of their ingenuity in Defence of the Popes Authority and that I saw not well what Advantage they could draw from the Infallibility of the Church which they maintained with so much ardor that doubled my attention to sound the depth of the matter and I found that by the help of this Infallibility they would conceal every thing so as to save the Popes Authority and all the Temporal Advantages which flow from it and I made no further doubt of it when I saw they applied it particularly to the Clergy excluding all the people and many men to the Pope alone excluding all other Bishops Since these Discoveries I have always held it as a Maxim wherein I have never been deceived which is That when any practice or Custom in the Church brings profit or honour to the Ecclesiasticks I presently suspect and examine it At length having a long time reflected upon all the abuses of this Papal Authority and having observed the Deplorable condition to which it hath reduced the Christian Religion as well without as within the Church and seeing it was that which having driven the Greeks and Protestants out of the Church is still the cause why they return not again unto its Communion and that it even draws strange Persecutions upon the Church from these scattered sheep by reason of the attempts of the Court of Rome and its favourers I at last resolved to publish this little Treatise to disabuse mankind in respect of the unjust and criminal Devotion which they have for the Papacy and also to purge the Church of it as well as of all other vices and misfortunes it hath there caused being perswaded that an Infallible fruit of this Reformation would be the Conversion of the Greeks Protestants Pagans Jews and Mahometans not to mention the Honour it would do to all the Catholick Princes whose Majesty and Greatness are vilified by this shameful subjection to and dependance on the Popes which make them to be despised by other Princes who have freed themselves from their Tyranny A Senator of Sweden told me one day a very good saying of Tacitus to this purpose Viri muliebria patiuntur Men act the parts of women which is as much as to say they are the Catamites of the Popes However since it is in their power to treat those as Hereticks and Enemies of the Church who oppose their Ambition and Interest I prepare my self against it and that doth not at all discourage me It is more Honourable to be hated by such people than loved Illi maledicent at tu Domine Benedices I know the Reader will in this Work of mine presently look after the Caracters of either Jansenist Calvinist or Lutheran or lastly of a man who could not be promoted to Benefices and many times he will think he hath found me As for Benefices I might perhaps have had one if I had had a mind to it but by the Grace of God I will have none nor have I need of any nor was I ever designed for it The Jansenists are as yet too much Papists to speak ill of the Papacy As for the Calvinists and Lutherans I wish they could be brought to own the opinions which I do and which I have no mind to betray in this my Book It is true they have both written often against this power but not with design that the Catholick Religion should be the better for it to which this Work wholly tends Whatever men will judg I think I ought not to renounce any truth because the Hereticks know it nor to put my eyes out rather than see the Injustice of the Papacy because the Hereticks see it If I had not here drawn the Picture of the Jesuits Religion it may be those they call the Jansenists would have suspected them to have been the authors of it as the present times go and for the Calvinists I am sure that in many places they will say that I do but gild over the Pill that they may the more easily swallow down the poyson as some people have said of the Book of Mr. de Condom they may judg of it what they please I have followed the sentiments which the reading of the Holy Scripture hath inspired me with and in which I am confirmed the more by reading the Fathers and the Ecclesiastical History and by making reflection upon all that I have seen in foreign Countries and upon what I see every day here If the Romanists hear this Work spoken of they will say without doubt as heretofore at the Council of Trent when Mr. de Faber made Remonstrances on the Kings behalf concerning the disorders of the Church Gallus Cantat they cried I have no better answer than what he made them Vtinam ad Galli cantum Petrus resipisceret let them come and renounce the Dominion and Tyranny they exercise over the Church and over the World and let our Bishops for time to come behave themselves like worthy Successors of this Apostle This Work shall be divided into Three Parts which will contain so many Chapters In the first I shall prove that the Papacy hath no foundation in the Word of God and shall shew the vanity folly of those arguments which they pretend to