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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	appear_v	great_a	king_n	1,466	5	3.5285	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A94168	The false brother, or, A new map of Scotland, drawn by an English pencil; being a short history of the political and civil transactions between these two nations since their first friendship: wherein the many secret designs, and dangerous aspects and influences of that nation on England are discovered; with the juglings of their commissioners with the late King, Parliament, and city. The grounds of the entrance of our army into Scotland cleared, from their own principles and actings; their main pleas impleaded, and answered. Humbly presented to the Councel of State.	Sydenham, Cuthbert, 1622-1654.	1651 (1651)	Wing S6294; Thomason E620_13; ESTC R203681	46,712	64

for it whether to regain their lost Honor in delivering up the King at Newcastle and vindicate themselves of these aspersions of selling him for two hundred thousand pound or to make good their secret promises at his departure from them it s no great matter to be informed in but all the world may know they negotiated that affair more like the Kings authorized Commissioners for that purpose then the Commissioners of the Covenant and Nation of Scotland For when the Parliament stood on the way of Propositions wherein the Fundamental principles of both Nations should have been stuck unto and the absolute necessaries of our peace without restriction insisted on nothing would serve the Scots but a Personal Treaty which in effect was no more but this That we must yet be at the Kings mercy for what we had by the sword wrung out of his hands that this was a dangerous design that the Scots had a chief hand in it I shall demonstrate in these particulars For the first That it was not the right way but a by path found out on purpose for to act some other affair by is evident if we consider First that the way of Propositions was judged at the utmost pinch of our affairs to be the safest and fairest by both Nations and though the King often desired it when he had an Army as an argument it would not be granted knowing the influences of Royal aspects and respect 2. Any other way would be most useless for what could not be done by Propositions could not be by a personal presence for those Propositions were not as Ceremonial and State Complements which can be omitted without danger but of that consequence and Fundamentalness to this Nation and so connected together that we could not lose one without hazard of all Besides our affairs were not in that equal ballance at that time we having the King as our prisoner to Treat with him upon equal terms or to admit his person to explain or dash out our demands Yea the way of Propositions was most serious as safe for if the King refused to grant our desires in cold bloud when he had time to peruse them so long and to know his own heart towards them and yet refused to sign them and we durst not recede from them how could we expect by debate and conferences where men are many times surprized and lie under strong influences and have not time of looking so round about them to have got any thing by such a Treaty but these things have been in other Manifestoes more fully spoken unto That the Scots have been the prime instruments in it it s a Record in their own Remonstrances And their carriages too gross in it to be kept private they protested against the Parliaments way of Propositions and when they had nothing against the matter they carp at the method and cry out upon them for not putting the Covenant in the fore front while the Parliament intended nothing but to secure it in the middle and make it the center in which all things should rest and by which they should be determined this was judged a little politick Superstition in the Scots to make the world believe they had the onely care of the Covenant and the Parliament of themselves the high incroachments of these Gentlemen on the priviledges of England and the Parliament though it might give us a full discovery of their designs on us yet it is not to be paralleld by any Ministers of State in the Christian or Heathenish world for still wrapping themselves up in the Covenant they peremptorily take upon them to determine what proposals we shall make concerning our peace and when they have granted the substance will take on them to hold our hands in the writing of them that we must not place a letter or syllable in any order but what these Commissioners would have us nor could we have liberty to point our own words or add an accent without a severe check from them And when we had profest our selves proper Judges of our affairs and not to meddle with any proposals that immediatly concerned their Nation the Scots Commissioners ride post presently to the Isle of Wight and protest against all those things that our Parliament thought most fit for setling the peace of this Nation That all English men may see the aims of that Nation for power and domination in England and I may say it without partiality the Spanish Faction never had more power in the conclave at Rome then the Scots had at that time on the most of the English Nation And so strenously do they follow this affair that a personal Treaty is obtained at last but least it should not have been effected to bring the Parliament low and ballance the Kings power with theirs an universal insurrection is designed in all Counties in England and the Scots to come in on the back that the Army might be divided and broken and the Scots might back their papers with their swords this was the deepest and