naturall sustenance are caused to worke mischiefes not tollerable by lawe For the Phisiognomer learned and saw sundry times that diuers fathers of many Children not able to prouide sustenance for them were constrained throgh great néede to steale through which practise exercised their Children like endeuoured for the helpe of their parents néede and confessed a lyke matter at the place of execution So that the Philosopher giueth or sheweth this not as an inâ—orced precept but rather peâ—swadeth that in the cause of a necessitie the same to be procured as a rule in miserie which to the beholder may lyke appeare And the Mother Philosopher Asculanus vttereth a sum of the matter afore taught Ben se voria plicar li cinqui rami Metendo el primo fra le do piu apresso Dicendo hor toi poi che tanto mami Poi laltre cinque del sinistro tronco Volatere in verso gliochij de si stesso Chi mai si fida in rosso guercio e cionco By which he concludeth that no trust is to bée had in those women and men heing red of colour and gogle eyed or one eyed and bunch backeâ— also the reason is allâ—adged in the same booke where he reporteth these wordes Quando tu vidi quisti zoppi e glombi Impio fo el segno de la parte Et anche quisti cum li flexi lombi Defecto corporal fa lalma ladra In pegiorando dicon le lor carte Sonno superbi e de la mala quadra The shoulder-pointes well formed both in the length and breadth doe denote a good disposition and nature to consist in that Creature after the minde of the Learned Conciliatour The shoulder-points discerned thin in the composition of nature do signifie such an one to bee a niggard couetous and fearful in attempts or Enterprises The shoulder points beeing formed vnequall signisieth the vnequall actions of such a Creature and dull of capacity The shoulder points being thin and leane doe witnesse as Michael Scotus reporteth a weake person féeble of courage fearefull not wel bearing or enduring earnest labour lightly crediting quiet of behauiour and conuertible either vnto good or euill The shoulder points formed large and bigge through the flesh signifieth as writeth Michaell Scotus a strong person faithfull yet a niggarde grosse of wit féeding simple well enduring painfull labour féeding sufficiently and willingly desiring quietnesse The Shoulder pointes appearing bended inward doth intimate after the minde and opinion of Scotus such a person to be wary sluggish and after a manner ingenuous secret and an vndergroper of men The Shoulder-pointes discerned flat lying in a manner to the bodie do signifie as affirmeth Michael Scotus a simple person a niggard Laborious modest both in his talke and feeding and quiet of behauiour yet creâ—yting lightly and conuertible eyther vnto the good or euill The shoulder points decerned vnequall that the one be bigger or larger than the other doo denote a sluggishe person of a grosse wytte of a dull capacitie and vnderstanding simple grosse in féeding yea a nyggard deceytfull a betrayer bolde and hardly credyting if wee maye credite Scotus in these The shoulder pointes séene farre bearing out doe wytnesse â—uch a person as affirmeth Michael Scotus to be of an open lyfe in his conditions that is to say vaine simple vnstable a lyar enuious bolde vnshamefast and a brawler The iudgement of the Armes The xxxvii Chapter THe Armes so long that the handes reache vnto the knées doe denote the subtilnesse of wit arrogancie and the desire to rule Aristotle reporteth that these notes séeme to signifie boldenesse honestie with a liberalitie The lyke long armes some suppose that the mightie king Alexander had Nor it is vnlike to that which the sonne of Zachariâ— affirmeth that in some to argue arrogancie and in othersome a desire to rule and gouern and in both a boldnesse and stowt courage The selfe-same reporteth Albertus in de Animalibus and in compendio suae Theologiae and like Hieronimus de Manfredis and the Learned Rasis For that lengthening out and longnesse of the armes proceedeth of the great heat of the hart with a moisture proportioned which is the chéefest cause of the lengthning out as may well bee comprehended by the former Wordes of the Phisiognomer When such a length or longnesse is extended vnto the thighes or hammes it doth intimate wicked conditions and such as reioyce at other mens harmes in that those persons are excéeding malicious and enuious And some affirmeth that this note doth argue fearfulnes also to be ignorant and a louer of discord Such which with a gréedie desire to meate doe bring the mouth to the hands being especially caused through the shortnesse of the armes and euill forme of the hands not orderly wrought are iudged to be wicked and enuious for that enuy is the daughter of coldnesse and drinesse the plannet Saturne engendring her The Armes thinne or slender if they shall bee weake doe witnesse a rude person and vnapt to learne The armes bigge through the bones sinnues and flesh doe indicate a strong nature and if the vaines appeare it doth then declare a hot quality When the armes are bigge with soft flesh doe then demonstrate a womanly Nature The Physiognomers report that