draw from the Gospel In the second I shall make it appear that the Primitive Church never knew it and that in the darkest Ages there were ever some who opposed it and I shall confute many human reasons which for want of the Scripture and of the Fathers are made use of for its defence And in the third and last I shall examine all the pretended advantages which this Authority procures to the Church or to States and I shall shew that 't is so far from bringing any real good to the Church or to Catholick States that it is the cause of the Desolations of the Church and of the greatest part of the Disorders among all Christians of Ignorance Heresies Schisms and Irreligion that reign No man ought to be surprised that I conceal who I am in so perverse an age as we live in where Truth and Honesty as well as those who profess it are exposed to cruel Persecutions and wherein I shall have as many mortal enemies as there are worldly Catholicks and Papists and people in possession of Benefices without mentioning the Monks I have no reason to flatter my self with any great success this Book may have by reason of the extream disorder and irreligion of the Age and I do it more to discharge my self of the load lying upon me and for the consolation of my own mind than for any other thing as heretofore Petrarch said upon a like occasion Haec scribo non tam ùt saeculo meo prosim cujus tam desperata miseria est quam ut me conceptis onerem Animum scriptis soler I write these things not so much to profit the age I live in whose misery is so desperate as to unburthen my self of my own thoughts
John the 23 d. of Benedict the 13 th and Gregory the 12 th and even to give encouragement to all other Princes to do as he had done and he had much less cause to do it than we have at this time You see his reasons in the Letters of the University of Paris in Theodore a Nyem which were that they would not consent that the disorders of the Church should be regulated by a free Council and that they would not submit themselves to the Decisions of the Church Are not we now again just in the same condition since the Councils of Constance and of Basil For those which have been Assembled since deserve not the name of Councils because there was no liberty in them and every thing was there done by the Inspiration not of God but the Popes France did but half free it self from this yoke for quickly after we suffered our selves to be drawn in and have been like to have been undone many a time since by it Nor do I make any great account of the Conduct of the Venetians which is so highly commended who after having known the nature of the Papacy and the Genius of this power have but half freed themselves from this slavery nay less than half They have behaved themselves in this according to their ordinary custom following moderate Councils where excess was not to be feared and where it could not be committed Consilia media quod inter ancipitia deterrimum est nec ausi sunt satis nec providerunt For they have still this Viper in their bosom which they stupifie as much as they can but he may some time or other revive and devour them They have every day a thousand difficulties with these cunning Romans who will be always spying out occasions to destroy them and to reduce them absolutely under their yoke They should renounce perfectly and for â—ver all dependance upon this See and thus shall they be better able to regulate their Clergy which is as licentious as that of Rome which they dare not reform because it would be to be feared that to maintain themselves in this Roman Libertinism they should give assistance to the Pope to oppress the Republick that they might always enjoy the full liberty of the children of the See of Rome Vulgo dissoluta gratior est quam Temperata vita vivere ut quisque velit permisit quoniam sic magna erit tali Reipublicoe faventium Magnitudo Et hoc Humanitas vocabatur ac ne pars servitutis esset c. Will any man still say Ought we not to be of the Roman Church People are not contented with being in the Catholick and Apostolick Church if they are not in the Roman they seem desirous of having a share in the Abominations of this City and of this Court but the Romans are not at all desirous to be of the Gallican Church I would fain know for what reason we should be rather of the Roman Church than the Romans of the Gallican Church Rome is not as heretofore it was the Seat of the Empire and tho it were we hold no longer of the Empire and it is a contradiction for a man to be in the Catholick Church in the Gallican and in the Roman Churches both together for the first is the General and the other two are particulars You may always have Communion with all the Romans who live in the fear of God with the Pope of Rome himself if he be a Christian but not to depend upon him nor upon Rome You shall be as the Christians of the Primitive Church were for more