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cause_n authority_n bishop_n church_n 2,934 5 4.3576 3 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A56252 The history of popedom, containing the rise, progress, and decay thereof, &c. written in High Dutch by Samuel Puffendorff ; translated into English by J.C. Pufendorf, Samuel, Freiherr von, 1632-1694.; Chamberlayne, John, 1666-1723. 1691 (1691) Wing P4176; ESTC R5058 76,002 238

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the_o history_n of_o popedom_n contain_v the_o rise_n progress_n and_o decay_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n write_a in_o high_a dutch_a by_o samuel_n puffendorff_n translate_v into_o english_a by_o j._n c._n london_n print_v for_o joseph_n hindmarsh_n at_o the_o golden_a ball_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n 1691._o imprimatur_fw-la c._n alston_n october_n 2_o d._n 1690._o to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n henry_n lord_n bishop_n of_o london_n dean_n of_o the_o chapel_n royal_a and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n this_o treatise_n be_v most_o humble_o dedicate_v by_o john_n chamberlayne_n content_n paragraph_n 1._o politic_a reflection_n on_o the_o spiritual_a monarchy_n of_o the_o pope_n par._n 2._o of_o the_o blindness_n of_o the_o heathen_n in_o matter_n of_o divinity_n what_o they_o propose_v to_o themselves_o by_o choose_v the_o path_n of_o virtue_n wherein_o their_o religion_n consist_v par._n 3._o of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n why_o other_o nation_n do_v not_o embrace_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o jew_n par._n 4._o that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v adapt_v to_o the_o humour_n of_o all_o people_n that_o it_o admit_v no_o respect_n of_o person_n that_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o civil_a government_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o sort_n of_o religion_n or_o philosophy_n that_o can_v equal_v it_o why_o many_o of_o our_o christian_n live_v like_o heathen_n par._n 5._o of_o the_o external_n government_n of_o religion_n what_o be_v here_o to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o external_n government_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n of_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o call_n of_o the_o apostle_n par._n 6._o the_o division_n of_o this_o question_n that_o this_o necessity_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o religion_n in_o general_a how_o the_o external_n government_n of_o religion_n be_v transmit_v from_o the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n to_o the_o sovereign_n of_o each_o state_n par._n 7._o that_o it_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o christian_a religion_n for_o the_o sovereign_a to_o have_v the_o direction_n of_o it_o as_o to_o its_o external_n government_n par._n 8._o the_o first_o progress_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o divine_a conduct_n in_o the_o establishment_n of_o this_o religion_n how_o the_o jesuit_n preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o chinese_n why_o god_n call_v the_o ignorant_a rather_o than_o the_o wise_a and_o learned_a men._n par._n 9_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n the_o new_a christian_n slander_v and_o calumniate_v the_o roman_n upon_o reason_n of_o state_n oppose_v their_o religion_n the_o roman_a persecution_n condemn_v par._n 10._o of_o the_o ancient_a government_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n difference_n arise_v about_o religion_n terminate_v by_o assembly_n why_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o assembly_n ought_v to_o be_v permit_v under_o heathen_a 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the_o barbarity_n of_o the_o age_n contribute_v much_o thereto_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o ignorance_n that_o ignorance_n help_v much_o to_o the_o establish_n of_o the_o popedom_n the_o introduction_n of_o pedantry_n into_o the_o school_n that_o the_o politic_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n be_v contrary_a to_o monarchy_n two_o dangerous_a effect_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o politic_n par._n 15._o why_o the_o monarch_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n have_v choose_v rome_n for_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n how_o the_o pope_n establish_v his_o hierarchy_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a bishop_n how_o the_o bishop_n of_o romevsurped_a the_o pre-eminence_n reflection_n on_o the_o pope_n power_n par._n 16._o how_o the_o pope_n come_v to_o domineer_v over_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n of_o the_o confirmation_n of_o bishop_n by_o the_o pope_n decision_n of_o the_o pope_n dispensation_n of_o the_o pope_n vicar_n in_o france_n of_o the_o monk_n winifred_n the_o pope_n make_v he_o his_o vicar_n he_o advance_v the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o annates_fw-la