as we see it falls out in bloud vessels for the proper aliment of every part is indued with a conglutinating faculty because more or less tenacious and viscous Aches arising in the Limbs and especially in the upper part of the Arm that are most troublesome at night after the redundance of the serous humour if there be any is diminished by Hydragogues and Sudorificks also may be taken away by anointing the part affected with the following liniment Take of Vnguentum Martiatum Oil of Worms each half an ounce Oil of Amber 1 scruple Mix them But if the pain be increased either by this liniment or onely with clothing we must use this following Take of Vnguentum Popul Nervinum each 2 drachms Oil of white Lilies 3 drachms Mix them But if the same pains affect the Hip and have so seized the lower part of the Spine especially that the Body can scarce be â—eared upright and moved Balsamus Sulphuris Terebinthinatus is most excellent if the part affected be anointed with a few drops of it with which in one night I have cured several miserable persons Fr. Sylvius VII A Woman lay ill of a violent pain about her Hip caused by a fall anointing with Oils gave her no ease By chance I had some Melilot Plaster ready I ordered it to be spread on a cloth and to be applied about night in the morning she could rise and sit at the Table whereas before she was not in the least able to stir her self I have several times applied the same to people that have got aches by a fall Thonerus Observ and with success VIII When the same woman was troubled with a great pain about her shoulders shooting through her whole right arm caused by a deep scarification the Knife being thrust deeper in than it ought when other things would doe her no good she used this Take of Oil of Earth-worms half an ounce Badger's grease Fox-grease each 2 drachms Mix them Anoint the scarified places And rub the arm with water distilled of Swallows and Castor hot When the same woman was tormented night and day with a violent pain in her right arm beginning at her shoulder and extending it self all over the arm with a swelling and she could not lift it up in a few days the pain and swelling were dissolved by the following means Take of Emplast Diacalcit 1 ounce Melilot half an ounce Mix them Spread then on a cloth A Maid being tormented with a pain in her right arm was cured in one day with a Plaster of Gum Tacamahaca as several others where the cause was not hot M. N. was tormented with an intense pain in her Loins caused by a Defluxion Take the crum of a white loaf steept in Cow's milk then passed through a brass sieve adding Yelks of Eggs and fresh butter and the following Oil Take of Oil of Chamaemil Dill white Lilies each 2 ounces oil of Earth-worms 1 ounce and an half Of which take what is sufficient for once and apply it hot with a cloth She presently sound ease A Widow 70 years of age had a violent pain in her loins Take of Ointment of Marshmallows Anodyn each 2 scruples fat of a Rabbet 1 drachm and an half Oil of Scorpions 2 drachms Mix them The pain presently ceased In Aches of the armes and feet I have often found fresh Cows dung with Oil of Roses doe good A Woman with Child was tormented with a kind of convulsive pain in her thighs Take Oil of Swallows with Castor 1 ounce Treacle water Cephalick water Spirit of Lily Convall each 2 drachms Mix them Chafe it warm She was quickly well A Woman was troubled with a rackinig pain in her right Arm from her Shoulder to her Fingers ends so that she cried out Take Oil of Earth-worms half an ounce Fat of a Man's Skull of a Badger each 2 drachms mix them She was quickly restored A Noble-man was cured of a chronical pain in his right arm by applying Oxycroceum Plaster having used other things to no purpose Two great men who had been long afflicted with a violent pain in their Shoulders were at last cured with this remedy Take Soap dissolve it in Aqua vitae and apply it This cured a Woman of a violent pain in her feet Take of Vnguent Alabastr Anod each half â—n ounce Oil of Worms 2 drachms Camphire 2 grains Idem mix them IX In mitigating and driving away all pains of the nervous parts coming from a cold cause and from Contusions Balsam of Peru seems to have the preheminence because of its amicable and peculiar faculty in strengthening the Nerves and dissolving any inherent matter A woman after a Palsie in her left side was tormented with a very bitter paâ—â— all over her Chine and in the Knee and Toes of her left Leg and had a kind of convulsive motion in them but she was quite rid of her trouble in three or four times anointing A Merchant was troubled with a very grievous Sciatica and when other Ointments were in vain he anointed the place affected with this Balsam hot to his great comfort A Maid had pricked her right hand with a spindle after the Chirurgeon had cured the wound she was much pained and when other Ointments did no good she was cured by anointing with this Balsam When I felt some trouble from a Contusion of my right Hand which lasted above a month Iâ—em it went away at thrice anointing Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Fat and Marrow Pet. Joh. Faber if they be converted chymically into Oil are accounted a present Remedy to ease pains 2. An excellent Oil to allay all pains in children Take Oil of Dill Chamaemil each 6 drachms Rue liquid Styrax each 3 drachms powder of Cummin-seed 1 drachm and an half Let them boil up once Leon. Favellinus Strain it and keep it for use wherewith the pained place may be anointed 3. Sulphur vitrioli Anodynum is an excellent Anodyne Take of Hungarian Vitriol what is sufficient boil it in distilled water for an hour throw in pieces of plated Steel boil it for an hour so an excellent Sulphur will be extracted from the plates brush it off with a brush into hot water it may be repeated to a total extraction Edulcorate this Sulphur with Rose-water and keep it Joh. Pharamunâ— Rheumelius The dose is three or four grains with Syrup of Popies it assuages all pain and causes sleep 4. Take of the second rind of green Elder boughs scraped off with a Knife 1 handfull boil it in sweet Oil with water to the consumption of the water when it is strained add a little Wax to it Observ Riverio communic Make an Ointment It assuages all pain caused by Blisters and is an excellent remedy 5. Lapis Prunellae dissolved in some liquor as in Night-shade water is of great efficacy in assuaging any pains Rolfinck whose true cause is inward or outward
marvellous efficacy given from half a drachm to a whole one in Malignant fevers Small Pox Measles yea and the Plague it self But whence comes its diaphoretick virtue considering its astrictive faculty Simon Pauli Quadrip Botan p. m. 225. affirms it is used to stop the ebullition of the bloud not to raise a sweat for as it is far better to spit on a spark that it may not burn and consume a whole House with the flame which it would rise to so it is most advisable by cold and dry things such as Antimonium diaphoreticum is and also Root of Tormentil Bistort which are astrictive and Diaphoretick Bole Armenick Terra Sigillata burnt Hartshorn Calx Antimonii c. to stop the burning of the bloud or the fermentation following it which if it exceed measure so as the circulation of the bloud being altogether disturbed the bloud be unspeakably corrupt it can neither return again to its natural habit and the contagion which follows that corruption that takes so many off is called the Plague whose fomes seminary or contagion you will never cast out of the Body except by Alexitericks or Sudorificks But this reason does not yet satisfie for if it held good the cure would not be safe while the cause of this burning or ebullition would not by this means be taken away and Opiates were better able to doe this work Nay Whence proceeds the usual eruption of Sweat after the use of the enumerated Medicines which are cold and dry Diaphoreticks Wherefore I judge that Antimonium Diaphoreticum as also the other Medicines are not indeed among the number of those Sudorificks that have the faculty of attenuating and dissolving gross humours but that they are such as imitating Nature do by their fixing and precipitating virtue which depends on a peculiar texture of the parts fix and precipitate the morbifick ferments or the volatile Sulphureous Salts Frid. Hofmannus Clavis Schroderiana p. 303. and also strengthen the Tone which being done the tumultuating faculty of the Archaeus is quieted and throws off what is troublesome by Sweat or Urine from the Lympha or mass of bloud XXIX We must take notice that Oxyrrhodina are not so convenient in Malignant as in Simple Putrid fevers because the dispersing of poisonous vapours must be procured by all means and not hindred therefore gentle repellents must be made use of or if the violence of the Symptoms be urgent we may proceed to strong ones Riverius so they be not kept long on XXX In Malignant fevers we must have a care of Epithemes for they may by no means be used in poisonous Diseases Mercatus and therefore we must avoid them as a pernicious Poison ¶ In Malignant fevers we must utterly avoid cold Epithemes which are proper for the Heart but they must rather be applied warm for otherwise there is fear lest when the Malignity is translated and struck back from the Circumference to the Center more harm than good result from it Therefore cordial Baggs are besprinkled with no liquours Wedellus but what are spirituous for fear of repulsion XXXI If the extreme parts happen to be cold there is great suspicion of Malignity and Languidness of faculty for that Coldness testifies there are both these Causes to wit a Malignant Putrescence of the Humours in the Bowels or Ulcers or great Inflammations or violent pains in the Intestines all these things force the heat to run inwards and to desert the out parts In this case there should be the greatest care imaginable to recall the heat and by all means to keep these parts in an equal temper with the other parts For although this coldness of the Feet be no cause of the Disease but a Symptome yet it is removed by revocation of the Heat that is of the Bloud and Spirits And nothing is more beneficial than to call them back because of the harm of their running to the internals which increases the inflammation and other affections of the Inwards and the heat it self by its being pent in is the cause of its own extinction Therefore we may not apply cold things to the Feet lest the burning heat be repelled inwards for in colliquating Fevers applications are best made to the Body between the Armholes and the Groin it is well if you can keep them from being cold Vallesius XXXII When in Continual yea in Malignant severs where a Delirium is imminent or the Patient cannot sleep we apply Plasters to the Soles of the Feet which are held to be applied for revulsion sake truly here is a notorious fallacy of the Cause committed For they are all hot things which abound with their volatile Salts and are of very thin parts Pigeons cut open alive pickled Herrings split Horseradish Leven with Salt Mustard c. Hence while in the said extreme parts of the Body both the venous and arterious Bloud being burnt up with the febrile heat is made heavy and dull cannot freely circulate these very things applied to the Soles of the Feet do attenuate melt and put in fusion that fixt Bloud and Serum by means of those subtile and volatile Salts wherewith they abound and so by accident while the free circulation of the bloud is procured in the Feet and it cannot restagnate into the Head Simon Pauli natural sleep creeps on XXXIII The use of Wine in this Fever sometimes is very beneficial for it is a great cordial and very opposite to Malignity Yet it often does harm by increasing the feverish heat Wherefore the constitution of the Patient and Nature of the Disease must be well considered If the Fever be small the poisonous quality intense and the Patient Phlegmatick mixt with water it may be given safely and successfully In a violent Fever and a cholerick Body Wine is destructive I have by infinite experiences observed these things especially in the purple Fever which was at Mompelier anno 1623. distinguishable from the true Plague onely by the Bubo For to those Patients whose Pulse was not very frequent but like the Pulse of a healthy man their Tongue moist and no thirst I gave Wine with good success and the relief thence emerging indicated the continuation of it both because the Fever was not heightned by the use of it and there was no thirst nor driness of Tongue raised In what Patients the contraries were I forbad them Wine altogether Yet we must observe never to give Wine in the first days lest the crude matter be too much moved but onely about the State when the signs of Malignity begin more fully to exert themselves Riverius XXXIV In the year 1623. after the Siege of Mompelier a very Malignant fever raged for several months of which half that were sick died and they peculiarly who had the Parotides or swellings of the Kernels behind the Ears which came usually about the ninth or tenth day of the sickness did all die And when I had seen several such but could
be frequently stirred which is not necessary when the matter is not fixt And he orders burning upon the Joint which has no place in the case preceding except when the Pain fixes pertinaciously in some one place Nor does he reckon it always necessary upon the joint but where the pain fixes and it flies sometimes in one place sometimes in another And he burns with raw Flax and Fungi Idem Ibid. Concerning which see Book XIX Tit. de Cauteriis XI Mr. N. was tormented with a cruel and almost incurable pain of the Sciatica in his right Hip. Divers and very violent Purges were given him Blisters were drawn Opiates given a Vein opened in the Foot but all in vain supposing the pain arose from a cold cause and thick phlegmatick humours But observing that his Stools were very cholerick and that there was a pulsatil pain and inflammation in the Abdomen I altered my method of cure betook my self to coolers and advised drinking of the Waters hereupon the cure went on with great success so that in two days the inflammation was gone though the pain was not quite abated And when I observed the pain was vagrant that it sometimes caused a straitness about the Mesentery and sometimes fell from the Hip into the Leg I supposed the Disease came from abundance of thick and hot bloud which trying to get out and not being able to doe it creates so great trouble therefore I advised and the rather because I understood that he had formerly been subject to the Piles the applying of Leeches My advice was followed five Leeches were set to the haemorrhoid veins which when they were full of bloud being besprinkled with Salt and Ashes they discharged about six ounces of bloud The bloud looked red and very thick Aug. Thonetus void of all Serum After this the great pain invincible by other things vanished XII The Sciatica is sometimes bred of Bile and hot Humours which indeed may be known when the Pain is very sharp and pricking and the fits are sharper every other day the party is lean of a cholerick constitution young the Countrey and season hot the pain is exasperated by hot things and bilious diseases have preceded Then Medicines must be directed for Bile and a hot intemperature Therefore then there will be convenient Phlebotomy Purges for Choler sometimes gentle sometimes strong adding Diagrydiates that the morbifick matter may be carried off cooling Juleps emollient and cooling Clysters Milk Bathing c. Always taking care to avoid aperients Incrassaters should rather be chosen Riverius such as are proposed in a hot and thin Catarrh Narcoticks Laudanum given both at the Mouth and in Clysters XIII Hippocrates lib. de affect mentions a Sciatica from the driness of the Joint By Driness do not understand a dry intemperature of the solid parts constituent of the Joint it self but a consumption of its glutinous humidity whereby it is naturally nourished and made supple for better motion If it happen that this humidity be dried up by any cause then the motion is hindred with pain Hippocrates l. 3. aph 16. tells us that such Diseases come in dry constitutions He that will cure these Diseases every external and preceding cause being removed let him endeavour the restitution of the natural humidity let him prescribe a Diet actually and potentially cooling a Bath of Water with Sheep's Head and Feet Mallow Marshmallow c. boiled in it P. Salius Diversus walking gently and emollient Ointments Let all sorts of evacuation be avoided XIV A Porter in violent cold weather stood with his Legs in Water for several hours upon which a violent pain reaching from his Hip down his Thigh and Leg took him so that he could not go After a Clyster had been given him he was bled in the Arm on the same side the next day he took a strong Purge for three days following he took every morning of Spiritus Theriacalis 8 drops in Carduus Benedictus Water Riverius which Sweat him violently and his pain was taken away Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Aegineta The Herb Sciatica Cresses perfectly cures this Disease 2. One was afflicted with an intolerable Sciatica he applied Nettles boiled in Beer for a Cataplasm Fornanus and he was rid of his pain to a miracle 3. I have not found a better Medicine than a Plaster of Pitch and Brimstone ¶ Rub the place with Juice of Onion then strow on it Powder of Pepper and Nitre and tie on a Sponge Forestuâ— wet in a Decoction of Cumin and Calamint in Wine 4. This is experienced Whip the place with a Nettle till it be red and wash it with Spirit of Wine Hoëâ—erus 5. St. John's-wort drunk for forty days cures the Sciatica admirably and if two drachms of its seed be drunk it Purges the Belly and cures the Pain Marquardus 6. Root of Reed bruised and applied to the pained place is admirable good as also Ashes of Reed Mercurialis 7. Cowes Dung made hot and applied does much good Vatignana Ischuria or Stoppage of Vrine The Contents In a legitimate one which is best to use a Catheter Section or an Escharotick I. One arising from an Inflammation of the Perinaeum does not admit of a Catheter II. Giving of Clysters sometimes cures it III. The Catheter must be dextrously put in IV. It is hurtfull where the Bladder is inflamed V. When it is inflamed we must use coolers and repellents sparingly VI. The cure of one coming from a Tumour of the Bladder caused by a Catarrh VII Cured by pricking the Bladder VIII A Narcotick proved mortal IX Whether the putting in of a Silver Wire with Cotton Wool be to be approved of X. Diureticks are hurtfull XI Sometimes a large Catheter goes in more easily than a less XII Cured by making Incision in the neck of the Bladder XIII The cure of one coming from a Caruncle in the Urethra XIV From a Stone sticking in the end of the Penis XV. In a desperate one the Cure of Cantharides is safe XVI Cured by large Bloud-letting XVII The use of a Wax Candle to get out Vrine XVIII Sometimes it is stopt through some fault in the bloud the Organs being unhurt XIX The removing of a little Stone which stops the mouth of the Bladder XX. How a Stone got into the Orifice of the Vreter may be removed XXI The virtue of Volatile Salts in a bastard Ischury XXII Medicines I. IF a stoppage of Urine can be removed by no safe Remedy but see it be proper that is that the stoppage be not made above the Bladder there arises a Question Whether a Catheter must be forcibly put in or the place must be cut as for the Stone or an Escharotick Medicine must be applied and then a hole made For always in deplorable cases any way though not safe if there be any hopes in it may better be tried than the
to treat of the Cure of a Spina ventosa because no Authour has made it his business to explain it The matter of this Disease is Phlegm The place affected always the Joints never the places between the Joints primarily which if they ever be affected it is by Sympathy This is the way of its generation If Phlegm designed for the Nutrition of the Bones putrefie or grow sharp first it corrupts the Bones without any pain and then the Periosteum after the Bones A sign of it is a cutting sharp and pricking Pain so that the Patient says he is as it were prickt with a Thorn whence the Disease is called Spina And while the Patient is vext with this Pain and the Periosteum is eroding there is no Swelling as then But when the Bone is first corrupted and after that the Periosteum the Pituitous Matter having a free passage into the fleshy parts causes a Swelling in the Joint at first soft and lax and without Pain of the same colour with the Skin which being laid open grows harder because more humours flow thither the thinner part of which exhales and the thick remains out of which there comes a serous matter and the Bone appears to be corrupt by a Probe I have observed both Men and Women are subject to this Disease till they are twenty five years â—â—d not elder unless it took them before and was not then cured The Pathognomick Signs are Pains at first like the pricking of a Thorn the Joints being affected Youth a soft lax tumour which gaping pours out a Serosity and if any Pus come out it is bred of the carnous parts The Disease is hard to cure both because of the constant Conflux of Matter and the Corruption of the Bone which the worse it is the more difficult the Cure One beginning is easilier cured than an old one but it will never be cured till the Fluxion is removed and till all the corrupt Bone is taken away either by Fire or the Knife As to the Cure as soon as ever the Patient feels a pricking Pain like a Thorn in the Joints of his Hands or Feet in his Armes or Knees though this be rare or in his Ankles presently though no Swelling appear it must be cut from which we must not take away our Probe till we find the unevenness of the Bone which is a sign that the Periosteum is corrupt Then the first Indication is to remove the Caries of the Bone namely to scrape it off without which neither Ulcers nor Wounds can be healed When the Caries is removed Flesh must be bred and then it must be cicatrized after the usual way But if by reason of the depth of the place abrasory Instruments cannot be got in we must burn with actual Fire When therefore the hole is dilated by Section prepared Sponge Gentian-root or Pith of Elder an Iron Pipe must be put into it then the corrupted Bone must be burnt with a hot Iron till the skilfull Artist thinks it will separate quickly then you must prosecute the rest of the Cure as before But because it sometime happens that the whole space between two Joints is corrupt in a Finger or Toe especially in Children in this case neither Fire nor the Knife will doe but in their stead we must use a small Trepan and bore it in the middle from which with Scissers made neatly for the purpose the sides must be cut off and the whole Internodium must by little and little be taken away with a Volsella and the empty place in time is filled with Flesh which in Children grows hard and serves instead of a Bone though when the whole Internodium is taken away the Finger is shortned because the Muscles are drawn to their Head and the Softness of the Flesh gives way Now if a Physician be called when Solution of Unity is made by the pituitous Matter grown sharp by putrefaction the whole Cure must be directed to the removing of the corrupt Bone by the Contrivances and Cure before proposed in which sometimes two three or more small Bones are taken out But in scraping burning or taking out a Bone we must take heed not to hurt the Tendons for fear of Convulsions This is the topical Cure of this Disease whereto must be premised the Care of the whole body by Medicines that purge Phlegm yea by giving a Decoction of China Sarsa Guaiacum and the like Marcheâ—ti to dry VI. Bones are subject to several Diseases especially to a Caries which because it is bred divers ways These ways deserve notice Preternatural Humours upon whatever cause whether special or general they penetrate the bone sometimes they cause an Ulcerous Hypersarcosis with moistness of the Bone sometimes they produce a Cancer of the Bone or a Spina Ventosa which are Diseases that must necessarily be distinguished And because no Physician has designedly described them I have a mind to communicate what Reason and Experience have taught me The cause of an Ulcerous Hypersarcosis with a moistness of the Bone is Preternatural Phlegm which taking away the temper and hardness of the Bones the Flesh cannot be sustained by this soft foundation whereupon it loses its natural consistence its constant nutriment from the bloud turns to a soft and spongy Sarcoma this by degrees increases and at length Ulcerates whereby the Tendons Ligaments and Nerves are corrupted and the whole Limb is endangered In this case you can doe no good with Medicines till you come to the ground of all the Bone for when the Bone is cured presently the Ulcer will be cured and the Flesh will come to its self Here is occasion therefore for deep Incision to come at the Bone But if the excrescence be too big extirpate it If you find it grow again apply a flat actual Cautery having ever regard to the Bone Barbette VII The cause of a Cancer in a Bone is a sharp Humour corrupting first the Bone and then the Periosteum Here is an Ulcer both of the flesh and skin which cannot be cured till you have first cured the Bone The hole of the Ulcer is very small the lips are pale the flesh is soft and a little swelled but it does not grow again of it self as we said in an Ulcerous Hypersarcosis and here we must cut to the very Bone lengthways and then apply things to correct the corruption as Euphorbium Spirit of Vitriol mixt with Spirit of Wine c. The Powder of Turpentine boiled till it is hard is excellent in this case mixt with Vngu Fel. Wurtz or Aegyptiacum An actual Cautery is also sometimes necessary The cure is hastned also when instead of a tent of Lint Pith of Elder is used because this imbibes the sharp and thin Humours and so an opportunity is afforded to Nature for doing her work more commodiously And since these Diseases do usually depend most upon an intemperature of the mass of Bloud so that when one Cancer is almost cured another
be deep because of the Humour in the Bone For the drying up of this Humour and falling of the Bone nothing is better than an actual Cautery Next to this Euphorbium has the second place which because it is sharp and hot in the fourth degree dries up the Humours in the Bone and besides seems proper for it by an occult quality But Dioscorides and Avicenna advise that if any do use Euphorbium he guard the flesh near the Bone with Liniments because of its extreme sharpness lest by touching the flesh it raise an Inflammation Therefore it was a good while ere I durst use it for fear of Inflammation or pain yet by degrees experience taught me that though it bite the Tongue and Nose extreamly yet in Ulcers though it be strewed on plentifully it causes no Inflammation or pain Therefore I use it with good success for carious bones bare of flesh even when the Lips of the Ulcer are diminished Hildanus strowing some on them every or every other day even in Children XXVIII If Sarcoticks weaker than they should be be made use of great store of Sanies is gathered in the Ulcer and soft and flaccid flesh is bred And if over strong and drying things be used the Ulcer grows dry the Lips are red and the flesh is consumed bloody matter also comes and pain is found in the place But if the part grow red and dry as it ought naturally and no corruption run out of the Ulcer and a good colour appear in the flesh Sennertus it is a sign of a good Sarcotick Medicine XXIX If the Ulcer be with a dry Intemperature Moisteners are required Here warm water is good if the Ulcer or rather the parts near the Ulcer be bathed with it for although Hippocrates lib. de Vlceribus shows that all the Ulcers must not be wet except it be with Wine yet Galen writes that no moistening thing is good for Ulcers But he means that Moistners are not good for Ulcers Idem as such XXX One had been a long time ill of foul malignant Ulcers in his Feet He applied several things he drank many sweating Decoctions and Specificks but all in vain At last he was anointed with Quick-silver as People are for the Pox and he was fluxt and cured successfully But why does Mercury cause Salivation By its great tenuity of parts it powerfully dissolves melts and softens therefore either applied or taken whatever familiar and connate Humour it has by degrees melted it carries it all by the Glands and Salival Vessels into the Jaws and Mouth and it comes up neither by Coughing nor Vomiting Thiermaiâ— but by continual spitting XXXI A reverend Divine of a good age having laboured some Months under an Ulcer on the inside of his right Leg along the shin Bone with much pain sent for me The part affected was distempered with great heat and the Ulcer discharging a Sanies endeavours had been used to digest it with Turpentine and the yolk of an Egg and such like unsuccessfully I fomented the Ulcer and Parts about with Claret Wine and dressed it with 2 parts of Vnguent diapompholyg and 1 part of Vnguent basilicon majus with Praecipitate Upon the Lips of it I applied Pledgits spread with unguent diapomphol and an Emplaster of some of the same diapomphol over all with Compress wrung out of the Wine and rowled it up lightly placing his Leg in Bed as before The next day I brought a Decoction of leaves of Plantain tops of Bramble Horse-tail flowers of red Roses and Pomegranate flowers to which I added some Wine and while it was heating I took off the dressings and found the heat somewhat allayed and the Ulcer well disposed to digestion I stuped the Ulcer dressing the parts about with unguent Tutiae mag Vig. and rowled it up as before By this method the hot intemperies removed and the Ulcer digested after which by the help of unguentum desiccativum and the Alom-stone I cicatrized it firm to the satisfaction of the Patient and his Relations leaving him again to the care of his Physicians Sir Alex. F. and Sir Fr. Pr. by whose order I made him a Fontanel Wisâ—man's Chirurg Treat p. 172. and some while after put him on a laced Stocking XXXII A Maid of about 35 years of age of a Scorbutick habit of Body had an Issue made in her left Arm which was continued running many years but at length whether through negligence or from some other reason she suffered it to dry up The Winter following she grew very much out of order by reason of a great complication of ill Symptomes of which the most important was an intolerable pain in that Arm and place where her Issue had formerly been After various courses of Physick and external applications she was in some measure relieved and was pretty free all the following Summer but in the Winter viz. 1672. her pain returned with such violence as to afflict not only the place of the Issue with such pains that she likened it to the cutting off of the Arm but it stretched it self in a while after to the whole Arm Shoulder yea the very side it self so that many attempts being made the Chirurgeons in the Country opened two Issues on each side of the seat of the old one Many other things were done till at last she came into my hands Dr. Walter Needham was her Physician and upon examination found her afflicted with a Rheumatism for which he instituted a convenient course and judged withall that the pain of the part was from the usual way Nature had taken to the old Issue whither the sharp Humours making their passage and finding no vent did disperse themselves through all the branches of the Axillary Artery on that side viz. to the Scapulary and Thoracick branches c. the Pain being every where found according to the place of their distribution To the cure of this besides what was inwardly administred it was thought requisite to eat down deep by a caustick into the place where the old Issue had been and thereby to divide the Fibres of the Membrane of the Biceps which lay just under it and seemed to be the place of the principal pain When this was done we divided the Eschar and cut it out then filled the opening with Praecipitate and applied a Pledgit of Vnguent basilic With Oyl of Lilies upon it and dressed it up We dressed it every other day till the remaining Eschar and Slough separated then we incarned and cicatrized the Ulcer even From the time of the opening this her Pain ceased and she was well of that but laboured under a Rheumatismus in great measure it swelling her Thigh Legs Hips and lower Belly but by frequent Phlebotomy Idem p. 178. Purging and other Prescriptions she was by my said Friend happily cured XXXIII A Maid Servant living in a Noble Family had cut the inside of her right Leg by a fall upon a hot
pain heat and fuga vacui or the avoiding vacuity To pain indeed as it depends upon its causes an hot intemperies and a solution of continuity springing thence this debilitates the part and makes it unable to repell the Humours from it whence the tyed part swells But there is a far other reason of this swelling Ligatures upon the Arms stop the motion of the Blood that is flowing out at the Nose not because they attract upon the score of pain or heat but because they retard the Blood that is received from the Arteries and is a returning to the heart by the Veins from passing so speedily to the right ventricle On this foundation the vertue of Ligatures rests whilst they are made upon a sound part they hinder the Blood from flowing back by the Veins to the affected part in any plenty Rolfinc Meth. Med. p. 442. so the affected part is freed from the influx Narcoticks See Hypnoticks before Nephriticks Cysticks or Medicines for the Stone See Book 3. Calculus Renum or the Stone in the Kidneys and Book 15. Renum affectus or Diseases of the Kidneys The Contents They respect either the resolution of the Coagulum it self I. Or the Saline Acrimony and irritation of the genus membranosum II. Or the opening of the ways III. Nephriticks and Cysticks are the same IV. Nephriticks are not to be confounded V. Resolvers hurt when a Saline Acrimony offends VI. The Reins rejoice in moisture but not excessive VII Where Topicks are to be applied VIII Refrigerating ointments scarce cool because of the oyl IX Hot dissolvers of the Stone many times do hurt X. I. IT being presupposed 1. that the Material cause of the Stone is a dry concretion that in a Natural state is voided with the Urine or a Tartareous Salt consisting of an earthy and Saline matter although a viscous Humour may also concur 2. That the Blood of calculous persons add of Gouty and Hypochondriacal abounds with such Saline and Tartareous Coagulables we say that Nephritick Medicines are both such as resolve and such as mitigate and such as drive forward and so they respect 1. the resolution of the coagulum it self or the sliminess or muddiness of the Blood tending now out of the Vessels separated in the Kidneys and Bladder but not expelled whether it offend by its plenty or Nature her self fail in her expulsion and the earthy parts by the access of the saline fixed volatile turn into a coagulum such as are 1. Abstergers both watry and diluting that afford a more plentiful Serum for the draining out of those excrements and are good against gravel when there is a plentiful sediment in the Urine and the stone is a breeding 2. Sulphureous Resolvers that more intimately hinder coagulation and hinder the matter from stopping there whether they be more temperate oily obtunding and taking away Acrimony of Sperma ceti and other Aperients that are good in any obstructions stoppage of Urine stone c. or more active fusing the Blood as it were and precipitating and liquating the Serum into the Kidneys such as are chiefly Remedies of Turpentine which give the Urine a Violet smell which is a notable testimony that their vertue reaches hither the oyl of Amber c. 3. Saline Resolvers whether Acid inciding and deterging as Acidum Tartari acid mineral Spirits especially Spirit of Salt or soaty and earthy alkali's obsorbing Lyes which are of avail either through their Salt which they keep retir'd or from their notable vertue of absorbing saline Humours as Crabs-eyes the Salts of plants the tincture of Tartar c. whence belong hither most of the more generous Aperient Diureticks and Lithontripticks From hence it appears why Acid and Lixivious Medicines also are good in the stone namely both of them resolve correct glutinosity and destroy a preternatural coagulum likewise other things that take away grumescence or clodding and resolve coagulation which also are good when clods of Blood stop about the Bladder II. Or 2. they respect the saline acrimony and irritation of the genus Membranosum and are temperating moistening cooling absorbing whether the parenchyma and Membranous and Nervous passages be hurt by an acrimonious caustick Salt as it is common upon taking Cantharides to have all the harm accrew to the Kidneys and Bladder alone or from the weight and sharp corners of the coagulated Stone Such are 1. those things that are common as it were to both temperate and demulcing aqueous Remedies not Saline Sweet and Mucilaginous as Gum Tragacanth Gum Arabick the pulp of Cherries and Cassia Raisins Sebestens Conserve of the flowers of Mallows commended by Amatus Fernelius's Syrup of Marsh-Mallows c. 2. Things also that are partly oily and watry as sweet Milk Emulsions of the cold Seeds Which as they ease the Symptoms that are caused by Cantharides so they do in a special manner demulce and ease the ways that are torn by over stretching as it were and by accident they cure nocturnal pollution help the Strangury that springs from a serous acrimony 3. Precipitants whether they be withal Styptick as in pissing of Blood and other laxities or Nervine as Cinnabarines the more temperate specifick powders so also steel Remedies belong hither hence Heurnius upon Hippocrates's aphor 6. 6. where when he had said that the pains and Diseases of the Reins and Bladder-in general are hard to cure he commends experimentally in an Ulcer of the Kidneys the juice of steel that is steel Wine made of the filings of steel macerated in sweet and strong Wine 4. Acids correct a bilious Acrimony if it be present as red Liver-wort whence according to Hippocrates lib. de locis Acids both cause the Strangury and help it And these as we have already intimated are good for Bloody Urine diabetes nocturnal pollution heat of Urine yea in the stone it self and we must also have great regard to the pains which are as it were the tyrants of indication 5. Hither belong even Opiats also which being mixed with resolvers are very useful in the Stone not indeed as if they resolved primarily or as if they cleared the wayes but because they give rest to Nature III. Or 3. They respect the stopping and clearing of the ways not so much by driving forward as loosning that way and leave may be given to the departure of the unwelcom Guest such as are internal and external emollients and paregoricks lubricaters and moisteners especially oily things chiefly Oil of sweet Almonds likewise Chamomel the Decoction whereof resolves withal whence the Flowers thereof in Pottage give present ease in the Cardialgia or Pain at the Stomach the Colick Stone also fat Broths for they give by so much the presenter Ease by how much they resolve the more withal thus the Oil of sweet Almonds with the juice of Lemons is a Secret with some Hither belongs that place of Walaeus m. m. p. 4. In Pains of the Stone says he whether you
any one Tribe of them For although when we have occasion for the virtue of any Specifick Medicine the rule hold good The more simple the better yet when we propose to our selves to cure our Patient by answering this or that Indication every several Ingredient contributes its share to the cure of the Disease And in this case the greater the number of Simples is so much the more powerfully the Medicine will operate Therefore out of the Medicines mentioned and those of the same nature several Recipe's tending to this end may be made I prefer the form of an Electuary in the manner of Theriaca Andromachi before all others as excelling in virtue because the mutual confermentation of all the Simples increases their virtue producing as it were some third thing which in equal quantity is of more virtue in them conjoyned than in any one of them And for the sake of young Physicians I discover the Remedy I my self make use of which is compounded after this manner Take of the roots of Angelico Calamus Aromaticus Masterwort Elecampane Leaves of common Wormwood lesser Centaury white Horehound Germander Groundpine Scordium common Calamint Feaverfew Meadow Saxifrage St. John's Wort Golden Rod Mother of Time Mint Sage Rue Carduus Benedictus Southernwood Flowers of Chamaemil Tansie Lily Conval English Saffron Seeds of Treacle-Mustard Garden Scurvigrass Caroway Berries of Juniper of each a sufficient quantity Let all the Herbs Flowers and Roots be gathered at those seasons when they have the most virtue Let them be dried and kept in Paper Bags till they be fit to Powder Let 4 ounces of each be well mixt and made up with a Syrup of Canary Wine and Sugar into the form of an Electuary of a due consistence Let him take 2 drachms morning and evening Or in defect of this let him use this following Take of Conserve of Garden Scurvigrass 1 ounce and an half of Roman Wormwood and yâ—llow rind of Oranges each 1 ounce of Candied Angelico preserved Nutmeg each half an ounce Theriaca Andromachi 3 drachms Pulv. Ari. Comp. 2 drachms with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges make an Electuary Let him take 2 drachms twice a day drinking 5 or 6 spoonfulls of the following Scurvigrass Water upon it Take of Root of Horse-Rhadish sliced 3 ounces Garden Scurvigrass 12 handfulls Water Cresses Brooklime Sage Mint each 3 handfulls Orange Pills No. vj. Nutmegs bruised No ij Brunswick Mum 12 pounds distill them in the common Organs till onely 8 pounds of Water be drawn off for use Of all Medicines commonly known which help concoction Theriaca Andromachi is the best but because it is made up of very hot Simples and besides abounds with Opium the abovesaid Electuary may more conveniently be made of the chief heaters and strengthners with Sugar dissolved in Wine which will be more gratefull to the Stomach than Honey is We must take care in the mean time that those Simples be made use of that are more gratefull to the Patient's palate for seeing they must use it a long time i. e. almost as long as they live it is very convenient Idem p. 49. that it be not ingratefull to the Palate XXXIX This must be observed above all namely that all Digestive Remedies whatever whether they consist in Medicine or Diet or Exercise must not be used by the bye but constantly and daily with all diligence For since in this Disease as also in most Chronical ones its cause is passed into an habit and as it were a new nature no wise Man can think that any light and momentany alteration brought upon the Bloud and Humours by any kind of either Medicine or Diet can attain the scope of Cure but the whole habit of the body must be turned another way and the whole Man must as it were be new forged again upon the Anvil For neither is the case here as in some acute distemper when he that was as well as heart can wish but even now is on a sudden taken with a Fever and sinks down as if a Bridge broke under him from a very good state of health into a most dangerous disease The state of the Gout is far otherwise When a Man by leading an intemperate life for many years one after another omitting his accustomed exercise consuming in sloth and idleness or by too much study and unremitted intention of mind and other errors of life hath endeavoured as it were on purpose that the various ferments of the Body should be perverted and the Animal spirits which are the primary Instruments of Concoction are oppressed whereupon the preternatural Humours that are gathered do at length break out and give an overthrow when they are exalted to the highest degree and when the flesh is made soft and the joints effeminate they more readily receive the Humours falling upon them And so at length another Nature as it were is by degrees superinduced the pristine and natural oeconomy of the body being utterly overturned and destroyed For these Paroxysms which in a manner wholly take up the thoughts of the inconsiderate and less knowing sort are nothing else but a series and order of Symptomes dependent on that method which Nature commonly uses in expelling the matter which is the cause of the disease outwards Wherefore he loses his labour whoever goes about to stave off this disease by using this or that Medicine or Regiment likewise onely now and then But since this Habit is founded and consists chiefly in the spoiling of all the Digestions and in the loss of natural firmness in particular parts we must obviate both evils and as well the strength of Concoction as the firmness of parts must be reduced and restored by degrees that is according to the Model of the pristine and accustomed oeconomy of the body And however impossible this may seem to be done fully and perfectly not onely because every Habit is with great difficulty changed into its contrary but because old Age which commonly is companion and partner to this disease doth violently oppose yet as far as strength and years will allow the Cure must be attempted and as the Patient is younger or elder Idem p. 67. so he will more or less escape the Tyranny of the Gout XL. A Milk diet either of raw Milk or boiled taking nothing else unless a little Bread in it once a day has been in vogue for 20 years last past This did several good beyond all other Medicines for this disease so long as they exactly observed it but as soon as ever he returned to the diet of the Healthy were it never so mild and gentle who had used himself to this the Gout presently returning handled the Patient far worse than before for the Principles of Nature being by this course weakned the Patient is rendred more unable to keep off the disease and therefore afflicts him more dangerously and tediously He therefore that thinks of taking this course must first of all seriously
transpire as also after rubbings and anointings Comfrey Roots boiled in Spring-water is successfully applied to the Parts in form of a Cataplasm Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Rod. à Fonseca Cons 56. Swines bloud distilled is a singular thing to make one fat Take of Swines bloud 2 pounds distill it in a Glass in Balneo Give 2 ounces of this Water with a little Sugar every morning for 15 days 2. A Water distilled off Swines bloud Hartman prax Chym. de Atrophia and cooling and moistning Plants does a wonderfull deal of good It is made thus Take of Swines bloud 2 pounds rub it between your hands that all the Fibres may be taken away add of the Leaves of Betony Coltsfoot Red-Roses Mallows each 1 handfull Lettice 2 handfulls Melon-seeds excorticated 1 ounce Coltsfoot Water 2 pounds Distill them in Balneo by an Alembick Put to every pound of Water 3 ounces of Manus Christi perlatae Let him drink often of this Water 3. Joh. Stokerus pr. l. 1. c. 60. In an Atrophy of the Limbs Nettle Juice is excellent to anoint the Limbs withall that are extenuated 4. The Virtue of this Liquour is admirable Weikardus Tract Pract. l. 4. p. â—â— 582. Take of Mentha Saracenica Rosemary small Sage Flowers of Cheiri Lavender Lily Convall Roman Chamaemil Spike of each equal parts Bruise them steep them for a Month in Spirit of Wine strain them out very hard keep it and bathe the Limbs with it Aurium affectus or Diseases of the Ears See Surditas The Contents Whether a Vomit or a Purge be convenient in pain of the Ears I. Whether Repellents should be applied II. Whether gentle Medicines must always be used III. Whether Faventinus his Onion be always proper IV. Violent Pain gives way to Purgatives when it will not to outward applications V. Whether Vinegar and Oxyrrhodina may be used VI. Whether Narcoticks may be poured into the Ears VII The Cure of an-Imposthume when broken VIII Things got into the Ear are to be got out and not to be left to Nature IX How a Leech was got out of the Ear. X. General Rules for Cure XI Whether moist things may be used XII How any Liquor may be drawn from the bottom of the Ear. XIII Spirituous Waters are to be-preferred before Oils XIV Medicines I. WHether should we Vomit or Purge in pain of the Ears A Vomit seems better according to Hippocrates Aphor. 4.18 Those pains above the Midriff which stand in need of Evacuation require a Vomit And according to that Precept lib. de loc in hom n. 55. Diseases are to be discharged by the part next to them and to be drawn out by that part that hath a passage nearest each of them In lib. de affect he expresly commends Vomit If pain arise in the Ears it is good to wash in much hot water and to apply a Fomentation to the Ears and if by these means the attenuated Phlegm depart from the Head and the pain cease these things are sufficient But if not a Vomitory Potion is the best Medicine Where you must observe that the seat of Phlegm the cause of the Pain is above and so according to Hippocrates said Rules must be discharged that way But in his Book de locis in Homine n. 20. He commends Purging and condemns Vomiting If by this means the Pain asswage not let cooling things actually cold be poured in and let a Potion be given that purges downwards and not upwards because a Vomit will doe no good But here you must note that the Application of cooling things in this case argues that some Hot Humour is in fault the original seat whereof is below and that Hippocrates consonant to himself purges therefore downwards And do but you consider the Cause you have their directions before you II. Whether should we apply Repellents We must listen here to the determination of Arculanus 9. ad Almansorem Before Repercussion be made let these things be observed The Matter must not have been critically discharged Not be venemous Not furious Not much Not immediately discharged from the Brain Not very tough and thick Not gathered by little and little Not run to the out-part of the Ear Because all these things forbid the use of Repellents besides to repell to the Brain is very suspicious III. Whether must we always use gentle Medicines The excellence of a most exquisitely sensible part and its proximity to a principal part seem to intimate so much Wherefore Galen 7. method doth not cure sensible Parts at once with violent Medicines but by mild ones by degrees Yet he in the violent pains of such parts uses strong Medicines lib. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Chalcitis Nitre juice of Onions Goats Urine c. that is when cold and gross humours cause the Pain which are attenuated and heated by the help of such Medicines and the Vapours raised by them are dissipated But he abstains from such things when the pain is the product of inflammation IV. Many Practitioners use Ben. Victorius Faventinus his Plaster of Onions to asswage the Pain of the Ears of whatever cause they come indifferently to the great damage sometime of the Patient especially when the Pain is but beginning and depends on a hot Humour But when the Pain is owing to a cold cause or the Inflammation tends to Suppuration the remedy must be applied with good success Take an Onion rosted in hot Embeâ—s Zecchius consult 62. of fresh Butter 2 drachms Oil of Chamaemil Roses each 1 drachm Saffron 1 scruple apply it warm V. N. was afflicted with an unspeakable Pain in his right Ear he got no sleep and was scarce himself the Humour indeed at first ran but after the Surgeon applied a Plaster and Clothes to his Ear the running stopt but not the Pain A Physician was called and advised Opium upon which he slept two hours and when he waked his Pain returned At length by my Advice he took some Pills of Extractum Rudii Extractum Rhei morning and evening four days one after another he bore the working well when I had removed the Plasters and Clothes the Matter began to run plentifully Then I gave him a gentle Purge of Powder of Jalap 1 scruple sharpened with 5 grains of its Resin and so the Patient recovered in three weeks Another was troubled with a grievous pain in his Ears his Head aked so he could not sleep all night scarce knowing what he did I advised him to lay aside all externals the former was my precedent and presently to take these Pills Take of Extract of Hellebor made with spirit of Wine 1 scruple Pill Ruffi half a drachm Resin of Jalap 6 grains mix them make Pills for 2 doses The first Dose gave him four stools with some alleviation of his Pain The next day he took the second Dose It gave him six stools After Noon his Ear began to run and when it had
ran in abundance he was restless his stomach and strength were gone he was in a Fever and in much pain and that not without fear of a Gangrene Notwithstanding I undertook the Cure in this manner When I had put him in a right course of Diet I gave him a stool for he was costive with a Suppository After Supper I gave him a little Laudanum with Cinnamon Water and Confectio Alkermes The day following I gave him an Infusion of Rhubarb Agarick and Senna with a few drachms of Elect. Diacarth But that Potion scarce wrought at all the next day therefore I gave him a drachm of Pil. Coch. de Hermodactyl with a few grains of Trochischs of Alhandal Diagrydium I applied to his Arm things to asswage the Pain maintain the native heat consume excrementitious Humours and to resist Putrefaction Then I made use of an opening Apozeme for several days and when at set times I had purged him with our lenitive Phlegmagogue and with Hydrogogues he was perfectly restored Hence it appears how dangerous it is to move any thing in bodies that are impure and full of ill Humours Wherefore Galen was in the right that Wounds should be judged dangerous not onely for the Excellence of the Part affected or for their greatness but for the impurity and cacochymy of the Patient for we often see most grievous and deadly Diseases do arise from the least wound nay from a little worm while the Humours flow from the whole body to the part that is hurt Fabricius Hildanus Cent. 4. Obs 71. as to their common sink and so destroy the innate heat of that part and excite various symptomes III. A Person of Quality about five and forty years old had his Arm shrunk He took an Extract of Grana Acanthalidis and Pulp of Coloquintida for fifteen days by means whereof the Humours that were gathered there were dissolved and expelled In the mean time the part was outwardly fomented with this Dâ—coction P. Poterius cent 1. curat 79. Take of Mallows Violets Calamint Chamaemil Melilot each 1 handfull Let them be boiled with a Neats-foot in Water and Wine Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. A certain person when he had anointed his Arm that aked with the Juice of the Root of Devil's-bit was presently eased of his pain ¶ Some who have had violent pain in their Periosteum Pet. Forest l. 29. obs 28. especially at night have reaped much benefit from the Oil of Earth-worms and of a Fox You may first apply Aqua Vitae after that Fox Oil alone and last of all you may anoint with Dogs-grease as hot as you can by the fire 2. I have often experienced this Plaster to doe a great deal of good Take of pure Gumm Caranna 1 ounce and an half of Tacamahac 3 ounces of Ammoniac and Galbanum dissolved in Vinegar Bal. has Timaeus Ep. Med. l. 5. Ep. 13. each half an ounce Bdellium 6 drachms yellow Amber 1 ounce Mastick Frankincense each half an ounce Turpentine and Wax each what is sufficient Spread it on Leather and apply it to the part grieved It must be used for three weeks or a month Bronchocele or the Throat-Rupture The Contents It hath not one onely Cause nor Cure I. One ceasing when the Swelling broke of it self II. By Application of an actual Cautery III. Caution must be used in cutting of it out IV. If Medicines prove ineffectual we must have recourse to Incision or a Seton V. Medicines See Strumae I. CElsus defines Bronchocele to be A Swelling in the neck betwixt the skin and the Aspera Arteria wherein sometimes dull flesh sometimes some Humour-like Water or Honey is contained Platerus makes the cause to be Wind breaking in under the skin and the general Membrane under and adhering to the skin in the forepart of the neck But the cause of that Aërial Collection he makes to be the loosening or separation of the skin with its Membrane which is thicker and redder in that place than elsewhere from the seat of the Aspera Arteria and fore-Muscles of the Neck into which space when made the Air or Wind to avoid a vacuum breaks in and not onely by filling it raises the skin and Membrane into a Tumour but by continuance distending it much encreaseth it whence it is rightly called Bronchocele as if it were a Rupture of the Throat And he makes the cause of the separation of the Membranes to be violent straining either in going to stool or in labour in Women There is truth in both opinions although Sennertus thinks it scarce probable that Wind alone can procure so lasting an evil ¶ I saw an example of the first kind Anno 1660. in my own Maid Petronella Definod a faithfull servant who died of a Consumption and Dropsie in her Breast and Belly In the process of her Disease sâ—e had a huge Throat-Rupture which had disfigured her Neck for ten years I ordered the Swelling to be opened with a Razor there was underneath glandulous flesh swimming in great store of purulent Matter which had flowed thither from the Breast and Lungs ¶ I had an example of the latter kind in a noble Matron who upon her straining in Travel and holding her Breath contracted that Ail on a sudden She went with it two years but at length it dispersed of it self without any Medicines or remainder of it behind ¶ That driers may properly be prescribed for this Disease the example of a Small-coal-man in Geneva doth shew whose Neck was beset with one of these Swellings as big as his head but by his continual stirring in and carrying of Coals and by inspiration of the Dust he obtained a perfect Cure and at this very time his Dewlaps hang at his Neck as upon an Ox. Arnoldus de Villa nova his Powder is very Efficacious and deserves commendation while the Disease is new Take of Sea-Spunge Pila marina Pepper long and black Ginger Cinnamon Sal Gem Pellitory of Spain Galls Sponges Bedegar each 1 drachm pound them all together except the Sea Sponge which must be burnt and its ashes mixt with the rest and sierced let him hold a little of this frequently in his mouth both night and day he may take a little of it often in a day ¶ Amongst topical Medicines this of Aetius discusseth which hath Of Quick-lime Gum-Ammoniac Bdellium Shells burnt in an Oven Verdigreece live Sulphur each alike quantities mix them up with Vinegar and then make them up with Sewet or Turpentine and apply it ¶ Also Vnguentum Valesci is good Take of Euphorbium 1 ounce Sulphur Sandarach each half an ounce Wax and Oil as much as is sufficient Make it into an Vnguent with which anoint the Neck and apply the Plaster above prescribed For saith he in good ones of a years standing we wrought by way of Resolution as we said but now and thereby we had honour and obtained benefit II. One called Blandin had his neck