than six hundred years You shall pay no more Annates you shall buy no more Bulls nor Dispensations You shall be much more Catholick than before for then you may hold Communion with the Greeks and Protestants by drawing them home to the Faith of the Church whereas the See of Rome is at this time a wall of Separation between them and us CHAP. III. That the pretended Authority of the Papacy hath never done any good to the Church A Confutation of whatever is said to the advantage of this Power to prove it necessary to the world by shewing at the same time that it hath been the cause of all the Evils of the Church THEY maintain that the Papacy hath heretofore done and still doth a great deal of good to the Church and to the world this I can confute all at once by a thing which the world knows which is that we have in no place so many true Christians as in those Catholick Countries where this power is least known as in France Flanders and Germany But let us see particularly what good the Papacy doth It is a common saying that there is nothing so bad but that you may make some use of it either in its nature or in conjunction with other things Let us then examine the usefulness of the Papacy omitting nothing that can be said to its advantage It is says Cardinal Perron The Center and the root of Chriâ—tian Vnity These are fine words I confess but we shall find but very little sense in them if we a little consider them for I ask him In what this Unity doth consist and how the Pope is the center and the root of it If this Unity be in the pure service of God methinks that God should be the center of it and not the Pope and that it is also God who is the root of it that is the influencing principle over the will and strength of men to serve him and to do well If this Unity be for doing what is evil it is then but a conspiracy and I do confess that in regard of wicked Clergy-men who are the members of the Pope he is the source of all their Impiety Ambition and Dissoluteness and he is the center of the Unity of these people who belong all to him and as for themselves he is the center of their worship and would be so to all other men Palavicini says that the union and submission of all Catholicks to the Pope makes a band a life perfectly Politick Vna conjunctione di vita perfâ—tta mente Politica He says not a Christian but a Politick life and according to him it is the same thing And in another place he says the Church is the most happy Body Politick in the world Corpo Politico il piu felice che sia in terra This Unity as I said before consists only in their obedience to the Pope whom they all honour for thâ—ir profit looking upon him as the source of Riches of Honours and of all the pleasures whiâ—h they have according to the flesh Secondo la carne This Unity is in the conformity of judgment which they all make of the riches of the Churches Patrimony which is that they are good It is certain that it is not in their opinions for what Clergy-man is there who cares for the Popes
Barbary are concerned for the preservation of the Town and Pirates of Algier because they taste of their Riches and have all a share in their Robberies The further insist for the Popes Advantage that they have built a great many fine Churches at Rome whose admirable Structure doth greatly edify Believers and is of it self capable to convert the Infidel Princes as Palavicini says Tali opere basterebbeno per render ammirabile la nostra Religione alli sguardi di tutti i Monarchi Mahometani e Gentili Such Works as these are enough to make our Religion be admired by all Mahometan and Gentile Monarchs He makes Religion to consist in these Buildings It is the same thing that they say who pretend that the fine Musick of the Churches the fine Ceremonies and the costly Ornaments are capable of converting People I am bold to say that if any Man be converted by these he is a Fool and I know that upon People of Understanding who apply themselves to solid things and grow in Spirit and Truth this hath a contrary Effect for these things do debauch the Mind and set it on wandering The enquiry is about seeking God and finding him in those places and it is not the sight of the fine Gilding or the excellent painting of an Edifice nor the hearing of a sweet Harmony but rather the lifting up of our Minds above sensible Objects and separating them as much as possibly we can from Sense and Imagination it is the fixing the Eyes of our Understanding with a Religious Attention upon that invisible Spirit upon that Sun of Justice and when we do it with that Love and Reverence that is due to it we shall never fâ—ll of seeing and hearing the most delightful things we there sâ—e lumen in lumine we there also hear that sweet Voice that says My Son thy Sins are forgiven thee But for the fine Churches of Rome the Popes in building them have built their own House and these Material Temples have