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A80756	The royal prerogative vindicated in the converted recusant convinced by Scripture, reasons, fathers, and councils, that the oath of abjuration (compared with those of allegiance, and supremacy) containeth nothing, but what may be lawfully taken by every pious Christian, and loyal subject; and that the known doctrine, and discipline of the Church of England, in opposition to Popery on the one hand, and all sects, and schisms on the other, is the safest way to peace and loyalty here, and salvation hereafter. To which is annexed The King's supremacy in all causes, ecclesiastical, and civil, asserted in a sermon preached at the assises at Monmouth before Sir Robert Hide, one of his Majestie's judges, March 30. 1661. / By John Cragge, M.A.	Cragge, John, M.A.	1661 (1661)	Wing C6790; Wing C6786; Thomason E2261_1; Thomason E2261_2; ESTC R210148	173,676	266

Intercession of Friends Sighs and Tears of Priests be the Authority of the Pope let him in God's name use it still And as in the Calling so in the Subscription of the Council you may further see his Authority Because saith Leo (g) Leo Epist. 56. to the Emperour I must by all means obey your Sacred and Religious Will I have set down my Consent in writing to those Constitutions Here you see it is plain Councils were called by Princes at the Pope's Petition and subscribed at their Command Therefore when Ruffinus (h) Doce quis eum jusserit Imperator convocari●è Hieron in Apologia contra Ruffinum alledged the Canon of a Council against Saint Hierom his Answer was Shew what Emperour commanded this Council to be called I will shut up this Point with Socrates his words who giving a reason why in his Church-Story he made so often mention of Emperours saith (i) Propterea quòd ex illo tempore quo Constantini esse ceperunt negotia Ecclesiae ex eorum nutu pondere visa sunt atque adeò maxima Concilia de eorum sententia convocata faerunt adhuc convocantu● Socrat. lib. 5. in Prooemio Since Emperours became like Constantine Fathers of the Church the Causes of the Church have depended upon their ill and therefore the greatest Councils have been and yet are called by their Authority The third work of Supremacy is Promulgatio Legum Promulgation of Church-Laws and Edicts expedient for Ecclesiastical Government And this was performed by Kings and Emperours not Pope's as Church-Stories are pregnant Proofs Constantine made many Laws concerning Confessours and Martyrs Christians and Heathens Eusebius (k) Euseb De vita Constantini lib. 2. cap. 20 21 24 44. mentioneth two Laws one that abolished Idolatry Images Sacrifices and Divinations another concerning building and enlarging of Churches at the Emperour's Charge Theodosius made a Law against the Arrians occasioned thus Amphilochius Bishop of Iconium having been a long Suitour in vain used this Stratagem saluting the Emperour slighted his Son Arcadius newly Created Caesar which the Father interpreting as a Contempt of his Son grew angry till Amphilochius discovering himself said (l) Theodoret. lib. 5. cap. 5. Art thou offended Emperour that I reverence not thy Son And thinkest thou that God is not offended with the Arrians that blaspheme his Son The Emperour overcome with these words Legem scribit made a Law against the Assemblies of the Arrians I will not enter particulars but refer you to the Titles (m) De summa Trinitate side Catholica De sacro sanctis Ecclesiis De Episcopis Clericis De Haereticis c. of the Civil Law which were promulgated by Justinian Theodosius Valentinian Honorius Arcadius and other Godly and Religious Emperours There is a Collection of Ecclesiastical Laws made by Charls the Emperour Lodovick and Lotharius gathered by (n) Ansegmus Anno 827. Ansegmus Of Charls his Laws there be an hundred sixtie eight of the Laws of Lewis and Lotharius an hundred fiftie seven In the Preface the Emperour Charls professeth (o) Quapropter nostros missos ad vos direximus qui ex nostri nominis authoritate una vobiscum corrigerent quae corrigenda essent that he hath directed his Commissioners here you see Princes Commissioners and Visitours are antient that shall joyn with others to redress those things which need Reformation according to his Canonical Constitutions in his name and by virtue of hi● authoritie Gregory the First (o) Gregor Epist Bishop of Rome wrote a submissive Letter to Mauritius the Emperour and another to Theodorus his Physician to intreat the revocation of a Law invented by Julian and that in a very humble Stile (p) Vtrolique ergo quod debui exolvi qui Imperatori obedientiā praebui● pro Deo quod sensi non tacui Gregor Epist 61. lib. 2. Ego quidem jussioni vestrae subjectus I your Servant and subject to your command have sent this Law to many parts of the World and now I write my opinion to your Majestie in both I have done my duty I have performed mine obedience to the Emperour and I have not concealed what I thought fit for God's cause And Saint Augustine saith (q) Hoc jubent Imperatores quod Christus jubet quia cùm bonum jubent nemo jubet nisi per eos Christus August Epist 166. of this power of Laws When Emperours command that which is good it is Christ and no man else that commandeth by them The fourth work of Supremacie is receiving of Appeals giving Decisions Restitutions and Deprivations and other punishments of Bishops for Causes Ecclesiastical which in Primitive Times fell to the judicature of Princes not Popes for when Donatus (r) Vide Optatum libr. 1. August Epist 162 166. had procured Cecilianus to be condemned by seventy African Bishops and had set up another Bishop in his See of Carthage he appealed to Constantine the Emperour and desired him to assigne him Judges Constantine by Commission extant in Eusebius (s) Eusebius lib. 1. cap. 5. delegated and authorised Meltiades Bishop of Rome to hear the cause who gave Sentence for Cecilianus upon a second Appeal (t) Euseb lib. 10. cap. 5. Constantine made a second Delegacy to Chrestus Bishop of Syracuse who likewise gave Sentence with Cecilianus upon the third Appeal Constantine appointed Elianus a Civil Magistrate to examine Felix who acquitted Felix also Then the Emperour called both Parties before him and gave final Sentence for Cecilianus and made a severe Law against the Donatists In which Passage I pray you observe First that Meltiades not as supreme Judg of all Controversies but as delegated by Constantine did judg of Cecilianus his Cause and Saint Augustine (u) August Epist. 162. defended him from usurpation upon the seventie African Bishops because the Emperour not Saint Peter appointed it Next the Bishop of Syracuse did judg the same Cause after Meltiades without any wrong to the See of Rome no man in that Age found fault with it And Thirdly It is apparent that Constantine was superiour to Meltiades and both made him his Delegate and Judge of his Sentence and Judgement which Saint Augustine (x) Vltimum Judicium ultra quod Causa pertransire non potest Augustin contra Parmenian lib. 1. cap. 6. calleth the last Judgement beyond which the Cause could not pass (y) Socrates lib. 5. cap. 10. Theodosius calling a Council of all Opinions where Nactarius and Agilius made the Confession 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Consubstantiality Demophilus delivered up the Arrian Faith Eunomius the Eunomian Faith Eleusius the Macedonian Faith Then the Emperour alone separated from all Company saith (z) Tum solus separatus precatur Deum Socrates suprá Socrates made his Prayers to God to direct him in the Truth and then he read the several Faiths and condemned and rent all the rest that rent and divided

disclaim the lawfulness of it avouching that (h) In vita Sylvestri Johannes de Parisiis cap. 22. In donatione illa audita est vox Angelorum in aere dicentium Hodie venenum effusum est in Ecclesiam At the time of the confirming and passing of this Donation there was a voice of Angels heard in the Air This day poyson is poured upon the Church Gent. Enough of this tell me in order the other Romish Principles upon which Papal Transcendency leans Minist The second is That His triple-Crowned Sovereignty hath a direct power to depose and instate Princes and that Romish Catholicks are obliged to assist the Pope in the execution of his sentence of decrowning chief Magistrates and translating their Crowns Which is falsely fathered upon Pope Zacharie the First but indeed is no elder then Pope Gregory the Seventh a brand of Hell and it was ripened by many of his Successours and fomented by sundry Parasites and Assassines of Rome and by (i) Carerius De potestate Romani Pontificis lib. 2. cap. 3. Boskier Legat. Aposiol con 14. pag. 35. Baron Annal. Tom. 11. many Moderns as Marta Simancha Baronius Bosius Carerius Paulus Cararia defended of which Gratian gives an instance (k) Zacharias Regem Francorum non tam pro suis imquitatibus quàm pro co quòd tantae potestati erat mutilis à regno deposuit Gratian. caus 15. quaest 6. cap. Atius Pope Zachary deposed the King of France not so much for any Delinquency of his but that he was not competently qualified to manage such a power Gent. The novelty of this with other reasons you have formerly given speaks sufficiently the unlawfulness of it what is the next Minist The third is pendulous with shew of limitation and mitigation to wit The Pope hath an indirect power limited and circumscribed by many cautions provisions in deposing Princes This is maintained by (l) Bellarmin De Pontif. lib. 5. cap. 1. 