sate to table before he had scarce eaten one mouthfull he was forced to drink which I have observed in several to be a certain sign of a Dropsie coming upon them from the too great drought of the Liver depending upon the heat some fore-runners whereof I saw in his cachectick face Because he desired to drink the Spaw-waters for he refused other Medicines he fetched them sometimes from Griesbach where the Well is and kept them at home and according to my advice when he had over heated himself with Wine he accustomed himself to drink of them to quench his preternatural thirst which the Wine had caused I gave him leave to go to the Wells and to drink the Waters as others use to doe After this manner the use of the Spaws did both him good and others that laboured of the like intemperature of Liver which the Vulgar abuse thinking them to be good in most desperate Diseases and drinking them by Quarts Platerus Observ l. 3. p. 8. whereby the natural Parts and nervous Kind for which sharp things are bad are hurt besides they are very bad for the Breast and therefore for all that are troubled with a Cough and Shortness of breath Sometimes I have prepared artificial Spaw-waters which I have given for a Cachexy and they have done good ¶ The drinking of natural Vitriolick Spaw-waters continued for some Weeks is very good to correct the Heat of the Liver if it be used in time before the Dropsie invade a man and the Water be gathered in the Legs and Belly for when it already falls out of the Veins by reason they encrease its store they will doe no more good but will rather encrease the Swelling in the Dropsie Iâ—em Praxeos l. 3. especially if as they usually then do they piss but little and yet in the mean time drink much which therefore I have observed hath hurt a great many people VII Sweating with a Decoction of Guaiacum in a Stove or in Bed cures a Cachexy But in a Cholerick one you must sweat in a Stove with a gentle heat In a Melancholick one with a little more intense And in a Phlegmatick one with a most intense Heat that is as great as the Patient can endure without fainting This Cure is proper for such a Cachexy as happens to Maids or Women from Grief eating of crude things or drinking cold liquours but not for elder persons in whom it is bred by the use of strong Wine Hippocras Muskadel Salt and peppered Meats and such heating and drying things for since in this case the Liver is exceeding hot and dry and that there is great store of the Atrabilarious humour in the first and second region that is in the Veins of the Liver Spleen Mesentery and in the greater Veins and Arteries Enchirid. Med. Pract. Bathes are more proper than a Stove for a hot and dry Liver requires to be moistened and not to be dried And an Atrabilarious humour is but enraged and irritated by using hot things and profusion of Sweat VIII It is worth observation that a Cachexy in persons troubled with the Stone in the Kidneys has had its original from an Ulcer in the Kidneys when the purulent matter by reason of the obstruction in the Ureters regurgitating into the Kidneys and infecting the Bloud Sennertus hath infected the whole habit of Body IX It often falls out that a Man's Body becomes swollen turgid and languid and then the timorousness of the Physician grounded on no reason predicts danger But they may very properly be cured in a short time by Sudorificks used internally and externally The cause of this Evil hath not its rise from the Intemperature or weakness of those parts that the Ancients called Noble Besides it may easily be distinguished from the Dropsie which the said parts do cause for although the Patients be very sluggish and lazy yet they are oppressed with no anxiety of heart they breathe freely and from an open Breast and their Belly swells not much The watry matter is gathered first in the face and limbs and if the tumid parts be prest with your finger experience will shew that the parts are not so full as in a true Dropsie Barâ—â—tte Anâ—t â—ract c. 14. wherefore some that are ignorant of the true cause ascribe this Swelling to Wind. The Lymphatick Vessels being compressed broke or some other way obstructed so that the natural motion of the Lympha is hindred do cause the Ail X. When N. who was troubled with the Pox and a Water Rupture had been cured of both hâ—s Diseases by anointing with Mercury after the same example he ordered one Aldr. de Aldrighettis a strong Woman of a full Age that was swollen with the White Dropsie to be likewise anointed Binodius cent 3. obs 9. She made much Urine without any Salivation yet she felt a little pain in her Neck and perfectly recovered Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. In an inveterate Cachexy I anointed the Belly and Feet which were swollen more than ordinary with the following Liniment Take of the tops of green Dwarf-elder green Cranes-bill Sauce alone Flowers of Roman Chamaemil each 2 ounces fresh Butter 1 pound let them boil well Strain them out and add of distilled Oil of Tartar rectified Oil of Wax well rectified Oil of Caroways rectified each 3 drachms Mix them and make a Liniment to be used as abovesaid Jâ—h Lud. à Fâ—â—â—den â—â—iâ— arbâ—r â—â—â—ae p m. 53. And take of this Cordial often every day Take of Cinnamon-water 3 ounces Oxymel of Squills prepared according to Zwelfer 2 ounces Spirit of Vitriol dephlegmed 24 grains Mix them for use This water which I always kept as a secret was wonderfully commended by all people 2. Phâ—l Gruâ—iâ—gius Mâ—d. Pract. l 3. parâ— 3. c. 2. Joh. Jonstonius Idea Med. pract l. 12. c. 4. tâ—â— 2. The Essence of Crocus Martis and a Mixture of it do in curing a Cachexy excell all other Remedies 3. The Water distilled off fresh Walnut-tree roots cut into little square pieces steeped in Whitewine 24 hours sweetned with Sugar-candy and exposed to the Sun for some days taken in 3 ounces weight using exercise after it cures the Green-sickness in Maids 4. Take of the finest filings of Steel 1 ounce Jâ—s Quâ—rcetanâ—s Pharm Dogm rest p. 321. faecula Ari 1 drachm and an half Ambergryse half a drachm Essence of Coral of Pearl each half a drachm Amber prepared Cinnamon each 4 scruples Sugar what is sufficient Mix them and make a Powder It is the best remedy for pale and depraved colours as for Cachexies in Women Men Maids younger or elder if the body be prepared and purged 15 days before one after another I have had admirable experience of this Powder in curing all Cachexies 5. Chalybeate Salt is very good for a Cachexy Schroderus 6. When the Body is purged Wormwood taken any way is excellent good to strengthen the
freely the vapâ—ur contained in it exhales by so much the more violently doth the humour flow likewise which will encrease the Swelling into whose intimacy if the circumfluous Air which was excluded before by its coats do indeed penetrate presently there follows both a greater putrefaction and a more luxuriant rankness in the part affected which if you do but endeavour to hinder either by Instrument or sharp Medicines you do but twist ropes of Sand. The Daughter of Geropius Becanus carried in her left Temple for above Fifty years a hard and uneven Carcinoma but without an Ulcer or any great harm Nic. Tulpius lib. 1. obser 47. however the pain and itching by little and little encreasing she imprudently applied to the Tumour I know not what Caustick Medicines which corroding the Skin it quickly degenerated into an Ulcerated Carcinoma III. There scarce occurs any one disease this day in Surgery about which greater errours are committed than in the Canker Do you ask the cause The Disease and the Essence thereof is not sufficiently clear to them and in the Cure they too strictly observe that Axiome of Physicians Contraries are Medicines for their Contraries For when they see the Tumour very hard they endeavour by Emollients and Resolvers contrary to Galen's opinion to amend that hardness afterwards when the Tumour is degenerated into an Ulcer they consume the Lips that are hard with Escharoticks and Corroders they correct the filth and stink of the Ulcer with Aegyptiacum Hild. cent 6. obs 81. and such things all which how unreasonable and pernicious they are many examples do shew IV. Carcinoma's or Cankers if they be cured to the bottom can be cured no other way than if they be Ulcerous ones by burning if not Ulcerous by cutting For that there are some which may be cured is evident from Hipp. lib. 7. Epid. about the Man that had a Carcinoma in his Jaws burnt and was cured by him And others that neither can be cured nor ought to be medled with appears from Celsus because they are but provoked and do increase till they kill And the difference lies not in the kind of the Disease but in the Quality of the humour for in the very several sorts of Melancholy some are sharper or milder than others If therefore you perceive by any symptomes that a Man's Melancholy is so sowre as that it is much irritated upon a slender occasion perchance you must not dare to touch it But if by other symptomes you perceive the Melancholick humour that is in a Man doth incline to an earthy or sanguine nature you must try to burn it with Causticks and then if the thing succeed well you must proceed presently to fire especially if the evil be in a part which the disease can easily and speedily eat away such as the Jaws For in such cases Vallesius l. 7. Eâ—id p. 89â— although you be not sufficiently ascertained whether the humour be able to bear this Remedy you must try even with danger to burn it because if the cure should be neglected the disease might eat away the part though coming of no ungentle Humour Therefore you must try even with danger to cure a Disease that would certainly kill V. Purging should rather be used in the beginning according to the redundance of the Humours in the Body if perchance the encrease of the Canker may be hindred by it than that we should accommodate it onely to carry off Melancholick Humours as they commonly doe who think Melancholy to be the cause of it which indeed for a costive body may be better treated can upon this account especially doe no good because it cannot take away the cause of the Canker that is poisonous besides It is granted that other poisons as that which causeth the Pox may be discharged the body by strong Purges often repeated which it is not safe to doe in very weak bodies Platerus Tâ—m 2. p. 704. that are troubled with the Canker nor if it should be done would doe any good VI. Galen 4. aph 47. acknowledges he cured a Cancrous Tumour that came in the breast of a certain Woman by violently and often Purging her of black Choler in the Spring and Autumn H Montuus And by the like method of cure I also freed a certain Noble Countess of a Carcinoma in her Breast VII We have no reason to question the repetition of Bloud-letting again and again for there is a fault in the Bloud upon its being vitiated the Tumour depends And though a Cacochymy should rather be discharged by proper Purgers yet when there was hot exust and melancholick Bloud in the whole it ever pleased Galen 3. de lec affect 7. Fortis consul 86. cent 4. ad Glauc 11. and Hippocrates also to abate us plenty by breathing a Vein which is the more convenient if heat and redness be perceived in the part a token of the Fire 's being onely kindled and not that all is in ashes VIII Cordials especially those that resist poison will doe more good in subduing the strength of this poison than such as are accommodated to other humours And these are the chief of those things that are given inward in this case and should rather be used than vulnerary Potions which nevertheless some that they may try all things in a desperate disease do prescribe in an Ulcerous Canker And they most esteem of one that is made of a Decoction of Winter-green and Ground Ivy in Wine for the Canker in the Breast Platerus and for all others IX If in the part affected the peccant matter be but in a small quantity then there is no inconvenience in strengthening the Part because when the Part is strengthned that little which is left is easily dissolved by Nature This Rule is gathered from Galen 14 Meth. cap. 9. where he saith That in the beginning of a Canker the excrementitious humour if it be but little may be repelled to the principal parts because unless it be suddenly repelled Sanctorius lib. de Râ—m Innent c. 15 the Melancholick humour does presently distend the veins which when distended the Canker is rendred incurable But that it is so appears from Galen 6 aph 38. where he saith the Roots of the Canker are Veins that are distended by melancholick Bloud which unless it be removed the Canker cannot be cured X. Sometime the Pain is most outragious which will not allow one to take any rest or sleep wherefore we are often forced to have recourse to Narcoticks which in this case by reason of the intense heat of the humours doe less harm For once I saw a Woman that laboured of a Canker in her Breast Riverius prâ—ct l. 15. c. 10. whâ— every night for four months took four or five grains of Laudanum without any hurt and to her great comfort XI A Noble Woman had all the right-side of her face Mauritius Cordaeus con 7. in lib. 1. de
morb mulier Hipp. for a long time beset with an Ulcerous Canker She after she had made use of several means prescribed by the Physicians of Italy France Germany and Spain was at length eased by this common Barber-Surgeon's remedy she cut young Chickens into thin and broad pieces which she applied to the part affected changing them often every day Some use the Flesh of young Pigeons XII Septicks unless they be tamed by frequent washing in the juice of Purselain Lemons Nightshade or Housleek may not be applied to any Ulcer and then they must be mixt in a small quantity with some gentle Unguent and used onely to a part that is far from a principal one for I have observed them especially Arsenick and sublimate in a greater quantity and not tamed applied to Ulcers near the heart as to a Cancer in the Breast that they once carried off a Woman in 6 days About three hours after the Powder was strewed on her Breast she just as if she had swallowed it was taken with a Shivering then with a Vomiting and frequent Faintings with a languid Pulse which symptomes encreasing by degrees Fernelâ—us m. 〈◊〉 6. c. 18. her extreme parts growing cold and her Face and whole Body swelling beyond measure she was miserably murthered ¶ Have a care you do not use Fredo's Medicines for the Canker for they consist of Arsenick but that Arsenick is a destructive Medicine in cancrous affections is certain ¶ Therefore Penotus must not be harkened to who lib. de vera prepar usu med Chym. extolls his Medicine made of Arsenick to the Skies But he good Man was seduced by others and never made trial of it himself as neither did Philippus Mullerus of his which he describes in Mysteriis Miraculis Chymicis The original of the Cheat and Errour is from hence Because Theodorick and Lanfranc whom Guido follows distinguished a Canker into a Canker an Imposthume and a Canker an Ulcer The Canker an Imposthume is the disease so called by Hippocrates Galen Avicenna and others rational Physicians and Surgeons But the Canker an Vlcer so Guido calls it is when by reason of Vlcers or Wounds irritated by sharp Medicines bad melancholick humours become adust and troubled and are drawn from the whole and parts adjoyning to that place where they putrefy grow hot and acquire an acrimony and poisonous quality whence there is an encrease of the evil disposition and it becomes a Canker So Guido But such Ulcers though malignant and oftentimes stubborn are not yet Cankers nor ought to be confounded with a Canker whose Contumacy far surpasses the Malice of all Ulcers Moreover in the Canker an Ulcer or rather in bad and malignant Ulcers Faâ—ritius Hi daâ—us cent 6 observat 82. I have known the Powder or Arcanum of the Physician of Norimberg as also my Escharotick Unguent to agree well with several but in a true Canker neither of them can be used XIII A plate of Lead smeared with Quicksilver is no contemptible Medicine for Cankers that are not Ulcerous for Galen testifies that Lead is a very usefull Remedy for malignant and inveterate Ulcers And that such Leaden Plates smeared with Quick-silver are a kind of Alexipharmack whereby the evil disposition of Malignant Ulcers is subdued and spent when they elude the virtues of other remedies Guido is witness When this sort of Remedy was prescribed the Lady M. for a Canker as big as a Walnut in her left breast it 's true it did not cure her yet it hindred the encrease of her illness But growing weary of it when she had committed her self to a certain Physician who boldly promised her a speedy cure she proved by the loss of her life how dangerous the cure is which is undertaken after the manner of other Ulcers for when her Physician had thrown this Remedy out of doors and applied remollient heating and drawing things the Swelling increased to such a bigness that her breast Paraeus lib. 6. c. 30. through mere distension burst in the middle whereupon an haemorrhagy arising that could not be stopt the poor Lady expired in the Armes of her Physician XIV An occult Canker had invaded a Matron's right breast after two years time it rose to a manifest Tumour The Physician that was consulted ordered a Plate of Lead to be applied and every other day to smear it lightly with Quick-silver according to the example of Galen Guido Paraeus c. But through the carelessness of those that lookt after her the Plates did more harm than good In the mean time the Canker encreased and came to Suppuration therefore the use of the Plate was laid aside The Swelling broke of it self and her torments ceased a little but by and by they returned more violent and pungitive the Canker encreasing in all its dimensions It deserves admiration that the Mercury which was formerly imbibed from the Plate should drop so visibly and in a pretty quantity out of the Carcinoma which shaded the adjacent parts with its shining nay Bartholinus cent 1. hist 7. and sweat at the shoulders through the whole skin I ordered a Plate of Gold which Mercury uses to follow to be applied and a tent of Gold for the Ulcer XV. The Canker is taken away both by Medicines and the Knife The Knife is better than Medicines for eroding and sharp things cause pain and this a greater flux of Humours Yet the latter way of cure is sometimes proper for erosion must be made in the Interstices of the Fingers and in the Groin because the tendons and membranes in these parts would make cutting very painfull Among the caustick Medicines there is the Holosericum Fernelii and Vinegar some use that is better the Ly of Sope boil'd up to a consistency Arsenick which pleases some displeases me Lest an Inflammation should be raised in the Neighbourhood apply a defensative round about Thus indeed a Canker may be taken away by Medicines but it is better to cut it out with a Knife This cutting is either speedy or slow I saw a Canker so quickly cut from the Breast that in the time of the operation I was scarce able to speak three words But when a Canker is come to a great bigness then this speedy cutting is not proper for much good flesh is taken away and a great hole is made out of which the spirits can more freely pass and thereby the Patient is more weakened In this case to recruit strength Cataplasms steeped in Wine are applied In less Cankers we may make the Section all at once except in those of the Lips But it must be all taken away therefore first let the Operatour take the part affected and these adjacent in his fingers and try well whether all that is amiss may be taken away A Canker once cut out doth often come again 1. When all was not cut out through timorousness either in the Operatour or in the Patient 2. Because the Arteries that emit this
matter run out the Patient has ease and there may otherwise be fear of corrupting the bone If any vein be there it may be opened or cut quite through unless it be very large In intolerable torment of the head that is also continual and will not yield to other Remedies Hollerius obs sâ—ng 3 1. we must use the Knife and Fire for Purging Cupping Topical applications c. are found ineffectual because there is a certain Hectick intemperature and infirmity in the head VII When I could not conquer a most stubborn outward Head-ach coming of a cold intemperature with matter by very strong Medicines guessing that either the Pericranium or the Bone under the Pericranium was prejudiced by that matter I proceeded to burning with good success in which I always took care to run the hot Iron to the Bone which I ever found abounding with moisture Sometimes I found the Bone it self rotten which being scalded all the Pain ceased I did not make this burning behind or before in the Head upon the Coronal Suture as most use to doe to divert the better but on the right or left side of the Head according as this or that side was pained with success But that men may know how the Bone while the Skin is whole may be discerned to be carious let them go to Hippocrates lib. 2. de morbis where he gives notice Salius Diversus Annot. in Altimar c. 9. that in such a case the Skin parts from the Head to this side and that i. e. the Skin may be perceived by the touch to be parted from the Bone which must be taken special notice of because it is a certain sign that the Bone is soul VIII The Chirurgical means commended especially for a cruel and inveterate Head-ach is usually the burning or cutting an Issue in divers parts of the Body Without doubt when they are made in the Arms or Legs they are both less troublesome and doe some good inasmuch as they withdraw the fewel of the Disease from the part and remove it far from that place Moreover an Issue in the nape of the neck or a Seton in the neck or in the tip of the Ear or near it also a pin of Bastard Hellebore root put in a hole bored in the tip of the Ear are often used with advantage inasmuch as they evacuate many Serosities and draw others towards the Emunctories that is the Glands But now the most talk and greater expectation is of Issues made either in the very place grieved or near it so that large iâ—â—ues are made in the crown of the Head or upon the joyning of the Sutures If we measure the fruit of this Practice by the success it will appear little and seldom profitable but often unfortunate for I never knew any cured of their Head-ach by such Issues but several have been made worse by them And Reason tells us plainly as much for wherever an Issue is made the Serous Humour flows thither from the whole Mass of bloud and consequently from the whole Body and is often gathered there in greater plenty than that it can find a passage by that outlet for which reason Inflammations Williâ— cap. de Cephalalgâ—â— Pustules and divers Humours gather about Issues What other therefore can we think than that Issues applied to the Head in the Head-ach do cause more morbifick matter to be gathered there IX A young Maid had been above a year wonderfully tormented with a piercing pain in her Head The Physician suspecting as it proved that something lay on the Membranes trepann'd her with good success for when her skull was open a small drop of foetid matter scarce so big as a Millet seed came out nor did her pain ever after trouble her J. Rhodius cent 1. obs 69 70. ¶ N. had conflicted several years with a most violent Head-ach and he was cured by boring his Skull five times onely his Head the Membranes being cooled and thickned by opening was a little dull ¶ A cruel Head-ache caused by the Pox without Gummata in a Man of 70 was eased by repeated trepanning which laid all the corrupted bone open whence Matter ran in great plenty and returning at certain Intervals it was then cured by the same means ¶ I resolved to trepan a Farmer who had got a most grievous Head-ach by the Pox on that side where his pain was most in three or four days after trepanning his pain abated and in twenty days time he was perfectly cured ¶ I trepanned a Woman that was afflicted with a grievous Hemicrania or half-head-ach who was well Marchetti obs 18 19 20. while the hole was open but it being closed within a few days she relapsed into her old disease ¶ An ancient Man had been tormented three years with a cruel pain in his Head he submitted himself to trepanning it was done in the right side and the fore-part a little above his forehead and he quickly recovered Panarolus Pentec 5. obs 25. Perhaps the vaporous matter that affected the Head while it had no egress caused pain but when a passage was made it went out daily ¶ Willis in his Chapter of the Head-ach thinks a Man can expect little good from Trepanning Truely saith he it does not appear to me what we can expect for certain from opening the Skull when it akes If an Abscess lay there this were the onely way of cure but an Abscess would sooner cause drowsiness and mortal convulsions than remove an Head-ach If an Inflammation or Pustules or Erysipelas had seized the Diploë or the second place of the Skull I know not whether these Tumours exposed to the open Air would more easily evaporate or whether Remedies applied to them thus bare would doe any good or no But if the pain be caused by any Tubercle or Scirrhous or Callous Swelling in the Meninges I think opening of the Skull will doe very little or no good at all X. A Woman had endured pain for some years about her forehead and eye-brows A certain person rubbed and pulled the lax tip of her Ear till a Vein appeared then he cut it with a piece of a flint that Men strike fire withall Solenander cons 15. it bled very black Bloud and by this bleeding she was cured XI A Nobleman 30 years old had laboured under a Head-ach with a Catarrh falling on his Breast and an extenuation of his whole body for several years After I had applied potential Cauteries to each arm Fabritius Hildanus cent 4. observat 71. he was first freed from the pain in his Head and then perfectly from his other symptomes I could produce many such examples XII A certain Person was troubled with a most bitter Pain in his Head taking and leaving him at set hours which periodical pain lasted fourteen days Tulpius obs l. 1. c. 33. though no remedies that were requisite were omitted as neither Cupping with Scarification nor application of
at several intervals 2. Caesalpinus A large Cupping-glass with much flame set on for an hour cures forthwith like an enchantment 3. I have known this Electuary doe much good Crato l. 1. cons 6. Take of Conserve of Roses 6 drachms Spec. Aromat rosat 2 scruples White-frankincense 1 scruple Mix them make an Electuary Take the quantity of a Chesnut when you go to bed ¶ Take of Sea-wormwood tops Chamaemil each 1 Pugil White-frankincense one drachm Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water Strain it Id. lib. 2. cons 10. To 4 ounces of the Colature add of Syrup of the juice of Chamaemil Feaver-few each half an ounce for 2 doses With this I have eased most violent Pains in the Stomach and Intestines ¶ This is a most present Remedy for the Heart-burn Idem l. 2. p. 314. Take of new Conserve of Roses 2 ounces Spec. Aromat rosat 2 scruples White-pepper 1 scruple Mix them 4. This Liquour appeases the Pain in the Stomach wonderfully if half a drachm of it be given Deodatus panâ—h hyg Take of Mastick 4 ounces the best rectified Spirit of Wine half a pound Galangale 1 ounce Infuse them digest them and distill them by an Alembick 5. Oil of Sweet-almonds taken in some Broth Lael à Fonte cons 35. that hath had Citron-seeds boil'd in it is of great efficacy and so is Emulsion of Citron-seeds 6. The Sapphirine Oil of Chamaemil Hartmannus given to 4 or 5 drops in Mint-water is excellent for the Heart-burn 7. In Heart-burning from acid Phlegm and crude Juices sticking to the Stomach Oil of Aniseeds rubbed on the region of the Stomach is of great efficacy 8. This is highly commended in Pain of the Stomach Take of Nutmeg 2 drachms Spirit of Wine 2 ounces Platerus Honey of Roses till it be sweet boil them a little take 2 or 3 spoonfulls 9. I can reckon up several who have been cured of most bitter Pains in their Stomach Peterius onely by applying a Plaster of Gum Tacamahaca Eust Rhudius art med l. 2 c. 8. 10. Take of Spec. Hierae 2 drachms Diarrhodon Abbaâ—â— half a drachm and with Marmalade of Quinces not aromatized I have made Bolus's and given them to several who commonly the same day were all of them freed from their Symptoms 11. In this Disease I use this I take 3 Eggs and break them Herc. Saxonia and with Oil of Roses and Mastick I make Fritters of them and apply them to the mouth of the stomach It is an excellent Remedy 12. I have often found 1 drachm of Powder of Calamus Aromaticus given in 2 ounces of clarified Juice of Worm-wood hot Solenander very effectual in the Heart-burn 13. About 3 ounces of the Juice of Dill boiled in Water and drunk doth wonderfully relieve the Pain of the stomach Varignana that is with reaching and hick-cough Catalepsis or A waking Senslesness or Stupidity wherein a man retains the form and figure of one awake when nevertheless all the functions of his mind and senses are asleep The Contents Cured by voiding Worms I. Whether Wine may be allowed II. I. A Girl not full eight years old in a Burning-fever was first taken with a deep sleep and then with a Catalepsis her Eyes being quite open She took nothing down for seven days but a little Chicken-broth with Purslane boiled in it she lay pale Bâ—nedictus l. 1. c. 26 â—â—â—â—ur mori speechless and without motion onely she breathed with difficulty The Mother in utter despair of her Daughter gave her a Suppository of Honey with which she voided a knot of forty two Worms without any excrement and presently came to her self Some caliginous Vapours from these Animals in her Belly seized all the Senses of her Brain Fâ—rtis cons 34. câ—n 1. II. Galen 3. simpl allows Malmsey-wine to Cataleptick persons after whose example Amatus permits Cretian Wine is best with some Sage or Rosemary in it Catarrhus or A Catarrh or Defluxion The Contents The Head is often in no fault and therefore not to be tormented with Remedies I. Many Diseases ascribed to it amiss II. Not cured by one way alone III. Concoction must be more attended than Evacuation IV. The Intemperature or the Brain not always to be blamed V. One caused by Cold needs not Medicines VI. Whether Bloud letting in a Cold one be proper VII When it may be stopt VIII When a Purge may be given IX If a salt one falls upon the Breast we must purge X. If we fear a Consumption we must give a strong Purge XI A Vomit is sometimes proper XII When it may be given in a suffocative one XIII The Cure of a suffocative one XIV We must not insist long upon Vacuations and Revulsions XV. A salt one cured with Issues between the Shoulders XVI With a Seton in the Neck XVII When it falls upon the Breast a Vesicatory proper XVIII Becchicks hurtfull in time of Defluxion XIX By the abuse of sweet things it runs the more into the mouth XX. Whether Bath waters and Spaws be good XXI Whether Whey be good XXII Decoctions of Guaiacum not always wholesome XXIII Whether a Fever be the care of it XXIV Decoctions hurtful XXV The use of Bathing XXVI Washing of the Head sometimes good XXVII Fumes when proper XXVIII Plasters to stop it dangerous XXIX Rubbing the Head bad XXX All Anointing hurtfull XXXI Whether a drying Diet be always proper XXXII What posture one should lye and keep ones Head in XXXIII Exercise of the lower parts wholesome XXXIV Venus whether proper XXXV The Cure of a Catarrh falling upon the Breast XXXVI Of a violent one falling upon the external parts XXXVII Medicines I. IT is clear from Galen's Testimony 2. de differ Febr. cap. ult that sometimes a Catarrh is caused by some fault in the bloud when the head is no way out of order Therefore one cannot say absolutely that a Catarrh is the cause of a Fever It is confirmed because the subject bowels or often the whole body may afford fewel to the Catarrh the head continuing altogether unhurt for the Catarrh sometimes arises from fulness of body sometimes from the heat of the subject bowels and sometimes from the weakness of the head as is gathered from Galen ad Glauconem cap. 15. While therefore the subject bowels abound with excrements they conspire in production of the Catarrh Sanctorius mâ—th vit err l. 1. c. 26. either because in a long tract of time they are indisposed or because some errour is committed in the first concoction as when the belly is stufft with excrements in which case the head may be sound They err therefore that apply Remedies as Embrocations Washings c. to the head which is onely hurt by sympathy when the subject bowels should be cured ¶ Oftentimes excrementitious humours that are sent up from the lower parts to the brain cause a Catarrh and acquire a
come violently bleed which you may know if bloud and half concocted spittle be raised by coughing then it is evident that Exesion is made by tarrying for Concoction 2. If the Fluxion fall upon a part from the hurt whereof Life is endangered we must not then stick to let bloud 3. If the Body be full 4. If there be a continual or intermittent Fever so it rise to putrefaction otherwise the cure of a Catarrh may be expected from an ephemera 5. Mercatus cap. proprio We must bleed when the Defluxion falls so violently and suddenly that it cannot be spit up for Nature is diverted that it cannot so well send to the part affected ¶ In a Catarrh Rhases would have a Vein opened if after applying a Cloth to the Head the Disease be neither taken away nor diminished He hath respect to a hot Catarrh wherein the matter is forced from the Head cooled by some external cooling cause for he knew that sometimes in the beginning the Cold does overcome the Bloud and that if it be remiss it will go away with warm Cloths for by using them but a little time the Head is not so heated as to draw the Bloud but its Cold is onely taken off and the Cold being conquered the Disease is so likewise that is the expression of the catarrhous matter ceaseth Sometime the Cold of the Head is overcome by the Bloud if the Cold be so fixt that it will not give way to hot Cloths wherefore the Disease is neither taken away nor diminished And therefore it is necessary to use those Medicines that heat more than hot Cloths Capivaccius and then if Bloud should abound it would be drawn to the Head Since therefore the Bloud is of more moment than the Cold in the Head a Vein must be first breathed ¶ Because it often so falls out that a Physician happens upon suffocating Catarrhs when there is fulness Claudinus de Catarrho and the matter begins to fix upon some noble part he must immediately let-bloud VIII We must much scruple to proceed to stopping things for unless grievous Symptoms do urge we must not use stopping things before purging or revulsion of the humours yet if the humour do so pour upon the Lungs as by its sharp violence to cause a grievous Cough or to endanger Suffocation or Exulceration we may presently before we purge stop its unbridled motion We must contrive to give these stopping things at night and after Supper for what matter is already got into the passages should be expectorated but at night all things have a motion thither Heâ—mius for the juices in sleep creep inward ¶ It is queried whether a Catarrh may be stopt for it is not lawfull to drive back a noxious humour into a principal part as the Head is and to stop up the passages whereby it should be evacuated But we are not willing to stop up the passages but onely to thicken the humour that it may more easily be discharged Encâ—ir med praâ— lest it should cause a greater mischief IX Purging may be used in Patients when there is imminent danger of Suffocation or Consumption without any preparation premised whatever they think to the contrary who fear lest a Purge should disturb the humours and carry them to the place affected Saxoniâ— praeâ—â—ct pract which reason has no weight with me for upon the same account we might never give a Purge in any Disease of an inward part lest the grieved place should receive the moved matter ¶ Concerning the use of Purgatives observe First they are convenient when matter should be purged from the whole because from 4. acut 85. we must not use Hellebore in every Catarrh seeing sometimes we must onely look after the Head when namely the matter offends not in the whole Secondly when Purgatives are given coction of the matter to be carried off must ever be supposed at least in the whole for seeing that in a precipitate Distillation it must be supposed the peccant matter for the greater part is driven from the whole to the head as to a weaker part it seems rational to conclude that what remains in the whole is concocted and conquered for if there be any bad excrements in the body and they separated from the good juices for the most part they are transmitted to the weaker parts and therefore may be purged as if concocted for this reason Galen loc 2. gave a young man Coloquintida that was sick of an Alopecia as soon as he visited him But whether may we purge the matter of a cold Catarrh at the beginning without preparation Some would have it so for this reason because if it were copious and fell extreme violently upon the Throat or Breast there would be imminent danger of Suffocation and Asthma which could be no way stopt but by Purging Clâ—udinus Trâ—ct de Catarrho But if a Purge should be given because this matter by reason of its toughness and thickness resists the Physick it may easily be disturbed and being thrown upon the same parts may create those very same evils or worse Therefore I think sharp Clysters should be used in their stead Rondeletius ¶ If fulness compell us to evacuate the body we must use such things as leave some astriction behind them X. If a salt Catarrh fall upon the Breast we need not hesitate about the use of Purgatives for Galen himself 5. meth 14. gave a Purge of Pills made of Aloes Scammony Coloquintida Agarick Bdellium and Gum-arabick the use of which would yet be safer if some Whey of Goats-milk prepared were given when they begin to work or Barley-water to two or three pounds Fortis cons 18. cent 2. Elect. de succ Rosar Diasebest selut Troch de Violis cum Scammon c. do purge the thin matter without waiting for concoction XI When the Bowels and Bloud are brought to good temper some Head-pills made of Coch. simpl Aureis Mastick may be given twice at least seeing Galen 5. meth 14. made use of very strong Pills of Aloes Scammony Coloquintida and Agarick even in an Ulcer of the Lungs Yet they should always drink Whey or Barley-water after these Pills Idem cons 18. cent 2. to hinder drought and heat in the Bowels XII If a Catarrh be very stubborn we must have recourse to Vomits â—â—â—â—rius which powerfully root out the matter of it ¶ We must give Hellebore to them that have a Defluxion falling from their Head Hippocrat 4. acut 302. By give Hellebore that way of Purging onely must be understood which is made by Vomiting for it is certain that when there is mention made of Hellebore simply the white must always be understood which the Ancients used frequently to purge upwards with all And l. de loc in b. s 2. v. 133. When a Defluxion from the Head is coming he affirms that a Vomit is convenient and the reason is Because the upper
Distillations by the use of Whey fall into the Gout ¶ I prefer the Spaws before Whey of Goats-milk for Whey as it is a moistner Sylvaticus cons 93. cent 1. cannot chuse but increase Defluxions XXIII There can nothing more hurtfull be used in Diâ—â—illations than such things as simply attenuate the humours Which I would have the Moderns take notice of who in cold Distillations so willingly fly to Decoctions of Guaiacum and other attenuaters Martianus Câ—m in v. 14 sâ—ct 6. l. 2. Epid. not considering that by the use of these things Distillations increase daily which should be cured by Concocters and moderate Thickners as Hippocrates teacheth XXIV In a phlegmatick Catarrh it is a piece of rashness to hope for a Remedy by raising a Fever another way of cure not being first tried by evacuating inciding concocting and aperient Medicines especially if you know the man to be one who is not lightly in a Fever Vallerius meâ—h med l. 2. c. 13. yet sometimes we must come to a Fever XXV It is an errour of the Moderns to use Decoctions in water for Fluxions seeing it is evident that whatever is taken in form of Drink Martianus cont l. 1. sect 3. de mâ—râ—mul though it have a drying faculty yet it always increases moisture in the body especially if it be taken with food XXVI Avicenna approves of bathing in sweet water both for a hot and cold Catarrh If it be cold he disapproves it before maturation In a hot one he approves of it because the matter gives way but not in a cold one because the matter is thick and viscid If a Catarrh be imminent he forbids it because it moves the matter And while the Patient uses it he ought to sweat for so the faulty matter is evacuated Capivaâ—cius and drawn to the out side of the body ¶ When the Body is full and the Distillation yet crude I think Bathing not convenient because it melts the humours Fortis otherwise it draws from the Head and moderately digests XXVII I have observed in those Cities where Distillations from the Head are familiar such as Rome is that Women Martianus in vers 14. sect 6. l. 2. Epidem onely by Washing their heads are presently eased of their Head-ach which has its original from a Catarrh For by it the Pores of the Head are opened through which the Vapours that are retained by the Closeness of the Skin and that increase the Distillation may exhale and the acrimony of the humours is mitigated which is the cause that Fluxion remains and causes Pain ¶ I do not approve of Washing with a Decoction of cold and drying Herbs because for the most part people offend in wiping it But if either custome or necessity require it a Ly with some Leaves of Red-roses and Myrtle may be used Crato apud Scoltzium cons 21. so the Head be washed afterwards in cold water and a hot Cloth fumigated with Powder of Roses and Storax be applied XXVIII Some disapprove of Fumes building upon that of Hippocrates aphor 28.5 But if when the Body is purged and the Veins of the whole habit abound not with bad hot Juices they be made use of it is certain they sometimes help a cold Brain such as are made of Nigella seed Frankincense Sugar hot Vinegar Powder of Storax with Sugar and a little white Amber You may refer hither Smoak of Tobacco which draws much phlegmatick humours into the mouth Heurnius l. 1. meth ad prax mentions it Tobacco saith he taken in smoak is endued with a wonderfull virtue for it brings away great plenty of Phlegm out at the mouth and nostrils The dry leaves are cast upon hot coals and the smoak is taken in at the mouth wide open by a narrow funnel for it goes through the whole brain and it may be got into the ears or womb the same way I can affirm that this herb is peculiarly adapted to the brain that it easily affects the way thither and doth cleanse it from all filth But the frequent smoaking it does violence to nature especially in young and cholerick Bodies as it does good to cold and over moist Brains that overflow with Water and Phlegm Let this be the principal Caution that it be used for necessity but not for wantonness there must be sparingness and measure first let the whole Body be purged and then the Head with Sternutatories Crato in Scholtzius condemns much Fuming which he saith must be avoided by People subject to Catarrhs and such as have a Weak head And he condemns the custome of the Italians who heat some Tow in the fume of Frankincense or Amber or some such thing and apply it to the coronal Suture affirming that they doe hurt by stopping the matter of the Catarrh where it is in great quantity and especially if the Head be hot But lest the Head should be oppressed let the Cloths be fumed without the Chamber XXIX Plasters applied to the head stop the Defluxion for a time afterwards the whole matter falls down on a sudden whence comes sudden suffocation It stops for two or three days because it suspends the Catarrh Montanus but in the mean time this increases and by its sudden descent in two hours time kills a man XXX In a stubborn destillation of the head I allow of Fomentations by the frequent applying of bags filled with Millet Bran Salt and Marjoram but with rubbing with warm cloths that the heat may reach deep and concoct the humours for no man can be ignorant that frictions must not be used in destillations of the head Zecchius Cons 20. XXXI Anointings proposed by Trallianus are to be omitted as useless in a cold Catarrh and suspicious in a hot one Galen 3. Meth. 13. applied Rubificants of Pigeons dung and Stavesacre with good success in a hot Catarrh to draw back and divert the violence of the defluxion but not to take away the cause therefore Trallianus found fault with him without a reason Yet I think we had better not meddle with these two Medicines since it is not granted us to imitate him in all things onely indeed they are safer in a cold one yet suspected when there is a sympathy with the parts below Aetius also is of the same opinion and subscribes to Galen himself who 6 de san cu. determines the contrary Fortis cons 14. cent 2. Wherefore it is safer in the beginning to apply our selves to revulsive diverting and intercipient Medicines XXXII A drying Diet seems convenient by the law of contraries because abounding moisture makes the Catarrh But what is the material cause of Catarrhs A multitude of phlegmatick thick tenacious and cold humours now consider well whether Plenty do not require evacuation thickness attenuation toughness detersion or inciding cold heating what vacuation a drying diet makes will not take away a great quantity because onely thin and serous humours are evaporated by it
restlesness toward the latter end of the day was so great that I was forced to use Laudanum two grains of which in Pills swallowed every evening gave him a quiet night upon the return of day Vomiting of mere bile followed yet he could bear it well Then he drank a little strong Capon broth and that he might quench his intolerable thirst with drink a draught or two of his Emulsion was given him Within an hour almost his restlessness returned with difficulty of breathing which threatned Suffocation for none could be more extreme In the mean time the Patient desired a draught of simple water I should easily have granted it him considering he was in the flower of his age and that his disease was cholerick but because the by-standers usually reckon this strange and destructive to the Stomach not accustomed to it that I might satisfie both parties I perswaded him to natural Water but Medicinal namely the Wells at Egra in Bohemia In the mean time that I might stop his longing I commended those of Silesia As soon as they came he presently quenched his thirst and they did him good Sigism Grassius obs 99. miscell curios An. 4 5. When I visited him the next day he told me he had rested well that night he commended the Waters as gratefull both to his palate and Stomach and there were some hopes that he began to recover this hope continued so that after dinner he could sleep a little When eight days were over he signified to me he was perfectly well but that there remained some little effervescence of humours and thirst I sent him word he must continue the use of the Waters After this method but the attempt is bolder the Inhabitants of the Alps in Switzerland are said to drink Ice in cholerick Fevers Diarrhoea's and Dysenteries ¶ Borellus saith cent 2. observat 27. that he cured a Woman onely by drinking fair Water and applying Ceratum Santalinum to the region of the Stomach XIII A Woman was taken with a Vomiting and Loosness in the Month of July about Noon and before night she had twenty stools with grievous pains about her Guts and Stomach so that she was opprest with Vomiting likewise and voided much sharp and cholerick humours Being called in the evening I advise my Patient to drink a glass of Vinegar and Water till other Medicines were got ready the operation of which was so effectual that her Vomiting and Loosness were presently stopt Riverius cent 4. obs 8. and no other remedies were used because she said she was well XIV A certain Bricklayer when he was but newly Married went home every day at noon to his Wise from the Kiln which was about 2 Miles It so fell out about middle of Summer while he was too vigorous in her Embraces Dom. Panarolu◠Pentec 2. obs 11. that he voided great plenty of bloud upwards and downwards for the heat and motion had opened the mouths of the Veins nor would I call this disease by any other name than a bloudy Cholera for besides his losing about twelve pounds of bloud there were other very bad Symptoms namely want of Pulse with loss of strength Hippocratical face cold sweat and he was in a dangerous condition But by giving him four scruples of Bloudstone in Pomegranate-Wine he was presently cured to the great admiration of all men XV. When there is imminent danger from the violence of the pain we must fly to Narcoticks which when given prudently are often attended with good effects Some mix them with Purgatives that both the pain may be asswaged and the peccant matter carried off Forestus commends this of Elidaeus Take of Diaphoen half an ounce Philonium Romanum 2 Scruples Riverius pr. l. 9. c. 11. with either the Water or decoction of Chamaemil make a Potion XVI If there be a necessity of purging downwards that is when it moves imperfectly and is cholerick we must abstain altogether from Manna and Medicines made up with Honey or Sugar for they presently corrupt and turn to choler But Whey will be the best remedy of all or a Potion made with Cassia which lays the heat takes off sharpness and purges gently But if putrefied phlegm or thick Choler cause it nothing will be better than Mel. Rosatum S. ptalius Ammad vers l. 7. Sect. 2. or Solutivum in Whey or in an Infusion of Red Roses Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians Benedictus 1. Among other things Syrup of Mint with Pomegranate-Wine is highly commended if the Pomegranates themselves with their inner pulp be put in the Press 2. I gave one a little Cummin-seed powdered in Beer then of the decoction of Barley 4 ounces with Syrup of Infusion of Roses one ounce a little Honey of Roses strain it and take it then I anointed the whole part with oil of Dill and Chamaemil By which means Forestus without any other Remedy he was cured to a Miracle Fr. Joel 3. I have found no better remedy for this disease than Crocus Martis Paracelsi ¶ This also wonderfully stops a Vomiting and Loosness Take of the Mud in the bottom of Smiths Troughs in which they quench their Iron mix it with a little Vinegar and apply it warm to the Stomach for a Cataplasm Langius 4. Crystal is a most approved and excellent Remedy in a Vomiting and Loosness Half a drachm of it may be given alone or made up with other Medicines Mercatus 5. Outwardly I find Emplast de crusta panis or Bread new-baked and dipt in Pomegranate juice if it be timely applied doth much good in a Vomiting and Loosness from a hot Cause ◠olfinkius 6. In strengthening the Stomach a decoction of Mint has great virtue Coeliaca Affectio or Loosness See Lienteria Book 10. How it may be known and cured WHen too much is voided by Stool considering the quantity that is eaten seeing the usefull part must necessarily also perish we must consider whether the disease should be reckoned a Lientery or a Coeliack Passion or some other disease for if food a little after it is taken be voided and so there is a Lientery because the stay of the food and the necessary retention of it in the Stomach is hindred through some fault in the Stomach which is out of order and presently excludes all it takes it must either be strengthened or freed of its troublesome Irritation by Medicines that temper the humours and if they abound that may carry them off But if the Food do make the necessary stay in the Stomach be rightly and sufficiently fermented in it and do make a pultaceous mass which is voided such downwards and if there be that sort of Coeliack passion which I think may be called an Icterick Loosness by reason of the defect of Secretion of the Chyle and Excrements and that either through absence or sluggishness of the bile that this evil may be cured and the
of his left Ear and that he swallowed Wine with pain I told him I thought he had an Ulcer in his Throat and we must take more care of that than of his Nose and when I opened his Jaws with a Speculum oris I observed all his Palate and great part of the Vvla hugely ulcerated That the pain of his Ear depended on this no man that knows Anatomy can be ignorant The Ulcer of his Jaws being first cleansed with Fallopius his Water and he thinking he was not cured fast enough D. D. Nollens promised him a most secret Remedy presently and applied distilled Butter of Antimony I found this at the first view because upon the least touch of the Liquour it turned into a Powder as white as Snow Truly this hath great virtue in Venereal Ulcers Rotten Bones and the like and cures in a short time as it here appeared Heer 's obs 28. V. When Patients cannot swallow a Pipe must be put down the throat that they may take some food But when there is an Inflammation in the part it is too much irritated therefore it is my advice not to use the Pipe but on urgent necessity I should rather approve that some sort of Pipe might be made which may be put near the throat and also a clean Bladder full of some nourishing Drink which may be fastned to the Pipe and the Bladder squeezed with some violence as in giving Clysters that so the Drink may be forced into the Oesophagus Capiâ—accius l 1. c. 53. I have seen some restored by this Pipe who have been despaired of as starved See Angina Delirium or Raving The Contents Cured by giving Meat I. Ceasing upon voiding Worms II. A Medicine I. MAdam N's Maid fell into a Delirium so that she knew not what she said Presently those that were by thinking she was seised with some very grievous Disease tried many things But after she had taken some Meat she was presently cured for she confessed it proceeded onely from Fasting Pet. Borellus obs 87. c nt 3. Bauhiâ—â— obs which she had enjoined her self for three days upon I know not what account II. A Girl near Xeres de Guadiana twelve years old fell into a Raving which after she had voided Worms suddenly ceased A Medicine especially made use of by an eminent Physician I have found by most faithfull experience that many who could not sleep for Raving have found benefit by anointing with cold Oil of Violets and applying an Oxyrrhodinum upon it Mercatus Dentium affectus or Diseases of the Teeth The Contents The Tooth-ach must not be cured one way alone I. It s Cause usually gives place onely to Purging II. It is often exasperated with hot things III. Whether we may use Narcoticks in the Tooth-ach caused by a Vapour IV. To ease it where Causticks and Intercipients should be applied V. A periodical one cured by burning the Vessel that conveys the Humour VI. A Tooth-ach that precedes the coming of the genuine Teeth how it may be cured VII Repellents are not always proper VIII Death upon putting a Narcotick in a rotten aking Tooth IX Cured by opening a Vein in the Palate X. The efficacy of opening the Artery of the Antitragus in a violent Toot-ach XI Cured by cauterizing the Cartilage of the Ear. XII The Tooth-ach cured by opening the Saphoena XIII The use of Oil of Vitriol to preserve the Teeth from rottenness XIV With what a rotten Tooth should be stopt XV. Whether rotten Teeth should be pulled out XVI Whether they may be burnt with a Cautery XVII The Correction of Rottenness XVIII Loose ones must be fastned with Fire XIX Over-long Teeth that are not fast may be fastned by cutting off what is superfluous XX. They must not be presently drawn XXI Especially in Old men XXII When they fall from Children the Roots must be preserved XXIII With what Cautions they must be drawn XXIV Whether another can be put in the room of one that is pulled out XXV Death caused by shortning a Tooth XXVI A Fungus growing in the hole of a drawn Tooth must be rooted out XXVII Medicines I. THE Teeth ake either because of a flatulent Spirit inclosed about the Roots of them which is asswaged by a Decoction of hot Herbs in Wine also by Treacle dissolved in Wine Or because of a Defluxion of hot humours wherewith when cold ones are mixt the pain indeed is not so violent but has as it were certain intervals yet it frequently returns And this medly of humours as it happens also in the Gout is the reason why the most approved Remedies do not so much mitigate as increase the Evil unless the Physician know well the nature of the humours whereby the pain is caused and temper his Medicine according to the present affection There is also another reason because in this Disease as in all others which come of Defluxions those things that are good in the Increase are good for nothing when the Defluxion is at the height much less will they be convenient in the beginning When the unskilfull observe this their experiments often fail them except they be Narcoticks Crato apud Scholtzium cons 75. which ever take away pain but never without hurt either of the part grieved or of some one near it II. The Tooth-ach exercised me for several days especially near dinner time when the Stomach being empty of meat draws all the Juices from the rest of the Body on every hand that can come To ease it therefore when I had taken a Purge as soon as my Stomach was turned I voided above a pound of Water and that sincere and pure so that I lived ten years after free from it And being informed by this experiment whoever complained to me afterwards of the Tooth-ach I persuaded them to neglect those Remedies People commonly wash their mouths withall Carolus Piso de colluvie serosa l. 2. c. 3. and first of all to take an Hydragogue which always answered expectation III. Medicines designed to cure the Tooth-ach are most of them hot but Practice shews that such pain comes from sharp bloud or a hot distillation Therefore Physicians must go warily to work lest being deceived by the common opinion Oeâ—haeus apud Schenckium they create more trouble to the Patient by their hot Mouth-waters than they procure ease of their pain IV. I think it by no means adviseable to use Narcoticks in the Tooth-ach for the Vapour is too much congealed and thickned and by congealing we doe no more than turn a little ease into a more difficult Disease But if an intolerable and immense pain torment the Patient and the Physician be forced to comfort Nature with this sort of Remedy I advise that the Narcotick virtue be corrected by Heaters and that at the same time we have respect both to the Symptome and the Cause which may very well be done thus Take of Pellitory of Spain Pepper each 1 scruple Opium half