ruined the Spiritual Temples of the Church Palavicini does acknowledg it The Fathers were of Opinion that Antichrist should one day seize upon the most magnificent Temples of the Christians this was the Opinion of St. Hilary and of St. Hierom this last mentions the very Rock of Tarpeius Therefore the Popes ought not to glory overmuch in their Buildings since Antichrist shall one day place himself in them I know not whether other Men are of the same Mind as I am I like well enough to see such fine things as these but I confess that I have more Devotion in a little Church without Magnificence or rich Ornaments then I have in such places I find that my Devotion does insensibly divide and that Sense does sometimes carry away a part of my Mind and transport it to sensible Objects which do not deserve it and that my Affection is thereby weakened whatever care I take to gâ—ther it up and unite it This hath a much more dangerous Effect upon the common People who have no Knowledg and whose Religion lies only in their Eyes and Ears they do in horrible manner fasten on these things which are only obvious to their Sense and go no higher There was much more Piety heretofore when the Churches were not so mâ—gniâ—icent which in my Opinion does more harm than good Dicite Pontifices in sacris quid facit aurum There was infinitely more Zeal in the time of Pope Zephirin who ordained that the Blood should be consecrated in a Chalice of Glass and St. Hierom does inform us that in his time Exuperus Bishop of Thoulouse did consecrate the Holy Sacrament in Calice vitreo vimineo canistro in a Chalice of Glass and a wicker Basket. Then it was as Gregory the Great says that the Bishops were of Gold but now their Chalices are of Gold they themselves are become Wood cum aurei essâ—nt Sacerdotes Calices habuerunt ligneos nunc cum lignei sint Sacerdotes Calices volunt habere aureos That is to say within for withoâ—t they want no Gold It is only the Gold of the true Faith which they somâ—timeâ— wâ—nt but they look upon that as a small matter Having then proved as I hâ—ve done that the Popes are good for nothing that they are the cause of the Churches Desolation and of the Damnation of so many Millions of Souls which daily perish as well by Heresy as by Ignorâ—nce and Vice theâ—â—â—â—mainâ— nothing more for me to prove but that it is the indispensible Duty of Christian Princes who are the Protectors of the Faith and to whom God hath committed the Defence of his Church to deliver this same Church from the Papacy that destroys it This is what they owe to God to the Church to their Subjects to themselves and also to Húman Society In regard of GOD we know that Princes were commanded under the Law to take care that nothing should be received against the pure Service of God and we also see that good Kings as Josias and Jehosaphat were so careful in this Point as to depose the High-priests themselves who were instituted by God which the Popes are not And now under the Gospel they are the Guardians of the two Tables of the Law as the Council of Paris says so that whether the Discipline of the Church be augmented or delayed God will call Kings to an account for it to whose care he hath entrusted it and according to this the Emperours did depose the Bâ—shops of Rome as well as others when they neglected their Duty Leo the first Bishop of Rome does not deny it when he wrote to the Emperour in those times Debes incunctanter advertere regiam Potestatem tibi non solum ad Mundi Regimen sed maximè ad Ecclesiae praesidium esse colâ—atam You ought always to râ—member that the Regal Power is gâ—ven to you not only for the Government of the World but chiefly for the Safeguard of the Church As for the Church if they are the Protectors of it as they ought to be and without doubt are if the Church be trod under foot if Ambition Luxury and Ignorance seize upon the Ecclesiastical Ministry if the Bishops neglect their Duty are incapable of teaching and look after nothing but spoiling and turning all to their own particular Profit if they will make the Church a Den of Thieves if they sell Holy Things and keep the Price to themselves shall not Princes punish such Villanies Shall they bear the Sword without being able even for the Good of the Church to make use of it against the Popes who do all these things It is in this says St. Austin that Princes are well pleasing to God in doing those things which none but Kings can do In hoc ergo serviunt Domino Reges cum ea faciunt ad serviendum illi quae non possunt facere nisi Reges According to this they did heretofore depose the Popes they made