the Armes verie hayrie doe denote such a person to bee Luxurious Aristotle vnto King Alexander writeth that when such a Person whiles he talketh mooueth the hands too and fro is iudged enuious a deceyuer and one pleasant in words Such a person which refraineth mouing of the handes whiles he talketh is argued to be of a perfect vnderstanding well disposed of a singular wit and readie counsell verie commendable the reason doth the Physiognomer vtter in the Chapter of the Paces The perfect length of euerie person after the minde of Albertus in compendio suae Theologiae in accounting from the top of the forhead and beginning of the Crefi of the bead vnto the sole of the foote is noted to bee so much these beeing of sound limbes and composition as is the space discerned betwéene the two ends of the middle Fingers the armes right retched out The armes so long that béeing stretched out reach to the knées which seldome so hapneth doth then denote such a person to be liberall bold high-minded of a gréedie desire weake of body simple of wit foolish and vaine-glorious as Writeth Michael Scotus The armes ouer short in respect of the stature of the body do signifie a contentious person vnthankefull bold enuious prowd foolish and a niggard as affirmeth Scotus The armes bigge through the bones sinewes and much fleshe do signifie a person sufficient strong prowd of a light cause presumptuous enuious desirous of bewtifull things and lightly crediting as writeth Michaell Scotus The armes fatte and brawned doe signifie a person vaine glorious coueting pleasaunt things and more foolishe than wittie in the doing of things as witnesseth Michael Scotus The armes very hearie whether they be leane or fatte
violence to consist in him which of Aristotle is applied to the passion The breath passing foorth troubled and thiâ—ke as if the same were after a course of running or through some strong accidents doth then denote such a person to be violent vnaduised hasty and yrefull When the breath shall bee decerned short and thicke and through a much cutting off stopped betwéen such a creature of the Philosopher Aristotle is iudged fearefull weake of courage and strength That person which with the sight and counteâ—â—nce séemeth as he were bereft with a certaine â—odlinesse and pittifulnesse such a one saith the Phisiognomer is iudged to bee then taken and wrapped with the furious passion of loue The singuler Philosopher Aristotle vttereth vnto the mighty King Alexander that when he saith you shall sée a person much and long together beholding yea and earnestly looking on your face and that when you againe behold him so looking is of the same abashed and therwith blusheth and giueth specially at that instant a sigh against the will and that teares appeare standing in his eies such a person vndoubtedly loueth and feareth you But if you sée the contrary vnto this then iudge that creature to regard you little and to be one that is both enuious and disdainefull The breath decerned lowd cut betwéene and the sigh appearing the like doth witnesse sorrow and heauinesse for some losses happened to that Creature Hipocrates Galen and certaine other Phisitions report that the breath perceiued passing forth cold by the mouth and Nostrils in a sharpe sicknesse doth innuate death shortly after to ensue Ptolomeus paruus vttereth that he which often wéepeth for no cause reasonable shall alwaies be poore and néedy The breath by report of Michael Scotus comming out so soft that the same can scant be heard doth denote such a person to be greatly encombred with thought which condition of thought the eyes in a manner will declare The breath which is decerned sometimes still and within a good while after is drawne and fetched in ouerfast dooth argue such a creature as that Scotus writeth to bée then occupied with a present great heauinesse of the mind The head if it shaketh as he sigheth according to the mind of Scotus then for the weight of the matter euill handled and euill spoken off it argueth him to be sorry If he doth the like with the eyes intentiue or steddy looking such a person bethinketh him rather of the euils then repenterh him as Michael Scotus writeth The breath heard light breathing out by little and little without noyse dooth denote after the mind of Scotus such a person to be of an vpright mind The person which is heard to breath loud and smileth withall is iudged of Michael Scotus to be furious and a drunkard Such a person decerned breathing troubled and thicke as though he had lately run is denoted to be wilfull foole hardy irefull and of a wicked mind desiring all things what he séeth and talking of all things that he heareth He which breatheth on high and that the breath séemeth to passe through the nostrils thick quick doth argue such a creature after the mind of Scotus to be fearefull and sorrowfull Such also are noted to bee effeminate when as the other notes fortifie the same The breath so comming forth as if the subiect were encombred with the hardnesse of fetching breath such a Creature is reported of Michaell Scotus to be simple of a peruerse minde full of words and