most dangerous design that ever was set on foot and the greatest power of God was maifested in preventing the efficacy of it which did not onely make a new War but would have utterly undone all former hopes For upon a suddain they revolt in Wales under Poyer Powel and Laughorn get together a great Army in Kent and Essex afterwards in Surry had all been as ready as these Counties and the word so fully given it had been a blow indeed unto this Nation as never was yet given the poor discountenanced Army is now fain to divide and to go into several corners to fight and suppress their new enemies among whom had not God appeared by an extraordinary presence we had not known the wonders we now see That the Scots were the great occasion if not the prime causes of this new and desperate plot will not be very difficult to discover though they seemed to veil it never so secretly for all these things fell out upon their Declarations against the Parliament and Army and were but the result of their transactions with the King and doubtless formed especially in the I le of Wight Their great endeavour as you may observe hath been since the work was done without them to destroy the Army the onely bulwark God hath given us to preserve our selves from the designs of the King and them and to disaffect the people from the Parliaments power and actings many strange things being blown up and down and kindled in the Nation by their Papers to this end it now breaks out into a flame besides all the pretences the new Mutineers make as the utmost of their desires is for the disbanding the Army for a personal Treaty and to suppress Sectaries and though the King lay close all this while and was glad of his Prison while his Agents were so instrumental yet he had his predominant influences and as they raised men he put Commanders

from Scotland to ease our burthen so that person laid the plot of Prerogative and persecution and left the prosecution of it to his Successors which they have not failed in But our neerer acquaintance and that which begot friendship betwen us seemed to have laid on a more contrary yet sure foundation not on our union under one King but their falling out with him and opposing the effects of his Fathers plots and his sons Tyranny an act then very new and strange that both gained them hatred and respect according to the disposition of the Court and the temperature of the Kingdom and had gained them immortal glory to all Nations if they had been as uniform and even in the series of action as they were hot and violent in their first motions and agitations about it For the late King having been fully acquainted with his Fathers principles which he had a peaceable time to fortify and observed whom he made his enemies and friends did endeavour to go on where he left off and to propagate them with that zeal that an interested Agent ought to do upon whom only the active part of the work lay which design as it was chiefly to advance the Prerogative above the Law and Episcopacy above the Gospel and both as a step to Popery so it was carried on by degrees in England both as to Civils and Ecclesiasticals and so less discerned and the great method was to begin with Scotland first which as it was more remote so it taking full effect there as an Essay it might be effected in England with more power knowing that England was the more Heroick free and noble Nation and more incapable of bondage and slavery and they well knew it would be hard on a sudden to make a Civil War in England after so long a Summer of peace especially ere they had tryed what could be done with the two other Kingdoms But it first brake out in Scotland on a sudden and too violently by the zeal of the Archbishop of Canterbury who to provoke them sent them a new Common-Prayer-book worse then ours which was bad enough with many revilings and affronts publickly to the whole Nation that the Scots had nothing else but the grosness of the plot to oppose which yet was sufficient to move them to preserve themselves our condition was much worse by how much we lay more directly under the design and both the burthens of oppression and persecution with less plea and power to oppose The Scots soon resent those actings and unite themselves together and put themselves into a posture of defence against the King and his Incendiaries at Court and at last come into England to prevent the Kings coming with an Army to Scotland and in a little time they gained their desires with something from England over and above This first engagement against the King Common-Prayer and Bishops all which lay heavy on our consciences did not only gain them their own desires but got them the hearts of true Englishmen and abundance of reverence to their Cause and Nation yea all honest and godly men to whom then the thoughts of any Liberty was sweet and the glimmerings of probable hopes precious fell down at their feet espoused their quarrel and though their actings had but an occasional influence upon our condition our whole Parliament suffered a dissolution rather then they would contribute a farthing to make a war against them though Parliaments were then rare monuments of Priviledges to us and of such necessity to our affairs and we were hopeless of attaining any more and when the necessities of the King to get money moved him to call this Parliament as meaning once more to try the people we not onely again refused to act against Scotland but the first thing we did was to proclaim them our Dear Brethren and instead of granting Subsidies against them we gave them a gratuity of three hundred thousand pound sterling for standing up for their own just Liberties