when he pleases who may restore that happy Equality among the Bishops under which the Church was heretofore so flourishing and Christianity made so great Progress which would also re-establish Peace among all Christians much better than the Equality of Turkish Politicks of which they say Ittichat Khoga Kopatmas Equality produceth no Wars They mean the Equality of Poverty that is to say that great men are not to be suffered in a Nation and that being all miserable they would make no commotions Whereas the Equality which I speak of would produce not only a firm and lasting Peace but also the abundance of all Spiritual and Temporal Goods There are also some People who pretended that if we acknowledg a necessity of having Arch-bishops and Primates who take their Places above Bishops instituted by Jesus Christ tho the Dignity of Arch-bishops or Primates is not so in like manner for Orders sake we may have a Pope That might pass if the Popes did not pretend to be of another Order if they exercised no Authority over their fellow-brethren if they were not Temporal and Mighty Princes if the Clergy did not absolutely depend upon them if they had nothing but a Pre-eminence of Place over the other Bishops in Assemblies and in Councils if there were One of them in every Christian State who should solicite the Prince for the assembling of Provincial Synods every year to whom he should be subject as the other Bishops and should entertain Communion with the other Patriarchs or Catholick Popes and with whom he should keep Correspondence that they might altogether by the Consent of their Respective Princes cause General Councils to be assembled when they should be necessary which should be held sometimes in one State and sometimes in another and wherein should preside men of the greatest Understanding and the greatest Merit without exception of Persons or else every Patriarch in his turn Thus was the Church anciently governed without Tyranny by this means did Religion spread it self abroad with great success in all Countries and not by a pretended Bishop who is a Worldly Prince and hath ruined the Church We see that heretofore among the Pagans Kings have been Sacrificers and Ministers of Religion Amongst the Jews also at the beginning we find that the Heads of Families who were Soveraigns did take upon them the offering of Sacrifices and performed Divine Service but before these latter times which is the Sink of all Ages it was never seen that Priests plaid the Princes and that People who ought to employ themselves only in Prayers and Sacrifices and whom Jesus Christ and all the most pure Canons of the Church do forbid to meddle in Secular Affairs should compare themselves with and raise themselves above Kings Is it not a comely sight to behold a Temporal Prince wearing Three Crowns one above the other sitting in a throne covered with Gold and precious Stones having the Arms both of Sea and Land many Attendants following him who are equal to other Princes Such a Prince as this I say to be the Vicar of Jesus Christ He is then a Carnal Messias and such a one as the Jews do at this day look for He is then a King of Concupiscence and of Iniquity If it be so the Jews had reason to accuse him for endeavouring to supplant Caesar the Romans would have been in the right to put him to Death and so he would not have been the Redeemer of Mankind This Pretension of the Popes as we see is a horrible Blasphemy and which yields the Cause over to the Jews against us and tends to justifie every thing they did against our Lord Jesus and utterly to overturn Christianity The pretence also which they have that Ecclesiasticks ought not to be subject to their Natural Prince and are freed from Obedience to him by Jesus Christ This is to renew against our great Saviour the impious Accusation which the Jews brought against him That he would have made himself a King and perswaded others to Rebellion There are others who pretend that the evil is not so great that there is a Pope as that General Councils are no more assembled and so they say that we should rather speak of assembling a Council than talk of exterminating the Papacy because they think that a Council would limit the Pope and hold the Reins shorter over him But this Papacy subsisting how shall a General Council be called but that they 'le have a hand in 't And if they have what will this Council tend to The End of it will be like that of Trent sad and miserable And put the case there might be found a Prince zealous strong and prudent enough to cause a General Council to be assembled by an agreement of other Christian Princes in spight of the Pope what would this Council do against the Pope who would have all the Bishops for him both by the Oath which they have taken to him and by Twenty Millions of Revenue which he hath and which he would employ to corrupt all the World What would you do with the Monks who would be all for him it being their Interest to maintain the Authority and Infallibility of the Pope because the Priviledges which he hath given to many of them which are as ancient as their first Institution are not confirmed by any Lawful Council and so are null And how long