give_v to_o the_o portion_n of_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n or_o to_o the_o right_n of_o possess_v they_o because_o they_o be_v give_v by_o the_o prince_n as_o bishopric_n or_o by_o the_o bishop_n of_o who_o consent_n and_o concession_n other_o live_n be_v bestow_v and_o also_o because_o clergyman_n be_v spiritual_a soldier_n keep_v guard_n and_o exercise_v a_o sacred_a warfare_n the_o abbey_n beyond_o the_o alps_o be_v at_o last_o make_v more_o ample_a and_o more_o rich_a abbey_n abbey_n by_o reason_n the_o master_n of_o the_o palace_n assume_v to_o themselves_o the_o authority_n of_o make_v the_o abbot_n palazzo_n maestri_n di_fw-fr palazzo_n and_o that_o with_o a_o reason_n apparent_a enough_o because_o the_o monk_n then_o as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v layman_n without_o any_o ecclesiastical_a ordination_n 46._o n._n 46._o it_o be_v true_a they_o do_v not_o always_o give_v he_o to_o they_o but_o sometime_o out_o of_o favour_n he_o grant_v the_o monk_n leave_v to_o choose_v themselves_o one_o but_o in_o italy_n the_o monastery_n be_v not_o very_o considerable_a in_o wealth_n 750._o ao._n 750._o until_o the_o year_n 750._o the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n than_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o king_n of_o the_o lombard_n make_v no_o great_a account_n of_o they_o whereupon_o the_o election_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o monk_n with_o the_o sole_a superintendency_n of_o the_o bishop_n but_o the_o bishop_n sometime_o be_v intent_n to_o grow_v great_a they_o molest_v the_o monastery_n too_o much_o wherefore_o the_o abbot_n and_o monk_n desirous_a of_o free_v themselves_o from_o that_o subjection_n exemption_n exemption_n find_v a_o way_n by_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n that_o he_o may_v take_v they_o into_o his_o immediate_a protection_n and_o exempt_v they_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n this_o be_v easy_o consent_v unto_o by_o the_o pope_n make_v use_n of_o they_o as_o well_o to_o have_v other_o person_n in_o city_n immediate_o depend_v on_o they_o as_o to_o amplify_v their_o power_n over_o the_o bishop_n it_o be_v very_o important_a that_o a_o corporation_n so_o notable_a as_o be_v the_o monk_n who_o in_o those_o time_n almost_o whole_o attend_v on_o learning_n 47._o n._n 47._o shall_v depend_v total_o on_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n a_o beginning_n be_v make_v of_o these_o exemption_n all_o the_o monastery_n in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n remain_v unite_v to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o separate_v from_o their_o bishop_n in_o france_n the_o bishop_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o much_o more_o those_o who_o be_v make_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o palace_n the_o king_n authority_n be_v lessen_v betake_v themselves_o all_o to_o temporal_a thing_n which_o the_o abbot_n do_v likewise_o who_o furnish_v the_o king_n with_o soldier_n and_o go_v to_o the_o war_n in_o person_n not_o as_o religious_a man_n to_o perform_v the_o office_n of_o christ_n minister_n but_o arm_v and_o fight_v also_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o be_v not_o content_a with_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o good_n but_o draw_v all_o to_o themselves_o whereupon_o the_o poor_a priest_n who_o administer_v the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o sacrament_n to_o the_o people_n in_o church_n remain_v without_o a_o livelihood_n wherefore_o the_o people_n out_o of_o their_o devotion_n contribute_v unto_o they_o part_n of_o their_o own_o estate_n which_o be_v do_v in_o some_o place_n more_o liberal_o 48._o n._n 48._o and_o in_o other_o more_o spare_o querimony_n or_o complaint_n arise_v about_o it_o sometime_o because_o when_o it_o be_v often_o treat_v how_o much_o that_o shall_v be_v which_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o vicar_n or_o curate_n it_o go_v for_o a_o common_a opinion_n to_o be_v convenient_a after_o the_o example_n of_o god_n law_n in_o the_o old_a testament_n to_o give_v the_o ten_o tithe_n tithe_n which_o be_v command_v that_o people_n by_o god_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a thing_n to_o represent_v it_o under_o the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n as_o due_a also_o though_o indeed_o nothing_o else_o be_v say_v of_o it_o by_o our_o lord_n and_o by_o st._n paul_n but_o that_o necessary_a maintenance_n be_v due_a from_o the_o people_n to_o the_o minister_n and_o that_o the_o minister_n or_o the_o labourer_n be_v worthy_a of_o his_o hire_n and_o he_o that_o serve_v at_o the_o altar_n aught_o to_o live_v by_o the_o altar_n without_o prescribe_v any_o determinate_a quantity_n because_o that_o in_o some_o case_n the_o tithe_n will_v be_v but_o little_a and_o in_o other_o case_n the_o hundred_o part_n will_v suffice_v but_o because_o this_o be_v a_o clear_a thing_n and_o that_o hereafter_o we_o have_v need_n of_o handle_v it_o more_o diffuse_o i_o will_v say_v no_o more_o now_o but_o that_o in_o those_o day_n and_o for_o a_o age_n afterward_o 49._o n._n 49._o the_o sermon_n which_o be_v make_v in_o church_n except_v the_o matter_n of_o faith_n tend_v to_o nothing_o else_o but_o to_o proof_n and_o exhortation_n to_o pay_v tithe_n a_o thing_n which_o the_o curate_n be_v force_v to_o do_v both_o for_o need_v and_o for_o utility_n or_o profit_n and_o in_o the_o amplify_a as_o it_o behoove_v like_o a_o orator_n they_o go_v often_o so_o far_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o place_v all_o christian_a perfection_n in_o pay_v of_o tithe_n of_o which_o not_o well_o content_a and_o the_o praedial_n not_o seem_v sufficient_a for_o they_o they_o begin_v to_o hold_v the_o personal_n also_o for_o necessary_a that_o be_v what_o a_o man_n gain_v by_o his_o labour_n and_o industry_n of_o hunt_v of_o all_o art_n and_o handicraft_n and_o also_o of_o the_o military_a pay_n of_o these_o sermon_n many_o be_v find_v without_o the_o author_n name_n some_o through_o error_n or_o on_o purpose_n be_v attribute_v to_o st._n augustin_n and_o to_o other_o ancient_a writer_n but_o beside_o that_o the_o style_n show_v they_o be_v make_v about_o the_o year_n 800._o history_n be_v clear_a that_o neither_o in_o africa_n nor_o in_o the_o east_n they_o never_o pay_v tithe_n and_o that_o their_o beginning_n 50._o n._n 50._o spring_v up_o in_o france_n as_o have_v be_v say_v i_o will_v pass_v unto_o italy_n title_n no_o man_n ordain_v without_o a_o title_n where_o for_o several_a hundred_o of_o year_n no_o man_n be_v ever_o ordain_v to_o who_o there_o be_v not_o appoint_v both_o his_o proper_a and_o special_a office_n and_o charge_n unless_o that_o some_o man_n famous_a in_o doctrine_n or_o in_o holiness_n who_o to_o attend_v on_o his_o sacred_a study_n refuse_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o any_o particular_a cure_n the_o priest_n be_v ordain_v without_o give_v he_o any_o proper_a parish_n on_o which_o he_o may_v attend_v st._n hierolamo_n be_v ordain_v priest_n of_o antioch_n and_o st._n paulinus_n at_o barcelona_n and_o this_o occasion_n eccept_v benefice_n olympia_n no_o distinction_n between_o ordination_n and_o benefice_n antiquity_n know_v of_o no_o distinction_n between_o ordination_n and_o benefice_n and_o ordain_v be_v then_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o give_v a_o office_n and_o the_o right_n of_o have_v one_o livelihood_n from_o the_o common_a good_n of_o the_o church_n but_o afterward_o that_o in_o the_o confusion_n which_o war_n have_v cause_v in_o state_n many_o worthy_a and_o good_a clergyman_n be_v drive_v from_o their_o ministry_n they_o recover_v or_o have_v recourse_n to_o some_o other_o church_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v and_o maintain_v as_o their_o own_o clerk_n at_o the_o common_a charge_n 51._o n._n 51._o and_o sometime_o some_o minister_n of_o that_o church_n happen_v to_o fail_v by_o death_n or_o otherwise_o his_o office_n be_v appoint_v he_o to_o be_v minister_n therein_o and_o that_o clerk_n be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v incardinate_v whereas_o he_o who_o have_v first_o be_v exalt_v to_o a_o office_n cardinato_n cardinal_n incardinato_n cardinato_n be_v say_v to_o be_v ordinate_v or_o ordain_v thereunto_o but_o who_o be_v dispossess_v of_o his_o own_o and_o provide_v with_o another_o be_v call_v incardinate_v this_o manner_n begin_v in_o italy_n before_o the_o 600th_o year_n of_o christ_n birth_n when_o through_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o lumbards_n many_o bishop_n and_o other_o clergyman_n be_v drive_v from_o their_o charge_n for_o which_o cause_n when_o such_o like_a office_n be_v vacant_a in_o other_o church_n they_o be_v incardinate_v therein_o and_o the_o bishop_n be_v call_v episcopi_fw-la cardinal_n and_o the_o priest_n presbiteri_fw-la cardinal_n those_o who_o be_v drive_v out_o from_o their_o own_o place_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o ravenua_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o rich_a in_o office_n and_o ministery_n 52._o n._n 52._o those_o church_n i_o say_v as_o most_o rich_a and_o most_o abound_v receive_v most_o of_o those_o stranger_n and_o therefore_o they_o have_v more_o cardinal_n
also_o give_v authority_n to_o who_o he_o think_v fit_a enable_v he_o in_o like_a manner_n to_o concur_v with_o the_o ordinary_a or_o to_o prevent_v it_o as_o they_o have_v since_o give_v this_o faculty_n unto_o legate_n with_o a_o general_a constitution_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o wonder-worthy_a in_o the_o consideration_n of_o benefice_n faithful_a election_n of_o minister_n belong_v to_o the_o faithful_a than_o it_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o light_n at_o noon_n day_n that_o the_o election_n of_o minister_n be_v at_o first_o by_o the_o faithful_a people_n than_o it_o pass_v unto_o the_o prince_n after_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v receive_v they_o mind_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n and_o final_o it_o be_v reduce_v unto_o the_o ecclesiastical_a order_n only_o 161._o n._n 161._o the_o secular_o be_v exclude_v by_o the_o management_n of_o gregory_n the_o seven_o and_o his_o successor_n yet_o there_o still_o remain_v in_o each_o diocese_n the_o election_n and_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n and_o of_o their_o office_n which_o since_o by_o little_a and_o little_a the_o pope_n of_o rome_n have_v assume_v to_o themselves_o by_o the_o way_n abovesaid_a and_o to_o be_v say_v hereafter_o nevertheless_o the_o canonist_n either_o out_o of_o animosity_n or_o because_o it_o be_v not_o their_o profession_n to_o know_v any_o thing_n beside_o the_o decretal_n have_v say_v and_o do_v say_v in_o our_o day_n without_o respect_n unto_o the_o notorious_a truth_n which_o be_v against_o it_o that_o heretofore_o the_o pope_n provide_v all_o bishopric_n and_o other_o benefice_n and_o that_o he_o afterward_o out_o of_o favour_n grant_v the_o election_n to_o the_o chapter_n and_o the_o collation_n unto_o the_o bishop_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o one_o day_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v answer_v in_o the_o article_n of_o our_o faith_n for_o make_v a_o doctrine_n to_o pass_v into_o the_o church_n which_o be_v so_o direct_o contrary_a to_o what_o they_o cause_v to_o be_v preach_v in_o former_a time_n when_o anselmus_fw-la bishop_n of_o lucca_n who_o write_v three_o book_n against_o gilbert_n the_o antipope_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o say_v gregory_n the_o seven_o which_o be_v still_o to_o be_v find_v throughout_o all_o the_o second_o of_o which_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n 162._o n._n 162._o of_o the_o holy_a father_n of_o general_a counsel_n by_o the_o custom_n observe_v from_o the_o apostle_n time_n unto_o he_o who_o write_v in_o the_o year_n 1080_o prove_v that_o the_o election_n of_o bishop_n by_o he_o call_v pope_n belong_v to_o the_o clergy_n and_o to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o same_o diocese_n and_o that_o the_o most_o pious_a emperor_n constantine_n constant_n valentinianus_n theodosius_n honorius_n carolus_n ludovicus_n and_o other_o excellent_a man_n for_o faith_n and_o in_o religion_n never_o violate_v such_o a_o custom_n observe_v in_o the_o holy_a church_n from_o the_o apostle_n time_n and_o a_o constitution_n of_o carolus_n and_o ludovicus_n pius_n be_v bear_v or_o contain_v in_o the_o chapitolar_n that_o bishop_n shall_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o clergy_n and_o by_o the_o people_n of_o their_o own_o diocese_n according_a to_o the_o canon_n say_v that_o this_o constitution_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o that_o of_o the_o holy_a father_n and_o no_o less_o than_o if_o by_o the_o nicene_n council_n or_o by_o any_o other_o general_n synod_n it_o have_v be_v promulgate_v by_o the_o holy-ghost_n through_o the_o mouth_n of_o those_o emperor_n where_o it_o be_v see_v that_o to_o take_v the_o election_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o prince_n they_o hold_v for_o a_o tradition_n that_o the_o contrary_a of_o which_o they_o be_v willing_a now_o adays_o shall_v be_v write_v by_o the_o canonist_n 163._o n._n 163._o and_o believe_v by_o we_o so_o that_o of_o necessity_n the_o canonist_n must_v err_v or_o else_o the_o allegation_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o lucca_n have_v err_v and_o if_o the_o ordination_n of_o bishop_n in_o their_o diocese_n after_o the_o manner_n aforesaid_a be_v the_o liberty_n of_o each_o one_o of_o the_o church_n as_o the_o father_n and_o the_o counsel_n teach_v and_o grant_v they_o by_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n let_v not_o those_o talk_n so_o disorderly_a who_o say_v the_o court_n have_v put_v all_o the_o church_n in_o bondage_n under_o pretext_n of_o defend_v they_o their_o liberty_n seek_v this_o time_n that_o have_v speak_v in_o divers_a occasion_n of_o different_a way_n of_o gain_v estate_n to_o the_o church_n i_o touch_v the_o manner_n of_o preserve_v they_o which_o be_v by_o prohibit_v all_o manner_n of_o alienation_n alienation_n alienation_n a_o thing_n diametrical_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o the_o primitive_a church_n observe_v wherefore_o if_o when_o it_o be_v lawful_a by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o church_n to_o purchase_v estate_n in_o land_n 164._o n._n 164._o they_o may_v retain_v those_o which_o be_v give_v or_o bequeath_v it_o be_v therefore_o in_o the_o bishop_n liberty_n not_o only_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o income_n but_o also_o to_o sell_v the_o very_a estate_n to_o discharge_v the_o necessary_a expense_n in_o maintain_v the_o minister_n and_o the_o poor_a as_o also_o to_o give_v or_o bestow_v according_a to_o exigency_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o dispensator_fw-la grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o fruit_n only_o as_o at_o present_a but_o also_o unto_o the_o estate_n itself_o and_o to_o other_o chapter_n which_o at_o first_o be_v administer_v with_o sincerity_n so_o that_o there_o arise_v no_o inconveniency_n thereby_o and_o last_v a_o long_a time_n in_o poor_a church_n where_o the_o estate_n be_v but_o small_a and_o the_o bishop_n of_o no_o great_a authority_n there_o be_v no_o matter_n or_o cause_n of_o transgression_n but_o in_o rich_a church_n and_o great_a one_o where_o the_o reputation_n embolden_v the_o bishop_n to_o attempt_v that_o which_o will_v not_o have_v be_v permit_v unto_o all_o and_o abundance_n give_v matter_n of_o be_v able_a to_o make_v use_n of_o some_o part_n arbitrary_o the_o bishop_n begin_v to_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o modesty_n from_o dispense_v they_o come_v to_o dissipate_v against_o which_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o provide_v neither_o the_o provision_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o clergyman_n but_o from_o secular_a man_n to_o who_o prejudice_n it_o be_v 165._o n._n 165._o for_o the_o public_a estate_n of_o the_o church_n be_v lessen_v the_o clergy_n be_v not_o suffer_v to_o take_v their_o live_n who_o be_v the_o first_o but_o the_o poor_a who_o remain_v to_o the_o last_o in_o the_o most_o principal_a church_n which_o be_v rome_n and_o constantinople_n the_o provision_n be_v also_o first_o necessary_a wherefore_o leo_n the_o emperor_n by_o a_o law_n of_o he_o anno._n 470_o prohibit_v the_o church_n of_o constantinople_n from_o every_o alienation_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 483_o basilius_n cecina_n praefect_n we_o praetorius_n of_o king_n odoacre_n in_o rome_n the_o see_v of_o simplicius_n be_v vacant_a by_o a_o decree_n make_v in_o the_o church_n ordain_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n shall_v not_o be_v alienate_v which_o be_v not_o find_v strange_a by_o three_o succeed_v pope_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 502_o odoacre_n be_v extinct_a and_o all_o his_o power_n simmacus_fw-la the_o pope_n assemble_v a_o council_n of_o all_o italy_n wherein_o he_o propose_v as_o a_o great_a absurdity_n that_o a_o layman_n shall_v have_v make_v constitution_n in_o the_o church_n 166._o n._n 166._o and_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o council_n declare_v they_o null_a but_o lest_o it_o shall_v appear_v that_o this_o will_v tend_v to_o disorder_v a_o decree_n be_v make_v in_o the_o council_n that_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o minister_n of_o that_o church_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o alienate_v specify_v that_o the_o decree_n shall_v not_o oblige_v other_o church_n but_o the_o roman_a only_o the_o follow_a time_n show_v there_o be_v need_n of_o the_o same_o law_n in_o all_o the_o church_n wherefore_o anastasius_n extend_v leo_n law_n to_o all_o the_o church_n subject_n to_o the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n to_o all_o which_o he_o prohibit_v the_o power_n of_o alienate_v but_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n in_o the_o year_n 535_o make_v a_o constitution_n general_n for_o all_o the_o eastern_a western_a and_o african_a church_n and_o also_o for_o all_o pious_a place_n prohibit_v the_o power_n of_o alienate_v except_v only_o to_o feed_v the_o poor_a in_o case_n of_o extraordinary_a famine_n and_o to_o release_v prisoner_n in_o which_o case_n alienation_n be_v grant_v conformable_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n 167._o n._n 167._o of_o which_o st._n ambrose_n make_v mention_v that_o not_o only_a possession_n but_o also_o the_o vessel_n be_v sell_v for_o such_o cause_n justinian_n law_n in_o the_o west_n