and giving us occasion of doing the same though some wise and single eyed men are not afraid to say that there was somewhat more in the end then preservation of Religion in that expedition First because there were many private animosities long before ripening about places among some great ones at Court and Scotland and that there was fire enough in these breasts to kindle a very great flame however they took occasion to kindle it at a fit season for the Scots 2. The revenues of the Court in Scotland were not so equally distributed among the Scots Noblemen but some got all 3. It was a fine Essay for the Noblemen and Gentry of Scotland having so good a pretence to try the temper of the English and take a clear prospect of our State But that which makes many especially believe that Religion was but a pretence is because they have made so little progress in the Reformation and purifying it among themselves and yet have made so many divisions in it and by it among us Others think their hatred was not so much against Superstition as Ceremony nor of Episcopacy but of its pontificalness in outward Ornaments which they could no so well maintain and their Nobility together But we must give them their due they had the first eminent occasion given them to oppose Innovations and they must have the honor of the first start we then thought them all Saints and at that time every breath after Religion and Profession of Reformation was so taking to good men who knew no way of attaining it by themselves that the Scot laid in a stock of credit which hath lasted them ever since having the first commendation of early risers though afterwards they might and did lie abed striving to secure their own interests and make use of others necessities which they have ever since carefully held to in all opportunities But the last and most special friendship hath been by our mutual conjunction in a common Cause against the late King and his malignant interest the King having for the present altered the Scene from Scotland to England though the design was the same against both we were fain to unite more closely and to profess against our common enemy yet as the Scots did not move or engage untill solemnly invited by our Parliament so we were loth to trouble them untill we saw them like to be engaged by others and we at present through the delayes and divisions of our first Armies were not able to improve our own strength This union was confirmed by the Solemn League and Covenant which one would think had been an everlasting foundation of Amity and love between us had it been well made and honestly kept But concerning this Covenant it is to be feared though it was solemnly taken yet it was carelesly made with much design and craft which God will punish as well as the breach of it For it was drawn by the Scots according to their sense and what

became moderate towards the Kings interest and fell into a discontented and envious humor against the new Model who were assisted from heaven to do that in one Summer which they had been dallying about some years and had lost more ground then ever they gained striving rather to ballance the Parliaments interest then improve it to a Conquest These Gentlemen with many others being now out of Office in the Army and so remoter from influences which much depended on the Military power and seeing all their former services swallowed up and lost in the present faithfulness and usefulness of this Army joyn in with the Scots party whose condition was much alike as to their overtures and the Scots who were glad of such instruments in our own bosoms strike in with them and lay their heads together how to work upon all tempers and distempers of men that they might either make a new war for themselves to manage or patch up a peace wherein they might be seen to be the eminent instruments thinking that would be most raising and advantagious to themselves it being more taking to the people to be instruments of making any unjust peace then of conquering by just war But the most plausible and teeming Agents they used were some Ministers in London and other places who had by their good Doctrine got into mens affections whom they used as fit bellows for such a flame and the religious vail and peculiar engine was the Covenant which was made use of to serve both ends So that this design hath been well composed and made up of English materials and Scottish spirits who were as the predominant ingredient in a Potion of the most secret and effectual influence The proper subject of these new contrivances were that remnant in the Parliament whom they had observed most immovable in their principles set against the Tyranny of the King and his interest which they knew would be more afterwards then ever hating to be so unfaithful to Gods Providences and their own engagements to this Nation as to sell away their Liberties after a conquest which they might have had in as good terms and with less hazard before the war And because God had kept the Army to the same principles and united them with that honest party they must be the main Butt of all these envenomed arrows which afterwards were shot at Rovers as well as in a level against them This poor Army because they had been too active and had been honored to Conquer that proud and insolent party the bare opposition of whom by the former Armies cost this Nation some millions to little purpose must now be put in their place and accounted the common enemy and the tables were presently turned and new names invented of distinction and disgrace that what they could not effect by force they might by craft which the Scots Commissioners were the great Masters