had then beene knowne to his Apostles they would haue replyed Sir you haue places of refuge but you renounce the vse and priviledge thereof or albeit you haue not any place directly yet indirectly for the necessity of your function you haue all palces at your Command or if you haue not in your owne indiuiduall person yet in your Successors you must needes haue else how should they maintayne the hauing and inhabiting of such Royall and Magnificent edifices wherein they keepe such stately and more then imperiall Courts What is this else then to tell Christ hee wotteth not what hee sayth and to enter him like a Novice in their new Schooles of equiuocation to learne their falatious mentall preseruations But admit it to be incident into their Offices to interpret Christ as themselues listeth How doth it happen that the rightfull successors of Christ doth not also succeede him in his modestye humilitye povertye and meekenesse especially beeing commaunded to learne of him and so in like sort as Christ did renounce the vse and priviledge of Temporall Power or whence haue these successors their so plenarye and direct preheminence when from Christ they could convey it but indirectlye and by consequence Or can they make any demonstration or playne proofe of the stint and circuite of time at the periode or expiration whereof that Temporall Dominion which in Christ was Indirect and Potenticall should become vnto the Pope Direct and Ordinarye Or was there not as vrgent cause that Christ in respect of the many letts impeachments and impediments which he met withall should for the preservation of his Spirituall Dominion directly or indirectly in some sort or other betake himselfe to his Temporall Authoritye Except they will say that hee was in his owne person militant and suffering but in these his successors triumphant and glorious Let mee then bee answered Whether such a Succession hath any image or representation of that first type or patterne which sayde Learne of mee To manifest yet more discerningly the idlenesse the fraude and vnfit applying of this distinction let them know that is not to be trusted vnto because it will serue their adversaries as well as themselues for where the question may be propounded and disputed whether temporall Princes may suppresse or remooue Popes if the authorities alleadged out of Gods Word and the Histories of the Church shall not suffice to giue in evidence for any such direct and vndoubted preheminence in Princes then we may make bold of this their make-shift distinction that Princes haue euer had such a power annexed and proper to their governing charge though they haue forborne the vse and preuiledge thereof or that indirectly and by consequence for the vpholding of their states and keeping of their people in obedience which by so many Popish practises is dayly perverted they may and ought to exercise and execute the same Moreouer let it be examined how and from what originall this distinction draweth his pedigree what bosome or heate did first hatch it and what causes of weight doth still nourish and continue the same Mr. P. R. hath fully acquainted vs with the certainty thereof For if Christ sayth he should not haue left such an authority in his Church for remedy of vrgent causes hee should not haue sufficiently provided for the necessity thereof It is maruaile that this our Moderator and mollifying Mittigator did not vse the word of conveniency in the stead of necessity to haue avoyded the disadvantage of the stricktnesse of that word can there concerning the subsistance and stability of the Church any more vrgent causes to be imagined for the vpholding thereof then there was in the first times of the primitiue purity or is the vsurping power of the supreame Pastor his ouer awing or over peering of Princes his correcting and repressing of them by alienating subiects and egging enemies against them any constitutiue causes or essentiall necessities of the Church I will not deny but that the height and eminency wherevnto the Bishops of Rome haue aspired by encroching vpon the rights and vndermining the states of temporall Gouernors as indeede to be provided for and maintayned by this presupposed necessity But the purity the poverty the simplicity the feruency of the first fathers and propagators of the faith and Church of Christ needed none of these humaine and worldly additaments none of these temporall encountrings or conflicting with Potentates no such foreseeing perpecations to affront all occurting causes nor any such politiciall circumventings and fortifications for defence and offence against Princes They conquered powers and principalities but with the spirituall Armor of God they beate vppon them with the hammer of the word they cut deeply into the secrets of their soules with the sword of the spirit they prayed for their peace and prosperity they embrased the very persecutions with obedience and for the countenancing fauours by giuing them respit from affliction and the sunne shine of liberty they honoured them as the nursing fathers of the Church when I contemplate the composute and frame of the Popish Monatchy and the linking together of so many cunningly contrived positions tending all of them to the encrease of gaine and advance of Honor to the Sea of Rome I wish that some excellent Scholler extraordinarily endued would out of his many obseruations collected exhibite vnto the world in imitation of Matchauell who made the shames and vices of the house of Florence the patterne of a perfite Prince this Antichrist of Rome as a true president of Tyranny and Vsurpation by publishing with an apt resemblance as well the vilde and vnchristian practises as also the false and pernicious articles whereby he hath atchived so strange matters and attained vnto so vnmeasurable greatnesse which my desire is the more increased the more I consider how the webs of that worke hath ensuared if not enthralled Christian people euen in the carriage of this controversie I haue traced the foot-steps of many politicke reaches and now in the closing vp of the matter a faire traine is layd to catch and lay hold vpon an easie follower which we must not so suddenly passe by as
the heart of man at the Creation so was it also reduced and comprised by the Wisedome of God into the Tables of the Morall Law in the which for as much as we haue an expresse commandement of honor and obedience to gouernors that must remaine fixed in our hearts to hold vs firme in the Bond of allegiance Then let P. R. and all his conjoyned Catholikes as hee vaunteth make it plaine vnto vs that eyther Nature hath implanted or the Commandements of God haue enioyned therepressing or deposing of such Princes vppon any exceptions surmizes or accusations whatsoeuer As for the Law of Nations because that is but secundary and derivatiue from the other what hath beene averred of the one holdeth the same respect and certainty as doth the roote it selfe from whence it issueth yet before wee depart from this Argument of Natures working I haue to note that this cunning and curious Composer of Bookes and Contriuer of cases doth in this his chiefe proposition worke himselfe quite out of the question and putteth the Pope cleane out of the doores for the question being of the power of the Pope that is of the power authority and iurisdiction of a Forraine Commander and Iudge he telleth vs that God and Nature hath left some sufficient authority in euery Common-wealth c. which directly maketh the Popes preheminency with vs altogether needelesse and a very nullity sith by his owne sayings and that more agreeable to reason there is sufficient authority within the Land not requiring any his 〈◊〉 or vsurpations to the gouerning of that body which is of it selfe compleate and liueth by the vigor spirit and powerfull opperation of his owne soule his lawfull Soueraigne Thus is the Pope as touching the first reason drawne from the Law or Right of Nature or Nations either left out by him or cast out by me from repressing of Princes or 〈◊〉 himselfe within these our Countries or Territories The second reason bringeth a better Commission that will make way through all repugnances it is inforced in the name and authority of Christ himselfe and it is thus chayned together for impregnable strength Christ was to found is Common-wealth of Christians the farre more perfection then other states had before been establishe subjecting temporall things to spirituall and appointing a Supreame Vniuersall gouernour in the same with a generall charge to looke to all his sheepe without exception of great or small people or Potentates Therefore hee inferreth that the Supreame care iudgement direction and censure of the matter in question was left by Christ vnto the sayd Supreame 〈◊〉 or Pastor of his Church and Common-wealth But it was doubted whether this power was committed to the supreame Pastor directly and immediatly or indirectly and by consequence The Canonists out of the Commission vnto St. Peter Pose ones meas do hold the direct and immediate authority charge and ouersight in temporallities The Catholike Diuines vpon whom the brunt and pressure by 〈◊〉 must bee sayed haue thought it safer to chuse the indirect and consequentiall which they expresse in this manner When the gouernment of spirituall affaires is impugned by any temporall Gouernors so as the sayd spirituall Commission cannot be executed without redresse or remedy 〈◊〉 and in such cases the said Supreame Pastor is to haue authority to proceede against the temporall gouernors Also for the defence and preseruation of his spirituall charge but both parts fully are agreed that there is such authority left by Christ in his Church for remedy of vrgent causes otherwise he should not haue sufficiently prouided for the necessity thereof Here is goodly building of Castles in the ayre Castles did I say Nay of the Tower of Babell in the steede of the City of God Christ sayth hee was to found his Common-wealth of Christians in farre more perfection then other states c. why Christs intentions erections and perfections were all to saue sinners and to bring them vnto Heauen what proofe is this that hee was to found the Popish Hyerarchy or the Antichristian Monarchy and what is this farre more perfection c. Is it an outward pompe or power to chayne and fetter Princes vnder a temporall obedience of a Spirituall Vsurper What is this same subjecting of temporall things to spirituall is it to make a Minister or Bishop of Heauenly matters tyrannous and rampant ouer the temperall states setting their imperiall feete vppon the neckes of Lyons and Dragons what is the nature end and eminency of the spirituall Kingdome of Christ is it any other then the Preaching of the Gospell the way of salvation and the possessing of euerlasting life Then what straightnesse what extractions doth the Limbeckes of their braines bewitched with temporall vanities make of a worldly rule and Dominion He was to appoint one Supreame and 〈◊〉 Gouernor c. we on the other side constantly denying this their principle doe easily bring them to the end of their wits yet wee will pocket vp one confession in this place which hee is likely to forsake