should the good condition of this Prince's Affairs last or his good Correspondence with other Princes to make the Laws of this Council be obeyed and that the Pope who will be all or nothing shall not hinder the Execution of his Decrees and continue his Tyranny And how will you in the mean time keep the Papacy with its hands tied and what will this signifie It is certainly better to cast off the Yoke all at once than to let it continue without being sure that it shall do no more mischief Tutius est perire non posse quam juxta periculum non periisse says a certain Author We have the sad Example of the Councils of Trent and Constance from that of Trent we could not hope for any great matters but even that of Constance which seemed well inclined to a Reformation as well as that of Basil found such horrible resistance in the Court of Rome and among the Ecclesiasticks that it never could re-establish the ancient Discipline And that shews us that we must wholly eradicate this Papacy and that it is not enough to assemble a free Oecumenical Council but that it must be some powerful zealous and resolute Prince who fears nothing but God and not the Court of Rome who must begin continue and vigorously end the thing without hearkening to pretended moderate Councils which tend only to the Churches ruin The Proverb here signifies nothing That it is better to preserve the Commonwealth as it is than to have none at all For I maintain that here is no Common-wealth but a perfect Anarchy and that
their Government and destroy the Maxims by which they have managed themselves so long They answer That then their lives would be in danger and that the Court of Rome would destroy them as they did Adrian the Sixth who thought to have reformed the Church of whom Cardinal Palavicini gives this Account That he was Ottimo Ecclesiastico Pontefice Mediocre a Good Priest but an Indifferent Pope But if the Popes cannot find a Remedy for the Disorders which are so prevalent because as they say their Authority is not sufficient what are they then good for and why shall we any longer suffer this Tyranny in the Church If they can find a Remedy and will not they are then not only unprofitable but detestable Creatures It is certainly one or other or both together for we see that every thing is overturned in the Church And what If they are the Vicars of Jesus Christ and Successors of St. Peter ought they not to think themselves happy to die for the Glory of God and Good of the Church Is it better to be the Object of Mens Worship to provoke the Jealousie of God and to do so much mischief in the Church Where is the Zeal of Moses or of St. Paul who would have died for their Brethren and have been even accursed and of the first Bishops of Rome who suffered Martyrdom so Couragiously They love rather to give them Money and Benefices because that thus they put out all to great Usury they sow that they may reap they give what is none of their own or else what signifies nothing to them If it be true that they are careful of the Salvation of these People why are they not so of their own Why do they not labour for the Salvation of Catholicks That would cost them no Money There needs nothing but to allow the Reading of the Holy Scripture every where and recommend it as God hath recommended it to us to suffer Divine Service to be read in a Language which every body understands For it cannot be denied but that the want of these things doth produce among us great Ignorance with which Piety is never to be found But to give Money to convert People it is the mark of a very prophane Spirit and a very dishonest method and an Example for Mahometans and Hereticks to make use of even towards Christians And to give Benefices it is yet worse for by this the Clergy is filled up more and more with Hypocrites and People of no Religion who spend the Goods of the Poor upon Debauchery and Luxury and most commonly are of no use at all to the Church They say That they make Religion to be respected But how Is it by their own Piety or Sanctity or that of their Court or by their Humility No truly these Vertues are wholly there unknown and the contrary Vices have ruled the Rost long since but their fine Court and the Greatness and Magnificence of the Cardinals are the things we hear of But are these the things that ought to make men love Religion Is it Gold and Silver costly Furniture Riches Carnal Pleasures which the Prelates glut themselves withal Is it their Cavalcades to Montecavallo their Horse and Foot-Guards their Armies and their Fleets which make Religion to be respected If it be so both Jesus Christ and his Apostles deserved to be despised in comparison of their Vicars and the Christian Religion also was very contemptible in their days Is it to Excommunicate all the World when they please without Authority without Cause and against the Nature of the Gospel which is Charity it self