the_o pope_n annul_v the_o decision_n of_o provincial_a synod_n they_o force_v the_o bishop_n to_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o they_o par._n 17._o the_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n and_o how_o first_o get_v the_o avarice_n of_o the_o churchman_n and_o divers_a effect_n thereof_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o crusado_n a_o stratagem_n of_o pope_n par._n 18._o of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o ecclesiastic_o the_o original_a of_o monk_n and_o other_o religious_a order_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o monastery_n of_o the_o order_n of_o beg_a friar_n why_o they_o choose_v that_o sort_n of_o life_n the_o reason_n that_o induce_v man_n now_o adays_o to_o choose_v a_o monastic_a life_n that_o monk_n have_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o other_o churchman_n that_o they_o alone_o hinder_v the_o bishop_n from_o oppose_v the_o pope_n be_v authority_n that_o a_o great_a many_o bishop_n will_v be_v glad_a to_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o rome_n that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o bishop_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o pope_n par._n 19_o how_o the_o church_n have_v shake_v off_o all_o temporal_a jurisdiction_n how_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n slip_v their_o neck_n out_o of_o the_o emperor_n collar_n par._n 20._o the_o pope_n implore_v the_o french_a king_n protection_n against_o the_o lumbards_n the_o french_a enter_v italy_n they_o bestow_v the_o exarchat_n on_o the_o pope_n that_o the_o pope_n do_v heretofore_o hold_v those_o country_n under_o they_o of_o the_o emperor_n par._n 21._o the_o pope_n establish_v a_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n pope_n gregory_n excommunicate_v the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o four_o the_o pope_n endeavour_v to_o domineer_v over_o the_o emperor_n a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o bishop_n that_o succeed_a emperor_n have_v in_o vain_a endeavour_v to_o regain_v their_o lose_a authority_n par_fw-fr 22._o the_o pope_n 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the_o pope_n ill_a conduct_n in_o the_o business_n of_o luther_n the_o imprudence_n of_o cardinal_n cajetan_n
proportionable_o augment_v while_o there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o that_o be_v glad_a to_o be_v feed_v by_o a_o fat_a kitchen_n and_o make_v good_a cheer_n without_o take_v any_o care_n for_o the_o provision_n thereof_o and_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o each_o church_n have_v its_o ordain_v priest_n chaplain_n and_o other_o necessary_a servant_n but_o the_o most_o considerable_a must_v have_v a_o addition_n of_o canon_n and_o prebend_n which_o place_n consist_v of_o so_o great_a profit_n and_o so_o little_a pain_n be_v soon_o fill_v by_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o size_n and_o thus_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o single_a life_n which_o the_o pope_n not_o without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n and_o opposition_n have_v introduce_v in_o the_o eleven_o and_o follow_a century_n be_v sweeten_v by_o the_o honour_n and_o large_a revenue_n of_o these_o charge_n which_o they_o so_o quiet_o enjoy_v beside_o all_o christendom_n swarm_v with_o a_o prodigious_a number_n of_o monk_n and_o 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clergy_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v with_o so_o much_o zeal_n maintain_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o monk_n especial_o when_o in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n they_o will_v have_v force_v themselves_o from_o the_o bishop_n jurisdiction_n and_o subject_v themselves_o immediate_o to_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o pope_n have_v find_v out_o the_o way_n to_o carry_v himself_o so_o even_o with_o they_o that_o although_o there_o be_v great_a jealousy_n betwixt_o their_o order_n as_o for_o example_n betwixt_o the_o franciscan_n and_o dominican_n yet_o he_o hold_v the_o balance_n always_o so_o even_o and_o dispense_v his_o favour_n so_o impartial_o that_o one_o order_n can_v be_v oppress_v by_o the_o other_o nor_o have_v reason_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o pope_n injustice_n these_o monk_n be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o ordinary_a priest_n insomuch_o as_o they_o attract_v to_o themselves_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o alm_n legacy_n and_o gain_n proceed_v from_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o rich_a beside_o the_o direction_n of_o conscience_n and_o administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n which_o have_v draw_v upon_o they_o the_o immortal_a hatred_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o secular_a priest_n which_o those_o other_o dont_fw-fr much_o value_n while_o they_o be_v under_o the_o care_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o