of but that I may go on by degrees as this plot was managed The first work they set about in order to effect their end ' was to get the King into the Scots Army that he might be further out of the sight of the English and to prevent the Army from having the onely glory of doing all that though they had conquered his party they might not have the honor of taking his person I know the Scots deny any capitulation with him and profest they were as men that dreamt but if Martial and Hudson and Ashburnham who were the prime Agents in it or the King himself who swore it oftentimes upon his discontents may be believed as in these secret affairs which concerned themselves they were the best witnesses then it is out of doubt you may see this more full in a little Book Intituled The English Translation of the Scots Declaration against Montross where both Hudsons and the Kings Affidavit about this business are recorded Nay so fond they were of this new design and the Officers of the Army so transported with it that the old General Lesley told Hudson that his Majesty might be sure of his welcome he would willingly meet him half way bare-foot and on his knees rather then to miss his company besides they presently hasted away with him to Newcastle contrary to the advice of our Commissioners then amongst them and the absolute command of our Parliament as if they had got some rich prize and their ultimate end in this war and that they might have no objection of delay the King gave up Newark as a token of his love to them and though by being at Newark he was full half way to the Parliament yet they without stop carry him farther off that they might draw him at a greater distance from us and keep him as a pawn for themselves This transaction how ever guilded over was of a strange and dangerous import in such a juncture of time and shews much of the Scots ends that when he was beaten out of most of his Holds he should take Sanctuary in the Scots Army and they to keep him not onely in the place where they first met him but to convey him away so far from the Parliament and that by the alone authority of their Army which afterwards they condemned in our Army though what they did was upon more special Reasons all the world must needs judge that there was something in it more then ordinary and some great change not in the King who knew his own principles and was too much indeared to them but in the Scots who were so glad of his coming unto them But the truth is by this they thought to undermine the Army and that party they had their eyes on in Parliament to have frustrated all triumphs of our Conquest having got the prime Standard or at least to have so puzled and altered all our affairs that they might be looked upon once more as the first and last causes of our salvation The King was not all this while unmindful of his Interest neither were his Agents idle everywhere for after the Scots had conveyed away Ashburnham and Hudson lest they should discover the secrets and spoil the play The French Embassador and their Agent Montril ply the Kings business with the Scots and improve the interest of that Nation which with Scotland is most powerful all things had been done at that time which was promised in the next Expedition but that some of the wiser and men of greatest interest saw that it was not now time the King was so fast and stiff to his principles that they could make him do nothing in order to the Covenant which must have been their greatest pretence and the thoughts of espousing such an interest so soon and publikely standing for him ere he had given any delusive satisfaction would have been too gross as being a renewing of the old Cause which would make all men suspect the design ere it was ripe or handsomely veil'd and they knew well enough our Army had been all

this while in action and yet in the eyes and hearts of the people for their rare services and that their spirits would fain be at the main person to end the war whom the Scots had unworthily conveyed from them and they might well imagine that our Army could easilier beat the Scots out of England then the King into the Scots Army Yet when he went from them he was laden with as many promises as he could carry or well believe which was too well performed afterwards though privately of which more hereafter some of their great men told him he had done too much to be presently stood for ere they had worn out the thoughts of his miscarriages by their new strategems on these they were then pleased to call his enemies others told him that they could do him more service in his absence from them and with less suspition neither could the King have gone away with comfort nor they with that quietness had not they promised to make up all at last for besides the shifting off the burden from themselves in regard of maintenance they had the advantage of freer actings from him by how much they had so orderly given him up to the charity of the English Parliament 2. Great things lay visible to any Observer as to that transaction first that it was too costly for them to maintain him alone when they saw they could make no present use of him 3. That they could not part with their former engagement to the King without new promises in a more hopeful way of accomplishment and some of their Grandees at that time were for a present appearance and the Army was dealt withall to that purpose and the Regiments that were engaged I could relate and tell you how forward David Lesley himself was in that business and how far the Lords Calander Lanerick Sinclare yea and Lowden also acted in that affair but wiser and more concerned men knew the Kings temper and how