much the more easily a Colliquation of his body will follow while the Heat seizes and wasts the solid parts of the body And Sweat also which takes its matter from Drink is by this means hindred which might have been promoted by cold and plentifull drinking Platerus XXXVI There are four sorts of Drink of which Hippocrates treats lib. de vict Acut. Barley-water Water and Honey Wine Vinegar and Honey In a dry Disease he neither makes mention of Oxymel nor Barley-water not of the first because an over cutting thing is not proper for a dry Disease not of the latter because it being drink nourishes but little because of its thinness But he mentions Honey and Water and Wine as things that nourish and moisten And he leaves the choice of either to the Physician as if he apprehended that sometimes in a dry Disease one of them might doe hurt and the other might doe good for if a dry Disease come from a cholerick humour by reason of its furious quality Water and Honey must be avoided by all means and Wine must be given because it moistens and administers strength to Nature with an Abstersion or Incision But if a dry Disease come from an over thick humour that resists the concoctive faculty Water and Honey must be rather given than Wine as well to extenuate the grossness of the humour as to moisten the Body for Water and Honey moistens more than Vinegar and Honey Brudus XXXVII In Fevers which have their original from a hot Cause without a mixture of Phlegm especially in Summer time the use of common Water is to be chosen But it must not be concealed that wherever we desire concoction of a crude humour of a phlegmatick kind Drink of distilled Water does more harm than that of natural Water The former indeed if it be given cold cools on a double account actually and potentially Besides it pierces more into the inner parts of the body upon the account of its fiery quality Whence it is manifest that the innate heat suffers more from this sort of Waters than from what is natural Wherefore in a cold Cause and in those that labour under a Weakness of any of their inward parts I think distilled Waters should be avoided Idem XXXVIII Since natural Sleep in the beginning of an Ague fit is hurtfull it is queried Whether we must think the same of it caused by Art See Agues in general Paragr XXIX XXXIX Sleep in the beginning of a fit may seem proper to some because it is a refresher of Mens bodies and a renewer of strength for it is said to be the Authour of good digestion But at the very time of the fit more intense and stouter strength is required because at that time when the peccant matter is moved it must be attenuated dissolved and discussed that it being at last by this means consumed the end of the fit may the sooner follow But the Negative should rather be held for Men should be waking in the very fit because the bloud and spirits and therefore the innate heat in Sleep move inwards yet this motion is contrary to that whereby the natural virtue endeavours to discuss the matter in the fit and remove it outwards For the Heat concentrated in Sleep may make the inward effervescency of the Humours greater and so the Fever more violent Yet when the fit is ended Sleep is not dissallowed when afterwards it egregiously relieves the strength weakned by the battle betwixt the Disease and Nature Horstius XL. If a Physician be consulted whether it be expedient for a sick Man who begins to sweat to be covered with clothes and sweat quiet or on the contrary whether he should not hinder sweating by fanning and motion And considering the Sweat is hot and that it begins to run from the whole body and is yet doubtfull as it is of the beginning of the Disease and of the day and the Disease be not known let him bid the Patient keep himself quiet neither laying on more nor taking away any clothes and let him sweat a while When he is dubious he must visit the Patient again and observe whether he be very restless or whether he begin to breathe hard or whether the Pulse be a little languid If any such thing follow let him order him to be removed and sanned with a fan If none of these things appear and he say that he is rather relieved than oppressed let him proceed not onely one or two but several hours taking in the mean time if the business be protracted long some Broth for his refection If on the contrary he be not onely restless and his Pulse argue weakness but he faint also or look thin in the Face he must not onely prevent it by fanning but also anoint the body with some Astringent as with Oil of Myrtle strowing on Powder of Mirtle and Pomegranate-flowers c. And the signs of a spending and fainting Sweat are said and lastly for it to be cold and to gather in great drops about his Forehead and Neck for his Eyes to be hollow his Face and Nails livid When these things appear Fainting and Death is not afar off Vallesius XLI It frequently happened that they who were upon the recovery from Fevers they especially whom the Fever had macerated a long time and had not left them till after long and plenteous evacuation especially if they were of a weakly habit of body it happened I say that they assoon as they began to be warm in bed were presently all over in a Sweat whereby some were grievously weakned and recovered their strength but slowly and others were cast into a Consumption Because I thought this could arise from nothing else but the bloud being so far depauperated and weakned by the contumacy of the Disease that it could not assimilate with Juices which were newly brought to it it endeavoured to cast them off by Sweat I always persuaded them that were thus affected to take three or four spoonfulls of old Malaga-wine by the use of which their strength returned ever and their Sweats vanished Sydenham XLII In Autumn 1675. dysenterick stools came upon an epidemick Fever and sometimes a Diarrhaea I presently perceived they were symptomatick to this Fever and not as in some Constitutions original and primarily arising Which notwithstanding seeing the cause of the Disease was included in the mass of bloud it did indicate bloud-letting which indeed giving a Narcotick twice after it was sufficient to conquer this Symptome Idem XLIII It often happens that the Patient is vexed through the whole course of the Fever with a troublesome Cough that is the tumultuous mass of bloud being evidently moved and all things now looking towards a Sedition it so falls out that some loose and diffluent humours are carried out of the mass of bloud through the Vessels of the Lungs or by diapedesis into the inner membrane of the Windpipe which is
I. The Leipyria of the Arabians must be cured one way that of the Greeks another II. Whether cold things may be given to one coming from a Malignant humour III. Whether Broth may be given IV. Cordial Epithems are hurtfull V. The Diet in the Leipyria of the Arabians VI. I. THE Cure of this Fever proposed by Hippocrates l. de affect v. 107. it is proper for this saith he to apply cooling things outwardly both to the Belly and to the Body to prevent Shaking at the first blush seems foolish enough as it orders Coolers that is Medicines actually and potentially cold to be outwardly applyed because they seem highly prejudicial to the hot Internals and cold Externals for being applied outwardly they drive the Heat inwards whereby the Disease increases But this Remedy does not want its reason for whenever a bilious humour burning in the Internals causes a refrigeration of the extreme parts and not the penury of the innate heat cold things applied outwardly can doe no harm yea if they be often applied the cooling virtue being communicated from one part after another to the internal parts they may extinguish the internal heat of the Bile Nor need the retraction of the heat be feared because much Cold applied all at once causes it not what is applied by little and little and endued with no intense Cold such as he supposes must be used in this case while he orders Shaking to be prevented I can confirm the Authority of my Master by experience For I have observed People so affected that the more we endeavour to reduce them to their natural state by hot things the more violently they were cooled Above all others I observed it in N. who being in a burning Fever and very cold in his external parts after they that were by had tried for a whole day to heat him with Flannel and warm Skins applied all over his Body yet in the evening we found him colder than ever The reason is Because if such refrigeration proceed from the penury of the radical moisture and spirits if while we strive to draw the moisture and heat to the superficies by heating things we dissipate and draw it out what wonder if the Body be thereby more cooled And if for this reason hot things doe hurt for the same reason what things soever can dissipate more than hot things must be so much the more suspected for example Prosp Martianus Frictions and Cuppings which are in frequent use for the Cure of these Fevers II. Avicen reckons a Leipyria among Phlegmatick Distempers ascribing the rise of it to vitreous Phlegm while gross Vapours are elevated from it when it putrefies which cannot be carried to the external parts and make them hot Or because there are cold humours in the external parts which cannot be made hot by the heat of the Phlegm putrefying within In the Cure of it he uses Syrupus Acetosus Oxymel both simple and diuretick to cut and prepare the gross and cold humour He purges with Aloes Hiera and Rheubarb and so in short he lays down the Cure of an Epiala By Galen it is reckoned among Burning severs and these malignant and he says they are caused by an Inflammation or Erysipelas of some of the internal parts Hippocrates also reckons them among Burning fevers But every Burning fever has not this Symptome onely such as is malignant and pestilential Galen referred it amiss to a Phlegmon or Erysipelas of the Bowels for I have seen several Malignant fevers wherein the out parts were scarce warm and the inner were burning hot yet there were no signs and symptoms of the Bowels being inflamed Therefore in my judgment there is a twofold cause of this Symptome the first is seeing the Nature of this Fever consists in a malignant poisonous quality and putrefaction and that it is the property of all Poison to lay in wait for the Heart because Nature that she may defend a noble part and assist it sends bloud and spirits from every place to the Heart and noble Parts whence by accident such refrigeration follows The second cause is because this Fever is caused by humours very much putrefied lodged about the Praecordia such as eruginous Bile very much putrefied the meeting of which when Nature cannot bar she endeavours to evacuate them by Vomit and Stool and therefore strives to doe it with all her force and thereupon a concourse of all the Humours inwards follows Hereto I think may be added the peculiar property of the malignant humours to incline rather inwards than outwards Here we must first give a Clyster then bleed and then use Coolers and Cordials as Juice of Lemons Citron Pomegranate Cataplasms of Barley-meal mixt with Juice of Housleek and the like Coolers must be applied to the Hypochondria and often changed Finally the same Cure is owing to this Fever as to a burning malignant those things being added whose property it is to resist Malignity And we must remember from Hippocrates 2. de Morb. l. de Affect that we use onely Broths till the Fever is over for Drink we must give small Mede we must purge onely by Clysters Primirosius l. 2. de Feb. c. 8. not by any other Catharticks before the Fever is gone III. Alteratives are very requisite in this Fever so that Paulus and Aetius have affirmed that drinking of Cold water is proper yet not in the beginning but in the state that is when signs of Coction appear And although Aetius gave Cold water to a certain Woman without tarrying for Coction yet it was an improper Leipyria caused by an Erysipelas in the Stomach whose proper Remedy is drinking of Cold water as Galen 9. Meth. 5. teaches But I in this case more willingly chuse some Alterative which may not by its quantity oppress the innate Heat but has a cooling and moistning virtue such as are distilled Waters of Juice of Sorrel Cichory yea and Water melon which may be given to a pound and a half adding 3 or 4 ounces of Scorzonera-water Fortis l. de Febr. Which Potion may be given 5 or 6 hours after the beginning of the Fever IV. But that Heat may more easily come to the external parts or at least that the Bowels may not be so grievously suffocated and afflicted thereby it will not be amiss 3 hours after the beginning of the Fit to give not indeed Broth altered with Citron-seed as it uses erroneously to be done for nothing then must be offered which has the nature of Aliment but 3 or 4 ounces of Cordial-water of totius Citri Scorzonerae and Saxoniae may by and by be given as was said after some altering Potion and then the Broth 2 or 3 hours after that namely of something altered with Cichory Borage Endive Cinquefoil and Tormentil adding Syrup de acido Citri of Juice of Lemons and a convenient portion of some altering Broth. Idem V. It is an Errour in Physicians who when in Continual fevers
must often give such things as restore the ferments of the bloud and bowels and correct their dyscrasies Wherefore fixt Salts of herbs their extracts acid mineral Spirits and sometimes preparations of Steel are very good Concerning these means there lies a different task since because of the manifold evil many things must be done at once yet because of the assiduity of the Ague-fit the Patient has but time to use few of them In these complicated distempers though the form of method require us first to remove impediments and then to cure the Disease yet I have known such an Ague in a cacochymick body accompanied with several other illnesses has been cured a methodically and in an Empirical manner That is after a little provision for the whole they first eased the Ague-fit by applying febrifuges outwardly that an opportunity might be taken of curing the rest better afterwards I visited a Gentlewoman who had long been of a cachectick habit of body she was taken a month after her Lying-in with a languid Quotidian-ague after six or seven Fits whereby she was brought so low that she could not rise from her bed nor take the least nourishment but great trouble was created thereby to her Stomach Moreover the region of her Stomach and her left Hypochondrium was beset with an hard renitent and exceeding painfull swelling all over besides the use of Clysters there was no room for evacuation because of the lowness of strength Her Stomach loathed any the most gratefull Medicines In this difficult case which was circumscribed within narrow bounds of cure I advised these few things namely twice a day to take two ounces of Aqua magistralis lumbricorum with six drops of Elixir proprietatis in it Moreover I ordered a fomentation to be applied to her Stomach of leaves of Pontick Wormwood Centaury Southernwood with Roots of Gentian boiled in a Pot well covered and after that a Tost of Bread dipt in the same liquour to be applied upon the region of the Stomach Besides I ordered febrifuge Plasters to be applied to her Wrists And by these remedies onely she mist her Fit the third day and remained free from it afterwards Willis e. g. l. de feb and then in a short time she perfectly recovered by the use of chalybeate Medicines II. The Illustrious Veslingius and I several times visited Andrew Argol the famous Mathematician when he was very old and lying ill of a kind of Quotidian ague with long destillations yet not customary to him when the Spring was far come on of which he recovered not so much by Medicines as by abstinence concoction of the humours and strengthning of the innate heat being procured thereby For he took nothing but Aloëtick Pills called Aloephangini and Cichory Broth. A rare example in our times but very conformable to the Prescriptions of the Ancients Velschius obs 5. with whom such Abstinence and observations of a Diatritaios were very usual III. In a Latick Ague we must have a care of Purges or they must be very gentle and given with great caution for the humour that is the cause of the Ague is dipersed through the whole to the minime parts after the manner of the natural moisture the coction and separation whereof Nature regards not but because of its mixtion in minime parts with the natural humidity she keeps it Wherefore I have not known such persons cured either by Purging or Bleeding Nay if the Belly be loose either of it self or with Physick they grow worse and the good being evacuated with the bad before separation be made they dye wherefore we must proceed rather with a good course of Diet than with Medicines IV. In a Phlegmatick Ague which the Arabians call Latick or Latent much of the innate heat is spent therefore we must give food that nourishes much The Body is troubled with a moistning and laxative humidity from a cold and moist humour but because of putrefaction turned hot and dry Wherefore the body is affected with this Fever as if some part were put in boiling water wherefore some have called this the Ebullient Ague The proper food for such as are taken with this disease must be actually cold and dry but potentially moist And this is that it may dry up the moistning humidity and that it may restore the body deprived of the innate moisture and harden the lax members Now this is difficult to find in a Simple wherefore you must thus make a Sorbition Boil a Pheasant or Partridge or a Kid for these are the best of Flesh with Roots and Rinds of Citron and leaves of Artichoaks boil them to a Broth make a Sorbition with Bread The Artichoak removes the moistning and laxative humidity hardens a lax part and that without the wasting of the innate moisture Besides it opens and provokes Urine and penetrates deep which is required to the cure of this Fever because the humour is dispersed to the minime parts of the body Whence any one may reasonably gather that a thick and plentifull Urine and Sweat are two remedies of this Ague Brudus de victis febricit l. 3. c. 10. Nor must it be omitted that above all Humorary Fevers this Quotidian Ague requires a Diet that may strengthen Body much Brudus de victu febricit l. 3. c. 10. after the manner of a Hectick to which it is very like V. Nor must I pass by in silence that for them who are thus sick it is very good to boil Garlick especially for such as are used to it in their Meat and Broths for it has a prerogative in strengthning the natural faculties and repairing the damages therein which arise from the excess of two qualities that is cold and moisture moreover it corrects the faults of the putrid humour when it is dispersed all the body over it has also the faculty of driving from the centre to the circumference Nevertheless because of its heat and acrimony but little of it must be mixt with Broths Idem and it must be first steeped in Sorrel juice VI. The proper drink for them is Whitewine small defaecate and clear of which take two parts Pomegranate juice of a middle taste half of one part Water wherein fresh Maiden hair has been boiled one part Mix them But you must take care that the Wine be very weak which you give them Idem otherwise it will doe them no small harm VII We must take very great care that they be not loose in their Bellies but rather on the contrary we must endeavour to make the Body costive by things that open the pores of the Skin and provoke Sweat Idem VIII Trallianus lib. 12. cap. 17. in Quotidian Agues when the Liver and mouth of the Stomach are cooled and there is a Vomiting of Phlegm approves of pickled things and other hot things for a cold and moist Stomach bears all extenuaters without harm I ventured says he once to give a certain Man who
the greatest part of these humours will go to the urinary passages Idem VI. There are some that maintain all manner of Womens Whites may be cured by diuretick Medicines but they are in a manifest errour The causes must be distinguished and according to the various nature of them different methods of cure must be insisted on This Disease comes sometimes from the fault of the whole body and sometimes of the womb When the whole body is full of an ill habit or cacochymie or the Liver is obstructed or the Spleen or Stomach is weak or the Head supplies excrements then the womb may be thus troubled We must consider what humours abound hot or cold and how they are affected For it shews they are hot when this excrement is sharp and scalding so as it eats whatever part it touches and sometimes causes itching and Ulcers or chaps with a sense of heat besides when it is stinking and yellow It will doe well to consider here the temperament natural and acquisititious the preceding causes the habit of the body and season of the year Contrary signs will indicate contrary humours When therefore the flux in the womb comes from these causes when hot and bilious humours abound I most suspect this method of cure by Diureticks For who can think that a hot Disease can be removed by very hot and drying Medicines for suppose that evacuation made by Diureticks may doe some good certainly greater damage will ensue from increase of the quality Indeed it is my custome to reduce such bodies to a good state Universals premised with a Ptisan well prepared adding the greater cold Seeds And I do profess I have often cured with Asses and Goats milk uterine fluxes that have been given over by other Physicians in thin bodies with sharp humours This is my peculiar method The first four days I give a quart of Milk that the whole Body may be well purged and 10 two quarts for fifteen days but boiled and the days following to forty one in which time I generally found they were cured I give Milk chalybeate A most certain and rare Remedy But if the humours be cold and there be obstructions in the Bowels if there be a cold intemperature of the whole or of the principal parts who will deny Diureticks given according to art Does any one doubt but they have a deobstruent heating cutting and cleansing faculty Augenius VII Hippocrates 2. de morb Mul. vers 116. among divers sorts of Uterine fluxes propounds the yellow flux in which what is voided is like a rotten Egg when the white and yelk are mixt together from a mixture of which a yellow colour arises which indicates vitelline Bile Hippocrates cures this Flux thus First he purges upwards with Hellebore and then downwards that the whole body may be rid of the Cacochymie Secondly he orders a moistning and temperate Diet which may cool and qualifie the hot and sharp humours Then he gives astringent Medicines which may stop the flux and he changes the Diet into a contrary course If the Disease do not give way to these things he returns to the former Diet which he orders to be continued so long till the acrimony of the humours abate which the heating of he Ulcers the abating of the Inflammation and what is voided will shew for then he finishes the Cure by Exsiccants and Astringents Let the Moderns consider this method of cure who go the contrary way to work for they order a drying Diet first and give a decoction of the same faculty to drink And after they have by this their way of Cure brought the sharp fretting humours to the height of acrimony they betake them to a contrary method and turn their whole intention to cooling and moistning For they do not observe that by giving Medicines in the beginning which are actually moist and potentially dry they commit a double errour because they increase the humours by actual humidity which should rather be diminished by evacuations and by the drying and hot quality the hot and sharp quality of the same humours is intended and the hot intemperature of the Bowels if there be any is increased and by this means they give assistence to the Disease and its Cause And when as afterwards they betake themselves to coolers and moistners they commit other two faults for by coolers they clog the body full of sharp humours and by moistners they dissolve the humours which had formerly been dried by the preceding exsiccation Martianus câ—m in cit loc whereby they make the Patient every day worse VIII Astringents must-never be used till the antecedent matter be well evacuated and derived otherwise those humours retained run to the more noble parts and cause grievous symptoms As Galen writes it befell Boëthius his Wife whose Belly swelled with the preposterous use of Astringents the serous humours being retained which used before to be evacuated This also must be observed that while we use Astringents the antecedent matter may be diverted another way and the breeding of it hindred Riverius IX They do not advise ill who in the Whites order Issues in the Hips and in the inside of the Legs for so they affirm the Whites are amended while the serous matter is averted to the crural Veins They are good especially if the Disease be inveterate From Galen 5. Aph. 56. it is evident that among the causes which hinder monthly purgation this is not the least when the humours incline some other way than to the womb like as he said that some excretions whether natural or made by Art as Ulcers do make revulsion of and derive the bloud from the womb and transfer it to other parts The same judgment may be given of vitious humours falling upon the womb Do not we also know from Hippocrates that making much water in the night signifies that one goes but little to stool Quâ—ius de Quaesitis X. I have observed in Women that were never before troubled with the Whites they have followed the taking of a Purge when Nature by taking one has been excited to other excretions and that many Women when they have been bathing have contracted this Disease not by Contagion but because by the constant use of the Bath as Nature discharges the excrements by Sweat so also the same by this excretion expells especially what is too thick to be carried off by Sweat Platerus XI The Arteries of the Nose and partly also the Veins discharge their excrementitious humidities into the spongy parts about the Nose and Jaws for these Vessels are divaricated in the flesh of the Nostrils and Jaws like Spiders-webs and sweat out a kind of dew just as water sweats through earthen ware before it is glazed But how comes it to pass that many void little or nothing at the Nose I answer that very few are found who are of so happy a temper as to be void of excrements This Driness of the Nose and
Paracelsus Apply them they cure any fracture Simon Pauli 2. I do solemnly protest that Meadow-sweet mixt in Plasters has wrought admirable effects in a fracture of the Arm which was almost incurable 3. For breeding a Callus many do commend the Stone Osteocolla in powder a drachm whereof is often given in Comfrey water Sennertus But it is better in grown than in young people because in these it increases Callus too much Fulmen or Thunder The Contents The Cure of one that is Thunder-struck I. If there be a fracture of the bones What must be done II. How the Eschar may be removed III. I. IN June Anno 1671. A Maid 15 years old was struck down with Thunder in the house as it were stonied they in the house treated her as if she had been dead She was laid upon a bed and stript and first of all all one Breast was red intermixt with some blackness as if she had been burnt with Gunpowder Under her breast there were brownish streaks pointing transverse her Belly to the Pubes which was deprived of hair and excoriated and there were some streaks on her left thigh There was at hand some Apoplectick water two spoonfulls whereof I poured into her upon which she presently came to her self and answered well to what was asked her She complained of a great heat in her Throat and of a pain in the part that was hurt Half a drachm of Pulvis Bezoarticus Anglicus was presently given her in Chervil-water after which she sweat well and the heat in her Throat abated Then an Ointment of Cream and White-lead was applied to the hurt place whereby she found much ease But because she continued something feverish eight ounces of an Emulsion was given her made of Seeds of White-popy Columbine Millet Ab Hermannus mis cur an 72. obs 182. and Carduus Benedictus with 2 drachms of Pulvis Bezoarticus Anglicus after which she was well and the Fever ceased The Cuticle was restored to the excoriated Breast by my Emplastrum Dia-saturni II. If any bones be broke the vulgar astringent Cataplasms must not be used lest the evaporation of the venome be hindred but another of Bean-flower Lupines Root of Angelica Swallow-wort Leaves of Rue Scordium Treacle and it must be renewed every day till the strength of the venome be conquered and dissipated But a defensative must be applied above the place Sennertuâ— lest the venomous vapours ascend by the Vessels to the Heart III. If an Eschar be made it must be timely taken off with a Pen-knife and such an Unguent applied Take of powder of the Root of Swallow-wort Angelica each half an ounce Leaves of Rue Scordium each 1 drachm Treacle 2 drachms Spirit of Treacle 3 drachms Honey of Roses 2 drachms Mix them When the Ulcer is cleansed this Sarcotick powder must be strowed on it Take of Root of Angelica Swallow-wort each 1 ounce Myrrhe Mastich Frankincense Leaves of Scordium each half an ounce Aloe Socotrina 2 drachms make a Powder which must be wet with juice of true Tabacco and Sanicle Make Trochius Idem A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK VII Of Diseases beginning with the Letter G. Gangraena Sphacelus or Gangrene Mortification The Contents Defensatives are not proper in every one I. The prevention of one imminent according to Hippocrates II. Narcoticks must be cautiously applied to parts where it is imminent III. Oily and fat things suspected IV. Arsenick is not proper V. An Actual Cautery though safer than a Potential one cannot always be used VI. When it arises from an internal cause it scarce admits of a Cure VII The Cure of one imminent from a Puncture VIII Of one bred of a malignant Inflammation IX There is no curing of a Gangrene after a Fever X. The taking away of a Gangrene by Causticks XI Mortified places require not onely the taking away of the skin but of the flesh also XII If the strength will not bear Amputation what must be done XIII The Leg must be cut off near the Knee XIV We must not be too hasty in Amputation XV. Sometimes it is useless XVI Whether it may be made in a Joint XVII Bâ— a Knife and Botallus his way not to be allowed of XVIII Whether it must be made in the dead or live part XIX The Body must be first prepared XX. Whether Narcoticks may be given XXI After the operation the Patient must be carefully looked after XXII How a Haemorrhagy following may be stopt XXIII The Bâ—ndage on the upper part when Amputation is made must be removed XXIV The part must not be wrapt up too warm XXV How abscission of the middle and ring finger may be performed XXVI Cautions about cutting off a hand affected with a Cancer not ulcerous XXVII Medicines I. IN a Gangrene from afflux of bloud and humours as long as the fluxion continues Defensatives are good When it ceases they may be omitted that the innate heat may reach to the part affected But if any beginning of corruption shew it self we must proceed in the use of them that the way may be stopt to Vapours that are raised from putrefaction and which go to the noble parts In a Gangrene bred of a cold and moist intemperature where no fluxion is they are not proper unless a mortification be at hand to stop the Vapours A Gangrene that is the product of a dry intemperature and want of aliment plainly excludes Defensatives for they by their astriction straiten and stop the ways of the Spirits and of Nutrition But if a mortification be at hand they should not be rejected that the coming of Vapours to the principal parts may be prevented However if it owe its original to a malignant matter bred in the body and driven outwards there is no room for them II. Whatever parts are taken with a Sphacelus we must intercept the Vein exulcerate and heal Hipp. sect 5. l. 2. Epid. That is It can no otherwise be cured than by intercepting a Vein and exulcerating a part And he says a Vein is intercepted when that or those Veins which carry bloud to the gangrened part are cut off in their way by cutting burning or tying By exulcerating he means deep scarification of the part Therefore when signs of a Gangrene begin to appear in a part we must quickly make provision for the whole and if any Vein seem swelled and black it must be intercepted with a Cautery and we must ulcerate the parts that are then dying with deep scarifications or burn them or partly exulcerate them and apply eating Medicines to them and partly burn them But any thing less than these is useless in this Disease Vallesius Câ—â—â—m in locum III. Narcoticks must not be applied except in a little quantity and something corrected with hot things to parts that are indisposed swelled and that are of an ill habit or ready to gangrene because of Incision made in them or for any other
which we do by premising convenient Evacuations and applying emollients and digestives But we must have a care as much as may be that no suppuration do follow here because when it arises of it self or is caused through carelessness it brings with it perverse and oftentimes incurable Ulcers by which these nervous places are sometimes so corrupted that the motion of that joint is oftentimes either lost or depraved Platâ—râ—s III. In some places Ganglia are cured with the Knife in others as in the Feet and Hands it is very dangerous to wound them with a Knife Therefore Ammoniack or some other Malactick must be applied that it may cover the whole Ganglium a plate of Lead must be laid over it and it must be tied on very strait and so as that the Ganglion can slip no way Some onely tie on a plate and when in a few days they find it softned when the Lead and Plaster is taken off they set the right Thumb upon the Ganglium and set their Fingers round about and press it as hard as they are able till they break it in pieces This indeed was the old way but now it is out of use The present age does better Men observe the membranaceous Stalk the Glands and Branchings of the Veins where the Ganglium rises and whereby it is increased they open a way by the Knife they lay all bare they tie the vessels with a thread they turn aside the Nerves they bind dry consume burn and cut off the Stalk Glands and Veins whereby the Disease is fed and that way as it were extirpate the root of the Disease that new matter may not breed afterwards and no new Ganglion may grow again Although this way of cure is not without danger if the Ganglion be great and in a place where many great vessels and Nerves meet Sometimes also the vessels underneath are corrupt and putrefied great veins and arteries which being laid bare bleed excessively so that no man can stop them whereby the Patient is killed in a short time Turpentine quick Lime and Goose-grease well tempered together Hollerius dissolve a Ganglion Gibbositas or Crookedness in the Back The Contents The cure of one arising from an internal Cause I. The elevation of the depressed Vertebrae II. Gibbosity arising from some fault in the Muscles not in the Bones how it may be cured III. One following a Fever cured by dissolvents IV. The Spine restored by help of Iron Stayes V. I. GIbbosity has its original from the Spine when the vertebrae start outwards or on one side out of their natural place to which sometimes an external cause but most of all an internal cause gives occasion especially when some pituitous humour is gathered thereabout This humour must be removed by Oils and Plasters that have a dissipating virtue before the prominent part be reduced to its natural place by an Iron Instrument fitted to any man's body This reduction is performed not so much by pression as by the emollient virtue of the Iron This is the reason why when the Patient is already cured he must use a Stay for a year or two longer P. Barbetto that the soft Bones may not start out again II. Mr. Ranchinus cured a luxation in the Spina dorsi in the Noble Lady N which came from a Catarrh falling from her brain upon the Spine whereby two vertebrae in the middle of the Spine were displaced After Universals she used a Barbers Press where he presses his Linen with a screw she applied one board to her back and another to her breast but she left off the use of it because the compression of her breast hindred her breathing At length she used that Instrument whereby they use to heave up Coaches when they stick in some hollow place in French un Criq on whose circular end they laid a piece of wood to be fitted to the displaced vertebra putting a linen cloth between The other end of the Instrument was set against the Wall then the Patient was held fast about her Shoulders afterwards the instrument was forced gently till she could bear the pain no longer at which time she desisted Riverius This was done twice a day and so the Luxation was cured by degrees III. A Nobleman of a tall stature about 40 years old was so crooked that all who met him might well have taken him for one of Ninety rather than one of that age He went to several who make it their profession either to restore dislocated parts or to reduce such as are mishapen to a due figure but all to no purpose The man was very much troubled and as he was curious to get a remedy for his indisposition among others he came to me This evil conformation of his Body seemed to arise not so much from any fault in the bones as from his Muscles being loaden with ill humours While therefore I was preparing and purging the humours and applied such fomentations as I thought proper for his Disease he began not beyond some hopes but far sooner than I expected in six weeks time to be so well that he could carry his tall body upright This observation may serve for admonition that Anatomy do not deceive the unwary Kerckeringius Obs Anat. 45. while they think that all external deformity takes its original from some bone distorted inwardly IV. In the year 1668. I saw a bending and a distortion of the whole Spine from top to bottom in a Boy and a Girl caused by humours settling there after a Fever Chirurgeons were sent for they attempted restitution by Machines and Steel Stayes I contrary to the Chirurgeons mind restored them perfectly by dissolvents and Strengthners the humour being discussed that filled the Muscles and Ligaments and driven back by Metathesis it not as yet being fully settled there V. I shewed the way for a certain Nobleman's Child that was crooked in his back whos 's Spine stood very much out how in his Infancy they might make Iron Stayes such as armed Men wear made of thin plates and covered inside and outside with Cloth for him to wear Which being done when he had worn it about a years time night and day and was so used to it that he found no trouble in it by degrees his crookedness was pressed in Platerus Obs l. 1. p. 164. and the Spine came to its natural streightness So that afterwards he always went upright and grew a very tall man Gonorrhoea Pollutio nocturna or Running of the Reins and nocturnal Pollution The Contents The Cause lies not always in the Genitals I. The Cure must be varied according to the variety of Causes II. The distinction of Seed from Pus and Phlegm III. A virulent one must never be cured by Astringents IV. The use of Astringents is oft times hurtfull V. It must not be stopt rashly VI. Things that extinguish Seed are not always proper VII In a virulent one bloud must be let in the foot
of Seed of Willow seven drachms Calaminth six drachms Seed of white Vitex five drachms Rue half an ounce Hemlock Seed two drachms Make it with water into Trochiscs Aetius Give the quantity of a Hazle-nut in five ounces of Posca 2. Among noble Confections this is reckoned most effectual Take of Pine Nuts first washed in water Pistachio Nuts Seed of Cucumber Cucurbite Raisins each half an ounce Cinamon Mace Seed of Anise Agnus Castus each one ounce Alex. Benedictus Camphire one drachm Make it with Sugar 3. This Confection wonderfully helps a Gonorrhoea Take of Seeds of Melon two ounces Cucurbit one ounce Agnus Castus half an ounce Acacia Coral each one drachm Been white and red each two scruples With Sugar make a Confection Rod. Ã Castro the dose half an ounce with three ounces of Plantain-water 4. This is singular good for a Gonorrhoea Take of Gum-arabick Tragacanth Carabe Mumy Bole Armenick the mandible of a Pike each what is sufficient and with Syrup of dried Roses or Myrtle Make Pills of one scruple in weight At the first time let him take three Pills Crato and then one for several days 5. I commend this for strengthening of the parts Take of the whole Mastick Tree with the Bark cut very small one ounce and an half Infuse it in six pounds of Water add of juice of Lemons depurated three ounces Digest them in Balneo twenty four hours Rod. Ã Fonseca The Dose is six ounces in the morning for several days together 6. One was cured of a Gonorrhoea onely with this Apozeme Take of Root of Comfrey half an ounce Plantain Horse-tail Daisie Knot-grass each one handfull Sorel one handfull and an half Seed of Plantain one drachm Sorel Mallow each half an ounce red Rose Flowers one pugil Raisins half an ounce scraped Liquorice three drachms Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water To the Colature add of Syrup of Purslain Myrtle each one ounce and an half Forestus Mix them Make an Apozeme for three doses in the morning 7. If in a virulent Gonorrhoea the parts be inflamed and pained Grulingius a Cataplasm of Leaves of Rue and Dwarf Elder boiled in Vinegar and applied is a present Remedy C. C. de Heredia 8. Powder of Ivory presently cures a Gonorrhoea whether Gallick or Legitimate and other Women's Diseases 9. Natural Bathes Sennertus which have an astringent faculty are here very good or artificial ones which have the same virtue 10. I frequently use juice of Citron and Lemon with great success because it conduces much to extinguish Seed Oil of Henbane if a Woman's Loins and her Loci be anointed therewith Mercurialis is commended outwardly and has often been experienced by me 11. Purging premised Take of Wall-Rue one handfull bruise it and with a little Flower and one Egg bake it on a Tile into a Cake yet without Oil and Butter let the Woman eat this Cake in the morning two days and her Gonorrhoea will presently be stopt 12. This is an approved Remedy Take of dried Mint three drachms Seed of Agnus Castus Root of Iris Seed of Rue each one drachm Seed of Lettuce two drachms and an half white Sugar one ounce Mix them Make a Powder Joh. Zechiaâ— The Dose half an ounce with Chalybeate water for a Woman's Gonorrhoea Gurgulionis Affectus or Diseases of the Uvula The Contents The applying of Powders to it when swelled sometimes does harm I. When it does good II. When it is grown long we must not hasten to cut it out III. It must be cautiously cut out IV. Imprudently cut off the Cause of Death V. Powders are to be preferred before Gargarisms VI. Medicines I. WE must have a care when the Body is impure or the part affected is troubled with an Inflammation and Afflux of Humours that we do not use hot and eroding Medicines as also if there be any Malignant Quality bred of an atrabilarious humour or which savours of a Cancer For Cancrous Ulcers are exasperated and irritated by eroding Medicines In such I shall rather apply a Medicine made of ashes of Crabs with their Menstruum The Wife of N. after riding in the hot Sun was taken with a defluxion upon her Vvula and Jaws A Barber Chirurgeon was called who when he found the Vvula swoln he blew in a very sharp hot Powder three or four times a day Hereupon an Inflammation and a very dangerous abscess arising not onely the Vvula but also the Cartilages of the Nose were eroded and Ulcers broke out here and there in the Face When the Matron's Vvula by reason of the Catarrh was relaxed and inflamed and Aqua Regia had been indiscreetly applied a great Inflammation there followed with danger of Life Hildanus Cent. 6. Obs 15. A most dangerous Quinsey followed upon applying Powder of long Pepper and Saffron to the Throat and Jaws II. But if it degenerate into the form of a Grape and you see the Vvula grow narrow upwards then you must not use Coolers and Restringents any more but you must endeavour with moderate Dissolvents as with a Gargarism onely of hot water or wherein a little Fenugreek and Fenil has been boiled and it must be touched with a Spatula strewed with fine Powder of Pepper Cummin and Fenil Nor need we fear Pepper in this place for it is often used alone with good success when the Vvula is inflamed For which reason the vulgar dare say relying on this Argument that Pepper is potentially cold supposing that hot things are onely expelled by cold not knowing that the chief Cure of Inflammations is to be performed by hot things Botallus l. de Catarrhâ— c. 8. Sect. 16. dissolving that which sticks to the Part. III. It must not immediately be cut off as the stalk begins to grow pale and small but scarifications must be tried first which usually give present relief to parts that are almost dead for a Gangrene will never mortifie any part if they be applied in time But in this case the Vvula is falling or already faln into a Gangrene and why should you fear to scarifie that in hopes of restitution which you are resolved to cut off Idem ibid. IV. Abscission must not be made over precipitately if the cure can be performed by any other means because sometimes by taking it away either the Voice is hurt or a Consumption follows or a bleeding is raised which cannot easily be stopt But before it be cut off we must see what the figure and colour of it is For it must not be touched if it be round in its lower part and slender above hanging as it were by a stalk Or if it be very red and as it were bloudy that is speckled with drops of bloud or if it cause pain For if such an one be touched it easily turns to a Carcinoma On the contrary if it be small and long and not very red but whitish in the
them in the manner of a Schirrhus yet without a Schirrhus it so much distends them that a great swelling oftentimes arises about the Region of the Liver and shews it self by the same signs that a Schirrhus has but that it is less renitent and bred in a shorter time For oftentimes it appears so big that it fills the whole Hypochondrium so that you can neither feel the ends of the ribs nor get your fingers under them nor can you feel any figure or circumscription of the Liver It is known that this Disease comes from abundance of vaporous and gross wind because the Patients perceive not onely a sense of gravity but of distension Not much unlike as the Spleen is sometime distended by a flatuous Spirit as Trallianus testifies they call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Windiness and Inflation And when vulgar Physicians know not that the swellings of both these viscera come from wind how blindly do they go about the Cure when they know not the cause of this Disease Then thousands of Juleps are prescribed the cure is protracted a long time and at last when they have done more harm than good they with great constancy affirm that it is an incurable Schirrhus of the Liver or the Spleen But this Ignorance does shamefully disgrace its authors for when this cloudy vapour impacted in the part is in process of time discussed by the innate heat with fomentations fasting an extenuating and heating Diet administred by old Women and Empericks the swelling of the Hypochondrium vanishes all pain is pacified and these pains with their false opinion are rejected I exhort therefore all ingenuous lovers of truth and such as have regard to their Good-Name and Credit diligently to learn the difference between the Symptoms of Wind and others Indeed it is very difficult but very commendable and a thing that gains the Learned much credit For many Patients as if they were breathing their last through excessive pain and trouble do miserably cry out for no other cause than that they come from a windy Spirit Which if it be corrupt if it arise from a putrid and poisonous matter and run up and down the Limbs with intolerable pain then it requires a man well skilled in the works of Art who can know both the molesting Wind and the matter whence it arises and can distinguish this from other Diseases Moreover the distension of the Hypochondrium from wind alone is of no long continuance without the efflux of Phlegm for continual Pain draws it the extension of the passages admits it and the coldness of it yea and of both of them weakens the Liver whereupon crude humours are bred Wherefore I would advise the Physician to take care of both but of that especially which is most urgent Yet we must have a care how we use hot things especially in such as are plethorick or have got a hot Liver either by nature or a hot course of Diet. A large Cupping-glass applied twice or thrice with much flame is good yet not before the phlegm be perfectly evacuated otherwise there were danger lest it should fix the phlegm there and prove the cause of a true Schirrhus Almost the same remedies are good for the flatulent obstruction of the Spleen which are good for the Liver but it requires stronger purges if the humours be gross But if there be no great store of flatulencies and they be thin without hot matter and if the habit of the body be spare then gentle things must be used both inwardly and outwardly Flenus Physograph cap. 9. 19. and oftentimes the applying of a Cupping-glass will be sufficient XVI My Tincture made of Mars and Saccharum Saturni in Plantain-water is good against an Inflammation of the Liver For Saturn is contrary to all Inflammations But we must have a care that we use it not too often Petraeus Nosol Harmon l. 2. p. 211. Externally the same may be used with Water of Plantain Roses Strawberry or Night-shade ¶ If you would know whether there be an Inflammation in it or in any other part apply hot Topicks If the part can bear them there is no inflammation Riverius But if it cannot bear them certainly know there is an Inflammation and that an Abscess will follow XVII The Wife of N. being ill of a Schirrhus in her Liver used so many emollient things that at length an Inflammation â—nd then a great Abscess arose after which an Ulcer and Death followed From whence it is clear that Emollients must not be used to Scirrhous Tumours as Galen 5. simp cap. 1. advises And not onely Scirrhous Tumours of the Internal parts Fab. Hildanus c. 4. de Gangraen but of the external also are exasperated by them and turn to Cancers XVIII If the Scirrhus be contumacious Emplastrum è Cicuta Hildani does the business I used it with good success in a Lawyer of Marpurg Although it cause pain Hartmannus yet it must be kept on and renewed every third day XIX The Liver being a noble part must be treated with great caution for you must not think that you need not care with what remedies you alter it so as you may reduce it to its natural Symmetry but you must see when it rages with heat that you do not apply to it chilly things whereby the small veins of the Liver may be stopt for thence a great calamity of Putrefaction may arise and a foundation may be laid for the greatest Fevers Let them therefore be openers of obstructions such as breathe a gentle heat for this is a part of so great authority that Life cannot subsist without it Heurnius ¶ I indeed avoid the excessive use of cold things to the Liver Because it is a part which when it is hot easily falls into the contrary fault Yet to them that have a natural strength in that part and their Liver burns with a hot intemperature an Oxyrrhodinum actually cold may be applied as it is used to the Forehead and also a Cataplasm made of it and Barley-flower or of bruised herbs cold virtually as well as actually And truely I have found this very seasonable in Burning Fevers Vallesius with an Inflammation of it XX. When the Liver is hot we must consider whether the Intemperature be simple or come of bile If from bile we must cool with gentle aperients and bind a little as with Conserve of Maiden-hair Heurnius with Cichoraceous things Bugloss and the greater cold Seeds XXI Then for tempering the heat of the Liver and Bloud two great remedies must be used the one internal the other external The Internal is Asses Milk and Sugar methodically given for forty days and more And the External is a Bath of sweet Water for the whole body made of a decoction of leaves of Mallow Fortis cons 47. cent 4. Violets Willow Water-lily c. XXII After the Meat is passed out of the Stomach and