desirous of all things that he séeth The forme and iudgement of the chin The xxxij Chapt. THe chin decerned very long doth argue the abundance of matter in that by reason of the ouermuch hotnesse the same is lengthned out of which such are knowne to bee irefull cruell and hasty yet these sometimes are found to be full of words and sometimes boasters of themselues as â—oth Palemon and Constantine write Such which haue the chinne formed small and short are persons especially to bee eschewed for besides the other conditions consisting in them such are vncurteous yea rather rigorous full of wâ—â—es and enuious for these of Palemon aptlie apâ—lied â—nto the Serpent 〈◊〉 conceiue that Phisiognomy and Paulmâ—â—â—y are more manifested of experience than by â—eason yet somewhat may be vttered of the prâ—â—cipaller members which expresse the gâ—eatneâ—â—e and smalnesse of matter from the beginâ—ing of â—eneration If the chinne be sharp or formed into a round manner doth indicate effeminate conditions and a fâ—â—ble courage In that this is a feminate nâ—te as Pythagoras vttereth For the mans chin after naâ—ure ought to be formed in a square manner and not found If the vnder chin be séene so fat that the â—â—me reâ—â—heth downe to the throate doth indicate mosâ— great luxury to consist in that creature if a pit oâ— hole be especially decerned in either chéeke The chin formed of a decent or comely bignes doth denote such a person to be prone vnto the veneâ—all act yet iudge him to bee much bound 〈◊〉 God for the guifts lent him Here conceiue saiâ—â— the Phisiognomer that the chin ought to be formed neither too round nor ouer sharpe but in â— meane manner vnto a squarenesse The Chinne at the lower ende séene so doâ—uded that the same expresseth a double forme in such manner as this be not too much or too déepe dented in the middle dooth then argue as certaine report deceitfull conditions to consist in that Creature But this knowne to be a note of Venus in that place after the mind of the Phisiognomer Cocles and such a person like formed shall purchase with men great fauour and grace As the like Cocles experienced in many subiects which were knowne to bee lasciuious and that haunted the company of Harlots yea these with the Cyneds had sundry times doing and suffering There be some which haue a pit formed on breadth and by an equall line stretching as on length that more coroborateth the phisiognomers sentence The chin formed so crooked vp that the Lips séeme as they were standing in a valley doth denote the rudenesse of wit vnfaithfulnesse wicked conditons and sometimes such are knowne to be theeues vnlesse old age cause the same through the losse of many téeth The singuler Aristotle in tertio de Animalibus vttereth that such which haue the chin deuided do lesse wax bald and shed fewer haires then other Creatures The chin formed sharpe and thin or slender through an emptinesse or lacking of flesh doth indicate a bold and stout or couragious person and disdainefull The chin formed large and bigge through the much quantity of flesh doth witnesse after the minde of M. Scotus such a creature to be quiet of a meane capacity dull of wit yet faithfull secret and conuertible either vnto the good or euill The chin formed sharp sufficiently full of flesh doth denote as Michael Scotus reporteth such a person to be of a good vnderstanding lofty minded and one that feedeth sufficiently bold in
cause the vapours cannot haue their frée passage foorth seeing the penetration in them at that age is prohibited But the moysture of the selfe 〈◊〉 ioyned in old age is consumed and dried wheâ—â— of the bones are caused more open and the vapâ—â—â— frée do consequently ascend thorough which the hairs of the ouerbrows are then procured to grow long The haires of the ouer-browes thicke and so long streatched out that they séeme in a maner to shaddow the sight denoteth in that person the excesse of heat The ouerbrowes thin of haires and the places much fleshy denoteth a slowe and dull capacity and coldnes ruling in the principal members as the learned Thaddeus writeth The haires of the ouer-browes néere touching and in a manner ioyned togither are noted to be the woorst condition of all others in that the Browes like formed doe argue a wicked person full of mischiefe vngracious workes and déeds giuen to wicked Arts. As the like the learned Ioan Indagines affirmeth that he obserued in sundry old Witches brought to bee burned hauing the like ouerbrowes The learned Physitian Thaddeus reporteth that he obserued a iolly Captain a great trauailer a Pirate on the Sea and a rauisher of Maydens in the Ciâ—ty of Nymburge thrée yeares before hée was cruelly slaine of the Tartarians who had the like ouerbrowes with the eyes glistering and firy spots in them hauing also an yreful fierce countenance and manne of colour in the face That the forme of this person may nearer be vnderstood and Learned of the professors of the Art dooth conceiue this figure héere afore demonstrated liuely to the eye The haires of the ouerbrowes white as reporteth Ioan. Indagines doe argue an effeminate person lightly beléeuing and