6. 7. 8. Gretser Defens Bellarm De Pontif. Victoria De potest Eccles quaest 2. Cajetan Apol. cap. 13. Bellarmin and may seem for manner of speaking to be more moderate then the former but in weight and consequence is equally false and pernicious for it hath the same effects yielding authority to Popes to depose Princes when the same appeareth to themselves reasonable and for the benefit of the Roman cause Then saith (m) Si quid tale accidat Spiritualis potestas potest ac delet coërcere Temporalem omni ratione ac viâ quae ad id necessaria vidibitur Bellarm. De Romano Pontifice cap. 6. Bellarmine the Spiritual power may and ought to curb the Temporal by all means and ways which may seem conducible to that end It armeth also Subjects to rebellion and enemies to mischief and it provideth that regal or supreme Magistracy shall depend upon Papal discretion and devotion Thus the cunning Jesuite brings water in the one hand and fire in the other saying (n) Quantum ad personas non potest Papa ut Papa ordinariè temporales Principes deponere etiam justa de causa eo modo quo deponit Episcopos id est tanquam ordinarius Judex tamen potest mutare regna uni auferre atque alteri conferre tanquam summus Princeps Spiritualis si id necessarium sit ad animarum salutem Bellarm. De Rom. Pontif. lib. 5. capp 6 7. As to the persons the Pope as Pope cannot ordinarily depose temporal Princes though the cause be just after that manner as he deposeth Bishops that is as an ordinary Judge yet he can change Kingdoms and take from one and collate upon another as the Chief Spiritual Prince if it shall be requisite for the health of Souls But the most malignant venom is yet behind in the sting for saith he quod Christiani olim non deposuerunt Neronem Dioclesianum Julianum Apostatam Valentem Arrianum similes id fuerat quia deerant vires Temporales Christianis That Christians formerly deposed not Nero and Dioclesian and Julian the Apostate and Valens the Arrian and such the reason was because Christians wanted temporal forces To these three pestilential Principles all the Romish Doctrine that relates to deposing or annoying of Princes may be reduced Gent. Are these Doctrines generally maintained by Catholicks or an aspersion fastened upon them for some few or who are they that foment them Minist That they are not maintained by all I have hinted to you already and shall haply more fully hereafter If the Disease be not hectical but of a few that asperse the rest you may more rationally abjure them which is the scope I aim at but you shall finde that the maintainers and fomenters of them are neither few nor inconsiderable I 'le instance in two or three By a drop you may discern the saltness of the Ocean Baronius saith (o) Non eos homicidas arbitramur qui adversus excommunicatos zelo Catholicae matris ardentes eorum quoslibet trucidasse contigerit Baron Annal. Tom. 11. Anno 1089. We judge not them murderers who enflamed with a zeal of their Catholick Mother against excommunicated persons shall chance to kill any of them Alvares Pelagius saith that (p) Apud illum reside● Regalis sive Imperialis dignitatis plenitudo cui de jure competit imperium transferre Sicut nullus fidelis dubitat quòd Christus fuerit Rex Sacerdos Rex coeli terrae c. sic nullus Catholicus dubitare debet quin summus Vicarius Generalis in terris pariter utramque habet potestatem imò uon longè abesset ab Haeresi contrarium affirmare Alvares Pelagius De planctu Ecclesia lib. 1. Art 37. With the Pope resides the fulness both of Regal and Imperial dignity who hath lawful power to translate Empires And as no Believer doubts that Christ was both King and Priest King of Heaven and Earth so no Catholick ought to doubt that the chief Vicar General upon earth hath both powers Spiritual and Temporal it would not much fall short of Heresie to affirm the contrary Bosius saith (q) Bosius De Ecclesiae signis lib. 7. cap. 4. In quo elucescit authoritas Papae qui potest justis de causis vel sine culpa ab aliis in alios jura maxima qualia sunt imperia summa decreto suo transferre Herein appeareth the authority of the Pope that he can for just causes or when there is no fault transfer by his greatest interests as chief Empires Augustine ab Ancona saith (r) August ab Ancona Sum. de Eccles Quaest 1. Art 1. Immediata potestas jurisdictionis omnium Spiritualium Temporalium est solum in Papa All power of Spiritual and Temporal jurisdiction is onely in the Pope It seems to me a prodigious Tenet to hold The Pope hath power to depose and translate Empires for no fault as well as for condigne causes But what are the principal causes they assign Minist Bosius