forsake_v for_o which_o cause_n about_o the_o year_n 470_o it_o be_v ordain_v in_o the_o western_a church_n ecclesiastical_a ao._n 470._o division_n of_o good_n ecclesiastical_a that_o four_o part_n shall_v be_v make_v one_o shall_v be_v the_o bishop_n the_o second_o for_o the_o other_o minister_n the_o three_o for_o building_n of_o the_o church_n which_o comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o building_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o people_n meet_v together_o but_o also_o the_o habitation_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o clergyman_n and_o of_o the_o sick_a and_o widow_n and_o the_o four_o for_o the_o poor_a but_o these_o poor_a among_o most_o of_o the_o church_n as_o st._n gregory_n relate_v be_v mean_v only_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o place_n because_o all_o the_o hospitality_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n 26._o page_n 26._o who_o upon_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o own_o portion_n be_v oblige_v to_o lodge_v the_o foreign_a clergy_n and_o to_o feed_v the_o poor_a which_o come_v from_o abroad_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o division_n be_v in_o four_o arithmetical_a and_o equal_a part_n but_o proportionable_o because_o in_o some_o church_n the_o number_n of_o the_o clergy_n require_v that_o their_o expense_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o for_o the_o poor_a on_o the_o contrary_a the_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a and_o the_o small_a number_n of_o clergyman_n require_v otherwise_o even_o as_o in_o the_o great_a city_n the_o charge_n of_o building_n be_v great_a but_o not_o so_o in_o the_o ordinary_a one_o because_o every_o church_n accept_v the_o decree_n of_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n make_v the_o division_n with_o different_a proportion_n according_a to_o their_o own_o different_a necessity_n i_o know_v that_o some_o do_v attribute_v this_o division_n to_o pope_n sylvester_n who_o be_v 150_o year_n before_o ground_v upon_o some_o feign_a scripture_n after_o with_o little_a honour_n to_o that_o age_n which_o be_v not_o then_o much_o pollute_v in_o the_o theodosian_a codicil_n 359._o ao._n 359._o there_o be_v find_v a_o law_n of_o constantius_n and_o julian_n 27._o page_n 27._o in_o the_o year_n 359_o exempt_v the_o marchant-clergy_n from_o pay_v custom_n or_o tribute_n because_o what_o they_o gain_v be_v the_o poors_z so_o far_o be_v we_o that_o the_o church_n good_n shall_v be_v divide_v that_o they_o leave_v their_o gain_n in_o common_a 550._o ao._n 550._o but_o in_o these_o year_n which_o be_v about_o 500_o although_o the_o rent_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n yet_o the_o estate_n be_v not_o divide_v neither_o the_o real_a estate_n nor_o the_o oblation_n and_o alm_n but_o all_o govern_v together_o by_o the_o deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n and_o the_o income_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n which_o thing_n have_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o this_o place_n because_o in_o succeed_v time_n there_o will_v be_v declare_v such_o a_o change_n of_o government_n which_o in_o and_o through_o all_o thing_n prove_v contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o choose_v minister_n be_v as_o be_v abovesaid_a institute_v by_o the_o holy_a apostle_n that_o bishop_n priest_n 〈◊〉_d election_n of_o bishop_n &_o 〈◊〉_d and_o other_o minister_n of_o god_n word_n and_o the_o deacon_n minister_n of_o temporal_a thing_n shall_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o universality_n or_o generality_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o the_o bishop_n with_o lay_v of_o hand_n on_o the_o head_n a_o thing_n which_o last_v without_o alteration_n the_o bishop_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n 28._o page_n 28._o and_o ordain_v by_o the_o metropolitain_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o cumprovincial_a bishop_n or_o else_o by_o their_o consent_n grant_v by_o letter_n from_o those_o who_o can_v not_o be_v present_a and_o if_o the_o metropolitain_n be_v hinder_v the_o ordination_n be_v make_v by_o three_o of_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o he_o and_o of_o those_o that_o be_v absent_a and_o after_o that_o many_o province_n for_o a_o better_a form_n of_o government_n be_v subject_a to_o one_o primate_n his_o consent_n be_v also_o require_v for_o ordain_v then_o the_o priest_n deacon_n and_o other_o clergyman_n be_v present_v by_o the_o people_n and_o ordain_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o else_o nominate_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n ordain_v by_o he_o a_o unknown_a man_n be_v never_o receive_v neither_o do_v the_o bishop_n ever_o ordain_v one_o who_o be_v not_o approve_v of_o and_o commend_v or_o rather_o present_v by_o the_o people_n and_o the_o consent_n or_o interveen_n of_o the_o people_n be_v judge_v so_o necessary_a that_o pope_n leo_n the_o first_o treat_v ample_o that_o the_o ordination_n of_o a_o bishop_n can_v not_o be_v valid_a nor_o lawful_a which_o be_v not_o require_v or_o seek_v for_o by_o the_o people_n and_o by_o they_o approve_v of_o 29._o n._n 29._o which_o be_v say_v by_o all_o the_o saint_n of_o those_o time_n and_o st._n gregory_n esteem_v that_o constance_n can_v not_o be_v consecrate_a bishop_n of_o milan_n who_o have_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o clergy_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o citizen_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o persecution_n be_v retire_v to_o genoa_n and_o prevail_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v first_o send_v unto_o to_o know_v their_o will_n a_o thing_n worthy_a of_o be_v note_v in_o our_o day_n ☜_o ☜_o when_o that_o election_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o null_a where_o the_o people_n have_v any_o share_n thus_o thing_n be_v change_v and_o pass_v into_o a_o quite_o contrary_a custom_n call_v that_o lawful_a which_o then_o be_v account_v wicked_a and_o that_o unjust_a which_o then_o be_v repute_v holy_a sometime_o when_o the_o bishop_n be_v grow_v old_a he_o nominate_v his_o own_o successor_n thus_o st._n augustin_n nominate_v eradius_fw-la but_o that_o nomination_n be_v of_o no_o value_n unless_o it_o be_v first_o approve_v of_o by_o the_o people_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v keep_v in_o mind_n to_o compare_v they_o with_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n which_o be_v see_v to_o be_v practise_v in_o subsequent_a time_n it_o be_v necessary_a now_o to_o make_v a_o little_a digression_n for_o a_o new_a cause_n 30._o n._n 30._o which_o have_v bring_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n to_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n and_o spring_v up_o in_o these_o very_a time_n about_o the_o year_n 500_o and_o this_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o religious_a college_n call_v monastery_n 300._o ao._n 500_o monastery_n monkery_n ao._n 300._o monkery_n begin_v in_o egypt_n about_o the_o year_n 300_o those_o who_o flee_v from_o the_o persecution_n and_o from_o thence_o past_a into_o greece_n where_o by_o st._n basil_n about_o the_o year_n 370_o it_o be_v form_v in_o the_o manner_n which_o yet_o continue_v in_o those_o country_n but_o in_o italy_n about_o the_o year_n 350_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n by_o athanasius_n 350._o ao._n 350._o where_o he_o have_v but_o few_o follower_n and_o little_a applause_n in_o that_o city_n and_o in_o the_o neighbour_a place_n until_o that_o time_n of_o about_o the_o year_n 500_o when_o st._n equitius_n and_o st._n benedictus_n give_v it_o a_o settle_a form_n and_o difuse_v it_o though_o indeed_o the_o institution_n of_o st._n equitius_n extend_v itself_o but_o little_a and_o soon_o fail_v but_o that_o of_o st._n benedict_n spread_v itself_o all_o over_o italy_n and_o go_v beyond_o the_o mountain_n secular_o monk_n nor_o clerk_n but_o secular_o the_o monk_n in_o those_o day_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o be_v not_o clerk_n but_o secular_o and_o in_o the_o monastery_n which_o they_o have_v without_o the_o city_n they_o live_v upon_o their_o own_o labour_n of_o husbandry_n and_o other_o art_n together_o with_o some_o oblation_n make_v they_o by_o the_o faithful_a all_o which_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o abbot_n but_o in_o the_o city_n they_o live_v by_o their_o work_n 31._o n._n 31._o and_o by_o that_o which_o be_v appoint_v for_o public_a expense_n by_o the_o church_n these_o retain_v their_o ancient_a discipline_n much_o long_o the_o clerk_n after_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o church_n be_v divide_v lose_v sufficient_o of_o the_o people_n divotion_n whereupon_o there_o be_v few_o who_o either_o give_v or_o leave_v any_o more_o good_n to_o they_o so_o that_o the_o acquisition_n and_o purchase_n of_o the_o church_n will_v have_v be_v at_o a_o end_n but_o the_o monk_n continue_v the_o live_n in_o common_a and_o in_o pious_a work_n be_v cause_n that_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o extinguish_v but_o forsake_v the_o clerk_n turn_v towards_o they_o who_o be_v great_o instrumental_a in_o increase_v ecclesiastical_a wealth_n and_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n augment_v great_o in_o possession_n and_o income_n give_v to_o they_o and_o
draw_v out_o of_o england_n he_o find_v it_o to_o be_v equal_a to_o his_o own_o revenue_n which_o be_v sixty_o thousand_o mark_n the_o king_n propose_v some_o of_o these_o difference_n to_o the_o council_n at_o lion_n make_v complaint_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a grievance_n whereto_o the_o pope_n answer_v the_o council_n be_v not_o assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o that_o it_o be_v no_o time_n to_o harken_v to_o it_o in_o the_o say_a city_n of_o lion_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n 154._o n._n 154._o the_o pope_n will_v have_v give_v to_o his_o kinsman_n some_o prebendary_n of_o those_o church_n upon_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a commotion_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o pope_n have_v notice_n give_v he_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v throw_v into_o the_o rhone_n wherefore_o the_o pope_n send_v they_o away_o private_o rhodano_n rhodano_n for_o all_o this_o the_o court_n leave_v not_o off_o its_o design_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1253_o the_o same_o pope_n command_v robert_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n a_o man_n in_o those_o time_n famous_a in_o doctrine_n and_o in_o goodness_n that_o he_o shall_v confer_v a_o certain_a benefice_n upon_o the_o genoése_n against_o the_o canon_n which_o appear_v inconvenient_a and_o unjust_a to_o the_o bishop_n he_o answer_v the_o pope_n that_o he_o honour_a apostolical_a command_v conformable_a to_o apostolical_a doctrine_n wherefore_o that_o non_fw-la obstantibus_fw-la be_v a_o deluge_n of_o inconstancy_n a_o breach_n of_o faith_n a_o disturbance_n of_o the_o quietness_n of_o christendom_n that_o it_o be_v a_o grievous_a sin_n to_o defraud_v the_o sheep_n of_o their_o pasture_n that_o the_o apostolical_a see_v have_v all_o power_n to_o edification_n none_o to_o destroy_v 155._o n._n 155._o this_o answer_v receive_v the_o pope_n grow_v wrath_n exceed_o but_o cardinal_n egidius_n a_o spaniard_n be_v a_o prudent_a man_n endeavour_v to_o mitigate_v he_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o to_o proceed_v against_o a_o man_n of_o such_o reputation_n for_o a_o cause_n so_o abhor_v by_o the_o world_n can_v not_o bring_v forth_o a_o good_a effect_n but_o whilst_o the_o pope_n study_v to_o show_v his_o resentment_n robert_n fall_v sick_a and_o to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o life_n hold_v the_o same_o reason_n and_o die_v with_o a_o opinion_n of_o holiness_n and_o it_o be_v fame_v that_o he_o wrought_v miracle_n the_o pope_n hear_v of_o his_o death_n cause_v a_o process_n to_o be_v form_v for_o the_o king_n to_o dis-int_a the_o dead_a man_n corpse_n but_o the_o night_n follow_v in_o a_o vision_n or_o in_o a_o dream_n he_o have_v robert_n in_o pontifical_a robe_n who_o rebuke_v he_o for_o persecute_v his_o memory_n and_o smite_v he_o on_o the_o flank_n with_o the_o butt-end_n of_o his_o crosier-staff_n the_o pope_n awake_v with_o a_o excessive_a pain_n in_o that_o place_n which_o afflict_v he_o unto_o his_o death_n that_o happen_v within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o in_o the_o year_n 1258_o alexander_n the_o four_o excommunicate_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o like_a cause_n who_o persevere_v in_o his_o deliberation_n 156._o n._n 156._o endure_v the_o persecution_n with_o much_o patience_n and_o draw_v near_o to_o his_o death_n write_v a_o very_a prudent_a letter_n to_o the_o pape_n exhort_v he_o to_o imitate_v his_o holy_a predecessor_n and_o to_o take_v away_o the_o damageable_a novelty_n from_o the_o church_n and_o from_o his_o own_o soul_n he_o die_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o saint_n and_o a_o martyr_n in_o these_o time_n it_o be_v likewise_o necessary_a in_o france_n to_o make_v a_o provision_n which_o i_o shall_v relate_v after_o have_v give_v notice_n that_o for_o these_o and_o for_o other_o impediment_n which_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o bishop_n oppose_v against_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o court_n which_o never_o think_v of_o give_v over_o for_o clement_n the_o four_o in_o the_o year_n 1266_o resolve_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n whereby_o he_o or_o his_o successor_n may_v declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v absolute_a patron_n in_o all_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n throughout_o the_o world_n and_o remove_v the_o necessity_n of_o find_v out_o way_n and_o art_n to_o draw_v the_o collation_n unto_o rome_n and_o make_v a_o bull_n which_o conclude_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o vacanti_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la say_v that_o the_o collation_n of_o they_o by_o a_o ancient_a custom_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n and_o therefore_o he_o approve_v of_o this_o custom_n and_o will_v it_o to_o be_v observe_v 157._o n._n 157._o but_o to_o conclude_v this_o alone_a so_o much_o a_o hyppothetical_a premium_fw-la can_v do_v in_o say_v that_o although_o the_o plenary_a disposal_n of_o all_o benefice_n hippotetico_n premio_fw-la hippotetico_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n so_o that_o he_o may_v not_o only_o confer_v they_o when_o they_o become_v vacant_a but_o he_o may_v also_o before_o vacancy_n grant_v a_o right_n for_o the_o acquire_v of_o they_o nevertheless_o the_o ancient_a custom_n have_v more_o especial_o reserve_v the_o vacanti_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la wherefore_o we_o approve_v of_o that_o custom_n if_o the_o pope_n have_v make_v a_o conclude_a edict_n that_o the_o disposal_n of_o all_o benefice_n belong_v to_o he_o the_o world_n will_v have_v stir_v in_o it_o and_o as_o well_o the_o clergyman_n as_o prince_n and_o other_o lay-patron_n will_v have_v declare_v their_o reason_n but_o this_o proposition_n be_v put_v into_o a_o conditional_a without_o a_o conclusion_n go_v on_o easy_o without_o any_o notice_n take_v of_o how_o much_o it_o may_v import_n but_o two_o year_n after_o that_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1268_o without_o have_v any_o respect_n unto_o this_o bull_n 158._o n._n 158._o st._n lewis_n king_n of_o france_n see_v that_o the_o provision_n make_v by_o the_o queen_n regent_n his_o mother_n during_o his_o minority_n and_o during_o his_o absence_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o remove_v the_o confusion_n introduce_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o benefice_n sanction_n pragmatic_n sanction_n make_v his_o famous_a pragmatic_n wherein_o he_o command_v that_o cathedral_n church_n shall_v have_v their_o election_n free_a and_o the_o monastery_n likewise_o that_o all_o other_o benefice_n shall_v be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o no_o imposition_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n can_v be_v levy_v upon_o benefice_n without_o his_o consent_n and_o the_o church_n of_o his_o kingdom_n this_o holy_a king_n go_v into_o africa_n against_o the_o moor_n and_o his_o death_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1270_o and_o the_o need_v the_o house_n of_o anjou_n have_v of_o the_o pope_n favour_n to_o settle_v his_o kingdom_n in_o naples_n and_o to_o recover_v that_o of_o sicily_n and_o the_o power_n which_o the_o pope_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n of_o impose_v tithe_n under_o pretext_n of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v cause_n that_o the_o french_a easy_o permit_v the_o court_n of_o rome_n to_o regain_v the_o same_o authority_n 159._o n._n 159._o whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1398_o boniface_n the_o 8_o place_v the_o constitution_n of_o clement_n in_o the_o decretal_n and_o make_v that_o that_o which_o be_v say_v hyppothetical_o and_o incidental_o become_v the_o principal_a and_o to_o give_v it_o the_o great_a authority_n he_o expose_v under_o the_o name_n of_o clement_n leave_v it_o dubious_a whether_o it_o be_v the_o four_o or_o the_o 3d._n therefore_o now_o in_o some_o copy_n it_o be_v read_v the_o 3d_o in_o other_o the_o four_o for_o which_o cause_n this_o proposition_n be_v give_v to_o be_v believe_v at_o first_o i._n e._n that_o the_o plenary_a disposal_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n which_o be_v pretend_v to_o be_v mean_v in_o a_o sense_n not_o altogether_o pervert_v which_o be_v that_o the_o pope_n shall_v have_v full_a power_n but_o yet_o 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be_v go_v to_o rome_n for_o beneficial_a cause_n three_o year_n after_o the_o pragmatica_fw-la be_v restore_v by_o the_o same_o king_n sixtus_n the_o four_o than_o oppose_v he_o and_o make_v a_o agreement_n to_o destroy_v it_o which_o be_v still_o to_o be_v find_v but_o they_o will_v not_o receive_v it_o and_o the_o pragmatica_fw-la