about the Heart oftentimes the Stomach sympathizes and casts all up that is in it by Vomit Nay I have known in some young Children that this Disease has fallen now and then on other parts and has raised Convulsive motions in the Face Eyes and Limbs and sometimes has proved mortal The Disease is difficult and usually very long in cure The principal indications will be to purge the serous and sharp humours drowning the Lungs out of the bloud and bowels that their tendency to the Brain and sometimes to the Breast may be prevented And to strengthen the Parts that they may not easily admit the superfluities of the estuating Serum To these ends Vomits and gentle Purges are almost always good and sometimes must be repeated Blisters are often usefull yea if the Disease be stubborn an Issue may be made in the Neck or Arm or about the Armpits Drink and liquid Aliment must then be taken in less quantity than usual and instead thereof a Diet-drink of Sarsa China Sanders shavings of Hartshorn and diuretick and antispasmodick ingredients may be used In this case some remedies are cried up as Specificks such as Cup-moss given in Powder or boiled in Milk and so given frequently every day A decoction or Syrup of Castor and Saffron Decoctions of Root of Poeony Misletoe of the Oak and Hyssop have done good to many Water of Black Cherries Saxifrage and Water of Snails distilled with Whey Willis and proper ingredients are often given with success CIII Whether in Childrens Cough may the Breast be anointed The Negative seems probable 1. Because all Anointing stops the Pores of the Skin 2. And the virtue of the Ointment reaches not to the inner parts 3. By rubbing of the Ointment on hot the fluxion to the part affected is greater But I hold the Affirmative because such Liniments have an emollient digesting and dissipating faculty Therefore I answer to the first That Anointing actually cold stops the Pores of the Skin but not that which is actually and potentially hot 2. It is sufficient to help Nature and to promote the discharge of the peccant matter outwardly by occult transpiration 3. It is granted that some attraction is made but it is to the exteriour and sound part Horstius CIV In Childrens Coughs which our Country people call the Hooping Cough Bloud-letting gives great relief Sydenham and far exceeds all pectoral Medicines Varae Tibiae or Crooked Legs CV Oftentimes Children about two years old when they begin to go are crook-legged for which their carefull Mothers take the advice of Chirurgeons and they try to set their Legs and Thighs streight with divers Engines but to no purpose because naturally and of their own accord when they are three or four years old Formius obs 30. the Legs and Muscles grow strong and the Parts return to their natural state Ventris Dolor Tumor Pain or Swelling in the Belly CVI. What remains of the Navel-string after cutting mortifies and in four or five days time falls off of it self And hence unless you put a linen rag three or four times double about the part which contracts great Cold pains in the Belly arise which are ascribed to other causes It is a sign this is the cause for they abate and cease by applying heating things CVII Children are often troubled with inflammation of the Belly from crude Milk which is neither well Purged by Vomit nor Stool It is indeed Crudity proceeding from abundance of Food which exceeds the strength of the Stomach which unless it be quickly prevented degenerates either into tedious fevers or into a loosness reaching and vomiting watching and restlesness There attends this Disease a gentle Fever or celerity of Pulse shortness of Breath a leaden or pale colour of the Face and swelling of the Eyes and Face In which case we must be more solicitous for discharging the abundance than for strengthning the Stomach or alteration I indeed endeavour to diminish the matter by Clysters Suppositories and parsimony of Milk or of other Food If the Disease go not off presently we must not stand dodging but give a gentle purging potion After which I order such things to be applied to the Belly as have a virtue to attenuate incide and make lax what is in the Belly that it may the more easily go off Mercatus CVIII In children yea and in grown people there is often a hardness and inflation of the Belly the cause whereof is the hardness of the Mesaraick Glands and so there is onely passage for the thinner Chyle to the great lacteal Vein upon which the flesh of the Muscles grows limber the Body is rendred heavy and tiresome yea and at length a Fever and Consumption arises I use to remove the Disease by this Liniment without any trouble Take of Vnguent Altb. compos 1 ounce Arthanit Martiat each 2 drachms Oil of white Lilies Chamaemil each 2 drachms Mix them It is good to chew these Trochiscs all the time of the Disease Take of Steel prepared Crabs-eyes prepared each 1 scruple Tartarum vitriolatum half a drachm Lapis Prunellae 16 grains Spec. Aromat Rosat 1 scruple white Sugar 2 ounces Mix them Make Trochiscs Purging in this case must be celebrated onely with Cassia Cream of Tartar and laxative Syrups for the Glands will not bear stronger Purgatives Barbette Vermes or Worms CIX According to Galen's judgment 4. Meth. the principal scope in curing of Worms is to get them out of the Body But because they cannot easily be got out while they are alive therefore it is necessary first to kill them or so to stony them that they cannot resist the Medicines And the things that kill or stony them are all bitter sharp inciding astringent things and sharp and oily ones Mercurialis CX Because these Animals must be cheated and are delighted with sweet things the onely way is always to mix delectable things with such as kill them and therefore they doe very ill who give bitter or sowre things alone for the Worms will not suck plain Poison But if the Poison be mixt with sweet things ludificantur lumbrici as Lucretius says of children and therefore they draw the Poison with Honey and sweet things Wherefore Medicines that are given for the Worms must always be mixt with Sugar Milk Honey or Honey and Water For my children at home I order an Oxymel to be made of the Decoction of Honey the sharpest Vinegar and Wormwood For such an Oxymel admirably preserves children from the Worms Idem CXI In those Medicines that are given by way of Clyster always sweet things must either be given alone or must prevail above the rest The reason is because these Animals being drawn by the sweetness come down to the lower parts On the contrary in Medicines that are taken by the mouth the sharp or bitter things must prevail over the sweet The reason is because if there were more sweet than bitter these Animals might
I shall not contend with them but do rather think that both causes should be joined and often are joined so that by the viscidity of any humour in the bloud both the rest of the parts of the bloud may be intimately tied one to another and so be made less fit for their separation and the pores of the Caruncles may be obstructed and so the transcolation secretion Idem and excretion of Urine may be abolished XX. I have often removed small stones got into the mouth of the Bladder by putting in a Wax Candle the way I mentioned before Section XVIII Idem and so I have cured the stoppage of Urine XXI When there is suspicion that a Stone sticks in either Ureter unless by turning the body the head downwards and then by shaking of the body the Stone be got back from the Orifice of the Ureter this disease must be held for desperate Idem XXII Oftentimes the cause of the stoppage of Urine is thought to be in the Kidneys themselves inasmuch as the Natural constitution of the Kidneys and of the Caruncles in them whatever it is and the disposition requisite for separation of the Urinous Serum from the rest of the bloud is spoiled so that the secretion ceases Here we must make haste to cure it while there is some hope This Disease may be cured chiefly by taking Diureticks especially volatile Salt of Amber and other Aromatick volatile Salts By means whereof so grievous and often so mortal a suppression of Urine wherein the sick are sick at the heart Idem is not onely cured but prevented Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Syrup of Crystal is admirable in this case which is made thus Take of prepared Crystal a sufficient quantity dissolve it in juice of Lemons Boil the Solution with Sugar into the form of a Syrup Bikkerus 2. This emulsion is excellent Take of Seeds of Purple Violet half an ounce with a sufficient quantity of Speedwell-water make an Emulsion Crato 3. Fried Pellitory of the Wall applied Jac. Sylvius is an effectual Remedy 4. Root of Knotgrass drank with Water is very good as also the Seeds and Leaves of Trâ—foil boiled in Water and drank I have often experienced the Powder of the Jaw-bone of a Soused Pike Varignana 5. Let two or three heads of Garlick be boiled in White-wine add a little Treacle and Mithridate Give an ounce and an half in drink It presently provokes Urine Villanovanus A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK X. Of Diseases beginning with the Letter L. Lepra Arabum or The Leprosie of the Arabians The Contents When Bleeding is proper I. What such the Purges should be II. Whether Hidroticks and Diaphoreticks be proper III. Whether Vipers flesh be good IV. Whether Mineral Waters be proper V. Cured by Gelding VI. Contracted by long taking of Guaiacum cured with cooling things VII Asses Flesh cures it VIII Cured by eating Cucumbers IX We must sometimes desist from Medicines X. Cured by Salivation XI I. THE Leprosie must be cured a far different way from what it was of old For when it is distinguished from what antecedent matter it proceeds and how long it has lasted whether it be beginning or inveterate Remedies must be insisted on according to the diversity of the humour which caused it One beginning in which the signs as yet appear but obscurely in whom no Exulceration nor any Swelling appears and about the Face especially will be cured by Bleeding first then by taking an Electuary made of cooling and lenient things it will be cured also by frequent use of Baths hot and cold But that which has manifest signs as where Exulceration of the Nostrils and fleshy Tubercles appear when the Bloud comes out at the Nose must be no more cured as one beginning For in this Bloud must not be let in the greater Veins lest the Bloud that is as yet laudable contained in them which we ought to preserve with the greatest care should be let out because it is a curb to all the Humours by its temper tempering all the rest and reducing them to moderation Wherefore since there is but a little bloud in a Leprosie it ought to be saved by all means possible Rondeletius II. Such Medicines must be used for Purging as particularly purge the peccant humour Such therefore are not sufficient as purge any humour indifferently as Antimony chymically prepared which by vellicating or rather ulcerating the Stomach evacuates what humours it finds If this be given it must be at first before other Medicines to diminish the abundance of Excrements The Dose may be three four or five grains according to the Patient's strength with half an ounce of Sugar of Roses and this must be taken when the Stomach is full of meat and the Body according to Hippocrates his rule in taking Hellebore well stirred before Afterwards a Syrup may be taken which may correct the errour of the Antimony and may purge the humour particularly made of Borage Cichory Endive Scariola Lettuce Violets Lentils Polypody Carthamum Senna Dodder of Time which must be used for several days that the antecedent matter may be carried off by continual and frequent purging and may be averted from the flesh and habit of the body by the inner parts Idem III. Our Practitioners are much to be blamed who having first given gentle Purges do by sudorifick Medicines and by opening and inciding Syrups send the matter to the Skin whenas the Disease is in that part for this is to carry the excrements to the part affected and to increase the Disease it is better therefore to derive the matter by the Inwards This is a Disease of the outer parts of the Skin especially In such cases let the excrements of the body be retracted and be purged by the belly let them be expelled from the external parts to the internal by bathing in cold water for since it is a Disease in the Skin and the Flesh the excrements must be kept away Idem IV. Palmarius upon Fernelius his authority and his own experience disapproves of Vipers because he gave them to leprous persons without any benefi◠¶ Poterius says hâ— has used Vipers in Leprosies without any benefit though taken a long time He says indeed an old Itch has been cured by taking them for a long time V. Many send their Patients presently to the natural mineral Waters but because they dry much much harm often arises from them especially in the beginning of the Disease while heat and driness are prevalent and a Bath of cold water is more proper Sennertus VI. It is proper to hinder exsiccation because the essence of it consists in driness The bloud is serous and salt and therefore cannot be assimilated to the parts nor nourish for the end of nutrition is assimilition Therefore Women Children and Eunuchs are seldom troubled with this Disease for they are moister
and so better resist driness Aetius says many have rid themselves of this Disease by being gelded By this means I cured a young Man this year who was begun and gon a little in this Disease Rondeletius VII A red-haired young Man and cholerick came to me with his skin torn into deep clefts all over his body All my life time I never saw a Man more leprous He had taken seven courses of a decoction of Guaiacum forty days at one course upon which he fell into a perfect Leprosie He having a very hot Liver naturally which was turned almost to ashes with so many hot Potions I prescribe him the use of Mountain Crystal prepared to take half a drachm every morning with Juice of leaves of Water-lily Currants and Barberies industriously avoiding Sugar and sugared things drinking after it some Whey with a little Sal prunellae Then I laid him on a straw bed deep under a Mill to receive upon his body the dropping of the very cold water not heated either by motion or the heat of the Sun And when he had done this for an hour and an half before Supper several days H. ab Heer Obs 22. he grew sound and very well VIII Mr. Schipanus a Physician of Naples told me that Prince Caraffa used to eat the flesh of the Foal of an Ass for the Cure of the Leprosie Some think Asses flesh causes it as Ballonius l. 2. Ephem p. 187. This indeed is hard of concoction but the Flesh of the Foals is better and more tender which therefore Hippocrates 2. de v. rat says does quickly pass And it may be for that reason it cures the Leprosie or by its tenacious aliment it amends the fault contracted T. Bartholinus hist 33. cent 6. for according to Pliny l. 18. c. 17. Asses flesh is good for consumptive persons IX One that was troubled with this took several Medicines to no purpose he took white Hellebore At length he recovered by taking Cucumbers Heurnius He ate them pickled all the year round X. The Leprosie above all other chronical Diseases requires variety and vicissitude of Medicine And in this Disease if in any a truce and intermission from all Medicines must often be allowed the Patient Then the same things must be repeated and new ones added For scarce ever any Man recovered who relied on one onely Remedy though never so generous Palmarius XI In the year 1675. in the month of September an Italian by Nation was suspected of a Leprosie Abundance of Scurf fell all over him he was hoarse had a stinking Breath and was very lean He had taken a vast deal of Medicines at length Salivation was prescribed him but a Diet first of China and Sarsa And in a short time he perfectly recovered though the Disease had got a head Lepra Groecorum or The Leprosie of the Greeks See Habitus Affectus BOOK VIII The Contents Onely the great Remedies are proper I. The Bloud must be sweetned II. Waters coming from Iron effectual III. To whom a decoction of Woods may be given IV. Chalybeate Medicines alone not efficacious enough V. Whether Salivation doe any good VI. If it come upon a Dropsie what must be done VII The excellency of eating of Cucumber VIII Purging Waters are good IX Vitriolate Waters are good X. What sort of Medicines made of Vipers are good XI The Cure of an Itch that accompanies the Venereal Disease XII Topical Medicines alone doe no good XIII Whether sulphureous Baths be proper XIV Liniments must be applied by degrees XV. Those made of Mercury suspected XVI I. THE material cause of the Scab or of the Leprosie of the Greeks is not merely a cutaneous humour because of Infection taken from without or because it is depraved and degenerated from its crasis upon other occasions but the Pustules at first arising about the beginning of the Disease seem to arise from hence that some acido-saline Concretions like Tartar in Wine do happen in the mass of bloud which when they cannot be conquered nor dissolved are driven here to the Skin as in the other case to the sides of the Cask In respect of the conjunct Cause there are two special Indications of Cure namely that the Impurities of the bowels and humours may be quickly purged and that the acido-saline Dyscrasies of the bloud may be regulated for which ends Medicines both evacuating of divers kinds and altering use to be prescribed Yet because not all but onely the great Remedies in a manner are used we shall therefore subjoin in this place those that are most usefull and are found to be most beneficial First therefore when universal Purgation and Phlebotomy have been used the following Infusion or cathartick Tincture may be given six or eight ounces whereof may be given and repeated once in six or seven days Take of root of sharp pointed Dock dried Polypody of the Oak each half an ounce Senna ten drachms Dodder of Time six drachms Rheubarb Mechoachan each half an ounce yellow Sanders 2 drachms Celtick Spike half a drachm Salt of Tartar 1 drachm and an half Put them into a Glass with 4 pounds of White-wine keep them for use pouring off as much of the clear liquour as you shall have occasion for You must add two pounds of Elder-flower water Willis II. For sweetning of the Bloud and washing its Salts Whey either simple or with fumitory Cichory or sharp-pointed Dock infused in it may be drunk two or three pounds of it every morning for twenty or thirty days if it agree with the Stomach And besides a Dose of the following Electuary may be taken morning and evening Take of Conserve of root of sharp-pointed Dock 6 ounces Crabs-eyes prepared Coral each 2 drachms Ivory 1 drachm Powder of Lignum Aloes yellow Sanders each one drachm and an half Sal prunellae two drachms Vitriol of Mars one drachm and an half Syrup of Juice of Wood-sorrel what is sufficient Make an Electuary The Dose two ounces Idem III. For the very same reason that Whey Iron-waters also are prescribed in this Disease and they often doe good for when all other Medicines have been given to no purpose I have often cured a grievous Scab which has almost been leprous onely with these Waters Moreover for the more efficacy Sal prunellae or Vitriolum Martis or a little of the foresaid Electuary may be given conveniently Willis IV. In some that have too much Serum and are of a watry constitution when drinking of Whey or the Waters are not so proper it may sometimes be convenient to give a Decoction of the Woods at medical hours and moreover to take them constantly for their ordinary drink Take of Wood of Willow half a pound root of Sarsa parilla 8 ounces white Sanders Wood of Mastich-tree each 2 ounces snavings of Ivory of Hart's-horn each five drachms Tin crude Antimony each four ounces tied in a Cloth Liquorice one ounce Infuse them and boil
but of other sorts of oviperous Snakes boiled and eaten for food often doe abundance of good XII The Itch or scurfie eruptions of Wheals in bunches is so frequent and familiar a Symptome of the Pox that the first thing I ask such as are ill of this Disease is Whether they be not conscious of some latent malignity And if I find it so I let alone all Specificks for this Disease and Antiscorbuticks and immediately proceed to a Decoction of the Woods which if it doe no good I proceed to Mercurial Medicines And indeed by this method I have with ease and speed cured several who were reckoned impetiginous and leprous after they had been long treated to no purpose with remedies appropriate to these Diseases Willis and miserably tormented XIII The second curatory Indication respecting the Disease it self and the primary Symptome to wit the scurfie Eruptions and Wheals prescribes topical Remedies to be applied to the external Skin for the Cure of these Ails For which end Baths and Liniments especially are good which yet unless the procatarctick Cause i. e. the tartareous disposition of the Bloud be first purged out doe seldom if ever any good of themselves Among all which Baths or Liniments made of Tar are by far the best so that indeed they onely should be used but that they smell so strong Therefore it is usual for Baths to use water kept in Tar-barrels for a while Idem and impregnated with the Infusion XIV Sulphureous Baths both natural and artificial are not proper for that the former often doe harm frequent experience testifies yea all Bathing whatever must be used with much caution for inasmuch as this administration stirs and heats the bloud it is in danger as I said before to dissolve its Crasis farther and to force the corruption more to the Skin Idem XV. Liniments whose use is safe and proper are of three kinds or degrees gentle moderate and strong 1. In a slight Itch where the Eruptions and Wheals are few and small fasting Spittle is commended also the liquour that sweats out of green Wood when it burns also bare rubbing with Dock roots bruised and steeped in Vinegar Take of Oil of Tartar per deliquium Oil of Nuts or of bitter Almonds each equal parts Make a Liniment Use it twice a day The second sort of Liniments use to have Tar in them Take of Ointment of Roses six ounces Tar two ounces Melt them together and mix them Take a piece of fat Mutton lard it with pieces of the root of sharp-pointed Dock rost it on a Spit Baste it with Tar continually dropping upon it The dripping of both must be saved for an excellent Ointment for the Itch. The most effectual Liniments against this Disease are Mercurial ones which are made of Quicksilver or Precipitate A Receipt for the first is this Take of Quicksilver killed with an Acid one ounce and an half new Hogs-lard six ounces Incorporate them well in a stone Mortar or a glass one For the other Take of white Precipitate three drachms Ointment of Roses three ounces Mix them Idem Anoint the parts most affected XVI The use of these in this Disease ought to be much suspected for if Salivation should be raised a vast quantity of matter impacted in the pores of the Skin would be moved which if it should fall too much at once on the salival ducts and should gather about the Throat it would endanger choaking Idem Lethargus or A Lethargy The Contents Whether Bloud-letting be convenient I. Opening of the Jugulars proper II. We need not be timorous in Purging III. We must purge diversly IV. Whether a Vomit be better than a Purge V. When sneezing Medicines are good VI. The benefit of drawing Blisters on the Head VII Fumes are hurtfull VIII The Cause is not always conceived in the Brain IX Whether the concomitant Fever must be extinguished or no X. When an Issue is good XI Medicines I. GAlen 13. Meth. 21. approves of Bleeding and most men follow him for so a proper revulsion of the Humour is made that it flow not to the Brain which being affected with heat and pain is easily susceptive of the fluxion and draws whereby the Inflammation of a Noble Part is prevented II. I think the jugular Vein should rather be opened than one in the Arm because by this means the bloud being much gathered in the Sinus of the Head and it may be stagnating will more easily be reduced to an equable Circulation III. Though a continual Fever accompany this Disease yet the Physician need not be over tardy or timorous when matter tending to the Head is very urgent For it is more advisable to evacuate it when it is in motion than when it is fixt in the Head and settled there And the danger permits a man to try something And if it happen that the Lethargy come upon a Crisis the Humours which produced the Disease running to the Head and if the precedent Fever abate then we need not much regard the whole or the Fever but we must have respect to the Head and prepare the matter settled there Sennertus IV. Before you pitch upon purging Medicines consider whether the ascent of the Humours to the Head come rather from Bile carrying the Phlegm than from the abundance of Phlegm it self for if the first although the Disease seem phlegmatick you must purge with Colagogues for exclusion of the Bile which carries Phlegm to the Brain Oribasius saies that nothing is so good for purging of Phlegm which Bile mixt with it has carried to the Head as Scammony given with Castor If you find Phlegm predominant as in most spurious Fevers and when a Lethargy begins you must doe the business with Phlegmagogues Mercatus V. Here we must consider whether we must purge or vomit in the beginning I know this is variously controverted among Authours and I have known it practised with various success which things considered and compared oâ—â— with another I will briefly give you my opinion If the Lethargy come from Suâ—seiting or Drunkenness or from taking incongruoâ—â— things and Narcoticks a Vomit must be given presently Wherefore let Salt of Vitriol be given with Wine and Oxymel of Squills or in strong persons an Infusion of Crocus metallorum or Mercurius vitae with black Cherry water and afterwards if it work not of it self Vomit must be provoked by putting a Feather down his Throat But if the Lethargy come upon a Fever or other cephalick Diseases or if it be caused primarily or by it self by some predisposition laid in the Bloud and Brain before Vomits and Purges given at the beginning while the matter is in flux often use to doe more harm than good Inasmuch as when the Humours are in motion they disturb them and when they cannot be brought under and carried off they drive them more into the part affected Willis VI. If the Disease continue and the
community of Vessels it cannot be said that there is a rectitude or continuity of fibres Yet I cannot but admire how so many excellent Physicians from Hippocrates to this very age could think they understood in what manner revulsion was made from the Spleen by bleeding in the left Arm since the rectitude that is required cannot at all be found here the Liver hindring that in which the capillary branches of the vena porta and the vena cava are wonderfully implicated and are connected by their small ends or do mediately communicate Whoever considers this accurately will easily discern according to Galen's hypothesis who will have the bloud carried from the Liver by the Veins into all the parts of the body that revulsion is not better made by bleeding in the left Arm than in the right For according to this hypothesis revulsion cannot be made of the bloud from the Spleen unless as it is drawn from the Liver But bloud is easilier drawn from the Liver by Venaesection in the right Arm than in the left for Galen and his followers prescribe it From these things it manifestly follows that these great Men either ineptly rejected the Circulation of the bloud or ineptly prescribed bleeding in the left Arm for making revulsion from the Spleen If a Circulation of the bloud be admitted it is easie to demonstrate that bleeding in the left Arm is the most commodious for evacuating of the Spleen when it is distended with two much bloud or for revulsion from it when the bloud runs over-much to it For when this is opened it is the same thing as if the Artery were cut whence the opened vein receives its bloud for the bloud is the same and comes from the same fountain And who knows not that the fibres of the Arteries are continued from the Splenick Artery by the Aorta to the Artery of the left Arm. The rectitude therefore or continuity of fibres is observed in the said Venaesection admitting the Hypothesis that the bloud is distributed by the Arteries to all the parts of the body And therefore bleeding in the left Arm is proper Bayle Probl. Med. 8. either to evacuate the Spleen or to make revulsion of the Bloud when it runs too abundantly to the Spleen II. Leeches applied to the end of the Intestinum rectum are reckoned to empty the Spleen of its feculent bloud the cause of obstructions with great success and it is believed there is no way more commodious for it But Spleniticks have no reason to weigh Anchor upon a credulous Gale of this perplexed hope Nothing can be communicated from the Spleen to the Seat by any Veins Experience refutes it Rolfinccius III. He does not much amiss who sometimes opens the black Veins upon the Spleen because it has been known that a long and contumacious Disease has been often cured thereby But if ought disswade you from bleeding in these Veins you may set Leeches or Cupping-glasses with scarification to them Hollerius IV. Some of the most learned Physicians make an Issue or a Seton in the Region of the Spleen and Vesicatories also for the Diseases thereof especially Aetius and Aretaeus yet I should not easily perswade the use of them for fear of an Inflammation of the part which is oftentimes pained and may endanger the Patient Silvaticus ¶ But he speaks there of an obstruction of the Spleen And if there be a Scirrhus and that a contumacious one Capivaccius l. 3. c. 26. says it is a most effectual remedy ¶ Saxonia Pract. Praelect l. 2. c. 28. convinced by his own experience maintains that it is very good to burn in four or five places over the Spleen ¶ And Hippopocrates l. de in t aff t. 35. is not against this remedy who burns ten places and those very large upon a swelled Spleen with Fungi dipt in hot Oil. ¶ Fortis cons 43. cent 3. with Aetius and Paulus commends Sinapisms as reviving the heat of the Part. But he adds I know not for what reason Aretaeus perswades himself that he can mollifie the hardness by fire I should with Hippocrates and Aetius admit of burning but all will be vain if there be a Cachexy and if black choler abound for in such the Ulcers might easily turn cancrous V. Hippocrates lib. de affect n. 21. approves of Vomiting in diseases of the Spleen and there he has respect to the antecedent cause contained in the Stomach for the Splenitick abound with much crudities which the Spleen draws upon which it swells When therefore the Stomach is emptied by Vomiting Matter is subtracted from the Spleen a future occasion of obstructions The Spleen it self will be eased by Vomiting because the Gastrick Arteries discharge their filth into the Coeliack And though the black humour be not very sequacious because of its gravity yet it may be drawn from the Mesaraicks and parts where it sticks pertinaciously by the agitation and violence of the Vomiting and may afterwards be voided downwards VI. Hippocrates l. 4. acut v. 396. excludes the Splenitick from Purging By the Splenitick in that place are meant they that have a hard Spleen and the Ancients and Galen himself 6 Aph. 43. took it in the same sense Hippocrates prohibits them purging because the matter which has been long setled in the part will not give way to a Purge and what is contained in the rest of the Body being disturbed by the Medicine runs to the part affected and increases the Swelling And certainly to confess ingenuously when I have been forced by the common custome to give Purges even violent ones in inveterate swellings of the Spleen I know not one that was helped thereby So that is no wonder if those ancient Physicians whose cures Galen Aetius Celsus and others have celebrated used in this case onely Diureticks and such things as extenuate and mollifie the Spleen and make no mention of purging as you may see in Galen 9. de comp med Aetius P. Martianus comm in loc Celsus and others VII Why a Clyster rather purges the Spleen than the Liver this seems the reason Because it passes not beyond the Colon but operates onely on it and its vessels as the Mesentery and Haemorrhoidal Branch which tends to the Spleen and by which the humours are evacuated out of the Spleen Walaeus VIII We must know that the Spleen will bear strong Medicines as Hippocrates Fortis lib. 2. Morbis first of all observed IX Whether in Diseases of the Spleen must we evacuate by Urine Many make a question of it upon Galen's authority 13. m. m. cap. 17. where he says the Spleen must be purged by Stool and not by Urine It is clear from an Anatomical reason for there comes a remarkable branch of the vena porta to the Spleen by which the matter must be transmitted to the Liver and thence to the Cava and out of that to the Emulgents And if some be cured by plentifull Urine
reaches to the marrow or middle with the removing of the outer Lamina of the Skull without hurting the Dura mater lest the Brain be too much cooled and this shall be done by making a Cautery near the coronal Suture with a red hot and sharp Iron penetrating even to the marrow or to betwixt the Laminae rather than by true Terebration I say near the Suture to avoid hurting the Membrane which passes out by the Sutures If this be done and be kept open with a pellet it may benefit very much Sylvaticus cent 1. cons 58. See Examples in Rolfinc meth spec p. 413. Rhodius cent 1. obs 43. The Weakness of the Memory and Mind The Contents The Memory is not always to be restored by heating Medicines I. The Abuse of Confectio Anacardina Aqua magnanimitatis II. Where Issues are to be made III. Their Efficacy IV. Treacle and Mithridate ought to be rejected in Weakness of Mind V. I. I Can hardly consent to Galen's opinion that Forgetfulness depends on a cold Intemperature because I know several that have very cold Brains without impairing of their Memory which yet ought to follow if Galen's Arguments from the similitude of efficient Causes and from the similitude of cold Animals were of any strength I have seen the contrary in some forgetfull persons whose Cure I have undertaken in whom there was no manifest sign of Cold In some I discovered a notable Heat of the Brain whom I helped by the application of cooling Remedies about the coronal Suture I deny not but there is in many a notable dry Intemperature but I doubt whether the Memory be either diminished or abolished by this Intemperature alone Some cases observed by me increase the doubting I have known some lose their Memory quite by a great blow on the Head Galen from Thucydides relates that some who recovered of a Pestilence forgat all things that were by-past And what cold Intemperature is to be accused here I have seen a Woman that forgot all things who by a spontaneous loosness by which she evacuated cholerick Petr. Salv. Div. Annot. in Altimar c. 1. bloudy green mucous and the like stuff recover'd her lost Memory without the application of any particular Medicine to the Brain it self II. The pernicious custome both of Physicians and others is to be condemned who being indued with a weak Memory from their first constitution endeavour by violent Medicines to recover that which they have not lost For you may find young Students not a few who being desirous of a good Memory beg both by Intreaty and Money that Confectio anacardina may be given them Whence not a few either unsettle their Judgment or better not their Memory at all or are tormented with great Pains in their Head For who knows not that if we would change the natural temper of the Brain or any part into a better we must act leisurely and by degrees not with vehement and the most effectual Remedies as those are which are made of Anacardum which finding in the Heads and Bodies of young men nothing that is preternaturally thick cold and moist do waste and weaken the natural temper and substance whence proceed a thousand kinds of harms and the Memory perhaps becomes worse Such things help those indeed whose Memories are hurt Mercatus Pract. l. 1. c. 19. if they were good before by their natural constitution ¶ It is called Confectio Sapientum Yet it is to be given warily especially in those that are well for strengthning their Memory whence some give half a drachm or less of it in hot water that it s too much drying may be remitted But those who have their principal members hot are by no means to use it For even Experience has taught this that some have indeed acquired to themselves an admirable Memory by this confection but have not been very lively and have died in the very flower of their age Sennertus pract l. 1. part 2. c. 5. by having their body too much dried ¶ In both confirming and restoring the Memory Aqua magnanimitatis is of wonderfull virtue which see in Schroder's Pharmac lib. 2. cap. 38. and Hofman in clavi p. 50. 'T will be more powerfull if the Species anacardinae be extracted with it from three to six grains of whose essence being given once or twice a week in Wine or Lavender-water is a singular Remedy But note that this Water dries very much and therefore its use in the cholerick and more dry ought to be rare and with caution so that 't is rather good for the phlegmatick and melancholick ¶ See concerning its efficacy and another preparation of it in Miscell curios ann 3. viz. 1672. p. 605. from Wedelius Hartman prax c. 14. sect 2. where there is most excellent Counsel for an impaired Memory III. Issues help in these cases because when humours abound in the Brain it helps if they be evacuated by little and little and turned aside from the Brain But note that as I commend an Issue in the Armes so I condemn it in the Occiput because that place is the Seat of the Memory Mercurialis l. 1. c. 18. and 't is pernicious to evacuate the whole body by the part affected IV. I am wont to make Issues in the Head with very good success when the Memory is lost and Ratiocination impaired especially in case of a cold and moist Intemperature but the body must be first well purged Epiph. Ferdinandus hist 47. They must be made near or upon the Sutures three or four or more as shall seem necessary V. Some commend Treacle and Mithridate which I had rather omit because of the Opium which makes all the Senses stupid or more languishing though it have been a long time made I say 't is better to let them alone seeing there want not other things and no pain or necessity requires them here nor is there any malignity of humour Platerus Mensium fluor nimius or The too large Flux of the Terms The Contents Bleeding is very good I. We must often purge II. When Vomits have place III. Diureticks are unfit to make derivation IV. Astringents and Incrassaters being used long doe harm V. Opiates are profitable VI. Whether Astringents are to be applied VII The Cure of this Flux joined with an hysterical Suffocation VIII Sylvius's Causes and Cure IX I. PHlebotomy for Revulsion is to be celebrated in the Arme ever and anon stopping the orifice a little while with your finger A good quantity of bloud is to be let Riverius l. 15. c. 3. as much as the strength can bear ¶ I have known many who have been cured by being let bloud largely Holler aph 50. 5. when the flux could be stenched by no other Remedies II. Some Lenitive Medicine is not inconvenient which may bring Serosities plentifully out by stool for besides that it may make a Diversion it will cleanse the first ways and prepare them
the various natures of Mens bodies But the Moderns have found far safer Medicines as well chymical as exotick yea and things common among us that doe their work without Pain which the strong Medicines of the Ancients were apt to cause and such as whether the Nerve be bare or covered may safely be applied whereas to a bare Nerve all the old things could not be applied with safety As Balsam of Peru distilled Oil of Turpentine Tar Wax Oil or Balsam of St. John's-wort in which there are all the qualities that Galen requires with a Balsamick virtue which the old want and the old have also a corroding quality and the new do not onely waste Excrements but very much strengthen the innate Heat of the wounded part Sennertus III. Sometimes Oil of Turpentine will doe no good when it is applied too late and then we may hope in vain for a Cure as it fared about 18 years ago with Theodor. Vander Noen a Physician and Chirurgeon of Amsterdam Who having about noon let a pair of Scissers fall out of his Hands as he was catching them up in haste he hit the last joint of his right Thumb against the point of them and because he felt but little pain he neglected it for several hours but about ten at night he felt some small Convulsions in the part that was hurt and all over his body He was of a cholerick Complexion which made him when he had taken Physick to vomit it up again nevertheless his Convulsions and Pains continued therefore he called me in the morning and signified to me that he must die Because he never saw one cured into whose Wounds that piercing Oil had not been poured at first which he had neglected Sylvius de le Boë because the Pain was not great And it happened as he foretold A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK XIII Of Diseases beginning with the Letter O. Obesitas or Corpulency The Contents Taken down by drinking Vinegar I. What kind of Purging is good II. Wasted by a Medical Powder III. Their Diet. IV. One made lean onely by chewing leaves of Tobacco V. I. CHiapinius Vitellius Camp-Master-General a middle-aged Man grew so fat that he was forced to sustain his Belly by a Swathe which came about his Neck And observing that he was every day more unfit for the Wars than other he voluntarily abstained from Wine and continued to drink Vinegar as long as he lived upon which his Belly fell Strada de Bello Belgico and his Skin hung loose with which he could wrap himself as with a Doublet It was observed that he lost 87 pounds in weight II. Lest any great mischief should follow we must try to subtract by Medicine what a spare diet will not because it has been observed that a loosness either natural or procured by Art does not a little good But this must be done by degrees and slowly since it is not safe to disturb so much matter violently lest it should come all at once Therefore the best way of Purging is by Pills of Rheubarb Aloes each 2 drachms Agarick 1 drachm Cinnamon yellow Sanders each half a drachm Make them up with Syrup of Cichory They must be taken in this manner First 1 Scruple must be given an hour and an half before Meal then two or three days afterwards take half a drachm or two scruples before Meal Thus Purging must be often repeated at short Intervals till you think all the cacochymie is removed Fernelius Cons 17. III. A certain Goldsmith who was extreme fat so that he was ready to be choaked took the following Powder in his Meat and so he was cured Take of Tartar two ounces Cinnamon three ounces Ginger one ounce Sugar four ounces Make a Powder Forestus IV. Horstius found the things following to take down fat Men especially Onions Garlick Cresses Leeks Seed of Rue and especially Vinegar of Squills Let them purge well Let them Sweat and purge by Urine Let them use violent exercise before they eat Let them indure hunger want of Sleep and Thirst Let them Sweat in a Stove and continue in the Sun Idem ¶ Let them abstain from Drink between Dinner and Supper for to drink between Meals makes Men fat Ferdiâ—aâ—dâ—s V. I knew a Nobleman so fat that he could scarce sit on Horse-back but he was asleep and he could scarce stir a foot But now he is able to walk and his body is come to it self onely by chewing of Tobacco Leaves as he affirmed to me For it is good for Phlegmatick and cold Bodies Borellus VI. Let Lingua Avis or Ash-Keyes be taken constantly about one drachm in Wine According to Pliny it cures Hydropical persons and makes fat people lean Ferdinandus Obstructiones or Obstructions See Aperients BOOK XIX Oculorum Affectus or Diseases of the Eyes The Contents Bloudletting not hurtfull I. Great and frequent Evacuations are hurtfull II. Wine is the Vehicle of drying Medicines to the Head III. Eye-bright is not good for every Disease of the Eyes IV. Vpon what the Efficacy of a Seton depends V. Oculorum Dolor Inflammatio Ophthalmia or Pain of the Eyes Inflammation Bloudshottenness When the Eyes are ill of a fluxion where a Caustick must be applied VI. In a pertinacious Ophthalmia we must proceed to a Seton in the Occiput VII Where Issues must be made VIII A contumacious Ophthalmia cured by applying an actual Cautery to the swollen Veins of the Eyes IX Boring the Tip of the Ear is good X. Whether Purging be always proper XI Topical Medicines must be used circumspectly XII Gutta Serena Visus Imminutio or a Blindness without any visible cause Diminution of Sight When a Gutta Serena is curable XIII Cured by applying Blisters to the Thighs XIV By fasting XV. By a Wound in the Forehead XVI How using Spectacles helps the sight XVII Suffusio Cataracta or a Suffusion a Cataract The Body must often be purged XVIII One beginning cured by a Topick XIX The efficacy of Pigeon's Bloud XX. Cautions about couching a Cataract XXI The way of using purging Pills XXII Macula Cicatrices Phlyctaena c. or Spots Scars Blisters c. Spots must be distinguished from Scars because there is no cure for Scars XXIII The Chirurgical Cure of an Albugo XXIV Oculi Procidentia or Starting out of the Eye The Starting of the Eye cured by setting a Cupping-glass to the hind part of the Head XXV The restitution of the Humours of the Eye lost by a Wound XXVI I. I Have found in my self that letting of bloud is not hurtfull to the sight for when I had found my sight troubled for seven years and I had not let bloud for six months I opened a vein and let ten ounces of impure bloud and as much after dinner after which I found my sight come to me perfectly But because the last bloud was feculent the next day I bled again in the other Arm. And ever
let alone there till the Ear and parts adjoyning swell then the Tent must be moved a little that the water which is gathered may run out When this is drawn out the Swelling of the Ear will fall T. Bartholinus and the Ophthalmia will be laid XI Hippocrates Aphorism 17. 6. commends Purging And Galen in comment And this is one Example of those things which are evacuated spontaneously and beneficially which the Physician must imitate Reason and Experience agree with it because Inflammations and Pains of the eyes are caused by very sharp and salt humours which must be carried off from the eyes by Purging and it has usually good success On the contrary one would think Purging should be rejected because Bloud not Cacochymie offends the redness and inflammation are witnesses Therefore Hippocrates 2. Epid. Sect. 2. tract 18. says Bloudletting cures a Quinsie and Bleer-eyedness Besides Purges disturb and put the Humours in Motion and drive them into the weak parts which are inflamed or in pain For a Solution we must know that an Ophthalmia or a pain in the eyes comes either from a Defluxion or a Gathering When Humours come from the Head or the Parts underneath and from the whole Body both the Head and the whole Body must be Purged Therefore Hippocrates lib. de Visu says Purging of the Head and the lower Belly is good for an annual and epidemical Bleereyedness For such an one indicates that there is matter continually sent from a Cacochymie either in the whole or in the Head whence arise the ends of Purging But when there is onely a Plethora Bloud must be let according to Hippocrates his advice in the same place For some such pains letting of bloud is good if the body abound with Bloud But where the Disease comes from a Gathering Purges doe plainly harm and not good for the eyes are weakned by them and through weakness their proper aliment degenerates into a bad juice And we may very well say that such Diseases of the eyes as are effects onely of an Intemperature and plenitude of the Head are irritated by Purges and the greater share of the fluent Humour runs to the eyes For the Brain sometimes uses the eyes as its proper Emunctories to purge it self which if they be disaffected do readily receive the Excrement But when the mischief arises from the Bowels below and from the impurity of the Belly it is safe to give a Purge Moreover you may not be much out if you say Hippocrates in his Aphorisms spoke of gentle Medicines and a spontaneous loosness But in other places of â—trong Elaterick Medicines which with their acrimony and heat hurt the eyes XII Indications for applying of Local Medicines are taken chiefly from the place affected For the laxity of the part the sensibility aptitude to suffer sympathy and vicinity especially of the pupil and humours of the eyes all these things will not permit us to apply any thing that is violently repercutient or resolvent For things that are too bitter and astringent though they be highly repercutient yet they irritate and exasperate these parts of the eye and cause greater pain And such things as are over-hot and sharp do resolve indeed powerfully but they increase the Inflammation and exterminate the part from the proper temperature of the eyes Mâ—ntanus Therefore things moderate in each faculty must be applied both in repelling and discussing ¶ Repellents must be such as by their excessive Coldness and Astriction may not condense the Coats of the eyes and shut the pores nor such as may exasperate the eyes by their driness nor such as may increase pain upon either score Therefore let Lenients be mixt with cold and astringent things as Milk Saffron Sarcocolla The same things must not be over-tough lest they grow hard and clammy and stick too close to the eyes And therefore though the White of an Egg beaten up with Roâ—e-water or the like be a most proper remedy to repell yet we must see that we mix nothing with it to make it hard and stick to the eyes Let Medicines also which are put in the eyes be carefully cleansed from their filth and very finely powdered and sifted that no asperity may be in them nor biting Therefore if their biting depend upon heat let them be often infused in water of Roses Endive Barly or Womans Milk If up â—n coldness let them be infused in a decoction of Raisins Sennertus Fenugreek or Melilot with sweet Wine Gutta Serena Visus Imminutio or a Blindness without any visible cause Diminution of Sight XIII If this Disease come of Humours gathered in the fore-part of the Brain which compress the Nerve it may the more easily be cured â—o Hildanus cent 5. obs 19. reports how a certain Man lost his â—ight by a Vomit who was cured by taking another For the Humours were driven to the Optick Nerves by the first and were removed by the second The easiness of the Cure shewed the matter was not fixt in the substance of the Nerve but onely lay on the outside of it XIV A malignant Vapour from the Womb cast a Woman with Child into such bitter Contractions of the Nerves that she was delivered and knew it not Besides she lost her Sight though there was no fault to be seen in the outer Coat of the eye which could never be cured without effectual remedies of all which Vesicatories applied to the inside of her Thighs did her most good by means whereof the bloud that tended upwards was drawn down so effectually Tulpius that she escaped Blindness XV. A young Woman fell into a Gutta Serena She resolved to fast her self to death and would take nothing but what her Husband forced her to take She persisted in this condition for a year and was made very lean her innate heat for want of food feeding upon her natural moisture and on that moisture also which caused the Gutta Serena So the Patient recovered her Sight and recovered by a restorative Diet. Formius XVI We reade how some Blind Men have recovered their sight and that suddenly by a wound transverse the Forehead some by a loosness coming suddenly The cause was nothing but a compression of the Optick Nerves by the Vessels near them that is by the Veins and Arteries being swelled with Bloud which were emptied by the Wound Wherefore sometimes and with very good success in the Blindness which they call Gutta Serena I open the middle vein in the Forehead Spigelius and let it bleed as long as it will XVII I am of Platerus his opinion who thinks that hurts of the Sight which are commonly ascribed to some fault in the Spirits may rather be ascribed to the ill Site of the Crystalline Humour or some faults in the other humours which often happen in young Men in whom there is no fault or want of Spirits to be seen and such faults may be amended by help of Spectacles
dissuaded him from medling with it Severinus Med. Eff. p. 113. though it put him to continual trouble VI. Ptilosis is a callous red thickness of the Eye-lids often accompanied with the falling off of the Hair a contumacious and tedious Ail the Cure whereof I once experienced by pricking of the little Veins in the outside of the Eye-lid which rise as it were into Varices and many others came to me whom I always cured the same way Among the rest a Religious Man who for six months could find no benefit by any Medicines was thus quickly cured that is Idem p. 79. by frequent pricking with a Needle VII I have often cured an Ectropium by Scarification And an Ectropium according to Celsus is a fault in the upper Eye-lid which turns up a little and comes not down far enough to shut or in the lower Eye-lid which is not drawn high enough but turns back and hangs down and cannot joyn with the upper And both are caused by some inward Disease and by a Scar and this not without defect in the Eye-lid which if it be too defective says Celsus no Cure can restore it So He indeed but I found that an Eye-lid inverted after the Cure of a Carbuncle so that all the lower Sinus of the Eye lay much open was amended by cutting the Circle of the Deglabrated Eye-lid And this happened to a Capuchine who by such cutting recovered the beauty of his Eye almost entirely Idem who had been despaired of by the Surgeons Palpitatio Cordis or the Palpitation of the Heart The Contents Whether Bleeding be good I. Where Blood must be lâ—t II. When Cupping-Glasses must be applied to the Back III. A Caution in applying Vesicatories IV. Whether Attenuants be proper for the cause V. When we must abstain from Diureticks and Hydroticks VI. Sweet sented things are not proper if it comes from the Womb. VII If it come from Wind we must avoid Syrupus de Pomis VIII Caused by a Worm IX A violent one in an Hypochondriack Woman quickly discussed X. If it come from abundance or heat of Blood how such things must be used XI The Efficacy of Issues XII We must continue long in the use of Medicines XIII Cured by drinking Whey and bathing in fresh Water XIV Willis his way of Cure XV. The trembling of the Heart differs in the Causes from the Palpitation XVI Medicines I. ALthough oftentimes Wind be found in this Malady yet because there may be Wind in a Spurious Palpitation which proceeds from the heat of Blood or inundation of the Pericardium it is not safe at the first coming of it to apply hot things Wherefore if the mischief arise from the heat of Blood first of all according to Galen's Opinion Blood must be let In them who labour of an Inundation of the Pericardium never unless very sparingly and seldom only that what oppresses the Spirits of the Heart may be moderately subtracted and that the Fever which perhaps for want of convenient Ventilation increases may not gain ground and I think this is what must chiefly be done in a Spurious one Mercatuâ— thinks Blood-letting hurtful because its Indicant namely abundance of Blood does not at that present offend For who will affirm that Flatuous Matter which is the immediate cause of this Affection can be taken away by Blood-letting Yet Galen 5. loc aff c. 2. intimates the contrary when he affirms that all who are ill of a Palpitation of the Heart are cured by bleeding and attenuating Food and Physick Which Tenet is not without reason for when abundance of Blood is in fault it indicates plentiful detraction lest the Spirits be suffocated But if there be no great Plenitude yet Bleeding is convenient Horstius Dec. 5. Prob. 3. because the Disease in respect of the part affected is great for a principal part is affected where we must take care by Revulsion that abundance of Humours do not run more to the Heart which is otherwise debilitated II. The Palpitation of the Heart as is very apparent to me is usually caused by a Melancholick Humour Hor. Augenius l. 10. de Sist c. 11. that is by consent with the Hypochondria in Splenetick Persons wherefore I always did my Patients a great deal of good by setting Leeches to the Haemorrhoid Veins III. When in time of the Fit the strength is not able to bear Bleeding we must use Leeches and Cupping-Glasses As for the place Rhases 7. cont applies Cupping-Glasses to the Back Avicenna disapproves them because they raise Palpitation by drawing the Blood to the Breast This contradiction is thus taken away Cupping-Glasses in Plenitude of the whole applied to the Back with much flame and deep Scarification especially if they be large use to raise this Tremulous affection of the Heart Therefore in this case they must be set to the lower parts But when the Body is evacuated by Medicines and Bleeding small Cupping-Glasses gentle Scarification with a little Flame applied to the Back do good for they draw the Vapour Wind and Blood from the Center to the Circumference Saxonia IV. For Revulsion of the Matter in a tedious and frequent one Issues and Blisters either in the Arms if the Matter fall from the Head or in the Legs if it be essential or transmitted from the lower parts to the Heart are good Concerning Vesicatories Mercurialis cautions us not to use Cantharides because they have a faculty malignant and adverse to the Heart but rather Crow's-Foot Flammula Jovis c. V. Where the Matter is sanguine almost all agree in this that Extenuating Syrups should be given Being swayed by Galen's Testimony 5. de loc aff 2. who treats a Palpitation with Blood-letting and Extenuating Medicines And they take their Matter for Extenuaters from Lib. de Palpit c. 5. where he reckons up all hot Medicines endued with an Attenuant virtue Penny-royal Calamint c. This Operation is to me suspected yea dangerous seeing Wind may be bred of a hot cause where Cacochymie or Plenitude is The place is in Galen 4. acut 9. For if hot Attenuants be given in abundance of Blood Wind and Vapours will be raised and they will increase the Palpitation Therefore Attenuants may be chosen but they must be cooling as Ptisane Oxymel Syrupus acetosus simplex acetositatis Citri c. And I believe Galen 5. de loc aff must be understood of Attenuating Meats and Diet not of Attenuating Medicines but of true Extenuaters And such are they which diminish Blood either of themselves or by accident Of themselves Venae-Section and all Evacuation of Blood All Purging by Vomit or Stool Sweat or Urine diminish Blood By accident a spare Diet Labour Friction Bathing The place is in Galen 2. aphor 28. where under the name of Attenuating Medicines all these things are understood And truly in abundance of Blood it is good to extenuate Saxonia that is to let Blood and diminish it VI. L.