and not acknowledge another time In more perfection sayth hee then other states had before beene established acknowledging thereby that vnder the Law and in the old Testament the temporall was not subject to the spirituall Hath hee not well collected and conected his propositions to bring out this grand conclusion of superiority ouer Princes doth he not neede a distinction of proofe to make these parts that cleaue like sand to hold together against the breach which wee are to make vppon him His distinction of direct or indirect shal be directly anoyded and his great Mace which hee beareth vp in his March of state of Ordine ad Deum must bee directed and ordered to a better sence and his commission of pasce shall bee examined how farre it can authorize him to assume the pretented power If hee will but thanke me for it I will befriend him a little with my directions I will chalke him out his way with a straight line by the which hee must be brought and passe along if he desireth to come right vppon the conclusion I will distribute his journey into seuerall baytings or reposes otherwise called common places I doubt it will prooue a long labour and very troub esome to carry his commission along with him hee is like to venture himselfe in many straights and hazardable passages and will be often stayed by the Kings Watch but more often foundred by the rubs and roughnesse of the way which hee is to walke through He must begin and set forth at this poynt 1 That Christ purposing to found his Common-wealth of Christians in farre more perfection c. hath appoynted the same to be an absolute Monarchy vnder one supreame and vniversall Governour visible eminent and knowne as the head on earth in all causes of Christs kingdome 2 Next who that individuall person is whom Christ appointed to be such a Monarche and by what commission is he assigned thereunto and
to haue any iurisdiction power superiority preeminence or authority Ecclesiasticall or Spirituall within this Realme if he digest this then see how one thing draweth on another all our former differences are at once and in this one compounded also for if the Pope being a forraigne Prelate or Potentate be excluded from hauing any Ecclesiasticall power or Spirituall authority within this Realme Then our question of his preheminency or jurisdiction in repressing the exorbitant and pernicious excesse of great men as an Ecclesiasticall Iudge or Supreame Pastor direct or indirect is at an end clearely determined I doubt not but his excellent Majesty of his Princely care to bring home so many lost sheepe and to bosome them againe in his dearest loue will affoord them that fauorable interpretation which this there Aduocate and Orator requireth in their behalfe In the meane space not to loose what we haue got I returne vnto P. R. the like charge of making good of his word touching the Oath of Supremacy in the sence and distinction afore mentioned and therewithall might thinke it not reasonable any further to stricke a yeelding aduersary that by so voluntary an offer cleareth the cause from any further controuersie But remembring the nature and quallity of our adversary and the many winding and intricaking trickes he is vsed vnto in the canvassing of this or the like controversies I feare that this our reconciliation is rather seeming then substanciall and will suddainly vpon a small touch fall a sunder againe to as great a discrepance for howsoeuer he doth so franckly yeeld vnto his Majesty a supremacy of the Church in Ecclesiasticall causes as touching outward preseruation onely let him be but sifted a little in his meanings it will breake from him that he neuer purposed to strengthen the state and authority of our Soueraigne with any such power of absolute defence and protection which shall presently appeare by ministring vnto him some few questions I pray you Sir what Church and what Ecclesiasticall causes doe you consent to be within the Kings Royall preseruation is it incident and appropriate to his Princely Scepter to mayntaine the religion now established in his Dominions by making Lawes for enforcing subjects to an vniforme allowance and profession thereof by punishing Recusants according to Iustice and by employing all his powers to suppresse the oppugners or Conspirators against the same Dareth he to abide by this will he henceforth justifie this preseruation and that by his religious oath which hitherto the impoy-soned pens of these Iesuited spirits haue not spared odiously to tearme a cruell persecution wee haue shaked him already from his attonement with vs in this poynt He will tell vs plainely That the Church and Ecclesiasticall cause which he authorized the Prince to protect and preserue is onely the Catholike Church and Religion and then as if orbs and vrbs were all one that the Catholike is the Romish so that vnlesse the King will turne Leigeman with a kinde of vazilage to the Sea of Rome his right of Supremacy in the outward preseruation of the Church which this man dareth assure vs that all Catholikes in England will easily accord vnto must be denied him as not due and proper to the Title of his Regality Papacy is the pole-starre of all their contemplations It is the Centure whereunto are carried and cleaueth fast all their drifts and disputations And no further shall any Prince hold power especially in Ecclesiasticall causes which are all bosomed vp in the breast of his Holinesse then the same shall serue in a sub-ordination to the advancing and exaltation of that most imperious Romish Hyerarcy Nay their temporall authority also must be kitbed stinted and subjugated by that vntollerable yoake of Popish vsurpation except it should be made plyant ranged and accommodated In ordine ad dominum Papam Then not regarding P. R. his assurance of the voluntary submissions and subscriptions of all Catholikes of England to the Kings Supremacy according to the limitation or interpretation aforesayd we may well assure our selues that no English Papists finding this supremacy of defence and preseruation to tend to the subversion and extirpation of their idolatrous Religion will euer yeelde oath to keepe fayth thereunto Yet hauing closed with him in a full consent vnto this position that euery Prince hath Iure divino the supremacy of outward preseruation of the Church and Ecclesiasticall causes within his Territories and Dominions let it be remembred that he neuer hereafter scandalize the proceedings and execution of Iustice in England against the refractaries and treacherous oppugners of the Religion established in this Realme sith the same is the lawfull and necessary act of a well warranted and acknowledged Supremacy from which our publicke profession of Fayth is to receiue protection and preseruation I cannot but conceiue that this Clearke P. R. wil be shent and receiue some checke for his Doctrine For out of question if his Holinesse and Cardinall Bellarmine haue enkindled their displeasures against Mr. Blackwell the Arch-Priest for allowing the Oath of Alleagiance which contayneth onely an acknowledgment of the hereditary rights of temporall Soueraignity whereunto naturall duty in respect of relation doth bind each subject How much more heynously will it be taken that this Arch-Iesuite as if both their Arches had slipped from them at once should so confidently condiscend to this artickle of Spirituall Supremacy in the sence qualification or moderation before expressed He cannot escape the blame of forgetting or forsaking of his principles neyther can he euer salue his offence by any wily Interpretation or beguiling distinction His direct and indirect his absolute and conditionall his mediate and immediate his simpliciter and secundum quid or quatenus and the like which in all his discoursiue argumenting doth make his way for him through many Obstacles whilst he treadeth out vnto vs his maze of Circuler shifts and manifold euasions can touching this his confession or protestation haue no place or serue him to any stead because knowing aforehand how the case standeth in euery circumstanciall or considerable perticularity he hath to the King of England within his seuerall Dominions adjudged the Supreame gouernment of causes Ecclesiasticall as in the office and care of preseruing the Church with the fayth and Doctrine thereof from all wronges or corruptions Forraigne or Domesticall I encroach not vppon him by inferences and constructions I onely take that which he so fully and clearely gyueth and do challenge him that what he hath deliuered vnto vs for his judgement and resolution and that in high termes and vanting and flaunting of his aduantages therein He will notwithstanding any reprehension or retreite from the Pope or Bellarmine still with the like brauery and constancy mayntaine vnto the end but shall I disclose a secret or rather a wonder vnto the World What if the very same Author who so boldly assumeth and assureth at this time for all Catholikes the Title of Spirituall Supremacy
to appertayne to the Crowne Imperiall of this Land doth after in another set Treatise published purposedly or rather maliciously to traduce and discredit our gouernment and to vphold the Popes and Cardinall Bellarmines censures concerning the Oath of Allegiance like a very Changling fall quite away from this his former so earnestly pro ferred and promised conformity declareth himselfe to be so farre from affoording his Majesty by oath his supremacy of preseruation in causes Ecclefiasticall as that he holdeth it vnlawfull for a Catholike conscience to take the oath of Temporall Allegiance as repugnant to the Religion of the Church of Rome will not euery man of vnderstanding admire how the same person can refuse to sweare Allegiance Temporall that hath so readily and hotly granted a Supremacy Spirituail To induce me to beleeue that it is all one person that hath so vndertaken to act vnto vs two so repugnant parts I haue besides fame and report and a kind of idempnity in the phrase and stile some very approveable probabilities his mencioning of the powder-treason in these weake and tender tearmes of that headlong action of a few Catholike Gentlemen and such other lamenting speeches for the euill cariage or miscarying of the enterprise without any one apt or right expressing word to denotate or condemne the foulenesse thereof is certainely moulded with the soft hand of this our countersetting kind-hearted mitigator his shaping and propounding of the generall question concerning the Popes authority over Princes is conceaved even in the same words which this P. R. hath vsed in delivering and expressing the same and then acquainteth vs with his supposall That it was never the meaning of such Catholikes as tooke the Oath of allegiance to deny simply and absolutely That the Pope as supreme Pastor of the Catholike Church hath any authority left him by Christ either directly or indirectly with cause or without cause in neuer so great a necessitie or for neuer so great and publike vtilitie of Christian religion to proceede against any Prince whatsoever temporally for his restraint or amendment Is not this the very same water of the same Cesterne He yet goeth further for better