are many more besides them that hold this negative to wit The Pope by virtue of his office hath not any power or authority to depose Princes or to dispose of their crowns or lives for any cause crime end or good whatsoever So that I think I may safely conclude That which is contrary to Scripture antient Fathers the Annals and Gests of our own Nation hath been attended with signal judgments (n) Qui Summi Pontificis omne de re qualibet judicium temerè ac sine delectu defendunt eos sedis Apostolicae authoritatem labefactare non sovere non firmare Cand. lib. 5. Quaest 5. and is disclaimed by moderate Papals themselves ought to be abjured But such is the Popish pretended power to depose the chief Magistrate c. Therefore it ought to be abjured But we shall have this more fully discussed in the next Article which is The Eighth Article I do sincerely testifie and declare That the Pope hath not any authority to discharge any of the people of these Nations from their obedience to the chief Magistrate or to give licence or leave to any of the said people to bear Arms raise Tumults or to offer any violence or hurt to the persons of the said chief Magistrates or to the state or government of these Nations or to any of the people thereof Minist BY reason of cruel Positions and practises of Jesuits in the year one thousand five hundred eighty two it was made high Treason (a) Si non vis esse obnoxius Caesari noli habere qu● sunt mundi si habes divitias obnoxius es Caesari Ambros in Lucam lib. 9. cap. 20. to disswade any Subject from (b) Dices Quid mihi Regi quid tibi ergo possessioni per jura Regum possessiones possidentur August in Johan Allegiance to their Prince and from the Religion that was established in England This Article intends the Abjuration of that which was then enacted as treasonable Gen. What difference is there betwixt this Article and the former it is not obvious to me easily to distinguish between them Minist They are principally differenced in this that the former Article excluded the Pope's authority to excite any forein power to annoy depose the chief Magistrate of these Nations or to dispose of his Territories This disclaims the Pope's power to arm Subjects against their Sovereign or being disobliged by him from their obedience to move commotions seditions or rebellions Gent. Doth the Pope arrogate by his pleni-potentiary power to stir up any forein Prince against another and collate their Dominions upon them Minist Yes (c) Papa Johannes nonus conspiratione facta cum Gallorum Regibus à Germanis Imperii Majestatem studebat transferre in Carolum Calvum deinde in Ludovicum Balbum ejus filium sed Imperium per vim retinuerunt Germani Carion Chronic. pag. 179. Pope John the Ninth atempted though in vain to translate the Romane Empire from the Germans to the French and first collated the Diadem upon Carolus Calvus and afterwards upon Ludovicus Balbus his Son Kings of France He encouraged at the last (d) Sicut Zacharias transtulit imperium á Graecis ad Teutonicos ita nos possumus illud transferre ab Alemannis ad Graecos Carion Chronic. pag. 179. Lewis Son to the French King to raise arms against John King of England In the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign Paul the Fourth being Pope Sebastianus Martignius could hardly be perswaded from entring England with a thousand foot and some horse afterwards he stirred up the Duke D'Alva against her and promised if need were to go himself in person against England and engage the goods of the Apostolick See It were too tedious to relate the Stories of the Scottish Queen the Duke of Norfolk Stucklie James Boncompagno Bastard-son to Gregory the Thirteenth Squire Babington Parry Lopez Tyrone the intended Invasion in Eighty eight by Pererius Guzmannus Duke of Medina the Gun-powder-Treason to invade or embroil this Nation as Bishop Carlton (e) Thankful Remembrance of God's Mercies by G. Carleton Bishop of Chichester hath faithfully discovered at large to whose Book I refer you Gent. I perceive by these