remain_v innocent_n the_o 8_o alexander_n the_o 6_o and_o julius_n the_o second_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o abolish_v it_o but_o can_v never_o obtain_v it_o final_o leo_n the_o 10_o make_v a_o agreement_n with_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o again_o and_o take_v away_o again_o by_o which_o the_o pragmatica_fw-la be_v take_v away_o and_o it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o power_n of_o choose_v bishop_n and_o abbot_n shall_v be_v quite_o take_v away_o from_o the_o chapter_n of_o cathedral_n church_n and_o from_o the_o conventual_n but_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n become_v vacant_a the_o king_n may_v name_v a_o fit_a person_n on_o who_o the_o pope_n be_v to_o 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overcome_v and_o the_o agreement_n be_v proclaim_v in_o france_n and_o put_v in_o execution_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o after_o so_o many_o pope_n from_o the_o year_n 1076_o unto_o 1150_o strive_v by_o the_o excommunicate_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o person_n and_o by_o the_o death_n of_o innumerable_a more_o to_o take_v from_o prince_n the_o confer_v of_o bishopric_n and_o give_v the_o election_n to_o the_o chapter_n contrariwise_a pius_n the_o second_o with_o five_o of_o his_o successor_n have_v strive_v to_o take_v the_o election_n from_o the_o chapter_n of_o france_n and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o king_n and_o leo_n the_o 10_o do_v obtain_v it_o at_o last_o 209._o n._n 209._o thus_o the_o alteration_n of_o interest_n bear_v along_o with_o it_o the_o change_n and_o contrariety_n of_o doctrine_n some_o speculative_a man_n have_v account_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o to_o be_v because_o the_o example_n that_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o clergy_n may_v confer_v may_v keep_v alive_a the_o practice_n and_o the_o most_o general_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n contrary_a to_o the_o modern_a other_o because_o it_o be_v still_o more_o easy_a to_o take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o king_n who_o may_v be_v of_o a_o weak_a spirit_n or_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o pope_n than_o from_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n king_n francis_n make_v many_o law_n beside_o to_o regulate_v the_o possessory_n of_o benefice_n and_o the_o agreement_n be_v observe_v by_o he_o but_o the_o execution_n be_v interrupt_v for_o some_o year_n by_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o second_o when_o he_o be_v in_o war_n with_o pope_n julius_n the_o 3d_o because_o of_o parma_n wherefore_o in_o the_o year_n 1550_o the_o king_n prohibit_v that_o any_o provision_n of_o the_o pope_n benefice_n shall_v be_v receive_v and_o command_v that_o all_o shall_v be_v confer_v by_o the_o ordinary_n but_o peace_n be_v make_v all_o be_v compose_v and_o the_o observance_n of_o the_o agreement_n return_v but_o in_o the_o year_n 1560_o the_o state_n be_v hold_v at_o orleans_n in_o charles_n the_o 9th_n minority_n where_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n be_v regulate_v 210._o n._n 210._o and_o many_o thing_n abolish_v which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o agreement_n great_a confusion_n and_o war_n happen_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o cardinal_n of_o ferrara_n be_v send_v legate_n into_o france_n who_o obtain_v that_o the_o ordinance_n of_o orleans_n shall_v be_v supersede_v with_o a_o promise_n that_o the_o pope_n within_o a_o short_a time_n shall_v provide_v against_o the_o abuse_n for_o which_o the_o ordinance_n be_v make_v of_o which_o nothing_o be_v do_v afterward_o so_o that_o now_o the_o concordate_n remain_v thus_o go_v the_o affair_n in_o germany_n and_o in_o france_n but_o the_o state_n of_o italy_n which_o we_o have_v late_o describe_v be_v great_o alter_v by_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n which_o make_v several_a decree_n on_o this_o matter_n to_o provide_v against_o the_o abuse_n abovesaid_a then_o reign_v and_o although_o from_o its_o beginning_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1547_o it_o begin_v to_o attend_v these_o correction_n and_o make_v many_o decree_n which_o be_v not_o put_v in_o execution_n until_o after_o the_o end_n of_o it_o which_o be_v anno._n 1563_o wherefore_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o all_o the_o provision_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v unto_o this_o time_n 211._o n._n 211._o it_o be_v the_o intent_n of_o this_o council_n to_o remedy_v three_o thing_n first_o the_o plurality_n of_o benefice_n second_o absence_n 1_o plurality_n 2_o hereditary_a succession_n 3_o absence_n hereditary_a succession_n three_o the_o absence_n of_o beneficiated_n man_n and_o to_o prohibit_v all_o kind_n of_o plurality_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o one_o although_o he_o be_v a_o cardinal_n can_v not_o have_v more_o than_o one_o benefice_n but_o if_o that_o be_v so_o small_a that_o it_o may_v not_o serve_v or_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o beneficy_v he_o may_v have_v one_o more_o which_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v without_o cure_n of_o soul_n it_o prohibit_v the_o commendum_n of_o benefice_n curati_fw-la ad_fw-la vitam_fw-la which_o be_v a_o pretence_n to_o make_v a_o man_n obtain_v two_o it_o ordain_v also_o that_o monastery_n for_o the_o future_a shall_v not_o be_v commend_v and_o those_o that_o be_v so_o till_o then_o when_o they_o become_v vacant_a shall_v be_v reduce_v into_o a_o title_n it_o prohibit_v also_o the_o union_n ad_fw-la vitam_fw-la which_o be_v another_o pretext_n of_o give_v divers_a benefice_n under_o the_o name_n of_o one_o it_o prohibit_v total_o the_o regress_n and_o the_o access_n to_o take_v away_o succession_n it_o prohibit_v also_o the_o coadjutorship_n with_o future_a succession_n absolute_o except_v in_o cathedrals_n and_o monastery_n wherein_o be_v admonish_v 212._o n._n 212._o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o pope_n but_o for_o just_a cause_n but_o the_o prohibition_n be_v without_o effect_n in_o the_o 14_o last_o month_n residency_n be_v treat_v with_o some_o contention_n residency_n residency_n because_o there_o be_v spring_v up_o a_o question_n among_o the_o doctor_n a_o little_a before_o whether_o the_o residency_n of_o bishop_n and_o of_o other_o curate_n in_o their_o church_n be_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la divino_fw-la or_o canonic_a for_o which_o cause_n the_o council_n be_v divide_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o in_o april_n anno_fw-la 1562._o a_o scrutiny_n be_v make_v of_o the_o number_n of_o both_o party_n there_o 67_o find_v who_o opinion_n it_o be_v the_o jure_fw-la divino_fw-la 33_o who_o opinion_v it_o to_o be_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la positivo_fw-la and_o 30_o who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o point_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v decide_v without_o first_o treat_v with_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o first_o number_n be_v the_o northern_a man_n and_o other_o cast-off_a bishop_n on_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o the_o dependent_n on_o the_o court._n if_o residency_n shall_v have_v be_v make_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la divino_fw-la it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o pope_n can_v not_o have_v be_v able_a to_o dispense_v it_o but_o that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n also_o will_v have_v be_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la divino_fw-la and_o no_o man_n be_v able_a to_o restrain_v it_o 213._o n._n 213._o these_o be_v thing_n which_o squint_v at_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o court_n greatness_n wherefore_o the_o opinion_n be_v maintain_v by_o both_o party_n with_o much_o boldness_n the_o business_n come_v to_o practice_n so_o that_o after_o fourteen_o month_n residency_n be_v command_v yet_o not_o declare_v quo_fw-la jure_fw-la the_o curate_n shall_v be_v oblige_v only_a penalty_n be_v enjoin_v upon_o non-residents_a as_o to_o other_o thing_n they_o be_v leave_v in_o their_o first_o estate_n or_o condition_n but_o those_o who_o be_v at_o
treat_v and_o speak_v follow_v not_o that_o which_o he_o be_v inward_o sensible_a of_o the_o clerk_n or_o clergyman_n be_v become_v administrator_n of_o these_o good_n by_o law_n which_o have_v grant_v unto_o christian_a college_n the_o power_n of_o acquire_v estate_n 227._o n._n 227._o both_o by_o will_n and_o donation_n of_o those_o who_o have_v bequeath_v their_o good_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n which_o the_o church_n have_v give_v unto_o the_o say_a clergy_n in_o the_o canon_n therefore_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o govern_v and_o to_o dispense_v these_o estate_n according_a to_o the_o law_n disposition_n donation_n and_o testamentary_a disposition_n and_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n and_o that_o which_o may_v be_v do_v contrary_a to_o it_o can_v be_v call_v otherwise_o than_o injustice_n injury_n and_o usurpation_n the_o canonist_n say_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v most_o full_a power_n over_o the_o good_n and_o benefice_n ecclesiastical_a so_o that_o he_o may_v conjoin_v they_o diminish_v they_o erect_v new_a one_o give_v they_o ad_fw-la nutum_fw-la confer_v they_o before_o they_o become_v vacant_a lay_v upon_o they_o servitude_n burden_n and_o pension_n and_o general_o that_o in_o beneficial_a matter_n the_o pope_n will_n be_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o reason_n or_o right_o this_o suffice_v not_o but_o they_o add_v that_o the_o pope_n may_v alter_v or_o transform_v into_o other_o work_n the_o legacy_n ad_fw-la pias_fw-la causas_fw-la and_o may_v alter_v the_o disposition_n of_o testator_n apply_v that_o to_o another_o which_o they_o shall_v have_v appoint_v for_o a_o pious_a work_n and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o this_o be_v the_o practice_n which_o have_v change_v all_o the_o government_n and_o all_o the_o ancient_a institution_n 228._o n._n 228._o but_o it_o remain_v still_o in_o doubt_n who_o do_v amiss_o and_o err_v the_o ancient_a or_o the_o modern_a if_o so_o much_o as_o a_o doubt_n may_v happen_v martin_n navarr_n with_o some_o of_o the_o more_o moderate_a canonist_n limit_n this_o proposition_n that_o the_o pope_n may_v alter_v the_o last_o will_n only_o restrain_v when_o there_o be_v a_o lawful_a cause_n of_o do_v it_o which_o otherwise_o will_v be_v to_o deprive_v a_o man_n of_o his_o own_o and_o of_o the_o power_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o by_o the_o divine_a law_n come_v down_o also_o to_o this_o particular_a that_o the_o pope_n can_v without_o cause_n give_v that_o to_o one_o church_n which_o be_v leave_v unto_o another_o therefore_o how_o much_o less_o unto_o person_n not_o call_v navarrus_n say_v also_o that_o the_o say_n of_o the_o gloss_n approve_v by_o the_o canonist_n that_o be_v in_o beneficial_a matter_n the_o pope_n will_n be_v instead_o and_o take_v the_o place_n of_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o in_o thing_n which_o be_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la positivo_fw-la but_o not_o in_o that_o which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o disagree_v with_o natural_a and_o divine_a law_n and_o those_o who_o give_v no_o unlimited_a power_n unto_o the_o pope_n 229._o n._n 229._o will_v also_o exclude_v the_o canon_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n not_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o absurdity_n that_o in_o a_o matter_n of_o such_o importance_n the_o universal_a church_n shall_v have_v err_v and_o do_v amiss_o and_o that_o the_o court_n shall_v do_v upright_o the_o say_v navarrus_n add_v further_a that_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o clementines_n that_o the_o free_a disposal_n of_o benefice_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n the_o word_n free_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v understand_v without_o licence_n leave_v or_o consent_v and_o notwithstanding_o the_o contradiction_n of_o any_o man_n soever_o but_o yet_o without_o prejudice_n of_o the_o three_o if_o we_o shall_v admit_v of_o this_o exposition_n as_o it_o seem_v convenient_a to_o be_v admit_v there_o will_v be_v see_v a_o great_a opposition_n to_o reservation_n because_o they_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o give_n of_o benefice_n unto_o stranger_n because_o it_o be_v with_o prejudice_n to_o those_o of_o the_o country_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o will_n be_v make_v and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v very_o favourable_a to_o the_o pretention_n to_o have_v power_n or_o to_o be_v able_a to_o alter_v the_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o decease_a i_o know_v well_o that_o other_o answer_v to_o this_o that_o all_o be_v true_a 230._o n._n 230._o when_o there_o be_v no_o legitimate_a cause_n but_o the_o point_n be_v who_o shall_v be_v judge_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o cause_n for_o if_o it_o belong_v to_o himself_o who_o authority_n be_v to_o be_v restrain_v it_o be_v as_o good_a to_o give_v he_o the_o absolute_a authority_n as_o that_o which_o be_v limit_v with_o a_o lawful_a cause_n unless_o the_o law_n be_v above_o it_o navarrus_n add_v very_o notable_a thing_n say_v that_o in_o our_o age_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o jurisconsult_v which_o expatiate_v so_o much_o the_o papal_a power_n in_o beneficial_a matter_n be_v in_o much_o credit_n to_o please_v those_o who_o be_v ambitious_a of_o many_o benefice_n which_o they_o accept_v as_o fit_v for_o their_o ambition_n and_o covetousness_n who_o hear_v a_o divine_a say_v public_o and_o a_o famous_a canonist_n that_o they_o will_v willing_o accept_v of_o all_o the_o benefice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o the_o pope_n will_v bestow_v they_o upon_o they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a pius_fw-la quintus_fw-la tell_v they_o that_o the_o jurisconsult_v be_v wont_a to_o attribute_v more_o power_n than_o convenient_a to_o the_o pope_n whereto_o he_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v some_o also_o which_o do_v not_o extol_v but_o that_o it_o behoove_v to_o walk_v in_o the_o middle_a way_n have_v respect_n unto_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n together_o 231._o n._n 231._o not_o do_v like_o the_o modern_a jurisconsult_v who_o magnify_v humane_a law_n so_o much_o that_o they_o answer_v against_o the_o divine_a however_o i_o intend_v not_o to_o contradict_v the_o opinion_n which_o give_v so_o much_o power_n for_o the_o reverence_n due_a to_o the_o pope_n of_o who_o be_v treat_v although_o it_o comprehend_v not_o how_o it_o agree_v with_o divinity_n and_o with_o reason_n i_o shall_v only_o propose_v some_o difficulty_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v promoted_n by_o writer_n on_o such_o a_o opinion_n which_o when_o they_o shall_v have_v resolve_v truth_n in_o this_o matter_n will_v be_v most_o clear_a and_o first_o if_o the_o pope_n have_v such_o a_o ample_a authority_n who_o have_v give_v it_o he_o not_o christ_n because_o the_o authority_n give_v by_o he_o be_v only_o be_v spiritual_a thing_n for_o lose_v and_o for_o bind_v that_o be_v for_o remit_v and_o for_o retain_v of_o sin_n and_o then_o the_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n be_v possess_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la hamano_n and_o not_o divino_fw-la and_o for_o such_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v above_o and_o therefore_o he_o have_v not_o receive_v this_o power_n from_o god_n much_o less_o from_o the_o law_n of_o prince_n from_o testamentary_a disposition_n 232._o n._n 232._o nor_o from_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n because_o all_o these_o have_v give_v the_o administration_n to_o the_o clergyman_n of_o each_o church_n over_o the_o estate_n and_o benefice_n thereof_o and_o prescribed_o also_o with_o limit_a condition_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v alter_v therefore_o he_o have_v it_o not_o from_o these_o there_o be_v no_o other_o patron_n in_o be_v nor_o none_o can_v have_v authority_n unless_o grant_v by_o these_o therefore_o it_o remain_v to_o be_v consider_v from_o whence_o and_o by_o what_o other_o way_n it_o have_v be_v give_v he_o to_o this_o doubt_v a_o second_o may_v be_v add_v if_o the_o pope_n have_v this_o authority_n what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o his_o predecessor_n for_o a_o thousand_o year_n and_o more_o have_v never_o exercise_v any_o nor_o any_o ancient_a doctor_n nor_o council_n nor_o 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make_v collection_n for_o other_o poor_a church_n also_o for_o which_o cause_n st._n james_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n john_n when_o they_o acknowledge_v st._n paul_n and_o st._n barnabas_n for_o consort_n and_o companion_n in_o the_o gospel_n they_o recommend_v this_o work_n unto_o they_o to_o collect_v some_o alm_n for_o the_o poor_a church_n of_o jerusalem_n for_o which_o st._n paul_n also_o mention_n the_o have_v make_v a_o collection_n in_o macedonia_n in_o achaia_n in_o galatia_n and_o in_o corinth_n and_o this_o custom_n be_v observe_v not_o only_o during_o the_o apostle_n life_n time_n but_o also_o after_o their_o death_n and_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n where_o riches_n be_v plenty_n the_o offering_n also_o be_v abundant_a 12._o n._n 12._o for_o about_o the_o year_n 150_o they_o not_o only_o serve_v to_o maintain_v the_o clerk_n and_o poor_a christian_n of_o that_o city_n but_o also_o to_o administer_v abundant_o unto_o other_o church_n not_o only_o to_o the_o neighbour_a but_o also_o to_o those_o at_o a_o distance_n give_v food_n in_o divers_a province_n unto_o poor_a and_o miserable_a christian_n condemn_v to_o prison_n and_o to_o work_v in_o mine_n and_o to_o show_v the_o abundance_n of_o the_o oblation_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v this_o that_o martion_n about_o the_o year_n 170_o 170._o martion_n ao._n 170._o make_v a_o oblation_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n at_o one_o time_n of_o 5000_o crown_n of_o gold_n and_o because_o he_o have_v certain_a opinion_n not_o