proofe and confirmacion of his said supposall by the selfe-same reasons set forth Verbatim for that they should thereby contradict the generall consent of all Catholike Divines and confesse that Gods providence for the conservacion and preservacion of his Church and kingdome vpon earth hath beene defectuous for that hee should haue left no lawfull remedy for so great and excessive an evill as that way might fall out I had set the print of my fingers vpon all and every of these words before so that by that brand they were presently knowne vnto mee and their Author or owner apparantly discovered howsoever as a Iesuite he stileth himselfe Gent. who bound to no order may assume any shape Then presupposing vpon these likelyhoods that in the pursute of this my slippery adversary Iesuite or Gent. I haue met with him againe as at a new turning I must not let him escape vntill hee make mee a good answere how he can affirme for the King a Supremacy Ecclesiasticall for preserving of the Church and yet alledge against the oath of allegiance a more supreame power in the Pope to suppresse and annihilate that Supremacy and that in a course of Temporall Supereminency I ever tooke Supremacy to be such a superlative as admitteth no superior I never heard of any subalternate supremacy it hath too harsh and absurd a sound but that any temporall Prince absolute of himselfe vndependent vppon any higher on earth immediate to God Almighty should be over-awed or over-topped by the pretended primacy of a Luciferian Prelate and that by the brandishing of a temporall sword and imploying forces coercians temporall what can be more vnsensible to be conceaved more vnreasonable to be maintayned or more impious to be practized Yet the only cause and couler why the Pope commandeth and the Cardinall adviseth the Catholikes of England to forbeare and refuse to take the oath of allegiance is this That in the said oath is couched and included the derogation and renunciation of the sufficiency and absolutenesse of the Popes authority over or against his Majestie claymed by vertue of his high office of supreame Pastor whereby he is enabled to proceed against any Prince whatsoever temporally for his restraint and amendement or to permit other Princes to do the same So that the question of the lawfulnesse of this oath and the question argued in these few leaves of my labor concerning the Popes arrogant Vsurpation hath not any threed of difference sorting both alike to one and the same purpose Therefore if vnto my former refutation of the Mittigators immoderate attribution of power vnto the Pope I shall ioyne some few animadvercions vpon the epistoling Gentlemen also an alter idem of P. R. for the better observing and discovering of his deceitfull and disloyall cariage in the reproving of that oath it will be a continuance of the same skirmish and the like battering of the same bulwarke which the pride of Rome hath erected and endeavoreth to fortifie against the dignity of Kings and the truth of God First I observe that howsoever he vndertaketh in generall tearmes to make good the Popes desision touching the refusall of that oath on the part of his Maiesties Catholikes subiects yet in his perticuler arguing thereupon as if he were also another Pope whom as a iudge it becommeth not to dispute he discusseth not the severall parts to be disliked in the oath or setteth forth plainly and contradictorily the words which hee will hold or maintaine to be vnlawfull or cumbersome to the squemish conscience of their pretended Catholikes whereby a true state or issue of the matter in question might be taken in consideration but in stead of such expresse and positiue mentioning of the disliked parts of that oath glideth away in his glosing fashion wiht bare affirmation of dangerous doctrinall clauses conteining matter of faith craftely conioyned together with the exacting of civill duty preiudiciall to the integritie and purity of Catholike religion This kind of handling a controuersie is rather resoluing then reasoning and more Pope like in determining as a Iudge then Scholler like in demonstrating as a Disputer Why doth hee not to euery branch of the sayd oath affixe and oppose his negatiue without any such faynt plea or fumbling and broken speeches cut of with c. Will the distinction of direct and indirect as he maketh it to serue the Pope for actions and authorities so serue his turne also in speaking and argumenting standeth it with any Logicall rules to induce or inforce conclusions indirectly by conception and application which ought to be produced directly in a full opposition to the questioned proposition Then where the oath hath these plaine words that the Pope hath not any power or authority to depose the King or to dispose any his Maiesties
A DEFENCE OF THE RIGHT OF KINGS WHEREIN THE POWER OF the Papacie ouer Princes is refuted and the Oath of Allegeance iustified WRITTEN FOR THE VSE OF ALL English Romanists more especially for the Information of those Priests or Iesuits which are by Proclamation commanded to conforme themselues or depart the Kingdome By EDWARD FORSIT Esquire LONDON Printed by B. A. for Nathaniel Butter and are to be sold at his shop at the Pyed Bull neere Saint Austens Gate 1624. TO THE MOST HIGH AND POTENT MONARCH IAMES OF GREAT BRITAINE FRANCE AND IRELAND KING DEFENDER OF THE FAITH c. TO THE RIGHT REVEREND FATHER in God GEORGE by the Diuine Prouidence Lord Bishop of LONDON my singular good Lord. THE whole Church and Kingdome of England Right Reuerend Prelate hath a long time together taken notice of that continuall neerenesse into which it hath pleased his Maiestie who does all things vpon Iudgement to admit your wisedome and faithfulnesse in matters of aduice especially which be most proper to your sacred Function Which Grace of your Lordships with so wise and learned a Prince hath perswaded me that as you were the fittest so you would be the willingest to doe our Great Master this seruice for so I hope this Office will proue if your Lordship wil be pleased that this Boke may by your hands haue accesse vnto his Maiestie It treats of a Royall Argument and therefore euen of dutie to be dedicated to a King as a thing due vnto Caesar And due vnto our King especially whom God hath raysed vp in Brittaine as the Fort Royall of Princes to amate that Tower of Babel that prowd Castle of S. Angelo And therefore as his Maiestie himselfe hath first of all and best of all written in this kind and giuen the ablest directions vnto others to prosecute the Argument so it might seeme presumption if any thing of this subiect should come abroad without his Royall assent His Maiesties example together with this Gentleman 's owne zeale to the Cause did at first no doubt encourage this learned Author to vndertake this present Worke who as he still is by his place a Iustice of Peace so hath he here done Iustice vpon that sawcie Medler with the Rights of Princes Parsons the Iesuit and those two seditious Bookes of his one comming our vnder the name of P. R. the other of a Catholike Gentleman both which he hath here made to keepe the Kings peace The Title will I hope find gracious acceptance and the Booke honourable approbation with his sacred Maiestie Which hope of mine hath emboldened me to offer it vnto your good Lordship as a testimonie of my most hearty and humble thankfulnesse for those fauors which I haue receiued from your goodnesse the remembrance of which shall euer bind me to be at your Lordships seruice most faithfully Nathaniell Butter TO THE READER OCTAVIVS the Emperour did rather chuse to violate the will of Virgil then to consume those laborious AEneids of his in the flames of Obliuion Why then should not this example of his excuse me from blame of the Author of this following Worke for attempting to commit to the Presse and commending that to others in publike which he but lent to me in priuate since good things are best knowne by their vse and well considering how acceptable it may prooue to our hopefull times The end of his 〈◊〉 when hee first began this Treatise I am well assured was onely to satisfie his owne priuate Iudgement esteeming it through his too much Modestie so farre vnfit for the publike view as for the space of tenne or twelue yeeres since the finishing of it hee suffered it to rest obscure amongst his other priuate Labours wherein his industrie and abilitie may appeare to be made yet more transparent in his owne vnder-valuing of what hee hath so exactly performed Which comming thus accidentally to my hands and viewing the matter it treated of and the malicious slanders it retreated I could not chuse but euen blame the vnkind Author that would haue made the very Wombe of this his seasonable Off-spring the Tombe and giuen it at one and the same time both life and dissolution together I haue therefore aduentured my Endeuors without his knowledge beyond his expectation and I am afraid against his desire for the publishing of that which I knew might prooue so vsefull which remaining obscure and in silence neither should the Cause nor the Parsons be vindicated nor yet the soueraigntie of this Antidote against that dispersed Poyson haue beene discernable or serued for publike benefit And though the man opposed be as I conceiue vncapable of defence yet there remaine many of his Labors that like the Vipers brood haue suckt a stronger Poyson from his death Nor want there many of his Iesuited Disciples who may yet doe him right if they thinke him iniuried though it be true Vni Caesari multi insunt Marii All I desire is pardon from the Author vpon whose Worth so well knowne and Loue so often tryed by me I haue thus farre presumed not doubting but the publike good that may ensue his owne Labour will ouer-sway his resolued retyrednesse As for thy acceptance I doubt it not because the benefit is thine owne and accounting it reward enough to my selfe that I am but the Instrument of communicating this to others Farewell F. B. PARTICVLAR MATTERS discussed in this Treatise THe occasion of this Question concerning the Popes power The mitigations of P. R. touching the Powder-treason His mangling and omitting of my Lords words Whether the Pope cannot erre with the manifold distinctions of the Papists therein How the true estate of the Question concerning the Popes power is hidden by a cunning forme of words Whether this point be generally agreed vpon amongst Catholikes and how dangerous the same is to the State How he minceth and mitigateth the matter in question The true Question and how largely it extendeth The reasons made for the position and the same answered and that there neither is nor euer was any standing Authoritie to depriue Kings No reason for the Popes power in nature Whether the vniuersall Pastorship be instituted by Christ and what points must be prooued before that come to be made good The Iesuites busie entermedling in State-affaires The proofe from the word Pasce Oues examined and Baronius his expositions and inferences in this matter Other strange arguments for the Popes temporall power The Pope no rightfull successor of S. Peter but wrongfully pretendeth his Authoritie or Primacie The Pope no successor or imitator of Christ. Their distinction of Authoritie direct and vndirect examined What necessitie there is of this Pastorall power and how it is qualified Politike reaches in Poperie to aduance the Authoritie aforesaid The Pope may reduce all causes to his Cognizance and how farre he may extend the power of Seculare Brachium the Sccular Arme. The Doctrine of the Iesuits concerning the deposing of Princes