beside_o when_o a_o bishop_n at_o any_o time_n oppose_v the_o pope_n the_o monk_n like_v so_o many_o blood_n hound_n be_v immediate_o after_o his_o heel_n and_o by_o their_o bawl_n and_o exclamation_n soon_o make_v he_o lose_v his_o credit_n with_o the_o people_n by_o who_o their_o hypocrisy_n and_o pretend_a sanctity_n make_v they_o much_o respect_v so_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v force_v to_o truckle_n to_o the_o pope_n authority_n because_o the_o people_n will_v afford_v they_o no_o support_v or_o assistance_n thus_o the_o monk_n be_v set_v as_o so_o many_o spy_n over_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o bishop_n which_o when_o 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practice_n qui_fw-la that_o jus_o ad_fw-la finem_fw-la that_o jus_o ad_fw-la media_fw-la and_o then_o by_o consequence_n it_o be_v no_o long_o needful_a to_o run_v to_o rome_n and_o buy_v the_o permission_n of_o exercise_v their_o charge_n and_o it_o cost_v the_o pope_n a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n and_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o fear_n before_o he_o can_v oblige_v the_o council_n of_o trent_n to_o desist_v from_o a_o design_n which_o extreme_o shake_v his_o usurp_a authority_n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o last_o general_n council_n nor_o will_v the_o pope_n ever_o more_o venture_v his_o authority_n in_o such_o like_a assembly_n which_o beside_o will_v be_v but_o very_o useless_a thing_n as_o long_o as_o the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o teach_v that_o the_o pope_n be_v above_o the_o council_n and_o that_o he_o can_v err_v and_o that_o the_o council_n themselves_o
the_o effect_n thereof_o luther_n appeal_v to_o a_o council_n par_fw-fr 27._o why_o luther_n doctrine_n do_v not_o make_v great_a advance_n a_o schism_n among_o the_o protestant_n the_o protestant_n abuse_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o gospel_n of_o the_o academy_n of_o paris_n of_o zwinglius_fw-la and_o calvin_n that_o luther_n take_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o romish_a ceremony_n that_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n have_v be_v one_o cause_n of_o the_o progress_n of_o protestant_a religion_n par._n 28._o the_o pope_n recover_v from_o the_o fright_n which_o luther_n have_v put_v he_o into_o that_o he_o now_o act_n more_o cautious_o than_o heretofore_o that_o priest_n and_o monk_n live_v more_o regular_o at_o present_a of_o the_o reestablish_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o way_n of_o entice_a protestant_n to_o that_o church_n that_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n have_v mighty_o contribute_v to_o the_o papal_a grandeur_n par._n 29._o of_o the_o temporal_a dominion_n of_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o country_n that_o be_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o pope_n militia_n of_o the_o pope_n interest_n in_o relation_n to_o germany_n france_n and_o spain_n that_o the_o pope_n need_v not_o fear_v the_o power_n of_o the_o other_o state_n in_o italy_n par._n 30._o of_o the_o pope_n spiritual_a dominion_n that_o the_o pope_n have_v different_a interest_n from_o those_o of_o other_o prince_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o papal_a monarchy_n that_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o pope_n can_v be_v prove_v from_o scripture_n nor_o from_o the_o example_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o general_n nor_o from_o that_o of_o st._n peter_n in_o particular_a how_o the_o papist_n answer_v these_o objection_n par._n 31._o why_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n can_v not_o well_o admit_v of_o any_o other_o form_n than_o a_o monarchical_a that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v invent_v a_o more_o regular_a monarchy_n than_o that_o of_o the_o pope_n why_o this_o monarchy_n ought_v to_o be_v elective_a why_o the_o pope_n do_v marry_v of_o the_o conclave_n why_o the_o pope_n be_v general_o italian_n why_o they_o usual_o choose_v a_o old_a man_n for_o pope_n why_o they_o do_v choose_v one_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o last_o pope_n nor_o one_o that_o be_v too_o much_o devote_v to_o the_o french_a or_o spanish_a interest_n of_o the_o college_n of_o cardinal_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o cardinal_n of_o their_o number_n of_o their_o election_n that_o the_o pope_n always_o endeavour_v to_o enrich_v their_o kindred_n with_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o cardinal_n patroon_n why_o the_o chief_a minister_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v his_o nephew_n par._n 32._o of_o the_o celibacy_n of_o the_o ecclesiastic_o of_o their_o great_a number_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o ecclesiastic_o par._n 33._o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v very_o well_o square_a with_o the_o pope_n interest_n that_o it_o prohibit_v the_o read_v the_o holy_a scripture_n of_o