convenient_a in_o matter_n of_o faith_n he_o be_v expel_v from_o the_o congregation_n and_o all_o the_o money_n restore_v to_o he_o that_o holy_a church_n esteem_v itself_o pollute_v in_o retain_v the_o good_n of_o a_o heretic_n afterward_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n increase_v so_o in_o treasure_n that_o after_o 220_o year_n the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v desirous_a of_o they_o prince_n ao._n 220._o decius_n the_o prince_n whereupon_o prince_n decius_n arrest_v st._n lanrence_n a_o roman_a deacon_n to_o take_v the_o ecclesiastical_a treasure_n from_o he_o they_o be_v grow_v so_o copious_a but_o that_o prince_n be_v mistake_v 13._o n._n 13._o believe_v that_o the_o treasure_n be_v collect_v and_o preserve_v for_o that_o holy_a deacon_n be_v aware_a of_o the_o tyrant_n greediness_n and_o foresee_v the_o imminent_a persecution_n bestow_v all_o at_o one_o time_n as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v in_o such_o like_a danger_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o persecution_n make_v against_o the_o church_n after_o the_o death_n of_o commodus_n be_v for_o that_o cause_n that_o be_v because_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o governor_n find_v themselves_o short_a of_o money_n be_v willing_a to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n stock_n that_o way_n after_o the_o church_n be_v enrich_v the_o clerk_n also_o begin_v to_o live_v more_o at_o ease_n and_o some_o not_o be_v content_a with_o the_o ordinary_a daily_a food_n of_o the_o church_n will_v live_v separately_z in_o their_o own_o house_n and_o receive_v from_o the_o church_n their_o separate_a proportion_n in_o money_n every_o day_n or_o for_o a_o month_n together_o and_o long_o a_o thing_n which_o although_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o primitive_a perfection_n 14._o n._n 14._o be_v nevertheless_o tolerate_v by_o the_o father_n beside_o the_o disorder_n do_v not_o stand_v at_o this_o stay_n but_o the_o bishop_n begin_v to_o fail_v the_o poor_a in_o their_o usual_a alm_n and_o to_o keep_v for_o themselves_o that_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v distribute_v grow_v rich_a with_o the_o common_a good_n of_o the_o church_n deal_v in_o usury_n for_o to_o increase_v they_o and_o leave_v off_o the_o care_n of_o teach_v the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n all_o busy_v themselves_o in_o covetousness_n which_o thing_n st._n cyprian_n lament_v that_o they_o be_v practise_v in_o his_o time_n and_o conclude_v that_o god_n to_o purge_v his_o church_n of_o these_o error_n may_v permit_v that_o great_a persecution_n which_o be_v under_o the_o empire_n of_o decius_n because_o his_o divine_a majesty_n have_v always_o reform_v his_o church_n either_o mild_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o lawful_a magistrate_n or_o when_o the_o excess_n be_v go_v too_o far_o by_o the_o instrument_n of_o persecution_n but_o although_o the_o church_n possess_v so_o much_o wealth_n first_o no_o stable_a good_n at_o first_o yet_o it_o have_v no_o settle_a or_o stable_a good_n first_o 15._o n._n 15._o because_o they_o care_v not_o for_o any_o upon_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a for_o they_o esteem_v the_o end_n to_o be_v at_o hand_n and_o all_o worldly_a thing_n to_o be_v transitory_a and_o of_o a_o great_a weight_n for_o one_o who_o tend_v towards_o heaven_n and_o again_o because_o no_o society_n college_n communality_n nor_o corporation_n according_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n can_v be_v give_v to_o bequeath_v or_o have_v leave_v by_o will_n any_o good_n immovable_a nor_o for_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o can_v possess_v the_o same_o unless_o it_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o the_o senate_n or_o by_o the_o prince_n neither_o can_v this_o be_v doubt_v of_o although_o some_o epistle_n go_v about_o under_o the_o name_n of_o old_a pope_n which_o give_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o apostle_n shall_v sell_v their_o possession_n in_o judea_n and_o the_o succeed_a christian_n shall_v preserve_v they_o by_o say_v that_o be_v because_o the_o apostle_n foresee_v that_o the_o christian_a church_n ought_v not_o to_o remain_v in_o judea_n but_o indeed_o among_o the_o gentile_n as_o if_o in_o the_o gospel_n the_o cause_n of_o sell_v be_v not_o express_o show_v when_o christ_n say_v to_o his_o church_n fear_v not_o o_o little_a flock_n 16._o n._n 16._o sell_v what_o you_o possess_v and_o give_v alm_n that_o although_o jerusalem_n be_v destroy_v at_o its_o building_n again_o there_o may_v be_v a_o abundance_n of_o christian_n and_o yet_o have_v not_o be_v destroy_v in_o the_o city_n where_o the_o church_n among_o the_o gentile_n have_v possession_n but_o labour_v to_o show_v this_o falsehood_n be_v superfluous_a be_v a_o certain_a thing_n that_o these_o epistle_n be_v suppositious_a 800._o ao._n 800._o and_o be_v frame_v about_o the_o year_n 800_o by_o those_o who_o prefer_v as_o be_v still_o do_v at_o this_o present_a riches_n and_o pomp_n to_o the_o apostolical_a moderation_n institute_v and_o command_v by_o christ_n but_o the_o confusion_n which_o be_v much_o continue_v in_o the_o empire_n after_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o valerianus_n the_o law_n be_v but_o little_o observe_v chief_o in_o africa_n in_o france_n and_o in_o italy_n some_o left_a or_o give_v stable_a good_n to_o the_o church_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 302_o be_v all_o confiscate_v by_o diocletian_a and_o maximian_n though_o in_o france_n the_o emperor_n decree_n be_v not_o execute_v by_o the_o bounty_n of_o constance_n cloro_n caesar_n who_o govern_v it_o but_o these_o prince_n have_v renounce_v the_o empire_n eight_o year_n after_o maxentius_n restore_v all_o the_o possession_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o a_o little_a after_o constantine_n 17._o n._n 17._o and_o licinius_n grant_v freedom_n of_o religion_n to_o the_o christian_n approve_v of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a college_n call_v church_n grant_v general_o throughout_o the_o empire_n that_o they_o may_v gain_v or_o acquire_v stable_a good_n as_o well_o by_o gift_n as_o by_o testament_n exempt_n also_o the_o clergy_n from_o personal_a public_a service_n ecclesiastic_n exemption_n of_o ecclesiastic_n that_o they_o may_v attend_v the_o duty_n of_o religion_n more_o commodious_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o time_n of_o give_v or_o of_o leave_v one_o estate_n to_o the_o church_n with_o a_o special_a obligation_n of_o some_o particular_a work_n as_o of_o building_n of_o marry_v young_a damsel_n of_o provide_v for_o orphan_n or_o other_o neither_o with_o obligation_n to_o mass_n anniverssary_n or_o to_o other_o ecclesiastical_a office_n be_v not_o then_o in_o account_n nor_o in_o use_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o but_o person_n give_v or_o bequeath_v absolute_o and_o the_o gift_n or_o legacy_n be_v incorporate_v into_o the_o common_a mass_n 18._o n._n 18._o which_o be_v the_o stock_n for_o the_o expense_n of_o all_o pious_a work_n wherefore_o speak_v of_o ancient_a ecclesiastical_a good_n it_o be_v most_o true_a that_o they_o be_v not_o dedicate_v to_o any_o particular_a work_n but_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o they_o may_v be_v lay_v out_o in_o what_o a_o man_n will_v but_o in_o the_o generality_n of_o pious_a work_n only_o the_o exemption_n which_o prince_n grant_v unto_o ecclesiastical_a good_n free_v they_o from_o public_a contribution_n be_v a_o great_a increase_n to_o they_o good_n exemption_n of_o ecclesiastical_a good_n and_o it_o be_v former_o observe_v every_o where_o inviolable_o with_o great_a satisfaction_n to_o prince_n and_o with_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o people_n 19_o n._n 19_o
for_o it_o prove_v not_o dammageble_a to_o the_o public_a nor_o burdensome_a to_o the_o commonalty_n for_o two_o reason_n one_o because_o ecclesiastical_a good_n be_v final_o the_o poors_z of_o the_o people_n and_o exempt_n those_o who_o have_v not_o and_o leave_v the_o contribution_n to_o those_o who_o have_v wherewithal_o be_v always_o account_v just_a the_o other_o because_o exempt_v a_o man_n when_o he_o have_v little_a and_o less_o than_o what_o suffice_v be_v no_o burden_n unto_o other_o nevertheless_o no_o man_n shall_v infer_v that_o the_o same_o liberality_n of_o prince_n towards_o the_o church_n will_v be_v just_a and_o convenient_a in_o these_o time_n also_o when_o it_o be_v grow_v so_o rich_a that_o it_o possess_v a_o quarter_n and_o without_o doubt_n more_o than_o what_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o person_n and_o this_o be_v not_o lay_v out_o any_o long_o for_o the_o poor_a so_o that_o to_o exempt_a they_o will_v be_v contrary_a to_o what_o good_a prince_n have_v do_v in_o exempt_v the_o rich_a and_o in_o lay_v their_o due_a burden_n on_o the_o poor_a wherefore_o the_o prince_n at_o present_a be_v no_o less_o pious_a than_o those_o then_o but_o the_o subject_n be_v different_a for_o these_o will_v also_o grant_v exemption_n to_o the_o church_n if_o it_o be_v poor_a and_o those_o will_v not_o have_v grant_v it_o if_o it_o have_v be_v rich._n the_o great_a devotion_n of_o prince_n and_o of_o the_o people_n as_o it_o cause_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o increase_v abundant_o so_o it_o excite_v a_o great_a thirst_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n to_o multiply_v it_o or_o heap_v it_o up_o from_o which_o excess_n not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o well-minded_a man_n be_v free_a for_o see_v how_o the_o distribution_n of_o ecclesiastical_a good_n fall_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n 20._o n._n 20._o and_o to_o the_o common_a good_a they_o conclude_v that_o the_o more_o the_o church_n have_v to_o distribute_v the_o better_a it_o be_v whereupon_o they_o make_v use_v of_o all_o way_n and_o of_o all_o art_n to_o gain_v wealth_n not_o consider_v whether_o the_o mean_v they_o use_v be_v lawful_a and_o suitable_a unto_o equity_n so_o that_o if_o the_o effect_n do_v but_o ensue_v viz._n that_o the_o church_n may_v gain_v by_o any_o mean_n whatsoever_o she_o seem_v to_o have_v make_v a_o sacrifice_n unto_o god_n and_o certain_o immense_a and_o innumerable_a evil_n proceed_v from_o this_o sort_n of_o zealous_a person_n who_o do_v not_o use_v discretion_n with_o their_o zeal_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o that_o every_o thing_n send_v for_o a_o religious_a end_n by_o what_o way_n soever_o to_o be_v good_a they_o oftentimes_o act_n against_o piety_n and_o against_o humanity_n put_v the_o world_n into_o a_o confusion_n thus_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n that_o the_o church_n obtain_v power_n to_o acquire_v real_a estate_n it_o be_v believe_v by_o some_o religious_a man_n to_o be_v a_o service_n of_o god_n to_o deprive_v their_o own_o child_n and_o kindred_n to_o give_v to_o the_o church_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o they_o omit_v no_o art_n to_o induce_v widow_n damsel_n 21._o n._n 21._o and_o other_o easy_a person_n to_o deprive_v their_o own_o family_n to_o leave_v to_o the_o church_n the_o disorder_n pass_v so_o speedy_o the_o bound_n of_o be_v overcome_v that_o the_o prince_n be_v necessitate_v to_o provide_v against_o it_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 370_o 370._o statute_n of_o mortmain_n ao._n 370._o a_o law_n be_v make_v which_o although_o it_o do_v not_o deprive_v the_o church_n from_o acquire_v or_o purchase_v absolute_o yet_o it_o prohibit_v the_o clergy_n from_o go_v unto_o widow_n house_n and_o orphan_n and_o from_o receive_v by_o gift_n or_o by_o will_n any_o thing_n from_o woman_n not_o only_o direct_o but_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o any_o three_o person_n which_o law_n st._n hierome_n confess_v to_o have_v be_v a_o remedy_n against_o the_o corruption_n enter_v among_o the_o clergy_n and_o go_v too_o forward_o in_o the_o desire_n of_o get_v temporal_a estate_n neither_o do_v that_o suffice_v for_o within_o few_o year_n after_o that_o be_v in_o 390_o 390._o ao._n 390._o another_o law_n be_v make_v that_o a_o widow_n who_o devote_a herself_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n can_v not_o give_v or_o leave_v to_o it_o by_o will_v any_o real_a estate_n or_o precious_a householdstuff_n which_o be_v discourse_v of_o at_o large_a elsewhere_o this_o excess_n of_o get_v be_v not_o very_o please_v to_o st._n augustin_n 22._o n._n 22._o who_o live_v in_o those_o day_n for_o he_o open_o declare_v that_o it_o please_v he_o better_o that_o inheritance_n shall_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n than_o to_o the_o church_n and_o indeed_o he_o refuse_v some_o inheritance_n leave_v unto_o his_o church_n say_v open_o the_o ecclesiastical_a ministry_n consist_v not_o in_o distribute_v much_o but_o in_o distribute_v well_o likewise_o he_o reprove_v a_o new_a way_n the_o church_n have_v of_o purchase_v find_v out_o in_o those_o day_n which_o be_v buy_v real_a estate_n with_o the_o advance_v make_v upon_o the_o income_n or_o rent_n which_o way_n that_o holy_a man_n always_o abhor_v neither_o will_v he_o ever_o permit_v it_o in_o his_o church_n for_o he_o declare_v in_o his_o public_a sermon_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o live_v upon_o the_o oblation_n and_o collection_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n of_o the_o church_n than_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o possession_n which_o be_v burdensome_a to_o he_o and_o hinder_v he_o from_o attend_v entire_o upon_o the_o principal_a charge_n of_o a_o bishop_n that_o be_v of_o spiritual_a thing_n add_v further_o that_o he_o be_v prepare_v to_o renounce_v all_o possession_n 23._o n._n 23._o if_o a_o livelihood_n be_v provide_v for_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n and_o minister_n as_o in_o the_o old_a testament_n by_o way_n of_o tithe_n or_o of_o other_o oblation_n without_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o distraction_n which_o the_o care_n of_o earthly_a thing_n bring_v along_o with_o it_o but_o for_o all_o the_o check_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n through_o their_o good_a exhortation_n and_o of_o the_o prince_n by_o their_o good_a law_n the_o ecclesiastical_a good_n can_v not_o be_v hinder_v from_o increase_a above_o what_o they_o ought_v only_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o govern_v and_o of_o bestow_v they_o remain_v and_o last_v till_o the_o year_n 420_o without_o any_o notable_a alteration_n beside_o all_o the_o oblation_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a income_n proceed_v from_o real_a estate_n be_v in_o common_a and_o govern_v by_o the_o deacon_n by_o the_o subdeacon_n and_o by_o other_o steward_n be_v their_o assistant_n and_o distribute_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n and_o of_o the_o poor_a the_o college_n of_o priest_n and_o the_o bishop_n be_v principal_o the_o intendant_o and_o in_o short_a a_o account_n of_o all_o receipt_n and_o disbursment_n be_v keep_v so_o that_o the_o bishop_n dispose_v of_o every_o thing_n the_o deacon_n execute_v it_o 24._o n._n 24._o and_o all_o the_o clergy_n live_v upon_o what_o the_o church_n have_v although_o all_o do_v not_o administer_v st._n john_n chrisostome_n make_v mention_v that_o in_o those_o day_n the_o church_n of_o antioch_n feed_v above_o 3000_o person_n at_o the_o public_a expense_n it_o be_v also_o a_o thing_n certain_a that_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n bear_v the_o expense_n of_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o person_n which_o happen_v there_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v record_v in_o history_n that_o atticus_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n assist_v the_o church_n of_o nicaea_n in_o bythinia_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a concourse_n of_o poor_a people_n in_o that_o city_n which_o be_v number_v to_o 10000_o in_o one_o day_n but_o after_o france_n spain_n and_o africa_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o empire_n and_o erect_v into_o distinct_a kingdom_n and_o the_o succession_n of_o theodosius_n extinct_a italy_n after_o the_o inundation_n of_o divers_a barbarous_a people_n be_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n west_n division_n of_o the_o east_n from_o the_o west_n and_o the_o east_n divide_v from_o the_o west_n the_o church_n be_v also_o different_o govern_v the_o eastern_a church_n follow_v the_o common_a government_n already_o institute_v 25._o n._n 25._o in_o the_o western_a the_o bishop_n by_o administrator_n and_o superintendent_o begin_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_n and_o to_o govern_v the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n in_o a_o arbitrary_a manner_n from_o whence_o proceed_v a_o great_a confusion_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o say_a good_n and_o chief_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o building_n which_o fall_v to_o ruin_n and_o of_o the_o poor_a who_o be_v