Catholikes had a desire to draw foorth from his Lordship c. It seemeth that these laques of the Romish faction are very frequently acquainted with such fictions what destinie can be more disasterous then that the credence so publikly deliuered by so honorable a person of his place and eminency in the state and of such vnspotted integritie in the carriage of all causes and otherwise to bee sufficiently testified also by the concurrence of sundry mens particular knowledge must vndergoe the girds and glances of his misdoubts and questioning curiositie but leauing the cauilling fellow to his maleuolent surmises I will now come to his other presumption whereby hee vndertaketh to assure and satisfie my Lord of the doctrinall position of deposing Soueraignes wherein albeit I well know that his honour is most able with his sharpe enquirie and iuditious discerning to looke into all the secretest corners and hiding places which he can contriue or reserue in this cause Nequae forte lateat intus garrula cornix yet not knowing whether his Lordship out of his many other most waightie affaires can affoord vnto this vain discourser so much losse of time as but to read his so idle frothy stuffe I humbly aske leaue of his Lordship 〈◊〉 my meanenes and weaknes may make aduenture to take him in hand to charge him and combate him in this so high and most important controuersie But before we come to the core of the question let it be obserued what good cause he hath to pleade for mittigation and how well he acteth the part of a mittigator In the mention which hee maketh of the late powder plot for the suddaine and vnrecouerable subuersion of our gratious King and the whole state at once the very cogitation whereof is as full of horror as the perpetration thereof would haue beene of treachery and atrocitie what fit or equiualent tearme hath his mild and mittigating spirit deuised to expresse or paint forth the hainousnes thereof he doth twice for fayling iterate vnto vs that it was the temeritie of a few He could not haue chosen a more easier or more abating word if he had beene to reprooue them for some small misdemeanour against a petty Constable can it be otherwise thought but that this Artist and Tradesman of words did out of his inclination and tendernesseof heart sort out of the gentlest tearme he could find lest he should seeme too sharpe and sore against them Doth he imagine by such his initigation to persuade the King and Realme to tolleration the kings Councell learned at the law in the dinotation and amplification of that vnspeakeable conspiracy finding it to conteyne so many treasons in one declared the same to be as Sine exemplo sine mode so also sine nomine Now this Rhetoricall Father could haue taught them all to haue framed the inditement vpon his so proper name the treason of temeritie I can hardly endure his other word few sauouring of the like mittigation also yet I know that I shall euen madde him in telling him the very troth of my thought Hee sayth That to extend and draw out the hatred and participation of that fault to others of that religion yea vnto the whole multitude is a matter of exorbitant iniustice and vntemperate malice I confesse that he hath herein some aduantage both by the admirable goodnes and clemency of so louing a Soueraigne that suffereth not Iealousie to out trunne proofes and by the deffect of discouerie of the degrees and depths of that designe Yet if it bee but to crosse him in the conceit hee carrieth fronting the same in the stile and inscription of his booke That it is not vnpossible for Catholikes and Protestants to liue together in dutifull obedience and subiection vnder the gouernment of his Maiestie I will let him know that for my part I did long since make it euen an article of my beleefe that the like plot was rightly to be resembled to the trayne of powder wherby it was to haue had his execution for as one corne thereof would haue fired another carrying the flash along till the whole should ioyne together in full force So vndoubtedly the maine corps of Papacy within this land would haue beene stirred vp being laid in order and prepared by those wicked traynors and leaders according as they had contriued the fire of their treason and rebellion to catch hold flame forth And it may sooner be feared then it can be known that besides the few powder cornes ditected and disappointed there was a longer and stronger traine yea great and mighty barrells that would haue beene combined to haue wrought the generall combustion and dissipation of the whole state I will rest this point with prayer that howsoeuer there may be vse or necessitie to trust vnto their faithfulnes yet that there may neuer be opportunitie or meanes giuen them for the triall of her infidelitie and disloyaltie An other tricke of his running in mittigation is shewed in the mangling and mincing of the sense and feruency of his Lordships speech hee wholly pretermitteth that part of the recited sentence which by charging them to haue imployed so many seditious spirits to instruct the vnlearned Catholikes in the mysteries of deposing Princes doth the more vrgently presse them by a iust account to make good the causes of such their mischieuons and detestable proceedings Shall I coniecture at his conceite in concealing or withdrawing of these words be felt the same to strike into his sides the spurre of guiltines by the remembrances of his owne notorious offences who for many yeares hath beene thought a busie instrument of enkindling the simple and deuoted Catholikes with the spirit of sedition and hath beene a detected confederate in the trayterous agences wherein his subordinate Iesuites hath beene so disloyally imployed Wherefore though he had no great liking to heare againe the sound of such words as must conuey an accusing sting into his conscience yet he thought to lay it heauy vpon him as a charge that hee might not well auoyde to set forth by declaring of the Papall right some seeming shew in iustification of his owne and his complices vndue disloyall dealings In the rehearsall of the same sentence he maketh one other omission of these words inclosed in a parenthesis in which it is supposed the Pope cannot erre This prero gatiue point of the Popes new erring iudgement hee hath slyly passed by as not willing to rush vpon that rock vpon the firmenes and stabilitie whereof their whole Church is bailt this opinion as his Lordship truely deliuered hath for some ages passed beene receiued and stifly maintayned by the fawning hindes of the Pope that hath beene accustomed Tribunat Romanum lambere but this good mitigator finding no coulerable defence against many and wayty arguments whereby such the transcending exaltation bestowed one his holinesse is vtterly deiected and ouerthrowne hath no great liking to passe his affirmation and assent to that doctrine
controuerted betweene vs in that kind of language which hee speaketh I found that hee vsed so much glosing and dilating so many gay shewes and pretences such cloathing and decking of the cause with well chosen words for the faire carriage of the matter as that the naked and plaine sence thereof was not easily to be discouered But after scanning more aduisedly and breaking the ranke of his words to looke into his innermost meaning and matching the same with that hee must stay if hee will performe his vndertakings I discerned at the last a sowre pill to bee wrapped vp in a leafe of gold the doctrine of conspiracy and rebellion against the state and life of Princes cunningly couered ouer with a thicke crust of sweet Candie to relesh the better with the simple and so to deceiue them with a fore-inducing sweetnes The Proposition must be this The Pope may depose the king and such his power is approoued of all Catholikes And that appeareth thus his Lordship speaking of the seditious spirits that instruct the vnlearned in the mysteries of deposing Princes desireth therein some publike and definitiue sentence Orthodoxall for cleare explication of such The Popes assumed power ouer Soueraigne Princes therefore if this smooth mittigator will without winding away by circumlocutions and without his so finely framed tendernesse of Phrase speake ad idem plainely and home to the purpose hee must auouch this to bee a publike definitiue sentence That the Pope hath lawfull power to depose Princes but how doth hee expresse and pronounce this point hee is so nice and warie that hee thinketh not good to name the Pope at all doubting belike that that name is distastfull but in stead thereof hee bestoweth on his holinesse the stately stile of Supreame Gouernour and Pastor of the Church and Common-wealth repeating the same words sundry times and purposedly auoiding the other doth hee not imploy and inferre by this mounting of the Pope to the title of Supreame Gouernour of the Common-wealth that hee is the king of kings and that Princes hold their scepters as Viceroyes and Lieutenants vnder him I vnderstand not else how he can close the Common wealth within the Popes clawes then again in the like sort he shunneth the hatefull tearm of deposing and vseth in the stead therof restraining repressing censuring or iudging And lastly he doth very mildly mittigate the rigor of deprauing the name or depriuing the person of the Prince by applying this power to the restraining or censuring any exorbitant pernicious excesse of great men States or Princes would not any man iudge that being so mannerly so 〈◊〉 and cautulous he were affraid or shamed to fall so fowle vpon Princes as to maintaine the vsurpation of Papacy in deposing of them hee setteth not one step in this question wherein hee doth not doubt that hee treadeth vpon thornes yet trusting vpon his two great gifts facilitie of speech and boldnesse of face Hee spareth not to tell his Lordship that his Diuine might easily haue enformed him that amongst Catholike people the matter is cleere and sufficiently defined and declared in all points wherein there may bee any doubt concerning this affaire Surely his Lordships Deuine may perhaps concurre in opinion with Master Morton and most euidently discerne the consent and adherensie of Catholikes in the execrable practise of this proposition but that they haue not agreed in the iudgements and approbation of the point in question the direct renouncing and disclayming thereof by some of the best learned of that side at the time of their suffering of death for Treason doth cleerely and fully make knowne vnto him and all the world I will not take vpon me to search out and lay together heapes of rapsodies and collections culled our of their writers to demonstrate their differences in this argument thereby to disprooue their so pretended agreement in this definitiue sentence but I trust to shew the same