tradition_n of_o venial_a and_o mortal_a sin_n of_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n of_o work_n of_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o merit_n of_o good_a work_n of_o work_n of_o supererogation_n of_o ceremony_n and_o feast_n of_o forbid_v the_o cup_n of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o marriage_n of_o the_o forbid_a degree_n of_o extreme_a unction_n of_o purgatory_n of_o the_o adoration_n of_o relic_n of_o the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n and_o of_o canonisation_n other_o mean_n that_o the_o clergy_n use_v to_o drain_v the_o purse_n of_o ignorant_a people_n par._n 34._o that_o university_n have_v be_v no_o small_a mean_n of_o support_v the_o papal_a authority_n that_o the_o professor_n be_v the_o pope_n creature_n that_o the_o philosopher_n be_v his_o slave_n of_o the_o scholastic_a divinity_n and_o philosophy_n that_o the_o same_o pedantry_n be_v yet_o in_o vogue_n par._n 35._o why_o jesuit_n intrude_v themselves_o into_o the_o government_n of_o school_n and_o college_n the_o service_n they_o render_v thereby_o to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n that_o they_o have_v insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n of_o the_o censure_v book_n that_o the_o romish_a priest_n inspire_v their_o auditor_n with_o a_o ill_a opinion_n against_o protestant_n of_o the_o false_a rumour_n they_o spread_v to_o their_o own_o advantage_n par._n 36._o that_o the_o excommunication_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o so_o terrible_a as_o it_o use_v to_o be_v par._n 37._o the_o reason_n that_o oblige_v these_o people_n to_o stick_v to_o the_o romish_a religion_n that_o a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o do_v it_o for_o interest_n other_o through_o ignorance_n why_o some_o of_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o atheism_n that_o there_o be_v preferment_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n why_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o roman_a religion_n do_v not_o abandon_v it_o par._n 38._o of_o those_o state_n who_o interest_n it_o be_v to_o maintain_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n of_o italy_n of_o poland_n of_o portugal_n of_o germany_n that_o charles_n the_o five_o neglect_v the_o occasion_n of_o make_v a_o reformation_n in_o germany_n what_o have_v probable_o happen_v if_o charles_n have_v turn_v protestant_a of_o spain_n of_o france_n of_o the_o formality_n that_o the_o nuntioe_n be_v oblige_v to_o observe_v in_o france_n a_o project_n of_o make_v a_o patriarch_n in_o france_n that_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o aversion_n for_o the_o french_a monarchy_n of_o the_o principal_a support_n of_o the_o pope_n of_o their_o conduct_n heretofore_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o also_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o french_a par._n 39_o how_o the_o pope_n stand_v dispose_v towards_o protestant_n why_o they_o have_v favour_v they_o upon_o certain_a occasion_n par._n 40._o if_o there_o be_v any_o hope_n of_o a_o accommodation_n between_o the_o pope_n and_o protestant_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o impossibility_n that_o such_o proposition_n be_v chimerical_a and_o dangerous_a of_o the_o strength_n of_o protestant_n and_o catholic_n of_o the_o protestant_a state_n division_n between_o the_o protestant_n other_o inconvenient_n of_o the_o jealousy_n that_o reign_v between_o the_o protestant_a state_n of_o the_o huguenot_n of_o france_n of_o poland_n how_o strong_a the_o protestant_n be_v in_o germany_n if_o they_o be_v able_a alone_o to_o defend_v themselves_o without_o the_o aid_n of_o france_n and_o swedeland_n that_o the_o security_n of_o the_o protestant_a state_n do_v not_o depend_v on_o treaty_n of_o the_o sovereign_a state_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n of_o the_o mean_n of_o maintain_v the_o protestant_a religion_n whether_o the_o lutheran_n and_o reform_a may_v be_v bring_v to_o any_o accommodation_n of_o the_o socinian_o and_o anabaptist_n the_o history_n of_o popedom_n the_o popedom_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n first_o as_o its_o doctrine_n which_o be_v singular_a and_o different_a from_o that_o of_o other_o christian_n do_v fall_v in_o with_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o do_v either_o impede_fw-la or_o promote_v the_o mean_n of_o our_o salvation_n the_o consideration_n thereof_o as_o it_o be_v take_v in_o this_o sense_n we_o leave_v to_o the_o divine_n and_o second_o as_o the_o pope_n do_v not_o only_o make_v a_o very_a considerable_a figure_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o italian_a prince_n but_o do_v also_o pretend_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o christendom_n at_o least_o in_o all_o spiritual_a affair_n and_o do_v in_o effect_n exercise_v such_o a_o supreme_a authority_n over_o all_o the_o state_n of_o europe_n that_o have_v the_o same_o sentiment_n in_o religion_n with_o he_o