foolish If the crooking of the haires declineth vnto the temples and to the bossing out of the chéekes denoteth him to be negligent and foolish The ouerbrwes if they reatch out long and appeare thicke of haires argueth meditating and bethinking mighty matters as the Physiognomer reporteth The Physiognomer Cocles héere placeth an other example of a certaine person that hée noted in his time which by reason of the ouermuch hotnesse consisting in him was knowne to bee a foole full of words furious yrefull euill tongued and vnpatient whose positure and forme of parts is thus described He had the head pinaple like the voice lowd â—â—â—â—ke of spéech and in stature 〈…〉 muscuâ—ous Sanguine yet tending vnto 〈◊〉 The eares were great the forhead bearing out â—â—ter a round maner the ouerbrows ioined togither and much hairy the eies small hollow standing glistering and Fieâ—y the Nose flatte and hollow in the middle at the chéekes bony and some-what flat â—the mouth great the lips thicke and foâ—lded or turned outward the Teeth bigge the Chinne sharpe and long the face long the Necke Grosse and short small was the distaunce betwéene the heart and braine by which appeareth that the skill of the Anathomy is verie necessarie in this Art The shoulder-points were great and eleuateâ— with a largenesse of the breast the part afore named Methaphreâ—on was eminent and fleshy the Hipocondria great the legges short and musculous the armes long grosse or bigge the féet Big and articulated the héeles great the soales of the féet hollow a swiftnes in pace and treading short He bare the head by turning hither and thither after the manner of the Hart ouer all the body he was most hairy hauing a red colour in the Face which notwithstanding was a darke fiery In the hands he had the Cardiacke and middle naturall line very large seperated and were most red with the mensall line naked and alone in the palme of the hands were onely three lines with the rest of the tubercles and other lines infortunated and depressed that denoted a most beluin or brutish nature to consist in that person For as much aâ— Michael Scotus hath friuolously written of the ouer-browes for that cause doth the Physiognomer Cocles writingly ouer-passe his sayings in his Chapter considering they do so farre disagrée from the liuely Art And the learned Ioannes Picus greatly discommendeth this Scotus affirming him to haue written no waightie matters of importance but rather trifles and of these full of superstition Hitherto of the Ouer-browes with the liuely examples described of the Physiognomer much furthering all such as be delighted in the Art next to this doth he speak both of the vses and iudgement of the eie-lids The forme and iudgement of the Eye-liddes and haires of the liddes The 18. Chapter ISydore writeth that nature ordayned the couer of the eies or eie liddes to defende the eies from outwarde harmes as from flyes moths dust strawes and such like that might otherwise fall into them The eie liddes also be the couers with which the eies are couered and of Isydore named the eie liddes in that these â—ouer and hide the eies in saftie For the same cause the like is to be learned and vnderstanded of the nature and diuersitie of the heares as afore in the other chapter of the ouerbroowes Here in this chapter hath the Phisiognomer diligently gathered togither the sayings of the learned Conciliatore and others although but a fewe notes of them were to be founde The eie liddes which on the eie aproched nigh the angle in the lacrimall part if the same be excéeding small and thinne doth denote the disposition of the maner and malice of the forme The cause of the smalnesse of heares doth litle the matter indicate The lacrymall or inner corner of the eie when the same is little and narrowe doth signifie a craftie person as Auicen reporteth primo de Animalibus The vpper eie lidde bearing out rather blowne vp then full appearing and somewhat declining ouer the eie doth argue that person to be hawtie and disdainfull That if the neather eye lidde shall be small narrow drawne togyther in such maner that it couereth but the whyte of the eye doth denote the body to be gouerned of a drinesse of humours If this like hapneth in any cause of verie sharpe passions vnlesse nature hath so wrought the same as Hypocrates wytnesseth doth then pronounce death at hande The auncient Rasis reporteth that when the hâ—ares of the eye liddes so named of the beating of them doe crooke downewards or be naturally wrythed vnto one part doe indicate such a person to be craftie and a lyar Why the liddes are placed on the eyes doth Gulielmus Nurice thus define that by them the condition and qualitie of the eyes might the readier and better be defended and preserued from the outwarde matters euen as the sheath on a sworde for that cause such a person which hath a grosser or thicker eie lidde doth further sée from him for as much as these preserue the light of the eyes from the outwarde heate and cold And of this manye beastes sée further off than men through the grossenesse or thicknesse of the Eye-lids The corners of the eies when they be