to be so false so weake so washie and of so little waight as vpon the ripping and examining thereof it will euery whit of it fall quite asunder fayling altogether of all ground whereupon to stand and hauing no good props to sustaine or support the same In the meane while hee may perhaps doe vs a little more good than hee wisheth by his intimation vnto vs That among Catholike people the matter is so cleere for we are thereby to take notice and warning how little wee are to trust Catholikes seeing they acknowledge this L. Peramount aboue the Kings must yeeld their Omni-modā obedientiā to that supreame Pastor combining themselues at his beck in al dangerous designes when any pretence is made that the gouernment of spiritual affaires appertaining to the Cath. Church is letted or impugned by our temporall gouernour for in such case saith this learned Father the said supream Pastor hath authority to proceed against the said temporall gouernor for defence preseruation of his spiritual Charge had we not need to looke about vs euen with Argus eyes when wee haue so many hands of this Briarius to fasten vpon vs at euery turne euery let of spirituall affaires is punishable by the supreame Pastor and such lets may as easily be imputed or imposed for a crime vpon the temporall gouernour here is a good gap opened and a way made wide enough for the firebrands of sedition and the contentious discontented to reuell and route it in a common wealth to suggest inform obiect and oppose against all magistracy Here againe I must put him in mind of his mittigations and extenuations in sorting and vsing the gentler and more pleasing words What shall we think he meaneth by proceeding against the Temporall gouernor might he not as well haue said cite him censure him excommunicate him depose him and beare him out of his chaire of estate with the horns of a dreadful Bull If Paulus the 3 or Pius the 5 had had this our mealie mouthed mittigator to haue bin the penman of their Bulls he would rather haue the milder words of proyning or repressing then the other of extreame and violent borrowed from the Prophet Ieremie of destroying and pulling vp by the rootes yet his kindnesse doth not hold constant for in after reasonings when he ioyneth vp issue vpon the true state of the question whether the words of the Prophet be well applyed by allusion to make good the authoritie of Christs successors vpon earth and whether the forenamed Popes by such their arrogant and impudent glosing vpon the text doth not in this forcing and streyning of the Scriptures peruert the Sacred Oracles of God he is content to ioyne with his companions of that feather in iustification of the right ayplying of the text for the confirmation of the Papall power of pulling vp and destroying Soueraigne Gouernours though indeed to doe him right all the reason he vseth or yeeldeth in defence therof is onely and barely this Is this so great an impietie thinke you Then let him
giue what allay he listeth to the tartnesse of this doctrine by his well seasoning thereof with his soft and supple words yet as in the practike the degrees of proceeding against Princes doth grow in order or rather in disorder of consequence by the actuall attempt of their subuersion and destruction so in the disputatiue to allow him his mittigating tearmes of redressing or repressing will by direct inference and necessarie extention reach to the crowne and life of Imperiall Maiestie Therefore laying aside all masking and mincing of the matter by his artificiall vtterance the cause in controuersie and to be argued is all one in the words as we put it whether the Pope may depose the Prince and in the words as this shye and slye discourser will needes haue it whether the Supreame Pastor may reftraine the exorbitant and pernicious excesse of great men c. Now that we haue the right questioned proposition set downe plainely and stripped of that Rhetoricall array which dazled our eyes from discerning the true vnderstanding and intention thereof wee may proceede to the considering and sifting of the reasons deuised and alleadged for the maintenance of this assertion Neuerthelesse it is not my purpose nor standing with my profession being no Diuine and scant a Scholler to looke into all the sinewes and veines of this question to the vttermost spread and extent thereof it toucheth vpon some principles of naturall reason it also runneth through the course of Histories of all ages and countries It is triable by many rules and examples both in the old and new Testament it wanteth not the censure of the old Doctors and Fathers of the Church It is handled cunningly and mystically by the Popes Minions the Canonists It must abide a canuasse amongst the Sophisticating Schoolemen Finally it hath beene by the moderne handlers of controuersie argued with much skill and strength of wit I haue no intent to leade along this question through all the parts of learning I will willingly leaue the loade and tugge off such multiplicity or rather vniuersalitie to his good hand and dexterity of handling who is already interessed and engaged thereunto and no doubt well prouided and most accomplished I meane Mr Morton against whom this Popish volume is addressed in refutation of his former learned and religious treatise My endeauours in this cause be confined onely to that part of the Preface in the which concerning this question that dissembling Authour hath set forth the Catholike opinion accompanyed and garded with some reasons to confirme and strengthen the same pretending thereby to let his Lordship know that the point whereof hee resteth doubtful is amongst them reduced to a generall resolued certainety the opinion it selfe what it is indeed or what it ought to be in the direct opposition or as he presumeth satisfaction to his Lordship hath beene already sufficiently debated and laid downe His reasons to cogere assensum be two one that this assertion is founded in the very law of nature and nations the other is also maintainable by the authoritie prouidence and ordinance of our Sauiour Christ for declaration of his first reason hee setteth forth that in the Common-wealths that are not Christians all Philosophers Law-makers Senators Councellors Historiographers and all other sorts of soundest wisedome prudence and experience either Iew or Gentile haue from the beginning of the world concurred in this that God and Nature hath left sufficient authoritie in euery Common wealth for the lawfull and orderly full repressing of these euills euen in the highest persons so what a cloude of witnesses hee hath brought out with one breath and yet no more for the proofe of his purpose than the casuall confluence or concourse of Democritus his motes did serue to make solide bodies or concreate substances In this obiection he and I are as sarre a 〈◊〉 as is from Rome to London nay as farre as the 〈◊〉 is from the West where he saith all Common wealths Philosophers Law-makets 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hers and all sorts of 〈◊〉 dest wisedome Iew or Gentile c. I on the other side will be centent to make the like pompious and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of all Common-wealths Lawn published or professed that by any ordinary authority such redresse as herein is meant by deposition of Princes or highest persons was or might be lawfully reasonably or iustly had vsed or exercised I am not ignorant that hauing in this challenge put my felfe vpon the negatiue and so giuen to him so large a scope of aduantage as to disprooue my generality with any one affirmatiue instance it behooueth me to hold my selfe close to that very point which I require to be fully prooued therfore once againe so he will take in for a fauor that I doe ease him of the great taske which hee hath vndertaké to shew that all Common wealths Philosophers c. wherin his friends may pitty him for presumption in proposing impossibilities I redouble it vnto him thus that he cannot produce from al the infinity of learning any one president prophane or sacred whereby it may appeare that by any publikely authorised orders there was euer any standing and ordinary direction and power for the deposing of lawfull Princes against their wills from their inheritable rights of Soueraignty I say lawfull Princes to meet with the obiections he is like to cloy vs with of some Princes who by reason of their naturall impotencies were accounted vncapable or vnlawfull of other some who acquiring Kingdomes by the sword inuasion may be deemed vnlawfull and so with like force violence to be repressed and expelled Likewise I haue added inheritable rights as well because that fitteth our state in whose bowels this debate hath so dangerously striuen as also to cut off from him the feeding supplies of his error which are the electiue governments wherein perhaps now then vpon breaches of contracted condition there hath ensued deprauation from the possessed dignitie yet those deprauations for the most part haue beene in tumult violence and disorder factiously and mutinously performed without any reguler or iuridical course agreeable to the tenure of the lawes of that place 〈◊〉 added against their wills both because this enforcement from the Pope is of that nature and vpon purpose to disfurnish him of some examples wherein I foresee how triumphantly he would haue gloried For we doe not deny but there hath beene many resignations vpon due consideration had by those suppressed Princes of the many acknowledged and vnanswerable defects or offences in their regiment and of the vndigestable dislike conceiued by the subiects of such their misgouerning and abusing superiority Besides I must 〈◊〉 him with an other Caueat that neither the Romane Turkish nor any such Emperours will serue the turne for instances in this case because to say nothing of their forceable acquirings for the most part of such their Imperiall feares their deposing hath bin executed by strong hand rather by the fury of armed