Histories (f) Ecce in potestate nostra est ut demus illud cut volumus propterea constituti sumus à Deo super Gentes regna ut destruamus evellamus aedificemus plantemus Dictum Adriani Frederico Aventinus in Adriano iv 1154. Popes have been Incendiaries to stir up one Prince against another for advantage of their Romane Jurisdiction have they been as busy to unrivet the obediential tye of people to the chief Magistrate Minist Yes you cannot but have heard of their pragmaticalness also herein that Cornelius Agrippa one of your own saith (g) Cornelius Agrippa De vanitate Scientiarum cap 6. ex Camatensi Legati Romanorum Pontificum sic debacchantur in Provinciis ac si ad flagellandam Ecclesiam Satan egressus sit a facie Domini The Pope's Legates keep such Revels and Rackets in Kingdoms and Countries as if Satan were sent abroad from the face of the Lord to scourge the Church Witness that (h) Ipsam pratenso regni jure nec non omni quocunque dominio dignitate privilegióque privatam praecipimus interdicimus universis singulis Proceribus subditis populis nè illi ejusque monitis mandatis legibus audeant obedire qui secùs egerint eos simili Anathematis sententia innodamus Bulla Pii Quinti Bull of Pius Quintus fastened by that Ardelio Felton upon the Bishop of London's Palace-Gate wherein he makes it known that he had deprived Queen Elizabeth from the right she pretended to have in her Kingdoms and also from all and every her authority dignity and privilege charging and forbidding all and singular Nobles Subjects and people that they adventure not to obey her her Monitions Commands or Laws upon pain of his Grand Anathema or Curse Gent. They pretend great reason for this for (i) In Concilio Lateranen si sub Leone Decimo Sess 10. Stephanus Bishop of Patrica in our Laterane Council said In Papa est omnis potestas supra omnes potestates tam eoeli quam terrae All power is in the Pope above all powers as well of heaven as of earth and in the Ceremoniary it is written (k) Ceremoniat lib. 1. cap. 2. Moderatio Imperii Romani pertinet ad Papam Dei vices gerentem in terris tanquam ad eum per quem Reges regnant The Government of the Romane Empire belongeth unto the Pope being God's Vicar on earth as unto him by whom Kings rule Johannes Andreas compares the Pope to the Sun and the Emperour to the Moon and by Mathematical Proportion makes him seventy seven times greater then the greatest Prince Abbot Panormitan saith (l) Plenitudo potestatis sisperat omnem legem positivam Panormitan Extravag De constitut cap. 1. His. fulness of power passeth all positive

Soul which as Saint Augustine (a) Creando infunditu● infundendo creatur Lombard 2. Sent. Distinct 17. saith is created by Infusion and infused by Creation but are not the causes of Creation or Infusion of it for that is God's peculiar Prerogative qui format animas in medio eorum Even so that of constituting Rulers and Governours as Tertullian saith (b) Indè ille potestas unde spiritus Tertul. in Apologe● cap. 30. Thence is their power from whence is their Spirit or Soul and Irenaeus (c) Cujus jussu nascuntur homines ejus jussu constituuntur Principes Irenaeus lib. 5. Contra Haeres By whose command men are born by the same power are Princes or Governours made which is onely Gods This the Romish Extravagants approve determining that (d) Imperator non habet gladium a populo sed imperium est a solo Deo Extravag De Majoritate Oledientia Dist 96. The Emperour hath not his Sword of the people but the Empire is onely from God Gent. I see it perspicuously evident by Scriptures Fathers and Imperial Constitutions that Chief Magistrates receive their Authority onely of God and that None is above them within their Dominions but God What say the antient Laws of our Nation to this Minist Bracton who executed the office of Lord Chief Justiciarie for twenty years together under Henry the Third treating of the antient rites and customs of England saith that (e) Sunt sub Rege liberi homines servi ejus potestati subjecti omnes quidem sub eo ipse sub nullo nisi tantum sub Deo I●émque r●●sus Si ab eo peccatur cùm Bre●e non currat contra ips●m locus erit supplicationi quod factum suum corrigat emende● quod quidem si non fe●●rit satis erit ei ad poenam quod Dominum expectet ultorem nemo enim de factis suis praesumat disquirere ●ou●●o minus contra factum suum venire Bracton De lege consuetudine Ang●●●● lib. ● cap. 8. num 5. Under the King are Freemen and Servants subject to his power and all are under him and he under none therefore not the Pope of Rome but onely under