leave_v by_o will_n which_o indeed_o be_v then_o spend_v by_o they_o in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o monk_n and_o in_o hospitality_n in_o school_n and_o education_n of_o youth_n and_o in_o other_o pious_a work_n the_o abbot_n tritemius_fw-la make_v account_n that_o the_o monastery_n of_o benedict_n in_o monks_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 15000_o 32._o n._n 32._o beside_o the_o prepositure_n and_o lesser_a convent_v prepositure_fw-fr prepositure_fw-fr the_o monk_n themselves_o choose_v their_o own_o abbot_n who_o govern_v they_o spiritual_o and_o rule_v also_o as_o well_o the_o good_n which_o come_v by_o the_o charitable_a offering_n of_o the_o faithful_a as_o of_o those_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o labour_n and_o art_n of_o the_o monk_n and_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n those_o also_o which_o come_v from_o settle_a revenue_n but_o the_o bishop_n in_o these_o day_n which_o succeed_v the_o year_n 500_o 500_o ao._n 500_o be_v become_v absolute_a dispensator_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o church_n good_n begin_v also_o to_o mind_n more_o temporal_a thing_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o to_o be_v follow_v in_o the_o city_n whereupon_o election_n be_v no_o more_o use_v as_o the_o end_n of_o divine_a service_n but_o with_o seditious_a practice_n proceed_v oftentimes_o from_o practice_n to_o public_a violence_n for_o which_o cause_n prince_n who_o until_o then_o take_v but_o little_a thought_n of_o who_o shall_v be_v elect_v unto_o this_o ministry_n begin_v to_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o it_o 33._o n._n 33._o be_v advertise_v by_o the_o holy_a man_n of_o those_o time_n that_o god_n have_v commit_v the_o protection_n of_o his_o church_n unto_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o ought_v by_o the_o command_n of_o his_o divine_a ministry_n to_o take_v such_o care_n that_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n shall_v be_v lawful_o manage_v the_o prince_n also_o see_v evident_o how_o great_a impediment_n be_v bring_v against_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o state_n and_o against_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o private_a interest_n of_o the_o ambitious_a clergy_n and_o by_o the_o seditious_a practice_n which_o they_o use_v to_o acquire_v ecclesiastical_a dignity_n whereupon_o partly_o out_o of_o divine_a respect_n and_o partly_o for_o human_a they_o begin_v to_o prevent_v the_o clergy_n and_o the_o laity_n from_o provide_v themselves_o after_o their_o way_n according_a to_o their_o affection_n as_o well_o because_o affair_n be_v alter_v and_o the_o bishopric_n no_o more_o shun_v but_o covet_v they_o make_v party_n from_o whence_o proceed_v sedition_n and_o sometime_o popular_a slaughter_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o concurrent_n as_o also_o because_o sometime_o factious_a person_n be_v choose_v for_o bishop_n who_o hold_v private_a intelligence_n with_o the_o prince_n enemy_n which_o be_v never_o want_v in_o the_o western_a confusion_n 34._o n._n 34._o and_o sometime_o person_n be_v choose_v who_o have_v gain_v a_o train_n of_o people_n attempt_v some_o design_n to_o attribute_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o magistrate_n to_o themselves_o and_o will_v stir_v up_o the_o people_n to_o defend_v their_o enterprise_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n ordain_v that_o no_o person_n elect_v shall_v be_v consecrate_a without_o their_o consent_n or_o the_o magistrate_n the_o prince_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o great_a bishopric_n as_o in_o italy_n of_o rome_n ravenna_n and_o of_o milan_n leave_v the_o lesser_a bishopric_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o minister_n but_o take_v more_o heed_n to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n than_o to_o the_o appearance_n when_o in_o a_o city_n there_o be_v a_o eminent_a subject_n know_v to_o the_o people_n to_o who_o all_o be_v incline_v ☞_o ☞_o and_o the_o prince_n satisfy_v that_o he_o please_v the_o people_n occurrenza_n occurrenza_n when_o a_o occurrence_n come_v he_o be_v consecrate_a without_o more_o ado_n sometime_o also_o there_o happen_v through_o accident_n of_o war_n or_o of_o plague_n that_o one_o have_v be_v ordain_v before_o he_o have_v the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o prince_n 35._o n._n 35._o as_o happen_v to_o pelagius_n the_o second_o predecessor_n to_o st._n gregory_n rome_n be_v besiege_a by_o the_o lombard_n after_o the_o siege_n be_v raise_v he_o send_v gregory_n who_o be_v then_o deacon_n to_o make_v excuse_n to_o the_o emperor_n beseech_v he_o to_o confirm_v what_o necessity_n have_v constrain_v he_o to_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n pope_n be_v elect_v and_o bishop_n in_o italy_n until_o the_o year_n 750_o 750._o ao._n 750._o with_o the_o imperial_a confirmation_n but_o in_o france_n and_o in_o other_o place_n beyond_o the_o alps_o the_o regal_a or_o the_o prince_n authority_n be_v herein_o more_o absolute_a for_o the_o people_n total_o desist_v from_o the_o election_n when_o the_o prince_n take_v it_o in_o hand_n good_a man_n forbear_v because_o believe_v themselves_o to_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o king_n esteem_v their_o intervention_n superfluous_a evil_a man_n because_o they_o be_v not_o certain_a of_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v their_o design_n to_o pass_v whereupon_o the_o king_n give_v the_o bishopric_n to_o they_o only_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n in_o all_o gregory_n turonensis_n '_o history_n from_o clodovius_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o france_n unto_o the_o year_n 590_o no_o bishop_n be_v know_v to_o be_v make_v but_o by_o the_o command_n or_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n 36._o n._n 36._o and_o st._n gregory_n who_o be_v make_v pope_n that_o year_n write_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o different_a occasion_n complain_v to_o they_o that_o the_o bishopric_n be_v not_o bestow_v on_o sufficient_a man_n and_o pray_v they_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o good_a and_o understand_a man_n he_o never_o reprehend_v the_o provision_n make_v by_o the_o king_n when_o the_o person_n provide_v be_v deserve_v as_o for_o bishop_n who_o be_v choose_v without_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o exclude_v they_o also_o from_o the_o election_n of_o priest_n deacon_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n reduce_v the_o power_n of_o nominate_v they_o to_o the_o prince_n only_o without_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o people_n part_n of_o they_o have_v withdraw_v themselves_o total_o from_o meddle_v in_o ecclesiastical_a congregation_n to_o attend_v their_o domestic_a affair_n other_o through_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o do_v arise_v among_o popular_a faction_n and_o some_o other_o for_o see_v themselves_o disrespect_a by_o the_o bishop_n grow_v potent_a as_o well_o by_o the_o riches_n he_o have_v to_o spend_v as_o by_o his_o dependence_n on_o the_o prince_n by_o who_o he_o be_v nominate_v to_o or_o confirm_v in_o the_o bishopric_n the_o prince_n sometime_o nominate_v those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v ordain_v 37._o n._n 37._o at_o other_o time_n he_o leave_v the_o care_n whole_o to_o the_o bishop_n chief_o when_o he_o be_v full_o confident_a which_o confidence_n be_v also_o cause_n that_o the_o prince_n oftentimes_o make_v use_n of_o the_o bishop_n either_o to_o compose_v difficalty_n among_o the_o people_n or_o to_o determine_v difficult_a cause_n the_o respect_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o be_v more_o believe_v than_o the_o magistrate_n whereupon_o they_o be_v more_o intent_n upon_o that_o than_o in_o teach_v the_o christian_a doctrine_n which_o at_o first_o be_v give_v they_o in_o charge_n therefore_o when_o make_v of_o a_o bishop_n be_v in_o question_n it_o behoove_v rather_o to_o have_v respect_n unto_o a_o wise_a wordling_n than_o unto_o one_o understanding_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n which_o remain_v still_o unto_o this_o time_n it_o be_v say_v that_o except_v the_o place_n border_v on_o the_o insidell_n it_o be_v better_a make_v a_o bishop_n of_o a_o good_a jurisconsult_a or_o lawyer_n than_o of_o a_o good_a divine_a and_o true_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a thing_n if_o the_o principal_a office_n of_o a_o bishop_n be_v to_o judge_v cause_n 38._o n._n 38._o christ_n our_o lord_n ordain_v his_o apostle_n say_v as_o my_o father_n have_v send_v i_o so_o send_v i_o you_o by_o which_o they_o understand_v to_o be_v send_v to_o teach_v if_o now_o all_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o need_n of_o it_o he_o may_v attend_v somewhat_o else_o heretofore_o the_o principal_a care_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o teach_v and_o the_o next_o to_o oversee_v the_o government_n of_o the_o poor_a so_o that_o in_o the_o second_o as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o first_o there_o be_v some_o relaxation_n and_o therefore_o in_o make_v the_o division_n into_o four_o part_n abovemention_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o good_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o those_o be_v they_o who_o divide_v after_o their_o way_n so_o that_o where_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o priest_n be_v conscionable_a man_n the_o division_n be_v just_o
make_v but_o where_o they_o do_v not_o forget_v themselves_o there_o be_v none_o to_o protect_v the_o poor_a and_o as_o few_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o building_n the_o share_n of_o these_o two_o be_v very_o small_a and_o in_o some_o place_n nothing_o belong_v to_o either_o of_o they_o but_o all_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o clergyman_n beside_o also_o where_o the_o division_n be_v make_v with_o due_a proportion_n nevertheless_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o building_n 39_o n._n 39_o and_o the_o share_n of_o the_o poor_a remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o clergy_n they_o come_v to_o diminish_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o the_o other_o two_o wax_v great_a which_o evident_o appear_v for_o that_o in_o very_a few_o place_n the_o building_n have_v any_o proper_a income_n and_o for_o the_o poor_a there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o the_o hospital_n which_o be_v of_o no_o ancient_a institution_n in_o the_o beginning_n the_o share_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v not_o divide_v among_o they_o but_o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o care_n of_o deal_n with_o each_o one_o according_a to_o his_o merit_n but_o afterward_o they_o take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o office_n of_o divide_v the_o bishop_n be_v exclude_v and_o they_o have_v their_o share_n where_o neither_o bishop_n nor_o other_o have_v to_o do_v they_o divide_v again_o among_o themselves_o so_o that_o each_o particular_a man_n begin_v to_o know_v his_o own_o and_o cease_v from_o live_v in_o common_a but_o although_o the_o rent_n or_o income_n be_v thus_o divide_v nevertheless_o all_o the_o stock_n or_o estate_n remain_v in_o one_o body_n govern_v by_o the_o deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n and_o the_o rent_n proceed_v from_o thence_o consign_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o to_o each_o one_o of_o the_o clergy_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o share_n and_o in_o italy_n in_o those_o time_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n be_v call_v patrimony_n patrimony_n n._n 40._o patrimony_n which_o i_o be_v willing_a to_o mention_v here_o that_o no_o man_n may_v think_v that_o this_o name_n may_v signify_v any_o supreme_a dominion_n or_o some_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n or_o of_o the_o pope_n the_o possession_n of_o each_o family_n which_o come_v from_o their_o ancestor_n in_o the_o time_n we_o speak_v of_o be_v call_v the_o patrimony_n thereof_o and_o that_o estate_n be_v call_v the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o prince_n which_o he_o have_v in_o propriety_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o patrimony_n of_o private_a man_n it_o be_v call_v sacrum_n patrimonium_fw-la as_o be_v read_v in_o many_o law_n of_o the_o 12_o of_o the_o codice_fw-la after_o which_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o name_n of_o patrimony_n be_v give_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o each_o church_n there_o be_v see_v name_v in_o the_o epistle_n of_o st._n gregory_n not_o only_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n but_o also_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o arimini_fw-la the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o milan_n the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n the_o church_n place_v in_o city_n 41._o n._n 41._o who_o inhabitant_n be_v of_o but_o indifferent_a fortune_n have_v no_o possession_n leave_v to_o they_o out_o of_o their_o district_n but_o to_o those_o of_o imperial_a city_n as_o rome_n ravenna_n milan_n where_o senator_n and_o other_o illustrious_a person_n dwell_v possession_n be_v leave_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o world_n st._n gregory_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n patrimony_n in_o sicily_n and_o of_o another_o there_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n of_o milan_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v patrimony_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o france_n of_o africa_n of_o sicily_n of_o the_o cottian_a alps_o and_o of_o many_o other_o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v st._n gregory_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n or_o suit_n at_o law_n between_o he_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o ravenna_n for_o the_o patrimony_n of_o both_o church_n which_o be_v accommodate_v by_o transaction_n to_o gain_v also_o great_a respect_n for_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o holy_a which_o that_o church_n have_v in_o great_a veneration_n so_o the_o church_n of_o ravenna_n nominate_v her_o possession_n of_o st._n apollinare_fw-la 42._o n._n 42._o and_o that_o of_o milan_n of_o st._n ambrose_n and_o the_o roman_a call_v it_o the_o patrimony_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o abruzzo_n st._n peter_n patrimony_n of_o sicily_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o manner_n of_o venice_n where_o the_o public_a revenue_n be_v call_v st._n marks_n as_o for_o the_o patrimony_n of_o prince_n when_o they_o be_v not_o appoint_v to_o the_o soldier_n a_o governor_n be_v place_v with_o jurisdiction_n over_o cause_n which_o concern_v that_o possession_n some_o clergyman_n there_o be_v of_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o endeavour_v to_o usurp_v such_o right_n in_o the_o patrimony_n of_o that_o church_n be_v willing_a to_o right_v themselves_o without_o have_v recourse_n to_o public_a judicature_n which_o introduction_n st._n gregory_n rebuke_v and_o condemn_v forbid_v the_o do_v of_o it_o upon_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n ecclesiastical_a possession_n pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o prince_n as_o appear_v manifest_o by_o the_o canon_n si_fw-mi tributum_fw-la tribute_n tribute_n which_o be_v st._n ambrose_n and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o constantinus_n pogonatus_n in_o the_o year_n 681_o grant_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o tribute_n which_o the_o roman_a church_n pay_v for_o the_o patrimony_n of_o sicily_n and_o calabria_n 687._o 681._o exemption_n of_o tribute_n 687._o and_o justinian_n ritmeno_n in_o the_o year_n 687_o remit_v the_o tribute_n which_o the_o patrimony_n of_o abbruzzo_n and_o lucania_n pay_v the_o roman_a church_n receive_v not_o such_o great_a income_n from_o its_o patrimony_n as_o some_o believe_v because_o as_o history_n relate_v 43._o n._n 43._o leo_fw-la isaurus_n in_o the_o year_n 732_o consiscate_v the_o patrimony_n of_o calabria_n and_o sicilia_n 732._o n._n 732._o both_o which_o be_v mention_v to_o yield_v three_o talent_n of_o silver_n and_o half_a a_o talon_n of_o gold_n which_o make_v in_o our_o money_n not_o to_o lessen_v the_o account_n upon_o the_o variety_n of_o opinion_n how_o much_o answer_v each_o talon_n exact_o no_o great_a sum_n than_o 2500_o crown_n and_o the_o patrimony_n of_o sicilia_n much_o large_a pay_v no_o more_o than_o 2100_o crown_n it_o be_v not_o beside_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o discourse_n to_o know_v the_o particular_n which_o happen_v whilst_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o church_n remain_v in_o a_o entire_a body_n and_o under_o the_o same_o government_n although_o the_o incom_n be_v divide_v which_o can_v not_o last_v long_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o contention_n which_o arise_v among_o those_o to_o who_o the_o administration_n belong_v 44._o n._n 44._o and_o the_o other_o who_o remain_v upon_o their_o own_o discretion_n whereupon_o for_o great_a expedition_n each_o minister_n begin_v to_o retain_v the_o oblation_n for_o himself_o which_o have_v be_v make_v in_o his_o temple_n the_o which_o former_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o bishop_n that_o he_o may_v divide_v they_o but_o for_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o episcopal_a superiority_n each_o one_o give_v the_o three_o part_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o something_o over_o and_o above_o for_o honour_n which_o be_v call_v afterward_o cathedraticus_fw-la cathedraticuâ—â—_n cathedraticuâ—â—_n because_o it_o be_v give_v out_o of_o reverence_n to_o the_o cathedral_n or_o the_o episcopal_a see_n moreover_o they_o divide_v the_o estate_n and_o appoint_v every_o man_n his_o own_o share_n but_o these_o alteration_n be_v not_o make_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o nor_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n but_o as_o the_o use_v and_o custom_n happen_v to_o all_o they_o begin_v in_o some_o place_n and_o communicate_v they_o successive_o unto_o other_o chief_o the_o bad_a one_o which_o have_v the_o swift_a course_n and_o the_o least_o hindrance_n in_o those_o day_n when_o the_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n be_v reduce_v to_o this_o condition_n the_o public_a stock_n or_o estate_n be_v distribute_v by_o the_o prince_n unto_o military_a man_n with_o a_o charge_n that_o some_o shall_v keep_v the_o march_n or_o border_n some_o shall_v serve_v the_o prince_n in_o civil_a government_n 45._o n._n 45._o some_o to_o follow_v he_o to_o the_o war_n some_o be_v to_o guard_n city_n fort_n or_o stronghold_n and_o they_o be_v term_v or_o call_v frank_n or_o fee_n by_o the_o lombard_n and_o in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o extinct_a they_o be_v call_v beneficia_fw-la as_o give_v out_o of_o the_o prince_n beneficency_n benefice_n benefice_n for_o which_o respect_n also_o the_o name_n of_o benefice_n be_v
