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A53685 A discourse of the work of the Holy Spirit in prayer with a brief enquiry into the nature and use of mental prayer and forms / by John Owen ... Owen, John, 1616-1683. 1682 (1682) Wing O738; ESTC R11815 119,966 289

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would ever have come into the minds of men had not a necessity of their Invention been introduced by the establishment of set Forms of Prayer as the only way and means of Divine Worship And whereever they are retained proportionably unto the principles of the Doctrine which men profess some such Ceremonies must be retained also I will not therefore deny but that here lyeth the foundation of all our present differences about the manner of Divine Worship Suppose a necessity of confining the Solemn Worship of the Church unto set Forms of Prayer and I will grant that sundry Rituals and Ceremonies may be well judged necessary to accompany their observance For without them they will quickly grow obsolete and unsatisfactory And if on the other hand free Prayer in the Church be allowed it is evident that nothing but the Grace and Gifts of the Holy Ghost with a due regard unto the Decency of natural circumstances is required in Divine service or can be admitted therein Neither yet is this consequent how inseparable soever it seems from the sole publick Use of set Forms of Prayer in sacred Administrations pleaded to prove them either in themselves or their use to be unlawful The Design of this consideration is only to shew that they have been so far abased that they are so subject to be abused and do so alway stand in need to be abused that they may attain the Ends aimed at by them as much weakens the Plea of the necessity of their imposition For this also is another evil that hath attended their invention The Guides of the Church after a while were not contented to make use of Humanely devised Forms of Prayer confining themselves unto their use alone in all publick Administrations but moreover they judged it meet to impose the same practice on all whom they esteemed to be under their Power And this at length they thought lawful yea necessary to do on penalties Ecclesiastical and Civil and in the issue Capital When this Injunction first found a prevalent entertainment is very uncertain For the first two or three Centuries there were no Systemes of composed Forms of Prayer used in any Church whatever as hath been proved Afterwards when they began to be generally received on such grounds and for such Reasons as I shall not here insist on but may do so in a Declaration of the Nature and Use of spiritual Gifts with their continuance in the Church and an enquiry into the causes of their Decay the Authority of some great Persons did recommend the Use of their Compositions unto other Churches even such as had a mind to make use of them as they saw good But as unto this device of their Imposition confining Churches not only unto the necessary use of them in general but unto a certain Composition and Collection of them we are beholding for all the advantage received thereby unto the Popes of Rome alone among the Churches of the second Edition For from their own Good Inclination and by their own Authority without the advice of Councils or pretence of Traditions the two Gorgons heads whereby in other cases they frighten poor Mortals and turn them into Stones by various Degrees they obtained a pretence of Right to impose them and did it accordingly For when the Use and Benefit of them had been for a while pleaded and thence a progress made unto their necessity it was needful that they should be imposed on all Churches and Christians by their Ecclesiastical Authority But when afterwards they had insinuated into them and lodged in their Bowels the two great Idols of Transubstantiation and the unbloudy Sacrifice not only Mulcts Personal and Pecuniary but Capital punishments were enacted and executed to enforce their observance This brought Fire and Faggot into Christian Religion making Havock of the true Church of Christ and shedding Blood of thousands For the Martyrdom of all that have suffered death in the World for their Testimony against the Idolatries of the Mass derives originally from this Spring alone of the necessary imposition of compleat Liturgical Forms of Prayer For this is the sole foundation of the Roman Breviary and Missal which have been the Abaddons of the Church of Christ in these parts of the World and are ready once more to be so again Take away this Foundation and they all fall to the ground And it is worth Consideration of what kind that Principle is which was naturally improved unto such pernitious effects which quickly was found to be a meet and effectual Engine in the Hand of Sathan to destroy and murder the Servants of Christ. Had the Churches of Christ been left unto their primitive Liberty under the enjoined Duties of Reading and Expounding the Scripture of Singing Psalms to the praise of God of the Administration of the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lords Supper and of diligent preaching the Word all of them with Prayer according unto the Abilities and spiritual Gifts of them who did preside in them as it is evident that they were for some Ages it is impossible for any man to imagine what evils would have ensued thereon that might be of any consideration in comparison of those enormous mischiefs which followed on the contrary practice And as unto all the Inconveniences which as it is pretended might ensue on this Liberty there is sufficient Evangelical Provision for their prevention or cure made in the Gospel constitution and Communion of all the true Churches of Christ. But this was not the whole of the Evil that attended this Imposition For by this means all spiritual Ministerial Gifts were caused to cease in the Church For as they are Talents given to trade withal or manifestations of the Spirit given to profit or edify the Church they will not reside in any subject they will not abide if they are by any received if they are not improved by continual Exercise We see every day what effects the contempt or neglect of them doth produce Wherefore this Exercise of them being restrained and excluded by this Imposition they were utterly lost in the Church so as that it was looked on as a rare thing for any one to be able to pray in the Administration of Divine Worship Yea the pretence of such an Ability was esteemed a Crime and the Exercise of it a Sin scarce to be pardoned Yet do I not find it in any of the ancient Canons reckoned among the faults for which a Bishop or a Presbyter were to be deposed But that hereon arose in those who were called to officiate in publick Assemblies as unto the Gifts which they had received for the Edification of the Church in Divine Administrations that neglect which hath given a fatal wound unto the Light and Holiness of it is openly evident For when the Generality of men of that Order had provision of Prayers made for them which they purchased at an easy rate or had them provided for them at the charge of the People they