little they had from him to satisfie their best and most followed men and what it was to fight so soon in a new mask for the old Cause and what need they had of two hundred thousand pounds at present to pay themselves and their Army that they changed the Case and gave up that person to us to look after which they could get then no more by The King who was no fool as to Politicks was not much discontented at his removal but looked upon it as his usual ghuesse and progress for he saw the Scots were too far engaged to England on the one way as he was on the other against both to expect a sudden opposition but he contented himself to think that he had laid a good foundation for their future designs and had both gained and engaged his formerly most opposite party And you shall finde that the Kings party did more storm at his giving up then the King himself who knew both his design and their promises they curse the Scots and fall on them as those that sold their King and betrayed their Trust but he knew that he was not sold but bought and as his necessities did drive him to come to them whom he perfectly hated so their necessities made them give him up and renew their first promises to be performed in a more convenient way they not finding mediums as yet so proportioned and fitted to their main end But it hath been thought with much seriousness by many that could the Scots have prevailed on him to have taken the Covenant they would have made a greater Cheat of him then ever they can now hope to make of Charls their Second Argyle who was their main man in his surrender to his praise be it spoken though he hath since opened his heart parted very fairly and with much complement from his Majesty and told him that he could be a better friend to him at a distance then in their quarters and whereas he could have now but one wheel moving for him if he staid he should hereafter have many Yet that I may not diminish any thing from them they were very zealous in pressing on him the Covenant and some other acts which was well done and indeed they had no other visible way without shame to make their best market by him and the King knew them so well that he would often tell them They loved him onely for themselves and yet he expected no more from them then that they might serve themselves by him Many particular discontents there were between them in their debates which the King would often put up and remember onely when he knew their full minde of delivering him up to the Parliament of England he laboured twice to escape from them which whether it were to try what they would do further for him or what he could do by himself I know not but he was prevented and not onely kept more safe but secured that future actions should manifest their real intentions But however the King is now delivered up to our Commissioners who was very cheery whether because he was freed from a Scottish bondage or was comforted with new hopes through their close Protestations I will not dispute but certainly he was no way danted or melancholy in sight he now saw himself the special Umpire of all affairs and the great prize of all Parties and therefore intended to let them try out among themselves their own differences and rejoyced in our divisions that he might raign But though the King was thus made ours after many disputes of the propriety of each Nation yet the Scots Army must have something else which they valued more then his personal presence viz. that English two hundred thousand pounds which was rather as a gratuity then pay all things considered and yet was gladly given to fore-speak a Peace ere they would march and yet to their Commendation they did keep their Articles upon reception of their money and I have nothing to say to dispraise their peaceable departure onely for the honor of England it may be well considered what a fruitful and blessed Nation we are in our societies and converses that whereas they came in with between two or three thousand Scots Naggs they marched out of England with about sixty Troopes of as gallant horse as ever any Army in Christendom was furnished withall and every Captain besides the extraordinaries of Colonels had his two or three led horses of as great value as some would judge their patrimony to be in Scotland were they equally divided by a sterling account But yet England have much to bless God they went away with no more then they did But still to the design This Army went into Scotland not to be disbanded after their pay but as into their Winter Quarters which though their march was at almost the end of our Winter yet but the middle of theirs and they were designed to go aside and lie out of sight untill things were prepared in the

their hearts were and are those which ever since have abused our Parliament and Army and have made use of all their authority to overthrow us and yet we must be contented with their onely dissent onely to the manner and order of that invasion And yet truly I think we might well be satisfied in their dislike if we had not found that they have been both the first Agents and mean to be the last prosecutors of the same design but grant all these protesting spirits to be never so entire to the English interest the contrary to which we have found by woful experience yet we may see the complexion of that whole State in its aspects on England and may very well demand full satisfaction for a Parliamentary publick Commission to enslave and abase this Free born Nation When England was guiltless of any design they must satisfie When they come and invade us for their own security against two or three persons at Court we must out of Conscience reward