Kid dry it stick a few Cloves in it put it in an Earthen Vessel set it in an Oven in which the Heart dissolves into juice Crembs Give it the Sick to drink 5. The following Water is a great Secret Take of Hearts of Hogs of Harts each N. 2. Cut them in pieces Add of Cloves Galangale Seed of Basil each 2 drachms Flowers of Bugloss Rosemary Borage each 2 Handfuls Let the Spices and Seeds be cut and bruised after a gross manner Put to them as much Malmsey Wine as is sufficient Digest them for 24 hours Distil them The Dose Herlicius half an ounce with Sugar 6. A piece of fine White Bread sopt in Wine of Crete Joel and eaten is admirable for strengthning the Heart and stopping its Palpitation 7. In a Palpitation from a cold Cause true Rhapontick is of incredible Efficacy if 2 drachms of it be taken in Wine or if Wine wherein the same Rhapontick Mercatus All-heal Aristolochia rotunda or Faenugreek has been inâ—used be drunk Paralysis or the Palsy The Contents Sometimes Blood must be let I. Vomits are sometimes good II. If it come from Phlegm whether we must purge in the beginning III. At first we must go to work with gentle Medicines IV. Whether Oxymel may be admitted among Preparatives V. Whether Sudorificks may be given VI. Or Treacle or Mithridate VII Why sometimes Sudorificks do hurt VIII How Sweat must be raised when External Pains accompany a Palsy IX Diureticks to be preferred before Hidroticks X. Clysters must not consist of over emollient things XI The use of Bathes sometimes hurtful XII How they do good in that which follows a Colick XIII Insensible Evacuants must be violent XIV Cure by Salivation is not good for every one XV. One cured by Salivation XVI Whether we may raise a Fever XVII When it comes from External Humidity a must quickly be cured XVIII There is no harm in making Decoctions Infusions c. with Wine XIX Whether Confectio Anacardina be safe XX. Sinapisms and Blisters when proper XXI Vrtication good XXII Topical Medicines must be applied to the Original of the Nerves XXIII They must not exceed in heat XXIV A Palsy from an External Cause cured by an easie Remedy XXV Oyly Medicines are not proper for all XXVI The Cure must be varied according to the variety of Causes XXVII It may be caused by Bile and Blood XXVIII That which comes from a Melancholick Juice must be cured with Chalybeates XXIX Ceasing after voiding of Worms XXX That which follows the Colick requires not the Cure of the Origination of the Nerves XXXI How by Pications we may help the Atrophy of the Limbs which follows XXXII The continued use of Infusions is excellent XXXIII Medicines I. SOme mention Venaesection which yet unless there be a Plethora seems not proper because here is not the same danger of extinguishing the Vital Flame as in an Apoplexy But yet if the Blood appear not to circulate conveniently and that from above small Pulse and short Breath I think Venaesection altogether necessary for the same Reasons which we propounded in the Apoplexy See Tit. Apoplexy Book I. And I recommend these two Signs taken from the Pulse and Respiration to be carefully observed by all Men because they are the principal Signs of the Blood 's Restagnation about the Ventricles of the Heart Sylvius de le Boe. and of danger of Suffocation ¶ Although Medical Writers do usually respect Pituitous Matter yet since it is manifest that it sometimes arises from Plenitude of Blood this may be let boldly I speak this because some fear to do it reckoning that a Palsey always comes from Phlegm I know a Woman who when she had been let six ounces of Blood could not be cured but when some pounds had been let she was cured though some Physicians were afraid of so great a quantity And I know two Men who by bleeding in great quantities and at several times were cured Therefore in a Sanguineous Palsy Blood may be let boldly not once only but oftner not in one place but several But if in the Palsy there be not a Legitimate Sanguine but a Spurious Plenitude Blood must be taken away yet sparingly as Aetius Paulus Alexander and Celsus are of Opinion For the last l. 3. c. 27. writes That Bleeding and Purging are good for Paralyticks In this case it must be let sparingly only to about six ounces Yet this must be observed That is the Palsy seize all the Parts of the Body but the Head the Haemorrhoid Veins must be bled If one part be free Blood must be let in that Saxonia II. Vomits sometimes do abundance of good in curing the Palsy namely because they substract Matter from the Conjunct Cause and they do not always drive further the Matter impacted into the Nerves but make Revulsion of it shake it and often break it into pieces so that when the continuity of the Mass is broken the Animal Spirits themselves do easily dissipate the Particles of the Morbifick Matter Willis when they are parted asunder III. There is a Controversie between Rhases and Avicenna whether we may Purge in the beginning Avicenna before giving of Purgatives propounds Preparatives and gentle Medicines Rhases at the very first uses Pilulae Cochiae and consequently strong Purgers I thus compose that Controversie When the Palsy is new through some great fault in the Head as after an Epilepsie or Apoplexy I am of Rhases his Opinion presently to give a Purge The Reason is plain for there is danger of the return of the Epilepsie or Apoplexy which we must immediately prevent by giving a Purge But if the Palsy be old in a determinate part without hurt of the Brain Avicenna's Judgment must be followed first a Lenitive must be given Saxonia and then Preparatives IV. In the Palsy our Ancestors observed this that in the beginning it must be treated with gentle Medicines and not with very violent ones whether taken inwardly or applied outwardly Certainly I have sometimes observed That a Palsy of one side has followed that which was only in a part and sometimes an Apoplexy has followed this the abundance of Noxious Matter being agitated in the Head more than it should be when any one has endeavoured to carry it off by a sharp Medicine And there is a great Error oftentimes committed in that when the Head and Body are not well purged such Medicines are given as by their heat and motion easily get into the Head and there they put the Humour into Fusion and Fluxion which Nature by rest and a good Course of Diet Solenander would have at length overcome and concocted Experienced Physicians know this V. I do not disapprove of Oxymel with other Preparatives although Vinegar be an enemy to the Nerves as they are dry parts but when they are imbued with and full of Pituitous Juice Vinegar is not hurtful Saxonia and especially diluted with
before admiring the success in whose Judgment she had a Palsy and they went a quite contrary way to work to that which I went Th. de Mayerne by means whereof I cured her ¶ So in the year 1668. one of Newemberg by name Convers took my Advice when I lived at Geneva for a numbness in alâ— his Limbs The Physician which he had made use of contended with the Pituitous Humour being intent on strengthning and drying the Brain which was too dry already Because there were remarkable signs of an Hypochondriack Affection in him I bid him be of good chear and lay aside all vain fear of a Palsy So laying aside his prescribed Medicines a Decoction of Guajacum and such things whereby a great driness was brought upon him and instead thereof giving Chalybeate Waters and opening things in a short time he perfectly recovered XXX It is known that Convulsions arise from Malignant Vapours coming from Worms but I do not remember that I ever read of a Palsy arising from thence A Noble Maid was twice taken with a Palsy of her left Side being as it were turgid with Blood but easily dispersed a Vein was opened on the contrary Side Revellents and other things were used Salmuth but the latter time after she had taken some Pills she voided a great number of Worms and after that has lived well till this day XXXI Being taught by Experience we judge when the Colick Pain ends in a Palsy that the Matter gets out of the Guts into the Limbs and habit of the Muscles by means of the Veins Wherefore the Nerves and Tendons which are inserted into the Muscles both because of their fulness do not admit the Animal Spirit and especially because of their softness are distended and cannot contract the Limbs whereinto they are inserted This Palsy therefore differs from that which accompanies an Apoplexy or Paraplegia in its Original and Causes For in that which comes after the Colick all the mischief arises from the Intestines and by violence is carried to the out parts and seises the Muscles Tendons and the out parts oftentimes the Principle of the Nerves being unhurt which in the other is affected together with the Head and Spinal Marrow Hence it is obvious that they are much mistaken who endeavour to cure this sort of Palsy improperly so called in the same manner as they do the true Palsy properly so called Because in this later the cause of the Disease must be sought for about the beginning of the Nerves which yet in the other way keep its natural Constitution Therefore such a Palsy cannot be cured by curing the Brain or the Spinal Marrow but rather we must take care that the Antecedent Cause which is still in Fluxion may be stopt and that which is next the part and in the original of that imbecillity may be corrected and consumed Horstius as much as may be XXXII We must help Extenuation of the Limbs beginning with gentle things and fomenting the Arms and other parts with parts of Animals newly killed while they are hot If that do not succeed we must go to bathing in Sulphureous Bathes But if that do not succeed we must proceed to Pication but with great caution taking great care that an Inflammation do not follow for if the swelling or redness go off quickly it is well but if they continue long it is a sign of the fluxion of the Humour to the part especially if the Veins swell which as soon as it appears we must desist immediately For this Remedy requires great care and skill in the Physician yet according to Galen this is the only Remedy above all others Fonseca XXXIII I have found that the continuâ—d use of Nervous Infusioâ—s is excellent in the Palsy And they do the work because they act slowly and successively and by searching deep they slowly open and put in motion that which has been slow in gathering Wedelius Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. If it come from the Head this is an excellent Errhine Take the small Roots of Betes Brusse them till they become stringy then put these Strings into the Juice of the said Herb into which a little Pepper Masterwort Castor and Elaterium has been put take one or two of these Strings and put it up the Nostril like a Tent This brings away abundance of Excrements Claudinus 2. All things being premised that should St. Ambrose his Syrup is very good to cause Sweat with which I have cured several It is made thus Take of Millet excorticated what is sufficient boil it in Water till it swell and burst To 7 or 8 ounces of this Water add 3 or 4 ounces of Greek Wine Crato Let the Patient drink this Potion in Bed in the Morning and let him Sweat and let him repeat this ten or more days if need require ¶ Bathes wherein proper Herbs especially Foxes have been boiled are very good In a Palsy after the Colick for the intemperature of the Bowels except there be an Inflammation I have used with great success the distilled Oyl of Galbanum Barberries and Gum Elemi applied to the Navil Fried Oats applied in a Bag is good in the same 3. Universals premised Let the Paralitick Limbs be anointed with Oyl of Cats which is made thus Take a fat Cat fley her and take out the Entrals and cut off her Head steep her for a night in Aqua vitae In the morning stuff her with Leaves of Bayes Sage Rue Lavender Rosemary Lard her and stick Cloves into her Rost her with a gentle Fire keep the Drippings I have anointed the Paralytick Limbs with it and then carefully wrapt them in Foxes or Cats Skins ¶ Castor must not be omitted either inwardly or outwardly for it has a wonderful property in all Palsies Forestus 4. Kyperus highly commends Sage Wine if a draught of it be taken Morning Noon and between Noon and Supper for ordinary Drink ¶ Spirit of Sarsafras excells other things ¶ Oyl of Aniseeds anointed on a Paralytick Tongue restores Speech ¶ Paralytick Limbs must be long rubbed with essence of green Tabacco Leaves a good while made only by infusion in Malmsey Wine Frid. Hofmannus a Sweat being first given 5. Distilled Oyl of Juniper most happily cures a Palsy from great Wounds of the Head if the Neck and Spina Dorsi and the Paralytick part be anointed with it Joel 6. The fat of a Fox either rosted or boiled first stuffed with Betony Sage Marigold Iva Arthritica Primrose and Rosemary either alone or mixt with Unguents is of great moment Mercatus See Medicines for an Apoplexy most of which are good for a Palsy Book I. Paronychia or a Whitlow The Contents A Compendious and safe method of Cure I. We must take care of the Malignity II. Medicines I. HOw painful and long in curing a Whitlow is no Man is ignorant yet if the part affected be cut in the
a great difficulty of breathing I presently endeavouâ—'d to discuss it with hot Fomentations though a Fever began to appear which yet was little enough after the Fomentation the pain was worse therefore I let Blood out of the Arm of the same Side o ten ounces which was very hot Two hours after Bleeding I took a Clyster having taken some Gruel an hour before After a second Mess of Gruel I repeated Bleeding to twelve ounces for though the pain seemed to arise principally from Wind yet I was afraid the greatness of the pain might draw a fluxion upon the part which in two years before had been twice afflicted with a true Pleurisy By these things the pain was somewhat abated but persevering the following day I took ano her Clyster of the Emollient Decoction of Diaphoenicon an ounce Aqua benedicta four ounces which gave me several Stools and one Vomit and whilst I vomited the Wind contained in my Breast was suddenly scattered so that I was quite freed from the pain of my Side and Sternum River cent 3. obs 3. and had need of no other Remedy XXXVI Boars Tooth the Shavings of Ivory the Jaw of a Pike red Poppies and the like are so â—ar from promising any help in a Phlegmatick Pleurisy which some call a spurious or bastard one that they seem to threaten the Disease it self and to retain in the Breast that tough and clammy Matter with very great detriment and fear of suffocation Therefore I wonder that Antipleuritick Pouders of the aforesaid things only should be carried about and given indifferently in every Pleurisy H. Grube de simpl cogn p. 34. I have learn d from Art it self that the Patients receive more hurt than benefit from thâ—se Pouders if the fomes of the Disease be Phlegm XXXVII Common Practitioners are wont to use Lambitives in the beginning of Pleurisies which have a faculty to incrassate the Humour that they may hinder the Fluxion to the part affected These seem to me to offend in a double respect first because when they are called to Pleuritical Patients the Fluxion is already made for the greatest part so that to incrassate that which is made is nothing else but to hinder spitting or digestion Secondly There are very often Bastard Pleurisies when thick Humours flow down either from the Head or from the whole Body in which case Incrassaters are Poisons Therefore the Matter of the Pleurisy and the plenty of the Matter already flown are always to be observed before Incrassaters be given And if that which flows be hot and thin and be col ected in a little quantity 't is convenient to prepare a Lambitive that has a vertue to hinder a new defluxion and also to digest that which is already flown Saxonia XXXVIII In a Bilious Pleurisy which has a notable burning and violent heat joined with it we must abstâ—in from Honey and Sugar and all things which are apt to be turned into Choler and to increase the heat and we must come to cooling Potions and Suppings Petr. Sal. câ—mment in text 91. l. 2. de morb which yet must be loosening not binding XXXIX 'T is some question whether Acid Potions be good both because Vinegar is offensive to the Membranes and also because if the Potions be pretty acid where the Spittle is not easily brought up there proceeds greater harm from the Viscosity which follows the not coughing up than help from the irritation that accrews from the twitching of the Medicin for upon this account did Hippocrates 3. acut condemn Oxymel for its acrimony But perhaps in lib. de affection by the more Acid Potions he did not understand such as are very sharp but those which being simply acid may in respect of Mulsa and sweet Potions be called more acid which will be chiefly good in a Pleurisy depending on a Phlegmatick Matter because in it the Phlegmatick Humour sticking to the Membrane like a Plaster Idem com in l. 2. â— 27. de morb suffers not the Membrane to be twirched by Acid Potions XL. Some Practitioners in great want of sleep dare give Narcoticks as the Syrup of Poppy Philonium Romanum Laudanum Opiaâ—um Which yet in this Disease are pernicious for they retain the Spittle and straiten the Breast whence there often follows hasty destruction Yet this is to be understood of a full Dose of Narcoticks for if they be given in a small quantity they may do good in a violent pain a troublesom cough without getting any thing up arising from a very thin Humour and in continual watchings In which cases I have often given one grain of Laudanum Opiatum with good success and sometimes have repeated it several times But its use is chiefly in the beginning of the Disease for then the Humour that is a flowing into the part may he restrained and an increase of the Disease hindred River ¶ The use of those Medicins which are made of Opium Henbane and Mandrake cures not the painful affection of the Pleurisy but takes away the sense Galen 1. acut 3◠¶ Being called on the seventh day to a Pleuritical Person that greatly wanted sleep I gave him after Supper a little Laudanum with his pectoral decoction and a little Confectio Alkermes he rested pretty well that night whereby Nature recovered new strength c. Fabr. Hild. cent 5. obs 37. and he recovered about the seventeenth day ¶ We must note that things taken inwardly are more available for things applied outwardly hardly penetrate to the pained part are very slow of operation and in their passage to the Internal parts do incrassate the Humours and upon this account do increase the pain and its cause Zacut. prax hist l. 2. c. 3. ¶ In a dry Pleurisy and a Bilious Patient Laudanum being twice given after Universals cured the Disease by easing the pain Th. de Mayerne tract in s de Laudano though the pain was very violent XLI That ancient Physician Rhases has admonished us to take heed of hot things for says he many increases happen to this Distemper by the mistake of unskilful Physicians as when upon conjecture that the Membrane that cloaths the Ribs is stuff'd with thick Flatus they unseasonably give Diamoschu or some Medicin that is like it in discussing and inciding for by this unseasonable Curation they kill their Patients Heurnius ¶ I remember a Woman that began to be seised upon by a Pleurisy to whom her Physician gave Treacle with other heating things and she was order'd to sweat upon the taking thereof Bruno Seid de morb incur p. 50. whereupon all things growing worse she died at last of a Peripneumony XLII The difficulty about the use of Repriments at the beginning is very great For Mesue uses at the beginning a repressing Medicin of Roses Balaustins c. and he seems to have reason on his side because every beginning Inflammation is treated with Revellents and Repriments
Applications of other kind which ease pain may be outwardly applied Of the wandring Scorbutick Gout Concerning this affection Eugalenus Wierus Medicus Campensis and Gregorius Horstius have writ on purpose It is said to be very frequent in the North-parts of Holland of which they take a certain sign by applying a live Worm to the place pained for it begins immediately to leap wriggle and slide off and usually dies which indeed I have often by experience observed in this Disease among our own Country-men The reason of which experiment as I think is this we make the cause of the Pain and Swelling in the part affected to be because Saline or lixivial Feculencies that are left by the Blood and also by the Nervous Liquor in the same place do mutually ferment just as Spirit of Vitriol mixt with deliquated Salt of Tartar moreover as from such struggling and agitation of dissimilar particles Pain and Swelling are caused so indeed very sharp and as it were corrosive effluvia do plentifully fly out which kill the Worm when it is applied to the pained place just as if it were hung over these ebullient Liquors Because of the effect of this experiment the Cure of the Disease is managed by Worms that is by Medicines made of them which yet I know not whether taken inwardly they will as certainly cure the Disease as they applied outwardly are killed by the Disease However Worms as also Snails Sows and other exanguous Animals inasmuch as they abound with a volatil Salt so they often yield a Medicine effectual enough Henricus Petraeus tells of two Remedies for this Disease much used in Westphalia 1. Take 9 Worms bruised with 2 spoonfuls of Wine in a Mortar and strained through a Cloth to these add half a pint of Wine Take 3 spoonfuls Morning Noon and Night for several dayes 2. Take 2 or 3 sprigs of Savine Virgin Honey 2 spoonfuls Boyl them in a pint of Wine till it sink 2 Inches Let 4 or 5 spoonfuls of the colature be taken thrice a day A certain vulgar potion cited by Horstius is near of kin to the first Medicine it is called Potio Monasteriensis Take of Sage Betony Rue each 5 Leaves a little Savine and two roots of Devils bit Bruise them with water of Elder flowers and let the juice strained out be given to cause a Sweat The like prescription also is propounded by Medicus Campensis in Forestus Certainly in this Disease Aqua lumbricorum magistralis set down in the London Dispensatory is excellent good I have often used Spirit and Salt of Harts horn Spirit of Blood and flowers of Sal Ammoniac with good success Moreover Testaceous powders to wit of Crabs Eyes Corals Pearl and Vegetables which are reckoned Antidotes for the Gout as Root of Birthwort Leaves of Ground pine Germander and the like joyned with Antiscorbuticks are good for the cure of this Disease Beside outward Anodynes to asswage the pain which are used in form of Liniment Fomentation or Cataplasm oyl of Worms Frogs and Toads are often very beneficial I had it from an excellent Person who was very subject to this Disease that a water distilled off the Contents in the Stomach of an Ox newly killed and taken out and applied warm with Clothes in manner of a Fomentation does give most certain relief Of Convulsive and Paralytick Affections that usually come upon the Scurvy If at any time the Scorbutick Infection break into the Brain and Nervous kind and very much infect the irrugious Liquor of either Province for this reason indeed divers affections and especially Paralytick and Spasmodick ones usually arise namely according as the Morbifick matter brought by the regiment is either narcotick or explosive Which sort of affections although in this case they be Symptomatick yet when they grow worse they challenge to themselves both the name and better part of the Cure so that the Patient may be rather said to be sick of the Palsie or Convulsion than of the Scurvy Medicines also proper for these Diseases should be preferred before all other at that time however requisite for other intentions To cure such Diseases brought upon the Scurvy we should make it our business that Remedies appropriate to them may be rightly complicated with Antiscorbuticks Of an Atrophy and also the Scorbutick Fever which is either the cause or effect of it There are 3 kinds of causing depending in a certain order of one or more of which a Scorbutick Atrophy without a Consumption of the Lungs is usually produced to wit either the Chyle is perverted through the fault of the first wayes so that either not enough or not good is carried to the Blood Or secondly when it is brought thither yet by the fault of the Blood it is not rightly changed into Blood and nutritious juice Or thirdly the nutritious juice being rightly prepared in the mass of Blood through the fault of the Nervous Liquor is not rightly assimilated to the solid parts Remedies proper for this Symptome either respect the emendation of the first wayes or of the foresaid Humours As to the former it sometimes happens that through the broken tone or vitiated ferment of the Stomach what food is taken is not rightly concocted but turns into an useless putrilage For such ails gentle Catharticks Digestives and Strengthners may be used Yet the work of Chylification is oftner hindred by a Scirrhous Tumor rising sometimes in the Stomach sometimes in the Mesentery and other Parts thereabout In this case opening and dissolving things are proper the use of Spaws is before any other Remedy Moreover Fomentations Liniments or Plaisters must be outwardly applied Furthermore sometimes it happens that without any Tumor arising in the Bowels the lacteal Vessels are so much obstructed with a thick viscid matter settled in them that a sufficient store of Chyle though made laudable and with plenty sufficient cannot be carried to the Blood In this case the Belly is for the most part very loose the stools are white and like curdled Milk and not tinged with bile or stinking like other Peoples Excrements The reason whereof is because the depauperated Blood breeds but little yellow bile from the pouring out of which in the Guts the colour and stink of the Excrements proceed In this case Spaws are chiefly proper and when openers are given inwardly Liniments Fomentations and Bathings may be used outwardly For a Marasmus arising from the Blood 's degenerating from its frame these things are good Asses or Cows Milk diluted with Barley water or some proper distilled water often do good Broth or Milk with Snails boyled in them Moreover Waters distilled off Milk or Whey with Snails and temperate Antiscorbutick Herbs are very good in this case for this purpose also Decoctions of vulnerary and Antiscorbutick Herbs are taken with good success In the mean time frictions to the out parts may be used every day with Clothes bedewed with unguentum resumptivum or fresh Oyl of sweet Almonds and
that are Sleepy and in a Feaver than which nothing worse can be given Dodoneus pempt 2. l. 4. c. 7. for they do a great deal of harm and often kill the Patient Sterilitas or Barrenness The Contents The Cure of Barrenness in Women is performed especially by Fomentations and Purges I. What must be the Diet of them that are Barren through Salacity II. There ought not to be only one way of Cure III. For whom Stoves and Baths are good IV. Cured by eating of Polypi V. The reduction of the Mouth of the Womb when turned aside VI. Fumes and Steams are not good for the same Women VII The Cure of Barrenness from Fatness VIII Electuaries may be variously made up IX The efficacy of Sudorificks X. And of Bathes XI Conditions concerning Venus XII What the Virtue of Pessaries should be XIII Medicines I. MUch is written by Hippocrates libro de Sterilibus and in his Aphorisms of the causes of Barrenness and of its manifold Cure But Sect. 5. lib. 2. Epidem all the Cures of these causes are in a manner reduced to these 2 heads Fomentations and Purges The Barren saith he must Foment and Purge for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which he there uses signifie a purging Medicine when it is used alone and nothing is added to it which may signifie some other sort of Medicine But by the name of Fomentation I would have understood whatever is applyed inwardly or outwardly by way of Cataplasm Irrigation Clysters Pessary or Fumigation as by the name of Purging I would have understood both Vomiting and Purging For every cause of Barrenness is either a fault of Composition or of Temperament or an Ulcer of the Womb or a Cacochymie of the whole Body Among the faults of the Composition of the Womb there is the smallness and grossness of the Womb the straitness and hardness of the mouth of the Womb so that it is not dilated sufficiently or a perversion of the Mouth of the Womb or the wideness of it so that it gapes and does not retain or straitness of the Vessels of the Womb so that for this reason the Menstruous evacuations do not come into it or the laxity of it so that they run too much out In fault of temperament there is too much heat which consumes the Seed or cold which does not concoct it or dryness which consumes the Seed and nourishment of the Fatus or moisture which hinders its retention which also Ulcers of the Womb do hinder Cacochymies when they are poured into the Womb corrupt the Seed when they are not poured they do not hinder Conception yet they make a bad juice for the Foetus and therefore either cause Abortion or a Diseased Foetus Vitiated Compositions if they be contracted from the first generation are usually incurable but if they are caused by other Diseases they may be Cured by curing of these Diseases Cacochymies require Purging All intemperatures of the Womb which are joyned with an Humour or with a Cacochymie of the whole Body and especially Ulcers require Purging and then Fomentations Affusions Insessions and Pessaries And all these things must for heat be cold for cold hot for moisture dry for dryness moist and for Ulcers such as the Cure of Ulcers requires Therefore it is evident that the whole Cure of barren Women consists in Fomentations and Purges Vallesius II. If a Woman Conceive not through Salacity which is caused by the acrimony and heat of Seed she must be fed with gross Diet such as thickens the Blood and the Seed It is good to eat Fruits as Pears Rondeletius Apples and Chesnuts which breed gross Humors and Vapors and retard that violence III. Many Women Conceive not because they have moist and foul Wombs so that they neither eagerly receive Seed nor are able to retain it which disposition indeed is contrary to that wherein they want the Menstrua that the Womb may be open for there is a two fold Cause why newly after the evacuation of the Menstrua Conception is easy in moist Women both because the Mouth of the Womb and the Veins and Arteries which end there having been opened remain so and because when the Womb has been newly evacuated it draws any Moisture more greedily This may easily be known by what comes out for mucous matter frequently comes from such Hippocrates lib. 2. Epid. sect 3. says this is cured by a dry course of Diet. Here by Diet must be understood the whole course of ones Life where in the whole Method of Cure is comprehended Because in this affection the Diet which consists in Meat and Drink is not sufficient The Cure must in this as in other Diseases be contrary to the Affection So that hence it is manifest that there is not only one way of curing barren Women as vulgar Physicians have perswaded themselves but that it is various and manifold according to the cause of Barrenness For it is proper only to moisten some and Heat others Vallesius and to cool and moisten others IV. Moist Women use Stoves and they that have a hard or cold Womb Bathes But they must use them a little before their Menses come Rondeletius V. Hippocrates lib. 2. Epid. sect 6. advises to give a Woman that she may conceive Polypi to eat roasted in the Flame very hot and almost half burnt and to beat Aegyptian Nitre and Coriander and Cummin together and to make Balls of them and apply them to the pudendum But this Cure is not proper for all Barren Women but only for such as are Cold and have but little Seed For the Polypus is a most salacious Animal and goes into a Consumption through too much coïtion and such things must needs increase Seed for they consist of such a juice and are apt to be turned into the same And what he here orders to be given is heating and therefore tentiginous Although I should leave out Cummin Vallesius because it wastes Flatulencies as does Rue VI. Among the faults of Composition it is evident from Hippocrates his Doctrine that the chief and most effectual Cause of Barrenness is the turning aside of the Mouth of the Womb the Causes and Cure whereof he shews lib. de sterilibus de Natura muliebr If the Womb turn on one side says he a Cough takes them the Pain ascends and the Womb lies like a Ball is sore when it is touched like an Vlcer And after many such things he orders to purge Women and to wash in warm Water and to use hot Things And a little after If the Womb be turned aside and the Mouth it self be awry c. When a Woman is so you must give her a Purge and wash with warm Water and foment her The whole therefore of the Cure in this Case consists in the reduction of the Womb to its former place which indeed cannot be done except either the Humors be purged by
reason whereof the Womb is made lax or dried up by application and the Pain be eased and the part made softer that it may with less Pain be reduced to its place without Inflammation Therefore you must first purge the Body and use fomentations and emollient Things then have the Womb reduced by the Midwife's fingers and last of all let her rub her Hands this way and that over all her Belly towards the Navil with Oyl all over the region of the Womb with a gentle compression till you find the Womb separated from the Part to which it sticks and reduced to its former Seat Yet have a care in this Work that the Menstrua be not near nor great store of Humors in the Womb lest something worse grow upon the evil was there before You must have first a care of this and then anoint the Belly with Oyl of Rue white Lillies Orice Chamaemill Bayberies strowing some of the Powders of the same Things c. To accompany with a Man will be good Mercatus whereby the Neck of the Womb is better untwisted VII Fumes are good for such Women as through Cold have little or no Menstrua especially if it be joyned with an aqueous humidity Fumes of Spices saith Hippocrates bring down the Muliebria But Steams are good for them the Mouth of whose Wombs is stopt with Cold so that they cannot receive the Seed Yet all of them have this quality to abate the Cold of the Womb Mercatus that the Seed be not exstinguished VIII Hippocrates lib. de Natur. Mulier § 19. bids us attenuate and give a Medicine that purges downwards and apply to the Womb things that purge it downwards and that cause Flatulencies But you cannot extenuate the Body before you have often purged the Body and Womb by which Purging I suppose all discussing and drying up of the Humor must be understood Nor is this to be slighted and that cause Flatulencies for it must be believed that whatever things do dilate and any way distend the Womb and lay the Passages of it more open which are pressed with Fat and the Cawl are good Medicines for the Womb which without doubt I think is done by such things as cause Flatulencies because they are apt to distend the Part where they are Mercatus IX In cold and moist Women this Electuary will be proper whether the Moisture be in the whole Body or only in the Womb. Take of the conserve of Eryngo and Citron rind each 1 ounce conserve of Rosemary and candied Ginger each 1 ounce and an half ashes of a Bulls pizzle and ashes of a Hare's Womb each half an ounce Pulvis diagalang diamosch dulcis diambr. each 3 drachms Pine and Hazle Nuts each 3 drachms a little Sugar with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Citron Peel make an Electuary Of which take the quantity of an Hazle Nut a good while after Meat when she goes to sleep This Conserve is most proper for such as are cold and moist all their Body over for if the Womb only were cold and moist it were better to dry it by receiving a Fume through a Tunnel And it may be made of odoriferous Driers and light obstringents The Electuary will be proper for such if the Dose of the Pine and Hazle-Nuts after they have been steeped in Milk and a little Honey mixt together be increased now and and then renewing the Milk that it grow not sowr Such an one will restore the dried Body and breed store of Seed In these Electuaries many other drying Things are used which if they were taken dry by themselves would rather do harm than good but because they are mixt with Syrups and tempered with sweet things are proper as shavings of Ivory Goat's-horn seed of Hartwort pith of Ash seeds they call it Birds tongue and Sparrows-brains may be added but they are better taken with Meat than Mixt with the foresaid Things for they do good because they breed much Seed which they cannot do if they be taken in a small quantity It were better to take the brain of a Pig or a Hog well boyled with some wild Marjoram and after to eat it fryed in a Frying-pan for it nourishes much and increases Seed Electuaries for salacious Women must be made of gentle astringents and things that breed store of Seed not very hot as Take of preserved Myrobalans Emblici and Chebuli each No 2. Citron Peel candied with Sugar the rest with Honey 1 drachm Pine Nuts steeped in Milk seed of Ash so steeped each half an ounce with Syrup of sweet-smelling Apples make an Electuary adding of shavings of Ivory and Goats horn each 2 drachms They that are not propense to Venus may wear Amber or Musk about them and perfumed Gloves and they may lay them at Night especially under their Pillows unless they be subject to Fits of the Mother Rondeletius for then it were better to tye these sweet things to the Hips X. If Sweats be frequently provoked in moist Women because they evacuate the whole Body it will be very good for them Upon which account they may sometime drink a Decoction of Guajacum sparingly after the usual manner Which while a Woman used by my Prescription Platerus she was with Child before she had done taking it XI The use of drying Natural Bathes for a Month's time and above is the last refuge of Barren Women To which they go on that account and sit several hours in them and Sweat Which will be more effectual if they be by Nature also actually hot as those that are Aluminous and Nitrous and smell of Lime called Lead-Bathes which are common Sulphureous Bathes also which because they have a very emollient Faculty are the last Remedy in the natural hardness of the Womb which make sound Women Barren and because they dry they will also be good for others the Salt Water of the Sea also and of Wells heated by Art and used will do good either by themselves Idem or with some convenient decoction XII When the Woman has been prepared by Medicines that she may more easily Conceive several things should be observed First that the time most opportune for Conception is when the Woman is well cleared of her Menstrua that is when they cease for then she more easily receives retains and cherishes it But if the Woman be thin and have little Blood it is better to lye with her before they come or in the time of interval So Aetius must be understood when he writes that a Woman must be laid with when her Menses are at hand Secondly it should be considered concerning Coïtion that it should be after Meat and before Sleep for succeeding Sleep relieves the Weariness and helps retention of the Seed Hippocrates indeed advises to Venus after Sleep Primirosius de m. m. l. 4. c. 1. Labor Meat Sleep Venus all Moderate But he has respect to Health not Conception XIII After the Womb is
Passages of her Breath were so much stopt with gross Fumes from the bad Mushromes XI I think it is no absurdity to say that Men sometimes have Fits like to Hysterick ones The Cause whereof proceeds from the small Gut in which through the vitious effervescency of concurrent Humors especially of a too austere pancreatick Juice Wind and Vapors of the same Nature arise And when they rise to the Oesophagus Blasius append ad Vessingii Anat. part § 190. they so straiten it that the Patients apprehend themselves in danger of Choaking XII In the greatest fear of Suffocation in Flatulent and hysterick Fits put the Patient's Feet in warm Water H â—ferus l. 21 c. 2. and you will immediately find him breathe better Suffocatio Affectus hysterici Hysterick Fits or Fits of the Mother The Contents Whether Blood may be let in the Fit I. Cuppping-glasses must not be set above the Navil II. Whether a Vomit be convenient III. Whether Purging IV. All hysterick Women are not benefited with stinking Things nor all offended with odoriferous things V. Whether Titillations and Frictions of the Pudenda be lawful VI. Whether the Mouth and Nose should be stopt VII Whether pouring cold Water upon the Abdomen may be Practised according to Hippocrates his Mind VIII This Disease must not alwayes be resisted by Heaters IX With what Caution Narcoticks may be used X. Sinapisms good to prevent the Fit XI The efficacy of Castor XII Perfumes as Musk and Amber whether alwayes hurtful XIII The efficacy of Musk taken inwardly XIV Remedies must be timerously administred to Women with Child XV. A Relapse must be prevented XVI The efficacy of Antimonium diaphoreticum XVII An hysterick Fit often mistaken for one of the Spleen XVIII Camphire is not good for all XIX Laudanum does Wonders XX. Medicines 1. IN a Fit from the retention of the Menses a Vein may be Breathed Not many days ago I had a Woman in Cure who was taken with a Fit eight times a day and another Physician who was there would not admit of Bleeding yet she was Bled against the Physicians Will and she Recovered immediately Wherefore in such a Case we may Bleed with boldness Capivaccius l. 4. c. 10. otherwise many Women might Perish II. Cupping glasses with much Fire must be set to the Thighs without Scarification and then to the Groin on each side for when they are set to these Parts they draw the Womb down because of the Ligaments But they must not be set above the Navil as some through a great Mistake do for either they will draw the Womb up or keep it up A Castro l. 2. c. 1. when it is so Yet they may be applied between the os pubis and the Navil on each side III. Aetius commends a Vomit but it may be a question whether it be convenient For if the morbifick Cause be lodged in the Womb it is scarce credible that it should be drawn to the Stomach through so many windings and turnings and so be evacuated To evacuate the antecedent Cause by reason it does not as yet cause a Fit will do but little good Besides Vomiting in the Fit draws the Humors upwards and disturbs those in the Womb and so may make the Fit the worse Nevertheless it is certain that a Vomit does good as well in the Fit as out of it for as Sneezing does good by the Motion and Agitation so does a Vomit for in the act of Vomiting not only the morbifick Humors which cause the Mischief are evacuated but also by the straining of the Muscles of the abdomen the Womb is forced downwards and the Vapors arising thence are dissipated And seeing the Womb is easily offended with all manner of things the Cause does not alwayes ly in it but sometimes in other Parts also which provoke the Womb by their cacochymie to inordinate Motions as hysterick Women often complain of ails in their Spleen Primirosius de morb Mul. l. 3. c. 11. If therefore the Cause ly any where else than in the Womb it may be excluded by Vomit and so it will be convenient as well upon account of the conjunct as antecedent Cause IV. I have long since by experience found that such Symptomes as these are much exasperated and increased and others also superadded by sharp and violent Medicines Wherefore it is my Advice Mercatus de indic Med. l. 1. c. 6. that you alwayes use gentle Medicines in them although the Fits be Violent by which Method I have seen several restored to Health beyond expectation Heurnius ¶ That the Womb is grievously affected by the Guts has been my Observation for when a Purge has been given to them that are subject to Fits they are usually most grievously afflicted ¶ If Fits arise from corrupt and poysonous Humors there is no better Remedy then often to purge the Body according to the Condition and Nature of the peccant Humor Here we must consider from what Parts such Excrements flow into the Womb and what they are that we may help so great an Evil. A Vomit seems here peculiarly convenient in my Opinion because when all the Excrements of the first ways are purged revulsion is made from the Womb but not so in other Causes Augenius because neither abundance of Blood nor Seed can be amended by Vomiting unless by Accident ¶ Pilulae faetidae majores though they be purging yet half a drachm of them may be advantageously given in the Fit for they evacuate gently and use not to purge Riverius till the Fit is first over so that you need fear no danger from the Working V. Camerarius in horto suo is the Author that Angelica with Zeodary given in Wine is an excellent Remedy against Fits of the Mother Which as Reason denyes to be good for every Hysterick Woman so Experience will prove that it is good for this and the other individual for some Hysterick Women are refreshed with grateful smells as Balsame Cinnamon Amber and Musk on the contrary some are brought into great danger by assa foetida Castor and the most common and famous Remedies for uterine Symptomes Of which Matter I shall produce two contrary but singular Examples A few years since I was called to a Matron who was taken with exceeding violent hysterick Symptomes To whom when I advised that they should besides a Galbanum Plaster which the Women had applied before I came give her also some Hysterick water and should hang about her Neck a piece of Castor tied in a thin Silk that they should burn some Partridge Feathers or toste some Nutmeg Then she replied with a whispering Voice Must I then who cannot bear the smell of an hysterick Plaister bear moreover these stinking Things Certainly I shall be Killed who use to be refreshed with the smell of a Nutmeg but unburnt Wherefore I carefully enquired of her whether or no she was offended with Spanish or Italian Gloves that smelled of
proper XIII Medicines I. WHether may Blood be let when People are in a swoon In a spurious Syncope which the stopping of the Blood in the Veins breeds which according to Hippocrates and Galen l. 4. acut must be esteemed twofold one from store of Blood in the greater Vessels another only from the Carotides and jugulars Blood must immediately be taken away ere it being deprived of its Spirits become concrete and the Disease be incurable as much as convenient considering the strength and fulness of the Body Which when done and a spare course of diet is followed we must divert what is contained in the Body to the lower parts and afterwards what concrete Blood there is we must make it fluid with drinking hot things and by gently rubbing the whole Body But in this case it is very rare that one can make the Blood fluid unless the Spirits be much stronger than before for if not or if the Pulse be bad it is a sign that the Blood is then concrete in which case we must wholly abstain from Blood-letting and make use of such Remedies as may make the concrete Blood fluid as Hares-rennet in water and Honey or water and Honey with Marjoram boyled in it with the addition of a little Oxymel or half a drachm of Treacle or Mithridate dissolved in the said water But if you be certain that the Blood is not concrete you can no way sooner bring the Patient to life again than by letting him Blood Which when you have done once if the Patient bear it well and if the Blood run high you may try the Remedy again till you find the Patient relieved but if no Blood will come you may reckon it is concrete and you need try no more II. A Woman as she saw her Husband fighting with his Neighbour fell into a Swoon I was called and by my order she was cured by Bleeding In this sick Woman the Blood had for fear and grief retired to the Heart as to a tower by which when the Heart is suffocated I have observed several have died both because the vital faculty is extinguished by too great abundance and because the Spirits cannot pass through the Vessels for want of which the extream parts grow dead In so great decay of Spirits let the Physician never omit Bleeding But â—f by reason of extream loss of strength and the abolition of the pulse in a manner the Physician be doubtful let Cupping-glasses be set to his Hips and Thighs with scarifications instead of Bleeding Fontanus III. It often counterfeits an Apoplexy but without ratling nor does it leave a Palsie behind it If it return often violently at length it oppresses and suffocates the Heart not only because the excursion of the Blood is intercepted by the plenitude of the Vessels but because some thick substance of the Blood being forced within the Ventricles of the Heart oppresses it which causes an Asphyxy in the motion of the Heart and Arteries This Disease is as frequent among the Germans as the Apoplexy from their athletick habit of Body which is contracted from their continual good fellow-ship and drinking Yet they take no care to take down that plethorick habit by Bleeding liberally And so no wonder if through such abundance of Blood Riolanus they fall into an Apoplexy or a Cardiack Syncope IV. Vinegar of Roses is not good for every Syncope for seeing contrary causes must needs be removed by contrary Remedies therefore it is manifest that the dissolution of the Spirits must be cured one way and their suffocation or infection another Wherefore we conclude with Capivaccius 2. pract cap. 9. that a Syncope coming from a dissolution of the Spirits may be very well taken off by the use of cooling things applied especially to the Forehead Face region of the Heart and Wrists in which case Vinegar of Roses is proper for Vinegar penetrates and Roses cool and concentre the Spirits But if suffocation be the cause attenuation and dissolution of the Morbifick matter is of necessity required which cannot at all be done by cooling things wherefore here we must have recourse to Cresses Nigella Mithridate Cinnamon water rubbing the extream parts c. If there be Malignity we must provide for the Heart by Bezoarticks No wonder then if in the absence of Physicians Patients often dye in a Swoon For it may so happen that the Spirits which are otherwise suffocated may by applying some common cooling Remedy be further conglobated about their principle and by this means the vital faculty may be utterly suppressed Horstius V. When a Patient is liker to one dead than alive so that he can neither open nor shut his Mouth much less swallow any thing as he should then it will be the best way to take some Aromatick Oyls either simple or compound mingled only and stirred together a little with rectified Spirit of Wine or more nearly joyned together by a greater artifice and long circulation and pour 3 or 4 drops into the Patient's Mouth and sometimes more and especially by a Silver or Golden pipe into the Throat to the end they may penetrate both into the Stomach and Guts from whence the cause of so grievous an evil is often dispersed to all parts and into the Pipes of the Lungs to the very Blood that sticks in the Pulmonary Vessels Sylvius de le â—oë and so correct and amend this urgent harm VI. A Noble-man complained to me that he immediately fell into a Swoon as he turned himself on his left Side and his Spirits were so far gone that he was got out of it with much difficulty When I inquired into the cause I reckoned some Melancholick Humour having some ill quality in it sent a poysonous Vapor from the Spleen to the Heart which must be the cause of this Malignant Symptome nor was I deceived in my conjecture For when he was put in a right course of Diet after his Body had universally been purged of Melancholy and particularly his Spleen by giving Medicines to open the Obstructions thereof and his Heart strengthened Riverius he was cured of it VII In a Swooning Fit sometimes such things must be given as powerfully concentrate the Spirits and acid Vapors and sometimes such as discuss glutinous ones Subtil things to the end they may penetrate to all parts may be mixt with them such are Spirituous things and volatil and Oyly Salts especially such as are prepared by art of divers parts of Animals or of certain Plants These are good Aromatick Tinctures drawn by means of rectified spirit of Wine from divers Spices or from any Aromatick parts of Plants or Animals either by infusion alone or also by destillation for example Take of water of Mint Fenel each 1 ounce Scurvy-grass Aqua vitae Matthioli each half an ounce Laudanum opiatum 2 grains Syrup of Mint 1 ounce oyl of Cloves Nutmeg destilled each 2 drops Mix them Give it by spoonfuls Let no