God and i● he offend seeing no Brief can issue out against him much less a Romish f This is to be understood either in relation to the Pope onely or of them which are alsolutely supreme in legislative and executive power whether Monarchs Optimates or Senate which is to be referred to the Laws of every Nation as His Majesty is supreme with us both in legislative and executive power Bull there is onely place for Supplication that he would correct and reform his Errour which if he will not do it is sufficient punishment for him that he must expect God will revenge for none may presume therefore not the Pope judicially to enquire into his actions much less to make insurrection against him Gent. I understand that not onely the modern but antient Laws of this Nation are against Papal Jurisdiction if not expresly yet consequently but at this present you need not fear his annoying the Chief Magistrate State or people of this Nation Minist There was never more cause of fear then now and unless you dissemble you must confess the (g) Regno privare atque etiam interficiendos atque populos subjectos relaxato juris jurandi vincul● potestate eorum eximere atque ab obedientia sidei debito liberare ipsum regnum alteri Principi donare armis invadendum sibique subjugandum permittere Regem a Papa sive Haeret cum sine aliàs viti●s●m au● inu●●lem judica●um ac propterea per sententiam ejus velut superioris regni jure privatum jam jus authoritatem imperandi amisisse nec ultra Regem esse sed Tyrannum a quovis de populo occidi posse Clericos etiam nequaquam ulli Regum esse subditos ac propterea nullam ab eis laesae Majestatis crimen commi●●● etiamsi rebellionem in Reges molia●●ur monitis atque exemplo populos rebellare obedientiam fidelitatē tribulū omnia obsequia Principibus negare do●e●t Apostolos Regibus de facto tantum non etiam de jure subjectos f●i●se Sanctarel apud Alphonsum de Vargas pag. 117 118. Brood of Ignatius Loyola were never more active then now at this present That Romish Argus in the Apocalyptical Beast full of eyes he rides upon is intensly vigilant to widen the breaches he hath made taking advantage of our distractions haud tanto cessabit cardine rerum I will give a glance of his attempts in this kind since Queen Elizabeth's Inauguration In the fourth year of Her Reign Arthur Pole of the Race of George Duke of Clarence and Fortescue his Brother-in-Law conspired by an army in Wales to proclaim the Queen of Scots Pope Pius the Fifth in the year 1569. sent out an Excommunication against her absolving all her Subjects from the Oath of Allegiance By him and the King of Spain the Duke of Norfolk was excited to stir up what Forces he could and to join with the Earls of Northumberland and Westmerland who were seduced by Nicholas Morton a Priest sent from his Holyness The same year Johannes Mendoza was sent out of Spain to inflame the Rebellion begun in Ireland by Edmund and Peter Botelers Brethren to the Earl of Ormond In the year 1570. Don John of Austria disappointed of the Kingdom of Tunis practised secretly with the Pope the overthrow of England Gregory the Thirteenth promised a Cruciata as was used in the Holy Wars if the Spaniard and Stukeley an Englishman whom he had furnished with men and ammunition would turn their Forces against England Sanders and Allen two Popish Priests with Power Legantine a consecrated Banner and Letters of Commendation came to Spain from thence to Ireland with three Ships and a few Soldiers to stir up Commotions In the year 1580. these Emissaries House Main Nelson Sherwood Campian Parsons all Romish Priests taught that Queen Elizabeth was an Heretick and therefore worthily deposed The Jesuits by their seditious Libels encouraged Summervile and Arden to attempt the Queen's death Anno 158● And Bernardinus Mendoza the Spanish Embassadour was thrust out of England for secret Conspiracies against the State At Venice Parry a Doctour of Civil Law had communication with Benedictus Palmius a Jesuit who recommended him to Campegius the Pope's Nuncio and Campegius to the Pope so that Letters of Credence were sent to him by the Cardinal of Come and he excited to attempt the Queen's death by a Stab which they called special service for the Catholick cause which he consented unto having got a plenary indulgence by Ragazonius the Pope's Nuncio Ballard a Rhemish Priest perswaded Babington with Chernock and other of his Complices to assault Her Majesty commending the Scots who had lately intercepted their King at Sterling and Gerard the Burgonian who killed the