to_o wonder_v if_o so_o many_o modern_a writer_n in_o such_o like_a question_n as_o in_o this_o which_o make_v the_o pope_n absolute_a master_n of_o all_o the_o benefice_n and_o of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n do_v defend_v opinion_n contrary_a to_o antiquity_n and_o contrary_a to_o those_o institution_n which_o have_v their_o rise_n from_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o and_o from_o apostolical_a man_n because_o that_o as_o st._n cyprian_n very_o sensible_o complain_v that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o imperfection_n of_o man_n that_o whereas_o custom_n shall_v be_v conformable_a to_o good_a doctrine_n and_o to_o law_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o doctrine_n of_o interest_v man_n accommodate_v itself_o to_o the_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o all_o the_o course_n of_o so_o many_o age_n there_o have_v be_v no_o novelty_n introduce_v even_o concern_v religion_n but_o immediate_o it_o have_v meet_v with_o defender_n what_o a_o wonder_n will_v it_o be_v 93._o n._n 93._o that_o this_o shall_v happen_v in_o those_o novelty_n and_o introduction_n which_o serve_v for_o wealth_n ease_n and_o humane_a concern_v whereunto_o many_o may_v aspire_v the_o confusion_n which_o be_v in_o italy_n in_o politic_a affair_n by_o reason_n of_o so_o many_o king_n and_o emperor_n which_o be_v make_v in_o those_o time_n cause_v also_o a_o extreme_a disorder_n in_o other_o city_n about_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n bishop_n and_o abbot_n be_v sometime_o make_v by_o prince_n and_o sometime_o intrude_v by_o their_o own_o power_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a minister_n likewise_o be_v sometime_o make_v by_o those_o who_o bear_v sway_n in_o the_o city_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o bishop_n and_o now_o and_o then_o benefice_n be_v possess_v by_o he_o who_o have_v power_n or_o popular_a favour_n in_o the_o year_n 963_o otho_n a_o saxon_a bring_v his_o arm_n into_o italy_n and_o become_v master_n of_o it_o and_o to_o give_v form_n unto_o the_o government_n he_o assemble_v a_o little_a council_n of_o bishop_n deprive_v pope_n john_n 12_o who_o be_v make_v pope_n in_o his_o minority_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 18_o by_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o roman_a nobility_n and_o by_o a_o great_a concourse_n in_o that_o city_n 94._o n._n 94._o and_o live_v in_o the_o popedom_n commit_v adultery_n perjury_n and_o other_o irreligious_a custom_n otho_n make_v he_o to_o be_v renounce_v by_o the_o people_n and_o by_o pope_n leo_n the_o 8_o create_v by_o he_o instead_o of_o john_n the_o authority_n of_o create_v the_o pope_n and_o the_o other_o bishop_n in_o italy_n he_o retain_v and_o his_o son_n and_o his_o nephew_n of_o the_o same_o name_n unto_o the_o year_n 1001_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 36_o year_n and_o during_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o pope_n which_o be_v in_o that_o time_n two_o of_o they_o be_v create_v quiet_o by_o the_o prince_n the_o other_o in_o sedition_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o first_o otho_n carry_v one_o prisoner_n into_o germany_n and_o otho_n the_o three_o carry_v another_o one_o be_v strangle_v by_o he_o who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v make_v in_o his_o room_n one_o run_v away_o have_v rob_v the_o treasury_n of_o the_o church_n ornament_n and_o another_o withdraw_v himself_o into_o a_o voluntary_a exile_n so_o that_o in_o these_o year_n we_o meet_v with_o pope_n yet_o as_o baronius_n say_v scontriame_n scontriame_n they_o be_v in_o the_o catalogue_n only_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n for_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n the_o church_n have_v no_o other_o head_n but_o christ._n the_o other_o bishop_n and_o the_o abbot_n be_v create_v by_o the_o emperor_n without_o any_o contradiction_n 95._o n._n 95._o and_o the_o manner_n be_v that_o when_o a_o bishop_n die_v his_o crosier-staff_n and_o his_o ring_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o have_v determine_v on_o who_o to_o bestow_v the_o benefice_n he_o invest_v he_o by_o give_v he_o the_o ring_n and_o the_o staff_n upon_o receive_v of_o which_o token_n he_o go_v into_o possession_n and_o get_v himself_o consecrate_a by_o his_o metropolitan_a or_o by_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n which_o custom_n be_v observe_v also_o in_o france_n and_o in_o germany_n other_o small_a benefice_n be_v confer_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o by_o the_o abbot_n under_o who_o they_o be_v unless_o the_o prince_n nominate_v any_o one_o to_o a_o vacant_a benefice_n for_o to_o such_o a_o one_o it_o be_v give_v without_o any_o reply_n or_o if_o he_o be_v recommend_v by_o the_o prince_n to_o have_v a_o benefice_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v vacant_a who_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o expectation_n grant_v by_o the_o prince_n come_v to_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o bishop_n with_o the_o first_o vacancy_n thus_o do_v the_o otho_n governor_n without_o contradiction_n from_o the_o pope_n although_o the_o second_o of_o they_o dwell_v a_o very_a long_a time_n in_o rome_n where_o he_o die_v also_o and_o be_v bury_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o otho_n 96._o n._n 96._o there_o be_v preserve_v among_o the_o succeed_v emperor_n the_o same_o power_n of_o bestow_v of_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n and_o also_o of_o nominate_v unto_o inferior_a benefice_n or_o else_o of_o give_v expectancy_n of_o benefice_n which_o be_v to_o become_v vacant_a indeed_o the_o imperial_a authority_n diminish_v in_o rome_n the_o confusion_n return_v into_o that_o church_n for_o the_o people_n have_v reassume_v the_o authority_n of_o elect_v the_o pope_n and_o choose_v three_o of_o they_o quiet_o benedictus_n octavus_n and_o john_n the_o 20_o brethren_n be_v elect_v one_o after_o another_o with_o some_o show_n of_o faction_n and_o this_o last_o be_v dead_a benedictus_n four_o their_o nephew_n be_v choose_v at_o 12_o year_n of_o age_n who_o beside_o many_o other_o excess_n sell_v a_o part_n of_o the_o popedom_n to_o one_o sylvester_n the_o 3d_o and_o another_o part_n to_o gregory_n 6_o and_o all_o three_o sit_v in_o rome_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o much_o confusion_n chief_o that_o this_o gregory_n have_v arm_v himself_o with_o soldier_n foot_n and_o horse_n 97._o n._n 97._o and_o with_o great_a slaughter_n get_v the_o possession_n of_o st._n peter_n church_n he_o enlarge_v his_o part_n by_o arm_n wherefore_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o black_a go_v into_o italy_n put_v benedictus_n to_o flight_n send_v sylvester_n away_o banish_a gregory_n into_o germany_n and_o deprive_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n of_o the_o power_n of_o make_v any_o more_o pope_n and_o he_o make_v three_o pope_n successive_o all_o german_n by_o nation_n who_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o emperor_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o pontifical_a habit_n and_o ensign_n without_o any_o thing_n else_o the_o three_o who_o be_v brunus_n bishop_n of_o zul_n have_v by_o the_o emperor_n deputation_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n in_o trisinga_n and_o therewith_o take_v his_o journey_n as_o far_o as_o clugni_n hildebrand_n a_o monk_n foster-son_n of_o st._n peter_n church_n in_o rome_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a subtlety_n will_v by_o art_n restore_v the_o election_n to_o the_o roman_n counsel_v brunus_n who_o clothe_v in_o his_o pontifical_a habit_n be_v call_v leo_n 9th_o to_o clothe_v himself_o like_o a_o pilgrim_n and_o so_o to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o that_o he_o will_v be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o the_o roman_a people_n 98._o n._n 98._o leo_n consent_v and_o enter_v rome_n in_o a_o pilgrim_n habit_n and_o by_o the_o suggestion_n of_o hildebrand_n be_v proclaim_v pope_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o people_n but_o this_o art_n do_v not_o prevent_v the_o emperor_n when_o leo_n be_v dead_a from_o choose_v in_o mentz_n geberard_n of_o aichstat_n who_o immediate_o put_v on_o the_o habit_n and_o be_v call_v vector_n the_o second_o the_o emperor_n than_o do_v not_o only_o bestow_v benefice_n but_o also_o make_v constitution_n against_o those_o who_o obtain_v they_o by_o simony_n pardon_v the_o error_n commit_v until_o that_o time_n and_o impose_v penalty_n for_o the_o future_a henry_n the_o black_a die_a leave_v the_o empire_n to_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o four_o who_o succeed_v he_o in_o a_o tender_a age_n during_o who_o minority_n although_o the_o pope_n be_v create_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o emperor_n tutor_n and_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o abbot_n be_v invest_v by_o he_o with_o the_o ring_n and_o the_o crozier_n staff_n the_o pope_n nevertheless_o make_v use_n of_o the_o occasion_n gain_v by_o little_a and_o little_a some_o great_a liberty_n adhere_v also_o to_o one_o side_n or_o party_n of_o the_o tutor_n who_o differ_v about_o they_o and_o make_v faction_n whereupon_o nicolas_n second_o 99_o n._n 99_o make_v a_o constitution_n about_o the_o election_n of_o the_o pope_n ordain_v it_o shall_v first_o pass_v through_o the_o cardinal_n bishop_n then_o shall_v be_v propose_v to_o the_o cardinal_n clergyman_n in_o the_o three_o place_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o
106._o and_o a_o tumult_n be_v appease_v which_o have_v last_v 56_o year_n under_o six_o pope_n by_o excommunicate_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o person_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a who_o adhere_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o by_o the_o death_n of_o numberless_a person_n on_o both_o side_n in_o threescore_o battle_n fight_v by_o henry_n the_o father_n and_o in_o eighteen_o fight_v by_o henry_n the_o son_n tantae_fw-la molis_fw-la erat_fw-la to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o that_o building_n which_o we_o have_v see_v bring_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o battlement_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o speak_v in_o the_o occurrence_n abovesaid_a happen_v between_o pascal_n and_o henry_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o world_n be_v various_a some_o say_n that_o the_o assent_n yield_v unto_o by_o the_o pope_n be_v null_a as_o do_v out_o of_o fear_n find_v himself_o and_o so_o many_o cardinal_n in_o the_o emperor_n hand_n and_o therefore_o with_o reason_n pascal_n oppose_v he_o and_o cease_v from_o observe_v it_o but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o pope_n assent_n be_v invalid_a for_o be_v extort_a with_o fear_n 107._o n._n 107._o no_o less_o ought_v to_o be_v hold_v for_o invalid_a the_o assent_n yield_v to_o by_o the_o emperor_n for_o fear_n of_o so_o many_o excommunication_n and_o anathema's_n of_o so_o many_o rebellion_n and_o machination_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o be_v subject_a to_o restore_v that_o which_o be_v do_v for_o fear_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o not_o that_o which_o be_v do_v for_o fear_n of_o anathema's_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o see_v all_o his_o dominion_n and_o people_n in_o confusion_n and_o in_o civil_a war_n some_o man_n in_o counsel_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o pascal_n make_v use_v of_o this_o dilemma_n if_o the_o decree_n and_o the_o bull_n of_o he_o by_o which_o he_o grant_v investiture_n unto_o the_o emperor_n be_v lawful_a they_o ought_v to_o be_v observe_v if_o they_o be_v unjust_a and_o as_o some_o say_v heretical_a then_o be_v the_o pope_n author_n also_o heretical_a and_o unjust_a it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o a_o thing_n just_a and_o due_a although_o do_v out_o of_o fear_n be_v valid_a and_o that_o no_o man_n whatsoever_o be_v blameless_a if_o for_o any_o kind_n of_o fear_n he_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o contention_n of_o the_o pope_n with_o the_o emperor_n about_o this_o matter_n of_o give_v investiture_n of_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n stop_v not_o only_o in_o italy_n and_o germany_n kingdom_n of_o the_o emperor_n but_o in_o the_o same_o time_n also_o in_o france_n some_o of_o the_o bishop_n stir_v up_o by_o example_n and_o through_o interest_n 108._o n._n 108._o oppose_v the_o king_n for_o the_o same_o cause_n but_o because_o all_o be_v not_o agree_v to_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o pope_n against_o the_o king_n the_o king_n for_o the_o most_o part_n overcome_v he_o and_o the_o pope_n be_v content_a to_o gain_v that_o by_o little_a and_o little_a which_o be_v impossible_a for_o they_o to_o do_v all_o at_o once_o together_o in_o england_n the_o king_n have_v always_o confer_v bishopric_n and_o abbey_n in_o the_o year_n 1102_o anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n refuse_v to_o consecrate_v the_o bishop_n provide_v by_o the_o king_n he_o adhere_v to_o the_o decree_v make_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o contention_n last_v many_o year_n the_o king_n maintain_v his_o authority_n and_o the_o archbishop_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o pope_n defend_v his_o opposition_n the_o king_n believe_v himself_o able_a to_o persuade_v the_o pope_n to_o that_o which_o he_o repute_v just_o therefore_o he_o send_v a_o ambassador_n who_o receive_v such_o rough_a answer_n and_o threaten_n from_o the_o pope_n that_o to_o take_v off_o his_o edge_n the_o ambassador_n think_v fit_a to_o tell_v he_o the_o king_n will_v not_o lose_v his_o authority_n although_o he_o be_v to_o lose_v his_o kingdom_n to_o which_o the_o pope_n reply_v with_o no_o less_o boldness_n that_o he_o will_v not_o permit_v it_o although_o he_o be_v to_o lose_v his_o head_n the_o king_n remain_v constant_a 109._o n._n 109._o and_o it_o behoove_v anselm_n to_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n incapable_a of_o return_v without_o consent_v to_o the_o king_n be_v will._n but_o the_o king_n die_v without_o heirs-male_a and_o some_o civil_a war_n happen_v it_o be_v easy_a for_o the_o clergyman_n to_o prevail_v and_o to_o introduce_v that_o into_o england_n which_o have_v be_v introduce_v in_o the_o empire_n where_o after_o the_o session_n of_o henry_n of_o which_o have_v be_v speak_v the_o pope_n obtain_v his_o intent_n true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1132_o lotharius_n the_o saxon_a successor_n of_o henry_n the_o 5_o emperor_n be_v seek_v to_o by_o innocent_a the_o second_o engage_v in_o a_o schism_n that_o he_o will_v acknowledge_v he_o for_o pope_n and_o not_o his_o adversary_n refuse_v to_o do_v it_o unless_o the_o investiture_n renounce_v by_o henry_n be_v restore_v to_o he_o and_o perhaps_o the_o pope_n will_v have_v grant_v they_o but_o st._n bernard_n very_o intimate_v with_o lotharius_n persuade_v he_o to_o desist_v propose_v to_o his_o consideration_n that_o he_o have_v make_v war_n against_o henry_n his_o predecessor_n and_o lord_n upon_o pope_n paschals_n instance_n for_o that_o cause_n 110._o n._n 110._o afterward_o to_o be_v willing_a to_o make_v himself_o a_o defender_n of_o henry_n pretention_n be_v to_o declare_v himself_o a_o rebel_n and_o that_o he_o have_v make_v war_n against_o his_o lord_n while_o he_o be_v defend_v a_o just_a cause_n that_o which_o usual_o happen_v after_o great_a victory_n namely_o when_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o extinct_a the_o fragment_n or_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o overcome_v party_n oftentimes_o spring_v up_o again_o with_o old_a pretension_n which_o the_o prudent_a vainquisher_n temporize_v dexterous_o rather_o than_o oppose_v himself_o open_o by_o renew_v a_o war_n so_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o these_o present_a occasion_n the_o pope_n not_o be_v able_a to_o have_v the_o victory_n of_o such_o a_o great_a pretention_n so_o entire_o but_o that_o in_o some_o place_n some_o benefice_n will_v remain_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o laity_n and_o that_o a_o prince_n sometime_o for_o some_o necessity_n of_o his_o government_n without_o regard_n to_o the_o pope_n will_v bestow_v some_o bishopric_n after_o the_o first_o manner_n there_o remain_v in_o france_n the_o regalia_z 111._o n._n 111._o which_o be_v a_o right_n of_o the_o king_n to_o confer_v all_o single_a benefice_n vacant_a by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o bishop_n until_o the_o successor_n be_v create_v there_o remain_v in_o germany_n a_o right_a of_o the_o emperor_n of_o give_v only_o one_o of_o the_o canonship_n in_o many_o church_n and_o so_o divers_a particular_a authority_n be_v retain_v by_o some_o prince_n the_o pope_n that_o they_o may_v not_o by_o contend_v for_o these_o particular_a use_n renew_v the_o contention_n with_o hazard_n of_o lose_v the_o whole_a or_o else_o by_o let_v they_o run_v on_o they_o may_v do_v prejudice_n to_o the_o general_a cause_n think_v it_o requisite_a to_o make_v provision_n both_o by_o negotiation_n and_o art_n they_o find_v a_o temperament_n or_o compliance_n by_o cause_v the_o canonist_n and_o other_o scribe_n depend_v on_o they_o to_o write_v that_o these_o prince_n enjoy_v that_o authority_n through_o privilege_n grant_v by_o the_o pope_n this_o serve_v the_o pope_n for_o a_o reputation_n to_o make_v appear_v that_o prince_n have_v no_o right_n but_o by_o their_o grace_n and_o favour_n and_o assure_v they_o also_o that_o they_o may_v pretend_v further_o and_o it_o be_v easy_o pass_v over_o by_o the_o prince_n to_o who_o it_o seem_v that_o it_o be_v to_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o molestation_n which_o the_o pope_n may_v give_v they_o 112._o n._n 112._o and_o by_o add_v a_o ecclesiastical_a title_n to_o their_o own_o possession_n make_v it_o more_o secure_a but_o the_o event_n show_v that_o to_o be_v poison_n which_o be_v esteem_v physic_n for_o about_o 1300_o boniface_n the_o 8_o exercise_v sharp_a contention_n with_o philip_n the_o fair_a of_o france_n that_o he_o shall_v yield_v up_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o regalia_n abovesaid_a and_o they_o proceed_v so_o far_o that_o this_o kingdom_n be_v expose_v to_o great_a danger_n by_o excommunication_n and_o interdiction_n by_o deprive_v the_o king_n and_o by_o grant_v the_o kingdom_n to_o albert_n the_o emperor_n at_o first_o when_o it_o be_v assent_v to_o it_o be_v not_o well_o think_v of_o to_o who_o account_n it_o will_v turn_v by_o the_o apostolical_a grant_n to_o preserve_v that_o which_o be_v the_o prince_n peculiar_a for_o the_o pope_n since_o pretend_v they_o can_v revoke_v the_o privilege_n grant_v by_o their_o predecessor_n even_o without_o a_o