Treacle he was well For Treacle is a common Remedy against all Poyson I could not prescribe a proper Antidote because I knew not what Nature the Poyson was of but by these means their Pain in their Stomach ceased and both of them were cured Forestus ¶ Cardan cured some that were dying of an unknown Poyson by giving them Milk to drink XLII It is found by experience that a Mule when his Guts are taken out has such an attractive and dissolving Virtue that it is able to extract and dissipate Poysons As it was proved in Valentine Borgia Pope Alexander the fifth his Son who being enclosed in a Mule which had its Guts taken out immediately overcame the violence of the Poyson Claudinus ¶ In the year 1629. Falcini an Illustrious Patavine having by Gods mercy escaped great treachery had a present of Wine sent him which when he had tasted he was long tormented with an Ulcer in his Stomach and by Sylvaticus his advice after Valentine Borgia's example he escaped after he had been inclosed in a Mule whose Guts were taken out the Poyson being drawn from within to the out parts of the Skin And an accident showed that the Wine was poysoned with Mercury sublimate for as many as drank of it found the Poyson one of his attendants among others after he had pissed Quick-silver which however it be prepared Rhodius Cent. 3. Obs â— is restored to its former shape by dropping some Spirit of Salt upon it escaped XLIV A Nobleman had a Son who consumed away and at last died After his Body was cut open a certain hard mass like unto horn was found in the bottom of his Stomach which was sent to his Father He in memory of his Son caused a spoon to be made of it which he often used at the Table It happened that when this Spoon was put into a Sallet of Water Cresses and Vinegar it dissolved Hence we may easily conjecture that Water-Cresses has no common virtue against a Philtrum Schenckius XLV We must know there are three sorts of Diseases which are held to come from Witch craft The first is no way Witch-craft but when the Devil observes any one will be taken with a Disease as he is well skilled in natural things he perswades Witches and Wizzards that if they will but do what he orders them the Man will fall into such a Disease into which notwithstanding he would have fallen had the Witches done no such thing And in the mean time the Witches think the Disease was caused by their power Secondly there are other Diseases which indeed are not caused by the Devil but by natural causes while he changes the natural constitution and corrupts and alters the Humours Thirdly there are Diseases which are simply caused by the Devil without the Mediation of natural Humours As to the first sort of these Diseases it is most manifest and without doubt that it may be cured with natural Remedies But the third cannot be cured by natural Remedies because natural things can have no influence upon the Devil who is a Spirit And natural Medicines are good to cure the second sort however they are not sufficient alone but besides there is need of a divine cure For since in such Diseases two causes concurr the Humours and such things as are in a humane Body and the Devil besides although the former cause be removed yet unless the Devil cease from acting and hurting a perfect cure cannot be expected And these natural Medicines are either such as evacuate those vitious Humours which the Devil uses in causing Diseases or alterâ—tives and Alexipharmacks contrary to the dispositions caused by him amongst evacuants Vomits are chief by which it is evident many stubborn Diseases have been cured whose cause lay in the Stomach Mesentery and thereabout Therefore Rulandus cured Demoniacks by giving Vomits for these vitious Humours being taken away the Diseases which by their means the Devil had caused to cease Nor indeed must Purgatives be neglected H. ab Heer 's obs 13. tells how one who was hurt with a Philtre was purged by Urine and so cured Aâ— to Alteratives and Alexipharmacks we must obsâ—rve that the word Veneficium is sometimes taken for Inchantment and an action absolutely magical s metimes for a Disease caused by Philtra Therefore when in Authors you find that this or the other Herb is good against veneficia they are for the most part to be understood of secret Poysons rather than of magical actions For since there are common Alexipharmacks they may very properly be used in these Poysons whose natures are for the most part hid Yea perhaps one may use them with success even in Diseases caused by the Devil seeing he also is able to cause poysonous Dispositions in the Body which may be conquered by such Medicines Yet in all these natural Medicines both outward and inward this must be observed if we may use them because often in occult Diseases we may try various Remedies that they be used without all manner of superstition ceremony pronunciation of Words and the like Sennertus and that we rely only on their natural Powers and leave the rest to God XLVI Because they say that in these Mountains there is no small number of Witches and Wizzards by whose Witchcraft several are oftentimes bewitched I will therefore describe a true and proper Alexiterick to drive away such a Poyson which I tried at Geneva with admirable effect in a certain Girl of Lions originally about 6 years old who had been long since bewitched by a certain Witch she was almost quite emaciated dumb destitute of her motive Faculty very voracious who upon taking a certain Alexipharmack twice or thrice and repeating it begun both to Speak and Walk A little while after her Father signified to me she was perfectly well And this Antidote is Dogs-tongue yet not the common but that which is described by Dioscorides l. 4. And we have hitherto used the Leaves not having yet tried the Roots Now the Witch who divulged this Alexiterick gave nine leaves to drink in Water but we neglecting the number of Leaves ordered an handfull to be boyled in half a pint of Water till half were boyled away then we gave the Decoction to the Patient on an empty stomach Afterwards one gave to another Girl at Geneva bewitched almost in the same manner half a drachm of Moibanus his Antidote in white Wine with good success with which within a little time after she had been purged upwards and downwards at last she recovered Because the virtue of this Alexipharmack is so great against almost all manner of Poysons I think it not amiss to describe it Take of root of Valerian half an ounce root of Swallow wort 1 ounce Polypody of the Oak Marsh-mallow wild Angelica each 2 ounces fresh Garden Angelica 4 ounces Bark of the Root of Spurge Laurel 1 ounce and an half All these Roots must be digged up
cold and dry it scarce ever primarily and of it self labors under a hot Intemperature Whenever therefore signs of its being hot show themselves by inquenchable Thirst desire of cold Drink blackness and driness of Tongue refreshment by cold Things whether taken or applied offence by hot Things nidorous Belchings loathing bitterness of the Mouth and loss of Appetite the neighboring Liver must be blamed from Sympathy wherewith the Stomach is easily affected for seeing it lies close to the Liver the Liver easily communicates its Qualities to it Sanctoriuâ— X. An Intemperature of the Stomach with an Humor whether it be from a cold or an hot Cause must be corrected by premising a gentle Vomit For so we may more easily discharge the mass of Humors which is continually breeding there then if we should use Purgers Moreover by that means the Humor sticking to the folds of the Stomach is more easily cleansed and the Intemperature if it be not either innate Harâ—mannuâ— or very inveterate is corrected XI Seeing in a cold Stomach full of Phlegm the Indicant continues a long time we must therefore a long time and every day use Medicines for it if Strength will permit And the Strength permits the frequent use of hot Medicines which are not unpleasant as Diatrion pip diacalam Which we may use every day but we cannot use Hiera constantly because of its bitterness Yet we must not be too sparing in the use of Hiera when Matter is sticking in a cold and moist Stomach Especially if Hiera be made with 80 drachms of Aloes and not 120 drachms Therefore the Apothecaries must be ordered to have Species Hierae made 2 wayes For when we would prepare the Body Hiera of 80 drachms is most effectual If 2 scruples or a drachm be taken and made into a Bolus with Sugar or Honey and given frequently Cappivacâ—ius for this is a most wholesom preparing Medicine XII Whether may we give a Purge to a weak and cold Stomach which concocts slowly and ill and is also full of cold and gross Humors For we may strengthen no Part when it is full of ill Juices but it is known that a weak Stomach cannot well bear Purging Yet this must be understood of strong Purgers for such as Purge gently as Rheubaâ—b Hiera Simplex and Myrobalans Zecchius Cons 18. may without harm be born by the Stomach though it be weak XIII As to a cold Intemperature seeing hot Medicines are approved of two things must be observed concerning them 1. That they be not violent Heaters Therefore Ginger is good but it must be preserved in Sugar And Diatriâ—â—n Pipereâ—â—n but with Wine for Honey Sugar and Wine moisten substantially so Pepper is good but with Meat 2. We must observe that Astringents be mixt with Heaters lest the substance of the innate Heat be wasted therefore Avicen mixes a little Mastiche with a decoction of Spike As to Things applied outwardly we must observe a difference between hot and cold things for cold things are prohibited by the innate heat of the Midriff but not hot things Yet if it happen that the Part adjoyning be affected with a hot Disease it is safer to apply hot Things about the Navil and the left side because in the right side the heat of the Liver might forbid it Cappivaccius ¶ Things that heat immoderately dissolve the innate heat of the Stomach and at length cause coolness as is evident in Girls that eat Ginger and such things Rondeletius for therefore they are Pale ¶ Chymical Medicines seeing for the most part they have a sharp and a very hot Quality can be of no use in case of a cold Stomach especially when the Liver and Parts thereabout burn with immoderate Heat therefore Aristot 24 probl sect 13. Crucius de Quaesitâ—â— When he asks Why hot Things are sooner cooled in the Sun than in the Shade He answers that the less Heat is wasted by the greater And Galen 3 de morborum causis sayes that a less Flame fades by little and little if you hold it to a greater Willis XIV Have a care that you give not Wormwood Wine when bad matter lies mixt in the Stomach ¶ But it is good in a cold and moist Intemperature Heurnius XV. He that assists a weak Stomach by Heaters as soon as he sees the Urine grow red must immediately abstain from hot Things Walus It Hofmannus otherwise a Dropsie follows XVI Things that have Vinegar in them must not be used indifferently in every crudity for I find it is only useful when too much Moisture and that thick is joyned with heat at which time it must either be much dilated or mixt with cooling and lenient Things Mercatus XVII That Concoction may do its Office without any fault things that bind the right Oririfice of the Stomach must be taken after Supper that the Stomach may be the stronger contracted and may perform its Action more exactly And Rondeletius sayes that they greatly mistake who give hot Powders after Meals for by their heat and tenuity they immediately carry with them the Aliment half crude to the Veins whence obstructions arise XVIII Medicines are made of Confections and Powders to strengthen the Stomach But it is much better to give them in form of a Powder without much Sugar for Sugar and Honey and other sweet Things make lax the Stomach and breed Wind Rondeletius especially when there is not much Moisture in it XIX Pepper is of a very thin Substance and so for a time it heats the Stomach and its Virtue is immediately spent as all tenuious and hot Things are Galen commends Pepper very much wherefore I could heartily wish the moderns were wiser who when they find Galen gave Pepper with Ptisan in a Fever think that Galen was out and they say it were better to use Cinnamon and so they order Cinnamon But they do not see Galen's mystery that Pepper heats the Stomach and not the Liver And Galen 4 de tuend valetud sayes that Diaspolit Diacalam and the like are very bad for a crude Stomach because they carry crude Humors to the Liver and cause Obstructions for although there be not so great a heat in Cinnamon yet it is more lasting Therefore I often give Sugar of Roses bruised very finely with a little Pepper Montanuâ— that it may more easily exhale XX. Celsus l. 2. c. 24. reckons the drinking of cold Things to be grateful to the Stomach and it appears from other places that drinking cold Water is good for the Stomach So l. 4. c. 18. he gives warm Water to them that are ill at their Stomachs He adds And hot Water for as luke-warm makes lax the Stomach and causes Vomiting so hot Water strengthens the Stomach Therefore Plistonieus in Athenaeus to strengthen the Stomach orders Water to be drunk very warm in Winter especially and in Spring and cold in Summer And Celsus l. 4.
will be hindred if the Patient immediately after Meat Morning and Evening swallow 2 or 3 grains of Mastich whole or 1 scruple of juice of Wormwood condensed in Pills For things that heat the Stomach Fortis if they be taken before Meal hurt the Liver XXVII I have learned by Experience that green Wormwood worn within the Shoes amends the cold Intemperature of the Stomach with much benefit in the Noble Lord N. who declared openly and seriously affirmed Greg. Horstius that he found much benefit by treading upon it XXVIII I knew a Man who had a cold Stomach and an hot Liver and had very hot Plaisters and Unguents applied to the cartilago xyphoëides upon which he was taken with an Inflammation in his Liver and could hardly be cured of it If any one desire to enquire the cause let him look upon the Anatomy of the Liver for with its hollow side from the right to the left its covers almost the whole fore-part of the Stomach so that hot Medicines first come to the Substance of the Liver Fab. Hildanus before they come to the Stomach XXIX Wine taken in too great a quantity not fine nor exactly depurated from its Tartar and Lees is very hurtful both because by the continual and immoderate use of it the innate Heat is destroyed and Concoction is hindred in the Stomach especially of Flesh Mayerne de Arthritiâ—e which hardens in that liquor the Liver is hurt a sharp and serous Blood is bred the Brain and Nerves are weakned Catarrhs are caused c. XXX Never give an austere Wine to a dry Stomach for it hurts the substantial Moisture for which nothing is worse than Astringents which feed upon what Moisture there is Therefore in this case store of moist Things must be given Broths Milk almond Milk that the dried Coats may beextended when moistned and so may close well upon the rest of the Meat Saxonia XXXI There is a way fouâ—d whereby the noxious Vapor is taken from the Wine that is by letting it pass through a double glass Instrument the French call it Montevin This way also it is deprived of its superfluous Tartar that is by putting to it some Liquor that has a precipitating Virtue such as Oyl of Tartar by means whereof egre Wine grows sweet a solution of Litharge or Saccharum plumbi made with Vinegar a solution of calcined Crystal by frequent extinctions in Nettle water â—â—yerne and reverberations with acid Spirit of Turpentine XXXII When crudities are bred in the Stomach by reason of Surfeiting it is not advisable as many do to remove it by fasting but it is better the next day betimes to take some delectable food but in a small quantity for Nature being delighted at the approach of new food that is grateful undergoes the work more chearfully and turns what is good into aliment and separates what is bad and crude into excrement by the help of the expulsive faculty 〈◊〉 Wherefore many after a surfeit are taken with a Loosness XXXIII In some People only an heaviness like a Stone with shortness of Breathing show that there is slow concoction I tell such they may safely sleep after Dinner In others there is a certain â—â—â—ctuation or vibration or trembling or palpitation sometimes with sometimes without a rumbling in the Guts and with shortness of Breath â—â—ch may with much more reason sleep after Dinâ—â—r XXXIV Galen 3. de causis Symptom c. 1. shows that an acid corruption alwayes comes from a cold intemperature And 1. de loc aff 1. that a nidorous corruption when it comes from intemperature alwayes follows a hot intemperature yet both these corruptions are caused by external errors The acid indeed by excrements in their own nature acid as acid Phlegm acid Melancholy Or by Aliments offending either in quantity or quality In excess when they suffocate the native heat though it be strong In quality if they are either too cold and moist as thin Wines moist Fruits c. or when they easily putrefie as Milk Ptisan c. or when they are of an austere taste as Services and Medlars which by further concoction are changed into an acid taste And although Galen 7. Simpl c. 8. write that an austere is changed into an acid from encrease of moisture yet it cannot be denied but that the same may be done by excessive heat for he writeâ— that adust Melancholy is made acid by burning heat so in the Summer time austere fruits are turned acid by the heat of the Air. Gather from hence that corruption into an acid in the Stomach is not caused only one way nor by one cause And therefore Trallianus l. 7. c. 16. says well that a corruption to an acid is sometimes caused by a hot intemperature and cured by cooling things Therefore the turning of Milk or small Wine sowre which are moderately hot and do easily putrefie is not caused by a weak heat in the Stomach but by a very strong one which consumes the innate heat of the Milk or Ptisan or any such other Body The case is the same in a nidorous corruption for the meat is so corrupted either by the Aliment or Excrements By Excrements abounding or deficient The abundant are either Cholerick or Melancholick which by their heat bâ—rn the Aliment and turn it into a Nidor The defâ—ct of Humours is defect of Phlegm For Galen 3. de nat facult c. 7. when he mentions things that help concoction as Bile Heat Spirit reckons up the whole substance of the Stomach and Phlegm No man has declared how Phlegm helps concoction but this is my Opinion Concoction in the Stomach is a sort of Boyling this is not done without moisture therefore Phlegm conduces to Concoction as it is a moist matter whereby boyling is made therefore when this fails meats easily turn into a nidor Nor let any one say that Drink serves instead of Moisture for Sagacious Nature hath therefore made the Stomach the storehouse of Phlegm that if drink be wanting the Aliments may not be burnt which they may easily be if but a little in quantity or hot and dry as sharp and aromatick things or if they be sweet as things with Honey in them Saxonia fried things and the like XXXV They are deceived who think depraved concoction pituitous vomit sowre belchings and wind have only a cold cause for oftentimes an hot Liver causes these Symptomes because when this is hot the Stomach concocts badly Neither must cold and moisture be presently blamed nor must we after the manner of Empiricks presently fly to hot things But we must diligently search whether a cold or hot cause waste its strength that it may be opposed by a contrary Remedy When therefore a hot intemperature of the Liver is a cause of depraved concoction it must be opposed by things that cool and moisten the Liver whereto may be added things that strengthen the Stomach with a gentle astriction
the extreme parts strength may seem low at first yet that weakness is from oppression Rivâ—rius which requires evacuation and therefore cannot hinder bleeding LIII Purgatives are not approved of in this disease because they disturb the Humours and draw them to the part affected Yet Avicenna commends a decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of cassia dissolved in Endive water or Whey every day for a week because this purges by loosning not drawing takes off the acrimony and asswages pain But it is better in the beginning to abstain wholly from purging When the 7th day is over and some signs of concoction and declination appear Idem a Purge may be given of Infusion of Rheubarb LIV. Among Lenitives Câ—ssia may be convenient for an inflamed Stomach for though Galen 13. meth 11. disapprove of purgatives in such cases yet he would not have rejected Cassia Fortis if he had known it LV. The Advice of the Arabians must not be followed who apply to the Stomach not only Lettuce and Endive but Poppy juice actually cold Errors as I think not to be admitted for this so principal a part Saxonia and the store house of the whole body should not be so much cooled ¶ We have an excellent Remedy in Galen 12. meth 7. Drinking of cold water yea according to Trallianus a bladder half full of cold water or snow applied to the Stomach Which two Remedies notwithstanding must be used with a great deal of caution For one who was 40 years old being made very thirsty and lean by a hot and dry intemperature of his Stomach upon drinking a great deal of cold water left off being thirsty immediately grew better and digested well but his Gullet being over cooled killed him Gal. 7. meth 8. Therefore we must be careful how we use such Medicines for Benivenius has observed that a certain very cooling Plaster being applied to the Stomach did cause difficulty of Breathing Hickup and death at last Fortis ¶ Coolers must be such rather potentially than actually for things actually cold when the Stomach is inflamed shut the pores thicken the Humours Idem and settle the Blood in the inflamed part LVI We must also have a care of Opiates for after much use of them the Stomach is ever after all their life long weak and the mouth of the Stomach is very sensible and quickly hurt Heurnius They condense also by too much cooling Wherefore a Scirrhus follows an Inflammation LVII It is worth noting what Dodonaeus Obs Med. cap. 31. tells us of red Urine That such Urine is made not only in hot Diseases but oftentimes when the Stomach and the Liver are weakned and cooled by long Diseases And he relates a History of a Man Fifty years old who after a Quartan Ague fell into a Lientery for five Months and voided crude matter and no Fever remaining his Urine was very red But he had no regard to that but only to the crudity and to make provision for the Stomach and Liver which were weakned with the Quartan Ague he put him into a heating and drying course of Diet and gave most generous Wine For Medicines he gave Diagalanga Diatrionpipereon c. whereby he prevailed so far that the excrements appeared concocted and the colour of the Urine abated and was like a sound Man's But when the Patient thought himself well and privately drunk some Beer his Urine presently grew red again which plainly showed that Urine sometimes may be tinged by the crudity and coolness of the Stomach And when he abstained from Beer his Urine became again like a healthy Man's We may often observe this in practice especially in such as recover of Quartane Agues for they when they have eaten any thing hard of digestion often make such Urine which colour is not bloody but such as is in burning Fevers and it comes not from bile which does not abound but rather from a crude and gross Humour For if the Stomach be weak the sulphureous and grosser parts of the food are not separated in it and the guts and so voided by stool but pass into the blood and being separated from it in the Kidness tinge the blood with a red colour for Urine has not its tincture from bile only but from a red salt as we see Ly is tinged with an impure Salt Sennertus So in Scorbuticks the the Urine is not only red but shining afterwards letting fall a red sediment like to brick dust LVIII The famous Michael Ruccerus formerly took notice that heat of the Stomach called by the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which comes from a cold Humor and has been often cured by him with Treacle and generous Wine must be carefully distinguished from the burning of the mouth of the Stomach For he sayes that this which Galen 8. de composit Med. S. loc cap. 3. mentions by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 arises from violent hot Choler fixt in the coats of the Stomach and is very rare in Germany which he only saw once all his life time in a certain Nobleman and that he cured him by drinking cold water and Milk Paracelsus deriving the heat in the pit of the Heart or mouth of the Stomach from the effusion of Gall and Tartar omitting Purging affirms the pain is only to be asswaged which he endeavours to do with Henbane Poppy Mandrake and Darnel with Treacle He also gave Laudanum Opiatum with Amber Mace Sugar Candy and Mint water Velschius LIX A Nobleman after high drinking of Rhenish Wine was taken with a violent burning heat at his Stomach for several dayes so that though he was very hungry or thirsty yet he could neither eat nor drink without pain I perswaded him to take half a scruple of Sal prunellae dissolved in Elder water he did it and found ease and in process of time his heat was quite extinct and went away Another Nobleman complained as much of such a heat in his Stomach from the same cause I recommended to him the abovesaid Sal prunellae which had given several others present ease but with different success for his pain encreased to the hazard of his Life Being affrighted with this Symptome and considering that the heat arising from too much sharpness in the mouth of the Stomach might be encreased by the Salt Nitre when I found that Mucilage of Quince-seeds would do no good I gave half a drachm of Cream of Tartar and what was the effect A. Cnofelius Misc Cur. ann 1672. Obs 211. It had not been given a quarter of an hour but the pain was quite gone and so the Patient was saved to the admiration of several LX. Joh. Raymund Fortis consult 89. cent 2. propounds moistning with some attenuation Among externals there is no better Remedy than Milk especially Asses instead of which when it is apt to corrupt I usually apply 5 ounces of Mallow juice depurated But we must wholly
Also Emplastrum de baccis lauri is very effectual in expelling of Wind. â—â—â—nertus For Intemperature 1. In a cold intemperature of the Stomach I have long experienced this Plaster to be of wonderful virtue Take of Diachylum majus Pitch or Turpentine each 2 drachms Diarrhodon Abbatis 2 drachms as much Wax as is sufficient Make a Plaster and apply it to the Stomach ¶ Oyl of Fir Indian Balsame and oyl of Mastich are also wonderful good in a dry cause Mercatus 2. Crocus metallorum Absynthiacus is excellent good in all Diseases of the Stomach Mynsichr 3. In a hot and moist intemperature of the Stomach I have often with success used this Electuary of Steel Take of prepared Coriander half an ounce Species Diatrion Santalon 2 drachms Roses powdered 1 drachm prepared Steel 6 drachms Sugar dissolved in Rose water what is sufficient Mix them Make an Electuary 4. This is an effectual Cataplasm in a cold intemperature of the Stomach which Rhases ad Almansorem makes of Styraz Spike Wormwood Calamus Aromaticus and Mastich sprinkled with old Wine and juice of Quinces ¶ In an intemperature of the Stomach coming from thick bile when it sticks fast to the Coats of the Stomach there can scarce be a better Remedy than Hiera ¶ In a cold and moist intemperature the following water is good which is good for a weak Stomach purges it of slimy Humours cures a Cachexy and hinders the breeding of Worms Take of Gentian lesser Centaury each 3 ounces Galangal Cinnamon Mace Cloves each 1 ounce flowers of Sage St. John's-wort Rosemary each half an handful white Wine 4 pounds Sennertus Digest them 8 dayes and then destill them 5. Flowers of Roman Wormwood and tops of Melilot boyled in Wine and strained The Colature drunk is highly commended in a cold intemperature of the Stomach ¶ Syrup of Carduus Benedictus is reckoned a present Remedy in a cold and moist Stomach if taken warm in the Morning Weikardus Ventris Dolor or the Belly-ach See the Colick Book III. Vertigo or Swimming in the Head The Contents The Method of Cure I. Whether a Vein may be breathed II. A Vein may he breathed in the Fit III. What Vein must be bled IV. Sweating may do good V. Arteriotomy sometimes does good VI. Issues Setons Burnings when and where they are proper VII Cured by an Issue in the Leg. VIII Whether we may Purge IX We must use gentle things X. Vomits are good XI Errhina do no hurt XII When Repellents may be applied XIII What Posture of Body should be used XIV Medicines I. AN accidental Vertigo or any that is new is for the most part cured by Bleeding and Purging sometimes For the cure of one that is habitual and inveterate there are three Medical Intentions 1. When all the matter for the Disease to feed upon is taken away we must endeavour to preserve the Brain free from new afflux of Morbifick matter for which purpose when a right course of Diet is ordered sometimes bleeding and a gentle purge given frequently at intervals will be convenient Let a dry and airy place be chosen let immoderate and unseasonable sleep and study be avoided let him abstain from Mornings and Evenings draughts instead of the former let him drink Tea or Coffee made with a few leaves of Sage mixt with them let an Issue be made in the Leg or Arm and sometimes let the Haemorrhoid Veins be opened let the Party affected alwayes rise betimes and every Morning wash his Temples and Fore-head with cold water and rub it with a course cloth 2. The second Intention will be to take away the procatarctick causes wherefore we must endeavour both that the cacochymick Dyscrasie of the Blood and the weak and too lax constitution of the Brain may be amended For the First Medicines that are powerful alteratives as temperate Antiscorbuticks chalybeates and sometimes Spaw-waters or Whey are proper To which because of the latter thing indicated cephalick Medicines must alwayes be added such namely as are made of Coral Amber Man's skull Male Paeony root Misletoe Peacock's dung c. 3. The third Intention which is properly curatory takes away the conjunct cause which nevertheless when the procatarctick are removed usually ceases of it self For if the approach of all extraneous matter into the Brain be prevented there will nothing remain but pure Spirits which having got liberty and room enough within the callous body they disperse themselves thence every way However for this scope of cure we must give now and then Medicines endued with a volatil Salt whose very subtil and active particles recreate the Animal Spirits such as especially are spirit of Harts horn Soot Sal Ammoniac impregnated with Amber Mans Skull c. Tinctures of Coral Amber Antimony Elixir of Paeony and the like Moreover it may not be amiss to adumbrate the method of cure a little more particularly in showing what must be done upon account of the cure in the Paroxysm and what for preservation out of it 1. As for the first although the coming of the Vertigo how cruel soever it seems have for the most part no danger in it and goes often off of it self because the Patients think they will dye and do desire the aid of Medicine in such a case after a Clyster has been given let Blood if the Pulse indicate it Then apply a blister to the Neck and smell to strong things as Castor spirit or volatil Salt of Harts-horn Urine or Sal Ammoniack These Spirits also may be given twice or thrice a day with a convenient dose of Cephalick decoction at the hour of sleep take a bolus of Mithridate with powder of Castor The next day if the Disease be not gone let him take a gentle Purge Or if the Patient be enclined or easie to vomit let him take a Vomit than which there is scarce a better Remedy 2. And now we must consider what must be done out of the Fit for the cure of an inveterate and almost continual Vertigo Therefore when I have put the Patient in a course of Bleeding and Purgeing according to his constitution and strength it is my custome to advise him to take a Vomit once a Month if nothing contra-indicate For which end the weaker sâ—rt after they have stuffed their Stomachs with slippery meats may take 2 or 3 ounces of Wine or Oxymel of Squils and afterwards drink store of Carduus posset drink till they vomit Others may take a Vomit of Salt of Vitriol or Sulphur of Antimony or infusion of Crocus Metallorum As for Issues Blisters Bleeding the Haemorrhoids Plasters or Caps for the Head also Plasters to the Feet or Wrists for revulsion or derivation sake let the Physician consider whether they be needful And because all things agree not with all People the Physician must try divers Medicines and various Methods sometimes one sometimes another The Vertiginous may drink for their ordinary drink
Paeony water Rod. à Fonseca he will find no better Remedy F. Hofmannus 3. Three drachms of Seed of Columbine is good in a Vertigo 4. Van Helmont sayes he cured himself of a Vertigo with Sulphur of Vitriol 5. Silk worms dried and powdered and strewed on the Head Mercatus wonderfully strengthen the Head in a Vertigo 6. Marcellus has a Medicine which I have experienced Take Mysi and beat it to powder steep it in Vinegar and so steeped apply it in manner of a Cataplasm to the Temples and behind the Ears for it has an excellent virtue to disperse Vapors Mercurialis which cause a Vertigo Eustachius Rhudius 7. Some say that the juice of black Betes applied to the Temples quickly cures a Vertigo 8. In a Vertigo by Sympathy coming from an hot cause this is a most excellent Remedy Take of Fumitory 1 handful Dodder of Time 8 drachms Myrobalans citrine 2 drachms pulp of Tamarinds 1 drachm Endive Cichory Purslain each 1 handful Raisins 6 drachms let them boyl in a sufficient quantity of water to the expression add of juice of Quinces juice of unripe Grapes each 3 ounces pulp of Damascens boyled in the former decoction and passed through a sieve 1 pound Let them boyl to a moderate consistency then add of Cassia new drawn 6 ounces pulp of Tamarinds 3 ounces Species ditragacanth Santal each half a drachm Sugar what is sufficient Mix them and make an Electuary The Dose from half an ounce to 6 drachms every or every other day before Supper ¶ In a Vertigo caused by obstructions of the Brain this is an effectual Remedy Take of powder of Staves-acre 8 grains Mysi 1 drachm Pellitory of Spain 1 scruple yellow Wax 1 ounce Saxonia a little Sugar Make it into a Masticatory Vesicae Affectus or Diseases of the Bladder The Contents When it is full of Excrements whether we may purge I. In an Inflammation of it or the Kidneys what Vein should be first opened II. Whether Cupping-Glasses may be applied III. In the Vlcers of the Bladder how injections may be made IV. They must have but few astringents in them V. What such their matter should be VI. Cured by Spaw waters VII The efficacy of Balsame VIII Medicines 1. GAlen is reprehended by some because 7. method cap. ult he says that the Bladder is purged by the Guts if it be full of Humours For say they what other way is there from the Bladder to the Guts than by the Ureters Kidneys and a thousand Maeanders in the Veins But it were ridiculous to imagine purging by so many turnings and to leave the streight and common way Yet let not Galen be blamed who several times opens the causes of this transfusion and commends Hippocrates his judgment That all things have a common conflux and transpiration Do you think that the distribution of the Aliment is made only by wayes conspicuous But there are many parts which have no conspicuous wayes to them If any part be starved it snatches what it can get the Veins from the Arteries and these from the Veins by sweating through the pores of the Veins therefore the Guts may take from the Bladder and it from them When any part has a Humour fell into it out of pain or weakness does it not receive excrements from every hand In a Loosness of the Guts is it safe for the Bladder to abound with excrements which cannot commodiously be purged by their own way I think not for when this way is stopt they might come violently upon the Guts But if upon these occasions something may be transfused out of the Bladder into the Guts why may not something far more easily be drawn by the strength of the Medicine through the pores of the coats Galen 1. de fac nat sayes that if an earthen Vessel full of water be set in a heap of Wheat the Vessel will be drawn dry and so bulk and weight will be added to the Wheat and this is done by the Wheat 's drawing the moisture through the thick Vessel And how much a more powerful attractive vertue in all probability is there in Physick than in Wheat And how much more convenient is the Coat of the Bladder for transfusion than an earthen Vessel Which if it have nothing else it has wayes of drawing nutriment which very same ways may serve to draw a Medicine Wherefore by what ways the Bladder receives nourishment by the same it may remit the excrements wherewith it abounds But the Bladder does not receive nourishment by the Ureters which only carry Serum but by Veins and Arteries And if it be difficult to you how the juice that is extravasated in any cavity should be resumed into the Vessels I suppose it has not been your fortune as it was Galen's to cure the jaundice with once purging Vallesius or to evacuate the water between the Peritonaeum and the Guts by stool II. From one that was ill of an Inflammation in his Bladder I immediately took 3 ounces of very foul Blood from his right foot I bled him in the foot both because he had been let Blood in the Arm formerly for an Ague and also because Galen in several places orders Bleeding for parts ill above the Kidneys in the Arms for the parts below the Kidneys in the foot You will ask whether must we always let Blood in the foot for parts below I answer that when the body is very plethorick and strong and in the bginning of an Inflammation it is no absurdity to bleed in the Arm and then presently the same day in the foot for although Bleeding in the Arm be a great revulsive yet because it does it but slowly for it is far from the place affected Epiphanius Ferdinandus Hist 19. therefore I advise to let Blood first in the Arm and then the same day in the foot ¶ Riverius first orders the Basilic Vain to be opened twice thrice four times or oftner if there be strength sufficient till the fluxion cease which is known by the abating of the pain this revulsion being made he will have the lower Veins opened also for derivation ¶ Walaeus meth med 98. agrees with Ferdinandus In what place saith he must we bleed for revulsion sake whether near or at a distance My opinion is when the part affected is above the Heart it is convenient to bleed an upper Vein but if the place be below the Heart open a Vein below III. In an Inflammation of the Bladder Altimarus and Mercatus after Bleeding and Fomentations if they be not sufficient order a Cupping-glass with Scarification to be applied to the region of the Pubes Salius contradicts this fearing lest the Inflammation should be thereby exasperated But he need not fear it other things as well universals as topicks being premised Horstius For the matter being softned and prepared is by this means diminished by derivation IV. In Ulcers of the Bladder injections must not
When it was grown inveterate and could as it seemed be cured by no Remedies he came to me His Toe was swelled and inflamed On the outside of it there was an excrescence of Flesh as big as a Bean which covered almost half the Nail The Barber-Surgeons had several times wasted it away with causticks but to no purpose for whatever they wasted in the day it grew up again like a Mushrome in the Night I enquiring out the hindrances of cure found the Nail under this Flesh extuberant and separated from the Flesh underneath which therefore did prick the sound Flesh continually towards the root of the Nail caused pain and attracted the Humours plentifully When the cause was known I put the Patient in hope of a speedy cure Therefore having purged and bled him on the same side I strowed some burnt Alom powdered upon the excrescence of Flesh And I applied to his Toe and to his whole Foot a cooling and anodyne Cataplasm Take of Bean-flower 2 ounces powder of red Roses Pomegranate flowers and Cypress-nuts each 2 drachms Saffron half a scruple Boyl them in Plantain and Rose water and a little Vinegar Add towards the latter end the yolk of an Egg and a little Rose water Apply it warm With this the pain and swelling abated much the excrescence of the Flesh was a little wasted so that the Nail separated from the Flesh underneath which the excrescence of Flesh had covered came into sight I cut it away as carefully as I could with a Pen-knife and Scissers and when I had strewed on it a drying powder aad applied Diapalma plaster he quickly recovered Hence let Chirurgeons learn how much it concerns them Hildâ—â—â— to know the cause of a disease XLVI Frequently after the cure of an Ichor and a Meliceria we find the joynt so stiff and hard that it can be bended neither one way nor other Here oftentimes Chirurgeons labor a long time to mollify the joynt Ligaments and Nerves but in Vain for that Ichor which flows from the whole Body to the wounded joynt and has such acrimony corrodes and wasts first of all the ligaments and tendons which encompass the joynt and then the Cartilages which cover the joynt Hence it comes to pass that the Bones being divested of their Cartilages and Ligaments do as firmly grow together by a Callus which I was the first that observed as if there had never been a joynt there Idem XLVII Why is a full and a moist course of Diet bad for all Ulcers and a thin and dry one good Whether because a moist Diet makes the matter of the excrements more fluid for moisture is terminated by any thing but it self and driness by it self Or is it because moisture opens a passage for Moisture makes lax the passages which driness stops up And they flow especially when they are sharp and when the moisture of meat and drink abounds And a passage easily succeeds by these parts which of their own Nature are apt to receive the excrements of the whole Body Or is it because the Skin among all its other uses has this remarkable one to retain the Humours and Juices which run from within to the habit of the Body and to stop them as it were when otherwise they would easily run out and be discharged So therefore as the want of Skin is the cause why the serous Humour ouzes out it will be much more in sick Persons like as in Plants and Fruits when the bark of them is cut the useful Humour runs out so an Ulcer ceases not to run till it be crusted over nor does it cease running in Plants till the Cut close up Wherefore Hippocrates lib. de Vlceribus sayes The dry is next to the sound the dry is sound Or is it because of weakness for which the part does ill receive much adventitious moisture whether excrementitious or useful and wasts the moderate heat and is distempered so that it can neither concoct nor assimilate the same Wherefore it is said by Arnaldus doct 5. cap. 18. Aliment attracted and not incorporated turns to sanies and therefore superfluity of Aliment hurts wounded persons Or is it because by how much more aliment comes to the parts by so much more Excrements are bred And this being poured in plentifully infects and spoils the place Moreover Hippocrates writes l. de nat human that when an Ulcer cannot be healed of a long time Moisture is the cause of it It is necessary therefore that the whole Body be dry and that the part be dry for the agglutination of an Ulcer Or is it because an Ulcer that is moist by Nature is encreased by the accession of a moist diet as withered Plants when they are watred afresh grow green again But not only the Ulcer but the parts about it grow moist and stiff with an inflamed or some other Tumour without the soundness of which the Ulcer can neither dry nor heal These are Reasons sufficient to reject a moist Diet. Now a slender Diet is approved of in Ulcers as Eustachius Rhudius has observed to the end Nature may be more desirous to distribute that which is scarce sufficient for it self For an Empty Stomach attracts from all the parts round so as that by long consequence the circumference of the Body is emptied And that ill Humours may be corrected by Nature's constant evacuation of them which would be hindred and diverted by plenty of victuals Therefore Hippocrates lib. de locis p. 47. sayes Whatever Diseases turn to Vlcers and are eminent above the rest of the Body they must be cured by Medicines and Abstinence And a little after Proud and rising flesh must be brought down by Diet. But otherwise when the Bodies of ulcerous Persons abound Cacochymy they will find huge inconvenience from a full and moist Diet. For 2 aph 9. Impure bodies the more you nourish them the more you hurt them Wherefore I use to say Severinus that by a spare Diet much mischief which would ensue is retrived XLVIII If you would clearly know how hurtful an ill course of Diet is for Ulcers I will propound to your consideration the evidence and experience of Apparencies which have informed me when the Patient has been any way irregular For the Sores continue a long time and sometimes putrid and fungous caruncles breed in the Ulcer sometimes callosities and other filth and tumors grow in them sometimes there is a troublesome pain and sometimes an Inflammation about the part and an internal one too To say nothing how ill sometimes the Ulcer looks and what a strange colour and stench sometimes uses to follow The Patient must needs suffer these and such like things who indulges his Appetite and crams his Gut and has no command of himself On the contrary he that can rule himself and his Appetite will both quickly be cured and will feel none of those things I have spoken of For as Celsus l. 2. c. 16. sayes Nothing
odoriferous sweet meat XVI It often arises from the Obstruction of the Arteries of the Spleen and then the use of Martial Spaws is good The Wife of Consul N. 39 years old her Menses flowing well complained of her being troubled with vomiting every day either before Dinner or Supper with a dull pain in her left Hypochondrium Head-ache and a great anxiety of Heart Various humors were brought up by Vomiting First of all she was Vomited then Purged and outwardly strengthning Balsams were applied but all in vain Frid. Hofmannus At length she recovered upon taking Martial Spaw-waters in a Decoction of Apples XVII A strong Man otherwise well enough had of a long time been ill of frequent Vomiting he often used to cast up immediately what he had eaten At length being above all Remedies the Disease grew to that pass that he eat with a good Appetite till the Oesophagus was full to his mouth and then nothing getting into his Stomach he immediately Vomited up what he had eaten crude When therefore he was every day in danger of perishing I made him an Instrument like a rod of Whale-bone with a button of Sponge fastned to the end of it The Patient presently after he had eaten and drunk thrust the food down into the asophagus having opened the Mouth of the Stomach which would otherwise have restagnated And he has taken his food every day these 16 years by the help of it and yet uses the same Instrument Undoubtedly in this case the Mouth of the Stomach being alwayes shut either by a Tumour or a Palsy will admit nothing into the Stomach Willis unless it be forced open with violence XVIII In a most violent Vomiting let 3 grains of Laudanum and 2 scruples and an half of Pil. coch be given The Vomiting will stop and five hours after the Patient will purge downwards A pretty large quantity of Purgatives is given because the Purgative virtue is infringed by the Laudanum Riverius l. 9. c. 7. which must therefore be mixt with diagrydiates and colocynthiates XIX Because Plasters operate slowly Unguents or Liniments or Inunctions must be made upon which we strew powders adding a good quantity of Vinegar All Inunctions must be made in the beginning with hot things in the end with cold for all hot and cold things are astringent the warm are laxative and we must anoynt without much rubbing but only fomenting it lightly for all agitation or motion about the Mouth of the Stomach provokes to Vomit Rondeletius XX. Plasters above any other forms of Topical Medicines should in this case be applied to the Stomach Platerus lest by rubbing the Stomach with Oyntments Vomiting be sometimes caused XXI When the Stomach utterly refuses Medicines which must of necessity be used before you give the Patient any thing apply such a Plaster Take Oyl of Mastich Quinces each half an ounce crust of baked Bread steeped 2 hours in strong Vinegar 2 ounces Spodium Mastich Mint red Coral prepared Sanders white and red each 1 drachm Barly flower what is sufficient to make them up Dolorifick ligatures of the extreme parts are good and a dry Cupping-glass applied to the bottom of the Stomach Crato XXII Vomiting is cured by Vomits if the strength be good which very thing Hippocrates lib. de Loc. confirms because the cause of the Vomiting is carried off So a certain Soldier was taken with a burning Fever and vomited up whatever he took to whom on the fifth day when he asked my advice I gave him half a drachm of Sal Martis in Beer pretty warm after which he cast up a load of vitious Humours and then he kept well whatever he took Thus is it confirmed that Vomiting is cured by a Vomit Such Symptomatical Vomits often proceed from Humours that irritate the Stomach Frid. Hofmanâ—us yet the Vomits must be such as have an Astriction and strengthen the Stomach XXIII According to Avicenna's advice let not them that Vomit eat till they be very hungry XXIV In a Symptomatick Vomiting the conjunct cause is either in the Stomach which produces this Idiopathick affection or being fixt in other parts it causes Spasms in them and by communication by the Nerves emetick perturbations in the Stomach as it happens in Fits of the Stone Colick Mother in the Vertigo and other Diseases the cure of such a Sympathick Vomiting depends on the cure of the primary Disease And the emetick matter residing in the Stomach is either poured into it from some where else or is bred there through defect or depravation of concoction In either case the present load must first be discharged and then all further product of it must be prevented Therefore that the impure filth of the viscous matter may be cleared from the Stomach a gentle vomit may be given with Carduus posset drink or Oxymel or Wine of Squills or with a Decoction of Camomil flowers or Agrimony roots or a Solution of Salt of Vitriol or the like Then the remainder of the matter must be carried off by Clysters or Purging with Pilul Mastich Stomach cum gum or Tinctura Sacra or a gentle Infusion of Rheubarb Moreover since the impure or rancid Blood does often afford a new stock of incongruous matter either by the Arteries or Choledochal Vessels and breeds an emetick disposition Phlebotomy often does good And therefore the Vomiting of Women with Child is often cured by this means See Tit. Praegnant BOOK XIV Furthermore those things are proper which temper the Blood so that adust recrements are not bred in them Therefore drinking of Whey Medical Waters Juices of Herbs Sal Prunellae and the like in as much as they put the Blood in fusion and carry the recrements another way do often remove this vomitive disposition Such Medicines will also be of use if frequent and dayly vomiting proceed from the meeting and strife of the bilary Humour and the pancreatick juices and their regurgitation into the Stomach Willis XXV The Vomiting is more frequent and difficult of cure which proceeds from some incongruous matter bred within the Stomach in as much namely as all that is eaten degenerates into an irritative putrilage because of the vitiated ferment of this part Wherefore in this case after the filth of the Stomach is cleansed by gentle evacuaters Medicines vulgarly called Digestives are of use which according as the fermentative juice of the Stomach is for the most part of a saline nature sometimes of a Sulphureous and is in a various state of fixity fluidity or adustion are various and sometimes one sometimes another does good In Belching and an acid Vomit the following Medicines may be tried and the method may be taken from the juvantia Take of Pulvis Ari Compositus 1 ounce and an half Salt of Wormwood 2 drachms Sugar of Roses 3 drachms Make a powder Give 1 drachm of it morning and at 5 a Clock in the Afternoon in a draught of Beer boyled with