But wise men are so far from respecting them for this that they look upon them as Fools Is it to hold a Chappel or Consistory where they treat only of prophane things and of promoting of Cardinals What doth this signifie or what Relation hath it to the Glory of God or the Salvation of Men And what is there in all this which the Patriarch of Venice or the Archbishop of Lyons might not do as well as the Pope if he had a mind to it We must not dissemble All the Respect which men have for the Papacy at least they who hope for no advantage by it comes only from the Respect or from the Fear which they see Princes have of it And this respect of Princes if it be voluntary proceedeth from great Ignorance of Religion in which they have been brought up for that purpose or from the ill Council of some Ambitious Clergy-man who compasses his Designs at the Prince's Expence If this Respect be forced as ordinarily it is it is then out of the fear which men have of the Popes Power whereby he rules the vast Numbers of the Ecclesiasticks and especially the Monks who govern the meaner People who as Palavicini says are the disposers of the Religion of Countries It is said That they have the Power of making the Laws of God to be observed If so they ought themselves to give an Example they ought to apply to themselves what our Saviour said to St. Peter not to draw his Sword. It is a thing both ridiculous and horrible that these People should have Armies and make War. They do it in Germany after the Bishop of Rome his Example But where is it that they make the Laws of God to be observed Is there any place where they are violated more than where they have most Authority Is Rome at this day better than Sodom Do not they on the contrary favour as much as in them lies the very Crime by the Example of their Court by their Expences by their pretending to exempt all Clergy-men from the Jurisdiction of the Civil Magistrate that so they may commit all sorts of Crimes and go unpunished But they say furthermore That they make Kings stand in Awe and hinder them from professing Heresie On the contrary it is they who made them become Hereticks as in England Sweden and Denmark and who by their Tyranny hinder them from returning into the bosom of the Church It is also pretended That they are very useful for the composing of Differences between Princes being looked upon as common Fathers to them all On the contrary their Artifices and Ambition are so well known that thâ—re is no Prince whom they are more distrustful of They never carried on their own Interest better than during the Wars of Italy Germany France and Spain which either they always began or kept on foot They are also constant Enemies to Great Princes What is alledged might take place if the Popes were not thâ—mselves become Temporal Princes at the Expence of the Emperoâ—â— and other Princes whom they have robbed And it is kâ—own that they have Pretensions over all Christian Kingdoms That there is no Court more refined in Policy than theirs or that makes less Conscience of taking to themselves what belongs to another In truth they think it not taken wrongfully because they pretend that it is
of Rome and that there is an infinite number of abominable ones allowed of which are fit for nothing but to be burnt as well as their Authors By this same Principle they have razed out of the Bookes of the Fathers those Passages which were not for their purpose They yet insist for the justifying of the Inquisition That the diversity of Religion is the Cause of Civil Wars in a Nation But what Mischief doth not the Inquisition do All Princes in whose Countries it is are Slaves to it It is true that among them there are no Civil Wars for Religion but it is as true that they must absolutely depend upon the Court of Rome otherwise if they pretend to examine their Orders the Popes shall use them like Dogs How many times hath the Republick of Venice been like to be destroyed by these People only because they had a mind to keep some Liberty to themselves and not to suffer certain Excesses of their Tyranny And yet do they every day insult and attempt against all the Rights which God and Nature have given them It is furthermore said in favour of the Papacy That the World is greatly obliged to it for all the different Orders of Monks and of Nuns which are a great Ornament and Advantage to the Church It is true that the Popes have instituted almost all of them and that it is no fault of theirs that there are not twenty times as many especially in the States of other Princes for by this means they erect Imperium in Imperio their own Empire in the Dominions of another thereby gaining to themselves so many Subjects in all Catholick Countries who are at all times ready to do any thing for their Service Now since there is nothing in it but this all these Institutions of so many Sects of Monks ought to be suspected by us