not to discerne the sleight thereof he speaketh plainely in honest and oyly words That that authority temporal is to be moderated by many perticularities to be considered There must be iust cause graue and vrgent motives formall proceedings great deliberation lawfull meanes and other circumstances to concurre requiering great discretion what a goodly displaying he maketh in tearmes of the best shew when yet howsoeuer occasins shall alter their intentions there is no more conteyned or propounded thereby then what is vsually requisite in all Benches of Iustice erected for tryall of common rights But our question is Whether the Pope be a competent Iudge vpon or against Temporall Gouernours let the matter be caried neuer so presizely and circumspectly that maketh him no title for enterposing his vsurped Authority Therefore hee might well haue spared his paines in making this the third question which neither in this nor any other iudiciall power is any question at all But he conceived that this orderly course and discrect cariage which hee would haue vs to presuppose in the Pope would carry vs along in all conformity to condiscend to any his presumptious and vsurping iurisdiction Let him tell whether the publicke denunciation or rather execration made euery Maundee Thursday against the Hereticks whatsoeuer doth not also enwrap the Princes of our religion especially if they haue made and executed feuere lawes against the Popish within the danger and rigor of that sentence which if it do then these flourishing and superfluous words of the cognition of the cause of due proceedings of vrgent motiues of aduised consultations of lawfull meanes of preambles and circumstances are but snares to beguile the simple seeing that his Holinesse for the most part acteth his solemnities and ceremonies of Excommunication both generally and personally without the obseruing of the particularities Beyond all this the pondering of such seuerall considerations to whose brest or trust are they recommended are they not euery one wholly and absolutely in the Popes discretion Let vs but remember the course of proceedings by these perticularities against our late Queene his Holinesse tooke knowledge as well by publicke fame as by complayning relacions of the afflicted and distressed Catholikes and of Queene Elizabeths hard vsage of them in this Kingdome there is the vrgent motive and importing cause what were the consultations what the meanes and what the proceedings a Bull of Excommunication publickly deprived her of her Royall Dignity setteth free her Subiects from their Allegiance enioyneth all Catholikes to endeavor her deposing and so exposeth her to continuall Treasons and bloody Assassinates This is the short Epitome of this all presuming Papacy Then let any other Prince take to himselfe the like scantling by the measure offered to Queene Elizabeth bethinking himselfe whether the enumeration of so many good poynts of aduisednes and the cautilous respects set forth by glosing words may sufficiently secure him from feares and iealousies One other doubt of great consequence and preiudice may much perplex Princes which is the vndistinguished and vnlimited nature of the causes triable by the Popes authority for what cause can be supposed so meerely Ciuill as hath not some mixture of cases in Conscience and so to be referred in order to a spirituall end becomming as in that regard of a spirituall cognizance And then his Holinesse holding himselfe onely in his owne element beeing the supreame Iudge in spirituall doubts how extendable is the amplitude of his power to any manner of debates or variences which by complaint or appeale vnder a colour of devotion or religion shall be presented to his holy decision But the deadliest poyson that lyeth in the Dragons Tayle is the disposition and ordination of the meanes of giuing to such Popes Iudgements the full blow of execution For where the spirituall blast of his indignation is not much regarded there as the inferior rout of the Clergy doth his holinesse will not sticke to implore the ayde of the secular arme be it forraine be it domesticall be it directly for the same cause or indirectly I am in loue 〈◊〉 that distinction vpon the fore-plotted quarrells be it by the sedicious tumult of insurrection or by any 〈◊〉 audaciousnesse of 〈◊〉 Surely when I consider the desperate 〈◊〉 of some particular men who abandoning all care or respect of themselues and instigated onely with a seeming zeale of religion do with violent hands of blood enterprise the distruction of Prince I am induced to beleeue that they haue some direct Commission or some indirect incitation so to compell and precipitate their ill gouerned mindes into the horror of so vild an action Neverthelesse I may not dissemble that concerning any priuate exployts in this kinde they disclayme the approbation thereof though I am well assured that experience to the contrary doth make it manifest that they dissemble This authority sayth this our satisfying mittigator doth not onely not allow the wicked and vnlawfull attempts of priuate men but also doth expressely and publickely condemne the same as in the Councell of Constance the wicked article of lawfull killing of Princes by private men holding them Tyrants is rejected and condemned Euery man seeth how resolued a case he maketh it both by the Catholicke Divines and by the Cannon of the Councell of Constance that no priuate attempts though of neuer so magnanimous a spirit against the life of a Prince though neuer so much tainted with Tyranny insuffieiency infidellity or heresie can be in any sort iustifiable But that it may the better be knowne that these be but fallacious and gay-coated words Ad faciendum populum I will for bearing any mine owne refutations encounter and contradict this smoothing P. R. with one of his owne fellow Iesuites that goeth more roundly and plainly to this poynt Such a one as whether he bestowed his skill and faculty with any mischiefeuous intention to animate wicked enterprises for his Booke was Printed about the very time of our last so memorable plots of Treason my charity will suspend my iudgement he casteth no colours nor feareth to deliuer boldly his resolutions and encouragements to all Catholikes It is Iohannes Mariana a Spaniard and Iesuite and a Diuinity Reader his Booke is intituled De Rege et Regis institutione published in the the yeare 1605. Dedicated to the King of Spaine and printed Per missu superiorum yea and Regia authoritate Now if Mr. P. R. will allow this great Scholler comming foorth in lucem et oculos hominum accompanied with such estate of attending approbations to be a Catholike hee shall heare him speake and then set him blame his temerity for telling tales out of the Iesuiticall Schoole The sixe Chapter of his first Booke is wholy bestowed vpon this question of the lawfulnesse of deposing or slaying Tyrants The particularity of killing the French King is argued the reasons on both sides produced pondered and enforced His determination decideth and adjudgeth the fact to haue beene just prayse worthy
and agreeable to the Catholicke grounds He further setteth foorth the receiued opinion of the Church to be that it is lawfull for Subiects when the King resuseth to be reformed and after sentence against him to renounce their Obedience to consult for the leuying of a necessary Warre to taxe the people with the charge thereof and with armed force and weapons in such case of necessitie to set vpon him to kill him and destroy him and then descendeth to this conclusion Eademque facultas esto cuicunque priuato qui spe impunitatis abiecta neglecta propria salute in conatum iuvandi rempublicam ingredi voluerit Let any private man which casting aside all hope of impunity and carelesse of his owne safety will adventure to enterprise his endevors to relieue the Common-wealth take vnto him the same liberty Hath he not soundly and definitively declared the doctrine of the Church of Rome and the very secresies and misteries of the Iesuites profession to the apparant conviction of this Mittigators fained attestations And to the foresaid Councell of Constance which is produced to impugne this position of the practises or attempts of private men against lawfull Soveraignes hee also maketh answere in this manner First that no Decree of any Councell standeth good and holy without the consent of his Holinesse thereunto Then that this Decree was neuer approved by Pope Martin the 5th neither would Eugenius or his successors euer ratifie the same and after declareth also that the Fathers of that assembly did chiefly intend that their Session and consultation against the Hussits who maintained that Princes for crimes by them committed did forfeit their estate and that thereupon they might lawfully be by any man deprived of that power which they vniustly held or obteined Againe that in perticuler and properly they then purposed to opugne the proposition of Iohannes Parvus a Divine of Paris who vnder colour of this defence that it was lawfull by private authority to kill a Tirant endeavored to justifie the fact of the Duke of Burgundie in slaying of the Duke of Orleance In which case there were these diversities from that rule Here was betweene these persons equallitie and no inferioritie there was a solemne oath violated and broken and here was no attending for the sentence or direction of the Superior Here we see two Iesuites in two different opinions in a matter of greatest moment both of them founding vpon the faith of the Church both approved permissu superiorum by the allowance of the superiors Thus hauing buckled together two principall Iesuites to lugg and tugg each other by the eares I will only thus far giue my verdit of their variance That the Spanierd Mariana dealeth plainly and constantly to the practize of Popery and the ratificacions and afirmacions of the Popes themselues who will not endure any abridging of their prerogatiue power of proceeding against Princes in what sort soeuer And our English P. K. hideth the sting would conceale deepe dissembled treacheries by protesting termes to secure vs from suspicions till the venome of malice hath pierced all the veines of the state and seazed our very hart and life-blood by surprizes vnthought of hauing brought vs into a carelesse and deceitfull securitie P. R. hath beene very curious and copious in trying and examining his aduersaries allegacions interpretacions falsificacions translacions and applicacions seeming so watchfull and diligent in that kind of animaduersion as if he accounted it a shame and foile to omit any line or sillable vnanswered for indeede the whole bulke of his booke in this businesse is fraught with no other stuffe then with such wrangling matter of misavouching and misconsterings of quoted allegacions But that it may appeare how his deadly hooke resting in the beliefe of his heart is covered over with an honied bait beguiling vs with fairer speach I shall be bold to trouble him with one question What is the cause that Mr. Mortons publication of the solemne Oration made by the Pope Xixtus the 5. in the Consistory of the Cardinalls in the commendation of the notable rare and memorable act of the braue Monke that killed the French King and the inferrence by him made and vrged against the Pope for his maintenance of Conspiracy and Treason is both by the modrate answer first and after by this mitigating replier layed aside in silence and not once handied or glanced at by any seeming answer The truth is they were enwrapped with a dilemna to allow the fact was against their pretence in their position and to disallow the Pope was against their faith in their religion they must defend by argument what for outward carriage is giuen them in charge sith it tendeth to their aduantagious purpose and they may not without dispensation either presume to censure or vndertake to oppugne what his Holinesse approveth lest they betray and shake the foundacion of their Supremacy By this time I trust his well cloaked dubble iniquity is discovered to his very nakednesse were it not now very strange that hee and I whom our former contencions haue so farr devided afunder should part reconciled and well accorded In his sixt Chapter of corruptions and falsificacions hee taketh hold of Mr. Morions exposition That the Imperiall and Kingly Authority in Spirituall causes reacheth no farther then as to outward preservation and not to personall administration Hereupon he assureth vs that if this be really ment all the Catholikes of England will presently take the oath of Supremacy requiring with an earnest challēge that as this is publikely printed and that by Authority so it may have publike allowance performāce to make it good whereby as touching that poynt there may be an attonemēt I feare that the man in the heate of his sudden apprehension and without the wary consideracion which his pen hath been accustomed vnto doth overshoote and forget himselfe Shall I thinke that he hath never read or vtterly forgotten the Oath of Supremacy He hath so scanned and canvased the Statutes of Henry the eight Edward the sixth and Queene Elizabeth picking at every mote thereof and making a beame of the same though with a left eye and a left hand that I cannot so much as surmize but that he hath had every threed of this question betweene his fingers Therefore if his former subtillity hath not suddenly betrayed him and exposed him to derision as I must admire that he is so easily reformed in Iudgement so I shall be content to embrace the occasion of a well gained agreement And will P. R. the Iesuite and the rest of the English Catholikes of the Romish faction abide by this word in good earnest that if the Kings Maiestie doe not claime or assume vnto him personall administration in cause Ecclesiasticall the Oath of Supremacy shall no further be stood vpon or refused Then let him bethinke himselfe of this part or clause of the Oath That no forraigne Prince Person Prelate State or Potentate hath or ought