these_o introduction_n which_o although_o they_o have_v not_o pass_v so_o former_o as_o happen_v afterward_o write_v to_o eugenius_n the_o three_o rebuke_n they_o sharp_o complain_v that_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o place_n whereto_o the_o ambitious_a the_o covetous_a the_o simonist_n the_o sacrilegious_a the_o concubine-keeper_n and_o the_o incestuous_a have_v their_o recourse_n to_o obtain_v benefice_n for_o they_o find_v none_o who_o will_v receive_v they_o in_o other_o place_n rome_n be_v the_o only_a place_n which_o make_v that_o legal_a or_o lawful_a which_o every_o where_o else_o be_v repute_v unlawful_a the_o pope_n themselves_o can_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o grant_n of_o these_o expectancy_n or_o reversion_n be_v burdensome_a to_o the_o church_n yea_o gregory_n the_o 9th_o c._n mandatum_fw-la de_fw-fr rescrip_n confess_v it_o with_o open_a word_n wherefore_o they_o be_v restrain_v by_o insert_v this_o little_a clause_n if_o we_o have_v not_o write_v for_o another_o bring_v into_o custom_n 134._o n._n 134._o that_o every_o pope_n may_v grant_v a_o reversion_n upon_o any_o church_n and_o no_o more_o beside_o they_o be_v wont_v afterward_o at_o their_o entrance_n into_o the_o popedom_n to_o revoke_v all_o the_o reversion_n grant_v by_o their_o predecessor_n that_o their_o own_o may_v take_v place_n more_o easy_o or_o else_o that_o those_o who_o have_v obtain_v they_o may_v be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v new_a one_o at_o new_a charge_n for_o to_o confirm_v they_o therein_o as_o for_o elective_a benefice_n which_o be_v bishopric_n and_o abbey_n they_o give_v no_o expectancy_n or_o reversion_n there_o be_v no_o example_n of_o it_o for_o they_o have_v be_v bestow_v by_o the_o prince_n but_o the_o court_n invent_v other_o mode_n or_o way_n whereby_o they_o often_o draw_v the_o collation_n of_o they_o to_o rome_n set_v forth_o many_o condition_n which_o be_v necessary_o to_o be_v observe_v before_o come_v to_o the_o election_n and_o other_o in_o the_o celebration_n thereof_o and_o require_v divers_a quality_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o elect_v 135._o n._n 135._o add_v thereunto_o that_o if_o any_o of_o these_o be_v not_o observe_v the_o elector_n be_v for_o that_o time_n deprive_v of_o the_o power_n of_o choose_v which_o devolve_v itself_o to_o rome_n beside_o this_o also_o and_o for_o divers_a respect_n of_o the_o elector_n or_o for_o other_o cause_n there_o arise_v among_o they_o difficulty_n about_o the_o election_n for_o which_o cause_n one_o of_o the_o party_n will_v appeal_v to_o rome_n where_o most_o common_o the_o wrong_n be_v give_v to_o both_o and_o the_o election_n make_v invalid_a and_o the_o collation_n of_o the_o bishopric_n or_o abbey_n for_o that_o time_n be_v draw_v to_o rome_n also_o when_o the_o court_n hear_v of_o a_o vacancy_n of_o some_o good_a bishopric_n or_o abbey_n which_o have_v happen_v it_o dispatch_v immediate_o a_o letter_n preceptory_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o proceed_n to_o the_o election_n without_o his_o knowledge_n and_o with_o a_o honest_a show_n or_o colour_n of_o help_v or_o prevent_v disorder_n which_o may_v happen_v he_o send_v a_o person_n to_o assist_v and_o preside_v in_o the_o election_n through_o who_o mean_n by_o divers_a way_n and_o management_n the_o election_n be_v make_v to_o fall_v on_o he_o who_o be_v to_o be_v the_o great_a benefactor_n to_o rome_n there_o happen_v then_o for_o the_o cause_n above_o write_v 136._o n._n 136._o that_o few_o election_n of_o bishopric_n and_o of_o monastery_n be_v celebrate_v but_o for_o some_o of_o these_o respect_n be_v examine_v at_o rome_n whereupon_o the_o pope_n mediate_v or_o interpose_v himself_o in_o most_o of_o the_o subsequent_a election_n cover_v it_o with_o the_o honest_a title_n of_o devolution_n for_o the_o public_a service_n see_v that_o the_o usual_a elector_n want_v of_o that_o which_o be_v their_o due_n they_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o put_v to_o their_o hand_n also_o either_o by_o command_v when_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o that_o the_o elector_n shall_v not_o come_v to_o the_o election_n without_o their_o leave_n or_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o choose_v but_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o some_o person_n nominate_v by_o they_o thus_o by_o different_a way_n they_o come_v to_o assume_v some_o share_n in_o the_o election_n also_o these_o method_n various_o use_v according_a to_o the_o exigency_n of_o accident_n have_v not_o the_o power_n of_o a_o law_n but_o of_o custom_n or_o of_o reasonableness_n unto_o the_o year_n 1227_o when_o gregory_n the_o 9th_o have_v consider_v how_o theodosius_n form_v the_o politic_a of_o the_o empire_n collect_v his_o rescription_n or_o decretal_n and_o those_o of_o precede_a prince_n into_o a_o book_n 137._o n._n 137._o which_o be_v afterward_o call_v the_o theodosian_a codex_fw-la and_o justinian_n have_v accommodate_v the_o ancient_a law_n according_a to_o the_o time_n then_o be_v and_o reduce_v the_o decree_n of_o his_o predecessor_n into_o a_o body_n he_o call_v they_o the_o justinian_n codex_fw-la so_o the_o same_o gregory_n the_o 9th_o frame_v a_o politic_a have_v reduce_v into_o a_o body_n all_o the_o rescription_n or_o decretal_n together_o with_o the_o accident_n which_o happen_v serve_v to_o the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o have_v extend_v that_o to_o a_o common_a use_n which_o have_v be_v establish_v for_o a_o particular_a place_n and_o perhaps_o for_o that_o special_a case_n only_o and_o have_v abolish_v other_o call_v that_o book_n the_o decretal_a of_o gregory_n the_o 9th_o which_o begin_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n and_o to_o establish_v the_o roman_a monarchy_n chief_o in_o beneficial_a matter_n in_o which_o book_n there_o be_v much_o more_o concern_v the_o edification_n of_o law-fruit_n than_o concern_v the_o edification_n of_o soul_n the_o old_a collector_n of_o canon_n particular_o gratian_n make_v a_o collection_n of_o all_o that_o he_o account_v proper_a to_o the_o papal_a greatness_n yet_o not_o without_o change_n 138._o n._n 138._o alteration_n and_o falsification_n also_o of_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o sentence_n be_v take_v and_o it_o be_v believe_v by_o he_o he_o have_v raise_v that_o authority_n to_o the_o great_a height_n it_o can_v attain_v unto_o and_o for_o those_o time_n he_o be_v not_o mistake_v but_o affair_n be_v alter_v that_o compilement_n be_v not_o for_o his_o purpose_n but_o after_o that_o which_o he_o call_v his_o decree_n follow_v this_o decretal_a which_o give_v no_o satisfaction_n neither_o but_o from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o the_o pope_n advance_v in_o authority_n they_o frame_v new_a rule_n for_o themselves_o so_o that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o benefice_n neither_o the_o decree_n nor_o the_o decretal_a nor_o the_o sesto_n have_v any_o more_o room_n but_o other_o rule_n as_o shall_v be_v speak_v of_o the_o great_a method_n which_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n use_v in_o bestow_v of_o so_o many_o benefice_n draw_v thither_o all_o sort_n of_o clergyman_n those_o who_o have_v none_o to_o gain_v some_o and_o those_o who_o have_v to_o aspire_v unto_o great_a or_o better_a so_o that_o beside_o the_o old_a cause_n this_o also_o be_v add_v that_o many_o become_v non-resident_n which_o the_o court_n can_v not_o dissemble_v for_o every_o diocese_n complain_v that_o the_o church_n be_v without_o government_n 139._o n._n 139._o and_o attribute_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o evil_a where_o it_o true_o be_v wherefore_o it_o be_v resolve_v some_o provision_n shall_v be_v make_v for_o it_o therefore_o it_o seem_v not_o convenient_a to_o the_o pope_n of_o these_o time_n to_o proceed_v as_o former_o with_o castigation_n because_o the_o disorder_n be_v too_o common_a as_o also_o because_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o send_v all_o out_o of_o rome_n which_o if_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v do_v the_o court_n will_v have_v remain_v empty_a and_o every_o one_o will_v have_v endeavour_v to_o obtain_v benefice_n from_o his_o bishop_n near_o to_o who_o he_o be_v personal_o rather_o than_o to_o send_v salary_n and_o messenger_n to_o rome_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o expectancy_n or_o reversion_n however_o a_o medium_fw-la be_v find_v by_o make_v of_o law_n which_o command_v residency_n to_o that_o sort_n of_o benefice_a man_n who_o can_v expect_v but_o little_a from_o the_o court_n speak_v nothing_o of_o other_o thus_o alexander_n the_o 3d_o in_o the_o year_n 1179_o command_v residency_n to_o all_o benefice_a person_n who_o have_v the_o cure_n of_o soul_n the_o it_o be_v add_v also_o all_o those_o who_o have_v dignity_n 140._o n._n 140._o administration_n or_o canonship_n of_o other_o inferior_a benefice_a man_n it_o be_v never_o say_v they_o be_v oblige_v to_o refidency_n and_o much_o less_o be_v they_o command_v to_o reside_v wherefore_o by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o account_v themselves_o not_o oblige_v to_o it_o in_o such_o manner_n there_o arise_v a_o distinction_n
or_o waste_v and_o therefore_o can_v not_o maintain_v the_o bishop_n convenient_o the_o metropolitan_a with_o the_o bishop_n assemble_v in_o council_n give_v two_o or_o more_o to_o one_o bishop_n and_o these_o city_n be_v call_v unite_v as_o likewise_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o the_o number_n of_o people_n increase_v and_o that_o one_o man_n only_o can_v not_o supply_v all_o one_o cure_n become_v divide_v into_o two_o yea_o unto_o these_o present_a time_n these_o method_n be_v commendable_o use_v which_o be_v for_o the_o service_n of_o god_n for_o spiritual_a benefit_n and_o for_o conveniency_n of_o the_o people_n but_o after_o they_o proceed_v to_o make_v union_n also_o for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o some_o pious_a place_n by_o which_o mean_v some_o benefice_n become_v unite_v to_o some_o bishopric_n or_o to_o some_o monastery_n or_o to_o some_o poor_a hospital_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o union_n the_o party_n beneficy_v seem_v indeed_o to_o have_v two_o benefice_n but_o in_o truth_n he_o have_v but_o one_o humane_a subtlety_n invent_v be_v willing_a to_o give_v two_o incompatible_a benefice_n to_o one_o person_n to_o unite_v the_o one_o unto_o the_o other_o during_o his_o life_n 148._o n._n 148._o so_o that_o give_v he_o the_o principal_a the_o unite_a be_v also_o give_v by_o consequence_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o save_v very_o well_o the_o law_n of_o have_v but_o one_o benefice_n in_o appearance_n but_o in_o the_o existence_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o observance_n of_o the_o word_n with_o transgression_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o jurisconsult_v call_v it_o the_o fraud_n of_o the_o law_n this_o serve_v also_o that_o they_o may_v give_v a_o cure_a benefice_n to_o a_o young_a striplin_n or_o boy_n or_o to_o any_o other_o illiterate_a person_n and_o without_o be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v sacred_a order_n by_o unite_n the_o cure_a benefice_n to_o a_o single_a one_o during_o life_n and_o confere_v the_o single_a one_o in_o title_n the_o beneficyary_n remain_v the_o curate_n patron_n also_o and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v very_o well_o observe_v but_o the_o power_n of_o unite_n benefice_n for_o life_n be_v never_o grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n for_o any_o cause_n whatever_o but_o reserve_v to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n only_o some_o lawyer_n call_v it_o a_o union_n in_o the_o name_n but_o in_o fact_n it_o be_v a_o relaxation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o they_o hold_v it_o for_o damnable_a wherefore_o also_o in_o some_o kingdom_n it_o have_v be_v prohibit_v it_o be_v long_o use_v by_o the_o roman_a court_n 149._o n._n 149._o now_o it_o be_v no_o more_o in_o use_n no_o more_o than_o many_o other_o cantelous_a thing_n not_o to_o call_v they_o fraud_n like_o these_o which_o speak_v too_o legal_o for_o the_o cause_n as_o shall_v be_v declare_v when_o we_o come_v to_o our_o time_n the_o commendum_fw-la have_v also_o a_o good_a ancient_a institution_n commendum_n commendum_n for_o when_o a_o elective_a benefice_n become_v vacant_a either_o bishopric_n abbey_n or_o else_o a_o live_n which_o be_v jus_fw-la patronatus_fw-la for_o which_o the_o ordinary_a out_o of_o some_o respect_n can_v not_o provide_v immediate_o the_o care_n whereof_o be_v recommend_v by_o the_o superior_a to_o some_o worthy_a person_n until_o provision_n shall_v be_v make_v nevertheless_o that_o person_n have_v not_o power_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o incom_n but_o only_o to_o govern_v they_o and_o for_o this_o a_o excellent_a man_n be_v choose_v who_o usual_o be_v a_o beneficed_a man_n to_o who_o the_o recommend_v cure_n be_v a_o burden_n with_o which_o he_o be_v to_o be_v content_v for_o the_o church_n service_n only_o this_o can_v not_o be_v call_v 150._o n._n 150._o have_v a_o benefice_n recommend_v unto_o he_o but_o very_o improper_o and_o therefore_o in_o reality_n he_o have_v not_o two_o benefice_n although_o to_o make_v no_o difficulty_n of_o speech_n there_o arise_v a_o maxim_n among_o the_o canonist_n that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v two_o benefice_n the_o one_o in_o title_n the_o other_o in_o commendum_fw-la which_o commendum_fw-la at_o first_o last_v but_o until_o provision_n be_v make_v afterward_o they_o commend_v for_o a_o good_a while_n which_o sometime_o be_v long_o enough_o wherefore_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n forbid_v the_o bishop_n from_o commend_v for_o above_o six_o month_n not_o make_v the_o rule_n for_o himself_o but_o by_o a_o court_n style_v the_o commendum_fw-la contract_v a_o little_a custom_n not_o altogether_o commendable_a which_o be_v that_o when_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o give_v any_o man_n a_o benefice_n it_o can_v not_o be_v do_v either_o for_o want_v of_o age_n or_o because_o the_o benefice_n be_v monacal_a and_o the_o person_n secular_a or_o for_o some_o other_o respect_n he_o commend_v it_o to_o he_o so_o long_o that_o he_o may_v acquire_v the_o necessary_a quality_n for_o to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o it_o but_o final_o about_o the_o year_n 1350_o all_o respect_n be_v lay_v aside_o the_o pope_n hold_v the_o other_o bishop_n strict_o to_o the_o term_n of_o six_o month_n 151._o n._n 151._o they_o proceed_v to_o give_v the_o commendum_fw-la for_o life_n which_o if_o it_o be_v give_v to_o one_o who_o have_v in_o title_n another_o incompatible_a benefice_n he_o observe_v very_o well_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n that_o two_o benefice_n can_v be_v give_v but_o one_o in_o title_n and_o the_o other_o in_o commendum_fw-la but_o the_o sense_n be_v defraud_v because_o that_o which_o be_v commendatory_a for_o life_n as_o touch_v the_o profit_n be_v like_a unto_o the_o titular_a also_o give_v a_o benefice_n in_o commendum_fw-la to_o one_o who_o have_v not_o the_o quality_n require_v by_o the_o canon_n do_v not_o disagree_v with_o the_o word_n thereof_o but_o it_o be_v give_v to_o he_o in_o deed_n and_o not_o give_v to_o he_o in_o word_n the_o commendum_n of_o bishopric_n and_o other_o benefice_n be_v almost_o out_o of_o use_n in_o italy_n there_o remain_v some_o abbey_n for_o the_o cause_n which_o in_o our_o time_n shall_v be_v declare_v by_o the_o mean_n abovesaid_a the_o pope_n draw_v to_o themselves_o great_a share_n of_o the_o beneficial_a disposal_n in_o all_o the_o christian_a kingdom_n of_o the_o west_n but_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n he_o be_v never_o suffer_v to_o dispose_v of_o a_o atom_n not_o only_o in_o the_o last_o age_n of_o that_o empire_n when_o the_o greek_n be_v total_o divide_v 152._o n._n 152._o but_o likewise_o in_o the_o first_o age_n also_o when_o they_o be_v unite_v into_o a_o body_n except_o that_o in_o syria_n and_o in_o greece_n in_o the_o time_n and_o in_o the_o place_n which_o be_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o french_a and_o of_o the_o venetian_n but_o the_o pope_n letter_n which_o dispose_v of_o benefice_n in_o manner_n abovesaid_a although_o they_o be_v indeed_o for_o the_o most_o part_n obey_v yet_o nevertheless_o not_o without_o some_o complaint_n and_o murmur_a put_v it_o often_o to_o dispute_v whether_o the_o pope_n can_v do_v this_o or_o that_o in_o italy_n none_o oppose_v the_o pope_n unless_o some_o pious_a man_n for_o respect_n of_o conscience_n and_o for_o the_o service_n of_o god_n it_o be_v beside_o profitable_a to_o the_o italian_n for_o such_o be_v the_o roman_a courtier_n who_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o pope_n ample_a authority_n receive_v incom_n from_o beyond_o the_o alps._n in_o spain_n the_o prudence_n of_o that_o nation_n in_o their_o practice_n delude_v the_o art_n of_o the_o court._n in_o england_n as_o in_o a_o region_n where_o the_o benefice_n be_v many_o and_o rich_a the_o roman_a courtier_n make_v great_a gain_n wherefore_o in_o the_o year_n 1232_o a_o league_n be_v make_v in_o that_o kingdom_n 153._o n._n 153._o between_o the_o english_a clergyman_n and_o the_o soldier_n against_o the_o roman_a clergyman_n benefice_v in_o that_o island_n who_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o good_n and_o incom_n the_o pope_n command_v the_o king_n under_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n that_o he_o shall_v chastise_v or_o punish_v and_o persecute_v they_o with_o temporal_a arm_n and_o that_o the_o prelate_n shall_v excommunicate_v they_o but_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o numerous_a that_o the_o king_n dare_v not_o meddle_v with_o they_o neither_o do_v the_o prelate_n dare_v to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o spiritual_a weapon_n the_o affair_n remain_v quiet_a for_o a_o few_o year_n whereupon_o pope_n innocent_a the_o four_o a_o genoése_n take_v fresh_a courage_n and_o send_v one_o martin_n his_o kinsman_n by_o who_o mean_n he_o renew_v the_o fashion_n of_o the_o court_n upon_o which_o the_o english_a have_v recourse_n to_o the_o king_n complain_v that_o the_o italian_n get_v possession_n of_o all_o benefice_n the_o king_n banish_v martin_n from_o the_o kingdom_n and_o cause_v a_o account_n to_o be_v make_v of_o how_o much_o the_o pope_n