vertebra A barber-Surgeon would cure it with Emplastrum Sticticum but quickly of a very broad wound it became a narrow fistula deep and exceeding painfull Idem IV. Some admit of vulnerary Potions only in those wounded parts to which they can reach as in the Gullet Stomach Guts where in a manner they serve instead of Applications but in external parts they reject them First because there is no mention of them in the Writings of the Ancients Secondly because of their distance they can never come to the Limbs and Head Thirdly because among the Medicines whereof they are made there are both hot and opening things as Betony Speed-well Carduus Benedictus c. and astringent things as Comfrey Wintergreen Horsetail Tormentil c. so that it is not evident of what faculty they ought to consist Fourthly because most of them are astringent they will do more harm by obstructing the Bowels than they can do good Indeed it must not be denied that little mâ—ntion is made of these Medicines among the ancient Physicians but this is not sufficient to reject them for the Moderns have found out many usefull Medicines which were unknown to the Ancients And though they do not touch the wound as topical medicines do yet they may reach to the wound by the Veins Neither because of the astringent virtue that some of them have need we fear that therefore we cannot reach to the out parts or that they will breed obstructions in the inwards for this inconvenience may be avoided by the mixture of other things with them which have an opening vertue Nor then are the vertues of all Medicines to be esteemed from the first qualities or those that depend upon them but from their specifick qualities which Experience alone suggests These Potions sayes Paraeus lib. 18. c. 28. though they do not purge noxious Humours by stool yet they are very effectual in cleansing of Ulcers and preserving them from the filth of excrementitious Humours in purifying the Blood and in cleansing it from all Ichores and impurities in knitting broken bones and restoring the Nerves to unity And by and by These Medicines by their admirable and almost Divine vertue so purge the Blood that by it as by a fit and laudable matter flesh or any other substance that is lost may readily be restored and the part recover its pristine unity And the thing that these Medicines do is to wast the exceeding moisture of the Blood which is not so fit for glutination to afford good matter for the generation of flesh and by moderate astriction to hinder any fluxion to the wounded part Sennertus V. But although such Potions do wonders yet great Symptomes and especially Dropsies of the Limbs do follow the unseasonable use of a traumatick decoction For since from some plants it has a great vertue of drying binding and agglutinating and from others and from the wine which is its vehicle of heating It is evident that it is then improper when we should attend suppuration and digestion which is thereby hindred and kept back moreover the Blood and Humours are heated and pains and Inflammations arise But when the wound is digested and suppurated sufficiently and free from all Symptomes when there is place for abstersion mundification and consolidation then they become a good Medicine It must also be observed that because they greatly bind and dry they are very bad for such as are ill of obstructions of the Bowels for by the same virtue they retain the excrementitious Humours in the Bowels hence Gripes hypochondriack winds and a thousand other inconveniences arise Wherefore the Body must be prepared before the use of them VI. Caesar Magatus l. 1. de vulner c. 38. and Septalius following him l. 8. Animad Med. disapprove of the old way of curing wounds used hitherto by all Physicians and Surgeons who every day at least once do cleanse and wipe them and when they have applied new Medicines bind them up again And they blame Galen that passing by the indication of most moment he was only intent upon the lesser that is abstersion of the excrements and filth the cause that breeds them being neglected and all care of conserving the temperament and innate heat of the part Which and the strength of the part if they be taken care of they think there will be a far less increase of excrements And they think the heat of it will be cherisht and strength will be added to it if it be hindred from expiring and its quality be preserved Which they think they are able to obtain by making up the defect of a natural covering with a Medicine analogous and familiar to the temper of the part by means whereof the heat may be cherished and its quality may be helped by its like Whence they gather that for to defend this heat wounds must be seldom opened lest the ambient Air do hurt them But since the same Persons confess that most grievous wounds have been cured by the old way of cure and they cannot deny but this new one has only place in simple wounds and where the wounded party is of a good habit of Body where great Vessels are not hurt and the Nerves are whole Besides there are many wounds by their own confession which Nature is not able to cure unless the impediments be removed by a Surgeon as if the Body be Cacochymick whence comes great store of excrements which cause Pain Corruption of the Part Inflammation Worms proud flesh and the like Finally since the exceptions exceed the rule which very rarely allow the use of this new way we must insist upon the old one approved for many ages VII Some reject the use of Tents in wounds 1. Because they need not be used to keep open the orifice of the wound when it is always open whether the Physician will or no nor to make the Medicines stick to the sides of the wound seeing they may be so melted as conveniently to be dropt in 2. They are troublesome to the part therefore Nature alwayes endeavours to expell them 3. They cause pains whence come new fluxions 4. when they are full with bad Humours they hurt the wounded part And they hinder evacuation of the Pus which being kept in grows worse 5. Hippocrates and Galen are silent concerning them On the contrary they seem necessary 1. That the orifice of the Wound may be kept open and that there may be a passage for the Pus 2. That the Medicines may touch the wound every way and reach to the bottom 3. That the upper part may be hindred from closing before the bottom of the wound be filled For a decision we must know that in wounds which are superficiary streight and that breed little pus they are not necessary nor should the cure of the wound be retarded by putting them in But if the wound be deep oblique and if much pus be bred they are altogether necessary that a passage
close it with a hot Iron If it lye deep in fill the Wound with this Medicine Take of Bole Armenick 4 drachms Mastich Frankincense Aloes each 1 drachm Mix them all with the white of an Egg. If by these things you cannot obtain your desire have recourse to red hot Instruments For you will obtain your end quicker safer and with less hurt than with Caustick Medicines which create much pain for many hours after which sometimes the stopt flux comes anew to stop which the red hot Iron has not so much virtue after caustick Medicines are applied as before the use of them because the crust made by them is no small impediment to it But to do the work with a red hot Iron requires a Man skilled in Anatomy who knows well the Site and Position of the Veins Botallus c. 15. See BOOK VIII Haemorrhagia XXXIII When a Wound is made in the Head by a Shot the Wound arises not only by way of Puncture but also by way of Caesure and Contusion for the Bullet pierces by Contusion and it dissolves and tears the natural union of the Parts whereby the Cranium is chiefly affected especially if armed with a Helmet Therefore a Wound in the Head and Contusion both will either be in the external Parts only as in the skin and Pericranium or with hurt of the Bone and of the internal Parts also If the skin only be wounded and the Pericranium with the skin let the Wound be cured as wounds in a fleshy part Yet this must be observed if in the Wound we see the Pericranium is much hurt and swelled the Wound must immediately be dilated making incision in the Pericranium and separating it from the Skull For by this means it never putrefies nor does matter gather upon the Skull and the Wound is sooner healed But if there be only a Contusion in the skin without a Wound then apply to a whole skin something that has a virtue to dissolve digest exsiccate strengthen Plazzonus and ease Pain XXXIV We must observe this perpetually if we perceive the Bone is hurt or laid bare or if we fear the inner Parts are hurt presently the Skull must be laid bare the hurt skin must be cut and it must be divided from the Pericranium and the Skull For the skin does easily heal though it be cut off needlesly as Celsus says Lib. 8. Cap. 4. For we must totally make bare the Skull that we may scrape it and perforate it or when there is a fracture Idem take it out if there be occasion XXXV When we must trepan the Skull all delay is dangerous Therefore we must not trepan it only the first second third or fourth day whether to raise or to take out a Bone but the seventh eighth ninth tenth or eleventh or any of the following dayes if the case require it For we need not here as the unskilful do fear any critical dayes Critical dayes must be observed in Wounds only for the Prognostick not for the cure Indeed in Fevers and other Diseases which Nature her self alone oftentimes uses to overcome they must be observed both for Prognostick and Cure But in this case no salubrious work can be expected from Nature For she never trepans nor raises what is deprest and sticks except in young Children Botallus XXXVI Although drying Medicines be commended in every wound newly made either by puncture or caesure yet that place of Galen 6. Meth. in fine who prescribes things they call Cephalicks presently and to the end of Illyrian Orrice flower of bitter Vetch Manna Aristolochia bark of Allheal Root and things that exterge without biting has mis-led many For what else do the ignorant common sort of Surgeons bolstering themselves up with this opinion but clog the wound with this powder What Nature I pray is so strong as to be able to endure so inept using of any Medicine I do not say indeed that the Medicine is pernitious in its own Nature but because it is ignorantly used for being so applied it dries more than it should yea it wastes the very flesh and sometimes heats the Brain beyond measure so that I have seen some people dy I suppose rather for such a cause than for any harm received in the internal parts from the weapon when no noxious Symptome in them had gone before and they were better every day than other for the first seven or eleven dayes while they committed themselves to country Barbers without the excessive use of Cephalicks as these wonder-working Surgeons use to boast But leaving off the first and other people being called who put too high a Value upon this Cephalick powder and other Medicines they call Capital quickly more grievous Symptomes followed which killed the Patient I would often open the heads of such bodies that it might be known whether there were any latent injury from any wound namely whether there were clotted Blood or an inward Fracture or any such thing in whom nothing was found besides Pus gathered under the Membrane made of the proper substance of the Brain corrupted Which did certainly show that the Remedies were more to be blamed than the greatness of the wound Idem when it was manifest the Patients were observant of orders XXXVII Galen sayes well in the place before quoted Those Bones saith he which are violently broken whether they be severed from the sound or be yet after a sort conjoyned must alwayes be removed Especially if such be with the wound of the Skin We make this distinction because we do not allow that Bones may be taken out in every fracture of the Skull or external Ulcer Nor must all they that are with a wound as Galen sayes be followed to the very end of the fracture as some foolish Surgeons do who that they may come to the utmost end of every fracture make an exceeding large and a more mortal wound in the carnous part now I call it a carnous part Idem whatever is contained on the outside of the Cranium XXXVIII Contusions of the Cranium are some of them with fracture others without fracture and some of these with a Wound of the Skin others without But when the Contusion or Fracture are without a Wound indeed the Surgeons business is doubtful namely Whether he should divide the Skin and lay open the Bone or insist rather upon dissolution and exsiccation without section Though this be an arduous question some may think it trivial and presently decide it for Cutting for the reasons following namely because contused Wounds putrefy because Blood gathered in the place of Contusion and extravasated it is called an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it also is corrupted and because many other mischiefs usually follow To say nothing here of the Pain from extension and the mischief arising from the compression of the contused Bone But the Reasons which maintain the contrary opinion are not enervous namely Because those contusions and fractures
the modus of the substance from the various texture of the Parts in the Blood which as was said are nothing else but the products of the Disease or matter whose departures from a natural estate are easily reparable but we admit also occult qualities which are made of ferments that our Soul uses for the performing of its actions which are such accidents as are immediately in the subject whose they are and on which they immediately depend and with which they are transmuted Thus for instance it is impossible that Acid or Bitter or Salt or other qualities contained in the mass of Blood should be changed and not their subjects changed withal on which they depend as on ferments and in which they are as accidents Hence Hippocrates lib. de prisc med uses not so much the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 alteration as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 mixture and coction by means whereof what is distemper'd is to be restored Whence also it will much concern a Physician to know in the first place from what principles or ferments such qualities are immediately raised and then how one is to be changed into another as for example how from an acid a sweet may be made or of a sweet an acid from a bitter and acid a sowr from an insipid a Salt from a malignant a benign c. For he that knows this shall easily correct the preternatural ferments of these qualities that arise by departing from others in an undue quantity quality and motion or when by their fermentative vertues they either invade those of a contrary Nature that are join'd with them or snatch along with them those that they meet with like themselves or they themselves where they are either overcome by more powerful or draw weaker to themselves do put on divers Natures In a state of health many things are incorporated with us and subdued which if they be not they degenerate into filth they violate the vital principle by changing the ferments of the parts whence the Archeus is disturbed diversly and the vital oeconomy prejudic'd As therefore the said Qualities are not to be defined by the first qualities only as bare accidents of diseases and morbifick causes but are furnished rather with Hippocrates's 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or powers so neither do altering Medicines themselves simply partake of an elementary nature but there lie hid in them other noble and occult qualities by which in their whole substance and appropriation they are contrary to this or that disease whence we should not have regard only to hot or cold c. but also to Acid Salt Bitter and other occult and foreign powers resulting from the ferments whereby man is affected and if it may be we should search out Specifick simple Remedies for all diseases Wherefore seeing Hippocrates teaches that distempers happen to a man a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from the powers and by them understands the efficacies and vertues of the juices let us see how we can invent Remedies that are fitly opposite to them and are furnished also with their powers or Specifick ferments If therefore there be a malignant fever and the Blood do thence too much effervesce through the febrile and poisonous ferment such altering Remedies surely are to be used as not only fix and precipitate the febrile ferment but also withal resist its malignity and are Alexipharmack Hitherto of the formal cause of Alteration its Efficient cause is next to be inquired and we determin it to be the fermental heat of the Viscera that by the help of altering Medicines which also have their ferments subdues the morbifick matter transmutes it and in due manner afterwards expels it for if the vertue of this fermental heat and its Balsamick saltness by chance be altered or suppressed or otherwise become weak being changed increased or restored by the said Alteratives it can easily afterwards subdue and conquer the vitious matter that is make it so fluid that it may afterwards be thrown off without difficulty Therefore we must inquire how alterative Medicines as to their internal vertues and their very Nature and substance are with respect both to the ferments of the Viscera and also to the morbifick causes and Archeus Now we must know that Alteratives perform their Offices by qualities either manifest or occult The manifest operate by means of a certain Precipitation taken largely only as it denotes dissolution and such a disposition as is not procured without a previous destruction of the morbifick ferments the natural ones being restored by the ferments of the Medicines a taming of the Humours produced by fierce ferments a division of the continuous and heterogeneous a segregation of the contiguous and on the contrary a congregation of the homogeneous lastly without a strengthning of the whole Nature For the furious ferments of the Humours being destroyed and extinct and the fierceness of those things produced thereby being mitigated the activity and vertue of the Natural ferments that before was languid being assisted by the ferments of the altering Medicins do emerge again as it were by promoting the subduing of the morbifick matter so that the fierceness of the turgescency being in a due manner plainly depos'd by precipitation the matter can easily afterwards be cast off either sensibly by stool or Urine or sweat or insensibly whence Nature recovers her strength again which before was discomposed and oppressed for the Humours themselves as such are not always the causes of diseases but some malignant ferment in them and naughty disposition of the Humours which even in a very little quantity has great vertue and if this ferment be extinguished and this quality removed the diseases cease Sernert de c. d. c. 25. For we think that all progress almost of diseases is owing to some vitious rise of ferments for these either springing in the viscera appointed for chylification and sanguification or being carried to the whole mass of Blood and other parts under the cover and shew of aliments what tragedies do they raise what Stirs but now the extinguishing of these presently in the bud gives a joyful hope of health Apoplexies Epilepsies want of appetite crudities c. proceed from the corrupt ferments of the digestions and when the mass of Blood is sometimes too much exalted boils in the Vessels and Fevers of divers kinds and natures are kindled thence this sometimes proceeds from febrile ferments but sometimes the febrile ferments themselves are the products of a spontaneous effervescence of the Blood The reason why an acetous and sowr disposition is often induced on the Blood such as is in the Scorbutical Hydropical Cachectical and those that labour of other Chronical diseases is the acid and Saline nature of the ferments and in the destroying of these consists the whole reason of the cure whilst these last the diseases continue and because of these Purgings and Bleeding only are to no purpose for the Patients are
kindly warmth may on this manner be continued for some while and so affect and demulce for some continuance the pained part Or fat things all of which do this unless something hinder their Application so the common Anodyne Ointment consists of meer fats so the yelks of Eggs are deservedly reckon'd among these Anodynes I say all fats are good for this and it is all one almost which you take for there is hardly a farthing to chuse III. 2. By Medicines repelling and hindring the afflux of humours which as the former demulce so do these dull the sense of the Part Hither belong all that are actually and potentially cold as for instance Tract de Nive Bartholin relates that the Colick was cured by applying ice for the heat is thereby concentred and the consequent irritation and intension of the Pain remits IV. 3. By digesting Remedies which have a gentle vertue of heating and discussing and strengthen the Native heat and procure the dissipation of the viscous matter through the opened Pores and these are properly Paregorick V. Hither belong in specie Nervine Medicines which by their Balsamick vertue are grateful to the Brain and demulce the Part and take away the preternatural acrimony whether they be spirituous thus Pains are often driven away only by Brandy or Vrinous so Spirit of Sal Armoniack either by it self or with Spirit of Wine eases Pains so the Spirit of Hartshorn the volatil Spirit of Earth-worms and the like do greatly asswage Pains of the Nervous or Membranous Parts or mixts such as our renouned Nervine Liniment of Aqua Magnanimitatis the volatil-Spirit of Earth-worms and of Hartshorn or Armoniack conjunctly And these indeed are good in Pains of all sorts yet not after one manner nor for all Parts VI. Thus the spirituous and digesting the less fat and the middle sort of Emollients are more profitable to the membranous Parts and Joynts So Emollients are more convenient where the ways are to be loosened withal as in the Stone and in Inflammations that tend to Suppuration digesting and spirituous where we would discuss more So Repellers are more convenient in safe and dry places as the Head but less in the soft and moist as the Breasts Seeing therefore there is a great latitude of these Anodynes are to be discriminated well and varied according to the nature of the Parts and Diseases in which very thing a Physician differs from Mountebanks and the vulgar who whilst they would do good do a great deal more hurt But we must note for the Explication of these things VII That Opium is more convenient inwardly than outwardly not but that it may be applied this latter way but because it chiefly respects the cause it is generally used the former And if it be used as a Topick it acts no otherwise than by demulcing digesting and mollifying and by communicating part of its Effluvia to the Blood but the rest that we have reckoned up are rather applied outwardly VIII Narcoticks except the actually cold being applied outwardly take not away the sense of the Part they repel not but discuss mollifie and digest for that hypothesis of the Ancients was false that determin'd Narcoticks to be cold and that by the application of them the sense of the Part is intercepted taken away and dies which is against Experience for Opium being applied and worn for twenty four hours or more is so far from taking away the sense that it rather mollifies Hence Henbane being boiled with Milk does greatly asswage scorbutical Pains but it does it chiefly with its mollifying and digesting vertue in like manner we have seen a Plaster of Henbane very much to help Pains to discuss and promote Suppuration as there was occasion There is the same reason of Hemlock whence it is vainly objected by some that the use of the Plaster of Hemlock is not safe in a Scirrhus of the Spleen because it rather congeles Therefore that Hypothesis is to be turn'd out of the Medical Court and yet it is not to be denied that a Sulphur which they call Narcotick is found in these very Medicines which is communicated to the Blood partly even in outward application IX External Narcoticks and Anodynes that asswage Pain do also by accident procure sleep but except those of Poppy they are not equally used for procuring sleep but Opiats do both For where Pains cause watchings when those are removed these also by the same means are taken away But it is unlawful to give Hemlock Henbane or Mandrake inwardly for they contain a Sulphur that is impure indigested inimical to Nature not kindly Now to internal X. Anodynes and Narcoticks differ only in degree but neither all Anodynes nor all Narcoticks are Hypnoticks For the binding of the sense which is properly called Narcosis or stupefaction if it be meant of inward Medicines is owing to the binding of the Animal Spirits so that they do not flow into the Parts but are detained by a Narcotick vapour as by a band so that internal Anodynes by increasing the Dose may be made Narcoticks and on the contrary XI Yet there are some Anodynes that are not equally Narcoticks such as do indeed mitigate the acrimony of the Humours and take away the Pains that depend thereupon and by accident also sometimes procure sleep but they cause not sleep by a primary intention as for instance the Anodyne Sulphurs commonly called Narcotick of Metals and Minerals such as lodges in native Cinnabar of which I have seen some notable Effects that the aking of the Teeth Head and other Nervous Parts has been stopped thereby whence Cinnabarines are good in all great Pains as taking away the tension and twitching of the genus membranosum and absorbing and precipitating the acrimony if there be any and so they are most convenient in the Gout Pleurisie Stone c. XII That the manner of the action of somniferous Medicines in specie or of these Narcoticks in general and especially of Opiats may appear the more clearly we say that it consists not in a Salt nor a Mercury but in a Sulphur and that 1. indeed kindly and 2. easily resoluble I say in a Sulphur which is clear in the Inflammability fatness smell c. of Opium Saffron and the like also from the Oil which it is easie to draw from them by Distillation and that kindly that we may remove all those from internal use that are not endued with such an one but an immature indigested fetid one or one that is inimical to Nature notwithstanding that these very things by this very Sulphur are apt to induce sleep yea death and easily resoluble both in it self and also in respect to the Body In it self inasmuch as such Medicines have withal either a volatil Salt as Opium Saffron whence arises their resolution in the Stomach or Exhalation and their quicker evaporation and easie communication to the Blood or a watry vehicle as Emulsions Brandy for it is very well
IX The way to make a Fontanel in the Coronal suture X. Those Issues are best that are made by excision XI Whether is best to make them with an actual or a potential Cautery XII We must proceed warily in the application of a Potential Cautery XIII We must take heed of mistaking the place where the Caustick should be applied XIV How deep the Caustick should eat XV. It must not be applied to a weak Part. XVI Issues must not be made in Persons that have a very ill habit of Body XVII Whether they cause Barrenness XVIII They are not to be rashly dried up XIX Why they sometimes run nothing XX. How their Operation is to be helpt XXI A supervening tumour not to be ascribed to the mistake of the Physician XXII Let not Causticks be made of Astringents XXIII Those Issues that break out of their own accord are not to be stopt XXIV If the Body be foul apply not a Caustick XXV A Compendious way of making a Seton XXVI When we make it we must take heed of hurting the Tendons XXVII It is best making a Seton with an heated Instrument XXVIII In Children it is to be preferr'd before an Issue in the Neck XXIX Whether a Seton is to be made lengthwayes or breadthwayes XXX Let not the ligature upon Issues in the Arm be too strait XXXI The best Issues are in the Thigh if convenient Ligature can be made XXXII The Profitableness of Inustions XXXIII The difference of them according to the different intention XXXIV How the Arabians make their Inustions XXXV Whether Inustions of the Abdomen that were in use amongst the Ancients be to be approved XXXVI There is a Cautery without Pain XXXVII I. FOntanels as well as Vesicatories drain out whatsoever Humours are fixed within the Skin though in a less compass or that are drawn through it both from the Blood-Vessels and Nerves But they do not only like Vesicatories proritate and milk as it were the outer surface of the Skin but by perforating the Skin also they convey outwards all that exsudes from the sides of the hole by the broken vessels and that also which is sliding from other places under the bottom of the hole Wherefore there flow to Fontanels or Issues not only those Humours that are heaped up within the Pores of the Skin or the Glands or which are sent thither by the Arteries and Nerves but moreover the serous Excrements under the Skin that use to creep from place to place by the interstices of the Muscles and Membranes do from every hand tend towards them and find an exit by them Besides an Issue being placed in the way anticipates the Morbifick Humours that are wont to be carried to other Parts that were before weak and long afflicted and so frees sometimes one Part sometimes another from their incurse and like a Bulwark defends them from the Enemy Hence the matter whether Arthritick or Nephritick or Colical yea sometimes the Paralytick or otherwise the Scorbutick as it passes out of its Fountains to its nests or diseased Parts is often intercepted by Issues and so is carried out with the escaping of the usual invasions of the Disease This Emissary or Outlet also like water-furrows made to drain the ouziness of the Earth does by little and little drain out the Humours that are setled in any part or region of the Body and are there doing harm and so they either prevent or cure a morbid Disposition Willis II. From these various ways of helping whereby Issues are wont in general to profit it is easily gathered for what Diseases they are chiefly requisite for though there be almost no Disease to which this Remedy is either hurtful or unprofitable yet it seems more necessary in some cases than in others It is commonly prescribed for almost all Diseases of the Head both internal and external for the Convulsive motions of Infants and Children for their Ophthalmie and strumous Tumours Nor is this Remedy in less repute for Diseases of the Breast as also for those of the lower Belly Nor is there any Gouty or Cachectical Person but has his Skin as full of holes as a Lamprey But truly this Remedy howsoever profitable and benign of it self is not agreeable to all For there are two sorts of Men who although they were diseased may be excused from Fontanels inasmuch namely as this Emissary evacuates too much in some and in others less than it ought and in the mean time is very painful 1. It is not convenient when it too much evacuates or spends the moisture or spirits I have observed in some that an Issue made in any Part of the Body pours out an ichor immoderate in quantity and vicious for quality out of it namely very frequently if not always there ouzes in great plenty a watry thin and stinking Humour often colouring the Pease and Coverings black and by the too great efflux hereof the Strength and Flesh are wasted The reason whereof seems to be that in some who have their Blood and Humours ill disposed when a Solution of continuity is made and hindred from healing it shortly turns into a stinking and ill favour'd Ulcer the sides whereof put on the nature of a corruptive acid Ferment whereby namely the Portions of the Blood that are continually driven thither are so tainted and dissolved that the Serum having its Sulphur loosned and being imbued with other defilements is rejected of the Veins and so issues plentifully out there Moreover this corruptive taint of the Issue being communicated to the Blood doth in some sort deprave its whole mass and thereby as also through the too great loss of the serous Humour renders it at least less nutritious And from the Sulphur of the Blood 's being dissolved on the sides of the Issue and flowing out with the Serum does the ichor that flows oâ—t stink so and blacken the Linnen Sometimes the Fontanel pouring out no immoderate quantity of ichor does yet unduly consume the Spirits and Strength which indeed is known by the Effect and sometimes only a Posteriori inasmuch namely as some while they have one or more Issues open continue languid and lean but these being stopt they presently become more brisk and fleshy Moreover 't is a vulgar observation that many upon having an Issue made near their Head have been taken with some defect and weakness of Sight so that they have been forced to close it again presently which seems therefore to happen because where the store of Spirits is small and their consistence very thin small expences of them or of the juice out of which they are bred if so be they be constant are hardly born But 2. Fontanels as also Vesicatories are forbidden some or are warily prescribed on another and indeed a different regard namely because when they evacuate almost little or nothing they vex and pain very much the place in which they are made For such as being of a Cholerick or otherwise
with Scarification for taking away a Plethora in the beginnings of Diseases for they cannot supply the place of Venesection as appears 1. Because the small extremities of the Veins and Arteries of the scarified part do not satisfie an universal evacuation Rolfinc meth gen part p. 393. and 2. They evacuate only the thinner Blood the thicker being left behind II. Vulgar Physicians now a days fearing the use of Cupping-glasses and never using to apply them but in those that are ready to dye and that can by no means be recalled have made that Remedy infamous whereas Hippocrates used them frequently and perhaps as often as Venesection as also in most pains and in others in whom evacuation is only designed as in those who have had falls But what is it they are so much afraid of Left say they Humours should be drawn from all about into that part upon which 't is fixed But Hippocrates speaking of one that had a pain in his Hip says that upon fastning a Cupping-glass upon the Hip the pain fell down into his Leg and he grew better So far is it from drawing always to the part it is fastend upon What therefore did the Cupping glass thrust down the matter in this Man No indeed for how could it but drawing it from the depth to the skin and digesting it it gave Nature an opportunity to thrust it down the more easily Is it a small matter for the Cupping-glass to draw from the part affected that lies deep to the Skin unless it call the Humours thither from all about Cannot the part that was preternaturally distended be evacuated but as much must be received from otherwhere Cannot the parts subside Certainly they are greatly deceived for there is no presenter Remedy in all great pains nor any that will sooner cause the matter to depart out of the part affected into some more ignoble Hippocr as we may see lib. de med used many and those differing in shape according to the diversity of pains Valles l. 4. Epid. namely for pains that are situated deep to make a great and strong attraction there is need of the strait mouthed but of wider for pains that are spread as it were through the Skin As for my own part 't is seldom but I use Cupping-glasses either with Scarification or without when any parts are pained Idem sect 6. lib. 2 â—â—id and the pain yields not to general evacuation as they call it III. We must fasten the Cupping-glass after such evacuation of the whole Body has preceeded as the Disease requires and the Patient can endure for we must neither come in the first place to any Remedy that resolves powerfully nor yet must we tarry so long till the whole Body be emptied and juiceless as most Physicians do at this day who think no evacuation almost enough in order to the evacuation by the Cupping-glass but we must consider how urgent the passion of the part is And as we administer resolving Medicines to the Body that is begun to be evacuated and stay not alway till the evacuation be ended so when the passion is urgent Cupping-glasses are often to be interposed amongst evacuations that the Disease which cannot tarry for the whole evacuation seeing 't is needful to divide it may be Remedied by using Venesection and Cupping-glasses by turns For where the Body is not very full or it is not the first invasion of the fluxion we need not suspect that the traction will be so great that the fluxion should be moved or encreased from the whole Body upon the part affected for it will be enough if it be drawn from the internal seat of the pain to the Skin For to fasten them upon the Hypochondres is not to fasten them upon the Liver Spleen nor is the fastning of them upon the hypogastrium the fastning of them upon the Bladder or or Womb nor if one fix them upon the Loins does he fix them upon the Kidneys for there are the Muscles and many other things between them But if after Cupping-glasses have been applied the pain and affluxion shall return again what will hinder to derive again from thence by letting Blood For in other cures Idem ibid. when we have some way satisfied the urgency we return to the legitimate indications that arise from the causes IV. We must note that if upon removing the Cupping-glass even although the Skin be cut yet the place still appear lifted up and tumid we must apply it again otherwise it might come to pass Rub. in c. 11. l. 2. Celsi which sometimes happens that the Blood drawn and driven thither might cause an Inflammation and sometimes beget a Gangrene V. The Story of a Courtier in Hildanus makes it plain that the application of a Cupping glass upon the region of the Liver is dangerous This Man bleeding much at the Nose l. 2. de morb l. 2. de affect the Surgeon fasten'd Cupping-glasses upon the region of his Liver whereupon it inflam'd and was very hardly Remedied VI. Hippocrates in the Quinsie fastens them upon the second vertebra of the Neck then upon the Head being first shaved and near the Ear on either side In the Inflammation of the Vvula he applies them behind on the shaved Head with Scarification In pains of the Ears he fastens them behind the Ears without incision only that they may draw All which must be done seasonably and with reason for being applied to the Head unseasonably they breed Lethargies and stupors of the Body and mind and if the Patient escape these he falls into some continued Disease of the Head as is delivered by Aetius Serm. 3. c. 20. and Rubeus in c. 11. l. 2. Celsi An aged Woman labouring under an inveterate Head-ach and Dimness of sight having while her Body was foul and unpurged caused Cupping glasses to be applied was shortly after taken with a Palsie of her Arms however she recovered but with much adoe A Potter being distemper'd in like manner Fab. Hildanus Cent. 5. obs 71. upon the application of them fell into a Palsie but could never be cured VII The Wife of N. having her Terms stopt for three Months was reckoned by all to be with Child betwixt whiles crying out she complained of a great pain about her Praecordia and a great difficulty of Breathing many things being administred against Hysterical fits for Fourteen dayes These profiting little I commanded the Saphoena of both Ankles to be opened to revel the Blood from the oppressed Praecordia but the attraction of it towards the upper Parts was so great that there flow'd not above an ounce by this passage that was opened in the Feet Wherefore rhe Surgeon fixed six dry Cupping-glasses on each Thigh and being so fasten'd he drew them from the uppermost part of the Thigh down to the Knee in the evening he repeated the application and traction of them so often till the inside of her Thighs appeared very
Hysterical fits and other convulsive ones they are but seldom to be given and not without caution and the advice of a skilful Physician But in a cruel Head-ach Catarrhs Colick Pleurisie ordinary Fevers Vomiting Dysenterie fits of the Stone or Gout and in all pains whatsoever Opiats are not only allowed but we have recourse to them as to Divine panacea's III. And as often as we intend to make use of them we must also consider in what tenour the Animal Spirits over which dominion they preside are for if being fewer or oppressed they already flag and do not spread their sails enough certainly they ought not to be further lessened and cast down by Opiats Wherefore if so be the Animal faculties be not vigorous both as to sense and discourse or do not exert themselves briskly enough or when the pulse and respiration have the turns of their reciprocations but weak or swifter or also flower then usual hindred and unequal or lastly if a numbness and enervation shall seize upon the membres and motive parts with an unwonted languor we must wholly refrain from any hypnotick Medicine But we shall not stick to use them if they are indicated in the greater Diseases and if withal the Animal Spirits be strong enough in these and other respects or become too much expanded or immoderately fierce and outragious IV. Yet the state of the Blood and Humours is not to be neglected in the mean time because sometimes their naughty condition does wholly forbid Opiats or suffers them not to be used unless sparingly and with some restriction The Blood does contraindicate their use when it offends either in its quantity or in its quality or crasis As to the former it either abounds or is defective and in both respects it hinders Narcotick Remedies For first if at any time the Blood being turgid through plenty and withal boiling in a Fever do greatly distend the Vessels and so the heart greatly labour to drive it most quickly about lest it stagnate or overflow any where by a very swift repetition of its systole's truly in such case to give a Narcotick to hinder that labour and endeavour of the heart without which life could not be maintain'd were the part rather of a poisoner than a Physician wherefore in a Plethora bleeding ought always to be premised before the use of Opiats Secondly nor is there fear of less mischief from Narcoticks as often as they are given in defect or penury of the Blood as after great hemorrhagies long fasting or long-continued sickness because seeing the rivulet of the Blood is but small and through its smallness hardly continuous lest its flowing be interrupted and therefore cease the heart by beating very swiftly as with doubled endeavours strives to drive it about most quickly Hence it is obvious to conceive how great harm Opiats do which put a stop to this endeavour of the heart that is then chiefly necessary Indeed for this reason it seems to be that we forbid sleep to women presently after Child-birth when their lochia flow plentifully or to any persons after a large letting of Blood or great hemorrhagies namely lest the Spirits being recalled in sleeping leave the heart so destitute that it cannot quickly enough drive about the lessened stream of Blood Moreover sometimes the Blood offending in its quality or crasis contraindicates the use of Opiats because whilst in a Cacochymie or Fever the Blood being very full of recrements ought to be agitated with a greater endeavour of the heart and to be more quickly circulated namely that the heterogeneous particles may be subjugated and soon evaporate the intervening operation of a Narcotick stops these attempts of the heart and therefore hinders the lustration or clearing of the Blood and sometimes frustrates it As to those other recrementitious Humours that use to be heaped up within the Stomach and intestins 't is fitting that these also should be withdrawn purged forth by vomit or stool before an Opiat be given for otherwise being fixed there they will stick the more stubbornly because the Splanchnick fibres being stupefied by the Medicine are not so irritated as before nor do easily enter upon or briskly perform their excretory Spasms for expelling these recrements Willis Pharmac Rat. part 1. wherefore according to the old precept if any thing be to be evacuated evacuate it before you give Narcotick Medicines V. We must observe concerning Narcoticks 1. that Anodynes are always to be used before them for seeing they make the Spirits sluggish often induce a stupor drousiness difficulty of Breath and sometimes death it self there is need of great caution in giving of them 2. They are not to be used before general Remedies 3. It is safer first to apply them outwardly and to see whether their use suffice before they be given inwardly 4. We must mark whether the faculties can sustain the Disease so long as till the cause of watching or pain can be taken away by ordinary Remedies nor must we come to them till the Patient be in some danger from want of sleep or pain 5. According to Sennertus l. 1. p. 2. cap. 1. Pract. If the faculties be not very much dejected by the Disease but only begin to be in danger through pain or want of sleep then is it safe to give Opiats when other things profit not But if the Patient be not only in danger through want of sleep and pain but the faculties are already dejected even by the Disease it self so that 't is doubted in a manner of the life of the Patient then they are not easily to be given Frider. Hofman m. m. lib. 2. c. 4. because they hasten death and bring on a perpetual slumber VI. Their daily and too frequent use is to be avoided lest whilst we try to ease pain we introduce another Distemper or lessen the Concoction of the Stomach For I my self have observed this to be true Idem ibid. that they hinder the concoction of the Stomach for they blunt its fermental Spirit so that it cannot exert its fermenting vertue whence follow Cardialgiae weight and compressions of the Stomach with anguish VII Let them be banished in the beginning of a Paroxysm or also when a crisis is at hand for the endeavour and motion of Nature is inverted by them whilst the natural heat is suffocated and the febrile heat is hindred from being expanded and the morbifick matter from being expelled VIII Their use after Blood-letting is very hurtful because the Members being then languishing and almost insensible a deadly Hemorrhagie may easily arise See an example in Borellus Cent. 4. Obs 57. IX They are to be given after the meat is past off the Stomach and three hours before eating again lest concoction be disturbed yet if there be great necessity they may be administred even an hour after Supper Idem p. m. 438. the vapours of the meat more easily carrying their somniferous and anodyne vertue to the