and take his patterne from the Protestant Princes who haue resumed their ancient and originall rights and not from them whom he calleth Catholikes that honoreth the best and dishonoreth themselues wherefore the Gent. may hold his hand from the booke his kind offer of swearing vnto his Majesty as much loyalty as euer any Catholike Subject of England did vnto the lawfull King in former times and ages before the Change of King H. 8. will not be accepted as a suffring seruice or duty Then was both King and people made drunke with the Popish cup of spirituall Fornications the Kings then were but halfe Kings and the Subiects but halfe Subjects his Holinesse had pared away so much from the one and gayned so much vppon the other the one could not be absolute in commanding for feare that his Superior should enterpose the other could not be absolute in obeying because there might come a stronger countermaund then what hath this offer more then thus We haue beene filthy and will be filthy still And why should not his Maiesty require of his Subiects such obedience as by the rules of the true reformed Religion which hee professeth he lawfully may doe Or is there any reason that he should still be held to the former wrongs and disaduantages which ignorance hypocrisie pride and other manifold corruptions did beget and produce against his Crowne and Soveraignity Is it to be reckoned a poynt of Fayth and Saluation to lay forth a limitation of that power which hath beene heretofore so infinitly extended and so vniustly claymed and what is this limitation Forsooth that the Pope cannot make Kings no Kings or Subiects no Subiects that his spirituall Sheephooke may not subdue the Princely Scepter nor order and dispose of temporall rights why may not the Pope be limited with some clauses Of what he may do and what he may not doe The Gent. dogeth me with P. R. his distinction of directly and indirectly which importeth thus much that in plaine true and in direct course to his Pastorall office there be fixed bounds which he cannot passe but in an vndue vnproper and indirect course he may goe where he listeth neyther hedge nor ditch can hold him neyther can there any matter of cause be conceiued wherevnto this indirect and outstretched power may not be carried we reckon in the Common acceptation of speech vndirect dealing to bee fraudulent and vniust dealing and why shold it not likewise be vnderstood that this indirect authority is a wrong vsurping and mis-begotten authority The temporall is subordinate to the spiritual therefore in ordine ad Spiritualia he that hath all spirituallity may in that regard as occasions be ministred rule and order any temporall thing or businesse whatsoever this is the reach strayne of their indirectly which can be no lesse then a direct and shamelesse illuding shift for maintayning whereof and iustifying of that infinity of doing and determining so many English Subiects must forsake and abandon their obedyence breaking a sunder all the chaynes of loue and allegiance which Nature Lawes Diuine and humane and necessity it selfe doeth tye them with alas that vppon so slender proofe not contayning so much as a shadow of any probability our deare Country-men enjoying the benefits of the same soyle and pertaking the protection of so gracious a Prince whereby their liues and estates are preserued in peace and good repose should bee bewitched to their owne woe and seduced to the stirring of sedition Yet it is not vnknowne that diuers of them moued more with the true zeale of rendring to his Maiesty their dutious respects then carried with that head-strong and blind zeale of attending the pleasure and commands of their great Dragon haue willingly and as wee are to judge faithfully taken the oath aforesayd to the exceeding comfort and as he entertayneth the same with an acceptable construction to the assuring of his Maiesty of their vnfeined fidellity But this cauilling Gent. taketh exception vnto and maketh considerations vppon the words willingly and faithfully First for shew and proofe that they haue not done it willingly or freely hee alledgeth that the statute imposing such a paine vppon the refusors doth make a kinde of restraynt through feare and so depriueth them both of liberty and freedome I appeale to the parties themselues that haue taken the oath who speaketh more truely and honestly of then he or I when I finde it a branch of their oath that they doe sweare willingly I doe beleeue them not taking them to be so Reprobate as in any such 〈◊〉 rate manner forsweare themselues Neither doe I 〈◊〉 so 〈◊〉 of them as that the passion of feare could so farre transport them as to make them sweare 〈…〉 He belike knowing them better then I 〈◊〉 against them that they haue not taken the oath willingly and therefore they be directly 〈◊〉 yet he thinketh he hath pleased them againe and falued the matter by laying the fault vpon the enforcement of feare wrought in their hearts by the rigiour of the Law In the meane time hee maketh them in their Religion to be very faint and of little faith if worldly respects and dread of Calamities can so farre stagger them or preuaile ouer their infirmities as to make them feare man more then God and so in an vnbeleefe and prophannesse hazard saluation by forswearing but because he so carpeth at the carriage and composure of that oath and the enterlacing of those words I would aske his opinion whither it be not lawfull and reasonable that any Magistrate may yea ought to charge the conscience of him that sweareth that he shall doe the same willingly and faithfully Or doth he know any oath wherein the same are equall thereunto to expresse the trueth and sincerity of the heart be not eyther directly vsed or necessarily imployed His supposall of feares troubles or losses is as applyable to the taking of any other oath and by any other persons aswell as to this by them taken seeing that there is no oath prescribed to be required or exacted of any subiect but the refusall thereof doth occasionally and consequently draw dangers and losses to the partie so refusing And doth hee thinke it fit to infert thereof that all the oathes that are propounded with such condition or likely to breed such inconvenience to the refuser are not taken freely and heartily I wish his wits more freedome and his heart more loyalty then so to judge If the oath had stayed at the recognition of his Majesties right vnto the Crowne and had not mentioned the Popes Authority or any restrictions concerning the same the heauinesse and extreamitye of the penaltye appoynted against the refusors and so much aggrivated by this Gent. had not beene charged as a compulsarie cause or any privation or impediment to the freedome of the Catholikes consciences whereby it is made evident that not the manner but the matter of the said oath it is that stingeth and offendeth them
so much for otherwise they will not deny but his Majestie may lawfully either by oath which putteth vpon their Soules an awe and obligation spirituall or by propounding correspondent punishment temporall which often worketh a suppression of outward attempts secure himselfe so farre as he may of good affection or at the least of no aversion in his Subiects As touching the other word faithfully howsoever he comments vpon the same either by way of interpretation of the sense and meaning which his Catholikes reteyned to themselves when they tooke the said oath or by way of direction vnto such as shall hereafter be pressed thereunto what cautelous reservation they may make by a mentall conceit for surely by giuing his judgement what the former haue done he intendeth to instruct the rest what to do yet for my part I will still hold my selfe in my rule of charity which before I haue obserued That for as much as they haue sworne that the words by them spoken were sincerely acknowledged according to the plaine and common sense and vnderstanding of the same without any equivocation or mentall evasion or secret reservation whatsoever I doe not beleeue that any of them haue vsed any such damnable deceit or haue so apparently and grossely foresworne themselues Can this Gent. be so hard-hearted towards his beloued as when he seeth and rehearseth the very words of their religious asseverations and protestations and that with this concluding clause by the faith of a Christian yet to iudge that they tooke the said oath in the same lawfull sense and interpretation which might stand with the true Catholike doctrine making them thereby equivocators and mentall Iugglers yea expresse periured if they haue secretly reteyned any others meanings then as the common and plaine sense of the words affordeth But how doth he convey and conster that part of the oath as concerning the Popes Authority in dealing with temporall Princes What moderate meaning hath he found for the safegard of the Catholike consciences that haue taken that oath Truly this devise and exposition is so sleight and simple as that I am verily perswaded he propoundeth and publisheth the same meerely for the instruction and practise of the simple and vulgar Catholikes The learned amongst them would be ashamed of so meane and vnschollerlike a shift to wit that in swearing that the Pope hath no authority to proceed against Princes they should subunderstand without good cause for this inperpretation saith he is agreeable to the integritie and sinceritie of the Catholike doctrine quia illud possumus quod iure possumus And I pray the Gentlemans worship to tell me whether non possumus etiam quod iure