it_o be_v this_o second_o consideration_n which_o particular_o and_o immediate_o belong_v to_o the_o politician_n since_o such_o a_o spiritual_a sovereignty_n do_v not_o only_o bridle_v the_o supreme_a power_n of_o every_o state_n but_o be_v altogether_o absurd_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o a_o power_n hence_o be_v it_o that_o religion_n be_v so_o confound_v and_o entangle_v with_o the_o politic_a interest_n of_o rome_n that_o he_o who_o will_v understand_v the_o latter_a must_v be_v perfect_o inform_v of_o the_o rise_v of_o that_o spiritual_a monarchy_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v arrive_v to_o so_o prodigious_a a_o growth_n and_o what_o intrigue_n be_v use_v to_o preserve_v its_o usurp_a greatness_n for_o thereby_o will_v likewise_o appear_v what_o relation_n it_o have_v with_o the_o controversy_n so_o rife_o at_o present_a among_o the_o western_a christian_n and_o how_o far_o one_o may_v attribute_v those_o disagree_a sentiment_n of_o religion_n either_o to_o different_a interpretation_n of_o the_o scripture_n or_o to_o the_o prospect_n of_o temporal_a interest_n after_o a_o strict_a examination_n of_o which_o we_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o wise_a and_o impartial_a man_n to_o determine_v whether_o there_o can_v be_v any_o hope_n of_o a_o
france_n they_o have_v gain_v nothing_o unless_o it_o be_v the_o art_n of_o chicaning_n simony_n and_o another_o abominable_a crime_n which_o it_o be_v hardly_o lawful_a to_o pronounce_v to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o the_o papal_a court_n be_v thus_o translate_v from_o its_o natural_a seat_n into_o a_o foreign_a country_n its_o imperfection_n be_v the_o more_o easy_o expose_v and_o consequent_o the_o pope_n become_v more_o despicable_a this_o absence_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v no_o less_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a land_n in_o italy_n for_o after_o that_o the_o emperor_n have_v lose_v all_o his_o authority_n there_o every_o petty_a prince_n be_v for_o erect_v himself_o into_o a_o sovereign_n and_o by_o the_o division_n of_o the_o guelph_n and_o gibelines_n all_o thing_n be_v bring_v into_o confusion_n the_o neighbour_a prince_n without_o any_o scruple_n pillage_v the_o church_n patrimony_n while_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o pope_n have_v make_v they_o forget_v all_o the_o respect_n they_o owe_v he_o the_o most_o of_o his_o city_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o florentine_n drive_v out_o his_o legate_n and_o either_o erect_v themselves_o into_o free_a state_n or_o choose_v they_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o city_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n of_o bavaria_n have_v quarrel_v with_o the_o pope_n and_o gain_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n to_o his_o interest_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o most_o of_o the_o country_n as_o be_v a_o feoff_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o invest_v therewith_o such_o as_o take_v his_o part_n against_o the_o pope_n so_o that_o st._n peter_n patrimony_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o a_o very_a bad_a condition_n nor_o have_v the_o pope_n be_v since_o able_a to_o reduce_v the_o better_a part_n of_o what_o be_v thus_o take_v from_o they_o into_o their_o power_n but_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v the_o possessor_n thereof_o in_o a_o free_a enjoyment_n of_o what_o they_o have_v get_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v at_o last_o oblige_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o pope_n sovereignty_n which_o it_o have_v so_o long_o oppose_v after_o that_o pope_n boniface_n the_o nine_o in_o the_o year_n 1393._o have_v fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o st._n angelo_n which_o serve_v to_o bridle_v the_o city_n and_o keep_v it_o in_o subjection_n alexander_n the_o six_o be_v chief_o the_o cause_n that_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o church_n fall_v again_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o pope_n he_o have_v a_o natural_a son_n name_v caesar_n borgia_n who_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o valence_n bring_v to_o he_o as_o dowry_n by_o his_o wife_n charlotte_n d'albret_a be_v common_o call_v ill_a duca_n valentino_n now_o while_o the_o pope_n use_v all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o powerful_a prince_n in_o italy_n to_o attain_v to_o his_o end_n he_o bethink_v himself_o of_o this_o expedient_a he_o drive_v out_o those_o little_a signiori_fw-it that_o be_v possess_v of_o small_a parcel_n of_o the_o church_n territory_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o those_o place_n which_o they_o hold_v and_o then_o give_v his_o son_n the_o propriety_n thereof_o this_o his_o design_n succeed_v very_o happy_o and_o he_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o reduce_v either_o by_o force_n or_o treachery_n most_o of_o those_o little_a