that_o his_o predecessor_n have_v enrich_v the_o church_n which_o by_o the_o provision_n and_o imposition_n of_o rome_n be_v possess_v by_o stranger_n and_o unworthy_a man_n contrary_a to_o the_o mind_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o testator_n whereby_o the_o kingdom_n also_o become_v weaken_v that_o the_o pope_n ought_v to_o feed_v and_o not_o shear_v the_o sheep_n that_o heretofore_o the_o king_n give_v the_o benefice_n that_o they_o have_v grant_v the_o election_n unto_o the_o clergy_n upon_o the_o pope_n petition_n and_o now_o the_o pope_n will_v take_v away_o the_o election_n introduce_v by_o they_o 181._o n._n 181._o and_o usurp_v it_o to_o themselves_o wherefore_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o return_v to_o the_o first_o institution_n that_o benefice_n be_v to_o be_v confer_v by_o prince_n this_o contention_n which_o last_v while_o the_o pope_n be_v live_v be_v occasion_n that_o innocent_a the_o 6_o successor_n to_o clement_n revoke_v all_o his_o reservation_n by_o a_o constitution_n of_o he_o which_o begin_v pastoralis_fw-la the_o same_o at_o present_a be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v but_o many_o famous_a canonist_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o the_o like_a have_v happen_v to_o many_o other_o whereby_o the_o abuse_n and_o the_o usurpation_n will_v be_v make_v manifest_a as_o in_o like_a manner_n all_o thing_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o gloss_n which_o favour_v not_o the_o court_n but_o the_o expurgatory_n index_n make_a with_o the_o doctor_n show_v worse_o beside_o the_o fit_v they_o for_o his_o interest_n or_o purpose_n before_o they_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o press_n but_o few_o year_n after_o they_o be_v restore_v again_o wherefore_o edward_n an._n 1373_o send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o gregory_n the_o 11_o at_o avignon_n make_v instance_n that_o the_o reservation_n shall_v be_v quite_o annul_v the_o business_n be_v take_v in_o hand_n 182._o n._n 182._o which_o last_v two_o year_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 1375_o the_o pope_n annul_v they_o total_o but_o he_o be_v dead_a the_o beginning_n of_o the_o great_a schism_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1378_o by_o which_o there_o be_v two_o pope_n there_o be_v also_o two_o roman_a court_n and_o the_o expense_n or_o charge_n be_v duplicate_v and_o those_o also_o be_v much_o great_a than_o ordinary_a through_o the_o necessity_n of_o spend_v which_o the_o pope_n have_v for_o the_o persecute_v of_o one_o another_o and_o for_o the_o defend_n themselves_o against_o one_o another_o whereby_o each_o of_o they_o set_v on_o foot_n all_o the_o way_n imaginable_a for_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n and_o simony_n be_v most_o manifest_a in_o each_o of_o the_o court_n benefice_n be_v free_o sell_v and_o they_o take_v all_o they_o can_v out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o ordinary_n the_o roman_a court_n have_v not_o open_o discover_v itself_o until_o this_o time_n for_o they_o aim_v at_o nothing_o else_o but_o at_o money_n of_o all_o their_o undertake_n the_o cause_n be_v render_v with_o some_o appearance_n or_o show_v of_o provide_v better_a for_o the_o church_n than_o the_o ordinary_n do_v or_o else_o of_o provide_v some_o deserve_a person_n with_o a_o benefice_n but_o vrban_n the_o 6_o declare_v himself_o why_o it_o be_v introduce_v into_o benefice_n with_o ordain_v 183._o n._n 183._o that_o the_o impetration_n shall_v be_v invalid_n if_o mention_n be_v not_o make_v of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o benefice_n heretofore_o the_o benefice_n be_v chief_o give_v for_o spiritual_a thing_n the_o temporal_n become_v accessory_n then_o of_o the_o spiritual_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v the_o charge_n or_o office_n be_v not_o consider_v but_o the_o emolument_fw-fr the_o same_o institution_n last_v also_o unto_o our_o day_n and_o authority_n be_v give_v to_o nuncio_n to_o confer_v some_o of_o the_o lesser_a benefice_n by_o the_o value_n of_o the_o income_n it_o be_v determine_v which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o which_o be_v the_o little_a one_o and_o in_o the_o reservation_n of_o monastery_n there_o be_v no_o care_n of_o the_o spiritual_a those_o be_v reserve_v which_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o 200_o crown_n and_o the_o inferior_a one_o leave_v free_a this_o serve_v to_o the_o end_n the_o chamber_n may_v receive_v the_o annata_n or_o fruit_n more_o exact_o for_o if_o two_o man_n impetrate_v one_o benefice_n and_o one_o of_o they_o express_v the_o value_n to_o be_v great_a than_o the_o other_o the_o bull_n or_o papal_n breive_v of_o he_o that_o express_v the_o less_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a and_o those_o of_o the_o great_a will_v be_v attain_v some_o say_v this_o be_v a_o expose_v it_o to_o a_o sale_n or_o outcry_n and_o give_v to_o who_o bid_v most_o other_o say_v it_o be_v to_o the_o end_n the_o chamber_n may_v not_o be_v defraud_v of_o its_o right_n 184._o n._n 184._o but_o this_o consideration_n belong_v to_o the_o chapter_n of_o first-fruit_n come_v back_o to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o schism_n no_o man_n deny_v but_o the_o disorder_n in_o the_o roman_a court_n be_v great_a which_o increase_v also_o the_o more_o because_o some_o kingdom_n and_o province_n scandalize_v at_o such_o various_a and_o different_a method_n they_o reduce_v themselves_o to_o acknowledge_v neither_o of_o the_o two_o pope_n whereupon_o it_o behoove_v they_o to_o raise_v and_o receive_v from_o those_o which_o remain_v as_o much_o as_o from_o all_o germany_n refuse_v to_o remain_v subject_a to_o the_o reservation_n and_o expectancy_n or_o reversion_n and_o the_o ordinary_n confer_v benefice_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o ordinance_n of_o rome_n on_o the_o contrary_a innocent_a the_o seven_o for_o this_o cause_n in_o the_o year_n 1359_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o germany_n to_o give_v new_a bull_n or_o papal_a letter_n to_o those_o who_o be_v get_v in_o by_o the_o episcopal_a collation_n pay_v they_o for_o they_o and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o make_v composition_n for_o the_o fruit_n receive_v leave_v some_o part_n unto_o the_o chamber_n 185._o n._n 185._o but_o by_o this_o mean_v much_o money_n be_v like_a to_o go_v out_o of_o germany_n the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o oppose_v it_o and_o prohibit_v the_o extraction_n say_v it_o be_v requisite_a to_o reform_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o clergy_n not_o the_o purse_n all_o these_o confusion_n increase_v more_o and_o more_o when_o there_o come_v on_o the_o three_o pope_n in_o the_o year_n 1409_o to_o who_o although_o the_o french_a do_v adhere_v and_o yield_v obedience_n nevertheless_o they_o stick_v close_o to_o one_o of_o the_o king_n edict_n make_v 3_o year_n before_o by_o which_o they_o prohibit_v the_o reservation_n the_o first-fruit_n and_o other_o exaction_n of_o the_o court_n until_o that_o by_o a_o lawful_a general_a council_n may_v be_v provide_v for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o very_o capable_a of_o the_o government_n but_o lewis_n duke_n of_o orleans_n who_o govern_v he_o be_v author_n of_o all_o the_o edict_n wherefore_o he_o be_v kill_v it_o be_v easy_a for_o pope_n john_n the_o 23d_o to_o regain_v authority_n for_o confer_v benefice_n in_o france_n give_v to_o the_o king_n to_o the_o queen_n to_o the_o dolphin_n and_o to_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n the_o nomination_n of_o most_o of_o their_o servant_n and_o then_o prevail_v with_o the_o remainder_n preserve_v it_o until_o the_o death_n of_o that_o king_n wherefore_o charles_n the_o seven_o his_o son_n who_o succeed_v he_o 186._o n._n 186._o renew_v the_o edict_n in_o italy_n also_o there_o be_v make_v several_a provision_n by_o divers_a state_n in_o different_a manner_n all_o which_o tend_v to_o take_v away_o the_o abuse_n baldus_n testify_v that_o as_o much_o as_o the_o bologneses_n make_v beneficial_a provision_n and_o particular_o ordain_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v confer_v save_v only_o upon_o the_o native_n of_o that_o city_n and_o of_o the_o country_n belong_v to_o it_o neither_o be_v the_o pope_n much_o esteem_v by_o they_o for_o john_n the_o 23d_o be_v in_o florence_n with_o his_o court_n a_o certain_a disorder_n arise_v about_o the_o collation_n of_o a_o benefice_n for_o which_o that_o commonwealth_n deprive_v he_o of_o the_o power_n of_o confer_v benefice_n in_o their_o state_n for_o five_o year_n in_o these_o time_n be_v invent_v inextricable_a clause_n to_o be_v put_v into_o bull_n as_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o petition_n sign_v by_o concessum_fw-la and_o those_o which_o be_v sign_v by_o fiat_n between_o the_o dispatch_n with_o the_o clause_n motu_fw-la proprio_fw-la with_o other_o out_o new_a trick_n and_o device_n sound_v out_o and_o the_o clause_n anteferri_fw-la which_o make_v the_o better_a condition_n from_o which_o invention_n several_a bull_n be_v obtain_v upon_o the_o say_a benefice_n 187._o n._n 187._o and_o beside_o the_o more_o fruit_n pay_v there_o arise_v lawsuit_n also_o which_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v at_o rome_n with_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o
court._n there_o be_v add_v the_o constitute_v of_o another_o antagonist_n at_o law_n if_o he_o die_v that_o the_o end_n of_o he_o may_v not_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o lawsuit_n but_o by_o his_o death_n there_o be_v take_v or_o receive_v another_o year_n revenue_n and_o the_o continuation_n of_o the_o lawsuit_n which_o multiply_v also_o the_o clause_n be_v invent_v si_fw-mi alteri_fw-la si_fw-la neutri_fw-la si_fw-la nulli_fw-la whereby_o the_o benefice_n be_v give_v to_o a_o three_o man_n also_o but_o only_o during_o the_o lawsuit_n or_o contest_v of_o the_o two_o first_o which_o constrain_v prince_n for_o the_o remove_n of_o confusion_n disorder_n and_o contention_n among_o their_o subject_n to_o bring_v back_o to_o the_o secular_a bar_n or_o court_n the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o possessorio_fw-la of_o the_o benefice_n a_o thing_n which_o although_o legitimate_a have_v be_v by_o the_o connivance_n of_o prince_n take_v away_o from_o the_o secular_a magistrate_n and_o assume_v by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n from_o the_o provision_n which_o be_v make_v by_o some_o prince_n to_o stop_v the_o new_a introduction_n into_o matter_n beneficial_a within_o their_o dominion_n 188._o n._n 188._o the_o court_n take_v occasion_n to_o invent_v other_o as_o well_o to_o work_v the_o same_o effect_n under_o other_o pretext_n as_o to_o multiply_v method_n whereby_o they_o may_v do_v and_o therewith_o supply_v what_o they_o can_v not_o do_v where_o provision_n be_v make_v in_o these_o time_n resignation_n be_v find_v out_o not_o good_a and_o commendable_a one_o resignation_n resignation_n for_o they_o be_v very_o ancient_a but_o certain_a other_o which_o the_o world_n at_o present_a commend_v not_o it_o be_v never_o lawful_a for_o he_o who_o be_v put_v into_o a_o ecclesiastical_a charge_n to_o leave_v it_o of_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o it_o be_v very_o agreeable_a that_o he_o who_o have_v dedicate_v himself_o to_o a_o ministry_n and_o have_v receive_v the_o reward_n for_o it_o which_o be_v the_o benefice_n shall_v persevere_v administer_a nevertheless_o for_o some_o lawful_a cause_n it_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v necessary_a or_o at_o least_o for_o the_o public_a or_o for_o the_o private_a good_a that_o some_o one_o may_v divest_v himself_o of_o it_o it_o be_v introduce_v for_o a_o custom_n that_o it_o may_v be_v and_o with_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o superior_a for_o some_o lawful_a cause_n he_o may_v renounce_v and_o the_o cause_n wherein_o it_o be_v practise_v be_v if_o through_o infirmity_n of_o mind_n or_o of_o body_n or_o become_v incapable_a by_o old_a age_n 189._o n._n 189._o or_o if_o by_o enmity_n of_o potent_a person_n on_o the_o place_n he_o can_v not_o make_v his_o residency_n without_o danger_n when_o the_o renunciation_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o bishop_n the_o benefice_n be_v esteem_v as_o vacant_a and_o he_o to_o who_o the_o collation_n belongee_v confer_v it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v vacant_a by_o death_n the_o renunciat_n be_v introduce_v in_o these_o time_n not_o for_o any_o urgent_a cause_n but_o only_o to_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o benefice_n may_v be_v confer_v upon_o one_o nominate_v by_o the_o renunciator_n and_o as_o unto_o a_o new_a thing_n it_o behoove_v also_o to_o give_v it_o a_o new_a name_n call_v it_o resignatio_fw-la ad_fw-la favorem_fw-la because_o it_o be_v only_o make_v to_o favour_v the_o resignation_n that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o benefice_n it_o be_v indeed_o at_o the_o superior_n liberty_n to_o receive_v the_o renunciation_n or_o not_o but_o he_o can_v receive_v it_o but_o by_o give_v the_o benefice_n to_o the_o person_n nominate_v although_o this_o be_v a_o way_n for_o introduce_v hereditary_a succession_n unto_o benefice_n and_o therefore_o damageable_a unto_o the_o ecclesiastical_a order_n 190._o n._n 190._o it_o prove_v more_o profitable_a to_o the_o court_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o frequent_o the_o benefice_n be_v confer_v and_o by_o it_o the_o first-fruit_n receive_v covetousness_n and_o other_o worldly_a affection_n teach_v many_o to_o crave_v for_o and_o to_o receive_v benefice_n not_o with_o a_o mind_n to_o continue_v in_o they_o but_o with_o thought_n of_o enjoy_v they_o until_o they_o can_v obtain_v better_o or_o else_o until_o some_o design_n of_o marriage_n or_o other_o kind_n of_o life_n be_v bring_v about_o or_o else_o until_o some_o youth_n may_v come_v of_o age_n at_o which_o he_o may_v afterward_o renounce_v a_o thing_n which_o by_o pious_a man_n be_v never_o excuse_v and_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o common_a opinion_n that_o whosoever_o receive_v a_o benefice_n with_o a_o design_n of_o renounce_v it_o can_v with_o a_o good_a conscience_n receive_v the_o fruit_n which_o some_o of_o a_o large_a conscience_n they_o do_v not_o mean_v so_o general_o of_o all_o but_o of_o those_o only_o who_o do_v it_o with_o a_o intent_n to_o forsake_v the_o clerical_a order_n as_o for_o renouncing_n add_v favorem_fw-la which_o become_v emolument_n to_o the_o receiver_n the_o court_n that_o the_o fruit_n may_v be_v all_o its_o own_o prohibit_v the_o bishop_n from_o receive_v such_o renouncing_n and_o reserve_v that_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n only_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o 191._o n._n 191._o and_o because_o many_o benefice_a man_n when_o they_o feel_v themselves_o near_o unto_o death_n make_v themselves_o a_o successor_n by_o such_o a_o way_n it_o be_v ordain_v by_o a_o rule_n of_o chancery_n that_o the_o renounce_v make_v in_o favour_n of_o another_o by_o a_o sick_a benefice_a man_n shall_v not_o be_v of_o value_n unless_o the_o renouncer_n survive_v twenty_o day_n after_o consent_v grant_v in_o these_o time_n the_o fountain_n of_o the_o oblation_n of_o the_o faithful_a seem_v to_o be_v drain_v or_o lessen_v already_o while_o the_o war_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n last_v and_o afterward_o for_o some_o year_n whilst_o there_o be_v hope_n that_o it_o may_v be_v renew_v through_o which_o mean_v much_o gold_n come_v unto_o the_o ecclesiastical_a order_n but_o all_o hope_n be_v lose_v the_o oblation_n be_v stop_v nevertheless_o example_n be_v take_v by_o this_o work_n and_o the_o give_v indulgence_n remission_n and_o concession_n introduce_v for_o those_o who_o will_v lay_v hold_n on_o and_o contribute_v thereunto_o by_o some_o good_a and_o pious_a work_n for_o daily_o there_o be_v new_a work_n institute_v for_o each_o city_n 192._o n._n 192._o for_o which_o indulgence_n be_v grant_v from_o rome_n this_o bring_v forth_o much_o fruit_n to_o the_o clerical_a order_n and_o to_o the_o court_n which_o do_v partake_v of_o it_o and_o this_o go_v so_o far_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1517_o there_o spring_v up_o in_o germany_n the_o novelty_n which_o every_o one_o know_v hand_n help_v hand_n pope_n pius_n the_o 5_o provide_v for_o our_o age_n by_o a_o constitution_n whereby_o he_o annul_v all_o the_o indulgence_n grant_v by_o the_o clause_n of_o helping-hand_n that_o be_v with_o obligation_n to_o offer_v money_n a_o thing_n which_o have_v not_o yet_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o this_o harvest_n for_o although_o indulgence_n be_v now_o give_v without_o that_o condition_n nevertheless_o in_o church_n be_v set_v forth_o chest_n and_o trunk_n and_o the_o people_n believe_v no_o pardon_n to_o be_v obtain_v unless_o they_o offer_v but_o return_v to_o these_o year_n of_o the_o schism_n for_o what_o concern_v the_o gain_n or_o acquire_v of_o new_a income_n and_o settle_a estate_n for_o the_o church_n the_o hope_n seem_v to_o be_v quite_o lose_v the_o monk_n already_o have_v no_o more_o credit_n of_o holiness_n the_o fervency_n of_o the_o sacred_a militia_n not_o only_o lukewarm_a but_o extinct_a the_o friar_n mendicant_n for_o all_o be_v institute_v after_o the_o year_n 1200_o have_v therefore_o credit_n 193._o n._n 193._o because_o they_o have_v total_o devest_v themselves_o of_o the_o power_n of_o purchase_v estate_n and_o make_v a_o vow_n to_o live_v upon_o oblation_n only_o and_o alm_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o augmentation_n of_o settle_a estate_n will_v cease_v but_o a_o good_a way_n be_v find_v out_o which_o be_v the_o grant_n to_o the_o mendicant_a friar_n by_o a_o privilege_n from_o the_o apostolic_a see_v to_o be_v able_a to_o purchase_v estate_n which_o by_o vow_n and_o by_o institution_n be_v forbid_v they_o many_o of_o their_o devout_a person_n be_v most_o ready_a to_o enrich_v they_o there_o want_v nothing_o but_o the_o manner_n how_o this_o find_v out_o immediate_o the_o convent_v of_o mendicant_n in_o italy_n spain_n and_o other_o kingdom_n be_v become_v very_o commodious_a in_o estate_n within_o a_o short_a time_n france_n only_o oppose_v this_o novelty_n say_v that_o as_o they_o be_v come_v into_o the_o kingdom_n with_o those_o institution_n of_o poverty_n it_o behoove_v they_o shall_v persevere_v in_o the_o same_o neither_o will_v they_o suffer_v they_o hitherto_o to_o