Besides it is not the Popes who have inspired these People with the thoughts of retreating and of Severity to themselves they knew only how to apply it to their own use and service The Inclination which these Men have to this sort of Humour and Life is well enough known and that in all times and in all Countries and in all Religions there have been great numbers of Men who have embraced this sort of Life pretending to live more austerely and to avoid the trouble of worldly Business affecting to be singular in their Clothes their Diet whipping themselves and other outward Mortifications of their Flesh. There were a great many of them among the Jews especially towards the latter end and when Religion fell most into decay we see by their Authors that besides the Pharisees there were the Essenes Dositheens and other Sects of Religious Jews There were many of them among the ancient Romans there is in Juvenal an admirable description of their Manners and Customs It is of them that he says Fronti nulla Fides and qui Curios simulant Bacchanalia vivunt he represents them with short Hair supercilio brevior coma and with all he says that they lived after a very licentious manner There are also many of them at this day among the Pagans there are great numbers of them to be found among the Mahometans Greeks Nestorians Eutychians Maronites Abyssins and Cophties The Popes then have made cunning use of the Humour of these People whom they have supported as far forth as they could and even canonized them to augment their own Power by the Credit which they gave to these People who became their Creatures and who for their parts served the Pope with all the Power and Credit they had People had them in great Veneration at Rome this Veneration spread it self every-where abroad so that the World did almost adore them every thing that they either said or did was as highly esteemed as what ever the Apostles themselves had said or done and as time served them when they had sufficiently tried the Credulity and Soâ—tishness of Mankind they came to that excess of Impiety and Impudence as to compare their Authors to our Lord Jesus nay to give them the Preheminence Read but the Life of St. Francis and a Book that was printed at Brussels in the Year 1630 with this Title Korte beschrijvinge van het Aerdâ—s-broederschap van de Koorde Saint Franciscus and so did other Orders speak as great things of their respective Founders People thought they could not obtain Salvation without the Monks they attribute particular Graces to their very Habits which the better to impose upon the World were of an extraordinary fashion Nay there was sometimes as much imputed to them as to the Blood of Christ it self whosoever took this Habit they said it was as much worth to him as a second Baptism when any body was sick they desired to die in this Habit. These were People who did more good than God commanded and we see that all these Impieties are yet vented by the Monks of our own time who pretend that they do more Good than is necessary for their own Salvation and that they can impart a share of their Merits and Works of Supererogation to whomsoever they please provided that they contribute somewhâ—t towards the maintenance of the Kitchin â—nd for that they have foâ—nd out the Invention of theâ—r Fraternities The Heads of these Sects as I have already said were very useful to the Popes and the Popes for their parts made them be esteemed by the People and at length by the Ignorance and Sloth of Princes they exempted them from the Obedience due to their Soveraigns to their Bishops and to the Law of God it self and so they acknowledg none but the Pope By little and little making a great noise like the blind Men at Paris many of these Sects got great Estates others loved rather to beg like those sturdy Vagrants who prefer a begging and a lazy Life before any other They who have any wit among them employ themselves in writing fabulous Legends of the Life of some or other of their Order and in composing a great many wicked Books about Religion They are all listed to the Pope who pays them in Pardons and Indulgences and in Reliques of which they make a good Market in Canonizing people of their own Order and in exempting them from the Laws of their Prince and of their Bishops so that there is Impunity for them for all sorts of Crimes they are only forced to go out of the Province where they committed the Disorder into another We may look upon every Convent of Monks as so many Garrisons which the Pope hath in all Catholick Cities to keep them under the Yoke of his Obedience and every different Order so many different Regiments clothed in different Fashions and wearing different Liveries who all live at the good Mans Expence but cost the Pope not a Farthing having found out many Secrets to pull off the Feathers without making the Fowl cry They are certainly of great use to the