lordship_n into_o his_o subjection_n and_o though_o borgia_n use_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o temerity_n in_o the_o management_n of_o this_o affair_n yet_o he_o say_v he_o know_v well_o enough_o what_o he_o do_v since_o his_o father_n who_o be_v inspire_v by_o the_o holy_a ghost_n approve_v of_o all_o his_o action_n but_o when_o he_o want_v money_n to_o pay_v his_o soldier_n he_o plot_v with_o his_o father_n to_o poison_v several_a of_o the_o rich_a cardinal_n at_o a_o banquet_n design_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o to_o put_v himself_o in_o possession_n of_o their_o good_n but_o likewise_o to_o be_v rid_v of_o hateful_a person_n who_o he_o fear_v may_v oppose_v themselves_o to_o his_o design_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o servant_n he_o have_v employ_v in_o this_o his_o devilish_a design_n by_o mistake_n give_v the_o pope_n and_o his_o son_n the_o empoison_a drink_n so_o that_o the_o pope_n die_v immediate_o thereof_o and_o the_o duke_n very_o hardly_o escape_v at_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o terrible_a sickness_n nor_o can_v he_o afterward_o with_o all_o his_o authority_n oblige_v the_o cardinal_n to_o choose_v a_o pope_n that_o shall_v be_v in_o his_o interest_n thus_o borgia_n vast_a ambitious_a project_n dwindle_v into_o nothing_o for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o pius_n the_o three_o who_o hold_v the_o chair_n a_o very_a few_o week_n come_v julius_n the_o second_o the_o swear_v implacable_a enemy_n of_o borgia_n to_o succeed_v he_o who_o reduce_v all_o that_o he_o have_v take_v and_o drive_v he_o at_o last_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o this_o pope_n prevail_v so_o far_o by_o his_o bribe_n and_o artifices_fw-la that_o he_o regain_v all_o that_o the_o church_n have_v have_v before_o in_o its_o possession_n except_o the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n which_o likewise_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o last_o age_n the_o legitimate_a race_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o est_fw-la be_v end_v fall_v into_o the_o pope_n hand_n again_o he_o also_o hinder_v the_o french_a from_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o italy_n sect._n 25._o but_o now_o while_o the_o popedom_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o its_o great_a splendour_n and_o at_o as_o high_a a_o point_n of_o perfection_n as_o it_o can_v ever_o aspire_v to_o all_o the_o west_n have_v join_v itself_o to_o the_o communion_n and_o fellowship_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n except_v some_o few_o relic_n of_o the_o vaudois_n in_o france_n and_o the_o hussites_n in_o bohemia_n which_o be_v altogether_o inconsiderable_a and_o the_o quarrel_n betwixt_o pope_n julius_n the_o second_o and_z lewis_z the_o twelve_o of_o france_n which_o have_v easy_o occasion_v a_o new_a schism_n be_v happy_o compose_v after_o that_o pope_n death_n by_o leon_n the_o ten_o and_o the_o old_a complaint_n that_o be_v use_v to_o be_v make_v against_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n be_v almost_o all_o lay_v asleep_o there_o happen_v upon_o a_o very_a slight_a occasion_n so_o terrible_a a_o insurrection_n against_o the_o papal_a chair_n that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n do_v withdraw_v its_o self_n from_o the_o tyranny_n thereof_o and_o do_v run_v the_o risk_a of_o a_o irrecoverable_a destruction_n in_o which_o affair_n as_o in_o all_o other_o we_o will_v only_o observe_v how_o much_o humane_a prudence_n and_o design_n contribute_v thereto_o and_o will_v rather_o adore_v with_o a_o humble_a respect_n and_o admiration_n the_o counsel_n and_o work_n of_o god_n almighty_n than_o presumptuous_o penetrate_v into_o his_o holy_a mystery_n and_o here_o we_o may_v not_o unfit_o quote_v that_o expression_n which_o tacitus_n use_v in_o his_o history_n abditos_fw-la numinis_fw-la sensus_fw-la exquirere_fw-la illicitum_fw-la nec_fw-la ideo_fw-la assequare_fw-la now_o leon_n the_o ten_o be_v a_o peaceable_a magnificent_a and_o very_a liberal_a prince_n to_o wise_a and_o learned_a man_n and_o may_v have_v pass_v for_o a_o good_a pope_n have_v he_o have_v but_o a_o indifferent_a knowledge_n of_o religion_n and_o inclination_n to_o piety_n for_o both_o which_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o be_v very_o insensible_a he_o live_v very_o splendid_o and_o have_v exhaust_v his_o treasure_n by_o the_o extravagant_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n of_o his_o court_n do_v not_o understand_v the_o art_n of_o make_v gold_n but_o be_v force_v in_o his_o necessity_n to_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o cardinal_n laurentius_n puccius_n who_o find_v all_o the_o other_o mean_n of_o get_v money_n quite_o exhaust_v bethink_v himself_o of_o indulgence_n which_o the_o pope_n disperse_v for_o money_n through_o all_o christendom_n in_o the_o most_o ample_a form_n for_o the_o service_n as_o well_o of_o the_o dead_a as_o of_o the_o live_n