Brain X. When an over large quantity of Opiats has been given Platerus bids us take a Lenient but that has no effect to any purpose Wallaeus sayes indeed that 't is best to give a strong Purgative but there is fear it should not work because of the restraint that is put upon the motion of the Humours by the Narcotick Helmonts advice pleases me who does very well conquer the harms and prejudices of Opiats by Lixivials in Duumvirat p. 245. § 31. XI Physicians commit such excesses as in several other sorts of Remedies so especially in those that are called Anodyne which are made of the juice of Poppy Henbane Seed or the root of Mandrake or Styrax or some such like for some to gratifie their Patients exceed due measure in the use of these Medicines and some that are unseasonably and immoderately wayward in wholly abstaining from their use suffer their Patients to be killed with pains Therefore as in every both habit and action of a mans whole life so here also we embrace that counsel of the wise Man who said Ne quid Nimis do nothing too much because if we may do what we wish in using Remedies to cure the Disease we must abstain from Medicines that cause sleep but if through want of sleep and resolution of the faculties the Patient be in danger of dying then indeed you may seasonably use such Medicines being not ignorant that the habit of the Body is somewhat hurt by them Gal. 12. m. m. c. 1. but that that hurt is rather to be chosen than Death XII Let not the dose be too large we should stop pain and not overwhelm Crude Opium causeth convulsions and swoonings it ought therefore to be given corrected either in Laudanum Opiatum or in Treacle they give this latter from half a drachm to one or two drachms Some women every eighth day are troubled with a great Head-ach whence by degrees Treacle becomes familiar to them so that they ascend from half a drachm to six drachms which no wise man ought to imitate Let the Physician be content with half or a whole drachm The lowest and usual dose of Opium is one grain or two a great dose three or four grains too great five or six grains These things require an experienced and prudent Physician In cold Diseases or Bodies we give less of Opiats than in hot Walaeus m. m. p. 153. Hydoprical persons die with giving one grain of Opium XIII Laudanum sometimes produces divers and contrary operations though by accident for while it allays pains and procures sleep the natural heat recurs which was dispersed through the vehemence of pain and want of sleep to the inner parts of the Body whence the Patient does by and by so gather strength that all the faculties are intirely restored as it were and the Expulsive expells what its troublesome inimicous to Nature which will be manifest by the following instance Having once happily cut an intestinal rupture in a Child ten months old and the wound was now ready to be skinned over behold he is suddenly taken with great gripings in his Belly so that he cried night and day Not knowing the cause which his parents concealed I used in the mean time the necessary Remedies and at length when his strength begun to fail I gave him a grain of Laudanum with a little confectio Alkermes in milk That night he rested well enough the following day an Ecchymosis or extravasation of Blood begun to break forth in the sound groin which by little and little seized upon the Hip and spread it self to the Knee and even to the Foot yet from that time the pains and gripings of the Belly were lessened and when three days after Fabr. Hild. Cent. 5. Obs 60. I had given the same potion again they wholly ceased but the Ecchymosis seised also upon the other Thigh Loins and os sacrum from which he was shortly freed XIV We must have a care how we use them in a simple hot intemperies Heurn Meth. l. 3. c. 13. where there is no morbifick matter XV. Idem l. 2. c. 7. Sennert l. 3. pract part 2. s 2. c. 2. And where thick and glutinous juices abound let soporiferous Medicines be least thought of if the Patient be in no danger XVI When too great a quantity of Opium has been administred 't is best to give a strong purgative for so the thickned Humours are attenuated Nor need you fear super-purgation for that is never caused in this case Two Physicians were accused of being the cause of a mans death one by a strong purgative had caused a super-purgation which the other desiring to stop gave a Narcotick Wal. m. m. p. 194. whereupon the Patient died ¶ If any dulness or other harm seem to be brought upon the Brain correct it by washing with a decoction of the leaves of Betony Mallows and Chamomel flowers And if the Patient sleep more profoundly and longer than is expected Sennert ubi supra hold to the Nose a Sponge or rag wet with the sharpest vinegar XVII Assoon as the pain is appeased and the Patient lies still let them be forthwith removed Heurnius l. 2. c. 7. lest a cold intemperies follow an hot one XVIII We shall learn by these tokens when to abstain from Narcoticks 1. When the Patient feeleth not so much heat pricking and pain in the part affected as before 2. When to the judgment of the touch the part appeareth cooler than it was 3. Pareus lib. 6. c. 13. When the fiery red colour begins to grow livid and black by degrees XIX Note that Narcoticks applied outwardly obtain not alwayes the desired effect or do cause danger Therefore Mnesidemus in Dioscor gave Opium to smell to and Rhasis put it into the Ears which yet is suspected seeing it is an adversary to hearing For if 1. they be applied to the Forehead and be not often renewed they grow hot there and heat the Head the more whereupon Sleep is rather driven away than invited 2. The Forehead bone is solid dense and further removed from the Brain than the other Bones whence their vertue reacheth not thither If they be applied to the Coronal suture they exert their vertue indeed but they will be injurious to the Brain most of which lies thereunder XX. It is worth nothing that Hofman l. de Med. offic has observed that Flower-de-luce procures Sleep not by a Narcotick vertue but a vaporous substance such as also Saffron Myrrh c. consist of And they do this in cold and moist bodies not in the hot and dry for when in these the native heat cannot raise up vapours to the head these hot things help it and by breeding vapours procure sleep XXI I remember that Mich. Neucrantzius a very famous Practitioner being against the preposterous use of hypnoticks in old men with good success mingled the Species of Diambra and Diamoscha with Electuaries made of
answer In the preparation many parts of the Vitriol are separated from the Spirit whence we cannot observe all the effects in the Spirit that are seen in the Vitriol intire and some may be seen in the first that are not taken notice of in the latter Vitriol vomits the Spirit stays vomiting So Sulphur is inflammable its Spirit not so yea it rather resisteth a flame The Spirit of Vitriol hath an eroding faculty if given alone but that is common to it with other Liquors as Vinegar the juice of Citron c. Your Acidulae or Mineral Waters are drunk with profit that have their vertue from Vitriolick Spirits It is safely given in convenient Liquors It s hotness is corrected while its particles are severed by a mixture with Water or other Liquors in that proportion that an hundred particles or atoms of Water are mixed with ten or twelve of the Spirit 2. The Medicine was not known to Antiquity yea * x. m. c. 2. 11. c. 9. Galen suspects the use of Vitriolate waters in putrid Fevers because being applied to the Skin they both cause an astriction of its pores and too much heat the Body Answ We must not therefore reject it because it was not known to Antiquity Galen disallows of the external use of Vitriolate Waters because they constringe the Skin 3. He says there are safer Medicines Answ The Spirit of Vitriol is safer if it be taken in a due quantity That it has done good in Fevers there are innumerable witnesses few say that it has done â—urt It does not as yet appear that there are safer Medicines 4. The too great astriction that was in the Vitriol is also in the oyl now astringents do harm in putrid Fevers Answ The astriction in the Spirit is not so great as to do harm there rather seems to be none in it all acids do not astringe yea they attenuate deterge take away obstructions loosen the Belly it cures the flux of the Belly not by binding but by strengthning and condensating there proceed indeed effects from densation that are like to astriction but are not astringents and acids are different But suppose it astringe there is no danger from thence for the inciding attenuating and opening parts are by far the more powerful 5. Viâ—riol is poyson according to Dioscorides Answ It is Poyson in a large sense in which all things that kill by their quantity are called deleteries c. Rolfinc Ep. de febr c. 136. where more objections are made ¶ Spirit of Vitriol being given indecently and too long puts on the nature rather of a Poyson than a Medicine Being added to Humours that boil already enough of themselves just as if you mix this Spirit with the Gall of some Animal Rolfinc cons 2. l. 4. p. 405. it causes greater disturbance and procures a quicker ascent of vapours XXIV Chymists make Universal and general Digestives of Tartar as 1. It s cream and Crystals 2. The magistery of Tartar vitriolate 3. Misiura simplex But these are not truly such it is safer to rank them in the number of particular Digestives They are not good in a bilious Cacochymie and for salt sowr and acrimonious humours In those they may increase the ebullition and do harm They are more profitable for a simple cacochymical melancholy but not so good for a Pontick and Acrimonious which has the seeds of fire in it As much as they avail to incide thickness so much they irritate fervid and adust humours and hurt by inflaming Rolfinc meth gener c. p. 477. They are in some sort good for phlegmatick humors XXV The Cream and Crystal of Tartar absterge incide thick and tartareous Humours open obstructions and loosen the Belly and either of them is a pleasant Medicine if a drachm thereof be given in the broth of flesh or in boyled water with a little butter in it with three four or five grains of Diagridium or extract of Scammony it will give the liquor a somewhat acid taste The Crystals are not so acid nor so diuretick as the Cream and therefore they are safelier given when the body is not purged Sennert Epist 28. cent 1. the dose is from a scruple to a drachm XXVI As to the Crystal of Tartar let the younger Physicians note that it is of greater efficacy than is commonly believed seeing we seldome make use of it in our practice through the carelesness of Apothecaries and deceit of Pseudochymists or those common distillers that sell chymical Medicines to Apothecaries none whereof almost is sincere but all adulterate The carelesness of Apothecaries is for the most part so great that they chuse rather to buy the Crystal of Tartar of those distillers than make it themselves though no preparation of Medicines in the whole art be easier because it is sold them at a low price whereas it would stand them dearer to make it Now the cheat lies in this that those Impostors put in their decoctions but a little Tartar and a great deal of Alum not that Tartar is dearer than Alum but because Tartar yields but a little quantity of Crystals whereas Alum will all of it run into them Hereby are Physicians disappointed of their end seeing Alum is indued with an astringent vertue that is contrary to the opening faculty that is desired by them And another hurt is done this Medicine that this sort of Crystals is drawn out by decoctions made in Brass pots whereby the malignant quality of the Brass is imprinted upon the Medicine For it is a very well known and vulgar precept of pharmacy that acids be not boyled in brass vessels because they easily penetrate and draw a certain tincture from the brass that is very hurtful But the Crystals of Tartar are very acid and by some are named Acidum Tartari And yet this errour is very commonly committed even by the Apothecaries themselves for almost all that make these Crystals with their own hands use brass vessels so that I have seen some Apothecaries have Crystals of Tartar of a Sea-green colour from the Verdegriese that had been drawn from the Vessel wherein they had been made Therefore Physicians will consult for their own conscience for their esteem and the health of their Patients if they make Apothecaries make the crystal of Tartar with their own hand and in Glass Iron or earthen Vessels River pract l. 11. c. 4. XXVII Though I leave every one to his own judgment and experience in the use of Tartar yet by long use I have found that there is more of an opening and loosening faculty in Tartar it self than in its cream or crystals drawn by the solicitous hands and thoughts of Chymists seeing in boiling and by so many washings its purgative vertue that rests chiefly in its earthy and saline parts does most of it vanish inâ—o the thin air I prescribe opening herbs that are defin'd for the Spleen or Liver to be boiled in pottage
out of the Pores and Glandules of the Skin partly out of the mouths of the Arteries and partly out of the ends of the nervous Fibres perhaps out of the mouths of the Veins a little of that juice that is newly received into them but it does not seem that much can be sent back again 1. The Skin which consists of a double coat very porous and is likewise thick beset with very numerous Glands with fat also with the ends of the Vessels and Fibres that terminate in it and are variously woven with one another wherefore when the cuticle is taken off by a Vesicatory and the true Skin lies bare the nervous Fibres being twitched do constringe and wring the Glandules and Pores so that the serous Humour contained in them both is plentifully squeezed forth Moreover seeing the Pores open one into another the serum flows not only out of the blistered Part but sometimes a portion of the Serum coming from the neighbouring Parts succeeds in the Pores that were first emptied and then by and by issues forth Wherefore in the Dropsie called Anasarca Blisters raised by a Vesicatory drain the water from all about in great plenty and draw it forth from all the neighbourhood yea sometimes from afar 2. The mouths of the Arteries about the blistered Part being uncovered and twitched do not only spue out that portion of Serum that is accustomably brought to them but the serous Humour being through the whole mass of Blood imbued with the Stimuli of the Medicine is thenceforward separated more plentifully from the Blood and every time it circulates with the Blood a greater quantity of it is cast off by the same mouth of the Arteries being continually irritated Moreover together with the serum sent thus from the whole mass of Blood to the Blisters other Recrements and sometimes the morbifick matter it self do plentifully separate therefrom also and are sent off through the same Emissaries and this is the reason why in malignant Fevers yea in all putrid ones that have difficult Crises when the Recrements and Corruptions of the Blood being unfit for excretion threaten the Heart or Brain Vesicatories which continually and by degrees drain them forth do often notably relieve To which add that the same do moreover alter and restore the Blood degenerous or depraved as to its Salts yea by opening or subtilizing its compages dispose it to an eucrasie Wherefore this kind of Remedy is often very profitable not only in a febrile state of the Blood but also when it is otherwise vitious or cacochymical 3. That Vesicatories do evacuate a certain Humour out of the Nerves and nervous fibres and therefore profit in Spasmodick or Convulsive Maladies is witnessed both by Reason and Experience For I have shewn in another place that the liquor that waters the Brain and genus nervosum does sometimes abound with heterogeneous Particles Moreover it appears by frequent and familiar Observation that the impurities and recrements of that liquor together with a watry latex do sometimes of their own accord upon the arising of a fluor sweat out of the Nerves and nervous Fibres and either restagnating into the mass of Blood are carried off by Urine or Sweat or being deposited into the Cavities of the viscera are sent forth by Vomit or Stool Wherefore when by the application of a Vesicatory the extremities of the Nerves and nervous Fibres are any where laid bare and are greatly irritated presently the Humour that flows in their extremities is spued out yea and therefore the whole latex though seated a great way off in their Ducts is both freed from its stagnation and withal the heterogeneous Particles mixt with that nervous latex being every where agitated and derived from the Brain do by degrees glide towards the newly open'd Emissary Willis and at length are sent out II. From what has been said we may gather for the curing of what Diseases this kind of Remedy is chiefly profitable for through the evacuation that it makes out of the Pores and Glandules of the Skin as often as a serous salt acrimonious or otherwise mischievous Humour is collected in these Parts or in their neighbourhood and being excluded from the circulation of the Blood sticks pertinaciously there there is certainly no readier or easier way of draining it forth than by applying a Vesicatory above or below the Part affected Wherefore a Vesicatory is not only indicated by an Anasarca and by all defilements or eruptions of the Skin whatsoever but moreover is required in Pains whether arthritical or scorbutical fixed any where in the outer habit of the Body or in any member 2. In respect of the Blood which wants both to be leisurely cleared from any heterogeneous and morbifick matter and also to be alter'd from its too acid or salt or otherwise vitiated condition into a right temper Vesicatories are always made use of in malignant Fevers yea they are of excellent use in all putrid malignant Fevers and which are of a difficult Crisis Therefore likewise in the Scurvy Leucophlegmatia Green-sickness and also in every other Cacochymie is this kind of Remedy very profitable Moreover Vesicatories are applied with good effect not only for amending of the Blood it self but also as often as it being depraved does impart its corruptions to other Parts and so is the first cause of Diseases in the Head Breast Belly or Members and raises their Paroxysms Wherefore in Head achs Vertigo or sleepy Distempers this is a common and vulgar Remedy and no less in a Catarrh and any defluxion whether into the Eyes Nose Palate or Lungs does every one even of the vulgar without advising with a Physician prescribe Cantharides for himself as a revulsory Remedy I confess that many times when I have been taken with a cruel Cough with a great deal of thick Phlegm to which I am originally subject I have been helped by nothing more than by Vesicatories and therefore I am wont while the Disease is strong upon me first to apply Blisters upon the vertebrae of the Neck when those are healed up then behind the Ears and afterwards if it shall seem needful upon the Shoulder-blades for so the serous illuvies issuing out of the too much loosened compages of the Blood is derived from the Lungs and moreover the mixture of the Blood in regard its irregular Salts are destroyed by this means does sooner recover its Crasis 3. In respect of the Humour which is to be evacuated or derived out of the genus nervosum and the Brain it self Epispasticks as they are of very common use so they are often wont to give the greatest relief in sleepy Convulsive and painful Diseases Was ever any taken with a Lethargy Apoplexy or Epilepsie but presently those about him claw'd his Skin off with Cantharides I have successfully applied large Vesicatories in several Parts of the Body at once in strange Convulsive motions and now and then changing their places have continued repeating
so that a great part of the crassa meninx and the motion of the Brain might very well be seen yet the Patient recovered but after the Ulcer was cured and cicatrized the motion of the Brain might then be observed Nevertheless I would advise no Surgeon to undertake the Cure of so great Corruption at his own peril But if the corruption be little the Bone must be taken out with a Trepan or scraped the Ulcer cleansed and the Body fluxed as in the Pox yet there must be a less quantity of Quick-silver Chalmetaeus Enchir. p. 85. For a Talpa with the corruption of the Bone must be cured as the corruption of the Bone in the Pox. XXV A Nobleman had a Ganglium grew in his right Groin by little and little as big as a Child's head He advised with Physicians and Surgeons who tell him of the danger of Bleeding of a Gangrene and Lameness He chose rather to dye than endure it any longer unfit for Arms or Wedlock The Lump was cut about in an Oval line from the Groin to the Scrotum then at the Membrane a little of the Tumor was cut off and by degrees the Skin which was under the Swelling was separated towards the root the Veins and Arteries as they were laid bare were tied for fear of an Haemorrhage The Lump was pulled out with its Coat glandulous white without any Blood or Flesh within easily separable from its root As the Wound was healing he had a Fever bitterness in his Mouth filthy Matter pain in the other Groin Hollerius but he was cured by a Purge XXVI Fungi very often grow from the Membranes of the Brain yet they grow also in divers other parts of the Body because of the vast conflux of Humors from the whole Body and that through Natures great Providence as Hildanus cent 2. Obs 19. sayes For since nothing is a greater Enemy to the Nerves than the injury of the Air especially if it be cold Nature which is ever intent upon the conservation of the individual covers the nervous and membranous Parts when wounded and laid bare with this sort of Excrescence lest the Nerves should be hurt by the Air while the Wound is in curing And their Cure must be begun by drying and finished by Erosion or Excision Drying Medicines in the beginning are safer than Eroding or Septick ones For these in Wounds of the head hasten death and in Wounds of the Limbs cause Pain Inflammations and other most grievous Symptomes And seeing out of Nature's great beneficence this Excrescencie is produced for the Patient 's good it must not be consumed at the very beginning till the Nerves and membranous Parts be sufficiently covered with Flesh that they can no more be hurt by external injuries When the Pain Inflammation and other Symptomes are abated if the fungous Excrescence fall not it must be depressed by Dryers of which rank are root of round Birthwort Florentine Orrice Angelica leaves of Savine Rosemary c. When these things have been applied for some dayes if the Fungus abate not but grow up in the Flesh it must be cured by eating things as burnt Allum burnt Vitriol Mercury precipitate strewing on the Powder and then applying a Cataplasm Or a Ligature may be made and it may be cut off either with a corrosive Thread or with a Knife Which when done Hofmannus the Powders of the said drying things may be strewed on XXVII One had for some Months a Swelling rising upon the right side of his Forehead with a broad basis as big as a Hazle-Nut of the same colour with the Skin soft and as it were puft up it grew of it self when it was pressed with the Finger it gave way and suddenly rose into the same shape again without Pain yet it was not observed to be moveable this way or the other nor did it increase And because I thought it was one of those Tumors which are more easily extirpated with the Knife than dissolved by Medicines I order the Skin to be cut obliquely with a sharp Penknife As soon as it was done no Blood but a very little limpid Humor like the vittreous one of the Eye ran out It fell upon the Patients right hand and he affirmed it was very hot Praecipitate was immediately put into the Wound and other things put after to hinder Inflammation and when it was opened the next day the Bladder was taken out and the Wound was within a few dayes so dextrously healed that there was not the least sign of a Scar left behind Thus we may easily prevent things in the beginning which if neglected till they grow old will scarce give way at all to any Remedies And no question but this Tumor J. Rhodius Cent. 1. Obs 29. if it had been let alone would have turn'd at length into a Meliceris or Steatoma when the Mucus had grown thick by delay XXVIII If there be a swelling in the Cheek let the Physician have a care that it break not for so that Seat of Beauty might be deformed by a Scar However because oftentimes dissipaters ripen and ripeners dissipate by reason of their likeness in qualities it may so happen that Suppuration may come contrary to the intention of the Physician When therefore it is made let him draw the peccant Matter by proper Medicines to the inside of the Mouth or to the commissure of the Jaws which is by the Chin. Hofmannus For Women will sooner endure their Lips to be cut than to have a Scar in their Cheeks XXIX Dioscorides writes that the swelling of the Paps is abated by applying Hemlock which experience testifies to be true Although Dodoneus disapproves of such a Remedy because of the malignant and poysonous nature of this Herb Riolanus which being applied to the Paps may hurt the Heart XXX Steatomata and several Abscesses are often bred in the Omentum because great store of Fat and Glands is found here So the Mesentery both of it self and because of plenty of Glands is very subject to Inflammation Tumors and Corruption Because these Diseases are difficultly distinguished one from another they require an experienced Physician We may say the same of the Pancreas and Spleen In the mean time I shall communicate this Plaster the efficacy whereof in curing the Tumors of the said Part I have often experienced Take of Gum Carranna Barbette Ammoniac each 1 drachm Mercury killed with Turpentine half an ounce Mix them Make a Plaster XXXI We must proceed gently and gradually in cutting or pulling out axillary Tumors for while we draw and separate the Tumor with Pincers or any other way the Muscles that serve for respiration are contracted also hence an interception of Breathing As soon as ever this is observed we must desist a little from the Operation till they have gathered strength also Cold and very repercutient things must by no means be applied to these Parts Fabr. Hildanus lest
the Matter be repelled to the Pleura or other Parts and there cause Inflammations XXXII An Infant about eight Months old was ill of a Swelling in his Groin which when I was intreated by the Parents to bring to a Suppuration after divers sorts of Medicines had been tried before I observed that one Stone lay in the Groin by the same token that the other was alone in the Cod on the other side and therefore I advised them afterward to abstain from all Medidicines for it was not a Tumor but a stone which afterwards in 7 or 8 Months time slipt down into the Cod and so there was no need of cutting it Marchetti Obs 58. which a Barber was going to do XXXIII Swellings in the Knee are very dangerous and difficult to cure for want of Muscles and great store of Ligaments Tendons and Bones being Parts that are of a cold and dry Nature and unable sufficiently to disperse Humidity Therefore it is necessary to give help as soon as can be by hot means Yea if there be any signs of Suppuration the Abscess must be opened at the very first time lest otherwise the Patient might fall into a Lameness Consumption and at length death it self A continual owzing of some Humour which renders the cure very difficult usually follows opening the Ulcers Barbette highly commends his restorative Powder for this XXXIV In swelling of the Knees this must be observed that Scarifications when there is need of them must be prudently administred for all joynts are weak yet endued with exact sense Wherefore pain and other accidents follow Scarification Chalmetaeus XXXV A Boy after he had had the Small Pox had a swelling of pituitous and flatulent matter about his left Ankle which seemed to threaten an abscess But because such Imposthumes about the joynts are difficult and tedious in curing and sometimes erode the Sinews and very Bones we agreed among our selves to try all means whether the enclosed matter could be evacuated by insensible evacuation We therefore applied a Cataplasm of flower of Beans Lupins Darnel Powder of flowers of Chamomil Elder Melilot Bay berries Anniseed Cuminseed boyled in a simple Lixivium adding a little Salt We applied this Cataplasm 15 or 18 dayes without success the matter at length being heated in the part affected an itching and an herpes pustulosus or miliaris came on a sudden Wherefore for a day or two we omitted the use of the Cataplasm and we anoynted the place affected with Vnguentum album Rhasis and we suffered the Boy to rub his Foot as much as he list And after that a great deal of Humour had run at the Pustles the swelling about the joynt abated when the pustles were healed we applied the Cataplasm again till new pustles arose which we dried up as before and applied the Cataplasm again These being changed by turns this rebellious evil was at length successfully cured I therefore write this that the Surgeon may not change his Medicine as often as success does not immediately follow For frequently in Children and weak People time is required before Nature can bring the Medicine out of power into act Hildanus Therefore we must not give over but expect Nature's motion XXXVI A Girl 10 years old was after the Small Pox troubled with hard Swellings about her joynts in her Arms Hands and Feet that would scarce come to suppuration Some were open others not out of them that were open a thin Ichor ran rarely any pus I gave her a Decoction of China root and Sarsa parilla mixt with Splenetick and Hepatick Herbs yea and purgatives wherewith I use to cleanse the Blood I ordered that her Sores should be washed with Lime water and the Tents should be dipt in the following unguent Take of Vnguentum Diapompholygos half an ounce Saccharum Saturni 1 drachm Mix them And that they should be then covered with Emplastrum Gryseum Wincle Misc curios an 76. Obs 100. For the hard Tumours that remained I prescribed Emplastrum Diaphoreticum Mynsichti So she was perfectly cured XXXVII A Nobleman fell with his Knee upon the pavement he felt a pain under the whirl-bone and a little after a certain callous excrescence When the Swelling was not lessened with the Medicines that the Surgeons gave him I quickly cured him with the following Plaster Take of Emplastrum diaphoreticum Mynsichti de Ammoniaco Foresti each 1 ounce black destilled Oyl of Tartar 1 drachm Mix them Idem an 76. Obs 101. I have often discussed hard Tumours that were not fit for maturation with the same Plaster XXXVIII Johannes à Ketham in his summula venarum has observed out of Avicenna that Inflammations and pains in the Kidneys Loyns Hips and Bladder are wonderfully cured by opening the Veins by the Knee Gâ—â—â—â—â—â—us And I by opening the inner Vein of one Mans Knee who had a Phlegmonous Tumour over all his Leg and Calf gave him present Remedy ¶ One had been greatly pained with an oedematous Inflammation in his Leg and had been long troubled with a black Vein that ran obliquely up his Leg which being opened cured him And so another was cured who had been long troubled with relapses of Ulcers in his Legs This was done by me at Galen's perswasion Idem l. 2. ad Glauconem and by Ben. Victorius his advice XXXIX In all Medical Observation nothing is more excellent than to know all the disaffected parts about a Tumour And swelling is so near of kin and consentaneous to every Disease that a latent mischief is sooner declared by nothing than by this Either because the part being weak cannot turn the aliment brought thither into it self and so the matter remains or partly because Pain calls the Humours from all parts Now when with the Swelling the Veins do sometimes strut with their full tubes as if they would burst all about the places that feed the Disease they do but perswade us to empty them with the prick of a Lancet as I have often done with very good success when the Body has been well emptied with universals before Therefore Hippocrates l. de Vlc scarifies round old Ulcers and opens the strutting Veins thereabout Most Authors boldly scarify Contusions Inflammations and Tumours of all parts But I say if we slash the Flesh how much better may this subtraction be made out of the Veins that swell out in the afflicted part which is more plentiful commodious ready easie safe Idem and with less pain XL. If the matter be bred in the Liver Spleen or Womb and tend upwards you may make an Issue in the Thigh or Leg observing alwayes the rectitude which makes revulsion that the matter may not infect the upper parts Wherefore take notice that if the matter be sent from them parts downwards and get into either Leg they do very ill and are quite out who make Issues in the upper Parts for revulsion sake from the lower although they observe the rectitude
desist from the use of other drying things Rheubarb Tartar and even Chalybeates which otherwise I am wont to use against hardnesses proceeding from other causes as condensing cold or filling abundance of the Humours LXI The Wife of N. was suddenly taken with most violent pains about her Stomach and Spleen which could neither be stopt by Fomentations nor Purging but after she was bled plentiful in the left Arm her pains left her Riverius LXII The Wife of N. the last 3 Months of her going with Child was every day troubled with a tedious palpitation of her Stomach and she was happily cured of it with no other Remedy Simon Schultzius Misc curios ann 1676. Obs 141. than 1 scruple of Requies Nicolai swallowed now and then before meal ¶ A certain Water-drinker having at a Feast drank several healths in Water fell into horrible gnawings at his Stomach and the Heart-burn the next day he was all Icterick the day following he took a Purge About Evening his pain came afresh and the upper orifice of his Stomach began to beat as strongly as his heart which Pulse or rather pulsation Car. Rayger misc cu. ann 76. Obs 205. of the Heart I have often observed in the Colick especially that of our Country I gave him flowers of Nitre with Magistery of Crabs-Eyes Pearl and Coral and the Pain vanished in a moment and returned no more LXIII Cholerick lean red haired and thin bodied people are in the beginning of Summer troubled with a pain at their Stomach for because the Orifice of their Stomach is endued with a most exquisite sense it is vellicated by bilious Humours which were before in some measure checked by the temper of the Spring or Winter The cure is to purge with Rheubarb and to give 3 or 4 grains of Laudanum Paracelsi for certainly when the exquisite sense of the Stomach is dulled P. Pâ—châ—quâ— Obs â—4 they live much better LXIV Revulsion must be made of the Humour that causes the pain in the Stomach by divers means by frictions Bathings Cupping c. and it must be derived to the wayes of Urine the Mouth and to the Muscles by cauteries And sometimes to the very Joynts though they have been pained before Galen 7. Meth. c. 11. sayes we must consider whether the part mittent of the Humour to the Stomach be less noble than the part suscipient If the part mittent be less noble the matter must be drawn to the ignoble part if the pain of the Stomach proceed from arthritick pains the Physician need not fear to send the pains to the former place If they be equally noble Saxoniâ— we must take care to strengthen both LXV Since Emulsions sweeten the acrimony of the Humours especially of the Serum when it is tinged with a bilious saline acrimony it is observable that they are not so good for acid Humours or for such in general as are gathered in the first wayes because acids as they are contrary to Milk so also to emulsions and for this reason they are not so convenient in an acid and pituitous crudity but they rather add weight to that viscidity and cause disturbances Wedeliuâ— wherefore in this case they are often vomited up again LXVI In the use of all Emulsions also the strength of the Stomach must be looked to that they be not ordered when Humours abound and consequently laxity nor in wind for when the Heat is not strong when Humours in general abound especially acid bilious phlegmatick in and about the Stomach wind is easily produced or the Emulsions are windy Therefore in wind of the Stomach weak appetite by an essential fault especially for in Fevers it is another thing Colick Dropsie diarrhoea and other fluxes of the Belly they are not altogether so commendable for they easily turn sower and corrupt on the Stomach Wherefore the Helmontians little esteem them because they bring a strange sowerness hence likewise it is easily evident that they do no good in any pains coming from vitiated Chylification from wind in the lower Belly or from obstructions there I observed once that one sick of a Malignant Fever when he took much of an Emulsion that was prescribed him he fell into the Hickup Idem others have been troubled with belching after them LXVII There arises a great difficulty about a cold Stomach and a hot Liver how namely a cold Stomach may be heated and the Liver not inflamed Since what things heat the Stomach the same for the most part also inflame the Liver And Galen contriving how to obviate this mischief invented that composition which he called Diatrion Pipereon This Medicine indeed is endued with a singular virtue to heat the Stomach so as that its heat shall not be communicated to the Liver for seeing it consists of 3 sorts of Pepper whose heating faculty consists in a thin substance it is spent before it comes at the Liver Abr. Seyller Cons 6. l. 4. Cons Cratony It is therefore a convenient Medicine to heat and take off the intemperature of the Stomach Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians For Imposthumes Erosion and Ulcers 1. I have experienced this Plaster that it ripens Imposthumes Take River or Sea Crabs boyl them in water let the flesh when boyled and bruised and mixt with Barly flower be applied Bayrul This ripens the Imposthume effectually in 3 dayes 2. When the Ulcer is cleansed Amber may be given Benedictus It is good also in Vomiting of Blood 3. Antimony is the only thing which Purges and rids the Stomach of all its tartareous excrements When the Body is purged the butter of Pearl is good for a Consumption of the Stomach but he that can use the sweet and red Oyl of Antimony needs no other Medicines for the Cure of the Stomach Pet. Joh. Fabâ— 4. This Medicine is effectual in healing an Ulcer in the Stomach Take of Frankincense Mastich Tragacanth each 3 drachms Amber 1 drachm a little Dragon's Blood with Syrup of Quinces For heat of the Stomach Fr. Hofmannus 1. I have experienced that Tincture of Tartar is good for heat in the Stomach 2. It is especially good for such as travel in Summer time to take the tops of the twigs of a green Sloe tree that have grown that year and chew them Joel and swallow them For Wind. 1. There is nothing more convenient and proper for concoction than to wear a Plaster of one part pure Ladanum and two parts Wax for it sweetly maintains the innate heat and conduces very much to break Wind and help concoction Crato 2. Dwarf-Elder used any way is exceeding good for Wind in the Stomach or in any part The root of it is more effectual than the leaves Boyled in Wine and drunk Gabelchoverus it is very good for Dropsies 3. Three or four drops of Oyl of Carowayes given in broth or wine are good and Lozenges made of it ¶
Mace and a crust of bread or in distilled water or Tincture of Pontick Wormwood Take of powder of Ivory Crabs-Eyes red Coral each 2 drachms Coral calcined 1 drachm red Sanders Cinnamon each half a drachm Make a powder The Dose half a drachm in the same manner Take of the Tincture of Salt of Tartar 1 ounce The Dose 1 scruple to half a drachm twice a day in some appropriate distilled water Idem XXVI In Vomiting from a sharp and hot matter Medicines endued with a sowre and vitriolick Salt are more convenient That famous one of Riverius is proper in this place Take of Salt of Wormwood 1 scruple give it in a spoonful of juice of Lemons Take of Coral prepared two drachms Salt of Wormwood one drachm and an half juice of Lemons four ounces Let them stand in a capacious Glass Add of strong Cinnamon water 2 ounces The Dose a spoonful or two twice a day first shaking the Glass Take of powder of Ivory Coral each 2 drachms Vitriol of Mars 1 drachm Sugar Candy 1 drachm Mix them Divide it into 6 or 8 parts let 1 be taken twice a day in some convenient Vehicle In this case mineral purging waters which have much Nitre in them Idem and Iron Waters use to do abundance of good XXVII If when the Stomach perverts most it takes into a bitter and bilious putrilage as it often does it be therefore incliâ—ed to frequent vomitings Medicines both Acid and Bitter are proper Take of Elixir proprietatis 1 ounce take 1 scruple twice a day in some convenient Vehicle Take of Rheubarb in powder xxv grains Salt of Wormwood 1 scruple Cinnamon water half an ounce juice of Lemons 1 ounce Mix them Take this either by it self or in some convenient Liquor Take of powder of Crabs-Eyes half an ounce Tartar Chalybâ—â—te 2 drachms Sugar Candy 1 drachm Make a powder Idem The Dose half a drachm with some convenient Liquor twice a day XXVIII The cause of a frequent and habitual Vomiting is oftentimes not so much any matter irritating the Stomach as a weakness of its Nervous fibres and it s too great propensity to irritation inasmuch namely as they being very tender and infirm can neither concoct what is taken nor bear the burthen or load of it but are presently irritated by any thing that lies upon them and therefore put the carnous Fibres into emetick Spasms that they may throw off what is troublesome In this Affection there are 2 cases to wit Either a weakness of the Stomach implanted in the very Fibres is contracted from some inordinate courses as Surfeiting dayly and immoderate drinking frequent drinking of Wine or hot Waters and other Errors in Diet inasmuch as these Fibres being distended beyond measure or too much heated or as it were rosted cannot admit or contain animal Spirits in a quantity sufficient Or Secondly these Fibres although of themselves they be well enough yet because of Nerves somewhere obstructed they are deprived of a due afflux of Spirits and thereupon being languid and flaccid they cannot bear what is taken but being oppressed they force it back by Vomit Thus I have known several who without any impurity of Stomach or languor contracted from disorder have been taken as it were with a Palsy in that part and lost their appetite and have been subject to frequent Vomiting In the first case such Remedies are indicated as may by their Stypticity make the too much distended and thin Fibres to corrugate and contract into a narrower room and such as may by their pleasantness draw spirits more plentifully thither and refresh what are languid Take of Conserve of red Roses vitriolate 4 ounces preserved Myrobalanes 6 drachms Ginger preserved in India half an ounce Species de Hyacintho 2 drachms the reddest Crocus Martis 1 drachm Syrup of Corals what is sufficient Make an Electuary The Dose 1 drachm twice a day drinking a draught of distilled water upon it In a weakness of the Stomach or resolution caused by some Nerves being somewhere obstructed Antiparalytick Remedies joyned with Stomachicks will be of great use Take of Elixir proprietatis Paracelsi 1 drachm The Dose 1 scruple twice a day in the following water Take of Cypress tops 6 handfuls leaves of Clary 4 handfuls the outer rind of 12 Oranges Cinnamon Mace each 1 ounce roots of Cyperus lesser Galangale each half an ounce When they are cut and bruised pour to them of Brunswick Mum 8 pounds distill them in common Vessels Tincture of Coral Tartar or Antimony may be used in the same manner In this case Spiritus Salis dulcis also Spirit of Sal Ammoniac or its flowers Willis ibid. give great help Moreover Vomits and Purges and Sweats are often given with benefit I have known this Disease several times happily cured by Bathing in the Bath at Bathe XXIX In Vomiting and the Disease Cholera Laudâ—num may be given with Syrup or Tincture of Roses or with sapa of Quinces and let a Cupping-Glass be immediately applied to the region of the Stomach Mâ—yerne traâ—t de Laudanâ— M. S. and make a Cataplasm of Leaven powder of Mint and Orange Peal with some juice of Mint Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Let this Plaster be applied for it does wonders Take of Mastich Cinnamon Lignum Aloes Zâ—doary Galangale Cloves Anniseeds Marathrum each 3 drachms Mix them Make a powder Mix the powder with Oyl of Mastich and Balm And then with leaves of Wormwood and Mint and baked Bread boyled in Wine make a Plaster â—ordonâ—â— and apply it warm 2. This following applied is found to stop Vomiting presently Take of sower leven 2 drachms dried Mint powdered Mastich powdered each 2 drachms and an half powder of Cloves 1 drachm a little Vinegar Mix them and spread them on a Cloth and apply it warm Grulingius it does excellently well 3. Water cooled in Snow stops a pertinacious bilious Vomiting above all things De Heredia As I have found by experience 4. This is a most excellent Remedy for all Vomiting Take of Cloves grossly beaten half a drachm Roses 1 Pugil red Wine half a Pound Boyl half away Joel The Dose 2 Spoonfuls after meat 5. If enormous Vomiting follow the taking of Antimonial Medicines take 4 drops of Oyl of Cinnamon in Cinnamon-water Kunrad and the Vomiting will presently stop 6. This is admirable good Take Yolks of Eggs fry them in a Frying pan with Oyl of Mastich adding powder of Mastich and Coral till they become a soft cake Rhudius Apply them hot to the Mouth of the Stomach 7. I have learned by experience that Water and Vinegar of Roses with the Yolk of an Egg and a little Salt without any Butter Rosenbergius presently stops Vomiting 8. A crust of Bread dipt in Malmsey Wine or Mint water and sprinkled with powder of Mint Mace Cloves Cinnamon or Spec. Aromat rosat and applied to the Stomach is
effectual ¶ In whatever cause Bread tosted dipt in Vinegar of Roses and bestrewed with powder of Mint Cloves and Roses is good ¶ This is a certain experiment and reckoned as a secret by some After the takeing of Antimonial Medicines which vomit too much to give a spoonful or two of Spirit of Wine Sennertus and it gives present help 9. Dried Coriander infused in Vinegar does admirably in a hot cause Stokkerus 10. Sower Leven soaked in strong Vinegar and juice of Mint applied and renewed twice or thrice most certainly stops Vomiting by Purging and due Revulsion Varendaeu◠11. A few Coriander Seeds in Vomiting after the taking of a violent Medicine Welkardus have an admirable property to stop it if they be chewed Vomitus Sanguinis Puris or Vomiting of Blood or Corruption The Contents Purging is good I. It must not be stopt in all II. Things that are hot and of subtil parts must be put into the Applications III. Oyly things are hurtful IV. Vinegar must not be given alone V. Caused by swallowing a Leech VI. From the Spleen VII The Cure and Prevention of Vomiting of Pus VIII Medicines I. GEntle and frequent Purging must be celebrated whereby the Blood is purged from those serous and bilious Humours which produce this Disease Which kind of Purges celebrated by a prudent Physician do wonders as I have learned by experience And they must be made of Rheubarb Myrobolans Tamarinds and triphera Persica which Medicines purge and bind and no way disturb the Humours so that you need not fear any vomiting of Blood will be caused thereby Riverius II. There were two Women at Padua who the day before their Menses came Vomited Blood they perceived the Vomit before it came which if the Physician tried to stop Rhodius divers Symptomes would arise and go away with vomiting III. In Oyntments Epithemes and other applications we must take care that they have some heat with their astriction for though the flux be stopt with cold and astringent things yet this is done upon taking the indication from the function of the part that is the Stomach and from the time Cyperus Spike Cassia and Cinnamon are the best among other Astringents For besides that they preserve the nature of the part they help also the penetration of the astringent and cold things which are of gross parts IV. In vomiting of Blood the use of Oyls is suspected because they open the orifices of the Veins rather than close them Therefore Aloysius Mundella denies Oyl of Sweet Almonds to all that vomit Blood Bartholinus V. The use also of Vinegar alone is suspected because it exasperates the parts and raises a Cough whereby it promotes a new fluxion Therefore it must be sweetned with Honey or Sugar VI. A Country-Man was ill of Vomiting of Blood that would give way to no Remedies for several dayes The Physician being desirous to carry off the Blood that was gathered in the Stomach by vomit prescribed him 2 ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds which made him vomit and he brought up clotted Blood and a Leech also that moved upon the ground Riverius Obs 26. Cent. 4. This was an unknown and rare cause of vomiting of Blood The Patient said afterward that he drank of a rivulet where he had swallowed a Leech with the water VII In the year 1662. I saw in the Town Boudri within the Territory of Newenburgh a Notary fifty years old who vomited at one time a pound of clotted black Blood and as he said he had vomited as much the day before His Stomach was then squeamish with a sense of a load wherefore I gave him a little warm Oxycrate for there was nothing else at hand which brought up no less quantity Because the strength was good I prescribed him a bolus of Conserve of Roses with I drachm of the powder of Rheubarb which brought away a great deal of clotted Blood mixt with the Stools Then I proceeded to strengthners For Preservation I ordered him to Bleed at the Haemorrhoids twice a year for the flux came from his Spleen as the swelling of it returning at times did testifie giving him Chalybeates and openers of Obstructions He followed this wholesome advice for 2 years which being neglected the third year his vomiting returned with greater violence which deprived him of Life I have known many sayes Dodonaeus cap. de Absynthio l. hist stirpium who have brought up Blood by vomiting I remember I saved one or two by my advice after once vomiting and indeed by the frequent use of Worm-wood all manner of wayes VIII The excretion of Pus by Vomit and Stool must not be stopt but gently promoted seeing it is an Humour toto genere preternatural and every way hurtful to Man But the new growth of it must be hindred as much as can be since it is bred of Blood the fewel of our vital flame and the food of all the parts of the Body as well containing as contained Among all things which move or promote excretion of Pus I prefer and commend Antimonial Medicines for I have often observed that they have not only a virtue of correcting the mischief which comes from Pus but also of hindring the breeding of new Pus for rightly prepared and administred it serves no less for the purifying of Man's Body than for purifying of Gold Also Balsamus Sulphuris Anisatus and any other stops the continual generation of Pus out of corrupt Blood if 2 or 3 drops be taken several times a day from which also the cleansing and certain healing of the Ulcer may be expected and perhaps more certainly than from any other Medicine To this end also Antimonium Diaphoreticum will conduce Sylvius de le Boe. and any other altering Medicine made of Antimony and a Balsame artificially made of its flowers Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. To stop vomiting of Blood I gave these with success Take of Mummy 1 drachm juice of Horse-tail 1 ounce water of Plantain Horse-tail each 1 ounce and an half After the Patient had drank this cold his Bleeding and Vomiting stopt ¶ To a Woman who brought up her Menses by vomit I gave this Clyster for diversion Take of Chicken broth wherein a few Prunes Raisins and Aniseeds were boyled Cassia for Clysters 1 ounce oyl Olive of sweet Almonds Chamomil each 1 ounce common salt 1 drachm Sal Gem. half a drachm the yolk of an Egg. Mix them Make a Clyster She recovered beyond expectation with this one Remedy But every Month before her vomiting came Forestus she was bled in the Foot 2. Practitioners use to apply Remedies to the Spleen as I have observed from experience when the Patients have vomited great quantities of black Blood the vomiting has been presently stopt by this Plaster Take of Barley flower A corns root of Comfrey each 1 ounce and an half blood-Dock 2 drachms Plantain water and red