non possumus is not power for the most part extendeable beyond right and iustice But in this case the question it selfe being De jure Whether the Pope rightfully and lawfully as incident into his Pastorall place may exercise power and authority over Princes temporally how frivolously and ridiculously is this evasion devised that hee may not doe it without good cause which is as much to say hee may not doe it lawfully except hee doe it lawfully Why the question is not what hee may doe vnlawfully for then wee might give to some one Pope an exemption and dispensation for more sinnes then there were vertues among them all But when it is asked what this supreame Pastor may doe or what he may not doe in the right of his ministeriall office this same jure hath reference to the authority generall and not to the exercise thereof in any vnlawfull particularitie Yet I may not so haue done with this his so foolish conceit lest if I let him passe therewith hee may gather vpon me another absurdity that with good cause the Pope may take vpon him the power which we absolutely deny him who knoweth not that the cause and offence may be such as may moue and provoke the dislike of all men yet the correction reformation and restraint belongeth not to all men but only to a competent and authorized Iudge which the Pope over Princes can never be especially in temporall affaires neither directly that is truly and by commission nor vndirectly that is coulerably by any devised or fained pretence wherfore if he can invent no better an hiding corner for dissembling swearers I hope there is no Catholike will make vse of his so fond a reservation and favorable interpretation which indeed is all one as if he asked leave to speak senselesly to meane deceitfully and to practize treacherously presently after this out of his charity he had conceaved this escape by construction for the consciences of Catholikes forgetting as it seemeth that the said oath had by speciall words provided against such reserved meanings he remembreth himselfe better acknowledging that as this case standeth they may not well induce themselues to equivocate or sweare in any other sense then frō his Maiestie is proposed and concludeth it to be lesse hurt plainly to deny to sweare then by such swearing to giue no satisfaction neither to God the King himselfe nor his neighbors thereupon falleth into a deepe grave invective against this great pressure laid vpon mens consciences shewing that howsoever we recken it a godly devise intent and that God did accordingly blesse the same yet that no violēce or oppression whatsoever is like to this and that the devising of this new oath was no blessing but an vnspeakable afflictiō and augaraciō of mind his angry passion forging vnto vs that new word and in this fuming fashion he preceedeth not forbearing to tell vs that by such extreame vexing of men we shall gaine nothing and giueth vs further to vnderstand that such forcing of men against their consciences may make vs more doubtfull of their good will after they haue sworne then we were be-before and that iniury receiued must needes stirre them to more auersion of heart working contrary effects to that which is pretended Nay he dareth also to adde hereunto some threates and terrors Setting foorth that amongst all other passions none is more strong then that of reuenge for oppressions receiued and therefore would haue vs conceiue and apply it that such as do not sticke to sweare against their consciences for feare or other passions will as easily breake that oath vppon like motiues if occasion serue In this boyling manner doth the fervency of his spirit inkindle the inclinable hearts of the male-contended Catholikes by the memory of their wrongs and with vehemency of words making incitations to sedition and insurrection his Theologicall resolving that wee commit a grieuous sinne when wee force and presse men to sweare against their consciences making the same the highest degree of scandall actiue tendeth to no other end then to scandalize the Iustice of our state and to animate their mutining and factious complices to some desperate vndertakings And because hee sayth that such their Catholike Doctrine will not be denyed of the learned Protestants themselues He forceth
by what words thereof can he challenge the obedience of all the subiects or Christians in that Common-wealth 3 Whether if St. Peter be affirmed to be the said Monarche what can be alledged for his Superiority that is not equally communicable to the rest of the Apostles ioyntly or severally by the like authorizement 4 Whether St. Peter was more especially appointed the chiefe Apostle for both Iewes and Gentiles If for the Iewes how came it that St. Paul reproved him for misleading the Iewes If for the Gentiles why was St. Paul by a publike consent and Counsell nominated to be the Apostle of the Gentiles who at Rome planted the Church and from whom the succession is most proper 5 Whether St. Peter ever came at Rome sith there is evident demonstration by computing the times and places of his abode during his life after Christs ascension that he could not be there at all by any coniecture as by the Epistles of St. Paul is evicted 6 Allowing that St. Peter was at Rome was he not there as an Apostle and so no more appropriate to that place then to the whole world 7 Being an Apostle how came he to be chiefe yea the vniuersall Pastor over both Iewes and Gentiles except such his Pastorship were rather Apostolicall then Episcopall If his 〈◊〉 were Apostolicall then all the Apostles had interest thereunto as well as he If Episcopall did he renounce or relinquish his Apostleship to erect a new state or seate of an 〈◊〉 Bishop neuer mentioned in the Scripture and of a larger extent and dominion then the Apostleship and by what warrant and authoritye did he so 8 If he did found any such Episcopall eminencie vniversall over all the Churches of the world and that invested in his owne person why may it not be thought that such his Episcopall function was setled vpon him rather at Antioch where his chiefest abode was after his departure from Ierusalem then at Rome 9 Whether in case he preferred Rome before Antioch Ierusalem and other places whereof there is no apparant proofe or certainty is that successive seare established at Rome of the like and the same power vertue and veritie as was conferred on his owne person 10 Whether such supposed succession were afixed to the place or aplied to the persons 11 Whether if the succession were applied to the place was it not cut off and discontinued when there was no vniuersall Bishop refiant at Rome which for some hundreths of yeares after Christ and since the vsurpation Papall for a long time together hath come to passe 12 If the succession were in the persons did not the abominable wickednes of life or the open profession of Atheisme Arianisme Coniuration and contracting with the Deuill damnable doctrines of all sorts and hereticall positions 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by such persons yeain their Cathedra dissolve the said succession and what 〈◊〉 they make for Pope Ioane whose stay standeth vnrefuted 13 Moveover he 〈◊〉 me what became of this 〈◊〉 and where that Common-wealth of Christians as they will needs calbit that they may make themselues common wealths men could finde there one 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 Governor when there were two three or 〈◊〉 such 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 at once 14 Yet we haue not done questioning with him This great 〈◊〉 of doubts must resolve vs how it commeth to 〈◊〉 that the 〈◊〉 persian 〈◊〉 Russian 〈◊〉 and other 〈◊〉 Churches haue not beene made 〈◊〉 with this 〈◊〉 mentall part of doctrine that Christ hath ordayned the Bishop of Rome the supreame and vniuersall Pastor of the whole Common-wealth of Christians which he hath 〈◊〉 and founded 15 He is also to 〈◊〉 himself of an answere to another question Whether the succesors of S. Peter were it once agreed vppon who they were Clement Linus Cletus or 〈◊〉 did over hold or exercise any ditivation of authority from St. Peter over 〈◊〉 and other Apostles that survived St. Peter in the Church or did they or any of them striue for Superioritye with them yea rather did they not yeeld vnto them 16 Besides this 〈◊〉 diving determinor in Divinity doubts must take into his consideration what warrantize of any lawful vocation election and ordinatiō the succeeding Bishops of Rome can avow or maintain sith no man may take on him any 〈◊〉 ministery or 〈◊〉 but in that regular and 〈◊〉 manner And whether such their calling to their Ministeriall offices and Pastorall charge were ordinary or extraordinary the difference in the admissions and choyce of such Bishops which sometimes was by substitution of the proceeding Bishop sometimes by election of the people and in later times by the suffrages of Cardinals and sometimes by meere intrusion giveth cause to move this question 17 What reasons can be pretended or alledged why if both Christ and St. Peter intended the succession of Bishops onely in that Sea of Rome 〈◊〉 there hath new Titles beene taken vp of Patriarke 〈◊〉 and then of Supreame head of the Church and then of Papa or Pope which seemeth to inferre an alteration or else an augmentation of the power or charge first conferred by Christ or St. Peter vppon that Sea and so consequently a question whether the latter diuised Titles be likewise authorized from Christ 18 Doth it not behoue that this so pregnant a Patron of Papacy doe cleare all causes touching the interruption and discontinuance of the supposed succession of Popes whereof some hauing before beene propounded it shall not be amisse to cast him one bone more to whet his teeth or witt vppon I would know whether after cannons and constitutions made by his Holinesse and ratyfied by Councells touching the lawfull election and admittance of the Bishop of Rome if a Pope enter vnduly and contrary to such orders and Cannons by simony bribery faction yea with strong hand or any other corrupt courses may notwithstanding be held and reputed a lawfull Pope and the acts by him done the carnalls by him made and the decrees or trans-actions of his time shall bee adiudged as to stand in the right of Christs Vicar on earth Are not in such cases the linckes of the chaine tying together the succession broken or let loose sith in the particulers in whom the same should be continued such elections and ordinations are adiudged intrusions and vsurpations yea vtterly voyde and very nullities 19 Yet I must make him a little more worke with other questions what is the cause that for so long a space of 600. yeares after Christs Assention this position of the Romish Supremacy and vniuersall head-ship if it were so evident and demonstratiue from Christs owne appointment as this bold bragger would haue vs to beleeue was neither by the Fathers of the Primitiue Church nor by any generall Councels approoued or ratified 20 I am disposed to offer him another objection like a blocke to stumble at which neuer any Papist yet well passed ouer but he brake his shin against it and that is the opinion and censure of Gregory the