with_o permission_n to_o eat_v egg_n and_o milk-victual_n on_o fast-day_n with_o several_a such_o like_a privilege_n and_o the_o money_n which_o he_o hope_v to_o collect_v by_o this_o infamous_a commerce_n be_v already_o dispose_v of_o and_o that_o especial_o which_o be_v to_o be_v gather_v in_o saxony_n and_o in_o all_o that_o country_n to_o the_o sea_n be_v destine_v for_o magdalen_n the_o pope_n sister_n and_o that_o they_o may_v extract_v great_a gain_n from_o this_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n a_o commission_n of_o collect_v such_o money_n be_v give_v to_o one_o arcimboldus_fw-la a_o bishop_n in_o name_n and_o habit_n only_o but_o a_o man_n that_o be_v incomparable_o well_o verse_v in_o the_o trick_n of_o the_o genoa_n merchant_n and_o that_o will_v only_o deal_v out_o commission_n to_o
such_o as_o bid_v most_o for_o they_o and_o who_o only_a prospect_n be_v the_o advantage_n and_o gain_v that_o can_v be_v make_v of_o '_o they_o now_o it_o be_v ancient_o the_o custom_n in_o saxony_n for_o the_o st._n augustine_n hermit_n to_o preach_v the_o indulgence_n but_o arcimboldus_fw-la his_o commissioner_n know_v the_o great_a experience_n they_o have_v in_o that_o sort_n of_o work_n dare_v not_o trust_v they_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v out-witted_n by_o they_o therefore_o they_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o dominican_n this_o procedure_v touch_v the_o austin_n monk_n to_o the_o quick_a while_o they_o see_v it_o reflect_v on_o their_o reputation_n and_o infringe_v their_o right_n and_o privilege_n but_o the_o dominican_n to_o show_v their_o diligence_n in_o their_o new_a employ_v preach_v up_o their_o merchandise_n extreme_o to_o the_o great_a scandal_n of_o their_o auditor_n while_o the_o commissary_n spend_v in_o riotous_a debauch_n what_o the_o poor_a peasant_n have_v scrape_v together_o to_o redeem_v their_o sin_n withal_o thereupon_o luther_n a_o monk_n of_o st._n augustine_n order_n take_v occasion_n to_o preach_v against_o this_o impudent_a and_o scandalous_a commerce_n and_o after_o that_o he_o have_v thorough_o examine_v the_o whole_a contrivance_n he_o propose_v ninety_o five_o thesis_n upon_o that_o matter_n at_o wittenburg_n in_o the_o year_n 1517._o against_o which_o john_n tetsel_v a_o dominican_n friar_n of_o frankford_n on_o the_o other_o propose_v as_o many_o quite_o contrary_a the_o dispute_n be_v thus_o commence_v they_o begin_v both_o to_o write_v at_o large_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o proposition_n but_o while_o luther_n have_v the_o scripture_n and_o reason_n on_o his_o side_n his_o adversary_n can_v not_o defend_v his_o opinion_n by_o any_o strong_a argument_n than_o the_o church_n and_o pope_n authority_n this_o oblige_a luther_n to_o go_v far_o and_o to_o search_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o to_o examine_v in_o what_o condition_n the_o church_n then_o be_v whereby_o he_o more_o and_o more_o discover_v the_o error_n and_o abuse_n thereof_o and_o sharp_o reprehend_v the_o scandalous_a life_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o monk_n and_o prove_v that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v oblige_v to_o reform_v such_o abuse_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v be_v support_v by_o they_o he_o very_o advantageous_o represent_v their_o condition_n power_n and_o grandeur_n whereof_o the_o priest_n have_v before_o give_v little_a and_o contemptible_a idea_n and_o vilify_v they_o extreme_o by_o which_o mean_v his_o doctrine_n be_v receive_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o person_n and_o spread_v itself_o mighty_o in_o a_o small_a time_n sect._n 26._o but_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v how_o a_o poor_a inconsiderable_a monk_n can_v give_v so_o terrible_a a_o blow_n to_o the_o pope_n authority_n we_o must_v observe_v that_o next_o to_o the_o divine_a direction_n and_o concurrence_n the_o fit_a juncture_n of_o time_n do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o the_o so_o strange_a success_n of_o this_o mighty_a work_n as_o likewise_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n mind_n at_o that_o very_a time_n for_o first_o the_o cause_n of_o luther_n concern_v the_o indulgence_n be_v so_o just_a and_o reasonable_a that_o several_a famous_a divine_n range_v themselves_o on_o his_o side_n though_o they_o afterward_o fall_v off_o from_o he_o as_o well_o as_o some_o cardinal_n and_o george_n duke_n of_o saxony_n himself_n and_o his_o adversary_n be_v such_o person_n that_o all_o honest_a man_n be_v scandalize_v at_o their_o ignorance_n and_o malice_n beside_o there_o be_v no_o body_n at_o first_o that_o can_v have_v be_v persuade_v the_o business_n will_v have_v go_v so_o far_o luther_n himself_o do_v not_o then_o dream_v of_o his_o revolt_n from_o the_o pope_n maximilian_n the_o emperor_n be_v not_o averse_a to_o luther_n doctrine_n and_o when_o he_o hear_v of_o he_o he_o be_v report_v to_o have_v say_v they_o shall_v keep_v that_o monk_n for_o he_o