them And when we make use of them in a Common Cause which would at last fall as hardly on themselves if they meant to keep their first principles yet we must pay them both for their own good as well as ours and maintain them in their zeal and love and Religion together and yet its unreasonable for this Commonwealth to propose satisfaction for an Authorized invasion on us to the undoing of thousands in the North. But the onely and best reason that ever I could find out to salve and quench such a motion is drawn from that way of arguing which is ab impossibili that its impossible for us to get satisfaction were they as Free as they are Froward and where there is nothing we may remember our English Proverb In that cause there the King must lose his Right intimating that if any thing could be got per fas aut nefas by hook or by crook Kings would be sure to get it who were nothing else but the Royal Catch-poles of a Commonwealth But grant that all arrears were discharged between us is it not reason that we should have security at least when we are willing to take that for satisfaction that is the next ground of entring Scotland to secure our own Borders and have not we reason when they have joyned with an interest diametrically against us to intreat that after they have laid their designs on England they will promise not to act them we desire nothing but peace at home and to reap the fruit of our own labors and Gods mercies Let Scotland sit down with the Triumph and Joys of their now Politick Convert we shall not envy them but they must give us leave to remember our own Condition when we have such neighbors and enemies joyned together who have been the bawds to all parties in their utmost Rapes and Ravishments of the Priviledges of this Commonwealth We wish we had as equal Judges as we have sufficient grounds for this Act they have given us cause of Jealousie should they prove never so honest now by their former Transactions but when both the former and latter designs are made one and the same pretences still pleaded to dress the old design and all waies of information and correspondencie is absolutely shut up by them its time for England to look to it self and to endeavor if they can to prevent that which they mean to prevail by viz. our facilness and delay upon what pretence soever And we mean to go by examples the Scots have led us the way and taught as the Method of invading long before Hamiltons Expedition upon sleighter and lower grounds and less occasion then we have For when the King by the prevailing Favourites at Court had raised an Army with intention to make war on them to prevent the miseries of war in their own Countrey and get before-hand with the King they fairly march over Tweed enter England and take New-Castle and by that means disappointed that intended mischief in their own Nation and have not we the same just reasons to take our opportunities when they have proclaimed a King over us and were forming an Army to enthrone him in this Nation let all the world judge If they say they had not stated a war against England or did not intend to invade us we shall desire nothing more from them than a full confirmation of that Protestation But what meant the Treaty at Breda what meant that Article wherein they promise upon his full satisfying the just demands of that State and Kirk they would endeavour to restore him to his rights in England Would they do it by an Army or not or could they restore him but by force upon us These juglings will not now serve the turn Can any man of any competency of reason judge that Charls Stuart who hath been bred up in his Fathers principles and who hath had such Tutors all this while would give up himself to live on the charity of that Nation or that he would ever enter Scotland but as a back door to England intending to make the furthest way about the nearest way home Or will any imagine that the Scots are so in love with a King as to be burthen'd both with his power and maintenance alone but that they meant to make use of him to get a greater footing in England than ever they had and to be enriched with the spoiles and rewards of this flourishing Nation for such a special service let every mans conscience speak this truth and should not we be for ever branded as fools to posterity to let them make their own preparations and take their own advantages to ruine us while we are terrified with the nicety of a word which they call invasion from securing our selves and certainly if the absolutest necessity had not enforced Expedition prudence and policy would have rendred it a madness for us to send our faithful and special Army into Scotland to suffer all that misery and hardship which they have since undergone and notwithstanding all former affronts without any acknowledgement much less redress from them God knows and honest men might see with what frame of spirit our Army entred Scotland in their addresses to the borders you would not think to see them they had been an Army of Souldiers but of suiters and humble Petitioners for a peace and it was no small encouragement to some silent and observing spirits to see the order of their addresses unto that Nation sending in their desires for nothing else but the security of England begging that they might not be put to extremities against that Nation but might yet receive some hopes of satisfaction writing as unto Saints not enemies and those that viewed their carriages saw as much of the workings of Christian bowels in that Remonstrance as ever any that came from an Army But all these amicable and sweet motions were returned with Fire and Sword with the utmost revilings and contempt as if