there_o be_v only_o a_o few_o monk_n and_o the_o commissary_n of_o the_o indulgence_n who_o trade_n be_v like_a to_o go_v to_o wrack_n that_o oppose_v themselves_o and_o they_o make_v such_o ado_n that_o by_o their_o folly_n and_o imprudence_n they_o raise_v a_o little_a spark_n of_o fire_n into_o a_o mighty_a and_o dangerous_a combustion_n now_o christendom_n at_o that_o time_n be_v in_o a_o very_a miserable_a condition_n the_o whole_a world_n be_v plunge_v into_o unnecessary_a ceremony_n the_o malicious_a monk_n rule_v uncontroul_o over_o the_o mind_n and_o conscience_n of_o the_o laity_n which_o they_o have_v fetter_v in_o undissoluble_a band_n the_o divinity_n of_o those_o time_n be_v degenerate_v into_o mere_a sophistry_n and_o banter_v the_o priest_n define_v their_o opinion_n and_o lay_v down_o their_o proposition_n without_o ever_o put_v themselves_o to_o the_o trouble_n of_o prove_v they_o and_o the_o way_n of_o live_v of_o the_o then_o clergy_n from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a do_v contract_v the_o odium_n and_o contempt_n of_o all_o the_o world_n the_o two_o precede_a pope_n alexander_n the_o six_o and_z julius_z the_o second_o have_v make_v their_o memory_n stink_n and_o leave_v a_o very_a bad_a name_n behind_o they_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o vice_n their_o quarrelsomness_n infidelity_n ambition_n and_o other_o such_o qualification_n very_o much_o disagree_v with_o the_o requisite_n of_o a_o clergyman_n the_o bishop_n if_o they_o be_v any_o thing_n worth_a be_v nevertheless_o deep_o embroil_v in_o worldly_a affair_n and_o most_o of_o they_o lead_v a_o very_a scandalous_a life_n be_v better_o verse_v in_o the_o hunt_n of_o beast_n than_o in_o the_o apostolic_a way_n of_o catch_a man_n the_o priest_n and_o monk_n be_v plunge_v over_o head_n and_o ear_n in_o ignorance_n and_o give_v a_o great_a scandal_n to_o the_o common_a people_n by_o their_o debauch_n and_o irregular_a life_n as_o they_o be_v become_v unsupportable_a to_o all_o the_o world_n by_o their_o insatiable_a avarice_n and_o thirst_n after_o riches_n beside_o those_o that_o oppose_v themselves_o first_o against_o luther_n be_v miserable_o ignorant_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n infamous_a monk_n who_o not_o be_v use_v to_o his_o way_n of_o dispute_v be_v at_o the_o first_o bout_n confound_v and_o can_v not_o tell_v where_o to_o lay_v hold_n on_o he_o and_o though_o in_o the_o precede_a time_n the_o clergy_n be_v as_o bad_a as_o then_o yet_o the_o universal_a ignorance_n of_o those_o barbarous_a age_n do_v not_o let_v it_o appear_v but_o afterward_o when_o europe_n begin_v to_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o bloom_a dawn_n and_o restoration_n of_o letter_n their_o spot_n and_o deformity_n be_v expose_v to_o every_o man_n naked_a eye_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o priest_n and_o monk_n who_o eye_n be_v offend_v and_o dazzle_v by_o the_o new-appearing_a light_n be_v so_o much_o incense_v against_o those_o instauratores_fw-la literarum_fw-la and_o seek_v all_o way_n to_o suppress_v they_o and_o because_o they_o will_v do_v it_o with_o good_a ground_n they_o make_v a_o work_n of_o religion_n of_o it_o which_o oblige_v the_o man_n of_o learning_n to_o ridicule_n their_o simplicity_n and_o to_o labour_v more_o and_o more_o to_o discover_v their_o shameful_a ignorance_n thus_o the_o monk_n begin_v a_o impudent_a quarrel_n against_o johannes_n reuchlinus_n and_o right_a or_o wrong_n will_v prove_v he_o a_o heretic_n where_o they_o shameful_o confound_v themselves_o and_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o learned_a gentleman_n ulrich_n van_fw-mi hutten_n as_o i_o take_v it_o to_o rally_v they_o most_o strange_o in_o his_o epistolis_fw-la obscurorum_fw-la virorum_fw-la now_o whilst_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o heat_n and_o bitterness_n between_o the_o champion_n and_o persecutor_n of_o learning_n the_o business_n of_o luther_n very_o opportune_o fall_v out_o at_o the_o same_o time_n therefore_o the_o monk_n use_v all_o their_o art_n and_o persuasion_n to_o engage_v the_o learned_a to_o oppose_v luther_n thereby_o to_o suppress_v both_o party_n with_o their_o own_o arm_n which_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o most_o of_o the_o cultores_fw-la bonarum_fw-la literarum_fw-la range_v themselves_o on_o luther_n side_n as_o in_o effect_n no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o learned_a erasmus_n of_o rotterdam_n have_v a_o great_a share_n in_o this_o reformation_n by_o discover_v and_o public_o reprehend_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o error_n and_o abuse_n by_o reject_v their_o scholastic_a divinity_n by_o exciting_a the_o people_n to_o the_o read_n of_o the_o bible_n and_o the_o ancient_a father_n by_o turn_v into_o ridicule_n the_o barbarity_n and_o ignorance_n both_o of_o the_o priest_n and_o monk_n and_o in_o short_a by_o favour_v in_o general_a the_o cause_n of_o luther_n at_o the_o first_o though_o his_o hot_a